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Wu J, Cheng X, Ji D, Niu H, Yao S, Lv X, Wang J, Li Z, Zheng H, Cao Y, Zhan F, Zhang M, Tian W, Huang X, Luan X, Cao L. The Phenotypic and Genotypic Spectrum of CSF1R-Related Disorder in China. Mov Disord 2024; 39:798-813. [PMID: 38465843 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R)-related disorder (CRD) is a rare autosomal dominant disease. The clinical and genetic characteristics of Chinese patients have not been elucidated. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study is to clarify the core features and influence factors of CRD patients in China. METHODS Clinical and genetic-related data of CRD patients in China were collected. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Sundal MRI Severity Score were evaluated. Whole exome sequencing was used to analyze the CSF1R mutation status. Patients were compared between different sexes, mutation types, or mutation locations. RESULTS A total of 103 patients were included, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.51. The average age of onset was (40.75 ± 8.58). Cognitive impairment (85.1%, 86/101) and parkinsonism (76.2%, 77/101) were the main clinical symptoms. The most common imaging feature was bilateral asymmetric white matter changes (100.0%). A total of 66 CSF1R gene mutants (22 novel mutations) were found, and 15 of 92 probands carried c.2381 T > C/p.I794T (16.30%). The MMSE and MoCA scores (17.0 [9.0], 11.90 ± 7.16) of female patients were significantly lower than those of male patients (23.0 [10.0], 16.36 ± 7.89), and the white matter severity score (20.19 ± 8.47) of female patients was significantly higher than that of male patients (16.00 ± 7.62). There is no statistical difference in age of onset between male and female patients. CONCLUSIONS The core manifestations of Chinese CRD patients are progressive cognitive decline, parkinsonism, and bilateral asymmetric white matter changes. Compared to men, women have more severe cognitive impairment and imaging changes. c.2381 T > C/p.I794T is a hotspot mutation in Chinese patients. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Wu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Neurological Rare Disease Biobank and Precision Diagnostic Technical Service Platform, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Duxin Ji
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huiwen Niu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Songquan Yao
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xukun Lv
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianqiang Wang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoran Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital Affiliated to Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Yuwen Cao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feixia Zhan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital Affiliated to Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Wotu Tian
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinghua Luan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Neurological Rare Disease Biobank and Precision Diagnostic Technical Service Platform, Shanghai, China
- China Adult-Onset Leukoencephalopathy with Neuroaxonal Spheroids and Pigmented Glia Collaborative Group (CACG), Shanghai, China
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2
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Gold L, Barci E, Brendel M, Orth M, Cheng J, Kirchleitner SV, Bartos LM, Pötter D, Kirchner MA, Unterrainer LM, Kaiser L, Ziegler S, Weidner L, Riemenschneider MJ, Unterrainer M, Belka C, Tonn JC, Bartenstein P, Niyazi M, von Baumgarten L, Kälin RE, Glass R, Lauber K, Albert NL, Holzgreve A. The Traumatic Inoculation Process Affects TSPO Radioligand Uptake in Experimental Orthotopic Glioblastoma. Biomedicines 2024; 12:188. [PMID: 38255293 PMCID: PMC10813339 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The translocator protein (TSPO) has been proven to have great potential as a target for the positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of glioblastoma. However, there is an ongoing debate about the potential various sources of the TSPO PET signal. This work investigates the impact of the inoculation-driven immune response on the PET signal in experimental orthotopic glioblastoma. METHODS Serial [18F]GE-180 and O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine ([18F]FET) PET scans were performed at day 7/8 and day 14/15 after the inoculation of GL261 mouse glioblastoma cells (n = 24) or saline (sham, n = 6) into the right striatum of immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice. An additional n = 25 sham mice underwent [18F]GE-180 PET and/or autoradiography (ARG) at days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 50 and 90 in order to monitor potential reactive processes that were solely related to the inoculation procedure. In vivo imaging results were directly compared to tissue-based analyses including ARG and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We found that the inoculation process represents an immunogenic event, which significantly contributes to TSPO radioligand uptake. [18F]GE-180 uptake in GL261-bearing mice surpassed [18F]FET uptake both in the extent and the intensity, e.g., mean target-to-background ratio (TBRmean) in PET at day 7/8: 1.22 for [18F]GE-180 vs. 1.04 for [18F]FET, p < 0.001. Sham mice showed increased [18F]GE-180 uptake at the inoculation channel, which, however, continuously decreased over time (e.g., TBRmean in PET: 1.20 at day 7 vs. 1.09 at day 35, p = 0.04). At the inoculation channel, the percentage of TSPO/IBA1 co-staining decreased, whereas TSPO/GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) co-staining increased over time (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION We identify the inoculation-driven immune response to be a relevant contributor to the PET signal and add a new aspect to consider for planning PET imaging studies in orthotopic glioblastoma models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Gold
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.G.)
| | - Enio Barci
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.G.)
- Neurosurgical Research, Department of Neurosurgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Brendel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.G.)
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Orth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jiying Cheng
- Neurosurgical Research, Department of Neurosurgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina V. Kirchleitner
- Department of Neurosurgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Laura M. Bartos
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.G.)
| | - Dennis Pötter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.G.)
| | - Maximilian A. Kirchner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.G.)
| | - Lena M. Unterrainer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.G.)
| | - Lena Kaiser
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.G.)
| | - Sibylle Ziegler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.G.)
| | - Lorraine Weidner
- Department of Neuropathology, Regensburg University Hospital, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Marcus Unterrainer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.G.)
- DIE RADIOLOGIE, 80331 Munich, Germany
| | - Claus Belka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Joerg-Christian Tonn
- Department of Neurosurgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.G.)
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Niyazi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Louisa von Baumgarten
- Department of Neurosurgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Roland E. Kälin
- Neurosurgical Research, Department of Neurosurgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer Glass
- Neurosurgical Research, Department of Neurosurgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Kirsten Lauber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Nathalie L. Albert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.G.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Adrien Holzgreve
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (L.G.)
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3
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Wang Y, Tian A, Zhang F, Yu J, Ling J. Inflammatory Immune Process and Depression-like Behavior in Hypothyroid Rats: A [ 18F] DPA-714 Micro Positron Emission Tomography Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:279. [PMID: 37259424 PMCID: PMC9964991 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypothyroidism is closely related to mental disorders, mainly depression, through an as-yet-unknown mechanism. The cerebral inflammatory immune process has been implied to play a pivotal role in the onset of affective symptoms in several conditions. In order to gain insight into the mechanism underlying the depressive behaviors in hypothyroid rats, brain microglial activation was evaluated using micro positron emission tomography imaging with a translocator protein (TSPO) radioligand. Hypothyroidism was induced in adult male Wistar rats by administration of 0.05% propylthiouracil in drinking water for five weeks. Open field, forced swimming and tail suspension tests were employed to evaluate the depressive behavior in hypothyroid rats, and the relationship between the behavioral changes and brain microglial activation was evaluated using [18F] DPA-714 micro positron emission tomography imaging. The open field test revealed significantly reduced first-minute activity and rearing behavior in the hypothyroid group, as well as significantly increased immobility in the forced swimming test and the tail suspension test. Hypothyroidism induced significantly increased microglial activation in the hippocampus. The radioligand uptake in the hippocampus correlated negatively with first-minute activity in the open field test (p < 0.05), and the radioligand uptake in the hippocampus correlated positively with changes in the immobility time in the forced swimming test and the tail suspension test (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry also confirmed the activation of microglia and inflammatory bodies in hypothyroid rats. The results indicate that hypothyroidism can induce depressive behavior in adult Wistar rats, microglial activation in the hippocampus plays an important role in the depressive behavior in hypothyroid rats and the inflammatory immune mechanism may underlie the behavioral abnormalities in thyroid dysfunction. Furthermore, the findings in the present study suggest there might be a common mechanism underlying depressive behavior in adult-onset hypothyroidism and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhen Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Aijuan Tian
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
- Nuclear Medicine Division, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying 257000, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Jianer Ling
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, China
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4
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Multi-Targeted Neutron Capture Therapy Combined with an 18 kDa Translocator Protein-Targeted Boron Compound Is an Effective Strategy in a Rat Brain Tumor Model. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041034. [PMID: 36831378 PMCID: PMC9953932 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has been adapted to high-grade gliomas (HG); however, some gliomas are refractory to BNCT using boronophenylalanine (BPA). In this study, the feasibility of BNCT targeting the 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) expressed in glioblastoma and surrounding environmental cells was investigated. METHODS Three rat glioma cell lines, an F98 rat glioma bearing brain tumor model, DPA-BSTPG which is a boron-10 compound targeting TSPO, BPA, and sodium borocaptate (BSH) were used. TSPO expression was evaluated in the F98 rat glioma model. Boron uptake was assessed in three rat glioma cell lines and in the F98 rat glioma model. In vitro and in vivo neutron irradiation experiments were performed. RESULTS DPA-BSTPG was efficiently taken up in vitro. The brain tumor has 16-fold higher TSPO expressions than its brain tissue. The compound biological effectiveness value of DPA-BSTPG was 8.43 to F98 rat glioma cells. The boron concentration in the tumor using DPA-BSTPG convection-enhanced delivery (CED) administration was approximately twice as high as using BPA intravenous administration. BNCT using DPA-BSTPG has significant efficacy over the untreated group. BNCT using a combination of BPA and DPA-BSTPG gained significantly longer survival times than using BPA alone. CONCLUSION DPA-BSTPG in combination with BPA may provide the multi-targeted neutron capture therapy against HG.
