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Xu Y, Feng J, Li H. Water management increased rhizosphere redox potential and decreased Cd uptake in a low-Cd rice cultivar but decreased redox potential and increased Cd uptake in a high-Cd rice cultivar under intercropping. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 751:141701. [PMID: 32889460 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Excessive Cd in crop grains is toxic to humans. We conducted a field experiment to investigate the effects of intercropping on rice yield and grain Cd content as well as a pot experiment to compare the rhizosphere redox potentials of low-Cd 'Zhuliangyou 189' and the neighboring high-Cd 'Changxianggu' that mediated Cd uptake in a flooded or a ridge-furrow system. In the field experiment, Cd removal from contaminated soil in intercropping was 1.44 times higher than that in monoculture of Zhuliangyou 189. In both Zhuliangyou 189 and Changxianggu, intercropping improved the grain yield and decreased grain Cd content. In the pot experiment, Fe plaque amount was strongly and positively correlated with bulk soil Fe(II) content, root H2O2 concentration, and Fe(II)-oxidizing ability of root bacteria but negatively correlated with Fe(II)-oxidizing ability of bulk soil bacteria and root Cd content. In Zhuliangyou 189, intercropping increased root H2O2 concentration, rhizosphere redox potential, iron plaque amount but decreased Cd bioavailability, Fe(II)-oxidizing ability of bulk soil bacteria, and organ Cd content. In the flooded system, Zhuliangyou 189 showed higher bulk soil Fe(II) content than Changxianggu. In the ridge-furrow system, ridges decreased the Fe(II)-oxidizing ability of root and bulk soil bacteria, thereby decreasing Fe plaque amount and increasing organ Cd content of rice. In both monoculture and intercropping systems, rice cultivars planted on ridges showed higher Cd bioavailability and lower bulk boil Fe(II) content than those planted in furrows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanggui Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, China Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jiayi Feng
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huashou Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, China Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Honeker LK, Gullo CF, Neilson JW, Chorover J, Maier RM. Effect of Re-acidification on Buffalo Grass Rhizosphere and Bulk Microbial Communities During Phytostabilization of Metalliferous Mine Tailings. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1209. [PMID: 31214146 PMCID: PMC6554433 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytostabilized highly acidic, pyritic mine tailings are susceptible to re-acidification over time despite initial addition of neutralizing amendments. Studies examining plant-associated microbial dynamics during re-acidification of phytostabilized regions are sparse. To address this, we characterized the rhizosphere and bulk bacterial communities of buffalo grass used in the phytostabilization of metalliferous, pyritic mine tailings undergoing re-acidification at the Iron King Mine and Humboldt Smelter Superfund Site in Dewey-Humboldt, AZ. Plant-associated substrates representing a broad pH range (2.35-7.76) were sampled to (1) compare the microbial diversity and community composition of rhizosphere and bulk compartments across a pH gradient, and (2) characterize how re-acidification affects the abundance and activity of the most abundant plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB; including N2-fixing) versus acid-generating bacteria (AGB; including Fe-cycling/S-oxidizing). Results indicated that a shift in microbial diversity and community composition occurred at around pH 4. At higher pH (>4) the species richness and community composition of the rhizosphere and bulk compartments were similar, and PGPB, such as Pseudomonas, Arthrobacter, Devosia, Phyllobacterium, Sinorhizobium, and Hyphomicrobium, were present and active in both compartments with minimal presence of AGB. In comparison, at lower pH (<4) the rhizosphere had a significantly higher number of species than the bulk (p < 0.05) and the compartments had significantly different community composition (unweighted UniFrac; PERMANOVA, p < 0.05). Whereas some PGPB persisted in the rhizosphere at lower pH, including Arthrobacter and Devosia, they were absent from the bulk. Meanwhile, AGB dominated in both compartments; the most abundant were the Fe-oxidizer Leptospirillum and Fe-reducers Acidibacter and Acidiphilium, and the most active was the Fe-reducer Aciditerrimonas. This predominance of AGB at lower pH, and even their minimal presence at higher pH, contributes to acidifying conditions and poses a significant threat to sustainable plant establishment. These findings have implications for phytostabilization field site management and suggest re-application of compost or an alternate buffering material may be required in regions susceptible to re-acidification to maintain a beneficial bacterial community conducive to long-term plant establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Julia W. Neilson
- Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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Gülay A, Çekiç Y, Musovic S, Albrechtsen HJ, Smets BF. Diversity of Iron Oxidizers in Groundwater-Fed Rapid Sand Filters: Evidence of Fe(II)-Dependent Growth by Curvibacter and Undibacterium spp. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2808. [PMID: 30559723 PMCID: PMC6287000 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although earlier circumstantial observations have suggested the presence of iron oxidizing bacteria (IOB) in groundwater-fed rapid sand filters (RSF), ferrous iron (Fe(II)) oxidation in this environment is often considered a chemical process due to the highly oxic and circumneutral pH conditions. The low water temperature (5-10°C), typical of groundwaters, on the other hand, may reduce the rates of chemical Fe(II) oxidation, which may allow IOB to grow and compete with chemical Fe(II) oxidation. Hence, we hypothesized that IOB are active and abundant in groundwater-fed RSFs. Here, we applied a combination of cultivation and molecular approaches to isolate, quantify, and confirm the growth of IOB from groundwater-fed RSFs, operated at different influent Fe(II) concentrations. Isolates related to Undibacterium and Curvibacter were identified as novel IOB lineages. Gallionella spp. were dominant in all waterworks, whereas Ferriphaselus and Undibacterium were dominant at pre-filters of waterworks receiving groundwaters with high (>2 mg/l) Fe(II) concentrations. The high density and diversity of IOB in groundwater-fed RSFs suggest that neutrophilic IOB may not be limited to oxic/anoxic interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arda Gülay
