1
|
Mull ML, Pratt SJP, Thompson KN, Annis DA, Gad AA, Lee RM, Chang KT, Stemberger MB, Ju JA, Gilchrist DE, Boyman L, Vitolo MI, Lederer WJ, Martin SS. Disruption of P2Y2 signaling promotes breast tumor cell dissemination by reducing ATP-dependent calcium elevation and actin localization to cell junctions. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.03.31.533191. [PMID: 37034765 PMCID: PMC10081304 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.31.533191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment and wound healing after injury both contain extremely high concentrations of the extracellular signaling molecule, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) compared to normal tissue. P2Y2 receptor, an ATP-activated purinergic receptor, is typically associated with pulmonary, endothelial, and neurological cell signaling. Here we report its role and importance in breast epithelial cell signaling and how it is altered in metastatic breast cancer. In response to ATP activation, P2Y2 receptor signaling causes an increase of intracellular Ca 2+ in non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells, while their tumorigenic and metastatic counterparts have significantly reduced Ca 2+ responses. The non-tumorigenic cells respond to increased Ca 2+ with actin polymerization and localization to cell edges, while the metastatic cells remained unaffected. The increase in intracellular Ca 2+ after ATP stimulation was blunted using a P2Y2 antagonist, which also prevented actin mobilization and caused cell dissemination from spheroids in non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells. Furthermore, the lack of Ca 2+ concentration changes and actin mobilization in the metastatic breast cancer cells could be due to reduced P2Y2 expression, which correlates with poorer overall survival in breast cancer patients. This study elucidates rapid changes that occur after elevated intracellular Ca 2+ in breast epithelial cells and how metastatic cancer cells have adapted to evade this cellular response.
Collapse
|
2
|
Pal AK, Sharma P, Zia A, Siwan D, Nandave D, Nandave M, Gautam RK. Metabolomics and EMT Markers of Breast Cancer: A Crosstalk and Future Perspective. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2022; 29:200-222. [PMID: 35736645 PMCID: PMC9230911 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology29020017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo transient EMT and MET phenomena or vice versa, along with the parallel interplay of various markers, often correlated as the determining factor in decoding metabolic profiling of breast cancers. Moreover, various cancer signaling pathways and metabolic changes occurring in breast cancer cells modulate the expression of such markers to varying extents. The existing research completed so far considers the expression of such markers as determinants regulating the invasiveness and survival of breast cancer cells. Therefore, this manuscript is crosstalk among the expression levels of such markers and their correlation in regulating the aggressiveness and invasiveness of breast cancer. We also attempted to cover the possible EMT-based metabolic targets to retard migration and invasion of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Pal
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India; (A.K.P.); (P.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Prateek Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India; (A.K.P.); (P.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Alishan Zia
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India; (A.K.P.); (P.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Deepali Siwan
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India; (A.K.P.); (P.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Dipali Nandave
- Department of Dravyaguna, Karmavir V. T. Randhir Ayurved College, Boradi 425428, India;
| | - Mukesh Nandave
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India; (A.K.P.); (P.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.N.); (R.K.G.)
