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Inui K, Takeuchi N, Borgil B, Shingaki M, Sugiyama S, Taniguchi T, Nishihara M, Watanabe T, Suzuki D, Motomura E, Kida T. Age and sex effects on paired-pulse suppression and prepulse inhibition of auditory evoked potentials. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1378619. [PMID: 38655109 PMCID: PMC11035799 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1378619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Responses to a sensory stimulus are inhibited by a preceding stimulus; if the two stimuli are identical, paired-pulse suppression (PPS) occurs; if the preceding stimulus is too weak to reliably elicit the target response, prepulse inhibition (PPI) occurs. PPS and PPI represent excitability changes in neural circuits induced by the first stimulus, but involve different mechanisms and are impaired in different diseases, e.g., impaired PPS in schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease and impaired PPI in schizophrenia and movement disorders. Therefore, these measures provide information on several inhibitory mechanisms that may have roles in clinical conditions. In the present study, PPS and PPI of the auditory change-related cortical response were examined to establish normative data on healthy subjects (35 females and 32 males, aged 19-70 years). We also investigated the effects of age and sex on PPS and PPI to clarify whether these variables need to be considered as biases. The test response was elicited by an abrupt increase in sound pressure in a continuous sound and was recorded by electroencephalography. In the PPS experiment, the two change stimuli to elicit the cortical response were a 15-dB increase from the background of 65 dB separated by 600 ms. In the PPI experiment, the prepulse and test stimuli were 2- and 10-dB increases, respectively, with an interval of 50 ms. The results obtained showed that sex exerted similar effects on the two measures, with females having stronger test responses and weaker inhibition. On the other hand, age exerted different effects: aging correlated with stronger test responses and weaker inhibition in the PPS experiment, but had no effects in the PPI experiment. The present results suggest age and sex biases in addition to normative data on PPS and PPI of auditory change-related potentials. PPS and PPI, as well as other similar paradigms, such as P50 gating, may have different and common mechanisms. Collectively, they may provide insights into the pathophysiologies of diseases with impaired inhibitory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Inui
- Department of Functioning and Disability, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Japan
- Section of Brain Function Information, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | | | - Bayasgalan Borgil
- Department of Functioning and Disability, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Megumi Shingaki
- Department of Functioning and Disability, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sugiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomoya Taniguchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishihara
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Takayasu Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | - Dai Suzuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Eishi Motomura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kida
- Department of Functioning and Disability, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai, Japan
- Section of Brain Function Information, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
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2
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Yavuz B, Rusen E, Duman T, Bas B. Developments of possible clinical diagnostic methods for parkinson's disease: event-related potentials. Neurocase 2023; 29:67-74. [PMID: 38678307 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2024.2345404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
In this study, Event-Related Potential (ERP) analyzes were performed to detect cognitive impairments in PD with Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS). A total of 85 volunteers underwent ERP analysis and neuropsychological testing (NPT) to determine cognitive level. In ERP analyses, prolonged latencies were observed in PD groups. However, patients implanted with DBS showed a decrease in latencies, a decrease in symptoms and statistical improvements in both cognitive and attention skills. Considering all these data, ERP results are promising as a noninvasive method that can be used in both disease status and diagnosis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcak Yavuz
- Vocational School of Health Services/Istanbul, Altinbas University, Turkey
| | - Emir Rusen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology/Istanbul, Altinbas University, Turkey
| | - Tugce Duman
- Department of Neuroscience/Istanbul, Uskudar University, Turkey
| | - Berra Bas
- Department of Psychology/Istanbul, Bahcelievler MedicalPark Hospital Turkey
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3
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Du X, Hare S, Summerfelt A, Adhikari BM, Garcia L, Marshall W, Zan P, Kvarta M, Goldwaser E, Bruce H, Gao S, Sampath H, Kochunov P, Simon JZ, Hong LE. Cortical connectomic mediations on gamma band synchronization in schizophrenia. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:13. [PMID: 36653335 PMCID: PMC9849210 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02300-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant gamma frequency neural oscillations in schizophrenia have been well demonstrated using auditory steady-state responses (ASSR). However, the neural circuits underlying 40 Hz ASSR deficits in schizophrenia remain poorly understood. Sixty-six patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 85 age- and gender-matched healthy controls completed one electroencephalography session measuring 40 Hz ASSR and one imaging session for resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) assessments. The associations between the normalized power of 40 Hz ASSR and rsFC were assessed via linear regression and mediation models. We found that rsFC among auditory, precentral, postcentral, and prefrontal cortices were positively associated with 40 Hz ASSR in patients and controls separately and in the combined sample. The mediation analysis further confirmed that the deficit of gamma band ASSR in schizophrenia was nearly fully mediated by three of the rsFC circuits between right superior temporal gyrus-left medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), left MPFC-left postcentral gyrus (PoG), and left precentral gyrus-right PoG. Gamma-band ASSR deficits in schizophrenia may be associated with deficient circuitry level connectivity to support gamma frequency synchronization. Correcting gamma band deficits in schizophrenia may require corrective interventions to normalize these aberrant networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Du
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Stephanie Hare
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ann Summerfelt
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bhim M Adhikari
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laura Garcia
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wyatt Marshall
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peng Zan
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Mark Kvarta
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric Goldwaser
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Heather Bruce
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Si Gao
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hemalatha Sampath
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan Z Simon
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - L Elliot Hong
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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4
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de la Salle S, Choueiry J, McIntosh J, Bowers H, Ilivitsky V, Knott V. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonism impairs sensory gating in the auditory cortex in response to speech stimuli. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:2155-2169. [PMID: 35348805 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06090-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Deficits in early auditory sensory processing in schizophrenia have been linked to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction, but the role of NMDARs in aberrant auditory sensory gating (SG) in this disorder is unclear. This study, conducted in 22 healthy humans, examined the acute effects of a subanesthetic dose of the NMDAR antagonist ketamine on SG as measured electrophysiologically by suppression of the P50 event-related potential (ERP) to the second (S2) relative to the first (S1) of two closely paired (500 ms) identical speech stimuli. Ketamine induced impairment in SG indices at sensor (scalp)-level and at source-level in the auditory cortex (as assessed with eLORETA). Together with preliminary evidence of modest positive associations between impaired gating and dissociative symptoms elicited by ketamine, tentatively support a model of NMDAR hypofunction underlying disturbances in auditory SG in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara de la Salle
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, 1145 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1Z 7K4, Canada
| | - Joelle Choueiry
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, 1145 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1Z 7K4, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Judy McIntosh
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, 1145 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1Z 7K4, Canada
| | - Hayley Bowers
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Vadim Ilivitsky
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, 1145 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1Z 7K4, Canada
| | - Verner Knott
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, 1145 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1Z 7K4, Canada. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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5
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Francis AM, Parks A, Choueiry J, El-Marj N, Impey D, Knott VJ, Fisher DJ. Sensory gating in tobacco-naïve cannabis users is unaffected by acute nicotine administration. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:1279-1288. [PMID: 33932162 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05843-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Long-term cannabis use has been associated with the appearance of psychotic symptoms and schizophrenia-like cognitive impairments; however these studies may be confounded by concomitant use of tobacco by cannabis users. We aimed to determine if previously observed cannabis-associated deficits in sensory gating would be seen in cannabis users with no history of tobacco use, as evidenced by changes in the P50, N100, and P200 event-related potentials. A secondary objective of this study was to examine the effects of acute nicotine administration on cannabis users with no tobacco use history. METHODS Three components (P50, N100, P200) of the mid-latency auditory-evoked response (MLAER) were elicited by a paired-stimulus paradigm in 43 healthy, non-tobacco smoking male volunteers between the ages of 18-30. Cannabis users (CU, n = 20) were administered nicotine (6 mg) and placebo gum within a randomized, double-blind design. Non-cannabis users (NU, n = 23) did not receive nicotine. RESULTS Between-group sensory gating effects were only observed for the N100, with CUs exhibiting a smaller N100 to S1 of the paired stimulus paradigm, in addition to reduced dN100 (indicating poorer gating). Results revealed no significant sensory gating differences with acute administration of nicotine compared to placebo cannabis conditions. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a relationship between gating impairment and cannabis use; however, acute nicotine administration nicotine does not appear to impact sensory gating function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Francis
- Department of Psychology, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Andrea Parks
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Joëlle Choueiry
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nicole El-Marj
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Danielle Impey
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Verner J Knott
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Derek J Fisher
- Department of Psychology, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychology, Mount Saint Vincent University, 166 Bedford Hwy, Halifax, NS, B3M 2J6, Canada.
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6
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Yang Q, Zhang Y, Yang K, Niu Y, Fan F, Chen S, Luo X, Tan S, Wang Z, Tong J, Yang F, Li CSR, Tan Y. Associations of the serum kynurenine pathway metabolites with P50 auditory gating in non-smoking patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1036421. [PMID: 36339840 PMCID: PMC9632432 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1036421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to investigate the associations between the serum level of kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites and P50 auditory gating in non-smoking patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FES). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 82 non-smoking patients with FES and 73 healthy controls (HC). P50 auditory gating was measured using a fully functional digital 64-channel EEG system, and the components included S1 amplitude, S2 amplitude, gating ratio (S2/S1), and amplitude difference (S1-S2). Serum levels of kynurenine and kynurenine acid were assessed using a combination of liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Psychopathology was assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). RESULTS The serum kynurenine (251.46 ± 65.93 ng/ml vs. 320.65 ± 65.89 ng/ml, t = -6.38, p < 0.001), and kynurenine acid levels (5.19 ± 2.22 ng/ml vs. 13.26 ± 4.23 ng/ml, t = -14.73, p < 0.001), S1 amplitude [2.88 (1.79, 3.78) μV vs. 3.08 (2.46, 4.56) μV, Z = -2.17, p = 0.030] and S1-S2 [1.60 (0.63, 2.49) μV vs. 1.92 (1.12, 2.93) μV, Z = -2.23, p = 0.026] in patients with FES were significantly lower than those in HC. The serum kynurenine and kynurenine acid levels were negatively associated with S1-S2 (r = -0.32, p = 0.004 and r = -0.42, p < 0.001; respectively) and positively correlated with S2/S1 ratio (r = 0.34, p = 0.002 and r = 0.35, p = 0.002; respectively) in patients. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that neuroactive metabolites of the KP might play an important role in sensory gating deficit in first episode patients with schizophrenia. Furthermore, metabolites of the KP may be a new target for the treatment of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyan Yang
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kebing Yang
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yajuan Niu
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmei Fan
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Song Chen
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingguang Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Shuping Tan
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiren Wang
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghui Tong
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fude Yang
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Yunlong Tan
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
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7
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Oliver W, Parker D, Hetrick W, Clementz BA. Is a paired-stimuli configuration necessary to obtain typical evoked response differences in studies of psychosis? An MEG study. Biomark Neuropsychiatry 2021; 4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bionps.2021.100033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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8
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Acute Stress and Gender Effects in Sensory Gating of the Auditory Evoked Potential in Healthy Subjects. Neural Plast 2021; 2021:8529613. [PMID: 33777136 PMCID: PMC7981181 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8529613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory gating is a neurophysiological measure of inhibition that is characterized by a reduction in the P50, N100, and P200 event-related potentials to a repeated identical stimulus. It was proposed that abnormal sensory gating is involved in the neural pathological basis of some severe mental disorders. Since then, the prevailing application of sensory gating measures has been in the study of neuropathology associated with schizophrenia and so on. However, sensory gating is not only trait-like but can be also state-like, and measures of sensory gating seemed to be affected by several factors in healthy subjects. The objective of this work was to clarify the roles of acute stress and gender in sensory gating. Data showed acute stress impaired inhibition of P50 to the second click in the paired-click paradigm without effects on sensory registration leading to worse P50 sensory gating and disrupted attention allocation reflected by attenuated P200 responses than control condition, without gender effects. As for N100 and P200 gating, women showed slightly better than men without effects of acute stress. Data also showed slightly larger N100 amplitudes across clicks and significant larger P200 amplitude to the first click for women, suggesting that women might be more alert than men.