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5
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Lee SY, Oh HR, Kim YH, Bae SH, Lee Y, Lee YS, Lee BC, Cheon GJ, Kang KW, Youn H. Cerenkov luminescence imaging of interscapular brown adipose tissue using a TSPO-targeting PET probe in the UCP1 ThermoMouse. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:6380-6394. [PMID: 36168637 PMCID: PMC9475450 DOI: 10.7150/thno.74828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography ([18F]FDG-PET) has been widely used as an imaging technique to measure interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) activity. However, it is challenging to obtain iBAT-specific images using [18F]FDG-PET because increased uptake of [18F]FDG is observed in tumors, muscle, and inflamed tissues. Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in the mitochondrial membrane, a well-known molecular marker of BAT, has been proposed as a useful BAT imaging marker. Recently, the UCP1 ThermoMouse was developed as a reporter mouse for monitoring UCP1 expression and investigating BAT activation. In addition, Translocator protein-18 kDa (TSPO) located in the outer mitochondrial membrane is also overexpressed in BAT, suggesting that TSPO-targeting PET has potential for iBAT imaging. However, there are no studies monitoring BAT using TSPO-targeting PET probes in the UCP1 ThermoMouse. Moreover, the non-invasive Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) using Cerenkov radiation from the PET probe has been proposed as an alternative option for PET as it is less expensive and user-friendly. Therefore, we selected [18F]fm-PBR28-d2 as a TSPO-targeting PET probe for iBAT imaging to evaluate the usefulness of CLI in the UCP1 ThermoMouse. Methods: UCP1 ThermoMouse was used to monitor UCP1 expression. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed to measure the level of protein expression. [18F]fm-PBR28-d2 and [18F]FDG were used as radioactive probes for iBAT imaging. PET images were acquired with SimPET, and optical images were acquired with IVIS 100. Results: UCP1 ThermoMouse showed that UCP1 and TSPO expressions were correlated in iBAT. In both PET and CLI, the TSPO-targeting probe [18F]fm-PBR28-d2 was superior to [18F]FDG for acquiring iBAT images. The high molar activity of the probe was essential for CLI and PET imaging. We tested the feasibility of TSPO-targeting probe under cold exposure by imaging with TSPO-PET/CLI. Both signals of iBAT were clearly increased after cold stimulation. Under prolonged isoflurane anesthesia, TSPO-targeting images showed higher signals from iBAT in the short-term than in long-term groups. Conclusion: We demonstrated that TSPO-PET/CLI reflected UCP1 expression in iBAT imaging better than [18F]FDG-PET/CLI under the various conditions. Considering convenience and cost, TSPO-CLI could be used as an alternative TSPO-PET technique for iBAT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Yong Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Rim Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hwa Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Bae
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Lee
- Cancer Imaging Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Imaging Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Radiation Medicine Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Chul Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,Center for Nanomolecular Imaging and Innovative Drug Development, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Jeong Cheon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Wook Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Youn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Imaging Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Foray C, Barca C, Winkeler A, Wagner S, Hermann S, Schäfers M, Grauer OM, Zinnhardt B, Jacobs AH. Interrogating Glioma-Associated Microglia and Macrophage Dynamics Under CSF-1R Therapy with Multitracer In Vivo PET/MRI. J Nucl Med 2022; 63:1386-1393. [PMID: 35115369 PMCID: PMC9454459 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.263318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma-associated microglia and macrophages (GAMMs) are key players in creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment. They can be efficiently targeted by inhibiting the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R). We applied noninvasive PET/CT and PET/MRI using 18F-fluoroethyltyrosine (18F-FET) (amino acid metabolism) and N,N-diethyl-2-[4-(2-18F-fluoroethoxy)phenyl]-5,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-acetamide (18F-DPA-714) (translocator protein) to understand the role of GAMMs in glioma initiation, monitor in vivo therapy-induced GAMM depletion, and observe GAMM repopulation after drug withdrawal. Methods: C57BL/6 mice (n = 44) orthotopically implanted with syngeneic mouse GL261 glioma cells were treated with different regimens using the CSF-1R inhibitor PLX5622 (6-fluoro-N-((5-fluoro-2-methoxypyridin-3-yl)methyl)-5-((5-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)methyl)pyridin-2-amine) or vehicle, establishing a preconditioning model and a repopulation model, respectively. The mice underwent longitudinal PET/CT and PET/MRI. Results: The preconditioning model indicated similar tumor growth based on MRI (44.5% ± 24.8%), 18F-FET PET (18.3% ± 11.3%), and 18F-DPA-714 PET (16% ± 19.04%) volume dynamics in all groups, suggesting that GAMMs are not involved in glioma initiation. The repopulation model showed significantly reduced 18F-DPA-714 uptake (-45.6% ± 18.4%), significantly reduced GAMM infiltration even after repopulation, and a significantly decreased tumor volume (-54.29% ± 8.6%) with repopulation as measured by MRI, supported by a significant reduction in 18F-FET uptake (-50.2% ± 5.3%). Conclusion: 18F-FET and 18F-DPA-714 PET/MRI allow noninvasive assessment of glioma growth under various regimens of CSF-1R therapy. CSF-1R-mediated modulation of GAMMs may be of high interest as therapy or cotherapy against glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Foray
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; .,PET Imaging in Drug Design and Development, Münster, Germany
| | - Cristina Barca
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany;,PET Imaging in Drug Design and Development, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Wagner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sven Hermann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Schäfers
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany;,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Oliver M. Grauer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Zinnhardt
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany;,PET Imaging in Drug Design and Development, Münster, Germany;,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany;,Biomarkers and Translational Technologies, Neurosciences and Rare Diseases, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland; and
| | - Andreas H. Jacobs
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany;,PET Imaging in Drug Design and Development, Münster, Germany;,Department of Geriatrics with Neurology, Johanniter Hospital, and Centre for Integrated Oncology of the University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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7
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Barca C, Foray C, Zinnhardt B, Winkeler A, Herrlinger U, Grauer OM, Jacobs AH. In Vivo Quantitative Imaging of Glioma Heterogeneity Employing Positron Emission Tomography. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133139. [PMID: 35804911 PMCID: PMC9264799 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumor, highly aggressive by being proliferative, neovascularized and invasive, heavily infiltrated by immunosuppressive glioma-associated myeloid cells (GAMs), including glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMM) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Quantifying GAMs by molecular imaging could support patient selection for GAMs-targeting immunotherapy, drug target engagement and further assessment of clinical response. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and amino acid positron emission tomography (PET) are clinically established imaging methods informing on tumor size, localization and secondary phenomena but remain quite limited in defining tumor heterogeneity, a key feature of glioma resistance mechanisms. The combination of different imaging modalities improved the in vivo characterization of the tumor mass by defining functionally distinct tissues probably linked to tumor regression, progression and infiltration. In-depth image validation on tracer specificity, biological function and quantification is critical for clinical decision making. The current review provides a comprehensive overview of the relevant experimental and clinical data concerning the spatiotemporal relationship between tumor cells and GAMs using PET imaging, with a special interest in the combination of amino acid and translocator protein (TSPO) PET imaging to define heterogeneity and as therapy readouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Barca
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany; (C.F.); (B.Z.)
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (A.H.J.)
| | - Claudia Foray
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany; (C.F.); (B.Z.)
| | - Bastian Zinnhardt
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany; (C.F.); (B.Z.)
- Biomarkers & Translational Technologies (BTT), Pharma Research & Early Development (pRED), F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Winkeler
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, F-91401 Orsay, France;
| | - Ulrich Herrlinger
- Division of Clinical Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, D-53105 Bonn, Germany;
- Centre of Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital Bonn, D-53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver M. Grauer
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Andreas H. Jacobs
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany; (C.F.); (B.Z.)
- Centre of Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital Bonn, D-53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Geriatrics with Neurology, Johanniter Hospital, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (A.H.J.)
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8
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Galldiks N, Langen KJ, Albert NL, Law I, Kim MM, Villanueva-Meyer JE, Soffietti R, Wen PY, Weller M, Tonn JC. Investigational PET tracers in neuro-oncology-What's on the horizon? A report of the PET/RANO group. Neuro Oncol 2022; 24:1815-1826. [PMID: 35674736 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies in patients with brain tumors evaluating innovative PET tracers have been published in recent years, and the initial results are promising. Here, the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) PET working group provides an overview of the literature on novel investigational PET tracers for brain tumor patients. Furthermore, newer indications of more established PET tracers for the evaluation of glucose metabolism, amino acid transport, hypoxia, cell proliferation, and others are also discussed. Based on the preliminary findings, these novel investigational PET tracers should be further evaluated considering their promising potential. In particular, novel PET probes for imaging of translocator protein and somatostatin receptor overexpression as well as for immune system reactions appear to be of additional clinical value for tumor delineation and therapy monitoring. Progress in developing these radiotracers may contribute to improving brain tumor diagnostics and advancing clinical translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Galldiks
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener St. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3, -4), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany.,Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, and Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Langen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3, -4), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany.,Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, and Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nathalie L Albert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ian Law
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michelle M Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Javier E Villanueva-Meyer
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Riccardo Soffietti
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University and City of Health and Science Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joerg C Tonn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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9
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Holzgreve A, Pötter D, Brendel M, Orth M, Weidner L, Gold L, Kirchner MA, Bartos LM, Unterrainer LM, Unterrainer M, Steiger K, von Baumgarten L, Niyazi M, Belka C, Bartenstein P, Riemenschneider MJ, Lauber K, Albert NL. Longitudinal [ 18F]GE-180 PET Imaging Facilitates In Vivo Monitoring of TSPO Expression in the GL261 Glioblastoma Mouse Model. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040738. [PMID: 35453488 PMCID: PMC9030822 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is increasingly recognized as an interesting target for the imaging of glioblastoma (GBM). Here, we investigated TSPO PET imaging and autoradiography in the frequently used GL261 glioblastoma mouse model and aimed to generate insights into the temporal evolution of TSPO radioligand uptake in glioblastoma in a preclinical setting. We performed a longitudinal [18F]GE-180 PET imaging study from day 4 to 14 post inoculation in the orthotopic syngeneic GL261 GBM mouse model (n = 21 GBM mice, n = 3 sham mice). Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) was performed at the day of the final PET scan (±1 day). [18F]GE-180 autoradiography was performed on day 7, 11 and 14 (ex vivo: n = 13 GBM mice, n = 1 sham mouse; in vitro: n = 21 GBM mice; n = 2 sham mice). Brain sections were also used for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and TSPO immunohistochemistry. [18F]GE-180 uptake in PET was elevated at the site of inoculation in GBM mice as compared to sham mice at day 11 and later (at day 14, TBRmax +27% compared to sham mice, p = 0.001). In GBM mice, [18F]GE-180 uptake continuously increased over time, e.g., at day 11, mean TBRmax +16% compared to day 4, p = 0.011. [18F]GE-180 uptake as depicted by PET was in all mice co-localized with contrast-enhancement in CT and tissue-based findings. [18F]GE-180 ex vivo and in vitro autoradiography showed highly congruent tracer distribution (r = 0.99, n = 13, p < 0.001). In conclusion, [18F]GE-180 PET imaging facilitates non-invasive in vivo monitoring of TSPO expression in the GL261 GBM mouse model. [18F]GE-180 in vitro autoradiography is a convenient surrogate for ex vivo autoradiography, allowing for straightforward identification of suitable models and scan time-points on previously generated tissue sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Holzgreve
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), 81377 Munich, Germany; (A.H.); (D.P.); (M.B.); (L.G.); (M.A.K.); (L.M.B.); (L.M.U.); (P.B.)
| | - Dennis Pötter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), 81377 Munich, Germany; (A.H.); (D.P.); (M.B.); (L.G.); (M.A.K.); (L.M.B.); (L.M.U.); (P.B.)
| | - Matthias Brendel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), 81377 Munich, Germany; (A.H.); (D.P.); (M.B.); (L.G.); (M.A.K.); (L.M.B.); (L.M.U.); (P.B.)
| | - Michael Orth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.O.); (M.N.); (C.B.); (K.L.)
| | - Lorraine Weidner
- Department of Neuropathology, Regensburg University Hospital, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (L.W.); (M.J.R.)
| | - Lukas Gold
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), 81377 Munich, Germany; (A.H.); (D.P.); (M.B.); (L.G.); (M.A.K.); (L.M.B.); (L.M.U.); (P.B.)
| | - Maximilian A. Kirchner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), 81377 Munich, Germany; (A.H.); (D.P.); (M.B.); (L.G.); (M.A.K.); (L.M.B.); (L.M.U.); (P.B.)
| | - Laura M. Bartos
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), 81377 Munich, Germany; (A.H.); (D.P.); (M.B.); (L.G.); (M.A.K.); (L.M.B.); (L.M.U.); (P.B.)
| | - Lena M. Unterrainer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), 81377 Munich, Germany; (A.H.); (D.P.); (M.B.); (L.G.); (M.A.K.); (L.M.B.); (L.M.U.); (P.B.)
| | - Marcus Unterrainer
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), 81377 Munich, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.S.); (L.v.B.)
| | - Katja Steiger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.S.); (L.v.B.)
- Institute of Pathology, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Louisa von Baumgarten
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.S.); (L.v.B.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Niyazi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.O.); (M.N.); (C.B.); (K.L.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.S.); (L.v.B.)
| | - Claus Belka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.O.); (M.N.); (C.B.); (K.L.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.S.); (L.v.B.)
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), 81377 Munich, Germany; (A.H.); (D.P.); (M.B.); (L.G.); (M.A.K.); (L.M.B.); (L.M.U.); (P.B.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.S.); (L.v.B.)
| | - Markus J. Riemenschneider
- Department of Neuropathology, Regensburg University Hospital, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (L.W.); (M.J.R.)
| | - Kirsten Lauber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.O.); (M.N.); (C.B.); (K.L.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.S.); (L.v.B.)
| | - Nathalie L. Albert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich), 81377 Munich, Germany; (A.H.); (D.P.); (M.B.); (L.G.); (M.A.K.); (L.M.B.); (L.M.U.); (P.B.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.S.); (L.v.B.)
