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Żyro D, Sikora J, Szynkowska-Jóźwik MI, Ochocki J. Silver, Its Salts and Application in Medicine and Pharmacy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15723. [PMID: 37958707 PMCID: PMC10650883 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The healing properties of silver have been used since ancient times. The main aim of the study was to collect and review the literature on the clinical potential of silver, its salts and complex compounds. The second goal was to present an outline of the historical use of silver in medicine and pharmacy, taking into account the possibility of producing pharmaceutical drug forms on the premises of pharmacies. In the context of the growing resistance of microorganisms to available, widely used antibiotics, silver plays a key role. There is only one known case of bacterial resistance to silver-the Pseudomonas stutzeri strain, which naturally occurs in silver mines. The development of research in the field of coordination chemistry offers great opportunities in the design of new substances in which silver ions can be incorporated. These substances exhibit increased potency and often an extended antimicrobial spectrum. Silver-based compounds are, however, only limited to external applications, as opposed to their historic oral administration. Advanced studies of their physicochemical, microbiological, cytotoxic and genotoxic properties are ongoing and full of challenges. The improvement of the methods of synthesis gives the possibility of applying the newly synthesized compounds ex tempore, as was the case with the complex of metronidazole with silver (I) nitrate. Some of these experimental efforts performed in vitro are followed with clinical trials. The third and final goal of this study was to present the possibility of obtaining an ointment under the conditions of an actual pharmacy using silver (I) salts and a ligand, both of which are active substances with antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Żyro
- Department of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Joanna Sikora
- Department of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Iwona Szynkowska-Jóźwik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-543 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Justyn Ochocki
- Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
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Periferakis AT, Periferakis A, Periferakis K, Caruntu A, Badarau IA, Savulescu-Fiedler I, Scheau C, Caruntu C. Antimicrobial Properties of Capsaicin: Available Data and Future Research Perspectives. Nutrients 2023; 15:4097. [PMID: 37836381 PMCID: PMC10574431 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin is a phytochemical derived from plants of the genus Capsicum and subject of intensive phytochemical research due to its numerous physiological and therapeutical effects, including its important antimicrobial properties. Depending on the concentration and the strain of the bacterium, capsaicin can exert either bacteriostatic or even bactericidal effects against a wide range of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, while in certain cases it can reduce their pathogenicity by a variety of mechanisms such as mitigating the release of toxins or inhibiting biofilm formation. Likewise, capsaicin has been shown to be effective against fungal pathogens, particularly Candida spp., where it once again interferes with biofilm formation. The parasites Toxoplasma gondi and Trypanosoma cruzi have been found to be susceptible to the action of this compound too while there are also viruses whose invasiveness is significantly dampened by it. Among the most encouraging findings are the prospects for future development, especially using new formulations and drug delivery mechanisms. Finally, the influence of capsaicin in somatostatin and substance P secretion and action, offers an interesting array of possibilities given that these physiologically secreted compounds modulate inflammation and immune response to a significant extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristodemos-Theodoros Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
| | - Argyrios Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Periferakis
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Pan-Hellenic Organization of Educational Programs (P.O.E.P), 17236 Athens, Greece
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Anca Badarau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ilinca Savulescu-Fiedler
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Coltea Clinical Hospital, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, “Foisor” Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 021382 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Prof. N.C. Paulescu’ National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
