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Chatterjee P, Stevens HY, Kippner LE, Bowles-Welch AC, Drissi H, Mautner K, Yeago C, Gibson G, Roy K. Single-cell transcriptome and crosstalk analysis reveals immune alterations and key pathways in the bone marrow of knee OA patients. iScience 2024; 27:110827. [PMID: 39310769 PMCID: PMC11416684 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a significant medical and economic burden. To understand systemic immune effects, we performed deep exploration of bone marrow aspirate concentrates (BMACs) from knee-OA patients via single-cell RNA sequencing and proteomic analyses from a randomized clinical trial (MILES: NCT03818737). We found significant cellular and immune alterations in the bone marrow, specifically in MSCs, T cells and NK cells, along with changes in intra-tissue cellular crosstalk during OA progression. Unlike previous studies focusing on injury sites or peripheral blood, our probe into the bone marrow-an inflammation and immune regulation hub-highlights remote organ impact of OA, identifying cell types and pathways for potential therapeutic targeting. Our findings highlight increased cellular senescence and inflammatory pathways, revealing key upstream genes, transcription factors, and ligands. Additionally, we identified significant enrichment in key biological pathways like PI3-AKT-mTOR signaling and IFN responses, showing their potentially crucial role in OA onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Chatterjee
- Marcus Center for Therapeutic Cell Characterization and Manufacturing, The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hazel Y. Stevens
- Marcus Center for Therapeutic Cell Characterization and Manufacturing, The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Linda E. Kippner
- Marcus Center for Therapeutic Cell Characterization and Manufacturing, The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Annie C. Bowles-Welch
- Marcus Center for Therapeutic Cell Characterization and Manufacturing, The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kenneth Mautner
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Carolyn Yeago
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Greg Gibson
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Krishnendu Roy
- Marcus Center for Therapeutic Cell Characterization and Manufacturing, The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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Švajger U, Kolar M, Kobold A, Drobnič M. Mechanisms of treatment effects using allogeneic, umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal stem cells (MSCs) in knee osteoarthritis: a pharmacological clinical study protocol. Trials 2024; 25:533. [PMID: 39135209 PMCID: PMC11320946 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08360-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) presents a prevalent orthopedic condition causing substantial impairment in the quality of life and imposing a significant societal and economic burden. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), known for their regenerative properties and immunomodulatory effects, have emerged as a promising therapeutic avenue in regenerative medicine. Despite MSCs' therapeutic potential, their precise mechanisms of action in KOA remain underexplored. METHODS Conducted as a randomized, open-label clinical trial, 20 patients will be enrolled, with 10 in the intervention group and 10 in the control group. The primary focus will be to explore the molecular mechanisms associated with MSC therapy. Biomarkers and gene expressions related to cartilage metabolism, inflammation, immune modulation, and pain in the synovial fluid, blood, and tissue samples will be analyzed. Patients will undergo pre- and post-treatment evaluations using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and comprehensive clinical assessments. DISCUSSION This is an exploratory study with the goal to provide comprehensive insights into the therapeutic effects of MSCs on a molecular level, potentially paving the way for optimized and more effective MSC-based therapies in the management of KOA, as well as furthering the development of novel treatment strategies. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06078059. Registered on 5 October 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Švajger
- Slovenian Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Šlajmerjeva cesta 6, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia.