- Correspondence:
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10
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Li X, Wang R, Zhang Y, Han S, Gan Y, Liang Q, Ma X, Rong P, Wang W, Li W. Molecular imaging of tumor-associated macrophages in cancer immunotherapy. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221076194. [PMID: 35251314 PMCID: PMC8891912 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221076194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), the most abundant inflammatory cell group in the tumor microenvironment, play an essential role in tumor immune regulation. The infiltration degree of TAMs in the tumor microenvironment is closely related to tumor growth and metastasis, and TAMs have become a promising target in tumor immunotherapy. Molecular imaging is a new interdisciplinary subject that combines medical imaging technology with molecular biology, nuclear medicine, radiation medicine, and computer science. The latest progress in molecular imaging allows the biological processes of cells to be visualized in vivo, which makes it possible to better understand the density and distribution of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. This review mainly discusses the application of targeting TAM in tumor immunotherapy and the imaging characteristics and progress of targeting TAM molecular probes using various imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Li
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruike Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yangnan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangze Han
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Gan
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Liang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Rong
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Zinnhardt B, Roncaroli F, Foray C, Agushi E, Osrah B, Hugon G, Jacobs AH, Winkeler A. Imaging of the glioma microenvironment by TSPO PET. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 49:174-185. [PMID: 33721063 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05276-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are highly dynamic and heterogeneous tumours of the central nervous system (CNS). They constitute the most common neoplasm of the CNS and the second most common cause of death from intracranial disease after stroke. The advances in detailing the genetic profile of paediatric and adult gliomas along with the progress in MRI and PET multimodal molecular imaging technologies have greatly improved prognostic stratification of patients with glioma and informed on treatment decisions. Amino acid PET has already gained broad clinical application in the study of gliomas. PET imaging targeting the translocator protein (TSPO) has recently been applied to decipher the heterogeneity and dynamics of the tumour microenvironment (TME) and its various cellular components especially in view of targeted immune therapies with the goal to delineate pro- and anti-glioma immune cell modulation. The current review provides a comprehensive overview on the historical developments of TSPO PET for gliomas and summarizes the most relevant experimental and clinical data with regard to the assessment and quantification of various cellular components with the TME of gliomas by in vivo TSPO PET imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Zinnhardt
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster (WWU), Münster, Germany
- Biomarkers and Translational Technologies, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Federico Roncaroli
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Brain and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Claudia Foray
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster (WWU), Münster, Germany
| | - Erjon Agushi
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Brain and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Bahiya Osrah
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Brain and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Gaëlle Hugon
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Andreas H Jacobs
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster (WWU), Münster, Germany
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, Johanniter Hospital, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexandra Winkeler
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.
- CEA, DRF, JOLIOT, SHFJ, Orsay, France.
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12
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Chauhan P, Kaur G, Prasad R, Singh H. Pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia: immunological aspects and potential role of immunotherapy. Expert Rev Neurother 2021; 21:1441-1453. [PMID: 34654348 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2021.1994857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Schizophrenia is a complex disorder owing to diversity in clinical phenotypes, overlapping symptoms, and heterogeneous clinical presentation. Even after decades of research, the exact causative mechanisms of schizophrenia are not completely known. Recent evidence indicates the role of immune dysfunction in schizophrenia pathogenesis as observed from alteration in immune cells, increased activity of complement cascade, and development of autoantibodies against neurotransmitter receptors. Immunotherapy involving immunosuppressants and cytokine-targeting drugs, have shown promising results in several clinical studies and it demands further research in this area. AREAS COVERED Here, the authors review the immunopathogenesis of schizophrenia, limitations of conventional, and atypical antipsychotic drugs and the potential role and limitations of immunotherapeutic drugs in schizophrenia management. EXPERT OPINION Schizophrenia is a complex disorder and poses a challenge to the currently available treatment approaches. Nearly 30% schizophrenia patients exhibit minimal response toward conventional and atypical antipsychotic drugs. Immune system dysfunction plays an important part of schizophrenia pathophysiology and existing monoclonal antibody (mAb) drugs targeting specific components of the immune system are being repositioned in schizophrenia. The authors call upon public and private funders to facilitate urgent and rigorous research efforts in exploring potential role of immunotherapy in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Chauhan
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gurjit Kaur
- Department of Physiology, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Harmanjit Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India
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13
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Tran V, Lux F, Tournier N, Jego B, Maître X, Anisorac M, Comtat C, Jan S, Selmeczi K, Evans MJ, Tillement O, Kuhnast B, Truillet C. Quantitative Tissue Pharmacokinetics and EPR Effect of AGuIX Nanoparticles: A Multimodal Imaging Study in an Orthotopic Glioblastoma Rat Model and Healthy Macaque. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100656. [PMID: 34212539 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AGuIX are emerging radiosensitizing nanoparticles (NPs) for precision radiotherapy (RT) under clinical evaluation (Phase 2). Despite being accompanied by MRI thanks to the presence of gadolinium (Gd) at its surface, more sensitive and quantifiable imaging technique should further leverage the full potential of this technology. In this study, it is shown that 89 Zr can be labeled on such NPs directly for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with a simple and scalable method. The stability of such complexes is remarkable in vitro and in vivo. Using a glioblastoma orthotopic rat model, it is shown that injected 89 Zr-AGuIX is detectable inside the tumor for at least 1 week. Interestingly, the particles seem to efficiently infiltrate the tumor even in necrotic areas, which places great hope for the treatment of radioresistant tumor. Lastly, the first PET/MR whole-body imaging is performed in non-human primate (NHP), which further demonstrates the translational potential of these bimodal NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu‐Long Tran
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris Saclay CEA/INSERM/CNRS/Université Paris‐Saclay Orsay 91401 France
| | - François Lux
- Institut Lumière Matière Université Claude Bernard Lyon I CNRS UMR 5306 Villeurbanne 69622 France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF) Paris France
| | - Nicolas Tournier
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris Saclay CEA/INSERM/CNRS/Université Paris‐Saclay Orsay 91401 France
| | - Benoit Jego
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris Saclay CEA/INSERM/CNRS/Université Paris‐Saclay Orsay 91401 France
| | - Xavier Maître
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris Saclay CEA/INSERM/CNRS/Université Paris‐Saclay Orsay 91401 France
| | | | - Claude Comtat
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris Saclay CEA/INSERM/CNRS/Université Paris‐Saclay Orsay 91401 France
| | - Sébastien Jan
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris Saclay CEA/INSERM/CNRS/Université Paris‐Saclay Orsay 91401 France
| | | | - Michael J. Evans
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco 505 Parnassus Ave San Francisco CA 94143 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of California San Francisco 505 Parnassus Ave San Francisco CA 94143 USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center University of California San Francisco 505 Parnassus Ave San Francisco CA 94143 USA
| | - Olivier Tillement
- Institut Lumière Matière Université Claude Bernard Lyon I CNRS UMR 5306 Villeurbanne 69622 France
| | - Bertrand Kuhnast
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris Saclay CEA/INSERM/CNRS/Université Paris‐Saclay Orsay 91401 France
| | - Charles Truillet
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris Saclay CEA/INSERM/CNRS/Université Paris‐Saclay Orsay 91401 France
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14
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Bolcaen J, Kleynhans J, Nair S, Verhoeven J, Goethals I, Sathekge M, Vandevoorde C, Ebenhan T. A perspective on the radiopharmaceutical requirements for imaging and therapy of glioblastoma. Theranostics 2021; 11:7911-7947. [PMID: 34335972 PMCID: PMC8315062 DOI: 10.7150/thno.56639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous clinical trials and pre-clinical developments, the treatment of glioblastoma (GB) remains a challenge. The current survival rate of GB averages one year, even with an optimal standard of care. However, the future promises efficient patient-tailored treatments, including targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). Advances in radiopharmaceutical development have unlocked the possibility to assess disease at the molecular level allowing individual diagnosis. This leads to the possibility of choosing a tailored, targeted approach for therapeutic modalities. Therapeutic modalities based on radiopharmaceuticals are an exciting development with great potential to promote a personalised approach to medicine. However, an effective targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) for the treatment of GB entails caveats and requisites. This review provides an overview of existing nuclear imaging and TRT strategies for GB. A critical discussion of the optimal characteristics for new GB targeting therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals and clinical indications are provided. Considerations for target selection are discussed, i.e. specific presence of the target, expression level and pharmacological access to the target, with particular attention to blood-brain barrier crossing. An overview of the most promising radionuclides is given along with a validation of the relevant radiopharmaceuticals and theranostic agents (based on small molecules, peptides and monoclonal antibodies). Moreover, toxicity issues and safety pharmacology aspects will be presented, both in general and for the brain in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bolcaen
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Janke Kleynhans
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure NPC, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear Medicine Department, University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Shankari Nair
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Ingeborg Goethals
- Ghent University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mike Sathekge
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure NPC, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear Medicine Department, University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Charlot Vandevoorde
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure NPC, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear Medicine Department, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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15
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Zinnhardt B, Müther M, Roll W, Backhaus P, Jeibmann A, Foray C, Barca C, Döring C, Tavitian B, Dollé F, Weckesser M, Winkeler A, Hermann S, Wagner S, Wiendl H, Stummer W, Jacobs AH, Schäfers M, Grauer OM. TSPO imaging-guided characterization of the immunosuppressive myeloid tumor microenvironment in patients with malignant glioma. Neuro Oncol 2021; 22:1030-1043. [PMID: 32047908 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-associated microglia and macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are potent immunosuppressors in the glioma tumor microenvironment (TME). Their infiltration is associated with tumor grade, progression, and therapy resistance. Specific tools for image-guided analysis of spatiotemporal changes in the immunosuppressive myeloid tumor compartments are missing. We aimed (i) to evaluate the role of fluorodeoxyglucose (18F)DPA-714* (translocator protein [TSPO]) PET-MRI in the assessment of the immunosuppressive TME in glioma patients, and (ii) to cross-correlate imaging findings with in-depth immunophenotyping. METHODS To characterize the glioma TME, a mixed collective of 9 glioma patients underwent [18F]DPA-714-PET-MRI in addition to [18F]fluoro-ethyl-tyrosine (FET)-PET-MRI. Image-guided biopsy samples were immunophenotyped by multiparametric flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. In vitro autoradiography was performed for image validation and assessment of tracer binding specificity. RESULTS We found a strong relationship (r = 0.84, P = 0.009) between the [18F]DPA-714 uptake and the number and activation level of glioma-associated myeloid cells (GAMs). TSPO expression was mainly restricted to human leukocyte antigen D related-positive (HLA-DR+) activated GAMs, particularly to tumor-infiltrating HLA-DR+ MDSCs and TAMs. [18F]DPA-714-positive tissue volumes exceeded [18F]FET-positive volumes and showed a differential spatial distribution. CONCLUSION [18F]DPA-714-PET may be used to non-invasively image the glioma-associated immunosuppressive TME in vivo. This imaging paradigm may also help to characterize the heterogeneity of the glioma TME with respect to the degree of myeloid cell infiltration at various disease stages. [18F]DPA-714 may also facilitate the development of new image-guided therapies targeting the myeloid-derived TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Zinnhardt
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,Immune Image-IMI Consortium, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,PET Imaging in Drug Design and Development (PET3D), University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Müther
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Roll
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Philipp Backhaus
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Astrid Jeibmann
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Claudia Foray
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,PET Imaging in Drug Design and Development (PET3D), University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Cristina Barca
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,PET Imaging in Drug Design and Development (PET3D), University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Döring
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bertrand Tavitian
- Inserm Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Dollé
- Inserm Unit 1023, In Vivo Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France
| | - Matthias Weckesser
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexandra Winkeler
- Inserm Unit 1023, In Vivo Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France
| | - Sven Hermann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Immune Image-IMI Consortium, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Wagner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Walter Stummer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas H Jacobs
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Immune Image-IMI Consortium, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,PET Imaging in Drug Design and Development (PET3D), University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Geriatrics, Johanniter Hospital, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Schäfers
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,Immune Image-IMI Consortium, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Oliver M Grauer
- Immune Image-IMI Consortium, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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16
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Foray C, Valtorta S, Barca C, Winkeler A, Roll W, Müther M, Wagner S, Gardner ML, Hermann S, Schäfers M, Grauer OM, Moresco RM, Zinnhardt B, Jacobs AH. Imaging temozolomide-induced changes in the myeloid glioma microenvironment. Theranostics 2021; 11:2020-2033. [PMID: 33500706 PMCID: PMC7797694 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The heterogeneous nature of gliomas makes the development and application of novel treatments challenging. In particular, infiltrating myeloid cells play a role in tumor progression and therapy resistance. Hence, a detailed understanding of the dynamic interplay of tumor cells and immune cells in vivo is necessary. To investigate the complex interaction between tumor progression and therapy-induced changes in the myeloid immune component of the tumor microenvironment, we used a combination of [18F]FET (amino acid metabolism) and [18F]DPA-714 (TSPO, GAMMs, tumor cells, astrocytes, endothelial cells) PET/MRI together with immune-phenotyping. The aim of the study was to monitor temozolomide (TMZ) treatment response and therapy-induced changes in the inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME). Methods: Eighteen NMRInu/nu mice orthotopically implanted with Gli36dEGFR cells underwent MRI and PET/CT scans before and after treatment with TMZ or DMSO (vehicle). Tumor-to-background (striatum) uptake ratios were calculated and areas of unique tracer uptake (FET vs. DPA) were determined using an atlas-based volumetric approach. Results: TMZ therapy significantly modified the spatial distribution and uptake of both tracers. [18F]FET uptake was significantly reduced after therapy (-53 ± 84%) accompanied by a significant decrease of tumor volume (-17 ± 6%). In contrast, a significant increase (61 ± 33%) of [18F]DPA-714 uptake was detected by TSPO imaging in specific areas of the tumor. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) validated the reduction in tumor volumes and further revealed the presence of reactive TSPO-expressing glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMMs) in the TME. Conclusion: We confirm the efficiency of [18F]FET-PET for monitoring TMZ-treatment response and demonstrate that in vivo TSPO-PET performed with [18F]DPA-714 can be used to identify specific reactive areas of myeloid cell infiltration in the TME.
