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Mo H, Chen X, Tang M, Qu Y, Li Z, Liu W, Yang C, Chen Y, Sun J, Yang H, Du G. Expression of a thermostable glucose-stimulated β-glucosidase from a hot-spring metagenome and its promising application to produce gardenia blue. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107036. [PMID: 38141330 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
This study reports a thermostable glucose-stimulated β-glucosidase, BglY442, from hot-spring metagenomic data that was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The molecular mass of recombinant BglY442 was 69.9 kDa and was used in the production of gardenia blue. The recombinant BglY442 showed its maximum activity at pH 6.0 and 75 °C, maintained 50 % activity at 70 °C for 36 h, presented over 90 % activity in a broad pH range and a wide range of pH stability. Moreover, BglY442 exhibited excellent tolerance toward methanol and ethanol. The specific activity of BglY442 was 235 U/mg at pH 6.0 and 75 °C with 10 mM pNPG as substrate. BglY442 activity increased by over fourfold with 2 M glucose or xylose. Specifically, the enzyme kinetics of BglY442 seem to be non-Michaelis-Menten kinetics or atypical kinetics because the Michaelis-Menten saturation kinetics were not observed with pNPG, oNPG or geniposide as substrates. Under optimum conditions, geniposide was dehydrated by BglY442 and reacted with nine amino acids respectively by the one-pot method. Only the Arg or Met derived pigments showed bright blue, and these two pigments had similar ultraviolet absorption spectra. The OD590 nm of GB was detected to be 1.06 after 24 h with the addition of Arg and 1.61 after 36 h with the addition of Met. The intermediate was elucidated and identified as ginipin. Molecular docking analysis indicated that the enzyme had a similar catalytic mechanism to the reported GH1 Bgls. BglY442 exhibited potential for gardenia blue production by the one-pot method. With outstanding thermostability and glucose tolerance, BglY442 should be considered a potential β-glucosidase in biotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Mo
- Yunnan Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Yunnan Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Manwen Tang
- Yunnan Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Qu
- Yunnan Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhihao Li
- Yunnan Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wang Liu
- Yunnan Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chunlin Yang
- Yunnan Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yijian Chen
- Yunnan Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jingxian Sun
- Yunnan Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Haiying Yang
- Yunnan Minzu University, School of Chemistry and Environment, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Gang Du
- Yunnan Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources Ministry of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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2
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Ashcroft E, Munoz-Munoz J. A review of the principles and biotechnological applications of glycoside hydrolases from extreme environments. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129227. [PMID: 38185295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
It is apparent that Biocatalysts are shaping the future by providing a more sustainable approach to established chemical processes. Industrial processes rely heavily on the use of toxic compounds and high energy or pH reactions, factors that both contributes to the worsening climate crisis. Enzymes found in bacterial systems and other microorganisms, from the glaciers of the Arctic to the sandy deserts of Abu Dhabi, provide key tools and understanding as to how we can progress in the biotechnology sector. These extremophilic bacteria harness the adaptive enzymes capable of withstanding harsh reaction conditions in terms of stability and reactivity. Carbohydrate-active enzymes, including glycoside hydrolases or carbohydrate esterases, are extremely beneficial for the presence and future of biocatalysis. Their involvement in the industry spans from laundry detergents to paper and pulp treatment by degrading oligo/polysaccharides into their monomeric products in almost all detrimental environments. This includes exceedingly high temperatures, pHs or even in the absence of water. In this review, we discuss the structure and function of different glycoside hydrolases from extremophiles, and how they can be applied to industrial-scale reactions to replace the use of harsh chemicals, reduce waste, or decrease energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellie Ashcroft
- Microbial Enzymology Lab, Department of Applied Sciences, Ellison Building A, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom.
| | - Jose Munoz-Munoz
- Microbial Enzymology Lab, Department of Applied Sciences, Ellison Building A, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom.
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3
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Liu P, Chen Y, Ma C, Ouyang J, Zheng Z. β-Galactosidase: a traditional enzyme given multiple roles through protein engineering. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-20. [PMID: 38108277 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2292282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
β-Galactosidases are crucial carbohydrate-active enzymes that naturally catalyze the hydrolysis of galactoside bonds in oligo- and disaccharides. These enzymes are commonly used to degrade lactose and produce low-lactose and lactose-free dairy products that are beneficial for lactose-intolerant people. β-galactosidases exhibit transgalactosylation activity, and they have been employed in the synthesis of galactose-containing compounds such as galactooligosaccharides. However, most β-galactosidases have intrinsic limitations, such as low transglycosylation efficiency, significant product inhibition effects, weak thermal stability, and a narrow substrate spectrum, which greatly hinder their applications. Enzyme engineering offers a solution for optimizing their catalytic performance. The study of the enzyme's structure paves the way toward explaining catalytic mechanisms and increasing the efficiency of enzyme engineering. In this review, the structure features of β-galactosidases from different glycosyl hydrolase families and the catalytic mechanisms are summarized in detail to offer guidance for protein engineering. The properties and applications of β-galactosidases are discussed. Additionally, the latest progress in β-galactosidase engineering and the strategies employed are highlighted. Based on the combined analysis of structure information and catalytic mechanisms, the ultimate goal of this review is to furnish a thorough direction for β-galactosidases engineering and promote their application in the food and dairy industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuehua Chen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Ouyang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaojuan Zheng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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4
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Kaenying W, Tagami T, Suwan E, Pitsanuwong C, Chomngam S, Okuyama M, Kongsaeree P, Kimura A, Kongsaeree PT. Structural and mutational analysis of glycoside hydrolase family 1 Br2 β-glucosidase derived from bovine rumen metagenome. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21923. [PMID: 38034805 PMCID: PMC10685196 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruminant animals rely on the activities of β-glucosidases from residential microbes to convert feed fibers into glucose for further metabolic uses. In this report, we determined the structures of Br2, which is a glycoside hydrolase family 1 β-glucosidase from the bovine rumen metagenome. Br2 folds into a classical (β/α)8-TIM barrel domain but displays unique structural features at loop β5→α5 and α-helix 5, resulting in different positive subsites from those of other GH1 enzymes. Br2 exhibited the highest specificity toward laminaritriose, suggesting its involvement in β-glucan hydrolysis in digested feed. We then substituted the residues at subsites +1 and + 2 of Br2 with those of Halothermothrix orenii β-glucosidase. The C170E and C221T mutations provided favorable interactions with glucooligosaccharide substrates at subsite +2, while the A219N mutation probably improved the substrate preference for cellobiose and gentiobiose relative to laminaribiose at subsite +1. The N407Y mutation increased the affinity toward cellooligosaccharides. These results give further insights into the molecular determinants responsible for substrate specificity in GH1 β-glucosidases and may provide a basis for future enzyme engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilaiwan Kaenying
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Takayoshi Tagami
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Eukote Suwan
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Chariwat Pitsanuwong
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
| | - Sinchai Chomngam
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Masayuki Okuyama
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Palangpon Kongsaeree
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Atsuo Kimura
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
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Kumari S, Leon Magdaleno JS, Grewal RK, Narsing Rao MP, Rajjak Shaikh A, Cavallo L, Chawla M, Kumar M. High potential for biomass-degrading CAZymes revealed by pine forest soil metagenomics. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37768075 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2262600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The undisturbed environment in Netarhat, with its high levels of accumulated lignocellulosic biomass, presents an opportunity to identify microbes for biomass digestion. This study focuses on the bioprospecting of native soil microbes from the Netarhat forest in Jharkhand, India, with the potential for lignocellulosic substrate digestion. These biocatalysts could help overcome the bottleneck of biomass saccharification and reduce the overall cost of biofuel production, replacing harmful fossil fuels. The study used metagenomic analysis of pine forest soil via whole genome shotgun sequencing, revealing that most of the reads matched with the bacterial species, very low percentage of reads (0.1%) belongs to fungal species, with 13% of unclassified reads. Actinobacteria were found to be predominant among the bacterial species. MetaErg annotation identified 11,830 protein family genes and 2 metabolic marker genes in the soil samples. Based on the Carbohydrate Active EnZyme (CAZy) database, 3,996 carbohydrate enzyme families were identified, with family Glycosyl hydrolase (GH) dominating with 1,704 genes. Most observed GH families in the study were GH0, 3, 5, 6. 9, 12. 13, 15, 16, 39, 43, 57, and 97. Modelling analysis of a representative GH 43 gene suggested a strong affinity for cellulose than xylan. This study highlights the lignocellulosic digestion potential of the native microfauna of the lesser-known pine forest of Netarhat.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Kumari