| | - Rupesh K. Gautam
- Department of Pharmacology, MM School of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Ambala 134007, India
- Correspondence: (M.N.); (R.K.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gupta P, Taiyab A, Hussain A, Alajmi MF, Islam A, Hassan MI. Targeting the Sphingosine Kinase/Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signaling Axis in Drug Discovery for Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1898. [PMID: 33920887 PMCID: PMC8071327 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipid metabolites have emerged as critical players in the regulation of various physiological processes. Ceramide and sphingosine induce cell growth arrest and apoptosis, whereas sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) promotes cell proliferation and survival. Here, we present an overview of sphingolipid metabolism and the compartmentalization of various sphingolipid metabolites. In addition, the sphingolipid rheostat, a fine metabolic balance between ceramide and S1P, is discussed. Sphingosine kinase (SphK) catalyzes the synthesis of S1P from sphingosine and modulates several cellular processes and is found to be essentially involved in various pathophysiological conditions. The regulation and biological functions of SphK isoforms are discussed. The functions of S1P, along with its receptors, are further highlighted. The up-regulation of SphK is observed in various cancer types and is also linked to radio- and chemoresistance and poor prognosis in cancer patients. Implications of the SphK/S1P signaling axis in human pathologies and its inhibition are discussed in detail. Overall, this review highlights current findings on the SphK/S1P signaling axis from multiple angles, including their functional role, mechanism of activation, involvement in various human malignancies, and inhibitor molecules that may be used in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Gupta
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.G.); (A.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Aaliya Taiyab
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.G.); (A.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Mohamed F. Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.G.); (A.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.G.); (A.T.); (A.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ramesh V, Brabletz T, Ceppi P. Targeting EMT in Cancer with Repurposed Metabolic Inhibitors. Trends Cancer 2020; 6:942-950. [PMID: 32680650 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) determines the most lethal features of cancer, metastasis formation and chemoresistance, and therefore represents an attractive target in oncology. However, direct targeting of EMT effector molecules is, in most cases, pharmacologically challenging. Since emerging research has highlighted the distinct metabolic circuits involved in EMT, we propose the use of metabolism-specific inhibitors, FDA approved or under clinical trials, as a drug repurposing approach to target EMT in cancer. Metabolism-inhibiting drugs could be coupled with standard chemo- or immunotherapy to combat EMT-driven resistant and aggressive cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Ramesh
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU-Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Brabletz
- Department of Experimental Medicine-I and Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paolo Ceppi
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU-Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shah S, Fourgeaud C, Derieux S, Mirshahi S, Contant G, Pimpie C, Lo Dico R, Soria J, Pocard M, Mirshahi M. The close relationship between heparanase and epithelial mesenchymal transition in gastric signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:33778-33787. [PMID: 30333909 PMCID: PMC6173471 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Heparanase (HPSE), a heparan sulfate-specific endo-β-D-glucuronidase, plays an important role in tumor cell metastasis through the degradation of extracellular matrix heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Suramin, a polysulfonated naphthylurea, is an inhibitor of HPSE with suramin analogues. Our objective was to analyze the HPSE involvement in gastric signet ring cell adenocarcinoma (SRCA) invasion. High expression of HPSE mRNA and protein was found in the tumor and in ascites of SRCA as well as in KATO-III cell line. Beside of collagen-I, growth factors (TGF-β1 and VEGF-A, except FGF-2) and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (Snail, Slug, Vimentin, α-SMA and Fibronectin, except E-cadherin) were found higher in main nodules of SRCA as compared to peritumoral sites. Among MDR proteins, MDR-1 and LRP (lung resistance protein) were highly expressed in tumor cells. The formation of 3D cell spheroids was found to be correlated with their origin (adherent or non-adherent KATO-III). After treatment of KATO-III cells with a HPSE inhibitor (suramin), cell proliferation and EMT-related markers, besides collagen-1 expression, were down regulated. In conclusion, in SRCA, HPSE via an autocrine secretion is involved in acquisition of mesenchymal phenotype and tumor cell malignancy. Therefore, HPSE could be an interesting pharmacological target for the treatment of SRCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Shah
- Lariboisière Hospital, INSERM U965, Sorbonne University Paris Cité -Paris 7, 75010 Paris, France.,Present address: Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Caroline Fourgeaud
- Lariboisière Hospital, INSERM U965, Sorbonne University Paris Cité -Paris 7, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Simon Derieux
- Lariboisière Hospital, INSERM U965, Sorbonne University Paris Cité -Paris 7, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Shahsoltan Mirshahi
- Lariboisière Hospital, INSERM U965, Sorbonne University Paris Cité -Paris 7, 75010 Paris, France
| | | | - Cynthia Pimpie