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17
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Shankar A, Bomanji J, Hyare H. Hybrid PET-MRI Imaging in Paediatric and TYA Brain Tumours: Clinical Applications and Challenges. J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10040218. [PMID: 33182433 PMCID: PMC7711629 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10040218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains the gold standard for brain tumour imaging in paediatric and teenage and young adult (TYA) patients. Combining positron emission tomography (PET) with MRI offers an opportunity to improve diagnostic accuracy. (2) Method: Our single-centre experience of 18F-fluorocholine (FCho) and 18fluoro-L-phenylalanine (FDOPA) PET–MRI in paediatric/TYA neuro-oncology patients is presented. (3) Results: Hybrid PET–MRI shows promise in the evaluation of gliomas and germ cell tumours in (i) assessing early treatment response and (ii) discriminating tumour from treatment-related changes. (4) Conclusions: Combined PET–MRI shows promise for improved diagnostic and therapeutic assessment in paediatric and TYA brain tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananth Shankar
- Children and Young People’s Cancer Services, University College London hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London NW1 2PG, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-20-3447-9950
| | - Jamshed Bomanji
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University College London hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London NW1 2PG, UK;
| | - Harpreet Hyare
- Department of Radiology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London NW1 2PG, UK;
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
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18
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Pigeon H, Pérès EA, Truillet C, Jego B, Boumezbeur F, Caillé F, Zinnhardt B, Jacobs AH, Le Bihan D, Winkeler A. TSPO-PET and diffusion-weighted MRI for imaging a mouse model of infiltrative human glioma. Neuro Oncol 2020; 21:755-764. [PMID: 30721979 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most devastating brain tumor. Despite the use of multimodal treatments, most patients relapse, often due to the highly invasive nature of gliomas. However, the detection of glioma infiltration remains challenging. The aim of this study was to assess advanced PET and MRI techniques for visualizing biological activity and infiltration of the tumor. METHODS Using multimodality imaging, we investigated [18F]DPA-714, a radiotracer targeting the 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO), [18F]FET PET, non-Gaussian diffusion MRI (apparent diffusion coefficient, kurtosis), and the S-index, a composite diffusion metric, to detect tumor infiltration in a human invasive glioma model. In vivo imaging findings were confirmed by autoradiography and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Increased tumor-to-contralateral [18F]DPA-714 uptake ratios (1.49 ± 0.11) were found starting 7 weeks after glioma cell implantation. TSPO-PET allowed visualization of glioma infiltration into the contralateral hemisphere 2 weeks earlier compared with the clinically relevant biomarker for biological glioma activity [18F]FET. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), in particular kurtosis, was more sensitive than standard T2-weighted MRI to detect differences between the glioma-bearing and the contralateral hemisphere at 5 weeks. Immunofluorescence data reflect in vivo findings. Interestingly, labeling for tumoral and stromal TSPO indicates a predominant expression of TSPO by tumor cells. CONCLUSION These results suggest that advanced PET and MRI methods, such as [18F]DPA-714 and DWI, may be superior to standard imaging methods to visualize glioma growth and infiltration at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayet Pigeon
- UMR 1023, IMIV, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, CEA, Inserm, Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Elodie A Pérès
- UMR 1023, IMIV, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, CEA, Inserm, Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.,NeuroSpin, CEA/Université Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France.,Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, ISTCT/CERVOxy Group, Caen, France
| | - Charles Truillet
- UMR 1023, IMIV, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, CEA, Inserm, Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Benoit Jego
- UMR 1023, IMIV, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, CEA, Inserm, Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | | | - Fabien Caillé
- UMR 1023, IMIV, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, CEA, Inserm, Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Bastian Zinnhardt
- EIMI and Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms University Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas H Jacobs
- EIMI and Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms University Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Geriatrics, Johanniter Hospital, Evangelische Kliniken, Bonn, Germany
| | - Denis Le Bihan
- NeuroSpin, CEA/Université Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Alexandra Winkeler
- UMR 1023, IMIV, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, CEA, Inserm, Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
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19
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Banati RB, Wilcox P, Xu R, Yin G, Si E, Son ET, Shimizu M, Holsinger RMD, Parmar A, Zahra D, Arthur A, Middleton RJ, Liu GJ, Charil A, Graeber MB. Selective, high-contrast detection of syngeneic glioblastoma in vivo. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9968. [PMID: 32561881 PMCID: PMC7305160 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67036-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a highly malignant, largely therapy-resistant brain tumour. Deep infiltration of brain tissue by neoplastic cells represents the key problem of diffuse glioma. Much current research focuses on the molecular makeup of the visible tumour mass rather than the cellular interactions in the surrounding brain tissue infiltrated by the invasive glioma cells that cause the tumour’s ultimately lethal outcome. Diagnostic neuroimaging that enables the direct in vivo observation of the tumour infiltration zone and the local host tissue responses at a preclinical stage are important for the development of more effective glioma treatments. Here, we report an animal model that allows high-contrast imaging of wild-type glioma cells by positron emission tomography (PET) using [18 F]PBR111, a selective radioligand for the mitochondrial 18 kDa Translocator Protein (TSPO), in the Tspo−/− mouse strain (C57BL/6-Tspotm1GuMu(GuwiyangWurra)). The high selectivity of [18 F]PBR111 for the TSPO combined with the exclusive expression of TSPO in glioma cells infiltrating into null-background host tissue free of any TSPO expression, makes it possible, for the first time, to unequivocally and with uniquely high biological contrast identify peri-tumoral glioma cell invasion at preclinical stages in vivo. Comparison of the in vivo imaging signal from wild-type glioma cells in a null background with the signal in a wild-type host tissue, where the tumour induces the expected TSPO expression in the host’s glial cells, illustrates the substantial extent of the peritumoral host response to the growing tumour. The syngeneic tumour (TSPO+/+) in null background (TSPO−/−) model is thus well suited to study the interaction of the tumour front with the peri-tumoral tissue, and the experimental evaluation of new therapeutic approaches targeting the invasive behaviour of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Banati
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia. .,Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
| | - Paul Wilcox
- Brain Tumour Research, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Ran Xu
- Brain Tumour Research, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Grace Yin
- Brain Tumour Research, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Emily Si
- Brain Tumour Research, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Eric Taeyoung Son
- Brain Tumour Research, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Mauricio Shimizu
- Brain Tumour Research, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - R M Damian Holsinger
- Molecular Neuroscience, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Arvind Parmar
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia
| | - David Zahra
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia
| | - Andrew Arthur
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia
| | - Ryan J Middleton
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia
| | - Guo-Jun Liu
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia.,Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Arnaud Charil
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia
| | - Manuel B Graeber
- Brain Tumour Research, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
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20
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Foray C, Barca C, Backhaus P, Schelhaas S, Winkeler A, Viel T, Schäfers M, Grauer O, Jacobs AH, Zinnhardt B. Multimodal Molecular Imaging of the Tumour Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1225:71-87. [PMID: 32030648 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-35727-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The tumour microenvironment (TME) surrounding tumour cells is a highly dynamic and heterogeneous composition of immune cells, fibroblasts, precursor cells, endothelial cells, signalling molecules and extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Due to the heterogeneity and the constant crosstalk between the TME and the tumour cells, the components of the TME are important prognostic parameters in cancer and determine the response to novel immunotherapies. To improve the characterization of the TME, novel non-invasive imaging paradigms targeting the complexity of the TME are urgently needed.The characterization of the TME by molecular imaging will (1) support early diagnosis and disease follow-up, (2) guide (stereotactic) biopsy sampling, (3) highlight the dynamic changes during disease pathogenesis in a non-invasive manner, (4) help monitor existing therapies, (5) support the development of novel TME-targeting therapies and (6) aid stratification of patients, according to the cellular composition of their tumours in correlation to their therapy response.This chapter will summarize the most recent developments and applications of molecular imaging paradigms beyond FDG for the characterization of the dynamic molecular and cellular changes in the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Foray
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,PET Imaging in Drug Design and Development (PET3D), Münster, Germany
| | - Cristina Barca
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,PET Imaging in Drug Design and Development (PET3D), Münster, Germany
| | - Philipp Backhaus
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms University Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sonja Schelhaas
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexandra Winkeler
- UMR 1023, IMIV, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, CEA, Inserm, Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Thomas Viel
- Paris Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, INSERM-U970, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Michael Schäfers
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms University Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Oliver Grauer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas H Jacobs
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,PET Imaging in Drug Design and Development (PET3D), Münster, Germany.,Department of Geriatrics, Johanniter Hospital, Evangelische Kliniken, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bastian Zinnhardt
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany. .,PET Imaging in Drug Design and Development (PET3D), Münster, Germany. .,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms University Münster, Münster, Germany.
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21
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Moreau A, Febvey O, Mognetti T, Frappaz D, Kryza D. Contribution of Different Positron Emission Tomography Tracers in Glioma Management: Focus on Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1134. [PMID: 31737567 PMCID: PMC6839136 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although rare, glioblastomas account for the majority of primary brain lesions, with a dreadful prognosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is currently the imaging method providing the higher resolution. However, it does not always succeed in distinguishing recurrences from non-specific temozolomide, have been shown to improve -related changes caused by the combination of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy, also called pseudoprogression. Strenuous attempts to overcome this issue is highly required for these patients with a short life expectancy for both ethical and economic reasons. Additional reliable information may be obtained from positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. The development of this technique, along with the emerging of new classes of tracers, can help in the diagnosis, prognosis, and assessment of therapies. We reviewed the current data about the commonly used tracers, such as 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) and radiolabeled amino acids, as well as different PET tracers recently investigated, to report their strengths, limitations, and relevance in glioblastoma management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - David Kryza
- UNIV Lyon - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, LAGEPP UMR 5007 CNRS Villeurbanne, Villeurbanne, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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22
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Rewiring of Cancer Cell Metabolism by Mitochondrial VDAC1 Depletion Results in Time-Dependent Tumor Reprogramming: Glioblastoma as a Proof of Concept. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111330. [PMID: 31661894 PMCID: PMC6912264 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprograming of the metabolism of cancer cells is an event recognized as a hallmark of the disease. The mitochondrial gatekeeper, voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), mediates transport of metabolites and ions in and out of mitochondria, and is involved in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Here, we compared the effects of reducing hVDAC1 expression in a glioblastoma xenograft using human-specific si-RNA (si-hVDAC1) for a short (19 days) and a long term (40 days). Tumors underwent reprograming, reflected in rewired metabolism, eradication of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and differentiation. Short- and long-term treatments of the tumors with si-hVDAC1 similarly reduced the expression of metabolism-related enzymes, and translocator protein (TSPO) and CSCs markers. In contrast, differentiation into cells expressing astrocyte or neuronal markers was noted only after a long period during which the tumor cells were hVDAC1-depleted. This suggests that tumor cell differentiation is a prolonged process that precedes metabolic reprograming and the “disappearance” of CSCs. Tumor proteomics analysis revealing global changes in the expression levels of proteins associated with signaling, synthesis and degradation of proteins, DNA structure and replication and epigenetic changes, all of which were highly altered after a long period of si-hVDAC1 tumor treatment. The depletion of hVDAC1 greatly reduced the levels of the multifunctional translocator protein TSPO, which is overexpressed in both the mitochondria and the nucleus of the tumor. The results thus show that VDAC1 depletion-mediated cancer cell metabolic reprograming involves a chain of events occurring in a sequential manner leading to a reversal of the unique properties of the tumor, indicative of the interplay between metabolism and oncogenic signaling networks.