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Jorge S Leon Magdaleno
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Kaust Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravneet Kaur Grewal
- Department of Research and Innovation, STEMskills Research and Education Lab Private Limited, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Manik Prabhu Narsing Rao
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Sede Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Abdul Rajjak Shaikh
- Department of Research and Innovation, STEMskills Research and Education Lab Private Limited, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Kaust Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohit Chawla
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Kaust Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
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6
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Poladyan A, Trchounian K, Paloyan A, Minasyan E, Aghekyan H, Iskandaryan M, Khoyetsyan L, Aghayan S, Tsaturyan A, Antranikian G. Valorization of whey-based side streams for microbial biomass, molecular hydrogen, and hydrogenase production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12609-x. [PMID: 37289241 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12609-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Side streams of the dairy industry are a suitable nutrient source for cultivating microorganisms, producing enzymes, and high-value chemical compounds. The heterotrophic Escherichia coli and chemolithoautotroph Ralstonia eutropha are of major biotechnological interest. R. eutropha is a model organism for producing O2-tolerant [NiFe]-hydrogenases (Hyds) (biocatalysts), and E. coli has found widespread use as an expression platform for producing recombinant proteins, molecular hydrogen (H2), and other valuable products. Aiming at developing suitable cultivation media from side streams of the dairy industry, the pre-treatment (filtration, dilution, and pH adjustment) of cheese (sweet) whey (SW) and curd (acid) whey (AW), with and without the use of ß-glucosidase, has been performed. Growth parameters (oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), pH changes, specific growth rate, biomass formation) of E. coli BW25113 and R. eutropha H16 type strains were monitored during cultivation on filtered and non-filtered SW and AW at 37 °C, pH 7.5 and 30 °C, pH 7.0, respectively. Along with microbial growth, measurements of pH and ORP indicated good fermentative growth. Compared to growth on fructose-nitrogen minimal salt medium (control), a maximum cell yield (OD600 4.0) and H2-oxidizing Hyd activity were achieved in the stationary growth phase for R. eutropha. Hyd-3-dependent H2 production by E. coli utilizing whey as a growth substrate was demonstrated. Moreover, good biomass production and prolonged H2 yields of ~ 5 mmol/L and cumulative H2 ~ 94 mL g/L dry whey (DW) (ß-glucosidase-treated) were observed during the cultivation of the engineered E. coli strain. These results open new avenues for effective whey treatment using thermostable β-glucosidase and confirm whey as an economically viable commodity for biomass and biocatalyst production. KEY POINTS: • Archaeal thermostable β-glucosidase isolated from the metagenome of a hydrothermal spring was used for lactose hydrolysis in whey. • Hydrogenase enzyme activity was induced during the growth of Ralstonia eutropha H16 on whey. • Enhanced biomass and H2 production was shown in a genetically modified strain of Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Poladyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia, 1 A. Manoukian Str, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia.
- Research Institute of Biology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - Karen Trchounian
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia, 1 A. Manoukian Str, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
- Research Institute of Biology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Ani Paloyan
- SPC "Armbiotechnology" NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Ela Minasyan
- Institute of Pharmacy, Yerevan State University, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Hayarpi Aghekyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia, 1 A. Manoukian Str, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
- Research Institute of Biology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Meri Iskandaryan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia, 1 A. Manoukian Str, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
- Research Institute of Biology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
| | | | - Sargis Aghayan
- Research Institute of Biology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Avetis Tsaturyan
- SPC "Armbiotechnology" NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia
- Institute of Pharmacy, Yerevan State University, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Garabed Antranikian
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg, Germany
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7
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Pillet L, Lim D, Almulhim N, Benítez-Mateos AI, Paradisi F. Novel triple mutant of an extremophilic glycosyl hydrolase enables the rapid synthesis of thioglycosides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12118-12121. [PMID: 36226508 PMCID: PMC9609006 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04660a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
In order to expand the toolbox of enzymes available for thioglycoside synthesis, we describe here the first example of an extremophilic glycosyl hydrolase from Halothermothrix orenii (HorGH1) engineered towards thioglycosynthase activity with a novel combination of mutations. Using the triple mutant, HorGH1 M299R/E166A/E354G, a range of thioglycosides from glycosyl fluoride donors and aromatic thiols could be synthesised with exquisite stereoselectivity and good to excellent conversions (61-93%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Pillet
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - David Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Nourah Almulhim
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ana I Benítez-Mateos
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Francesca Paradisi
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK
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8
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Alnadari F, Xue Y, Alsubhi NH, Alamoudi SA, Alwabli AS, Al-Quwaie DA, Saud Hamed Y, Muhammad Nasiru M, Ebrahim AA, El-Saadony MT, Pan F. Reusability of immobilized β-glucosidase on sodium alginate-coated magnetic nanoparticles and high productivity applications. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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9
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Iqbal MW, Riaz T, Mahmood S, Liaqat H, Mushtaq A, Khan S, Amin S, Qi X. Recent Advances in the Production, Analysis, and Application of Galacto-Oligosaccharides. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2097255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tahreem Riaz
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shahid Mahmood
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Humna Liaqat
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domzale, Slovenia
| | - Anam Mushtaq
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sonia Khan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sabahat Amin
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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10
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Crystal structure of metagenomic β-glycosidase MeBglD2 in complex with various saccharides. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:4539-4551. [PMID: 35723691 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Metagenomic MeBglD2 is a glycoside hydrolase family 1 (GH1) β-glycosidase that has β-glucosidase, β-fucosidase, and β-galactosidase activities, and is highly activated in the presence of monosaccharides and disaccharides. The β-glucosidase activity of MeBglD2 increases in a cellobiose concentration-dependent manner and is not inhibited by a high concentration of D-glucose or cellobiose. Previously, we solved the crystal structure of MeBglD2 and designed a thermostable mutant; however, the mechanism of substrate recognition of MeBglD2 remains poorly understood. In this paper, we report the X-ray crystal structures of MeBglD2 complexed with various saccharides, such as D-glucose, D-xylose, cellobiose, and maltose. The results showed that subsite - 1 of MeBglD2, which contained two catalytic glutamate residues (a nucleophilic Glu356 and an acid/base Glu170) was common to other GH1 enzymes, but the positive subsites (+ 1 and + 2) had different binding modes depending on the type of sugar. Three residues (Glu183, Asn227, and Asn229), located at the positive subsites of MeBglD2, were involved in substrate specificity toward cellobiose and/or chromogenic substrates in the presence of additive sugars. The docking simulation of MeBglD2-cellobiose indicated that Asn229 and Trp329 play important roles in the recognition of + 1 D-glucose in cellobiose. Our findings provide insights into the unique substrate recognition mechanism of GH1, which can incorporate a variety of saccharides into its positive subsites. KEY POINTS: • Metagenomic glycosidase, MeBglD2, recognizes various saccharides • Structures of metagenomic MeBglD2 complexed with various saccharides are determined • MeBglD2 has a unique substrate recognition mechanism at the positive subsites.