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.,Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Yağmur Çekiç
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Hans-Jørgen Albrechtsen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Barth F Smets
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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Honeker LK, Neilson JW, Root RA, Gil-Loaiza J, Chorover J, Maier RM. Bacterial Rhizoplane Colonization Patterns of Buchloe dactyloides Growing in Metalliferous Mine Tailings Reflect Plant Status and Biogeochemical Conditions. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2017; 74:853-867. [PMID: 28577167 PMCID: PMC5654687 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-0998-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plant establishment during phytostabilization of legacy mine tailings in semiarid regions is challenging due to low pH, low organic carbon, low nutrients, and high toxic metal(loid) concentrations. Plant-associated bacterial communities are particularly important under these harsh conditions because of their beneficial services to plants. We hypothesize that bacterial colonization profiles on rhizoplane surfaces reflect deterministic processes that are governed by plant health and the root environment. The aim of this study was to identify associations between bacterial colonization patterns on buffalo grass (Buchloe dactyloides) rhizoplanes and both plant status (leaf chlorophyll and plant cover) and substrate biogeochemistry (pH, electrical conductivity, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and rhizosphere microbial community). Buffalo grass plants from mesocosm- and field-scale phytostabilization trials conducted with tailings from the Iron King Mine and Humboldt Smelter Superfund Site in Dewey-Humboldt, Arizona, were analyzed. These tailings are extremely acidic and have arsenic and lead concentrations of 2-4 g kg-1 substrate. Bacterial communities on rhizoplanes and in rhizosphere-associated substrate were characterized using fluorescence in situ hybridization and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, respectively. The results indicated that the metabolic status of rhizoplane bacterial colonizers is significantly related to plant health. Principal component analysis revealed that root-surface Alphaproteobacteria relative abundance was associated most strongly with substrate pH and Gammaproteobacteria relative abundance associated strongly with substrate pH and plant cover. These factors also affected the phylogenetic profiles of the associated rhizosphere communities. In summary, rhizoplane bacterial colonization patterns are plant specific and influenced by plant status and rhizosphere biogeochemical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnea K Honeker
- Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210038, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Julia W Neilson
- Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210038, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
| | - Robert A Root
- Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210038, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Juliana Gil-Loaiza
- Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210038, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Jon Chorover
- Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210038, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Raina M Maier
- Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210038, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
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Purvis OW. Adaptation and interaction of saxicolous crustose lichens with metals. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2014; 55:23. [PMID: 28510922 PMCID: PMC5430356 DOI: 10.1186/1999-3110-55-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
One of the most successful mechanisms enabling fungi to survive in extreme subaerial environments is by formation of mutualistic symbioses with algae and/or cyanobacteria as lichens. Collections, field and mineral weathering studies and developments in modern instrumental and analytical techniques have considerably advanced knowledge in understanding tolerance mechanisms to stress, environmental adaptation, species concepts and evolutionary processes in lichens colonising metalliferous habitats. This review focuses on the predominantly saxicolous, crustose, taxonomically notoriously challenging Acarospora sens. lat. Pioneering studies investigating element and substance localization in Acarospora sens. lat. in different geological terrains led to the discovery of novel fixation mechanisms, new minerals and substances associated with lichens, and new taxa and evolutionary lineages. Acarospora sens. lat. are generally under-represented in collections. Systematic sampling of Acarospora sens. lat. and other saxicolous lichens, in different mineralogical environments is now required, a priority being those occurring in extreme habitats at risk from climatic and other environmental changes. The potential for the discovery of new lichen and mineral species associated with Acarospora and other saxicolous crustose lichens, is high. These may represent special mechanisms to tolerate metal toxicity and other forms of environmental stress, including photoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole William Purvis
- Camborne School of Mines, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, TR10 9EZ, UK.