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23
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Tang D, Li J, Nickels ML, Huang G, Cohen AS, Manning HC. Preclinical Evaluation of a Novel TSPO PET Ligand 2-(7-Butyl-2-(4-(2-[ 18F]Fluoroethoxy)phenyl)-5-Methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]Pyrimidin-3-yl)-N,N-Diethylacetamide ( 18F-VUIIS1018A) to Image Glioma. Mol Imaging Biol 2019; 21:113-121. [PMID: 29869061 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1198-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is an urgent need for the development of novel positron emission tomography (PET) tracers for glioma imaging. In this study, we developed a novel PET probe ([18F]VUIIS1018A) by targeting translocator protein (TSPO), an imaging biomarker for glioma. The purpose of this preclinical study was to evaluate this novel TSPO probe for glioma imaging. PROCEDURES In this study, we synthesized [19F]VUIIS1018A and the precursor for radiosynthesis of [18F]VUIIS1018A. TSPO binding affinity was confirmed using a radioligand competitive binding assay in C6 glioma cell lysate. Further, dynamic imaging studies were performed in rats using a microPET system. These studies include displacement and blocking studies for ligand reversibility and specificity evaluation, and compartment modeling of PET data for pharmacokinetic parameter measurement using metabolite-corrected arterial input functions and PMOD. RESULTS Compared to previously reported TSPO tracers including [18F]VUIIS1008 and [18F]DPA-714, the novel tracer [18F]VUIIS1018A demonstrated higher binding affinity and BPND. Pretreatment with the cold analog [19F]VUIIS1018A could partially block tumor accumulation of this novel tracer. Further, compartment modeling of this novel tracer also exhibited a greater tumor-to-background ratio, a higher tumor binding potential and a lower brain binding potential when compared with other TSPO probes, such as [18F]DPA-714 and [18F]VUIIS1008. CONCLUSIONS These studies illustrate that [18F]VUIIS1018A can serve as a promising TSPO PET tracer for glioma imaging and potentially imaging of other solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewei Tang
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jun Li
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Molecular Probes (CMP), Vanderbilt University Medical School, 1161 21st Ave. S., AA 1105 MCN, Nashville, TN, 37232-2310, USA.,Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Michael L Nickels
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Molecular Probes (CMP), Vanderbilt University Medical School, 1161 21st Ave. S., AA 1105 MCN, Nashville, TN, 37232-2310, USA.,Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gang Huang
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Allison S Cohen
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Molecular Probes (CMP), Vanderbilt University Medical School, 1161 21st Ave. S., AA 1105 MCN, Nashville, TN, 37232-2310, USA
| | - H Charles Manning
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. .,Vanderbilt Center for Molecular Probes (CMP), Vanderbilt University Medical School, 1161 21st Ave. S., AA 1105 MCN, Nashville, TN, 37232-2310, USA. .,Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. .,Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. .,Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Zinnhardt B, Belloy M, Fricke IB, Orije J, Guglielmetti C, Hermann S, Wagner S, Schäfers M, Van der Linden A, Jacobs AH. Molecular Imaging of Immune Cell Dynamics During De- and Remyelination in the Cuprizone Model of Multiple Sclerosis by [ 18F]DPA-714 PET and MRI. Theranostics 2019; 9:1523-1537. [PMID: 31037121 PMCID: PMC6485187 DOI: 10.7150/thno.32461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Activation and dysregulation of innate, adaptive and resident immune cells in response to damage determine the pathophysiology of demyelinating disorders. Among the plethora of involved cells, microglia/macrophages and astrocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis of demyelinating disorders. The in-depth investigation of the spatio-temporal profile of these cell types in vivo may inform about the exact disease state and localization as well as may allow to monitor therapeutic modulation of the components of the neuroinflammatory response during the course of multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study, we aimed to non-invasively decipher the degree and temporal profile of neuroinflammation (TSPO - [18F]DPA-714 PET) in relation to selected magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters (T2 maps) in the cuprizone (CPZ)-induced model of demyelination. Methods: C57Bl6 (n=30) mice were fed with a standard chow mixed with 0.2% (w/w) CPZ for 4 (n=10; demyelination) and 6 weeks (n=10; spontaneous remyelination). The degree of neuroinflammation at de- and remyelination was assessed by [18F]DPA-714 PET, multi-echo T2 MRI, autoradiography and immunohistochemistry. Results: CPZ-induced brain alterations were confirmed by increase of T2 relaxation times in both white and grey matter after 3 and 5 weeks of CPZ. Peak [18F]DPA-714 was found in the corpus callosum (CC, white matter), the hippocampus (HC, grey matter) and thalamus (grey matter) after 4 weeks of CPZ treatment and declined after 6 weeks of CPZ. Ex vivo autoradiography and dedicated immunofluorescence showed demyelination/remyelination with corresponding increased/decreased TSPO levels in the CC and hippocampus, confirming the spatial distribution of [18F]DPA-714 in vivo. The expression of TSPO microglia and astrocytes is time-dependent in this model. Microglia predominantly express TSPO at demyelination, while the majority of astrocytes express TSPO during remyelination. The combination of PET- and MRI-based imaging biomarkers demonstrated the regional and temporal development of the CPZ model-associated neuroinflammatory response in grey and white matter regions. Conclusions: The combination of [18F]DPA-714 PET and T2 mapping may allow to further elucidate the regional and temporal profile of inflammatory signals depending on the myelination status, although the underlying inflammatory microenvironment changes. A combination of the described imaging biomarkers may facilitate the development of patient-tailored strategies for immunomodulatory and neuro-restorative therapies in MS.
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Peyraga G, Robaine N, Khalifa J, Cohen-Jonathan-Moyal E, Payoux P, Laprie A. Molecular PET imaging in adaptive radiotherapy: brain. THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2018; 62:337-348. [PMID: 30497232 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.18.03116-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Owing to their heterogeneity and radioresistance, the prognosis of primitive brain tumors, which are mainly glial tumors, remains poor. Dose escalation in radioresistant areas is a potential issue for improving local control and overall survival. This review focuses on advances in biological and metabolic imaging of brain tumors that are proving to be essential for defining tumor target volumes in radiation therapy (RT) and for increasing the use of DPRT (dose painting RT) and ART (adaptative RT), to optimize dose in radio-resistant areas. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Various biological imaging modalities such as PET (hypoxia, glucidic metabolism, protidic metabolism, cellular proliferation, inflammation, cellular membrane synthesis) and MRI (spectroscopy) may be used to identify these areas of radioresistance. The integration of these biological imaging modalities improves the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of brain tumors. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Technological improvements (PET and MRI), the development of research, and intensive cooperation between different departments are necessary before using daily metabolic imaging (PET and MRI) to treat patients with brain tumors. CONCLUSIONS The adaptation of treatment volumes during RT (ART) seems promising, but its development requires improvements in several areas and an interdisciplinary approach involving radiology, nuclear medicine and radiotherapy. We review the literature on biological imaging to outline the perspectives for using DPRT and ART in brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Peyraga
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Claudius Regaud Institute, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Nesrine Robaine
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Claudius Regaud Institute, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Jonathan Khalifa
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Claudius Regaud Institute, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Elizabeth Cohen-Jonathan-Moyal
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Claudius Regaud Institute, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Payoux
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Purpan University Hospital Center, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Laprie
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Claudius Regaud Institute, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France - .,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
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26
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Comparison of 18F-GE-180 and dynamic 18F-FET PET in high grade glioma: a double-tracer pilot study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2018; 46:580-590. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-018-4166-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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27
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Betlazar C, Harrison-Brown M, Middleton RJ, Banati R, Liu GJ. Cellular Sources and Regional Variations in the Expression of the Neuroinflammatory Marker Translocator Protein (TSPO) in the Normal Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092707. [PMID: 30208620 PMCID: PMC6163555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The inducible expression of the mitochondrial translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) by activated microglia is a prominent, regular feature of acute and chronic-progressive brain pathology. This expression is also the rationale for the continual development of new TSPO binding molecules for the diagnosis of "neuroinflammation" by molecular imaging. However, there is in the normal brain an ill-defined, low-level constitutive expression of TSPO. Taking advantage of healthy TSPO knockout mouse brain tissue to validate TSPO antibody specificity, this study uses immunohistochemistry to determine the regional distribution and cellular sources of TSPO in the normal mouse brain. Fluorescence microscopy revealed punctate TSPO immunostaining in vascular endothelial cells throughout the brain. In the olfactory nerve layers and glomeruli of the olfactory bulb, choroid plexus and ependymal layers, we confirm constitutive TSPO expression levels similar to peripheral organs, while some low TSPO expression is present in regions of known neurogenesis, as well as cerebellar Purkinje cells. The distributed-sparse expression of TSPO in endothelial mitochondria throughout the normal brain can be expected to give rise to a low baseline signal in TSPO molecular imaging studies. Finally, our study emphasises the need for valid and methodologically robust verification of the selectivity of TSPO ligands through the use of TSPO knockout tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calina Betlazar
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia.
- Discipline of Medical Imaging & Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
| | - Meredith Harrison-Brown
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia.
- Discipline of Medical Imaging & Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
| | - Ryan J Middleton
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia.
| | - Richard Banati
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia.
- Discipline of Medical Imaging & Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
| | - Guo-Jun Liu
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia.
- Discipline of Medical Imaging & Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
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Oleoylethanolamide treatment reduces neurobehavioral deficits and brain pathology in a mouse model of Gulf War Illness. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12921. [PMID: 30150699 PMCID: PMC6110778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31242-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There are nearly 250,000 Gulf War (GW) veterans who suffer from Gulf War Illness (GWI), a multi-symptom condition that remains untreatable. The main objective was to determine if targeting peroxisomal function could be of therapeutic value in GWI. We performed a pilot study that showed accumulation of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA), which are metabolized in peroxisomes, in plasma from veterans with GWI. We then examined if targeting peroxisomal β-oxidation with oleoylethanolamide (OEA) restores these lipids to the normal levels and mitigates neuroinflammation and neurobehavioral deficits in a well-established mouse model of GWI. In GWI mice, treatment with OEA corresponded with cognitive benefits and reduced fatigue and disinhibition-like behavior in GWI mice. Biochemical and molecular analysis of the brain tissue showed reduced astroglia and microglia staining, decreased levels of chemokines and cytokines, and decreased NFκB phosphorylation. Treatment with OEA reduced accumulation of peroxisome specific VLCFA in the brains of GWI mice. These studies further support the translational value of targeting peroxisomes. We expect that OEA may be a potential therapy for treating neurobehavioral symptoms and the underlying lipid dysfunction and neuroinflammation associated with GWI. Oleoylethanolamide is available as a dietary supplement, making it appealing for human translational studies.