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9
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Boetzel C, Herrmann CS. Potential targets for the treatment of ADHD using transcranial electrical current stimulation. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2021; 264:151-170. [PMID: 34167654 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric disease with a prevalence of 2%-7.5% among the population. It is characterized by three core symptoms: hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention. Although the majority of ADHD patients respond to a combination of psychotherapy and standard pharmacotherapy with Methylphenidate, there is a significant minority of patients that do not respond to these substances. Additionally, the treatment with Methylphenidate can cause a variety of side effects like insomnia, headache, decreased appetite, and xerostomia. It would be favorable to have an alternative treatment-option that could circumnavigate the shortcomings of traditional pharmacological treatments. Recent results show that transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) might offer a promising approach. Since research has shown that ADHD is associated with various alterations in brain activity, brain stimulation methods targeting different facets of neuronal functions are currently under investigation. In this article, we briefly review different tES techniques like transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) and explain the modes of action of these brain stimulations. We will specifically focus on transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) as a potential method of treating ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Boetzel
- Experimental Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, Cluster of Excellence "Hearing for All," Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Christoph S Herrmann
- Experimental Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, Cluster of Excellence "Hearing for All," Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany; Neuroimaging Unit, European Medical School, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany; Research Center Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany.
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10
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Singh K, Singh S, Malhotra J. Spectral features based convolutional neural network for accurate and prompt identification of schizophrenic patients. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2020; 235:167-184. [PMID: 33124526 DOI: 10.1177/0954411920966937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a fatal mental disorder, which affects millions of people globally by the disturbance in their thinking, feeling and behaviour. In the age of the internet of things assisted with cloud computing and machine learning techniques, the computer-aided diagnosis of schizophrenia is essentially required to provide its patients with an opportunity to own a better quality of life. In this context, the present paper proposes a spectral features based convolutional neural network (CNN) model for accurate identification of schizophrenic patients using spectral analysis of multichannel EEG signals in real-time. This model processes acquired EEG signals with filtering, segmentation and conversion into frequency domain. Then, given frequency domain segments are divided into six distinct spectral bands like delta, theta-1, theta-2, alpha, beta and gamma. The spectral features including mean spectral amplitude, spectral power and Hjorth descriptors (Activity, Mobility and Complexity) are extracted from each band. These features are independently fed to the proposed spectral features-based CNN and long short-term memory network (LSTM) models for classification. This work also makes use of raw time-domain and frequency-domain EEG segments for classification using temporal CNN and spectral CNN models of same architectures respectively. The overall analysis of simulation results of all models exhibits that the proposed spectral features based CNN model is an efficient technique for accurate and prompt identification of schizophrenic patients among healthy individuals with average classification accuracies of 94.08% and 98.56% for two different datasets with optimally small classification time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Singh
- Department of Electronics Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhjeet Singh
- Machinery Fault Diagnostics & Signal Processing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Institute of Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Jyoteesh Malhotra
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Guru Nanak Dev University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
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11
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Atagun MI, Drukker M, Hall MH, Altun IK, Tatli SZ, Guloksuz S, van Os J, van Amelsvoort T. Meta-analysis of auditory P50 sensory gating in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2020; 300:111078. [PMID: 32361172 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The ability of the brain to reduce the amount of trivial or redundant sensory inputs is called gating function. Dysfunction of sensory gating may lead to cognitive fragmentation and poor real-world functioning. The auditory dual-click paradigm is a pertinent neurophysiological measure of sensory gating function. This meta-analysis aimed to examine the subcomponents of abnormal P50 waveforms in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia to assess P50 sensory gating deficits and examine effects of diagnoses, illness states (first-episode psychosis vs. schizophrenia, remission vs. episodes in bipolar disorder), and treatment status (medication-free vs. medicated). Literature search of PubMed between Jan 1st 1980 and March 31st 2019 identified 2091 records for schizophrenia, 362 for bipolar disorder. 115 studies in schizophrenia (4932 patients), 16 in bipolar disorder (975 patients) and 10 in first-degree relatives (848 subjects) met the inclusion criteria. P50 sensory gating ratio (S2/S1) and S1-S2 difference were significantly altered in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and their first-degree relatives. First-episode psychosis did not differ from schizophrenia, however episodes altered P50 sensory gating in bipolar disorder. Medications improve P50 sensory gating alterations in schizophrenia significantly and at trend level in bipolar disorder. Future studies should examine longitudinal course of P50 sensory gating in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Ilhan Atagun
- Department of Psychiatry, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Medical School, Universities Region, Ihsan Dogramaci Boulevard. No: 6, Bilkent, Cankaya, Ankara Turkey.
| | - Marjan Drukker
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Mei Hua Hall
- Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ilkay Keles Altun
- Department of Psychiatry, Bursa Higher Education Training and Education Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
| | | | - Sinan Guloksuz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jim van Os
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht, the Netherlands; King's Health Partners Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Thérèse van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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12
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Nguyen AT, Hetrick WP, O'Donnell BF, Brenner CA. Abnormal beta and gamma frequency neural oscillations mediate auditory sensory gating deficit in schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 124:13-21. [PMID: 32109667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensory gating is a process in which the brain's response to irrelevant and repetitive stimuli is inhibited. The sensory gating deficit in schizophrenia (SZ) is typically measured by the ratio or difference score of the P50 event-related potential (ERP) amplitudes in response to a paired click paradigm. While the P50 gating effect has usually been measured in relation to the peak amplitude of the S1 and S2 P50 ERPs, there is increasing evidence that inhibitory processes may be reflected by evoked or induced oscillatory activity during the inter-click interval in the beta (20-30 Hz) and gamma (30-50 Hz) frequency bands. We therefore examined the relationship between frequency specific activity in the inter-click interval with gating effects in the time and frequency domains. METHOD Paired-auditory stimuli were presented to 131 participants with schizophrenia and 196 healthy controls (HC). P50 ERP amplitudes to S1 and S2as well as averaged- and single-trial beta (20-30 Hz) and gamma (30-50 Hz) frequency power during the inter-click interval were measured from the CZ electrode site. RESULTS In the time domain, P50 gating deficits were apparent in both ratio and difference scores. This effect was mainly due to smaller S1 amplitudes in the patient group. SZ patients exhibited less evoked beta and gamma power, particularly at the 0-100 ms time point, in response to S1. Early (0-100 ms) evoked beta and gamma responses were critical in determining the S1 amplitude and extent of P50 gating across the delay interval for both HC and SZ. CONCLUSION Our findings support a disruption in initial sensory registration in those with SZ, and do not support an active mechanism throughout the delay interval. The degree of response to S1 and early beta and gamma frequency oscillations in the delay interval provides information about the mechanisms supporting auditory sensory gating, and may provide a framework for studying the mechanisms that support sensory inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann T Nguyen
- Loma Linda University, Department of Psychology, 11130 Anderson St., Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - William P Hetrick
- Indiana University, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 1101 East Tenth Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA; Larue D. Carter Hospital, 2601 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN, 46220, USA
| | - Brian F O'Donnell
- Indiana University, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 1101 East Tenth Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA; Larue D. Carter Hospital, 2601 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN, 46220, USA
| | - Colleen A Brenner
- Loma Linda University, Department of Psychology, 11130 Anderson St., Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
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13
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Shen CL, Chou TL, Lai WS, Hsieh MH, Liu CC, Liu CM, Hwu HG. P50, N100, and P200 Auditory Sensory Gating Deficits in Schizophrenia Patients. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:868. [PMID: 33192632 PMCID: PMC7481459 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensory gating describes neurological processes of filtering out redundant or unnecessary stimuli during information processing, and sensory gating deficits may contribute to the symptoms of schizophrenia. Among the three components of auditory event-related potentials reflecting sensory gating, P50 implies pre-attentional filtering of sensory information and N100/P200 reflects attention triggering and allocation processes. Although diminished P50 gating has been extensively documented in patients with schizophrenia, previous studies on N100 were inconclusive, and P200 has been rarely examined. This study aimed to investigate whether patients with schizophrenia have P50, N100, and P200 gating deficits compared with control subjects. METHODS Control subjects and clinically stable schizophrenia patients were recruited. The mid-latency auditory evoked responses, comprising P50, N100, and P200, were measured using the auditory-paired click paradigm without manipulation of attention. Sensory gating parameters included S1 amplitude, S2 amplitude, amplitude difference (S1-S2), and gating ratio (S2/S1). We also evaluated schizophrenia patients with PANSS to be correlated with sensory gating indices. RESULTS One hundred four patients and 102 control subjects were examined. Compared to the control group, schizophrenia patients had significant sensory gating deficits in P50, N100, and P200, reflected by larger gating ratios and smaller amplitude differences. Further analysis revealed that the S2 amplitude of P50 was larger, while the S1 amplitude of N100/P200 was smaller, in schizophrenia patients than in the controls. We found no correlations between sensory gating indices and schizophrenia positive or negative symptom clusters. However, we found a negative correlation between the P200 S2 amplitude and Bell's emotional discomfort factor/Wallwork's depressed factor. CONCLUSION Till date, this study has the largest sample size to analyze P50, N100, and P200 collectively by adopting the passive auditory paired-click paradigm without distractors. With covariates controlled for possible confounds, such as age, education, smoking amount and retained pairs, we found that schizophrenia patients had significant sensory gating deficits in P50-N100-P200. The schizophrenia patients had demonstrated a unique pattern of sensory gating deficits, including repetition suppression deficits in P50 and stimulus registration deficits in N100/200. These results suggest that sensory gating is a pervasive cognitive abnormality in schizophrenia patients that is not limited to the pre-attentive phase of information processing. Since P200 exhibited a large effect size and did not require additional time during recruitment, future studies of P50-N100-P200 collectively are highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Lan Shen
- Department of General Psychiatry, Tsao-Tun Psychiatric Center, Nanto, Taiwan.,Department of Psychology, College of Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Li Chou
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sung Lai
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming H Hsieh
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chung Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Min Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Gwo Hwu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Edgar JC. Identifying electrophysiological markers of autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia against a backdrop of normal brain development. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 74:1-11. [PMID: 31472015 PMCID: PMC10150852 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
An examination of electroencephalographic and magnetoencephalographic studies demonstrates how age-related changes in brain neural function temporally constrain their use as diagnostic markers. A first example shows that, given maturational changes in the resting-state peak alpha frequency in typically developing children but not in children who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD), group differences in alpha-band activity characterize only a subset of children who have ASD. A second example, auditory encoding processes in schizophrenia, shows that the complication of normal age-related brain changes on detecting and interpreting group differences in neural activity is not specific to children. MRI studies reporting group differences in the rate of brain maturation demonstrate that a group difference in brain maturation may be a concern for all diagnostic brain markers. Attention to brain maturation is needed whether one takes a DSM-5 or a Research Domain Criteria approach to research. For example, although there is interest in cross-diagnostic studies comparing brain measures in ASD and schizophrenia, such studies are difficult given that measures are obtained in one group well after and in the other much closer to the onset of symptoms. In addition, given differences in brain activity among infants, toddlers, children, adolescents, and younger and older adults, creating tasks and research designs that produce interpretable findings across the life span and yet allow for development is difficult at best. To conclude, brain imaging findings show an effect of brain maturation on diagnostic markers separate from (and potentially difficult to distinguish from) effects of disease processes. Available research with large samples already provides direction about the age range(s) when diagnostic markers are most robust and informative.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Christopher Edgar