- Lariboisière Hospital, INSERM U965, Sorbonne University Paris Cité -Paris 7, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Rea Lo Dico
- Lariboisière Hospital, INSERM U965, Sorbonne University Paris Cité -Paris 7, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Jeannette Soria
- Lariboisière Hospital, INSERM U965, Sorbonne University Paris Cité -Paris 7, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Marc Pocard
- Lariboisière Hospital, INSERM U965, Sorbonne University Paris Cité -Paris 7, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Massoud Mirshahi
- Lariboisière Hospital, INSERM U965, Sorbonne University Paris Cité -Paris 7, 75010 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Teske KA, Hadden MK. Methyllysine binding domains: Structural insight and small molecule probe development. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 136:14-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
7
|
A Second WNT for Old Drugs: Drug Repositioning against WNT-Dependent Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2016; 8:cancers8070066. [PMID: 27429001 PMCID: PMC4963808 DOI: 10.3390/cancers8070066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant WNT signaling underlies cancerous transformation and growth in many tissues, such as the colon, breast, liver, and others. Downregulation of the WNT pathway is a desired mode of development of targeted therapies against these cancers. Despite the urgent need, no WNT signaling-directed drugs currently exist, and only very few candidates have reached early phase clinical trials. Among different strategies to develop WNT-targeting anti-cancer therapies, repositioning of existing drugs previously approved for other diseases is a promising approach. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, the anti-leprotic clofazimine, and the anti-trypanosomal suramin are among examples of drugs having recently revealed WNT-targeting activities. In total, 16 human-use drug compounds have been found to be working through the WNT pathway and show promise for their prospective repositioning against various cancers. Advances, hurdles, and prospects of developing these molecules as potential drugs against WNT-dependent cancers, as well as approaches for discovering new ones for repositioning, are the foci of the current review.
Collapse
|
8
|
Buqué A, Bloy N, Aranda F, Cremer I, Eggermont A, Fridman WH, Fucikova J, Galon J, Spisek R, Tartour E, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Trial Watch-Small molecules targeting the immunological tumor microenvironment for cancer therapy. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1149674. [PMID: 27471617 PMCID: PMC4938376 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1149674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressing malignancies establish robust immunosuppressive networks that operate both systemically and locally. In particular, as tumors escape immunosurveillance, they recruit increasing amounts of myeloid and lymphoid cells that exert pronounced immunosuppressive effects. These cells not only prevent the natural recognition of growing neoplasms by the immune system, but also inhibit anticancer immune responses elicited by chemo-, radio- and immuno therapeutic interventions. Throughout the past decade, multiple strategies have been devised to counteract the accumulation or activation of tumor-infiltrating immunosuppressive cells for therapeutic purposes. Here, we review recent preclinical and clinical advances on the use of small molecules that target the immunological tumor microenvironment for cancer therapy. These agents include inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxigenase 1 (IDO1), prostaglandin E2, and specific cytokine receptors, as well as modulators of intratumoral purinergic signaling and arginine metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aitziber Buqué
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Norma Bloy
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Fernando Aranda
- Group of Immune receptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabelle Cremer
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Equipe 13, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | | | - Wolf Hervé Fridman
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Equipe 13, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Jitka Fucikova
- Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
- Dept. of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jérôme Galon
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
- Dept. of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eric Tartour
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM, U970, Paris, France
- Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), Paris, France
- Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou (HEGP), AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1015, CICBT507, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ali S, Mondal N, Choudhry H, Rasool M, Pushparaj PN, Khan MA, Mahfooz M, Sami GA, Jarullah J, Ali A, Jamal MS. Current Management Strategies in Breast Cancer by Targeting Key Altered Molecular Players. Front Oncol 2016; 6:45. [PMID: 26973813 PMCID: PMC4771739 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second largest disease affecting women worldwide. It remains the most frequently reported and leading cause of death among women in both developed and developing countries. Tamoxifen and raloxifene are commonly used selective estrogen receptor modulators for treatment of breast cancer in women with high risk, although resistance occurs by tamoxifen after 5 years of therapy and both drugs cause uterine cancer and thromboembolic events. Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are one of the optional modes used for breast cancer treatment. The combination of AIs along with tamoxifen can also be beneficial. Various therapeutic agents from different sources are being studied, which further need to be improved for potential outcome. For this, clinical trials based on large number of patients with optimal dose and lesser side effects have to be more in practice. Despite the clinical trials going on, there is need of better molecular models, which can identify high risk population, new agents with better benefit having less side effects, and improved biomarkers for treating breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Ali