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29
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Nguyen DL, Wimberley C, Truillet C, Jego B, Caillé F, Pottier G, Boisgard R, Buvat I, Bouilleret V. Longitudinal positron emission tomography imaging of glial cell activation in a mouse model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: Toward identification of optimal treatment windows. Epilepsia 2018; 59:1234-1244. [PMID: 29672844 DOI: 10.1111/epi.14083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mesiotemporal lobe epilepsy is the most common type of drug-resistant partial epilepsy, with a specific history that often begins with status epilepticus due to various neurological insults followed by a silent period. During this period, before the first seizure occurs, a specific lesion develops, described as unilateral hippocampal sclerosis (HS). It is still challenging to determine which drugs, administered at which time point, will be most effective during the formation of this epileptic process. Neuroinflammation plays an important role in pathophysiological mechanisms in epilepsy, and therefore brain inflammation biomarkers such as translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) can be potent epilepsy biomarkers. TSPO is associated with reactive astrocytes and microglia. A unilateral intrahippocampal kainate injection mouse model can reproduce the defining features of human temporal lobe epilepsy with unilateral HS and the pattern of chronic pharmacoresistant temporal seizures. We hypothesized that longitudinal imaging using TSPO positron emission tomography (PET) with 18 F-DPA-714 could identify optimal treatment windows in a mouse model during the formation of HS. METHODS The model was induced into the right dorsal hippocampus of male C57/Bl6 mice. Micro-PET/computed tomographic scanning was performed before model induction and along the development of the HS at 7 days, 14 days, 1 month, and 6 months. In vitro autoradiography and immunohistofluorescence were performed on additional mice at each time point. RESULTS TSPO PET uptake reached peak at 7 days and mostly related to microglial activation, whereas after 14 days, reactive astrocytes were shown to be the main cells expressing TSPO, reflected by a continuing increased PET uptake. SIGNIFICANCE TSPO-targeted PET is a highly potent longitudinal biomarker of epilepsy and could be of interest to determine the therapeutic windows in epilepsy and to monitor response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc-Loc Nguyen
- In Vivo Molecular Imaging Laboratory (IMIV), French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Paris Saclay University, Frédéric Joliot Hospital service, Orsay, France
| | - Catriona Wimberley
- In Vivo Molecular Imaging Laboratory (IMIV), French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Paris Saclay University, Frédéric Joliot Hospital service, Orsay, France
| | - Charles Truillet
- In Vivo Molecular Imaging Laboratory (IMIV), French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Paris Saclay University, Frédéric Joliot Hospital service, Orsay, France
| | - Benoit Jego
- In Vivo Molecular Imaging Laboratory (IMIV), French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Paris Saclay University, Frédéric Joliot Hospital service, Orsay, France
| | - Fabien Caillé
- In Vivo Molecular Imaging Laboratory (IMIV), French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Paris Saclay University, Frédéric Joliot Hospital service, Orsay, France
| | - Géraldine Pottier
- In Vivo Molecular Imaging Laboratory (IMIV), French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Paris Saclay University, Frédéric Joliot Hospital service, Orsay, France
| | - Raphaël Boisgard
- In Vivo Molecular Imaging Laboratory (IMIV), French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Paris Saclay University, Frédéric Joliot Hospital service, Orsay, France
| | - Irène Buvat
- In Vivo Molecular Imaging Laboratory (IMIV), French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Paris Saclay University, Frédéric Joliot Hospital service, Orsay, France
| | - Viviane Bouilleret
- In Vivo Molecular Imaging Laboratory (IMIV), French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Paris Saclay University, Frédéric Joliot Hospital service, Orsay, France.,Neurophysiology and Epilepsy Unit, Bicêtre Hospital, Public Hospitals of Paris (AP-HP), France
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30
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Zinnhardt B, Wiesmann M, Honold L, Barca C, Schäfers M, Kiliaan AJ, Jacobs AH. In vivo imaging biomarkers of neuroinflammation in the development and assessment of stroke therapies - towards clinical translation. Theranostics 2018; 8:2603-2620. [PMID: 29774062 PMCID: PMC5956996 DOI: 10.7150/thno.24128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Modulation of the inflammatory microenvironment after stroke opens a new avenue for the development of novel neurorestorative therapies in stroke. Understanding the spatio-temporal profile of (neuro-)inflammatory imaging biomarkers in detail thereby represents a crucial factor in the development and application of immunomodulatory therapies. The early integration of quantitative molecular imaging biomarkers in stroke drug development may provide key information about (i) early diagnosis and follow-up, (ii) spatio-temporal drug-target engagement (pharmacodynamic biomarker), (iii) differentiation of responders and non-responders in the patient cohort (inclusion/exclusion criteria; predictive biomarkers), and (iv) the mechanism of action. The use of targeted imaging biomarkers for may thus allow clinicians to decipher the profile of patient-specific inflammatory activity and the development of patient-tailored strategies for immunomodulatory and neuro-restorative therapies in stroke. Here, we highlight the recent developments in preclinical and clinical molecular imaging biomarkers of neuroinflammation (endothelial markers, microglia, MMPs, cell labeling, future developments) in stroke and outline how imaging biomarkers can be used in overcoming current translational roadblocks and attrition in order to advance new immunomodulatory compounds within the clinical pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Zinnhardt
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms University Münster, Münster, Germany
- EU 7 th FP Programme “Imaging Inflammation in Neurodegenerative Diseases (INMiND)”
- Cells in Motion (CiM) Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- PET Imaging in Drug Design and Development (PET3D)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Maximilian Wiesmann
- Department of Anatomy, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa Honold
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms University Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Cristina Barca
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms University Münster, Münster, Germany
- PET Imaging in Drug Design and Development (PET3D)
| | - Michael Schäfers
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms University Münster, Münster, Germany
- Cells in Motion (CiM) Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Amanda J Kiliaan
- Department of Anatomy, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas H Jacobs
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms University Münster, Münster, Germany
- EU 7 th FP Programme “Imaging Inflammation in Neurodegenerative Diseases (INMiND)”
- Cells in Motion (CiM) Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- PET Imaging in Drug Design and Development (PET3D)
- Department of Geriatrics, Johanniter Hospital, Evangelische Kliniken, Bonn, Germany
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31
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Kroken RA, Sommer IE, Steen VM, Dieset I, Johnsen E. Constructing the Immune Signature of Schizophrenia for Clinical Use and Research; An Integrative Review Translating Descriptives Into Diagnostics. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:753. [PMID: 30766494 PMCID: PMC6365449 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is considered a syndrome comprised by several disease phenotypes, covering a range of underlying pathologies. One of these disease mechanisms seems to involve immune dysregulation and neuroinflammation. While the current dopamine receptor-blocking antipsychotic drugs decrease psychotic symptoms and prevent relapse in the majority of patients with schizophrenia, there is a huge need to explore new treatment options that target other pathophysiological pathways. Such studies should aim at identifying robust biomarkers in order to diagnose and monitor the immune biophenotype in schizophrenia and develop better selection procedures for clinical trials with anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating drugs. In this focused review, we describe available methods to assess inflammatory status and immune disturbances in vivo. We also outline findings of immune disturbances and signs of inflammation at cellular, protein, and brain imaging levels in patients with schizophrenia. Furthermore, we summarize the results from studies with anti-inflammatory or other immune-modulating drugs, highlighting how such studies have dealt with participant selection. Finally, we propose a strategy to construct an immune signature that may be helpful in selecting and monitoring participants in studies with immune modulating drugs and also applicable in regular clinical work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rune A Kroken
- Psychiatric Division, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Iris E Sommer
- Department of Neuroscience and Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Vidar M Steen
- Department of Clinical Science, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Dr. E. Martens Research Group of Biological Psychiatry, Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingrid Dieset
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Acute Psychiatric Department, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik Johnsen
- Psychiatric Division, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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32
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Sridharan S, Lepelletier FX, Trigg W, Banister S, Reekie T, Kassiou M, Gerhard A, Hinz R, Boutin H. Comparative Evaluation of Three TSPO PET Radiotracers in a LPS-Induced Model of Mild Neuroinflammation in Rats. Mol Imaging Biol 2017; 19:77-89. [PMID: 27481358 PMCID: PMC5209405 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-016-0984-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Over the past 20 years, neuroinflammation (NI) has increasingly been recognised as having an important role in many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease. As such, being able to image NI non-invasively in patients is critical to monitor pathological processes and potential therapies targeting neuroinflammation. The translocator protein (TSPO) has proven a reliable NI biomarker for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. However, if TSPO imaging in acute conditions such as stroke provides strong and reliable signals, TSPO imaging in neurodegenerative diseases has proven more challenging. Here, we report results comparing the recently developed TSPO tracers [18F]GE-180 and [18F]DPA-714 with (R)-[11C]PK11195 in a rodent model of subtle focal inflammation. Procedures Adult male Wistar rats were stereotactically injected with 1 μg lipopolysaccharide in the right striatum. Three days later, animals underwent a 60-min PET scan with (R)-[11C]PK11195 and [18F]GE-180 (n = 6) or [18F]DPA-714 (n = 6). Ten animals were scanned with either [18F]GE-180 (n = 5) or [18F]DPA-714 (n = 5) only. Kinetic analysis of PET data was performed using the simplified reference tissue model (SRTM) with a contralateral reference region or a novel data-driven input to estimate binding potential BPND. Autoradiography and immunohistochemistry were performed to confirm in vivo results. Results At 40–60 min post-injection, [18F]GE-180 dual-scanned animals showed a significantly increased core/contralateral uptake ratio vs. the same animals scanned with (R)-[11C]PK11195 (3.41 ± 1.09 vs. 2.43 ± 0.39, p = 0.03); [18]DPA-714 did not (2.80 ± 0.69 vs. 2.26 ± 0.41). Kinetic modelling with a contralateral reference region identified significantly higher binding potential (BPND) in the core of the LPS injection site with [18F]GE-180 but not with [18F]DPA-714 vs. (R)-[11C]PK11195. A cerebellar reference region and novel data-driven input to the SRTM were unable to distinguish differences in tracer BPND. Conclusions Second-generation TSPO-PET tracers are able to accurately detect mild-level NI. In this model, [18F]GE-180 shows a higher core/contralateral ratio and BPND when compared to (R)-[11C]PK11195, while [18F]DPA-714 did not. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11307-016-0984-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujata Sridharan
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, 27 Palatine Road, Manchester, M20 3LJ, UK
| | | | - William Trigg
- GE Healthcare, The Grove Centre, Amersham, Buckinghamshire, UK
| | - Samuel Banister
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Tristan Reekie
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Michael Kassiou
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Alexander Gerhard
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, 27 Palatine Road, Manchester, M20 3LJ, UK
| | - Rainer Hinz
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, 27 Palatine Road, Manchester, M20 3LJ, UK
| | - Hervé Boutin
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, 27 Palatine Road, Manchester, M20 3LJ, UK.
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TSPO PET using 18F-GE-180: a new perspective in neurooncology? Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2017; 44:2227-2229. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-017-3838-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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34
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TSPO PET for glioma imaging using the novel ligand 18F-GE-180: first results in patients with glioblastoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2017; 44:2230-2238. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-017-3799-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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35
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Baez E, Guio-Vega GP, Echeverria V, Sandoval-Rueda DA, Barreto GE. 4'-Chlorodiazepam Protects Mitochondria in T98G Astrocyte Cell Line from Glucose Deprivation. Neurotox Res 2017; 32:163-171. [PMID: 28405935 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9733-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The translocator protein (TSPO), formerly known as the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor (PBR), is considered an important regulator of steroidogenesis and a potential therapeutic target in neurological disorders. Previous evidence suggests that TSPO ligands can protect cells during injury and prevent apoptosis in central nervous system (CNS) cells. However, its actions on astrocytic cells under metabolic injury are not well understood. In this study, we explored whether 4'-chlorodiazepam (Ro5-4864), a TSPO ligand, might protect astrocyte mitochondria under glucose deprivation. Our results showed that 4'-chlorodiazepam preserved cell viability and reduced nuclear fragmentation in glucose-deprived cells. These effects were accompanied by a reduced production of free radicals and maintenance of mitochondrial functions in cells treated with 4'-chlorodiazepam. Finally, our findings suggest that TSPO might be involved in reducing oxidative stress by preserving mitochondrial functions in astrocytic cells exposed to glucose withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Baez
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Gina Paola Guio-Vega
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | | | - Daniel Andres Sandoval-Rueda
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia. .,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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36
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Abstract
Despite the fact that MRI has evolved to become the standard method for diagnosis and monitoring of patients with brain tumours, conventional MRI sequences have two key limitations: the inability to show the full extent of the tumour and the inability to differentiate neoplastic tissue from nonspecific, treatment-related changes after surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or immunotherapy. In the past decade, PET involving the use of radiolabelled amino acids has developed into an important diagnostic tool to overcome some of the shortcomings of conventional MRI. The Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology working group - an international effort to develop new standardized response criteria for clinical trials in brain tumours - has recommended the additional use of amino acid PET imaging for brain tumour management. Concurrently, a number of advanced MRI techniques such as magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging and perfusion weighted imaging are under clinical evaluation to target the same diagnostic problems. This Review summarizes the clinical role of amino acid PET in relation to advanced MRI techniques for differential diagnosis of brain tumours; delineation of tumour extent for treatment planning and biopsy guidance; post-treatment differentiation between tumour progression or recurrence versus treatment-related changes; and monitoring response to therapy. An outlook for future developments in PET and MRI techniques is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Josef Langen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3, INM-4) Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.,Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Neurology, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Norbert Galldiks
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3, INM-4) Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, D-50937 Cologne, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology, Josef-Stelzmann-Strasse 9, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Elke Hattingen
- Department of Neuroradiology and Center for Integrated Oncology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, D-53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Nadim Jon Shah
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3, INM-4) Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.,Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Neurology, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.,Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, and Monash Biomedical Imaging, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton Campus, Wellington Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Zinnhardt B, Pigeon H, Thézé B, Viel T, Wachsmuth L, Fricke IB, Schelhaas S, Honold L, Schwegmann K, Wagner S, Faust A, Faber C, Kuhlmann MT, Hermann S, Schäfers M, Winkeler A, Jacobs AH. Combined PET Imaging of the Inflammatory Tumor Microenvironment Identifies Margins of Unique Radiotracer Uptake. Cancer Res 2017; 77:1831-1841. [PMID: 28137769 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is highly heterogeneous. For gliomas, the tumor-associated inflammatory response is pivotal to support growth and invasion. Factors of glioma growth, inflammation, and invasion, such as the translocator protein (TSPO) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), may serve as specific imaging biomarkers of the glioma microenvironment. In this study, noninvasive imaging by PET with [18F]DPA-714 (TSPO) and [18F]BR-351 (MMP) was used for the assessment of localization and quantification of the expression of TSPO and MMP. Imaging was performed in addition to established clinical imaging biomarker of active tumor volume ([18F]FET) in conjunction with MRI. We hypothesized that each imaging biomarker revealed distinct areas of the heterogeneous glioma tissue in a mouse model of human glioma. Tracers were found to be increased 1.4- to 1.7-fold, with [18F]FET showing the biggest volume as depicted by a thresholding-based, volumes of interest analysis. Tumor areas, which could not be detected by a single tracer and/or MRI parameter alone, were measured. Specific compartments of [18F]DPA-714 (14%) and [18F]BR-351 (11%) volumes along the tumor rim could be identified. [18F]DPA-714 (TSPO) and [18F]BR-351 (MMP) matched with histology. Glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAM) were identified as TSPO and MMP sources. Multitracer and multimodal molecular imaging approaches may allow us to gain important insights into glioma-associated inflammation (GAM, MMP). Moreover, this noninvasive technique enables characterization of the glioma microenvironment with respect to the disease-driving cellular compartments at the various disease stages. Cancer Res; 77(8); 1831-41. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Zinnhardt
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Münster, Germany.