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
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15
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Kim HK, Blumberger DM, Daskalakis ZJ. Neurophysiological Biomarkers in Schizophrenia-P50, Mismatch Negativity, and TMS-EMG and TMS-EEG. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:795. [PMID: 32848953 PMCID: PMC7426515 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired early auditory processing is a well characterized finding in schizophrenia that is theorized to contribute to clinical symptoms, cognitive impairment, and social dysfunction in patients. Two neurophysiological measures of early auditory processing, P50 gating ("P50") and mismatch negativity (MMN), which measure sensory gating and detection of change in auditory stimuli, respectively, are consistently shown to be impaired in patients with schizophrenia. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may also be a potential method by which sensory processing can be assessed, since TMS paradigms can be used to measure GABAB-mediated cortical inhibition that is linked with sensory gating. In this review, we examine the potential of P50, MMN and two TMS paradigms, cortical silent period (CSP) and long-interval intracortical inhibition (LICI), as endophenotypes as well as their ability to be used as predictive markers for interventions targeted at cognitive and psychosocial functioning. Studies consistently support a link between MMN, P50, and cognitive dysfunction, with robust evidence for a link between MMN and psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia as well. Importantly, studies have demonstrated that MMN can be used to predict performance in social and cognitive training tasks. A growing body of studies also supports the potential of MMN to be used as an endophenotype, and future studies are needed to determine if MMN can be used as an endophenotype specifically in schizophrenia. P50, however, has weaker evidence supporting its use as an endophenotype. While CSP and LICI are not as extensively investigated, growing evidence is supporting their potential to be used as an endophenotype in schizophrenia. Future studies that assess the ability of P50, MMN, and TMS neurophysiological measures to predict performance in cognitive and social training programs may identify markers that inform clinical decisions in the treatment of neurocognitive impairments in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena K Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel M Blumberger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zafiris J Daskalakis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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16
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Aleksandrov AA, Dmitrieva ES, Volnova AB, Knyazeva VM, Polyakova NV, Ptukha MA, Gainetdinov RR. Effect of alpha-NETA on auditory event related potentials in sensory gating study paradigm in mice. Neurosci Lett 2019; 712:134470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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17
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Lewine JD, Paulson K, Bangera N, Simon BJ. Exploration of the Impact of Brief Noninvasive Vagal Nerve Stimulation on EEG and Event‐Related Potentials. Neuromodulation 2018; 22:564-572. [DOI: 10.1111/ner.12864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D. Lewine
- The Mind Research Network Albuquerque NM USA
- The Lovelace Family of Companies Albuquerque NM USA
- The Department of Neurology and the Department of PsychologyUniversity of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA
| | - Kim Paulson
- The Mind Research Network Albuquerque NM USA
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18
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Rosburg T. Auditory N100 gating in patients with schizophrenia: A systematic meta-analysis. Clin Neurophysiol 2018; 129:2099-2111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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19
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Hudgens-Haney ME, Ethridge LE, McDowell JE, Keedy SK, Pearlson GD, Tamminga CA, Keshavan MS, Sweeney JA, Clementz BA. Psychosis subgroups differ in intrinsic neural activity but not task-specific processing. Schizophr Res 2018; 195:222-230. [PMID: 28844436 PMCID: PMC5826774 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with psychosis often show high levels of intrinsic, or nonspecific, neural activity, but attenuated stimulus-specific activity. Clementz et al. (2016) proposed that one subgroup of psychosis cases has accentuated intrinsic activity (Biotype-2's) and a different subgroup (Biotype-1's) has diminished intrinsic activity, with both groups exhibiting varying degrees of cognitive deficits. This model was studied by assessing neural activity in psychosis probands (N=105) during baseline and a 5second period in preparation for a pro-/anti-saccade task. Steady-state stimuli allowed real-time assessment of modulation of visuocortical investment to different target locations. Psychosis probands as a whole showed poor antisaccade performance. As expected, Biotype-1 showed diminished intrinsic neural activity and the worst behavior, and Biotype-2 showed accentuated intrinsic activity and less deviant behavior. Both of these groups also exhibited less dynamic oscillatory phase synchrony. Biotype-3 showed no neurophysiological differences from healthy individuals, despite a history of psychosis. Interestingly, all psychosis subgroups showed normal (i.e., not different from healthy) preparatory modulation of visuocortical investment as a function of cognitive demands, despite varying levels of task performance. Similar analyses conducted subgrouping cases by psychotic symptomatology revealed fewer and less consistent differences, including no intrinsic activity differences between any clinical subgroup and healthy individuals. This study illustrates that (i) differences in intrinsic neural activity may be a fundamental characteristic of psychosis and need to be evaluated separately from stimulus-specific responses, and (ii) grouping patients based on multidimensional classification using neurobiological data may have advantages for resolving heterogeneity and clarifying illness mechanisms relative to traditional psychiatric diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E. Hudgens-Haney
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Lauren E. Ethridge
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma,Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma
| | - Jennifer E. McDowell
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Sarah K. Keedy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Godfrey D. Pearlson
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut,Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut
| | | | | | - John A. Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry, UT-Southwestern, Dallas, Texas,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Brett A. Clementz
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia,To whom correspondence should be addressed: Brett A. Clementz, Ph.D. Psychology Department, Psychology Building, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602. , 706-542-2174
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20
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Edgar JC, Fisk CL, Chen YH, Stone-Howell B, Liu S, Hunter MA, Huang M, Bustillo J, Cañive JM, Miller GA. Identifying auditory cortex encoding abnormalities in schizophrenia: The utility of low-frequency versus 40 Hz steady-state measures. Psychophysiology 2018; 55:e13074. [PMID: 29570815 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) and EEG have identified poststimulus low frequency and 40 Hz steady-state auditory encoding abnormalities in schizophrenia (SZ). Negative findings have also appeared. To identify factors contributing to these inconsistencies, healthy control (HC) and SZ group differences were examined in MEG and EEG source space and EEG sensor space, with better group differentiation hypothesized for source than sensor measures given greater predictive utility for source measures. Fifty-five HC and 41 chronic SZ were presented 500 Hz sinusoidal stimuli modulated at 40 Hz during simultaneous whole-head MEG and EEG. MEG and EEG source models using left and right superior temporal gyrus (STG) dipoles estimated trial-to-trial phase similarity and percent change from prestimulus baseline. Group differences in poststimulus low-frequency activity and 40 Hz steady-state response were evaluated. Several EEG sensor analysis strategies were also examined. Poststimulus low-frequency group differences were observed across all methods. Given an age-related decrease in left STG 40 Hz steady-state activity in HC (HC > SZ), 40 Hz steady-state group differences were evident only in younger participants' source measures. Findings thus indicated that optimal data collection and analysis methods depend on the auditory encoding measure of interest. In addition, whereas results indicated that HC and SZ auditory encoding low-frequency group differences are generally comparable across modality and analysis strategy (and thus not dependent on obtaining construct-valid measures of left and right auditory cortex activity), 40 Hz steady-state group-difference findings are much more dependent on analysis strategy, with 40 Hz steady-state source-space findings providing the best group differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Edgar
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Charles L Fisk
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yu-Han Chen
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Breannan Stone-Howell
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Center for Psychiatric Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.,New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Song Liu
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael A Hunter
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Center for Psychiatric Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.,New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Mingxiong Huang
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Radiology, San Diego VA Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Juan Bustillo
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Center for Psychiatric Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - José M Cañive
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Center for Psychiatric Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.,New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Gregory A Miller
- Department of Psychology and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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21
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Geiser E, Retsa C, Knebel JF, Ferrari C, Jenni R, Fournier M, Alameda L, Baumann PS, Clarke S, Conus P, Do KQ, Murray MM. The coupling of low-level auditory dysfunction and oxidative stress in psychosis patients. Schizophr Res 2017; 190:52-59. [PMID: 28189532 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia often present with low-level sensory deficits. It is an open question whether there is a functional link between these deficits and the pathophysiology of the disease, e.g. oxidative stress and glutathione (GSH) metabolism dysregulation. Auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) were recorded from 21 psychosis disorder patients and 30 healthy controls performing an active, auditory oddball task. AEPs to standard sounds were analyzed within an electrical neuroimaging framework. A peripheral measure of participants' redox balance, the ratio of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities (GPx/GR), was correlated with the AEP data. Patients displayed significantly decreased AEPs over the time window of the P50/N100 complex resulting from significantly weaker responses in the left temporo-parietal lobe. The GPx/GR ratio significantly correlated with patients' brain activity during the time window of the P50/N100 in the medial frontal lobe. We show for the first time a direct coupling between electrophysiological indices of AEPs and peripheral redox dysregulation in psychosis patients. This coupling is limited to stages of auditory processing that are impaired relative to healthy controls and suggests a link between biochemical and sensory dysfunction. The data highlight the potential of low-level sensory processing as a trait-marker of psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline Geiser
- Neuropsychology and Neurorehabilitation Service, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Radiodiagnostic Service, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chrysa Retsa
- Neuropsychology and Neurorehabilitation Service, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-François Knebel
- Neuropsychology and Neurorehabilitation Service, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Radiodiagnostic Service, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; The EEG Brain Mapping Core, Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carina Ferrari
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland; Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raoul Jenni
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland; Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Margot Fournier
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luis Alameda
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland; Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland; Psychiatric Liaison Service, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philipp S Baumann
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland; Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Clarke
- Neuropsychology and Neurorehabilitation Service, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Conus
- Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kim Q Do
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Micah M Murray
- Neuropsychology and Neurorehabilitation Service, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Radiodiagnostic Service, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; The EEG Brain Mapping Core, Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Psychiatric Liaison Service, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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22
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Jirakittayakorn N, Wongsawat Y. Brain responses to 40-Hz binaural beat and effects on emotion and memory. Int J Psychophysiol 2017; 120:96-107. [PMID: 28739482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Gamma oscillation plays a role in binding process or sensory integration, a process by which several brain areas beside primary cortex are activated for higher perception of the received stimulus. Beta oscillation is also involved in interpreting received stimulus and occurs following gamma oscillation, and this process is known as gamma-to-beta transition, a process for neglecting unnecessary stimuli in surrounding environment. Gamma oscillation also associates with cognitive functions, memory and emotion. Therefore, modulation of the brain activity can lead to manipulation of cognitive functions. The stimulus used in this study was 40-Hz binaural beat because binaural beat induces frequency following response. This study aimed to investigate the neural oscillation responding to the 40-Hz binaural beat and to evaluate working memory function and emotional states after listening to that stimulus. Two experiments were developed based on the study aims. In the first experiment, electroencephalograms were recorded while participants listened to the stimulus for 30min. The results suggested that frontal, temporal, and central regions were activated within 15min. In the second experiment, word list recall task was conducted before and after listening to the stimulus for 20min. The results showed that, after listening, the recalled words were increase in the working memory portion of the list. Brunel Mood Scale, a questionnaire to evaluate emotional states, revealed changes in emotional states after listening to the stimulus. The emotional results suggested that these changes were consistent with the induced neural oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nantawachara Jirakittayakorn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhorn Pathom 73170, Thailand.