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11
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Molecular dynamics simulation guided distal mutation of Thermotoga naphthophila β-glucosidase for significantly enhanced synthesis of galactooligosaccharides and expanded product scope. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 210:21-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Byrne JP, Delgado L, Paradisi F, Albrecht M. Carbohydrate‐functionalized triazolylidene iridium complexes: hydrogenation catalysis in water with asymmetric induction. ChemCatChem 2022; 14:e202200086. [PMID: 35910522 PMCID: PMC9310948 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Two sets of carbohydrate‐NHC hybrid iridium complexes were synthesised in order to combine properties of carbohydrates and triazolylidene (trz) ligands in organometallic catalysis. One set features a direct trz linkage to the anomeric carbohydrate carbon, while the second set is comprised of an ethyl linker between the two functional units. Deprotection of the carbohydrate afforded hybrid complexes that efficiently catalyse the direct hydrogenation of ketones in water. The catalytic activity of the hybrid complexes was influenced by the pH of the aqueous medium and surpassed the activity of carbohydrate‐free or acetyl‐protected analogues (>90 % vs 13 % yield). While no enantiomeric induction was observed for the ethyl‐linked hybrids, a moderate enantiomeric excess (ee) was induced by the directly linked systems. Moreover, these carbohydrate‐trz hybrid complexes displayed mixed inhibitory activity towards a glycosidase from H. orenii that contain a glucose binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Byrne
- Universität Bern: Universitat Bern Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences SWITZERLAND
| | - Lydia Delgado
- University of Nottingham University Park Campus: University of Nottingham School of Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Francesca Paradisi
- Universität Bern: Universitat Bern Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences SWITZERLAND
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Universität Bern: Universitat Bern Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern SWITZERLAND
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13
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Zada NS, Belduz AO, Güler HI, Sahinkaya M, Khan SI, Saba M, Bektas KI, Kara Y, Kolaylı S, Badshah M, Shah AA, Khan S. Cloning, biochemical characterization and molecular docking of novel thermostable β-glucosidase BglA9 from Anoxybacillus ayderensis A9 and its application in de-glycosylation of Polydatin. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:1898-1909. [PMID: 34793813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study reports a novel BglA9 gene of 1345 bp encoding β-glucosidase from Anoxybacillus ayderensis A9, which was amplified and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3): pLysS cells, purified with Ni-NTA column having molecular weight of 52.6 kDa and was used in the bioconversion of polydatin to resveratrol. The kinetic parameters values using pNPG as substrate were Km (0.28 mM), Vmax (43.8 μmol/min/mg), kcat (38.43 s-1) and kcat/Km (135.5 s-1 mM-1). The BglA9 was active in a broad pH range and had an activity half-life around 24 h at 50 °C. The de-glycosylation efficiency of BglA9 for polydatin was determined by estimating the amount of glucose released after enzymatic reaction by a dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) assay. The kinetic parameters of BglA9 for polydatin were 5.5 mM, 20.84 μmol/min/mg, 18.28 s-1and 3.27 s-1 mM-1 for Km, Vmax, kcat, and kcat/Km values, respectively. The Ki value for glucose was determined to be 1.7 M. The residues Gln19, His120, Glu355, Glu409, Glu178, Asn222 may play a crucial role in the deglycosylation as revealed by the 3D structure of enzyme docked with polydatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Numan Saleh Zada
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ali Osman Belduz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Halil Ibrahim Güler
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Miray Sahinkaya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Sanam Islam Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Marium Saba
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Kadriye Inan Bektas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Yakup Kara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Kolaylı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Malik Badshah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Ali Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Samiullah Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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14
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Delgado L, Heckmann CM, Di Pisa F, Gourlay L, Paradisi F. Release of Soybean Isoflavones by Using a β-Glucosidase from Alicyclobacillus herbarius. Chembiochem 2021; 22:1223-1231. [PMID: 33237595 PMCID: PMC8048572 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
β-Glucosidases are used in the food industry to hydrolyse glycosidic bonds in complex sugars, with enzymes sourced from extremophiles better able to tolerate the process conditions. In this work, a novel β-glycosidase from the acidophilic organism Alicyclobacillus herbarius was cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). AheGH1 was stable over a broad range of pH values (5-11) and temperatures (4-55 °C). The enzyme exhibited excellent tolerance to fructose and good tolerance to glucose, retaining 65 % activity in the presence of 10 % (w/v) glucose. It also tolerated organic solvents, some of which appeared to have a stimulating effect, in particular ethanol with a 1.7-fold increase in activity at 10 % (v/v). The enzyme was then applied for the cleavage of isoflavone from isoflavone glucosides in an ethanolic extract of soy flour, to produce soy isoflavones, which constitute a valuable food supplement, full conversion was achieved within 15 min at 30 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Delgado
- University of Nottingham, School of ChemistryDepartment of Chemical BiologyUniversity ParkNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
| | - Christian M. Heckmann
- University of Nottingham, School of ChemistryDepartment of Chemical BiologyUniversity ParkNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
| | - Flavio Di Pisa
- Dipartimento di BioscienzeUniversità di MilanoVia Celoria 2620133MilanItaly
| | - Louise Gourlay
- Dipartimento di BioscienzeUniversità di MilanoVia Celoria 2620133MilanItaly
| | - Francesca Paradisi
- University of Nottingham, School of ChemistryDepartment of Chemical BiologyUniversity ParkNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
- University of BernDepartment of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreiestrasse 33012BernSwitzerland
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15
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Gamiz-Arco G, Gutierrez-Rus LI, Risso VA, Ibarra-Molero B, Hoshino Y, Petrović D, Justicia J, Cuerva JM, Romero-Rivera A, Seelig B, Gavira JA, Kamerlin SCL, Gaucher EA, Sanchez-Ruiz JM. Heme-binding enables allosteric modulation in an ancient TIM-barrel glycosidase. Nat Commun 2021; 12:380. [PMID: 33452262 PMCID: PMC7810902 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20630-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosidases are phylogenetically widely distributed enzymes that are crucial for the cleavage of glycosidic bonds. Here, we present the exceptional properties of a putative ancestor of bacterial and eukaryotic family-1 glycosidases. The ancestral protein shares the TIM-barrel fold with its modern descendants but displays large regions with greatly enhanced conformational flexibility. Yet, the barrel core remains comparatively rigid and the ancestral glycosidase activity is stable, with an optimum temperature within the experimental range for thermophilic family-1 glycosidases. None of the ∼5500 reported crystallographic structures of ∼1400 modern glycosidases show a bound porphyrin. Remarkably, the ancestral glycosidase binds heme tightly and stoichiometrically at a well-defined buried site. Heme binding rigidifies this TIM-barrel and allosterically enhances catalysis. Our work demonstrates the capability of ancestral protein reconstructions to reveal valuable but unexpected biomolecular features when sampling distant sequence space. The potential of the ancestral glycosidase as a scaffold for custom catalysis and biosensor engineering is discussed. Family 1 glycosidases (GH1) are present in the three domains of life and share classical TIM-barrel fold. Structural and biochemical analyses of a resurrected ancestral GH1 enzyme reveal heme binding, not known in its modern descendants. Heme rigidifies the TIM-barrel and allosterically enhances catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Gamiz-Arco
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica. Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Luis I Gutierrez-Rus
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica. Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Valeria A Risso
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica. Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz Ibarra-Molero
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica. Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Yosuke Hoshino
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Dušan Petrović
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, BMC Box 576, S-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden.,Hit Discovery, Discovery Sciences, Biopharmaceutical R&D, AstraZeneca, 431 50, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jose Justicia
- Departamento de Quimica Organica. Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Cuerva
- Departamento de Quimica Organica. Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Adrian Romero-Rivera
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, BMC Box 576, S-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Burckhard Seelig
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, & BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Jose A Gavira
- Laboratorio de Estudios Cristalograficos, Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, CSIC, Unidad de Excelencia de Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, Avenida de las Palmeras 4, Granada, 18100, Armilla, Spain
| | - Shina C L Kamerlin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, BMC Box 576, S-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Eric A Gaucher
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
| | - Jose M Sanchez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica. Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia de Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
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16
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Dadwal A, Singh V, Sharma S, Satyanarayana T. Structural aspects of β-glucosidase of Myceliophthora thermophila (MtBgl3c) by homology modelling and molecular docking. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 40:5211-5228. [PMID: 33413029 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1869095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cellulases are the enzymes with diverse range of industrial applications. Cellulases degrade cellulose into monomeric glucose units by hydrolysing β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. There are three components of cellulases: a) endoglucanase, b) exoglucanase and c) β-glucosidase which act synergistically in cellulose bioconversion. The cellulases are the third largest industrial enzymes with a great potential in bioethanol production. In this investigation, a β-glucosidase of a thermophilic fungus Myceliophthora thermophila (MtBgl3c) was analysed for its structural characterization using in silico approaches. The protein structure of MtBgl3c is unknown, therefore an attempt has been made to model 3D structure using Modeller 9.23 software. The MtBgl3c protein model generated was validated from Verify 3D and ERRAT scores of 89.37% and 71.25%, respectively derived from SAVES. Using RAMPAGE the Ramachandran plot was generated, which predicted the accuracy of the 3D model with 91.5% amino acid residues in the favored region. The ion binding and N-glycosylation sites were also predicted. The generated model was docked with cellobiose to predict the most favorable binding sites of MtBgl3c. The key amino acid residues involved in cellobiose bonding are Val88, Asp106, Asp287, Tyr255, Arg170, Glu514. The catalytic conserved amino residues of MtBgl3c were identified. The dock score of cellobiose with MtBgl3c is much lower (-6.46 kcal/mol) than that of glucose (-5.61 kcal/mol), suggesting its high affinity for cellobiose. The docking data of MtBgl3c with glucose illustrate its tolerance to glucose. The present study provides insight into structural characteristics of the MtBgl3c which can be further validated by experimental data. Highlights3D structure of β-glucosidase (MtBgl3c) of Myceliophthora thermophila is being proposed based on computational analysesThe amino acid residues Asp106, Asp287, Tyr255, Arg170 and Glu514 have been identified to play catalytically important role in substrate bindingDocking and interaction of MtBgl3c with cellobiose and glucose has been confirmedDocking analysis of MtBgl3c with glucose suggested its glucose toleranceThe data would be useful in engineering enzymes for attaining higher catalytic efficiencyCommunicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anica Dadwal
- Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology (University of Delhi), New Delhi, India
| | - Vishal Singh
- Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology (University of Delhi), New Delhi, India
| | - Tulasi Satyanarayana
- Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology (University of Delhi), New Delhi, India
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17
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Alnadari F, Xue Y, Almakas A, Mohedein A, Samie A, Abdel-Shafi M, Abdin M. Large batch production of Galactooligosaccharides using β-glucosidase immobilized on chitosan-functionalized magnetic nanoparticle. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13589. [PMID: 33368567 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