| | - Hayet Pigeon
- Imagerie Moléculaire In Vivo, Inserm, CEA, Univ. Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, CEA - Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France
| | - Benoit Thézé
- Imagerie Moléculaire In Vivo, Inserm, CEA, Univ. Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, CEA - Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France
| | - Thomas Viel
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Münster, Germany.,PARCC INSERM-U970, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Lydia Wachsmuth
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Inga B Fricke
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sonja Schelhaas
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lisa Honold
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katrin Schwegmann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Wagner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Faust
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Cornelius Faber
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,DFG EXC 1003 Cluster of Excellence 'Cells in Motion', University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael T Kuhlmann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sven Hermann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Münster, Germany.,DFG EXC 1003 Cluster of Excellence 'Cells in Motion', University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Schäfers
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,DFG EXC 1003 Cluster of Excellence 'Cells in Motion', University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexandra Winkeler
- Imagerie Moléculaire In Vivo, Inserm, CEA, Univ. Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, CEA - Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France
| | - Andreas H Jacobs
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Münster, Germany.,DFG EXC 1003 Cluster of Excellence 'Cells in Motion', University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Geriatrics, Johanniter Hospital, Evangelische Kliniken, Bonn, Germany
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Belloli S, Pannese M, Buonsanti C, Maiorino C, Di Grigoli G, Carpinelli A, Monterisi C, Moresco RM, Panina-Bordignon P. Early upregulation of 18-kDa translocator protein in response to acute neurodegenerative damage in TREM2-deficient mice. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 53:159-168. [PMID: 28189343 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the TREM2 gene confer risk for Alzheimer's disease and susceptibility for Parkinson's disease (PD). We evaluated the effect of TREM2 deletion in a 1-methyl 4-phenyl 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mouse model, measuring neurodegeneration and microglia activation using a combined in vivo imaging and postmortem molecular approach. In wild-type mice, MPTP administration induced a progressive decrease of [11C]FECIT uptake, culminating at day 7. Neuronal loss was accompanied by an increase of TREM2, IL-1β, and translocator protein (TSPO) transcript levels, [11C]PK11195 binding and GFAP staining (from day 2), and an early and transient increase of TNF-α, Galectin-3, and Iba-1 (from day 1). In TREM2 null (TREM2-/-) mice, MPTP similarly affected neuron viability and microglial cells, as shown by the lower level of Iba-1 staining in basal condition, and reduced increment of Iba-1, TNF-α, and IL-1β in response to MPTP. Likely to compensate for TREM2 absence, TREM2-/- mice showed an earlier increment of [11C]PK11195 binding and a significant increase of IL-4. Taken together, our data demonstrate a central role of TREM2 in the regulation of microglia response to acute neurotoxic insults and suggest a potential modulatory role of TSPO in response to immune system deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Belloli
- Institute of Bioimages and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council, Segrate, MI, Italy; Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMi), Milan, Italy; Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pannese
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Buonsanti
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Maiorino
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Grigoli
- Institute of Bioimages and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council, Segrate, MI, Italy; Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMi), Milan, Italy
| | - Assunta Carpinelli
- Institute of Bioimages and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Cristina Monterisi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Moresco
- Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMi), Milan, Italy; Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
| | - Paola Panina-Bordignon
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Galldiks N, Law I, Pope WB, Arbizu J, Langen KJ. The use of amino acid PET and conventional MRI for monitoring of brain tumor therapy. Neuroimage Clin 2016; 13:386-394. [PMID: 28116231 PMCID: PMC5226808 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Routine diagnostics and treatment monitoring of brain tumors is usually based on contrast-enhanced MRI. However, the capacity of conventional MRI to differentiate tumor tissue from posttherapeutic effects following neurosurgical resection, chemoradiation, alkylating chemotherapy, radiosurgery, and/or immunotherapy may be limited. Metabolic imaging using PET can provide relevant additional information on tumor metabolism, which allows for more accurate diagnostics especially in clinically equivocal situations. This review article focuses predominantly on the amino acid PET tracers 11C-methyl-l-methionine (MET), O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-l-tyrosine (FET) and 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[18F]-fluoro-l-phenylalanine (FDOPA) and summarizes investigations regarding monitoring of brain tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Galldiks
- Dept. of Neurology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Cologne and Bonn, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ian Law
- Dept.of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Whitney B. Pope
- Dept. of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Javier Arbizu
- Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Karl-Josef Langen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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40
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Feng L, Jensen P, Thomsen G, Dyssegaard A, Svarer C, Knudsen LV, Møller K, Thomsen C, Mikkelsen JD, Guilloteau D, Knudsen GM, Pinborg LH. The Variability of Translocator Protein Signal in Brain and Blood of Genotyped Healthy Humans Using In Vivo 123I-CLINDE SPECT Imaging: A Test–Retest Study. J Nucl Med 2016; 58:989-995. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.183202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Evaluation of PET Imaging Performance of the TSPO Radioligand [18F]DPA-714 in Mouse and Rat Models of Cancer and Inflammation. Mol Imaging Biol 2016; 18:127-34. [PMID: 26194010 PMCID: PMC4722075 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-015-0877-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Many radioligands have been explored for imaging the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO), a diagnostic and therapeutic target for inflammation and cancer. Here, we investigated the TSPO radioligand [18F]DPA-714 for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of cancer and inflammation. Procedures [18F]DPA-714 PET imaging was performed in 8 mouse and rat models of breast and brain cancer and 4 mouse and rat models of muscular and bowel inflammation. Results [18F]DPA-714 showed different uptake levels in healthy organs and malignant tissues of mice and rats. Although high and displaceable [18F]DPA-714 binding is observed ex vivo, TSPO-positive PET imaging of peripheral lesions of cancer and inflammation in mice did not show significant lesion-to-background signal ratios. Slower [18F]DPA-714 metabolism and muscle clearance in mice compared to rats may explain the elevated background signal in peripheral organs in this species. Conclusion Although TSPO is an evolutionary conserved protein, inter- and intra-species differences call for further exploration of the pharmacological parameters of TSPO radioligands. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11307-015-0877-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Derivatives of the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine acetamide DPA-713 as translocator protein (TSPO) ligands and pro-apoptotic agents in human glioblastoma. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 96:186-192. [PMID: 27658888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The 18kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is a target for novel glioblastoma therapies due to its upregulation in this cancer and relatively low levels of expression in the healthy cortex. The pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine acetamides, exemplified by DPA-713 and DPA-714, are a class of high affinity TSPO ligands with selectivity over the central benzodiazepine receptor. In this study we have explored the potential anti-glioblastoma activity of a library of DPA-713 and DPA-714 analogues, and investigated the effect of amending the alkyl ether chain on TSPO affinity and functional potential. All ligands demonstrated nanomolar affinity for TSPO, but showed diverse functional activity, for example DPA-713 and DPA-714 did not affect the proliferation or viability of human T98G glioblastoma cells, while the hexyl ether and benzyl ether derivatives decreased proliferation of T98G cells without affecting proliferation in human fetal glial SVGp12 cells. These ligands also induced apoptosis and dissipated T98G mitochondrial membrane potential. This suggests that the nature of the alkyl ether chain of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine acetamides has little influence on TSPO affinity but is important for functional activity of this class of TSPO ligands.
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Cacheux F, Médran-Navarrete V, Dollé F, Marguet F, Puech F, Damont A. Synthesis and in vitro characterization of novel fluorinated derivatives of the translocator protein 18 kDa ligand CfO-DPA-714. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 125:346-359. [PMID: 27688189 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) is today a validated target for a number of therapeutic applications, but also a well-recognized diagnostic/imaging biomarker for the evaluation of inflammatory related-disease state and progression, prompting the development of specific and dedicated TSPO ligands worldwide. For this purpose, pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine acetamides constitute a unique class of high affinity and selectivity TSPO ligands; it includes DPA-714, a fluorine-containing derivative that has also been labelled with the positron-emitter fluorine-18, and is nowadays widely used as a Positron Emission Tomography imaging probe. Recently, to prevent defluorination issues encountered in vivo with this tracer, a first series of analogues was reported where the oxygen atom bridging the phenyl ring of the core structure and the fluorinated moiety was replaced with a more robust linkage. Among this new series, CfO-DPA-714 was discovered as a highly promising TSPO ligand. Herein, a novel series of fluorinated analogues of the latter molecule were synthesized and in vitro characterized, where the pharmacomodulation at the amide position of the molecule was explored. Thirteen compounds were thus prepared from a common key-ester intermediate (synthesized in 7 steps from 4-iodobenzoate - 11% overall yield) and a set of commercially available amines and obtained with moderate to good yields (23-81%) and high purities (>95%). With one exception, all derivatives displayed nanomolar to subnanomolar affinity for the TSPO and also high selectivity versus the CBR (Ki (CBR)/Ki (TSPO) > 103). Within this series, three compounds showed better Ki values (0.25, 0.26 and 0.30 nM) than that of DPA-714 (0.91 nM) and CfO-DPA-714 (0.37 nM), and favorable lipophilicity for brain penetration (3.6 < logD7.4 < 4.4). Among these three compounds, the N-methyl-N-propyl amide analogue (9) exhibited similar metabolic stability when compared to CfO-DPA-714 in mouse, rat and human microsomes. Therefore, the latter compound stands out as a promising candidate for drug development or for use as a PET probe, once fluorine-18-labelled, for in vivo neuroinflammation imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Cacheux
- CEA, I2BM, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France; Inserm/CEA/Université Paris Sud, UMR 1023, ERL 9218 CNRS, IMIV, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Vincent Médran-Navarrete
- CEA, I2BM, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France; Inserm/CEA/Université Paris Sud, UMR 1023, ERL 9218 CNRS, IMIV, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Frédéric Dollé
- CEA, I2BM, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France; Inserm/CEA/Université Paris Sud, UMR 1023, ERL 9218 CNRS, IMIV, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | | | | | - Annelaure Damont
- CEA, I2BM, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France; Inserm/CEA/Université Paris Sud, UMR 1023, ERL 9218 CNRS, IMIV, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.