| | - Yodchanan Wongsawat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhorn Pathom 73170, Thailand.
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23
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Coffman BA, Haigh SM, Murphy TK, Salisbury DF. Impairment in Mismatch Negativity but not Repetition Suppression in Schizophrenia. Brain Topogr 2017; 30:521-530. [PMID: 28516227 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-017-0571-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is characterized by impaired auditory-evoked potentials (AEPs), mismatch negativity (MMN), and sensory gating of AEPs to repeated stimuli (repetition suppression, RS). In the predictive modeling framework, MMN and RS reflect encoding of prediction error and model sharpening, respectively. We compared P50, N100, P200 RS, and pitch and duration MMN in 26 participants diagnosed with schizophrenia (SZ) and 26 matched healthy controls (HC), and assessed relationships between MMN, RS, and SZ diagnosis. RS was measured by comparing responses to individual tones presented as 5-tone groups (1 kHz, 75 dB, 50 ms, 5 ms rise/fall times, 330 ms SOA), separated by a 750 ms inter-trial interval. For MMN, the same tones were presented, with occasional pitch (1.2 kHz, 10%) or duration deviants (100 ms, 10%) interspersed. Pitch and duration MMN were reduced in SZ (p < 0.01). There were no group differences in P50 RS, N100 RS, or P200 RS (p's > 0.1). Importantly, although pitch and duration MMN both correlated with RS of AEPs within the MMN time range (p's < 0.01), SZ diagnosis predicted MMN over and above RS (p < 0.05) and shared little variance with RS in prediction of MMN amplitude (tolerance > 0.93). We suggest that reduced MMN in SZ is related to deficits in encoding prediction error but not repetition suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Coffman
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Institute & Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Forbes Ave, Suite 420, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Sarah M Haigh
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Institute & Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Forbes Ave, Suite 420, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Tim K Murphy
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Institute & Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Forbes Ave, Suite 420, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Dean F Salisbury
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Institute & Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Forbes Ave, Suite 420, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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Hudgens-Haney ME, Ethridge LE, Knight JB, McDowell JE, Keedy SK, Pearlson GD, Tamminga CA, Keshavan MS, Sweeney JA, Clementz BA. Intrinsic neural activity differences among psychotic illnesses. Psychophysiology 2017; 54:1223-1238. [PMID: 28419491 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with psychosis have been reported to show either reduced or augmented brain responses under seemingly similar conditions. It is likely that inconsistent baseline-adjustment methods are partly responsible for this discrepancy. Using steady-state stimuli during a pro/antisaccade task, this study addressed the relationship between nonspecific and stimulus-related neural activity, and how these activities are modulated as a function of cognitive demands. In 98 psychosis probands (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder with psychosis), neural activity was assessed during baseline and during a 5-s period in preparation for the pro/antisaccade task. To maximize the ability to identify meaningful differences between psychosis subtypes, analyses were conducted as a function of subgrouping probands by standard clinical diagnoses and neurobiological features. These psychosis "biotypes" were created using brain-based biomarkers, independent of symptomatology (Clementz et al., ). Psychosis probands as a whole showed poor antisaccade performance and diminished baseline oscillatory phase synchrony. Psychosis biotypes differed on both behavioral and brain measures, in ways predicted from Clementz et al. (). Two biotype groups showed similarly deficient behavior and baseline synchrony, despite diametrically opposed neural activity amplitudes. Another biotype subgroup was more similar to healthy individuals on behavioral and brain measures, despite the presence of psychosis. This study provides evidence that (a) consideration of baseline levels of activation and synchrony will be essential for a comprehensive understanding of neural response differences in psychosis, and (b) distinct psychosis subgroups exhibit reduced versus augmented intrinsic neural activity, despite cognitive performance and clinical similarities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Hudgens-Haney
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Lauren E Ethridge
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.,Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma
| | - Justin B Knight
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Jennifer E McDowell
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Sarah K Keedy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Godfrey D Pearlson
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Carol A Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - John A Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Brett A Clementz
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
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25
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Earls HA, Curran T, Mittal V. A Meta-analytic Review of Auditory Event-Related Potential Components as Endophenotypes for Schizophrenia: Perspectives From First-Degree Relatives. Schizophr Bull 2016; 42:1504-1516. [PMID: 27217271 PMCID: PMC5049529 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbw047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As endophenotypes bridge the gap between genetics and phenotypic disease expression, identifying reliable markers is important for fostering understanding of pathophysiology. The present aim was to conduct current meta-analyses of 3 key auditory event-related potential (ERP) components that have been held as potential endophenotypes for schizophrenia: P50, P300 amplitude and latency, and mismatch negativity (MMN), reflective of sensory gating, attention and classification speed, and perceptual discrimination ability, respectively. In order to assess endophenotype viability, these components were examined in unaffected relatives of patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. METHODS Effect sizes (ES) were examined between relatives and controls for P50 suppression (10 studies, n = 360 relatives, 473 controls), P300 amplitude (20 studies, n = 868 relatives, 961 controls), P300 latency (17 studies, n = 674 relatives, 792 controls), and MMN (11 studies, n = 377 relatives, 552 controls). RESULTS Reliable differences in P50 suppression (ES = 0.86, P < .001), P300 amplitude (ES = -0.52, P < .001), and P300 latency (ES = 0.44, P < .05) were found between unaffected relatives and controls. A trend was found between relatives and controls for MMN (ES = 0.21, P = 0.06), and the use of extraneous channels was found to be a significant moderator (P = 0.01). When MMN was analyzed using frontocentral channel Fz, a significant difference was found (ES = 0.26, P < 0.01). DISCUSSION The results indicate that P50 suppression, P300 amplitude and P300 latency, and MMN may serve as viable endophenotypes for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly A. Earls
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Tim Curran
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Vijay Mittal
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
- Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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26
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The relevance of attention in schizophrenia P50 paired stimulus studies. Clin Neurophysiol 2016; 127:2448-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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Greenwood TA, Light GA, Swerdlow NR, Calkins ME, Green MF, Gur RE, Gur RC, Lazzeroni LC, Nuechterlein KH, Olincy A, Radant AD, Seidman LJ, Siever LJ, Silverman JM, Stone WS, Sugar CA, Tsuang DW, Tsuang MT, Turetsky BI, Freedman R, Braff DL. Gating Deficit Heritability and Correlation With Increased Clinical Severity in Schizophrenia Patients With Positive Family History. Am J Psychiatry 2016; 173:385-91. [PMID: 26441157 PMCID: PMC4933520 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15050605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia Family Study evaluated 12 primary and other supplementary neurocognitive and neurophysiological endophenotypes in schizophrenia probands and their families. Previous analyses of prepulse inhibition (PPI) and P50 gating measures in this sample revealed heritability estimates that were lower than expected based on earlier family studies. Here the authors investigated whether gating measures were more heritable in multiply affected families with a positive family history compared with families with only a single affected proband (singleton). METHOD A total of 296 nuclear families consisting of a schizophrenia proband, at least one unaffected sibling, and both parents underwent a comprehensive endophenotype and clinical characterization. The Family Interview for Genetic Studies was administered to all participants and used to obtain convergent psychiatric symptom information for additional first-degree relatives. Among the families, 97 were multiply affected, and 96 were singletons. RESULTS Both PPI and P50 gating displayed substantially increased heritability in the 97 multiply affected families (47% and 36%, respectively) compared with estimates derived from the entire sample of 296 families (29% and 20%, respectively). However, no evidence for heritability was observed for either measure in the 96 singleton families. Schizophrenia probands derived from the multiply affected families also displayed a significantly increased severity of clinical symptoms compared with those from singleton families. CONCLUSIONS PPI and P50 gating measures demonstrate substantially increased heritability in schizophrenia families with a higher genetic vulnerability for illness, providing further support for the commonality of genes underlying both schizophrenia and gating measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregory A. Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System
| | - Neal R. Swerdlow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Monica E. Calkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michael F. Green
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA,VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Raquel E. Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ruben C. Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Laura C. Lazzeroni
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Keith H. Nuechterlein
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ann Olincy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO
| | - Allen D. Radant
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA,VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
| | - Larry J. Seidman
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Larry J. Siever
- Department of Psychiatry, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY,James J. Peters VA Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Jeremy M. Silverman
- Department of Psychiatry, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY,James J. Peters VA Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - William S. Stone
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Catherine A. Sugar
- Department of Biostatistics, University of California Los Angeles School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Debby W. Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA,VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
| | - Ming T. Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA,Center for Behavioral Genomics, and Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA,Harvard Institute of Psychiatric Epidemiology and Genetics, Boston, MA
| | - Bruce I. Turetsky
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Robert Freedman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO
| | - David L. Braff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System
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Hayrynen LK, Hamm JP, Sponheim SR, Clementz BA. Frequency-specific disruptions of neuronal oscillations reveal aberrant auditory processing in schizophrenia. Psychophysiology 2016; 53:786-95. [PMID: 26933842 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with schizophrenia exhibit abnormalities in evoked brain responses in oddball paradigms. These could result from (a) insufficient salience-related cortical signaling (P300), (b) insufficient suppression of irrelevant aspects of the auditory environment, or (c) excessive neural noise. We tested whether disruption of ongoing auditory steady-state responses at predetermined frequencies informed which of these issues contribute to auditory stimulus relevance processing abnormalities in schizophrenia. Magnetoencephalography data were collected for 15 schizophrenia and 15 healthy subjects during an auditory oddball paradigm (25% targets; 1-s interstimulus interval). Auditory stimuli (pure tones: 1 kHz standards, 2 kHz targets) were administered during four continuous background (auditory steady-state) stimulation conditions: (1) no stimulation, (2) 24 Hz, (3) 40 Hz, and (4) 88 Hz. The modulation of the auditory steady-state response (aSSR) and the evoked responses to the transient stimuli were quantified and compared across groups. In comparison to healthy participants, the schizophrenia group showed greater disruption of the ongoing aSSR by targets regardless of steady-state frequency, and reduced amplitude of both M100 and M300 event-related field components. During the no-stimulation condition, schizophrenia patients showed accentuation of left hemisphere 40 Hz response to both standard and target stimuli, indicating an effort to enhance local stimulus processing. Together, these findings suggest abnormalities in auditory stimulus relevance processing in schizophrenia patients stem from insufficient amplification of salient stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren K Hayrynen
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Jordan P Hamm
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Scott R Sponheim
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Brett A Clementz
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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29