| | - Matic Kolar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 9, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
- Chair of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Kobold
- Slovenian Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Šlajmerjeva cesta 6, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Matej Drobnič
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 9, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
- Chair of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
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Wang Y, Gao W, Liang C, Jia F, Geng W. Influence on the temporomandibular joint induced by mandibular malpositioning caused by vertical dimension elevation and occlusal loss in adult rats: An imaging, histological and immunohistochemical study. J Oral Rehabil 2024. [PMID: 38783585 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mandibular malpositioning may result in an abnormal concentration of stresses within the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in adult rats, which may further lead to a series of pathological changes, such as articular cartilage wear, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation. However, the pathological and adaptive changes in condylar cartilage caused by different stress distributions are still controversial. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to observe the effect of sagittal changes in mandibular position on condylar cartilage by changing the occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) in adult rats. METHODS Fifteen-week-old female rats were divided into three groups: control (CON), increased OVD (iOVD) and loss of occlusion (LO) groups. An occlusal plate and tooth extraction were used to establish the animal model. TMJ samples of the experimental and CON groups were observed and investigated by bone morphological, histomorphological and immunohistochemical staining analyses at 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Weight curves were plotted. RESULTS Micro-computed tomography showed that, compared with the CON group, cartilage destruction followed by repair occurred in both experimental groups, which was similar to the trend observed in haematoxylin-eosin staining. All experimental results for the iOVD group showed an approximately similar time trend. Compared with the iOVD group, the toluidine blue and immunohistochemical staining results in the LO group showed no obvious change trend over time. CONCLUSION Compared with occlusal loss, an increase in OVD caused faster and more severe damage to condylar cartilage, and subchondral bone repair occurred later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Dental Implant Centre, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenmo Gao
- Department of Dental Implant Centre, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of Dental Implant Centre, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangwen Jia
- Department of Dental Implant Centre, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Geng
- Department of Dental Implant Centre, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Li X, Chen W, Liu D, Chen P, Wang S, Li F, Chen Q, Lv S, Li F, Chen C, Guo S, Yuan W, Li P, Hu Z. Pathological progression of osteoarthritis: a perspective on subchondral bone. Front Med 2024; 18:237-257. [PMID: 38619691 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-024-1061-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative bone disease associated with aging. The rising global aging population has led to a surge in OA cases, thereby imposing a significant socioeconomic burden. Researchers have been keenly investigating the mechanisms underlying OA. Previous studies have suggested that the disease starts with synovial inflammation and hyperplasia, advancing toward cartilage degradation. Ultimately, subchondral-bone collapse, sclerosis, and osteophyte formation occur. This progression is deemed as "top to bottom." However, recent research is challenging this perspective by indicating that initial changes occur in subchondral bone, precipitating cartilage breakdown. In this review, we elucidate the epidemiology of OA and present an in-depth overview of the subchondral bone's physiological state, functions, and the varied pathological shifts during OA progression. We also introduce the role of multifunctional signal pathways (including osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANK), and chemokine (CXC motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12)/CXC motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4)) in the pathology of subchondral bone and their role in the "bottom-up" progression of OA. Using vivid pattern maps and clinical images, this review highlights the crucial role of subchondral bone in driving OA progression, illuminating its interplay with the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Li
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenhua Chen
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Pinghua Chen
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shiyun Wang
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shunyi Lv
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fangyu Li
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Suxia Guo
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Weina Yuan
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Pan Li
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhijun Hu