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Periferakis A, Periferakis K, Badarau IA, Petran EM, Popa DC, Caruntu A, Costache RS, Scheau C, Caruntu C, Costache DO. Kaempferol: Antimicrobial Properties, Sources, Clinical, and Traditional Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315054. [PMID: 36499380 PMCID: PMC9740324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a category of plant-derived compounds which exhibit a large number of health-related effects. One of the most well-known and studied flavonoids is kaempferol, which can be found in a wide variety of herbs and plant families. Apart from their anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory effects, kaempferol and its associated compounds also exhibit antibacterial, antifungal, and antiprotozoal activities. The development of drugs and treatment schemes based on these compounds is becoming increasingly important in the face of emerging resistance of numerous pathogens as well as complex molecular interactions between various drug therapies. In addition, many of the kaempferol-containing plants are used in traditional systems all over the world for centuries to treat numerous conditions. Due to its variety of sources and associated compounds, some molecular mechanisms of kaempferol antimicrobial activity are well known while others are still under analysis. This paper thoroughly documents the vegetal and food sources of kaempferol as well as the most recent and significant studies regarding its antimicrobial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyrios Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Periferakis
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Pan-Hellenic Organization of Educational Programs (P.O.E.P), 17236 Athens, Greece
- Orasis Acupuncture Institute, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioana Anca Badarau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Madalina Petran
- Department of Biochemistry, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Toxicology, Grigore Alexandrescu Emergency Children’s Hospital, 011743 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Delia Codruta Popa
- Department of Biochemistry, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.C.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, ‘Titu Maiorescu’ University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Simona Costache
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine Clinic, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.C.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Prof. N.C. Paulescu’ National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniel Octavian Costache
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
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Lu Y, Zhao J, Yan Q, Zhao Y, Wang F. Identification of iron-responsive genes in Proteus vulgaris. Can J Microbiol 2022; 68:703-710. [PMID: 36214343 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2021-0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Iron is essential for almost all bacteria, and iron homeostasis is precisely controlled by the ferric uptake regulator (Fur). The Fur regulons have been well characterized in some model bacteria, yet little is known in the common opportunistic pathogen Proteus vulgaris. In this study, Fur regulon and iron-responsive genes in P. vulgaris were mainly defined by in silico and proteomic analyses. The results showed that about 250 potential Fur-regulated operons including 14 transcriptional factors were predicted, while 559 proteins exhibited differential expression in response to iron deficiency, not all being directly regulated by Fur, such as transcriptional factors lexA, recA, narL, and arcA. Collectively, these results demonstrated that Fur functioned as a global regulatory protein to repress or activate expression of a large repertoire of genes in P. vulgaris; besides, not all the iron-responsive genes were directly regulated by Fur, whereas indirectly regulated through other mechanisms such as additional transcriptional regulatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Inshore Resources Biotechnology (Quanzhou Normal University), Fujian Province University, No. 398, Donghai Road, Quanzhou362000, China.,Biology Department, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, No. 53, Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao266042, China
| | - Junkui Zhao
- Biology Department, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, No. 53, Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao266042, China
| | - Qingdan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Inshore Resources Biotechnology (Quanzhou Normal University), Fujian Province University, No. 398, Donghai Road, Quanzhou362000, China
| | - Yuqi Zhao
- Biology Department, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, No. 53, Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao266042, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Inshore Resources Biotechnology (Quanzhou Normal University), Fujian Province University, No. 398, Donghai Road, Quanzhou362000, China
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Younis AB, Haddad Y, Kosaristanova L, Smerkova K. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles: Recent progress in antimicrobial applications. WIRES NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 15:e1860. [PMID: 36205103 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