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Tripathi RD, Tripathi P, Dwivedi S, Kumar A, Mishra A, Chauhan PS, Norton GJ, Nautiyal CS. Roles for root iron plaque in sequestration and uptake of heavy metals and metalloids in aquatic and wetland plants. Metallomics 2014; 6:1789-800. [DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00111g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Guo L, Cutright TJ. Effect of citric acid and rhizosphere bacteria on metal plaque formation and metal accumulation in reeds in synthetic acid mine drainage solution. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 104:72-78. [PMID: 24632124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Many of regions in the world have been affected by acid mine drainage (AMD). The study assessed the effect of rhizosphere bacteria and citric acid (CA) on the metal plaque formation and heavy metal uptake in Phragmites australis cultured in synthetic AMD solution. Mn and Al plaque were not formed, but Fe plaque which was mediated by rhizosphere iron oxidizing bacteria (Fe(II)OB) was observed on the root system of reeds. Fe plaque did not significantly influence the uptake of Fe, Al and Mn into tissues of reeds. CA significantly (p<0.01) inhibited the growth of Fe(II)OB and decreased the formation of Fe plaque. CA also significantly improved (p<0.05) the accumulation of Fe, Mn and Al in all the tissues of reeds. Roots and rhizomes were the main organs to store metals. The roots contained 0.08±0.01mg/g Mn, 2.39±0.26mg/g Fe and 0.19±0.02mg/g Al, while the shoots accumulated 0.04±0.00mg/g Mn, 0.20±0.01mg/g Fe, 0.11±0.00mg/g Al in reeds cultured in solution amended with 2.101g/l CA and without inoculation of rhizosphere bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Guo
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Teresa J Cutright
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA.
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Martinez RE, Marquez JE, Hòa HTB, Gieré R. Open-pit coal-mining effects on rice paddy soil composition and metal bioavailability to Oryza sativa L. plants in Cam Pha, northeastern Vietnam. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:7686-7698. [PMID: 23990254 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2030-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study quantified Cd, Pb, and Cu content, and the soil-plant transfer factors of these elements in rice paddies within Cam Pha, Quang Ninh province, northeastern Vietnam. The rice paddies are located at a distance of 2 km from the large Coc Sau open-pit coal mine. Electron microprobe analysis combined with backscattered electron imaging and energy-dispersive spectroscopy revealed a relatively high proportion of carbon particles rimmed by an iron sulfide mineral (probably pyrite) in the quartz-clay matrix of rice paddy soils at 20-30 cm depth. Bulk chemical analysis of these soils revealed the presence of Cd, Cu, and Pb at concentrations of 0.146±0.004, 23.3±0.1, and 23.5±0.1 mg/kg which exceeded calculated background concentrations of 0.006±0.004, 1.9±0.5, and 2.4±1.5 mg/kg respectively at one of the sites. Metals and metalloids in Cam Pha rice paddy soils, including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn, were found in concentrations ranging from 0.2±0.1 to 140±3 mg/kg, which were in close agreement with toxic metal contents in mine tailings and Coc Sau coal samples, suggesting mining operations as a major cause of paddy soil contamination. Native and model Oryza sativa L. rice plants were grown in the laboratory in a growth medium to which up to 1.5 mg/kg of paddy soil from Cam Pha was added to investigate the effects on plant growth. A decrease in growth by up to 60% with respect to a control sample was found for model plants, whereas a decrease of only 10% was observed for native (Nep cai hoa vang variety) rice plants. This result suggests an adaptation of native Cam Pha rice plants to toxic metals in the agricultural lands. The Cd, Cu, and Pb contents of the native rice plants from Cam Pha paddies exceeded permitted levels in foods. Cadmium and Pb were highest in the rice plant roots with concentrations of 0.84±0.02 and 7.7±0.3 mg/kg, suggesting an intake of these metals into the rice plant as shown, for example, by Cd and Pb concentrations of 0.09±0.01 and 0.10±0.04 mg/kg respectively in the rice grain endosperm. The adaptation of native rice plants, combined with bioaccumulation ratios of 1±0.6 to 1.4±0.7 calculated for Cd transfer to the rice grain endosperm, and maximum Cd transfer factors of 4.3±2.1 to the plant roots, strongly suggest a continuous input of some toxic metals from coal-mining operations to agricultural lands in the region of Cam Pha. In addition, our results imply a sustained absorption of metals by native rice plant varieties, which may lead to metal accumulation (e.g., Cd) in human organs and in turn to severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul E Martinez
- Institut für Geo- und Umweltnaturwissenschaften, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Albertstraße 23b, 79104, Freiburg, Germany,
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Wedin M, Westberg M, Crewe AT, Tehler A, Purvis OW. Species delimitation and evolution of metal bioaccumulation in the lichenizedAcarospora smaragdula(Ascomycota, Fungi) complex. Cladistics 2009; 25:161-172. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2009.00240.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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