β-glucosidase (BglA) immobilization from Thermotoga maritima on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) functionalized with chitosan (Cs) were efficiently investigated to improve lactose conversion and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) production. We used a batch method in order to improve the conversion of lactose to GOS. The efficiency and yield of immobilization were 79% and immobilized BglA was effectively recycled via a magnetic separation procedure through a batch-wise GOS with no activity lessening. Furthermore, analyses were done through screening kinetics of enzyme activity, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Proposed methodology of immobilization shows a potential application as it is stable which was proved through many methods including pH, temperature, heat treatment, storage, and kinetics of the enzyme. GOS and residual enzyme activity showed to be 28.76 and 40.44%, respectively. However, free enzyme synthesis of GOS yield was just 24% after 12 hr. This study proposed applying magnet in the immobilization process of BglA on Cs-MNPs to produce GOS as new method for immobilizing enzyme in a biostable and cost-efficient way. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This paper focus on immobilization of BglA from T. maritima onto MNPs functionalized with CS to investigate their further possibility improving lactose conversion and GOS production. Interestingly, a successful immobilization of Tm-BglA on the substrates were achieved in Cs-MNPs. The obtained results from enzyme activity, SDS-PAGE, FT-IR, and TEM showed that the high binding capacity of BglA to Cs-MNPs was successfully obtained. Furthermore, the binding efficiency calculation indicated that the immobilized BglA-Cs-MNPs conserved 40.44% of its native activity at the end of its 6th repeated use. In addition, magnetic separation technique was successfully employed for reuse of the immobilized BglA for repetitive batch-wise GOS without significant loss of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawze Alnadari
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China.,Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Yemin Xue
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Aisha Almakas
- Department of Crops and Pastures, Faculty of Agriculture, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Amani Mohedein
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Abdel Samie
- Department of Food and Dairy Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, Arish City, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Shafi
- Department of Food and Dairy Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, Arish City, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdin
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China.,Agriculture Research Center, Food Technology Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
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18
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Addai FP, Lin F, Wang T, Kosiba AA, Sheng P, Yu F, Gu J, Zhou Y, Shi H. Technical integrative approaches to cheese whey valorization towards sustainable environment. Food Funct 2020; 11:8407-8423. [PMID: 32955061 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01484b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Whey, a byproduct of cheese production, is often treated as an industrial dairy waste. A large volume of this product is disposed of annually due to inadequate bioconversion approaches. With its high pollutant load, disposal without pretreatment has raised a lot of environmental concerns alerting the need to seek optimal methods for adequately extracting and utilizing its organic content. In recent years, several techniques for whey valorization have emerged which may serve as interventionary measures against its environmental effects after disposal. In this review, we discuss five major approaches, by which whey can be converted into eco-friendly products, to significantly cut whey wastage. The approaches to whey valorization are therefore examined under the following perspectives: whey as a raw material for the production of bioethanol and prebiotic oligosaccharides via β-galactosidase and microbe catalyzed reactions, for the production of refined lactose as an excipient for pharmaceutical purposes, and the clinical significance of whey hydrolysates and their antifungal activity in food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Peprah Addai
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
| | - Feng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou 313001, P. R. China
| | - Taotao Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
| | - Anthony A Kosiba
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
| | - Pengcheng Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou 313001, P. R. China
| | - Feng Yu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Gu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Zhou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
| | - Haifeng Shi
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
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19
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Uehara R, Iwamoto R, Aoki S, Yoshizawa T, Takano K, Matsumura H, Tanaka S. Crystal structure of a GH1 β-glucosidase from Hamamotoa singularis. Protein Sci 2020; 29:2000-2008. [PMID: 32713015 PMCID: PMC7454551 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A GH1 β-glucosidase from the fungus Hamamotoa singularis (HsBglA) has high transgalactosylation activity and efficiently converts lactose to galactooligosaccharides. Consequently, HsBglA is among the most widely used enzymes for industrial galactooligosaccharide production. Here, we present the first crystal structures of HsBglA with and without 4'-galactosyllactose, a tri-galactooligosaccharide, at 3.0 and 2.1 Å resolutions, respectively. These structures reveal details of the structural elements that define the catalytic activity and substrate binding of HsBglA, and provide a possible interpretation for its high catalytic potency for transgalactosylation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Uehara
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life SciencesRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
- Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research OrganizationRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
| | - Riki Iwamoto
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life SciencesRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
| | - Sayaka Aoki
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life SciencesRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
| | - Takuya Yoshizawa
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life SciencesRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
| | - Kazufumi Takano
- Department of Biomolecular ChemistryKyoto Prefectural UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Hiroyoshi Matsumura
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life SciencesRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
- Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research OrganizationRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
| | - Shun‐ichi Tanaka
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life SciencesRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
- Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research OrganizationRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
- Department of Biomolecular ChemistryKyoto Prefectural UniversityKyotoJapan
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20
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Sinha SK, Das S, Konar S, Ghorai PK, Das R, Datta S. Elucidating the regulation of glucose tolerance in a β-glucosidase from Halothermothrix orenii by active site pocket engineering and computational analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 156:621-632. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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21
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Konar S, Sinha SK, Datta S, Ghorai PK. Probing the dynamics between the substrate and the product towards glucose tolerance of Halothermothrix orenii β-glucosidase. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:5438-5448. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1796789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Konar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, India
| | - Sushant K. Sinha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, India
| | - Supratim Datta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, India
- Center for the Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, India
- Center for the Climate and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, India
| | - Pradip Kr. Ghorai
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, India
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22
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The effect of ionic liquid on the structure of active site pocket and catalytic activity of a β-glucosidase from Halothermothrix orenii. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.112879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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23
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Deng P, Meng C, Wu Y, Xu J, Tang X, Zhang X, Xiao Y, Wang X, Fang Z, Fang W. An unusual GH1 β-glucosidase from marine sediment with β-galactosidase and transglycosidation activities for superior galacto-oligosaccharide synthesis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:4927-4943. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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24
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Thøgersen MS, Christensen SJ, Jepsen M, Pedersen LH, Stougaard P. Transglycosylating β-d-galactosidase and α-l-fucosidase from Paenibacillus sp. 3179 from a hot spring in East Greenland. Microbiologyopen 2020; 9:e980. [PMID: 31868312 PMCID: PMC7066462 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermal springs are excellent locations for discovery of thermostable microorganisms and enzymes. In this study, we identify a novel thermotolerant bacterial strain related to Paenibacillus dendritiformis, denoted Paenibacillus sp. 3179, which was isolated from a thermal spring in East Greenland. A functional expression library of the strain was constructed, and the library screened for β-d-galactosidase and α-l-fucosidase activities on chromogenic substrates. This identified two genes encoding a β-d-galactosidase and an α-l-fucosidase, respectively. The enzymes were recombinantly expressed, purified, and characterized using oNPG (2-nitrophenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside) and pNP-fucose (4-nitrophenyl-α-l-fucopyranoside), respectively. The enzymes were shown to have optimal activity at 50°C and pH 7-8, and they were able to hydrolyze as well as transglycosylate natural carbohydrates. The transglycosylation activities were investigated using TLC and HPLC, and the β-d-galactosidase was shown to produce the galactooligosaccharides (GOS) 6'-O-galactosyllactose and 3'-O-galactosyllactose using lactose as substrate, whereas the α-l-fucosidase was able to transfer the fucose moiety from pNP-fuc to lactose, thereby forming 2'-O-fucosyllactose. Since enzymes that are able to transglycosylate carbohydrates at elevated temperature are desirable in many industrial processes, including food and dairy production, we foresee the potential use of enzymes from Paenibacillus sp. 3179 in the production of, for example, instant formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane S. Thøgersen
- University of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
- Present address:
Aarhus UniversityRoskildeDenmark
| | - Stefan J. Christensen
- University of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
- Present address:
Roskilde UniversityRoskildeDenmark
| | - Morten Jepsen
- University of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
- Present address:
Novo Nordisk A/SBagsværdDenmark
| | | | - Peter Stougaard
- University of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
- Present address:
Aarhus UniversityRoskildeDenmark
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Alnadari F, Xue Y, Zhou L, Hamed YS, Taha M, Foda MF. Immobilization of β-Glucosidase from Thermatoga maritima on Chitin-functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticle via a Novel Thermostable Chitin-binding Domain. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1663. [PMID: 32015452 PMCID: PMC6997207 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57165-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzyme immobilization is a powerful tool not only as a protective agent against harsh reaction conditions but also for the enhancement of enzyme activity, stability, reusability, and for the improvement of enzyme properties as well. Herein, immobilization of β-glucosidase from Thermotoga maritima (Tm-β-Glu) on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) functionalized with chitin (Ch) was investigated. This technology showed a novel thermostable chitin-binding domain (Tt-ChBD), which is more desirable in a wide range of large-scale applications. This exclusive approach was fabricated to improve the Galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) production from a cheap and abundant by-product such as lactose through a novel green synthesis route. Additionally, SDS-PAGE, enzyme activity kinetics, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed that among the immobilization strategies for Thermotoga maritime-β-Glucosidase thermostable chitin-binding domain (Tm-β-Glu-Tt-ChBD) on the attractive substrate; Ch-MNPs had the highest enzyme binding capacity and GOS production ratio when compared to the native enzyme. More interestingly, a magnetic separation technique was successfully employed in recycling the immobilized Tm-β-Glu for repetitive batch-wise GOS without significant loss or reduction of enzyme activity. This immobilization system displayed an operative stability status under various parameters, for instance, temperature, pH, thermal conditions, storage stabilities, and enzyme kinetics when compared with the native enzyme. Conclusively, the GOS yield and residual activity of the immobilized enzyme after the 10th cycles were 31.23% and 66%, respectively. Whereas the GOS yield from native enzyme synthesis was just 25% after 12 h in the first batch. This study recommends applying Tt-ChBD in the immobilization process of Tm-β-Glu on Ch-MNPs to produce a low-cost GOS as a new eco-friendly process besides increasing the biostability and efficiency of the immobilized enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawze Alnadari
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, P.R. China.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Yemin Xue
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yahya S Hamed
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Taha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt.,Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Mohamed F Foda
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China. .,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China. .,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt.