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Chen YH, Stone-Howell B, Edgar JC, Huang M, Wootton C, Hunter MA, Lu BY, Sadek JR, Miller GA, Cañive JM. Frontal slow-wave activity as a predictor of negative symptoms, cognition and functional capacity in schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 2016; 208:160-7. [PMID: 26206861 PMCID: PMC4837382 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.156075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased temporal and frontal slow-wave delta (1-4 Hz) and theta (4-7 Hz) activities are the most consistent resting-state neural abnormalities reported in schizophrenia. The frontal lobe is associated with negative symptoms and cognitive abilities such as attention, with negative symptoms and impaired attention associated with poor functional capacity. AIMS To establish whether frontal dysfunction, as indexed by slowing, would be associated with functional impairments. METHOD Eyes-closed magnetoencephalography data were collected in 41 participants with schizophrenia and 37 healthy controls, and frequency-domain source imaging localised delta and theta activity. RESULTS Elevated delta and theta activity in right frontal and right temporoparietal regions was observed in the schizophrenia v. CONTROL GROUP In schizophrenia, right-frontal delta activity was uniquely associated with negative but not positive symptoms. In the full sample, increased right-frontal delta activity predicted poorer attention and functional capacity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that treatment-associated decreases in slow-wave activity could be accompanied by improved functional outcome and thus better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Chen
- Yu-Han Chen, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Breannan Stone-Howell, MS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; J. Christopher Edgar, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Mingxiong Huang, PhD, University of California, San Diego, Department of Radiology, and San Diego VA Healthcare System, Department of Radiology, San Diego, California; Cassandra Wootton, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Michael A. Hunter, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Department of Psychology, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Brett Y. Lu, MD, PhD, The University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Psychiatry, Honolulu, Hawaii; Joseph R. Sadek, PhD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Gregory A. Miller, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, California; José M. Canĩve, MD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Breannan Stone-Howell
- Yu-Han Chen, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Breannan Stone-Howell, MS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; J. Christopher Edgar, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Mingxiong Huang, PhD, University of California, San Diego, Department of Radiology, and San Diego VA Healthcare System, Department of Radiology, San Diego, California; Cassandra Wootton, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Michael A. Hunter, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Department of Psychology, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Brett Y. Lu, MD, PhD, The University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Psychiatry, Honolulu, Hawaii; Joseph R. Sadek, PhD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Gregory A. Miller, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, California; José M. Canĩve, MD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - J Christopher Edgar
- Yu-Han Chen, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Breannan Stone-Howell, MS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; J. Christopher Edgar, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Mingxiong Huang, PhD, University of California, San Diego, Department of Radiology, and San Diego VA Healthcare System, Department of Radiology, San Diego, California; Cassandra Wootton, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Michael A. Hunter, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Department of Psychology, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Brett Y. Lu, MD, PhD, The University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Psychiatry, Honolulu, Hawaii; Joseph R. Sadek, PhD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Gregory A. Miller, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, California; José M. Canĩve, MD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Mingxiong Huang
- Yu-Han Chen, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Breannan Stone-Howell, MS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; J. Christopher Edgar, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Mingxiong Huang, PhD, University of California, San Diego, Department of Radiology, and San Diego VA Healthcare System, Department of Radiology, San Diego, California; Cassandra Wootton, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Michael A. Hunter, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Department of Psychology, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Brett Y. Lu, MD, PhD, The University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Psychiatry, Honolulu, Hawaii; Joseph R. Sadek, PhD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Gregory A. Miller, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, California; José M. Canĩve, MD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Cassandra Wootton
- Yu-Han Chen, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Breannan Stone-Howell, MS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; J. Christopher Edgar, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Mingxiong Huang, PhD, University of California, San Diego, Department of Radiology, and San Diego VA Healthcare System, Department of Radiology, San Diego, California; Cassandra Wootton, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Michael A. Hunter, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Department of Psychology, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Brett Y. Lu, MD, PhD, The University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Psychiatry, Honolulu, Hawaii; Joseph R. Sadek, PhD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Gregory A. Miller, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, California; José M. Canĩve, MD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Michael A Hunter
- Yu-Han Chen, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Breannan Stone-Howell, MS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; J. Christopher Edgar, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Mingxiong Huang, PhD, University of California, San Diego, Department of Radiology, and San Diego VA Healthcare System, Department of Radiology, San Diego, California; Cassandra Wootton, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Michael A. Hunter, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Department of Psychology, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Brett Y. Lu, MD, PhD, The University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Psychiatry, Honolulu, Hawaii; Joseph R. Sadek, PhD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Gregory A. Miller, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, California; José M. Canĩve, MD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Brett Y Lu
- Yu-Han Chen, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Breannan Stone-Howell, MS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; J. Christopher Edgar, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Mingxiong Huang, PhD, University of California, San Diego, Department of Radiology, and San Diego VA Healthcare System, Department of Radiology, San Diego, California; Cassandra Wootton, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Michael A. Hunter, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Department of Psychology, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Brett Y. Lu, MD, PhD, The University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Psychiatry, Honolulu, Hawaii; Joseph R. Sadek, PhD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Gregory A. Miller, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, California; José M. Canĩve, MD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Joseph R Sadek
- Yu-Han Chen, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Breannan Stone-Howell, MS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; J. Christopher Edgar, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Mingxiong Huang, PhD, University of California, San Diego, Department of Radiology, and San Diego VA Healthcare System, Department of Radiology, San Diego, California; Cassandra Wootton, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Michael A. Hunter, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Department of Psychology, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Brett Y. Lu, MD, PhD, The University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Psychiatry, Honolulu, Hawaii; Joseph R. Sadek, PhD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Gregory A. Miller, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, California; José M. Canĩve, MD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Gregory A Miller
- Yu-Han Chen, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Breannan Stone-Howell, MS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; J. Christopher Edgar, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Mingxiong Huang, PhD, University of California, San Diego, Department of Radiology, and San Diego VA Healthcare System, Department of Radiology, San Diego, California; Cassandra Wootton, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Michael A. Hunter, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Department of Psychology, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Brett Y. Lu, MD, PhD, The University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Psychiatry, Honolulu, Hawaii; Joseph R. Sadek, PhD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Gregory A. Miller, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, California; José M. Canĩve, MD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - José M Cañive
- Yu-Han Chen, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Breannan Stone-Howell, MS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; J. Christopher Edgar, PhD, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia; Mingxiong Huang, PhD, University of California, San Diego, Department of Radiology, and San Diego VA Healthcare System, Department of Radiology, San Diego, California; Cassandra Wootton, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Michael A. Hunter, BS, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Department of Psychology, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Brett Y. Lu, MD, PhD, The University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Psychiatry, Honolulu, Hawaii; Joseph R. Sadek, PhD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Gregory A. Miller, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, California; José M. Canĩve, MD, New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, and The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Bertrand A. Distributed Signal Processing for Wireless EEG Sensor Networks. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2015; 23:923-35. [DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2015.2418351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Stimulus train duration but not attention moderates γ-band entrainment abnormalities in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2015; 165:97-102. [PMID: 25868936 PMCID: PMC5538018 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Electroencephalographic (EEG) studies of auditory steady-state responses (aSSRs) non-invasively probe gamma-band (40-Hz) oscillatory capacity in sensory cortex with high signal-to-noise ratio. Consistent reports of reduced 40-Hz aSSRs in persons with schizophrenia (SZ) indicate its potential as an efficient biomarker for the disease, but studies have been limited to passive or indirect listening contexts with stereotypically short (500ms) stimulus trains. An inability to modulate sensorineural processing in accord with behavioral goals or within the sensory environmental context may represent a fundamental deficit in SZ, but whether and how this deficit relates to reduced aSSRs is unknown. We systematically varied stimulus duration and attentional contexts to further mature the 40-Hz aSSR as biomarker for future translational or mechanistic studies. Eighteen SZ and 18 healthy subjects (H) were presented binaural pure-tones with or without sinusoidal amplitude modulation at 40-Hz. Stimulus duration (500-ms or 1500-ms) and attention (via a button press task) were varied across 4 separate blocks. Evoked potentials recorded with dense-array EEGs were analyzed in the time-frequency domain. SZ displayed reduced 40-Hz aSSRs to typical stimulation parameters, replicating previous findings. In H, aSSRs were reduced when stimuli were presented in longer trains and were slightly enhanced by attention. Only the former modulation was impaired in SZ and correlated with sensory discrimination performance. Thus, gamma-band aSSRs are modulated by both attentional and stimulus duration contexts, but only modulations related to physical stimulus properties are abnormal in SZ, supporting its status as a biomarker of psychotic perceptual disturbance involving non-attentional sensori-cortical circuits.
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Dalecki A, Johnstone SJ, Croft RJ. Clarifying the functional process represented by P50 suppression. Int J Psychophysiol 2015; 96:149-54. [PMID: 25913093 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
P50 suppression refers to the amplitude-reduction of the P50 event related potential to the second (S2) relative to the first (S1) of identical auditory stimuli presented 500ms apart. Theory suggests that refractory periods (RPs) and/or inhibitory inputs (II) underlie P50 suppression. The present study manipulated interval between stimulus pairs (IPI: 2, 8s) and direction of participants' attention (Attention, Non-Attention) in order to determine which theory best explains P50 suppression. The rationale is that: 1/ RP and II predict opposite effects of manipulating the functionality of the mechanism responsible for S2P50 suppression (e.g. reducing function would increase S2P50 according to the II and decrease S2P50 according to the RP hypothesis); 2/ IPI2 (relative to IPI8) will reduce functionality of the mechanism responsible for S2P50 suppression, as it results in less recovery of (and a greater challenge to) that mechanism - RP would thus predict reduced S2P50, whereas II would predict enhanced S2P50 amplitude; and 3/ where the mechanism responsible for S2P50 suppression is challenged (i.e. at IPI2, due to insufficient recovery), Attention (relative to Non-Attention) will enhance functionality of this mechanism - RP would thus predict increased S2P50, whereas II would predict reduced S2P50 amplitude. In the Non-Attention paradigm, reducing IPI from 8 to 2s tended to increase S2P50 amplitude (and consequently impaired P50 suppression), and in the 2s IPI paradigm, directing attention towards the stimuli reduced S2P50 amplitude (and improved P50 suppression), with both effects supporting the II hypothesis only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dalecki
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, Australia
| | | | - Rodney J Croft
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, Australia.