- School of Life Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi , India
| | - Neelima Mondal
- School of Life Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi , India
| | - Hani Choudhry
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Fahd Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Rasool
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Peter N Pushparaj
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Maryam Mahfooz
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Ghufrana A Sami
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Jummanah Jarullah
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Ali
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S Jamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Durand N, Borges S, Storz P. Functional and therapeutic significance of protein kinase D enzymes in invasive breast cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:4369-82. [PMID: 26253275 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The protein kinase D (PKD) family members, PKD1, PKD2 and PKD3 constitute a family of serine/threonine kinases that are essential regulators of cell migration, proliferation and protein transport. Multiple types of cancers are characterized by aberrant expression of PKD isoforms. In breast cancer PKD isoforms exhibit distinct expression patterns and regulate various oncogenic processes. In highly invasive breast cancer, the leading cause of cancer-associated deaths in females, the loss of PKD1 is thought to promote invasion and metastasis, while PKD2 and upregulated PKD3 have been shown to be positive regulators of proliferation, chemoresistance and metastasis. In this review, we examine the differential expression pattern, mechanisms of regulation and contributions made by each PKD isoform to the development and maintenance of invasive breast cancer. In addition, we discuss the potential therapeutic approaches for targeting PKD in this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Durand
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Griffin Room 306, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Sahra Borges
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Griffin Room 306, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Peter Storz
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Griffin Room 306, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li H, Li H, Qu H, Zhao M, Yuan B, Cao M, Cui J. Suramin inhibits cell proliferation in ovarian and cervical cancer by downregulating heparanase expression. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:52. [PMID: 26052253 PMCID: PMC4456706 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-015-0196-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant expression of heparanase (Hpa) is associated with apoor prognosis in ovarian and cervical cancer patients. Inhibitors of Hpa can prevent the growth and metastasis of malignant tumor cells, and suramin may be such a compound that has strong anti-proliferative effects on several kinds of cancer cells. We have therefore tested whether the growth inhibiting effect of suramin on ovarian and cervical cancer cells is due to downregulation of Hpa expression. Results Suramin at 300–600 μg/ml significantly inhibited HO-8910 PM and HeLa cell growth at 24 h, in both a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 320 μg/ml and 475 μg/ml, respectively. Suramin at 300 μg/ml significantly decreased the expression of Hpa mRNA (P < 0.005) and protein (P < 0.005) in both HO-8910 PM and HeLa cells at 48 h. Conclusions The inhibitory effect of suramin on Hpa enzyme may be due to downregulating of its expression in cancer cells. These findings confirm the importance of Hpa in tumor growth and the potential clinical application of Hpa inhibitors in the treatment of ovarian and cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- HuaPing Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Punan Hospital of Pudong District, South Pudong Road, Shanghai, China
| | - HuaLi Li
- Department of medicine laboratory, The Food and Drug Administration of pingdingshan, Labor Road, Pingdingshan, China
| | - HongJie Qu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Longitude eighth Road, Zhengzhou, China
| | - MingZhu Zhao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Punan Hospital of Pudong District, South Pudong Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Longitude eighth Road, Zhengzhou, China
| | - MingHua Cao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Punan Hospital of Pudong District, South Pudong Road, Shanghai, China
| | - JinQuan Cui
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Longitude eighth Road, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gan Y, Lu J, Yeung BZ, Cottage CT, Wientjes MG, Au JLS. Pharmacodynamics of telomerase inhibition and telomere shortening by noncytotoxic suramin. AAPS JOURNAL 2014; 17:268-76. [PMID: 25425294 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-014-9703-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We reported that suramin is an effective chemosensitizer at noncytotoxic concentrations (<50 μM); this effect was observed in multiple types of human xenograft tumors in vitro and in vivo. Clinical evaluation of noncytotoxic suramin is ongoing. Because (a) suramin inhibits reverse transcriptase, (b) telomerase is a reverse transcriptase, and (c) inhibition of telomerase enhances tumor chemosensitivity, we studied the pharmacodynamics of noncytotoxic suramin on telomerase activity and telomere length in cultured cells and tumors grown