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In silico Approach to Elucidate Factors Associated with GH1 β-Glucosidase Thermostability. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.4.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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27
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Sinha SK, Prakash Reddy K, Datta S. Understanding the glucose tolerance of an archaeon β-glucosidase from Thermococcus sp. Carbohydr Res 2019; 486:107835. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.107835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Kang L, Zhang X, Wang R, Liu C, Yi L, Liu Z, Zhang Z, Yuan S. β-Glucosidase BGL1 from Coprinopsis cinerea Exhibits a Distinctive Hydrolysis and Transglycosylation Activity for Application in the Production of 3-O-β-d-Gentiobiosyl-d-laminarioligosaccharides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10744-10755. [PMID: 31525900 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that β-glucosidase BGL1 at low concentration (15 μg mL-1) from Coprinopsis cinerea exhibited hydrolytic activity only toward laminarioligosaccharides but not toward cellooligosaccharides and gentiobiose. This study shows that BGL1 at high concentration (200 μg mL-1) also hydrolyzed cellobiose and gentiobiose, which accounted for only 0.83 and 2.05% of its activity toward laminaribiose, respectively. Interestingly, BGL1 at low concentration (1.5 μg mL-1) showed transglycosylation but BGL1 at high concentration (200 μg mL-1) did not. BGL1 utilizes only laminarioligosaccharides but not glucose, gentiobiose, and cellobiose to synthesize the higher oligosaccharides. BGL1 transferred one glucosyl residue from substrate laminarioligosaccharide to another laminarioligosaccharide as an acceptor in a β(1 → 3) or β(1 → 6) fashion to produce higher laminarioligosaccharides or 3-O-β-d-gentiobiosyl-d-laminarioligosaccharides. The BGL1-digested laminaritriose exhibited approximately 90% enhancement in the anti-oxidant activity compared to that of untreated laminaritriose, implying a potential application of BGL1-based transglycosylation for the production of high value-added rare oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Kang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Microbial Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , PR China
| | - Xingwei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Microbial Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , PR China
| | - Rui Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Microbial Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , PR China
| | - Cuicui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Microbial Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , PR China
| | - Lin Yi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu , 215021 , China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Microbial Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , PR China
| | - Zhenqing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu , 215021 , China
| | - Sheng Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Microbial Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , PR China
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Sharma K, Thakur A, Kumar R, Goyal A. Structure and biochemical characterization of glucose tolerant β-1,4 glucosidase (HtBgl) of family 1 glycoside hydrolase from Hungateiclostridium thermocellum. Carbohydr Res 2019; 483:107750. [PMID: 31357130 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.107750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
β-1,4-glucosidase (HtBgl) of family 1 glycoside hydrolase from Hungateiclostridium thermocellum was cloned in pET28a(+) vector, expressed, biochemically and structurally characterized. HtBgl displayed 67 U/mg activity against 4-nitrophenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside, followed by 180 U/mg against cellobiose and 42 U/mg activity against 4-nitrophenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside. HtBgl displayed an optimum temperature of 65 °C and an optimum pH of 6.0. HtBgl was stable in the pH range, 4.0-8.0 and displayed the thermostability up to 60 °C for 1 h. HtBgl displayed the glucose tolerance up to 750 mM and retained ~70% activity after 20 h. HtBgl crystal structure submitted (PDB id 5OGZ) by others exhibited a classical Triosephosphate Isomerase, (β/α)8-barrel fold. Protein melting analysis of HtBgl exhibited a single peak at 78 °C and the addition of 5 mM Mg2+ shifted the peak to 82 °C. Molecular dynamics studies showed that the amino acid residues from 351 to 375 exhibit the flexibility due to the presence of the catalytic acid residue. The structure comparison of HtBgl with homologous proteins and its docking analysis with probable ligands revealed that the residues, E166 and E355 are involved in the catalysis. The SAXS analysis of HtBgl showed that the protein is monomeric and present in a fully folded state. The radius of gyration (Rg) found was 2.15-2.26 nm. The bell-shaped curve obtained by Kratky plot analysis displayed the globular shape and fully folded state with flexibility in the N-terminal region. The HtBgl crystal structure superposed well with the SAXS derived dummy atom model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kedar Sharma
- DBT PAN-IIT Centre of Bioenergy, Carbohydrate Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Abhijeet Thakur
- DBT PAN-IIT Centre of Bioenergy, Carbohydrate Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- DBT PAN-IIT Centre of Bioenergy, Carbohydrate Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Arun Goyal
- DBT PAN-IIT Centre of Bioenergy, Carbohydrate Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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Konar S, Sinha SK, Datta S, Ghorai PK. Probing the Effect of Glucose on the Activity and Stability of β-Glucosidase: An All-Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulation Investigation. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:11189-11196. [PMID: 31460219 PMCID: PMC6648728 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
β-Glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21) plays an essential role in the removal of glycosyl residues from disaccharide cellobiose to produce glucose during the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Although there exist a few β-glucosidase that are tolerant to large concentrations of glucose, these enzymes are typically prone to glucose inhibition. Understanding the basis of this inhibition is important for the production of cheaper biofuels from lignocellulose. In this study, all-atom molecular dynamics simulation at different temperatures and glucose concentrations was used to understand the molecular basis of glucose inhibition of GH1 β-glucosidase (B8CYA8) from Halothermothrix orenii. Our results show that glucose induces a broadening of the active site tunnel through residues lining the tunnel and facilitates the accumulation of glucose. In particular, we observed that glucose accumulates at the tunnel entrance and near the catalytic sites to block substrate accessibility and inhibit enzyme activity. The reduction of enzyme activity was also confirmed experimentally through specific activity measurements in the presence of 0-2.5 M glucose. We also show that the increase in glucose concentrations leads to a decrease in the number of water molecules inside the tunnel to affect substrate hydrolysis. Overall, the results help in understanding the role of residues along the active site tunnel for the engineering of glucose-tolerant β-glucosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Konar
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Protein Engineering Laboratory, Department
of Biological Sciences, Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, and Centre for Climate
Change and Environmental Sciences, Indian
Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Sushant K. Sinha
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Protein Engineering Laboratory, Department
of Biological Sciences, Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, and Centre for Climate
Change and Environmental Sciences, Indian
Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Supratim Datta
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Protein Engineering Laboratory, Department
of Biological Sciences, Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, and Centre for Climate
Change and Environmental Sciences, Indian
Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
- E-mail: (S.D.)
| | - Pradip Kr. Ghorai
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Protein Engineering Laboratory, Department
of Biological Sciences, Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, and Centre for Climate
Change and Environmental Sciences, Indian
Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
- E-mail: (P.K.G.)