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Hazlett EA, Rothstein EG, Ferreira R, Silverman JM, Siever LJ, Olincy A. Sensory gating disturbances in the spectrum: similarities and differences in schizotypal personality disorder and schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2015; 161:283-90. [PMID: 25482574 PMCID: PMC4308515 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DSM-5 places schizophrenia on a continuum from severe, chronic schizophrenia to the attenuated schizophrenia-like traits of schizotypal personality disorder (SPD), the prototypic schizophrenia-related personality disorder. SPD shares common genetic and neurobiological substrates with schizophrenia, including information processing abnormalities, although they are less marked. This is the first study to directly compare the P50 evoked electroencephalographic response-a measure of sensory gating and a neurophysiological endophenotype-between schizophrenia-spectrum groups. Two hypotheses were tested: (1) Compared with healthy controls (HCs), schizophrenia patients show reduced P50 suppression and SPD patients resemble schizophrenia but exhibit less marked deficits; and (2) Deficient P50 suppression in SPD is associated with greater clinical symptom severity. METHODS P50 was assessed in 32 schizophrenia-spectrum disorder patients (12 SPD, 20 schizophrenia patients) and 25 demographically-matched HCs. The standard conditioning (C)-testing (T) paradigm was used and P50 suppression was quantified using the T-C difference and the T/C ratio. RESULTS All P50 measures showed a linear, stepwise pattern with the SPD group intermediate between the HC and schizophrenia groups. Compared with HCs, both patient groups had lower conditioning and T-C difference values. Among the SPD group, greater clinical symptom severity was associated with greater conditioning-response amplitude deficits. CONCLUSION These findings: (1) are novel in showing that P50 deficits in SPD resemble those observed in schizophrenia, albeit less marked; (2) support the concept that the phenomenological link between SPD and schizophrenia lies in shared neurocognitive/neurophysiological pathologies; and (3) provide evidence that P50 is a neurophysiological endophenotype for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin A. Hazlett
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY,Research and Development, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY,Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN3), James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY,Corresponding Author: Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN3), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Room 6A-44, Bronx, NY, 10468, United States, Phone: 718-584-9000 x3701; Fax: 718-364-3576,
| | - Ethan G. Rothstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Rui Ferreira
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Jeremy M. Silverman
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY,Research and Development, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Larry J. Siever
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY,Research and Development, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY,Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN3), James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Ann Olincy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado, Denver, CO
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Madsen GF, Bilenberg N, Jepsen JR, Glenthøj B, Cantio C, Oranje B. Normal P50 Gating in Children with Autism, Yet Attenuated P50 Amplitude in the Asperger Subcategory. Autism Res 2015; 8:371-8. [PMID: 25599888 DOI: 10.1002/aur.1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and schizophrenia are separate disorders, but there is evidence of conversion or comorbid overlap. The objective of this paper was to explore whether deficits in sensory gating, as seen in some schizophrenia patients, can also be found in a group of ASD children compared to neurotypically developed children. An additional aim was to investigate the possibility of subdividing our ASD sample based on these gating deficits. In a case-control design, we assessed gating of the P50 and N100 amplitude in 31 ASD children and 39 healthy matched controls (8-12 years) and screened for differences between groups and within the ASD group. We did not find disturbances in auditory P50 and N100 filtering in the group of ASD children as a whole, nor did we find abnormal P50 and N100 amplitudes. However, the P50 amplitude to the conditioning stimulus was significantly reduced in the Asperger subgroup compared to healthy controls. In contrast to what is usually reported for patients with schizophrenia, we found no evidence for sensory gating deficits in our group of ASD children taken as a whole. However, reduced P50 amplitude to conditioning stimuli was found in the Asperger group, which is similar to what has been described in some studies in schizophrenia patients. There was a positive correlation between the P50 amplitude of the conditioning stimuli and anxiety score in the pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified group, which indicates a relation between anxiety and sensory registration in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitte Falcher Madsen
- From the Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Odense, Research Unit (University function), Mental Health Services in Region of Southern Denmark, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark
| | - Niels Bilenberg
- From the Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Odense, Research Unit (University function), Mental Health Services in Region of Southern Denmark, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt Jepsen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Copenhagen University Hospital, Psychiatric Center Glostrup, Denmark.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen.,Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birte Glenthøj
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Copenhagen University Hospital, Psychiatric Center Glostrup, Denmark.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen
| | - Cathriona Cantio
- From the Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Odense, Research Unit (University function), Mental Health Services in Region of Southern Denmark, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark
| | - Bob Oranje
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Copenhagen University Hospital, Psychiatric Center Glostrup, Denmark.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen
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Event-related potential and time-frequency endophenotypes for schizophrenia and psychotic bipolar disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2015; 77:127-36. [PMID: 24923619 PMCID: PMC5314434 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The investigators compared event-related potential (ERP) amplitudes and event-related oscillations across a broad frequency range during an auditory oddball task using a comprehensive analysis approach to describe shared and unique neural auditory processing characteristics among healthy subjects (HP), schizophrenia probands (SZ) and their first-degree relatives, and bipolar disorder I with psychosis probands (BDP) and their first-degree relatives. METHODS This Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes sample consisted of clinically stable SZ (n = 229) and BDP (n = 188), HP (n = 284), first-degree relatives of schizophrenia probands (n = 264), and first-degree relatives of bipolar disorder I with psychosis probands (n = 239). They were administered an auditory oddball task in the electroencephalography environment. Principal components analysis derived data-driven frequency bands evoked power. Spatial principal components analysis reduced ERP and frequency data to component waveforms for each subject. Clusters of time bins with significant group differences on response magnitude were assessed for proband/relative differences from HP and familiality. RESULTS Nine variables survived a linear discriminant analysis between HP, SZ, and BDP. Of those, two showed evidence (deficit in relatives and familiality) as genetic risk markers more specific to SZ (N1, P3b), one was specific to BDP (P2) and one for psychosis in general (N2). CONCLUSIONS This study supports for both shared and unique deficits in early sensory and late cognitive processing across psychotic diagnostic groups. Additional ERP and time-frequency component alterations (frontal N2/P2, late high, early, mid, and low frequency) may provide insight into deficits in underlying neural architecture and potential protective/compensatory mechanisms in unaffected relatives.
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Knott V, Smith D, de la Salle S, Impey D, Choueiry J, Beaudry E, Smith M, Saghir S, Ilivitsky V, Labelle A. CDP-choline: effects of the procholine supplement on sensory gating and executive function in healthy volunteers stratified for low, medium and high P50 suppression. J Psychopharmacol 2014; 28:1095-108. [PMID: 25315828 DOI: 10.1177/0269881114553254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diminished auditory sensory gating and associated neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia have been linked to altered expression and function of the alpha-7 nicotinic acetycholinergic receptor (α7 nAChR), the targeting of which may have treatment potential. Choline is a selective α7 nAChR agonist and the aim of this study was to determine whether cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline), or citicoline, a dietary source of choline, increases sensory gating and cognition in healthy volunteers stratified for gating level. In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind design involving acute administration of low, moderate doses (500 mg, 1000 mg) of CDP-choline, 24 healthy volunteers were assessed for auditory gating as indexed by suppression of the P50 event-related potential (ERP) in a paired-stimulus (S1, S2) paradigm, and for executive function as measured by the Groton Maze Learning Task (GMLT) of the CogState Schizophrenia Battery. CDP-choline improved gating (1000 mg) and suppression of the S2 P50 response (500 mg, 1000 mg), with the effects being selective for individuals with low gating (suppression) levels. Tentative support was also shown for increased GMLT performance (500 mg) in low suppressors. These preliminary findings with CDP-choline in a healthy, schizophrenia-like surrogate sample are consistent with a α7 nAChR mechanism and support further trials with choline as a pro-cognitive strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verner Knott
- Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dylan Smith
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Danielle Impey
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Joelle Choueiry
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Elise Beaudry
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Meaghan Smith
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Salman Saghir
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Vadim Ilivitsky
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Alain Labelle
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Carolus AM, Schubring D, Popov TG, Popova P, Miller GA, Rockstroh BS. Functional cognitive and cortical abnormalities in chronic and first-admission schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2014; 157:40-7. [PMID: 24933246 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Evoked and induced event-related neural oscillations have recently been proposed as a key mechanism supporting higher-order cognition. Cognitive decay and abnormal electromagnetic sensory gating reliably distinguish schizophrenia (SZ) patients and healthy individuals, demonstrated in chronic (CHR) and first-admission (FA) patients. Not yet determined is whether altered event-related modulation of oscillatory activity is manifested at early stages of SZ, thus reflects and perhaps embodies the development of psychopathology, and provides a mechanism for the gating deficit. The present study compared behavioral and functional brain measures in CHR and FA samples. Cognitive test performance (MATRICS Consortium Cognitive Battery, MCCB), neuromagnetic event-related fields (M50 gating ratio), and oscillatory dynamics (evoked and induced modulation of 8-12Hz alpha) during a paired-click task were assessed in 35 CHR and 31 FA patients meeting the criteria for ICD-10 diagnoses of schizophrenia as well as 28 healthy comparison subjects (HC). Both patient groups displayed poorer cognitive performance, higher M50 ratio (poorer sensory gating), and less induced modulation of alpha activity than did HC. Induced alpha power decrease in bilateral posterior regions varied with M50 ratio in HC but not SZ, whereas orbitofrontal alpha power decrease was related to M50 ratio in SZ but not HC. Results suggest disruption of oscillatory dynamics at early stages of illness, which may contribute to deficient information sampling, memory updating, and higher cognitive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Petia Popova
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Gregory A Miller
- Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, UCLA, USA; Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, USA.