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Patnaik R, Riaz S, Sivani BM, Faisal S, Naidoo N, Rizzo M, Banerjee Y. Evaluating the potential of Vitamin D and curcumin to alleviate inflammation and mitigate the progression of osteoarthritis through their effects on human chondrocytes: A proof-of-concept investigation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290739. [PMID: 38157375 PMCID: PMC10756552 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disorder primarily affecting the elderly, characterized by a prominent inflammatory component. The long-term side effects associated with current therapeutic approaches necessitate the development of safer and more efficacious alternatives. Nutraceuticals, such as Vitamin D and curcumin, present promising therapeutic potentials due to their safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness. In this study, we utilized a proinflammatory human chondrocyte model of OA to assess the anti-inflammatory properties of Vitamin D and curcumin, with a particular focus on the Protease-Activated Receptor-2 (PAR-2) mediated inflammatory pathway. Employing a robust siRNA approach, we effectively modulated the expression of PAR-2 to understand its role in the inflammatory process. Our results reveal that both Vitamin D and curcumin attenuate the expression of PAR-2, leading to a reduction in the downstream proinflammatory cytokines, such as Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and Interleukin 8 (IL-8), implicated in the OA pathogenesis. Concurrently, these compounds suppressed the expression of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor kappa-Β Ligand (RANKL) and its receptor RANK, which are associated with PAR-2 mediated TNF-α stimulation. Additionally, Vitamin D and curcumin downregulated the expression of Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), known to elevate RANKL levels, underscoring their potential therapeutic implications in OA. This study, for the first time, provides evidence of the mitigating effect of Vitamin D and curcumin on PAR-2 mediated inflammation, employing an siRNA approach in OA. Thus, our findings pave the way for future research and the development of novel, safer, and more effective therapeutic strategies for managing OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajashree Patnaik
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sumbal Riaz
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bala Mohan Sivani
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shemima Faisal
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nerissa Naidoo
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine, and Medical Specialties (Promise), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Yajnavalka Banerjee
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Centre for Medical Education, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
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Zhang S, Li T, Feng Y, Zhang K, Zou J, Weng X, Yuan Y, Zhang L. Exercise improves subchondral bone microenvironment through regulating bone-cartilage crosstalk. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1159393. [PMID: 37288291 PMCID: PMC10242115 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1159393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage degeneration has been proved to cause a variety of joint diseases, among which osteoarthritis is the most typical. Osteoarthritis is characterized by articular cartilage degeneration and persistent pain, which affects the quality of life of patients as well as brings a heavy burden to society. The occurrence and development of osteoarthritis is related to the disorder of the subchondral bone microenvironment. Appropriate exercise can improve the subchondral bone microenvironment, thus playing an essential role in preventing and treating osteoarthritis. However, the exact mechanism whereby exercise improves the subchondral bone microenvironment remains unclear. There is biomechanical interaction as well as biochemical crosstalk between bone and cartilage. And the crosstalk between bone and cartilage is the key to bone-cartilage homeostasis maintenance. From the perspective of biomechanical and biochemical crosstalk between bone and cartilage, this paper reviews the effects of exercise-mediated bone-cartilage crosstalk on the subchondral bone microenvironment, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of degenerative bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihua Zhang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Li
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Feng
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keping Zhang
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zou
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiquan Weng
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- College of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China
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7
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Li Q, Miramini S, Smith DW, Gardiner BS, Zhang L. Osteochondral junction leakage and cartilage joint lubrication. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 230:107353. [PMID: 36736148 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Previous studies have shown that there is potentially interstitial fluid exchange between cartilage tissue and the subarticular spongiosa region in the case of injury or disease (e.g., osteoarthritis and osteoporosis). Interstitial flow is also required for cartilage lubrication under joint load. A key question then is how cartilage lubrication is modified by increased interstitial fluid leakage across the osteochondral junction. Thus, the purpose of this study is to develop a numerical model to investigate changes in cartilage lubrication with changes in osteochondral junction leakage. METHODS The multi-phase coupled model includes domains corresponding to the contact gap, cartilage tissue and subchondral bone plate region (ScBP). Each of these domains are treated as poroelastic systems, with their coupling implemented through mass and pressure continuity. The effects of osteochondral junction leakage on lubrication were investigated with a parametric study on the relative permeability between the ScBP and cartilage tissue. RESULTS Significant effects of ScBP permeability were predicted, especially during the early stage of the junction leakage development (early stage of the disease). There is a significant reduction in mixed-mode lubrication duration under the effect of increased junction leakage (the cartilage tissue mixed-mode lubrication duration is about 33% decrease for a relative permeability ratio of 0.1 between ScBP and cartilage tissue, and about 52% decrease under the osteoarthritis condition). In addition, the time for cartilage to reach steady-state consolidation is significantly reduced when ScBP permeability increases (the consolidation time reduces from roughly 2 h to 1.2 h when the relative permeability ratio increases from 0.001 to 0.1, and it reduces to 0.8 h for an advanced osteoarthritis condition). It is predicted that the initial friction coefficient could increase by over 60% when the ScBP permeability is consistent with an advanced osteoarthritis (OA) condition. CONCLUSION Increased osteochondral junction leakage induced by joint injury and disease could result in increased cartilage surface wear rates due to more rapid interstitial fluid depressurization within articular cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Saeed Miramini