For decades, the antimicrobial applications of nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted the attention of scientists as a strategy for controlling the ever-increasing threat of multidrug-resistant microorganisms. The photo-induced antimicrobial properties of titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) NPs by ultraviolet (UV) light are well known. This review elaborates on the modern methods and antimicrobial mechanisms of TiO2 NPs and their modifications to better understand and utilize their potential in various biomedical applications. Additional compounds can be grafted onto TiO2 nanomaterial, leading to hybrid metallic or non-metallic materials. To improve the antimicrobial properties, many approaches involving TiO2 have been tested. The results of selected studies from the past few years covering the most recent trends in this field are discussed in this review. There is extensive evidence to show that TiO2 NPs can exhibit certain antimicrobial features with disputable roles of UV light. Hence, they are effective in treating bacterial infections, although the majority of these conclusions came from in vitro studies and in the presence of some additional nanomaterials. The methods of evaluation varied depending on the nature of the research while researchers incorporated different techniques, including determining the minimum inhibitory concentration, cell count, and using disk and well diffusion methods, with a noticeable indication that cell count was the most and dominant criterion used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almotasem Bellah Younis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Mendel University in Brno Brno Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of Technology Brno Czech Republic
| | - Yazan Haddad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Mendel University in Brno Brno Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of Technology Brno Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Kosaristanova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Mendel University in Brno Brno Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of Technology Brno Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Smerkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Mendel University in Brno Brno Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of Technology Brno Czech Republic
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Laourari I, Lakhdari N, Belgherbi O, Medjili C, Berkani M, Vasseghian Y, Golzadeh N, Lakhdari D. Antimicrobial and antifungal properties of NiCu-PANI/PVA quaternary nanocomposite synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization of polyaniline. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132696. [PMID: 34718011 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing antimicrobial resistance has led to use of novel technologies such as nanomaterials and nanocomposites that have shown effective antimicrobial and/or antifungal activities against several gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. There have been limited studies on antimicrobial properties of the combined polymer nanocomposites with transitional bimetallic nanoparticles such as nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu). Thus, the main objective of this study was to synthesis, characterize and investigate the antibacterial and antifungal properties of NiCu-PANI/PVA nanocomposite. The nanocomposite films with different amount of Ni and Cu salts were synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization of polyaniline using HCl as oxidant and PVA as a stabilizer. Optical, chemical composition, and morphological characteristics as well as thermal stability were evaluated using UV-Visible, FTIR, SEM-EDX, and TGA analyses. Antimicrobial properties were then determined using the disc diffusion assay against gram-negative bacteria (i.e., Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 700603, Proteus sp.,) and gram-positive bacteria (i.e., Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 2593). Fungal plant pathogens including Aspergillus niger and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi were also evaluated for determination of antifungal activity of NiCu-PANI/PVA films. Among the synthesized films, Ni65Cu35-PANI/PVA showed excellent antibacterial activity against all the bacteria strains examined in this study. The diameters of inhibition zones for Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603, Proteus sp., and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 2593 were 23, 23, 17, and 18 mm, respectively indicating good antibacterial activities. Additionally, NiCu-PANI/PVA, particularly the films with higher Cu intake, showed better antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi. However, NiCu-PANI/PVA was ineffective against Aspergillus niger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Laourari
- Laboratoire Biotechnologies, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Ville Universitaire Ali Mendjeli, BP E66, 25100, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Nadjem Lakhdari
- Laboratoire Biotechnologies, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Ville Universitaire Ali Mendjeli, BP E66, 25100, Constantine, Algeria.
| | - Ouafia Belgherbi
- Research Center in Industrial Technologies CRTI, P.O. Box 64, Cheraga, 16014, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Chahinaz Medjili
- Laboratoire Biotechnologies, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Ville Universitaire Ali Mendjeli, BP E66, 25100, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Mohammed Berkani
- Laboratoire Biotechnologies, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Ville Universitaire Ali Mendjeli, BP E66, 25100, Constantine, Algeria.
| | - Yasser Vasseghian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.
| | - Nasrin Golzadeh
- Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Knowledge Translations Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Delloula Lakhdari
- Research Center in Industrial Technologies CRTI, P.O. Box 64, Cheraga, 16014, Algiers, Algeria.