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Ivleva EI, Moates AF, Hamm JP, Bernstein IH, O’Neill HB, Cole D, Clementz BA, Thaker GK, Tamminga CA. Smooth pursuit eye movement, prepulse inhibition, and auditory paired stimuli processing endophenotypes across the schizophrenia-bipolar disorder psychosis dimension. Schizophr Bull 2014; 40:642-52. [PMID: 23599252 PMCID: PMC3984505 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbt047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined smooth pursuit eye movement (SPEM), prepulse inhibition (PPI), and auditory event-related potentials (ERP) to paired stimuli as putative endophenotypes of psychosis across the schizophrenia-bipolar disorder dimension. METHODS Sixty-four schizophrenia probands (SZP), 40 psychotic bipolar I disorder probands (BDP), 31 relatives of SZP (SZR), 26 relatives of BDP (BDR), and 53 healthy controls (HC) were tested. Standard clinical characterization, SPEM, PPI, and ERP measures were administered. RESULTS There were no differences between either SZP and BDP or SZR and BDR on any of the SPEM, PPI, or ERP measure. Compared with HC, SZP and BDP had lower SPEM maintenance and predictive pursuit gain and ERP theta/alpha and beta magnitudes to the initial stimulus. PPI did not differ between the psychosis probands and HC. Compared with HC, SZR and BDR had lower predictive pursuit gain and ERP theta/alpha and beta magnitudes to the first stimulus with differences ranging from a significant to a trend level. Neither active symptoms severity nor concomitant medications were associated with neurophysiological outcomes. SPEM, PPI, and ERP scores had low intercorrelations. CONCLUSION These findings support SPEM predictive pursuit and lower frequency auditory ERP activity in a paired stimuli paradigm as putative endophenotypes of psychosis common to SZ and BD probands and relatives. PPI did not differ between the psychosis probands and HC. Future studies in larger scale psychosis family samples targeting putative psychosis endophenotypes and underlying molecular and genetic mediators may aid in the development of biology-based diagnostic definitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena I. Ivleva
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX;,*To whom correspondence should be addressed; 6363 Forest Park Road, BL6.106, Dallas, TX 75390-8828, US; tel: 214-648-0843, fax: 214-648-5321, e-mail:
| | - Amanda F. Moates
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Jordan P. Hamm
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Ira H. Bernstein
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Hugh B. O’Neill
- Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Darwynn Cole
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Brett A. Clementz
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Gunvant K. Thaker
- Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Carol A. Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Hamm JP, Ethridge LE, Boutros NN, Keshavan MS, Sweeney JA, Pearlson GD, Tamminga CA, Clementz BA. Diagnostic specificity and familiality of early versus late evoked potentials to auditory paired stimuli across the schizophrenia-bipolar psychosis spectrum. Psychophysiology 2014; 51:348-57. [PMID: 24660885 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Disrupted sensory processing is a core feature of psychotic disorders. Auditory paired stimuli (PS) evoke a complex neural response, but it is uncertain which aspects reflect shared and/or distinct liability for the most common severe psychoses, schizophrenia (SZ) and psychotic bipolar disorder (BDP). Evoked time-voltage/time-frequency domain responses quantified with EEG during a typical PS paradigm (S1-S2) were compared among proband groups (SZ [n = 232], BDP [181]), their relatives (SZrel [259], BDPrel [220]), and healthy participants (H [228]). Early S1-evoked responses were reduced in SZ and BDP, while later/S2 abnormalities showed SZ/SZrel and BDP/BDPrel specificity. Relatives' effects were absent/small despite significant familiality of the entire auditorineural response. This pattern suggests general and divergent biological pathways associated with psychosis, yet may reflect complications with conditioning solely on clinical phenomenology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan P Hamm
- Department of Psychology, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Department of Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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Gooding DC, Gjini K, Burroughs SA, Boutros NN. The association between psychosis proneness and sensory gating in cocaine-dependent patients and healthy controls. Psychiatry Res 2013; 210:1092-100. [PMID: 24064464 PMCID: PMC3840098 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This was a naturalistic study of 23 abstinent cocaine-dependent patients and 38 controls who were studied using a paired-stimulus paradigm to elicit three mid-latency auditory evoked responses (MLAERs), namely, the P50, N100, and P200. Sensory gating was defined as the ratio of the S2 amplitude to the S1 amplitude. Psychosis-proneness was assessed using four Chapman psychosis proneness scales measuring perceptual aberration, magical ideation, social anhedonia, and physical anhedonia. Omnibus correlations based upon the entire sample revealed significant and differential relationships between the MLAER components and psychosis-proneness. Social Anhedonia scale scores accounted for the largest proportion of variance in the P50 gating ratio, while Perceptual Aberration scores accounted for the largest proportion of variance in P200 gating. Psychosis proneness and sensory gating appear to be associated. In particular, poorer P50 gating is related to higher scores on the Social Anhedonia scale in healthy controls and across mixed samples of cocainede-pendent patients and controls. These findings hold significance for the further understanding of the relationship between deficient sensory gating ability and the propensity to developing psychotic symptoms in a vulnerable population like cocaine-dependent individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane C Gooding
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Psychology, 1202 West Johnson Street, Madison, WI 53706, United States; University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Psychiatry, Madison, WI, United States.
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Edgar JC, Chen YH, Lanza M, Howell B, Chow VY, Heiken K, Liu S, Wootton C, Hunter MA, Huang M, Miller GA, Cañive JM. Cortical thickness as a contributor to abnormal oscillations in schizophrenia? NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2013; 4:122-9. [PMID: 24371794 PMCID: PMC3871288 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Although brain rhythms depend on brain structure (e.g., gray and white matter), to our knowledge associations between brain oscillations and structure have not been investigated in healthy controls (HC) or in individuals with schizophrenia (SZ). Observing function–structure relationships, for example establishing an association between brain oscillations (defined in terms of amplitude or phase) and cortical gray matter, might inform models on the origins of psychosis. Given evidence of functional and structural abnormalities in primary/secondary auditory regions in SZ, the present study examined how superior temporal gyrus (STG) structure relates to auditory STG low-frequency and 40 Hz steady-state activity. Given changes in brain activity as a function of age, age-related associations in STG oscillatory activity were also examined. Methods Thirty-nine individuals with SZ and 29 HC were recruited. 40 Hz amplitude-modulated tones of 1 s duration were presented. MEG and T1-weighted sMRI data were obtained. Using the sources localizing 40 Hz evoked steady-state activity (300 to 950 ms), left and right STG total power and inter-trial coherence were computed. Time–frequency group differences and associations with STG structure and age were also examined. Results Decreased total power and inter-trial coherence in SZ were observed in the left STG for initial post-stimulus low-frequency activity (~ 50 to 200 ms, ~ 4 to 16 Hz) as well as 40 Hz steady-state activity (~ 400 to 1000 ms). Left STG 40 Hz total power and inter-trial coherence were positively associated with left STG cortical thickness in HC, not in SZ. Left STG post-stimulus low-frequency and 40 Hz total power were positively associated with age, again only in controls. Discussion Left STG low-frequency and steady-state gamma abnormalities distinguish SZ and HC. Disease-associated damage to STG gray matter in schizophrenia may disrupt the age-related left STG gamma-band function–structure relationships observed in controls. Associations between brain oscillations and structure were investigated in SZ The present study examined how superior temporal gyrus (STG) structure and agerelate to auditory STG low-frequency and 40 Hz steady-state activity Decreased total power and inter-trial coherence in SZ were observed in the left STG for early low-frequency activity (~ 50 to 200 ms, ~ 4 to 16 Hz) as well as 40 Hz steady-state activity (~ 400 to 1000 ms) Left STG 40 Hz total power and inter-trial coherence were positively associated with left STG cortical thickness in HC, not in SZ Disease-associated damage to STG gray matter in schizophrenia may disrupt the age-related left STG function-structure relationships observed in controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Christopher Edgar
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yu-Han Chen
- The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Research, Albuquerque, NM, USA ; New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Matthew Lanza
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Breannan Howell
- The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Research, Albuquerque, NM, USA ; New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Vivian Y Chow
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kory Heiken
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Song Liu
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cassandra Wootton
- The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Research, Albuquerque, NM, USA ; New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Michael A Hunter
- The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Research, Albuquerque, NM, USA ; New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Mingxiong Huang
- The University of California San Diego, Department of Radiology, San Diego, CA, USA ; San Diego VA Healthcare System, Department of Radiology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gregory A Miller
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, USA
| | - José M Cañive
- The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Research, Albuquerque, NM, USA ; New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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Johannesen JK, O’Donnell BF, Shekhar A, McGrew JH, Hetrick WP. Diagnostic specificity of neurophysiological endophenotypes in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Schizophr Bull 2013; 39:1219-29. [PMID: 22927673 PMCID: PMC3796068 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbs093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The utility of an endophenotype depends on its ability to reduce complex disorders into stable, genetically linked phenotypes. P50 and P300 event-related potential (ERP) measures are endophenotype candidates for schizophrenia; however, their abnormalities are broadly observed across neuropsychiatric disorders. This study examined the diagnostic efficiency of P50 and P300 in schizophrenia as compared with healthy and bipolar disorder samples. Supplemental ERP measures and a multivariate classification approach were evaluated as methods to improve specificity. METHODS Diagnostic classification was first modeled in schizophrenia (SZ = 50) and healthy normal (HN = 50) samples using hierarchical logistic regression with predictors blocked by 4 levels of analysis: (1) P50 suppression, P300 amplitude, and P300 latency; (2) N100 amplitude; (3) evoked spectral power; and (4) P50 and P300 hemispheric asymmetry. The optimal model was cross-validated in a holdout sample (SZ = 34, HN = 31) and tested against a bipolar (BP = 50) sample. RESULTS P50 and P300 endophenotypes classified SZ from HN with 71% accuracy (sensitivity = .70, specificity = .72) but did not differentiate SZ from BP above chance level. N100 and spectral power measures improved classification accuracy of SZ vs HN to 79% (sensitivity = .78, specificity = .80) and SZ vs BP to 72% (sensitivity = .74, specificity = .70). Cross validation analyses supported the stability of these models. CONCLUSIONS Although traditional P50 and P300 measures failed to differentiate schizophrenia from bipolar participants, N100 and evoked spectral power measures added unique variance to classification models and improved accuracy to nearly the same level achieved in comparison of schizophrenia to healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason K. Johannesen
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of PsychiatryNew Haven, CT;,VA Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest Haven, CT;,To whom correspondence should be addressed; VA Connecticut Health Care System, Psychology Service 116-B, 950 Campbell Ave, West Haven, CT 06516, US; tel: 203-932-5711 ext. 2224, fax: 203-937-4735; e-mail:
| | - Brian F. O’Donnell
- Indiana University, Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesBloomington, IN; ,Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of PsychiatryIndianapolis, IN;,Larue D. Carter Memorial HospitalIndianapolis, IN
| | - Anantha Shekhar
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of PsychiatryIndianapolis, IN;,Larue D. Carter Memorial HospitalIndianapolis, IN
| | - John H. McGrew
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Department of PsychologyIndianapolis, IN
| | - William P. Hetrick
- Indiana University, Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesBloomington, IN; ,Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of PsychiatryIndianapolis, IN;,Larue D. Carter Memorial HospitalIndianapolis, IN
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43