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de Andrades D, Graebin NG, Kadowaki MK, Ayub MA, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Rodrigues RC. Immobilization and stabilization of different β-glucosidases using the glutaraldehyde chemistry: Optimal protocol depends on the enzyme. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 129:672-678. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Identification and characterization of a novel β-D-galactosidase that releases pyruvylated galactose. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12013. [PMID: 30104607 PMCID: PMC6090015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyruvyl modification of oligosaccharides is widely seen in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Although the biosynthetic mechanisms of pyruvylation have been investigated, enzymes that metabolize and degrade pyruvylated oligosaccharides are not well known. Here, we searched for a pyruvylated galactose (PvGal)-releasing enzyme by screening soil samples. We identified a Bacillus strain, as confirmed by the 16S ribosomal RNA gene analysis, that exhibited PvGal-ase activity toward p-nitrophenyl-β-D-pyruvylated galactopyranose (pNP-β-D-PvGal). Draft genome sequencing of this strain, named HMA207, identified three candidate genes encoding potential PvGal-ases, among which only the recombinant protein encoded by ORF1119 exhibited PvGal-ase activity. Although ORF1119 protein displayed broad substrate specificity for pNP sugars, pNP-β-D-PvGal was the most favorable substrate. The optimum pH for the ORF1119 PvGal-ase was determined as 7.5. A BLAST search suggested that ORF1119 homologs exist widely in bacteria. Among two homologs tested, BglC from Clostridium but not BglH from Bacillus showed PvGal-ase activity. Crystal structural analysis together with point mutation analysis revealed crucial amino acids for PvGal-ase activity. Moreover, ORF1119 protein catalyzed the hydrolysis of PvGal from galactomannan of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, suggesting that natural polysaccharides might be substrates of the PvGal-ase. This novel PvGal-catalyzing enzyme might be useful for glycoengineering projects to produce new oligosaccharide structures.
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Fusco FA, Fiorentino G, Pedone E, Contursi P, Bartolucci S, Limauro D. Biochemical characterization of a novel thermostable β-glucosidase from Dictyoglomus turgidum. Int J Biol Macromol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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34
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Biocatalytic strategies in the production of galacto-oligosaccharides and its global status. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 111:667-679. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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35
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Mukherjee I, Sinha SK, Datta S, De P. Recyclable Thermoresponsive Polymer−β-Glucosidase Conjugate with Intact Hydrolysis Activity. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:2286-2293. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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36
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Kim DH, Kim DH, Lee SH, Kim KH. A novel β-glucosidase from Saccharophagus degradans 2-40 T for the efficient hydrolysis of laminarin from brown macroalgae. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:64. [PMID: 29563967 PMCID: PMC5851131 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laminarin is a potential biomass feedstock for the production of glucose, which is the most preferable fermentable sugar in many microorganisms by which it can be converted to biofuels and bio-based chemicals. Also, laminarin is a good resource as functional materials because it consists of β-1,3-glucosidic linkages in its backbone and β-1,6-glucosidic linkages in its branches so that its oligosaccharides driven from laminarin have a variety of biological activities. It is industrially important to be able to produce laminarioligosaccharides as well as glucose from laminarin by a single enzyme because the enzyme cost accounts for a large part of bio-based products. In this study, we investigated the industrial applicability of Bgl1B, a unique β-glucosidase from Saccharophagus degradans 2-40T, belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 1 (GH1) by characterizing its activity of hydrolyzing laminarin under various conditions. RESULTS Bgl1B was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli from S. degradans 2-40T, and its enzymatic activity was characterized. Similar to most of β-glucosidases in GH1, Bgl1B was able to hydrolyze a variety of disaccharides having different β-linkages, such as laminaribiose, cellobiose, gentiobiose, lactose, and agarobiose, by cleaving β-1,3-, β-1,4-, and β-1,6-glycosidic linkages. However, Bgl1B showed the highest specific activity toward laminaribiose with a β-1,3-glycosidic linkage. In addition, it was able to hydrolyze laminarin, one of the major polysaccharides in brown macroalgae, into glucose with a conversion yield of 75% of theoretical maximum. Bgl1B also showed transglycosylation activity by producing oligosaccharides from laminarin and laminaribiose under a high mass ratio of substrate to enzyme. Furthermore, Bgl1B was found to be psychrophilic, exhibiting relative activity of 59-85% in the low-temperature range of 2-20 °C. CONCLUSIONS Bgl1B can directly hydrolyze laminarin into glucose with a high conversion yield without leaving any oligosaccharides. Bgl1B can exhibit high enzymatic activity in a broad range of low temperatures (2-20 °C), which is advantageous for establishing energy-efficient bioprocesses. In addition, under high substrate to enzyme ratios, Bgl1B can produce high-value laminarioligosaccharides via its transglycosylation activity. These results show that Bgl1B can be an industrially important enzyme for the production of biofuels and bio-based chemicals from brown macroalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 South Korea
| | - Do Hyoung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 South Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 South Korea
| | - Kyoung Heon Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 South Korea
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Chang F, Zhang X, Pan Y, Lu Y, Fang W, Fang Z, Xiao Y. Light induced expression of β-glucosidase in Escherichia coli with autolysis of cell. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:74. [PMID: 29115967 PMCID: PMC5688802 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0402-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background β-Glucosidase has attracted substantial attention in the scientific community because of its pivotal role in cellulose degradation, glycoside transformation and many other industrial processes. However, the tedious and costly expression and purification procedures have severely thwarted the industrial applications of β-glucosidase. Thus development of new strategies to express β-glucosidases with cost-effective and simple procedure to meet the increasing demands on enzymes for biocatalysis is of paramount importance. Results Light activated cassette YF1/FixJ and the SRRz lysis system were successfully constructed to produce Bgl1A(A24S/F297Y), a mutant β-glucosidase tolerant to both glucose and ethanol. By optimizing the parameters for light induction, Bgl1A(A24S/F297Y) activity reached 33.22 ± 2.0 U/mL and 249.92 ± 12.25 U/mL in 250-mL flask and 3-L fermentation tank, respectively, comparable to the controls of 34.02 ± 1.96 U/mL and 322.21 ± 10.16 U/mL under similar culture conditions with IPTG induction. To further simplify the production of our target protein, the SRRz lysis gene cassette from bacteriophage Lambda was introduced to trigger cell autolysis. As high as 84.53 ± 6.79% and 77.21 ± 4.79% of the total β-glucosidase were released into the lysate after cell autolysis in 250 mL flasks and 3-L scale fermentation with lactose as inducer of SRRz. In order to reduce the cost of protein purification, a cellulose-binding module (CBM) from Clostridium thermocellum was fused into the C-terminal of Bgl1A(A24S/F297Y) and cellulose was used as an economic material to adsorb the fusion enzyme from the lysate. The yield of the fusion protein could reach 92.20 ± 2.27% after one-hour adsorption at 25 °C. Conclusions We have developed an efficient and inexpensive way to produce β-glucosidase for potential industrial applications by using the combination of light induction, cell autolysis, and CBM purification strategy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12896-017-0402-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Xianbing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Yu Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Youxue Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Wei Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Zemin Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China. .,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China. .,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Yazhong Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China. .,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China. .,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
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Zhang L, Fu Q, Li W, Wang B, Yin X, Liu S, Xu Z, Niu Q. Identification and characterization of a novel β-glucosidase via metagenomic analysis of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and its microbial flora. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14850. [PMID: 29093477 PMCID: PMC5665999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14073-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
β-glucosidases catalyze the final step of cellulose hydrolysis and are essential in cellulose degradation. A β-glucosidase gene, cen502, was identified and isolated from a metagenomic library from Bursaphelenchus xylophilus via functional screening. Analyses indicated that cen502 encodes a 465 amino acid polypeptide that contains a catalytic domain belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 1 (GH1). Cen502 was heterologously expressed, purified, and biochemically characterized. Recombinant Cen502 displayed optimum enzymatic activity at pH 8.0 and 38 °C. The enzyme had highest specific activity to p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG; 180.3 U/mg) and had Km and Vmax values of 2.334 mol/ml and 9.017 μmol/min/mg, respectively. The addition of Fe2+ and Mn2+ significantly increased Cen502 β-glucosidase activity by 60% and 50%, respectively, while 10% and 25% loss of β-glucosidase activity was induced by addition of Pb2+ and K+, respectively. Cen502 exhibited activity against a broad array of substrates, including cellobiose, lactose, salicin, lichenan, laminarin, and sophorose. However, Cen502 displayed a preference for the hydrolysis of β-1,4 glycosidic bonds rather than β-1,3, β-1,6, or β-1,2 bonds. Our results indicate that Cen502 is a novel β-glucosidase derived from bacteria associated with B. xylophilus and may represent a promising target to enhance the efficiency of cellulose bio-degradation in industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473000, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473000, P.R. China
| | - Wenpeng Li
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473000, P.R. China
| | - Bowen Wang
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Yin
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473000, P.R. China
| | - Suyao Liu
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473000, P.R. China
| | - Zhaonan Xu
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473000, P.R. China
| | - Qiuhong Niu
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473000, P.R. China.