in animals. In three human cancer cells that depend on telomerase for telomere maintenance (pharynx FaDu, prostate PC3, breast MCF7), suramin inhibited telomerase activity in cell extracts and intact cells at concentrations that exhibited no cytotoxicity (IC50 of telomerase was between 1 and 3 μM vs. >60 μM for cytotoxicity), and continuous treatment at 10-25 μM for 6 weeks resulted in gradual telomere shortening (maximum of 30%) and cell senescence (measured by β-galactosidase activity and elevation of mRNA levels of two senescence markers p16 and p21). In contrast, noncytotoxic suramin did not shorten the telomere in telomerase-independent human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells. In mice bearing FaDu tumors, treatment with noncytotoxic suramin for 6 weeks resulted in telomere erosion in >95% of the tumor cells with an average telomere shortening of >40%. These results indicate noncytotoxic suramin inhibits telomerase, shortens telomere and induces cell senescence, and suggest telomerase inhibition as a potential mechanism of its chemosensitization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuebo Gan
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
The approved pediatric drug suramin identified as a clinical candidate for the treatment of EV71 infection-suramin inhibits EV71 infection in vitro and in vivo. Emerg Microbes Infect 2014; 3:e62. [PMID: 26038755 PMCID: PMC4185360 DOI: 10.1038/emi.2014.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) causes severe central nervous system infections, leading to cardiopulmonary complications and death in young children. There is an urgent unmet medical need for new pharmaceutical agents to control EV71 infections. Using a multidisciplinary approach, we found that the approved pediatric antiparasitic drug suramin blocked EV71 infectivity by a novel mechanism of action that involves binding of the naphtalentrisulonic acid group of suramin to the viral capsid. Moreover, we demonstrate that when suramin is used in vivo at doses equivalent to or lower than the highest dose already used in humans, it significantly decreased mortality in mice challenged with a lethal dose of EV71 and peak viral load in adult rhesus monkeys. Thus, suramin inhibits EV71 infection by neutralizing virus particles prior to cell attachment. Consequently, these findings identify suramin as a clinical candidate for further development as a therapeutic or prophylactic treatment for severe EV71 infection.
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Inhibition of virus entry has become a major concept in the development of new antiviral drugs. Entry inhibitors can either neutralize activities of viral surface proteins or target essential host factors such as (co)receptors. Due to its distinct tissue tropism and the highly specific viral and cellular factors involved in its entry, hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an ideal candidate for entry inhibition. Hepatitis B immunoglobulins neutralize infection by binding to the S-domain of HBV surface proteins and are used to prevent reinfection of the graft after liver transplantation. Novel S or preS-specific monoclonal antibodies are currently in development. The identification of sodium-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) as a bona fide receptor has revealed a suitable target for HBV entry inhibition. NTCP receptor function is blocked by a variety of different agents including Myrcludex B, a synthetic N-acylated preS1-derived lipopeptide that inhibits HBV entry in vitro and in vivo with high efficacy. Current antiviral treatment for chronic HBV-infected patients focuses on the inhibition of the viral polymerase via nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA). Entry inhibitors in combination with NAs could block reinfection and shield naive hepatocytes that emerge from natural liver turnover, opening up new therapeutic options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian A Lempp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Combined treatment with paclitaxel and suramin prevents the development of metastasis by inhibiting metastatic colonization of circulating tumor cells. Clin Exp Metastasis 2014; 31:705-14. [PMID: 24965002 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-014-9661-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic disease accounts for most deaths due to breast cancer and thus identification of novel ways to prevent this complication remains a key goal. A frequently employed preclinical model of breast cancer metastasis relies on xenografted human MDA-MB-231 cells, since these reliably produce both soft tissue and osseous metastases when introduced into the arterial circulation of athymic mice. Herein, we explored the ability of suramin (SA), an agent shown to antagonize the effects of various stromal cell-derived growth factors relevant to bone marrow colonization of tumor cells, administered both with and without paclitaxel (PTX), to inhibit the development of MDA-MB-231 metastases. Treatment with SA, PTX, or PTX plus SA (PTX/SA) was begun either at day-1, or 7 days after intra-arterial inoculation of luciferase-expressing MDA-MB-231-luc2 cells. Using in vivo and ex vivo bioluminescence imaging to detect macro-metastases, we found that PTX/SA treatment initiated on day-1 was able to dramatically reduce the frequency of bone metastases. PTX/SA and PTX administration commenced at day 7, in contrast, had no significant effect on the frequency of bone metastases, but exerted a relatively modest inhibitory effect on growth of metastases. Interestingly, reminiscent of what is seen clinically in anti-HER2 treated individuals, several of the PTX/SA-treated long term survivors went on to develop late onset CNS metastasis. Our results suggest that combining SA with PTX either in an adjuvant setting or during medical interventions that can increase the numbers of circulating tumour cells might be an effective way to prevent the development of metastases.