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Hamm JP, Ethridge LE, Shapiro JR, Pearlson GD, Tamminga CA, Sweeney JA, Keshavan MS, Thaker GK, Clementz BA. Family history of psychosis moderates early auditory cortical response abnormalities in non-psychotic bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2013; 15:774-86. [PMID: 23941660 PMCID: PMC5551040 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bipolar I disorder is a disabling illness affecting 1% of people worldwide. Family and twin studies suggest that psychotic bipolar disorder (BDP) represents a homogeneous subgroup with an etiology distinct from non-psychotic bipolar disorder (BDNP) and partially shared with schizophrenia. Studies of auditory electrophysiology [e.g., paired-stimulus and oddball measured with electroencephalography (EEG)] consistently report deviations in psychotic groups (schizophrenia, BDP), yet such studies comparing BDP and BDNP are sparse and, in some cases, conflicting. Auditory EEG responses are significantly reduced in unaffected relatives of psychosis patients, suggesting that they may relate to both psychosis liability and expression. METHODS While 64-sensor EEGs were recorded, age- and gender-matched samples of 70 BDP, 35 BDNP {20 with a family history of psychosis [BDNP(+)]}, and 70 psychiatrically healthy subjects were presented with typical auditory paired-stimuli and auditory oddball paradigms. RESULTS Oddball P3b reductions were present and indistinguishable across all patient groups. P2s to paired stimuli were abnormal only in BDP and BDNP(+). Conversely, N1 reductions to stimuli in both paradigms and P3a reductions were present in both BDP and BDNP(-) groups but were absent in BDNP(+). CONCLUSIONS Although nearly all auditory neural response components studied were abnormal in BDP, BDNP abnormalities at early- and mid-latencies were moderated by family psychosis history. The relationship between psychosis expression, heritable psychosis risk, and neurophysiology within bipolar disorder, therefore, may be complex. Consideration of such clinical disease heterogeneity may be important for future investigations of the pathophysiology of major psychiatric disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan P Hamm
- Department of Psychology, Bioimaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA,Department of Neuroscience, Bioimaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Lauren E Ethridge
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX
| | - John R Shapiro
- Department of Psychology, Bioimaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA,Department of Neuroscience, Bioimaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Godfrey D Pearlson
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT,Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT
| | - Carol A Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX
| | - John A Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX
| | - Matcheri S Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston MA
| | - Gunvant K Thaker
- Department of Psychiatry, MPRC, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brett A Clementz
- Department of Psychology, Bioimaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA,Department of Neuroscience, Bioimaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
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Wang J, Barstein J, Ethridge LE, Mosconi MW, Takarae Y, Sweeney JA. Resting state EEG abnormalities in autism spectrum disorders. J Neurodev Disord 2013; 5:24. [PMID: 24040879 PMCID: PMC3847481 DOI: 10.1186/1866-1955-5-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of complex and heterogeneous developmental disorders involving multiple neural system dysfunctions. In an effort to understand neurophysiological substrates, identify etiopathophysiologically distinct subgroups of patients, and track outcomes of novel treatments with translational biomarkers, EEG (electroencephalography) studies offer a promising research strategy in ASD. Resting-state EEG studies of ASD suggest a U-shaped profile of electrophysiological power alterations, with excessive power in low-frequency and high-frequency bands, abnormal functional connectivity, and enhanced power in the left hemisphere of the brain. In this review, we provide a summary of recent findings, discuss limitations in available research that may contribute to inconsistencies in the literature, and offer suggestions for future research in this area for advancing the understanding of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jamie Barstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lauren E Ethridge
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Matthew W Mosconi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yukari Takarae
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John A Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA.,Center for Autism Spectrum Disorders, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
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Knott V, de la Salle S, Smith D, Phillipe T, Dort H, Choueiry J, Impey D. Baseline dependency of nicotine's sensory gating actions: similarities and differences in low, medium and high P50 suppressors. J Psychopharmacol 2013; 27:790-800. [PMID: 23744798 DOI: 10.1177/0269881113490449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Reduced suppression of the P50 auditory event-related potential in schizophrenia patients relative to normal controls is indicative of a sensory gating deficit and is one of the most robust findings reported for functional brain abnormalities in this disorder. However, there is considerable gating variability in patients and controls and there is little understanding as to how inter-individual differences moderate gating responses to drugs and nicotinic agonists in particular, which have shown potential to reverse gating deficits. In this study the effects of acutely administered nicotine (gum, 6 mg) on sensory gating in a paired (S₁-S₂) auditory stimulus paradigm were investigated in 57 healthy, non-smoking volunteers stratified as low (n = 19), medium (n = 19) and high (n = 19) P50 suppressors on the basis of three separate baseline derived gating indices, P50 ratios, P50 difference scores, and gating difference waveforms. Relative to placebo, nicotine consistently improved gating in low suppressors as stratified with all three gating indices, exerted no effects in medium suppressors and reduced gating in high suppressors. Analysis of individual stimulus (S₂, S₂) amplitudes showed distinctly different mechanisms of action underlying nicotine effects in individuals with low and high baseline suppression. The results parallel similar findings of baseline-dependency in the gating effects of several antipsychotic drugs in healthy volunteers and support the use of group segmentation as a translational model in novel cognitive drug development for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verner Knott
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Canada.
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46
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Broyd SJ, Greenwood LM, Croft RJ, Dalecki A, Todd J, Michie PT, Johnstone SJ, Solowij N. Chronic effects of cannabis on sensory gating. Int J Psychophysiol 2013; 89:381-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Rihs TA, Tomescu MI, Britz J, Rochas V, Custo A, Schneider M, Debbané M, Eliez S, Michel CM. Altered auditory processing in frontal and left temporal cortex in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: a group at high genetic risk for schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2013; 212:141-9. [PMID: 23137800 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate electroencephalographic (EEG) biomarkers of auditory processing for schizophrenia, we studied a group with a well known high-risk profile: patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11 DS) have a 30% risk of developing schizophrenia during adulthood. We performed high-density EEG source imaging to measure auditory gating of the P50 component of the evoked potential and middle to late latency auditory processing in 21 participants with the 22q11.2 deletion and 17 age-matched healthy controls. While we found no indication of altered P50 suppression in 22q11 DS, we observed marked differences for the first N1 component with increased amplitudes on central electrodes, corresponding to increased activations in dorsal anterior cingulate and medial frontal cortex. We also found a left lateralized reduction of activation of primary and secondary auditory cortex during the second N1 (120ms) and the P2 component in 22q11 DS. Our results show that sensory gating and activations until 50ms were preserved in 22q11 DS, while impairments appear at latencies that correspond to higher order auditory processing. While the increased activation of cingulate and medial frontal cortex could reflect developmental changes in 22q11 DS, the reduced activity seen in left auditory cortex might serve as a biomarker for the development of schizophrenia, if confirmed by longitudinal research protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonia A Rihs
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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48
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Aging-related decline in somatosensory inhibition of the human cerebral cortex. Exp Brain Res 2013; 226:145-52. [PMID: 23377148 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-013-3420-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Primary somatosensory (SI) cortical inhibition to repetitive stimuli tends to decline with increasing age. However, aging effects on the inhibition mechanism of secondary somatosensory cortex (SII) remain elusive. We aimed to study the aging-related changes of cortical inhibition in the human somatosensory system. Neuromagnetic responses to paired-pulse electrical stimulation to the median nerve were recorded in 21 young and 20 elderly male adults. Paired-pulse suppression (PPS) of SI and SII activities was estimated by the ratio of the response to Stimulus 2 to the response to Stimulus 1. Based on equivalent current dipole modeling, PPS ratios of the contralateral (SIIc) and ipsilateral (SIIi) secondary somatosensory cortices were higher in elderly than in young subjects (p < 0.001 in SIIc and p = 0.034 in SIIi). At an individual basis, a higher PPS ratio in SIIc than in SI was found in 16 (80 %) out of the 20 elderly participants; in contrast, the PPS ratios of SIIc and SI cortices were similar in young participants (p = 0.031). In conclusion, a larger PPS ratio in elderly suggests an aging-related decline in somatosensory cortical inhibition. Furthermore, compared to SI, the electrophysiological responses of SII cortex are especially vulnerable to aging in terms of cortical inhibition to repetitive stimulation.
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Cholinergic modulation of auditory processing, sensory gating and novelty detection in human participants. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2013; 225:903-21. [PMID: 23052568 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-012-2872-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Suppression of redundant auditory information and facilitation of deviant, novel, or salient sounds can be assessed with paired-click and oddball tasks, respectively. Electrophysiological correlates of perturbed auditory processing found in these paradigms are likely to be a trait marker or candidate endophenotype for schizophrenia. OBJECTIVE This is the first study to investigate the effects of the muscarinic M1 antagonist biperiden and the cholinesterase inhibitor rivastigmine on auditory-evoked potentials (AEPs), sensory gating, and mismatch negativity (MMN) in young, healthy volunteers. RESULTS Biperiden increased P50 amplitude and prolonged N100 and P200 latency in the paired-click task but did not affect sensory gating. Rivastigmine was able to reverse the effects of biperiden on N100 and P200 latency. Biperiden increased P50 latency in the novelty oddball task, which was reversed by concurrent administration of rivastigmine. Rivastigmine shortened N100 latency and enhanced P3a amplitude in the novelty oddball paradigm, both of which were reversed by biperiden. CONCLUSION The muscarinic M1 receptor appears to be involved in preattentive processing of auditory information in the paired-click task. Additional effects of biperiden versus rivastigmine were reversed by a combination treatment, which renders attribution of these findings to muscarinic M1 versus muscarinic M2-M5 or nicotinic receptors much more difficult. It remains to be seen whether the effects of cholinergic drugs on AEPs are specifically related to the abnormalities found in schizophrenia. Alternatively, aberrant auditory processing could also be indicative of a general disturbance in neural functioning shared by several neuropsychiatric disorders and/or neurodegenerative changes seen in aging.
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50
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Ewing SG, Grace AA. Deep brain stimulation of the ventral hippocampus restores deficits in processing of auditory evoked potentials in a rodent developmental disruption model of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2013; 143:377-83. [PMID: 23269227 PMCID: PMC3547127 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2012.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 11/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Existing antipsychotic drugs are most effective at treating the positive symptoms of schizophrenia but their relative efficacy is low and they are associated with considerable side effects. In this study deep brain stimulation of the ventral hippocampus was performed in a rodent model of schizophrenia (MAM-E17) in an attempt to alleviate one set of neurophysiological alterations observed in this disorder. Bipolar stimulating electrodes were fabricated and implanted, bilaterally, into the ventral hippocampus of rats. High frequency stimulation was delivered bilaterally via a custom-made stimulation device and both spectral analysis (power and coherence) of resting state local field potentials and amplitude of auditory evoked potential components during a standard inhibitory gating paradigm were examined. MAM rats exhibited alterations in specific components of the auditory evoked potential in the infralimbic cortex, the core of the nucleus accumbens, mediodorsal thalamic nucleus, and ventral hippocampus in the left hemisphere only. DBS was effective in reversing these evoked deficits in the infralimbic cortex and the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus of MAM-treated rats to levels similar to those observed in control animals. In contrast stimulation did not alter evoked potentials in control rats. No deficits or stimulation-induced alterations were observed in the prelimbic and orbitofrontal cortices, the shell of the nucleus accumbens or ventral tegmental area. These data indicate a normalization of deficits in generating auditory evoked potentials induced by a developmental disruption by acute high frequency, electrical stimulation of the ventral hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel G. Ewing
- Departments of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA,Corresponding author (Samuel G. Ewing)
| | - Anthony A. Grace
- Departments of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
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