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Yuan Y, Xu F, Yao J, Hu Y, Wang J, Zhao T, Zhou Y, Gao J. Cloning, expression and biochemical characterization of a GH1 β-glucosidase from Cellulosimicrobium cellulans. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2017.1395415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yuan
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, PR China
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Natural Drugs in Changbai Mountain, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Fenghua Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jianzhuang Yao
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, PR China
| | - Yanho Hu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Natural Drugs in Changbai Mountain, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Natural Drugs in Changbai Mountain, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Tianjiao Zhao
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Natural Drugs in Changbai Mountain, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Yifa Zhou
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Natural Drugs in Changbai Mountain, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Juan Gao
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, PR China
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Heterologous expression and biochemical studies of a thermostable glucose tolerant β-glucosidase from Methylococcus capsulatus ( bath strain ). Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 102:805-812. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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41
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Acebrón I, Plaza-Vinuesa L, de Las Rivas B, Muñoz R, Cumella J, Sánchez-Sancho F, Mancheño JM. Structural basis of the substrate specificity and instability in solution of a glycosidase from Lactobacillus plantarum. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2017; 1865:1227-1236. [PMID: 28734976 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Statistics from structural genomics initiatives reveal that around 50-55% of the expressed, non-membrane proteins cannot be purified and therefore structurally characterized due to solubility problems, which emphasized protein solubility as one of the most serious concerns in structural biology projects. Lactobacillus plantarum CECT 748T produces an aggregation-prone glycosidase (LpBgl) that we crystallized previously. However, this result could not be reproduced due to protein instability and therefore further high-resolution structural analyses of LpBgl were impeded. The obtained crystals of LpBgl diffracted up to 2.48Å resolution and permitted to solve the structure of the enzyme. Analysis of the active site revealed a pocket for phosphate-binding with an uncommon architecture, where a phosphate molecule is tightly bound suggesting the recognition of 6-phosphoryl sugars. In agreement with this observation, we showed that LpBgl exhibited 6-phospho-β-glucosidase activity. Combination of structural and mass spectrometry results revealed the formation of dimethyl arsenic adducts on the solvent exposed cysteine residues Cys211 and Cys292. Remarkably, the double mutant Cys211Ser/Cys292Ser resulted stable in solution at high concentrations indicating that the marginal solubility of LpBgl can be ascribed specifically to these two cysteine residues. The 2.30Å crystal structure of this double mutant showed no disorder around the newly incorporated serine residues and also loop rearrangements within the phosphate-binding site. Notably, LpBgl could be prepared at high yield by proteolytic digestion of the fusion protein LSLt-LpBgl, which raises important questions about potential hysteretic processes upon its initial production as an enzyme fused to a solubility enhancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Acebrón
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, Serrano 119, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Plaza-Vinuesa
- Laboratory of Bacterial Biotechnology, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca de Las Rivas
- Laboratory of Bacterial Biotechnology, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Muñoz
- Laboratory of Bacterial Biotechnology, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Cumella
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - F Sánchez-Sancho
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Miguel Mancheño
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, Serrano 119, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
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Brognaro H, Almeida VM, de Araujo EA, Piyadov V, Santos MAM, Marana SR, Polikarpov I. Biochemical Characterization and Low-Resolution SAXS Molecular Envelope of GH1 β-Glycosidase from Saccharophagus degradans. Mol Biotechnol 2017; 58:777-788. [PMID: 27670285 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-016-9977-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The marine bacteria Saccharophagus degradans (also known as Microbulbifer degradans), are rod-shaped and gram-negative motile γ-proteobacteria, capable of both degrading a variety of complex polysaccharides and fermenting monosaccharides into ethanol. In order to obtain insights into structure-function relationships of the enzymes, involved in these biochemical processes, we characterized a S. degradans β-glycosidase from glycoside hydrolase family 1 (SdBgl1B). SdBgl1B has the optimum pH of 6.0 and a melting temperature T m of approximately 50 °C. The enzyme has high specificity toward short D-glucose saccharides with β-linkages with the following preferences β-1,3 > β-1,4 ≫ β-1,6. The enzyme kinetic parameters, obtained using artificial substrates p-β-NPGlu and p-β-NPFuc and also the disaccharides cellobiose, gentiobiose and laminaribiose, revealed SdBgl1B preference for p-β-NPGlu and laminaribiose, which indicates its affinity for glucose and also preference for β-1,3 linkages. To better understand structural basis of the enzyme activity its 3D model was built and analysed. The 3D model fits well into the experimentally retrieved low-resolution SAXS-based envelope of the enzyme, confirming monomeric state of SdBgl1B in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hevila Brognaro
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Vitor Medeiros Almeida
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, Bloco 10, Sala 1054, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Evandro Ares de Araujo
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Vasily Piyadov
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Maria Auxiliadora Morim Santos
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Sandro Roberto Marana
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, Bloco 10, Sala 1054, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Igor Polikarpov
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil.