Collapse
|
16
|
Structural bases of norovirus RNA dependent RNA polymerase inhibition by novel suramin-related compounds. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91765. [PMID: 24622391 PMCID: PMC3951423 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Noroviruses (NV) are +ssRNA viruses responsible for severe gastroenteritis; no effective vaccines/antivirals are currently available. We previously identified Suramin (9) as a potent inhibitor of NV-RNA dependent RNA polymerase (NV-RdRp). Despite significant in vitro activities versus several pharmacological targets, Suramin clinical use is hampered by pharmacokinetics/toxicity problems. To improve Suramin access to NV-RdRp in vivo, a Suramin-derivative, 8, devoid of two sulphonate groups, was synthesized, achieving significant anti-human-NV-RdRp activity (IC50 = 28 nM); the compound inhibits also murine NV (mNV) RdRp. The synthesis process led to the isolation/characterization of lower molecular weight intermediates (3-7) hosting only one sulphonate head. The crystal structures of both hNV/mNV-RdRps in complex with 6, were analyzed, providing new knowledge on the interactions that a small fragment can establish with NV-RdRps, and establishing a platform for structure-guided optimization of potency, selectivity and drugability.
Collapse
|
17
|
Borges S, Döppler HR, Storz P. A combination treatment with DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and suramin decreases invasiveness of breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2014; 144:79-91. [PMID: 24510012 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-014-2857-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of patients with invasive breast cancer remains a major issue because of the acquisition of drug resistance to conventional chemotherapy. Here we propose a new therapeutic strategy by combining DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DMTIs) with suramin. Cytotoxic effects of suramin or combination treatment with DMTIs were determined in highly invasive breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, BT-20 and HCC1954, or control cells. In addition, effects on cell invasion were determined in 3-dimensional cell culture assays. DMTI-mediated upregulation of Protein Kinase D1 (PKD1) expression was shown by Western blotting. Effects of suramin on PKD1 activity was determined in vitro and in cells. The importance of PKD1 in mediating the effects of such combination treatment in cell invasion was demonstrated using 3D cell culture assays. A proof of principal animal experiment was performed showing that PKD1 is critical for breast cancer growth. We show that when used in combination, suramin and DMTIs impair the invasive phenotype of breast cancer cells. We show that PKD1, a kinase that previously has been described as a suppressor of tumor cell invasion, is an interface for both FDA-approved drugs, since the additive effects observed are due to DMTI-mediated re-expression and suramin-induced activation of PKD1. Our data reveal a mechanism of how a combination treatment with non-toxic doses of suramin and DMTIs may be of therapeutic benefit for patients with aggressive, multi-drug resistant breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahra Borges
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Griffin Building, Room 306, 4,500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Borges S, Storz P. Protein kinase D isoforms: new targets for therapy in invasive breast cancers? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2013; 13:895-8. [PMID: 23944680 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2013.816460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
19
|
|