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Sharma P, Goyal D, Chudasama B. Antibacterial Activity of Colloidal Copper Nanoparticles against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris) Bacteria. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 74:695-706. [PMID: 35034356 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Antibacterial activities of as-synthesized nanoparticles have gained attention in past few years due to rapid phylogenesis of pathogens developing multi-drug resistance (MDR). Antibacterial activity of Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) on surrogate pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (MTCC No. 739) and Proteus vulgaris (MTCC No. 426) was evaluated under culture conditions. Three sets of colloidal CuNPs were synthesized by chemical reduction method with per batch yield of 0.2 g, 0.3 g and 0.4 g. As-synthesized CuNPs possess identical plasmonic properties and have similar hydrodynamic particle sizes (11-14 nm). Antibacterial activities of CuNPs were evaluated by MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) tests, cytoplasmic leakage and ROS (reactive oxygen species) assays. MIC and MBC tests revealed dose dependence bactericidal action. Growth curves of E. coli show faster growth inhibition along with higher cytoplasmic leakage than that of P. vulgaris. This might be because of increased membrane permeability of E. coli. CuNPs - microorganism interaction induces oxidative stress generated by ROS (reactive oxygen species). Leakage of cytoplasmic components, loss of membrane permeability and ROS generation are the primary causes of CuNPs induced bacterial cell death. As-synthesized CuNPs exhibiting promising antibacterial activities and could be a promising candidate for novel antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purnima Sharma
- Department Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, India.,School of Physics and Materials Science, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, India
| | - Dinesh Goyal
- Department Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, India
| | - Bhupendra Chudasama
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, India.,Thapar-VT Center of Excellence in Emerging Materials (CEEMS), Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, India
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8
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Antibacterial behavior of organosilicon composite with nano aluminum oxide without influencing animal cells. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.105143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Waszczykowska A, Żyro D, Ochocki J, Jurowski P. Clinical Application and Efficacy of Silver Drug in Ophthalmology: A Literature Review and New Formulation of EYE Drops with Drug Silver (I) Complex of Metronidazole with Improved Dosage Form. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020210. [PMID: 33669740 PMCID: PMC7922215 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of silver preparations in medicine is becoming increasingly popular. The basic aim of this evaluation was to review the literature on the clinical (in vivo) and antibacterial potential of silver preparations in ophthalmic diseases. The second goal was to summarize the results of experimental research on the use of silver preparations in ophthalmology. The third objective was to present a method for stabilizing eye drops containing silver (I) complex. Analysis of the pH stability of the silver (I) complex with metronidazole in the prepared dosage form (eye drops) was carried out. Most silver preparations are clinically used for topical application. Few experimental results indicate the usefulness of intraocular or systemic administration of silver (I) preparations as an alternative or additional therapy in infectious and angiogenic eye diseases. The development of a new formulation increases the stability of the dosage form. New forms of silver (I) products will certainly find application in the treatment of many ophthalmic diseases. One of the most important features of the silver (I) complex is its capacity to break down bacterial resistance. The new eye drops formula can significantly improve comfort of use. Due to their chemical nature, silver (I) compounds are difficult to stabilize, especially in the finished dosage form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arleta Waszczykowska
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-639-3636
| | - Dominik Żyro
- Department of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Łódź, Poland; (D.Ż.); (J.O.)
| | - Justyn Ochocki
- Department of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Łódź, Poland; (D.Ż.); (J.O.)
| | - Piotr Jurowski
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, Poland;
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Synthesis, Spectroscopy, Single-Crystal Structure Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Two Novel Complexes of Silver(I) with Miconazole Drug. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041510. [PMID: 33546211 PMCID: PMC7919260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous article, we reported on the higher toxicity of silver(I) complexes of miconazole [Ag(MCZ)2NO3 (1)] and [Ag(MCZ)2ClO4 (2)] in HepG2 tumor cells compared to the corresponding salts of silver, miconazole and cisplatin. Here, we present the synthesis of two silver(I) complexes of miconazole containing two new counter ions in the form of Ag(MCZ)2X (MCZ = 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole]; X = BF4− (3), SbF6− (4)). The novel silver(I) complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS spectrometry and X-ray-crystallography. In the present study, the antimicrobial activity of all obtained silver(I) complexes of miconazole against six strains of Gram-positive bacteria, five strains of Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts was evaluated. The results were compared with those of a silver sulfadiazine drug, the corresponding silver salts and the free ligand. Silver(I) complexes exhibited significant activity against Gram-positive bacteria, which was much better than that of silver sulfadiazine and silver salts. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed for the complex containing the nitrate counter ion. All Ag(I) complexes of miconazole resulted in much better inhibition of yeast growth than silver sulfadiazine, silver salts and miconazole. Moreover, the synthesized silver(I) complexes showed good or moderate activity against Gram-negative bacteria compared to the free ligand.
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