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - David W Smith
- School of Physics, Mathematics and Computing, The University of Western Australia, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Bruce S Gardiner
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Lihai Zhang
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Concerted regulation of OPG/RANKL/ NF‑κB/MMP-13 trajectories contribute to ameliorative capability of prodigiosin and/or low dose γ-radiation against adjuvant- induced arthritis in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109068. [PMID: 35944459 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prodigiosin (PDG) is a microbial red dye with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, although its effect on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains uncertain. Also, multiple doses of low dose γ- radiation (LDR) have been observed to be as a successful intervention for RA. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the ameliorative potential of PDG and/or LDR on adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) in rats. METHODS The anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of PDG and/or LDR were examined in vitro and in vivo, respectively. In the AIA model, the arthritic indexes, paw swelling degrees, body weight gain, and histopathological assessment in AIA rats were assayed. The impact of PDG (200 µg/kg; p.o) and/or LDR (0.5 Gy) on the levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-18, IL-17A, and IL-10) as well as the regulation of osteoprotegrin (OPG)/ receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)/ nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/MMP-13 pathways was determined. Methotrexate (MTX; 0.05 mg/kg; twice/week, i.p) was administered concurrently as a standard anti-arthritic drug. RESULTS PDG and/or LDR markedly diminished the arthritic indexes, paw edema, weigh loss in AIA rats, alleviated the pathological alterations in joints, reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-18, IL-17A, and RANKL in serum and synovial tissues, while increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and OPG levels. Moreover, PDG and/or LDR down-regulated the expression of RANKL, NF-κBp65, MMP13, caspase-3, and decreased the RANKL/OPG ratio, whereas OPG and collagen II were enhanced in synovial tissues. CONCLUSION PDG and/or LDR exhibited obvious anti-RA activity on AIA.
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Guo YN, Cui SJ, Tian YJ, Zhao NR, Zhang YD, Gan YH, Zhou YH, Wang XD. Chondrocyte apoptosis in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis promotes bone resorption by enhancing chemotaxis of osteoclast precursors. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:1140-1153. [PMID: 35513247 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the effect and mechanism of chondrocyte apoptosis on the chemotaxis of osteoclast precursors (OCPs) during bone destruction. DESIGN The relationship between cartilage and bone destruction was verified with a rat temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) model. The pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK (ZVAD) was applied to confirm the chemotactic effect of chondrocyte apoptosis on OCPs. Synthesis and release of the key chemokine CX3CL1 in apoptotic and non-apoptotic chondrocytes was assessed with IHC, IF, WB, and ELISA. The function of CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in the chemotaxis of OCPs was examined by CX3XR1 inhibitor AZD8797 (AZD) and si-CX3CL1. The regulatory effect of p38 MAPK on CX3CL1 release was verified by p38 inhibitor PH-797804. RESULTS A temporal and spatial association between cartilage degradation and bone resorption was found in the TMJOA model. The caspase-dependent chondrocyte apoptosis promoted chemotaxis of OCPs, which can be restrained by ZVAD. CX3CL1 was significantly upregulated when chondrocytes underwent apoptosis, and it played a critical role in the recruitment of OCPs, blockage of CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis resulted in less bone resorption in TMJOA. P38 MAPK was activated in apoptotic chondrocytes, and had a regulatory effect on the synthesis and release of CX3CL1. After inhibition of p38 by PH-797804, the chemotactic effect of apoptotic chondrocytes on OCPs was limited. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that apoptosis of chondrocytes in TMJOA enhances chemotaxis of OCPs toward osteoclast precursors through upregulation of the p38-CX3CL1 axis, thereby promoting the activation of local osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y N Guo
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - S J Cui
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Y J Tian
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - N R Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Y D Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Y H Gan
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China; Center for Temporomandibular Disorders and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China; Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Y H Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - X D Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Ren Q, Zhang W, Li P, Zhou J, Li Z, Zhou Y, Li M. Upregulation of osteoprotegerin inhibits tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced apoptosis of human chondrocytes. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:470. [PMID: 35747145 PMCID: PMC9204554 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrosis of the femoral head (NFH) is an orthopedic disease characterized by a severe lack of blood supply to the femoral head and a marked increase in intraosseous pressure. NFH is associated with numerous factors, such as alcohol consumption and hormone levels. The present study focused on the expression levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG) in NFH and the effect of OPG overexpression on chondrocyte apoptosis. The results demonstrated that OPG expression was markedly decreased in the femoral head of patients with NFH compared with normal femoral heads. Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of OPG in human chondrocytes reversed the decrease in cell viability and the increase in reactive oxygen species production induced by an oxidative stress-inducing factor, tert-butyl hydroperoxide. Flow cytometry and TUNEL assays revealed that OPG overexpression inhibited the apoptosis of chondrocytes. In addition, it was revealed that OPG exerted its anti-apoptotic effect mainly by promoting Bcl-2 expression and Akt phosphorylation and inhibiting caspase-3 cleavage and Bax expression. The present study revealed that OPG may be an important regulator of NFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Ren