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43
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Kumar P, Ryan B, Henehan G. β-Glucosidase from Streptomyces griseus : Nanoparticle immobilisation and application to alkyl glucoside synthesis. Protein Expr Purif 2017; 132:164-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Exploiting non-conserved residues to improve activity and stability of Halothermothrix orenii β-glucosidase. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 101:1455-1463. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7904-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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45
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Zhang T, Liang J, Wang P, Xu Y, Wang Y, Wei X, Fan M. Purification and characterization of a novel phloretin-2'-O-glycosyltransferase favoring phloridzin biosynthesis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35274. [PMID: 27731384 PMCID: PMC5059724 DOI: 10.1038/srep35274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Phloretin-2'-O-glycosyltransferase (P2'GT) catalyzes the last glycosylation step in the biosynthesis of phloridzin that contributes to the flavor, color and health benefits of apples and processed apple products. In this work, a novel P2'GT of Malus x domestica (MdP2'GT) with a specific activity of 46.82 μkat/Kg protein toward phloretin and uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) at an optimal temperature of 30 °C and pH 8.0 was purified from the engineered Pichia pastoris broth to homogeneity by anion exchange chromatography, His-Trap affinity chromatography and gel filtration. The purified MdP2'GT was low N-glycosylated and secreted as a stable dimer with a molecular mass of 70.7 kDa in its native form. Importantly, MdP2'GT also exhibited activity towards quercetin and adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG), kaempferol and UDPG, quercetin and UDP-galactose, isoliquiritigenin and UDPG, and luteolin and UDPG, producing only one isoquercitrin, astragalin, hyperoside, isoliquiritin, or cynaroside, respectively. This broad spectrum of activities make MdP2'GT a promising biocatalyst for the industrial preparation of the corresponding polyphenol glycosides, preferably for their subsequent isolation and purification. Besides, MdP2'GT displayed the lowest Km and the highest kcat/Km for phloretin and UDPG compared to all previously reported P2'GTs, making MdP2'GT favor phloridzin synthesis the most.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjing Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yang ling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jianqiang Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Panxue Wang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA01003, USA
| | - Ying Xu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science &Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Yutang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yang ling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xinyuan Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yang ling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Mingtao Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yang ling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Sinha SK, Datta S. β-Glucosidase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus sp. is a salt-tolerant enzyme that is stabilized by its reaction product glucose. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:8399-409. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7601-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hassan N, Geiger B, Gandini R, Patel BKC, Kittl R, Haltrich D, Nguyen TH, Divne C, Tan TC. Engineering a thermostable Halothermothrix orenii β-glucosidase for improved galacto-oligosaccharide synthesis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:3533-43. [PMID: 26621798 PMCID: PMC4803828 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7118-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Lactose is produced in large amounts as a by-product from the dairy industry. This inexpensive disaccharide can be converted to more useful value-added products such as galacto-oligosaccharides (GOSs) by transgalactosylation reactions with retaining β-galactosidases (BGALs) being normally used for this purpose. Hydrolysis is always competing with the transglycosylation reaction, and hence, the yields of GOSs can be too low for industrial use. We have reported that a β-glucosidase from Halothermothrix orenii (HoBGLA) shows promising characteristics for lactose conversion and GOS synthesis. Here, we engineered HoBGLA to investigate the possibility to further improve lactose conversion and GOS production. Five variants that targeted the glycone (-1) and aglycone (+1) subsites (N222F, N294T, F417S, F417Y, and Y296F) were designed and expressed. All variants show significantly impaired catalytic activity with cellobiose and lactose as substrates. Particularly, F417S is hydrolytically crippled with cellobiose as substrate with a 1000-fold decrease in apparent k cat, but to a lesser extent affected when catalyzing hydrolysis of lactose (47-fold lower k cat). This large selective effect on cellobiose hydrolysis is manifested as a change in substrate selectivity from cellobiose to lactose. The least affected variant is F417Y, which retains the capacity to hydrolyze both cellobiose and lactose with the same relative substrate selectivity as the wild type, but with ~10-fold lower turnover numbers. Thin-layer chromatography results show that this effect is accompanied by synthesis of a particular GOS product in higher yields by Y296F and F417S compared with the other variants, whereas the variant F417Y produces a higher yield of total GOSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Hassan
- AlbaNova University Center, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken 21, S-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Geiger
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rosaria Gandini
- AlbaNova University Center, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken 21, S-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Scheelelaboratoriet, Scheeles väg 2, S-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bharat K C Patel
- Microbial Gene Research and Resources Facility, School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Roman Kittl
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietmar Haltrich
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thu-Ha Nguyen
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Divne
- AlbaNova University Center, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken 21, S-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Scheelelaboratoriet, Scheeles väg 2, S-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tien Chye Tan
- AlbaNova University Center, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken 21, S-10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Scheelelaboratoriet, Scheeles väg 2, S-17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Zanphorlin LM, de Giuseppe PO, Honorato RV, Tonoli CCC, Fattori J, Crespim E, de Oliveira PSL, Ruller R, Murakami MT. Oligomerization as a strategy for cold adaptation: Structure and dynamics of the GH1 β-glucosidase from Exiguobacterium antarcticum B7. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23776. [PMID: 27029646 PMCID: PMC4815018 DOI: 10.1038/srep23776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychrophilic enzymes evolved from a plethora of structural scaffolds via multiple molecular pathways. Elucidating their adaptive strategies is instrumental to understand how life can thrive in cold ecosystems and to tailor enzymes for biotechnological applications at low temperatures. In this work, we used X-ray crystallography, in solution studies and molecular dynamics simulations to reveal the structural basis for cold adaptation of the GH1 β-glucosidase from Exiguobacterium antarcticum B7. We discovered that the selective pressure of low temperatures favored mutations that redesigned the protein surface, reduced the number of salt bridges, exposed more hydrophobic regions to the solvent and gave rise to a tetrameric arrangement not found in mesophilic and thermophilic homologues. As a result, some solvent-exposed regions became more flexible in the cold-adapted tetramer, likely contributing to enhance enzymatic activity at cold environments. The tetramer stabilizes the native conformation of the enzyme, leading to a 10-fold higher activity compared to the disassembled monomers. According to phylogenetic analysis, diverse adaptive strategies to cold environments emerged in the GH1 family, being tetramerization an alternative, not a rule. These findings reveal a novel strategy for enzyme cold adaptation and provide a framework for the semi-rational engineering of β-glucosidases aiming at cold industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Priscila Oliveira de Giuseppe
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory from the National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Vargas Honorato
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory from the National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celisa Caldana Costa Tonoli
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory from the National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Fattori
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory from the National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elaine Crespim
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sergio Lopes de Oliveira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory from the National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Ruller
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario Tyago Murakami
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory from the National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Pei X, Zhao J, Cai P, Sun W, Ren J, Wu Q, Zhang S, Tian C. Heterologous expression of a GH3 β-glucosidase from Neurospora crassa in Pichia pastoris with high purity and its application in the hydrolysis of soybean isoflavone glycosides. Protein Expr Purif 2016; 119:75-84. [PMID: 26596358 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2015.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown isoflavone aglycones to have more biological effects than their counterparts, isoflavone glycones. Some β-glucosidases can hydrolyze isoflavone glucosides to release aglycones, and discovery of these has attracted great interest. A glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 3 β-glucosidase (bgl2) gene from Neurospora crassa was heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris with high purity. The recombinant BGL2 enzyme displayed its highest activity at pH 5.0 and 60 °C, and had its maximum activity against p-nitrophenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (pNPG) (143.27 ± 4.79 U/mg), followed by cellobiose (74.99 ± 0.78 U/mg), gentiobiose (47.55 ± 0.15 U/mg), p-nitrophenyl-β-d-cellobioside (pNPC) (40.07 ± 0.87 U/mg), cellotriose (12.31 ± 0.36 U/mg) and cellotetraose (9.04 ± 0.14 U/mg). The kinetic parameters of Km and Vmax were 0.21 ± 0.01 mM and 147.93 ± 2.77 μM/mg/min for pNPG. The purified enzyme showed a heightened ability to convert the major soybean isoflavone glycosides (daidzin, genistin and glycitin) into their corresponding aglycone forms (daidzien, genistein and glycitein). With this activity against soybean isoflavone glycosides, BGL2 shows great potential for applications in the food, animal feed, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Pei
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Junqi Zhao
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Pengli Cai
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Wenliang Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Shihong Zhang
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Chaoguang Tian
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
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Peng X, Su H, Mi S, Han Y. A multifunctional thermophilic glycoside hydrolase from Caldicellulosiruptor owensensis with potential applications in production of biofuels and biochemicals. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:98. [PMID: 27141233 PMCID: PMC4852416 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0509-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thermophilic enzymes have attracted much attention for their advantages of high reaction velocity, exceptional thermostability, and decreased risk of contamination. Exploring efficient thermophilic glycoside hydrolases will accelerate the industrialization of biofuels and biochemicals. RESULTS A multifunctional glycoside hydrolase (GH) CoGH1A, belonging to GH1 family with high activities of β-d-glucosidase, exoglucanase, β-d-xylosidase, β-d-galactosidase, and transgalactosylation, was cloned and expressed from the extremely thermophilic bacterium Caldicellulosiruptor owensensis. The enzyme exerts excellent thermostability by retaining 100 % activity after 12-h incubation at 75 °C. The catalytic coefficients (k cat/K m) of the enzyme against pNP-β-D-galactopyranoside, pNP-β-D-glucopyranoside, pNP-β-D-cellobioside, pNP-β-D-xylopyranoside, and cellobiose were, respectively, 7450.0, 2467.5, 1085.4, 90.9, and 137.3 mM(-1) s(-1). When CoGH1A was supplemented at the dosage of 20 Ucellobiose g(-1) biomass for hydrolysis of the pretreated corn stover, comparing with the control, the glucose and xylose yields were, respectively, increased 37.9 and 42.1 %, indicating that the enzyme contributed not only for glucose but also for xylose release. The efficiencies of lactose decomposition and synthesis of galactooligosaccharides (GalOS) by CoGH1A were investigated at low (40 g L(-1)) and high (500 g L(-1)) initial lactose concentrations. At low lactose concentration, the time for decomposition of 83 % lactose was 10 min, which is much shorter than the reported 2-10 h for reaching such a decomposition rate. At high lactose concentration, after 50-min catalysis, the GalOS concentration reached 221 g L(-1) with a productivity of 265.2 g L(-1) h(-1). This productivity is at least 12-fold higher than those reported in literature. CONCLUSIONS The multifunctional glycoside hydrolase CoGH1A has high capabilities in saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass, decomposition of lactose, and synthesis of galactooligosaccharides. It is a promising enzyme to be used for bioconversion of carbohydrates in industrial scale. In addition, the results of this study indicate that the extremely thermophilic bacteria are potential resources for screening highly efficient glycoside hydrolases for the production of biofuels and biochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Su
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuofu Mi
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yejun Han
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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