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Roncaroli F, Su Z, Herholz K, Gerhard A, Turkheimer FE. TSPO expression in brain tumours: is TSPO a target for brain tumour imaging? Clin Transl Imaging 2016; 4:145-156. [PMID: 27077069 PMCID: PMC4820497 DOI: 10.1007/s40336-016-0168-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) alone or in combination with MRI is increasingly assuming a central role in the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for brain tumours with the aim of addressing tumour heterogeneity, assisting in patient stratification, and contributing to predicting treatment response. The 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is expressed in high-grade gliomas, while its expression is comparatively low in normal brain. In addition, the evidence of elevated TSPO in neoplastic cells has led to studies investigating TSPO as a transporter of anticancer drugs for brain delivery and a selective target for tumour tissue. The TSPO therefore represents an ideal candidate for molecular imaging studies. Knowledge of the biology of TSPO in normal brain cells, in-depth understanding of TSPO functions and biodistribution in neoplastic cells, accurate methods for quantification of uptake of TSPO tracers and pharmacokinetic data regarding TSPO-targeted drugs are required before introducing TSPO PET and TSPO-targeted treatment in clinical practice. In this review, we will discuss the impact of preclinical PET studies and the application of TSPO imaging in human brain tumours, the advantages and disadvantages of TSPO imaging compared to other imaging modalities and other PET tracers, and pathology studies on the extent and distribution of TSPO in gliomas. The suitability of TSPO as molecular target for treatment of brain tumours will also be the appraised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Roncaroli
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, The University of Manchester, 7 Palatine Road, Withington, Manchester, M20 3LJ UK
| | - Zhangjie Su
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, The University of Manchester, 7 Palatine Road, Withington, Manchester, M20 3LJ UK
| | - Karl Herholz
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, The University of Manchester, 7 Palatine Road, Withington, Manchester, M20 3LJ UK
| | - Alexander Gerhard
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, The University of Manchester, 7 Palatine Road, Withington, Manchester, M20 3LJ UK
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45
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Lee DE, Yue X, Ibrahim WG, Lentz MR, Peterson KL, Jagoda EM, Kassiou M, Maric D, Reid WC, Hammoud DA. Lack of neuroinflammation in the HIV-1 transgenic rat: an [(18)F]-DPA714 PET imaging study. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:171. [PMID: 26377670 PMCID: PMC4574011 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-015-0390-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HIV-associated neuroinflammation is believed to be a major contributing factor in the development of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). In this study, we used micropositron emission tomography (PET) imaging to quantify neuroinflammation in HIV-1 transgenic rat (Tg), a small animal model of HIV, known to develop neurological and behavioral problems. Methods Dynamic [18F]DPA-714 PET imaging was performed in Tg and age-matched wild-type (WT) rats in three age groups: 3-, 9-, and 16-month-old animals. As a positive control for neuroinflammation, we performed unilateral intrastriatal injection of quinolinic acid (QA) in a separate group of WT rats. To confirm our findings, we performed multiplex immunofluorescent staining for Iba1 and we measured cytokine/chemokine levels in brain lysates of Tg and WT rats at different ages. Results [18F]DPA-714 uptake in HIV-1 Tg rat brains was generally higher than in age-matched WT rats but this was not statistically significant in any age group. [18F]DPA-714 uptake in the QA-lesioned rats was significantly higher ipsilateral to the lesion compared to contralateral side indicating neuroinflammatory changes. Iba1 immunofluorescence showed no significant differences in microglial activation between the Tg and WT rats, while the QA-lesioned rats showed significant activation. Finally, cytokine/chemokine levels in brain lysates of the Tg rats and WT rats were not significantly different. Conclusion Microglial activation might not be the primary mechanism for neuropathology in the HIV-1 Tg rats. Although [18F]DPA-714 is a good biomarker of neuroinflammation, it cannot be reliably used as an in vivo biomarker of neurodegeneration in the HIV-1 Tg rat. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-015-0390-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianne E Lee
- Center for Infectious Disease Imaging (CIDI), Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health/Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Room 1C368, Bethesda, MD, 20814-9692, USA
| | - Xuyi Yue
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Wael G Ibrahim
- Center for Infectious Disease Imaging (CIDI), Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health/Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Room 1C368, Bethesda, MD, 20814-9692, USA
| | - Margaret R Lentz
- Center for Infectious Disease Imaging (CIDI), Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health/Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Room 1C368, Bethesda, MD, 20814-9692, USA
| | - Kristin L Peterson
- Center for Infectious Disease Imaging (CIDI), Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health/Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Room 1C368, Bethesda, MD, 20814-9692, USA
| | - Elaine M Jagoda
- Molecular Imaging Program (MIP), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael Kassiou
- Chemistry Department, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dragan Maric
- Division of Intermural Research (DIR), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William C Reid
- Center for Infectious Disease Imaging (CIDI), Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health/Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Room 1C368, Bethesda, MD, 20814-9692, USA
| | - Dima A Hammoud
- Center for Infectious Disease Imaging (CIDI), Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health/Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Room 1C368, Bethesda, MD, 20814-9692, USA.
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Abstract
The translocator protein (TSPO) is an 18-kDa five-transmembrane protein, which is primarily found in the outer mitochondrial membrane. Levels of this protein are up-regulated in the most aggressive and common glioma, glioblastoma multiforme (GM). Levels of TSPO also correlate with GM clinical outcome, suggesting that TSPO may be a novel GM diagnostic imaging agent. Therapeutically, targeting the TSPO may provide a mechanism to abrogate the apoptotic-resistant, invasive and aggressive nature of GM and may also provide a way of targeting other anti-cancer treatments to GM sites. This review highlights recent progress in research on TSPO-based diagnostic imaging and therapeutics for GM.
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Jensen P, Feng L, Law I, Svarer C, Knudsen GM, Mikkelsen JD, de Nijs R, Larsen VA, Dyssegaard A, Thomsen G, Fischer W, Guilloteau D, Pinborg LH. TSPO Imaging in Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Direct Comparison Between 123I-CLINDE SPECT, 18F-FET PET, and Gadolinium-Enhanced MR Imaging. J Nucl Med 2015; 56:1386-90. [PMID: 26182972 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.158998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Here we compare translocator protein (TSPO) imaging using 6-chloro-2-(4'-(123)I-iodophenyl)-3-(N,N-diethyl)-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-acetamide SPECT ((123)I-CLINDE) and amino acid transport imaging using O-(2-(18)F-fluoroethyl)-l-tyrosine PET ((18)F-FET) and investigate whether (123)I-CLINDE is superior to (18)F-FET in predicting progression of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) at follow-up. METHODS Three patients with World Health Organization grade IV GBM were scanned with (123)I-CLINDE SPECT, (18)F-FET PET, and gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging. Molecular imaging data were compared with follow-up gadolinium-enhanced MR images or contrast-enhanced CT scans. RESULTS The percentage overlap between volumes of interest (VOIs) of increased (18)F-FET uptake and (123)I-CLINDE binding was variable (12%-42%). The percentage overlap of MR imaging baseline VOIs was greater for (18)F-FET (79%-93%) than (123)I-CLINDE (15%-30%). In contrast, VOIs of increased contrast enhancement at follow-up compared with baseline overlapped to a greater extent with baseline (123)I-CLINDE VOIs than (18)F-FET VOIs (21% vs. 8% and 72% vs. 55%). CONCLUSION Our preliminary results suggest that TSPO brain imaging in GBM may be a useful tool for predicting tumor progression at follow-up and may be less susceptible to changes in blood-brain barrier permeability than (18)F-FET. Larger studies are warranted to test the clinical potential of TSPO imaging in GBM, including presurgical planning and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Jensen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ling Feng
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ian Law
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine, and PET, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Svarer
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte M Knudsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Robin de Nijs
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine, and PET, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibeke A Larsen
- Department of Radiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Gerda Thomsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Walter Fischer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Denis Guilloteau
- Université François-Rabelais de Tours, INSERM U930 "Imaging and Brain," Tours, France; and
| | - Lars H Pinborg
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark Epilepsy Clinic, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Su Z, Roncaroli F, Durrenberger PF, Coope DJ, Karabatsou K, Hinz R, Thompson G, Turkheimer FE, Janczar K, Du Plessis D, Brodbelt A, Jackson A, Gerhard A, Herholz K. The 18-kDa mitochondrial translocator protein in human gliomas: an 11C-(R)PK11195 PET imaging and neuropathology study. J Nucl Med 2015; 56:512-7. [PMID: 25722450 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.151621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The 18-kDa mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO) is upregulated in high-grade astrocytomas and can be imaged by PET using the selective radiotracer (11)C-(R)PK11195. We investigated (11)C-(R)PK11195 binding in human gliomas and its relationship with TSPO expression in tumor tissue and glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs) within the tumors. METHODS Twenty-two glioma patients underwent dynamic (11)C-(R)PK11195 PET scans and perfusion MR imaging acquisition. Parametric maps of (11)C-(R)PK11195 binding potential (BPND) were generated. Coregistered MR/PET images were used to guide tumor biopsy. The tumor tissue was quantitatively assessed for TSPO expression and infiltration of GAMs using immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescence. The imaging and histopathologic parameters were compared among different histotypes and grades and correlated with each other. RESULTS BPND of (11)C-(R)PK11195 in high-grade gliomas was significantly higher than in low-grade astrocytomas and low-grade oligodendrogliomas. TSPO in gliomas was expressed predominantly by neoplastic cells, and its expression correlated positively with BPND in the tumors. GAMs only partially contributed to the overall TSPO expression within the tumors, and TSPO expression in GAMs did not correlate with tumor BPND. CONCLUSION PET with (11)C-(R)PK11195 in human gliomas predominantly reflects TSPO expression in tumor cells. It therefore has the potential to effectively stratify patients who are suitable for TSPO-targeted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjie Su
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Center, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Federico Roncaroli
- Division of Brain Science, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - David J Coope
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Center, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom Department of Neurosurgery, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rainer Hinz
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Center, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard Thompson
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Center, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Federico E Turkheimer
- Center for Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karolina Janczar
- Division of Brain Science, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Du Plessis
- Neuropathology Unit, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, United Kingdom; and
| | - Andrew Brodbelt
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Center NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Jackson
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Center, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Gerhard
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Center, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Karl Herholz
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Center, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Tsartsalis S, Dumas N, Tournier BB, Pham T, Moulin-Sallanon M, Grégoire MC, Charnay Y, Millet P. SPECT imaging of glioma with radioiodinated CLINDE: evidence from a mouse GL26 glioma model. EJNMMI Res 2015; 5:9. [PMID: 25853015 PMCID: PMC4385259 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-015-0092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent research has demonstrated the potential of 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) to serve as a target for nuclear imaging of gliomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate SPECT imaging of GL26 mouse glioma using radioiodinated CLINDE, a TSPO-specific tracer. Methods GL26 cells, previously transfected with an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-expressing lentivirus, were stereotactically implanted in the striatum of C57/Bl6 mice. At 4 weeks post-injection, dynamic SPECT scans with [123I]CLINDE were performed. A displacement study assessed specificity of tracer binding. SPECT images were compared to results of autoradiography, fluorescence microscopy, in situ nucleic acid hybridization, histology, and immunohistochemistry. Western blotting was performed to verify TSPO production by the tumor. Results Specific uptake of tracer by the tumor is observed with a high signal-to-noise ratio. Tracer uptake by the tumor is indeed 3.26 ± 0.32 times higher than that of the contralateral striatum, and 78% of the activity is displaceable by unlabeled CLINDE. Finally, TSPO is abundantly expressed by the GL26 cells. Conclusions The present study demonstrates the feasibility of [123I]CLINDE SPECT in translational studies and underlines its potential for clinical glioma SPECT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stergios Tsartsalis
- Vulnerability Biomarkers Unit, Division of General Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Chemin du Petit-Bel-Air 2, CH1225 Geneva, Chêne-Bourg Switzerland ; Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Noé Dumas
- Vulnerability Biomarkers Unit, Division of General Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Chemin du Petit-Bel-Air 2, CH1225 Geneva, Chêne-Bourg Switzerland
| | - Benjamin B Tournier
- Vulnerability Biomarkers Unit, Division of General Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Chemin du Petit-Bel-Air 2, CH1225 Geneva, Chêne-Bourg Switzerland
| | - Tien Pham
- ANSTO LifeSciences, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Road, Sydney, NSW 2234 Australia
| | | | - Marie-Claude Grégoire
- ANSTO LifeSciences, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Road, Sydney, NSW 2234 Australia
| | - Yves Charnay
- Vulnerability Biomarkers Unit, Division of General Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Chemin du Petit-Bel-Air 2, CH1225 Geneva, Chêne-Bourg Switzerland
| | - Philippe Millet
- Vulnerability Biomarkers Unit, Division of General Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Chemin du Petit-Bel-Air 2, CH1225 Geneva, Chêne-Bourg Switzerland
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50
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Damont A, Garcia-Argote S, Buisson DA, Rousseau B, Dollé F. Efficient tritiation of the translocator protein (18 kDa) selective ligand DPA-714. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2015; 58:1-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annelaure Damont
- CEA; DSV/I BM, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot; 91401 Orsay France
| | - Sébastien Garcia-Argote
- CEA; DSV/iBiTec-S, Service de Chimie bioorganique et de Marquage; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - David-Alexandre Buisson
- CEA; DSV/iBiTec-S, Service de Chimie bioorganique et de Marquage; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Bernard Rousseau
- CEA; DSV/iBiTec-S, Service de Chimie bioorganique et de Marquage; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Frédéric Dollé
- CEA; DSV/I BM, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot; 91401 Orsay France
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