- Department of Joint Surgery, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Wenfei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Hematology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Jianli Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Zhonghao Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
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11
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Wu W, Song K, Chen G, Liu N, Cao T. Ganoderic acid A improves osteoarthritis by regulating RANKL/OPG ratio. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:313-319. [PMID: 35708158 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ganoderma mushrooms have been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in East Asia. Whether Ganoderic acid A (GAA), the natural product extracted from Ganoderma, could be utilized to alleviate osteoarthritis (OA) is investigated in this study. Destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model was constructed to reveal the in vivo effect of GAA. We found that GAA could significantly alleviate the pathology of DMM, as confirmed by the diminished maximum histologic scores. On the other hand, GAA could down-regulate the relative expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and up-regulate the relative expression of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) in DMM cartilage and human articular chondrocytes (HC-A) cells with diminished matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP-13) secretion in the synovial fluid. It was further demonstrated that the serum concentration of OPG was correlated with the severity of osteoarthritis. All these data reveal that GAA could improve OA by regulating the RANKL/OPG ratio to inhibit the secretion of MMP-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiao Wu
- The Third Department of Orthopaedics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, Heibei Province, 061001, China
| | - Kun Song
- The Third Department of Orthopaedics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, Heibei Province, 061001, China
| | - Guangdong Chen
- The Third Department of Orthopaedics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, Heibei Province, 061001, China
| | - Ning Liu
- The Third Department of Orthopaedics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, Heibei Province, 061001, China
| | - Tongjun Cao
- The Third Department of Orthopaedics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, Heibei Province, 061001, China
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12
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Preliminary Report: Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fluid Increased Osteoclastogenesis In Vitro by Monocyte Differentiation Pathway Regulating Cytokines. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:2606916. [PMID: 35693109 PMCID: PMC9175097 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2606916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are common joint diseases associated with changes in local, as well as systemic bone structure and osteoclast function. We investigated how the different soluble inflammatory stimuli in these diseases can affect osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption in vitro. Methods. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived osteoclasts were cultured on bone slices with serum from treatment-naïve RA patients and healthy controls and with synovial fluid samples acquired from RA and OA patients. The concentrations of 29 different cytokines and related proteins, including RANKL and OPG, were analyzed in the fluids tested. Results. RA serum and synovial fluid increased both osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Osteoclastogenesis and activity increased more in the cultures containing OA than RA synovial fluid. The osteoclasts cultured in different culture media exhibited different phenotypes, especially the cells cultured with OA synovial fluid were generally larger and had more nuclei. A general increase in proinflammatory cytokines in RA synovial fluid and serum was found. Surprisingly, OA synovial fluid showed lower levels of osteoclastogenesis inhibiting cytokines, such as IL-4 and IL-10, than RA synovial fluid, which at least partly explains more pronounced osteoclastogenesis. No significant difference was found in RANKL or OPG levels. Conclusion. The proinflammatory stimulus in OA and RA drives the monocyte differentiation towards inflammatory osteoclastogenesis and altered osteoclast phenotype.
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13
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Chenhui Y, Liu Q, Guo Z, Jiang Z. Effect of Aloe Vera Polypeptide Fraction for Bone Repair in Adjuvant-Induced Arthritic Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.588.597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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Elucidation of Potential Targets of San-Miao-San in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7663212. [PMID: 35087596 PMCID: PMC8789436 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7663212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background To examine the potential therapeutic targets of Chinese medicine formula San-Miao-San (SMS) in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA), we analyzed the active compounds of SMS and key targets of OA and investigated the interacting pathways using network pharmacological approaches and molecular docking analysis. Methods The active compounds of SMS and OA-related targets were searched and screened by TCMSP, DrugBank, Genecards, OMIM, DisGeNet, TTD, and PharmGKB databases. Venn analysis and PPI were performed for evaluating the interaction of the targets. The topological analysis and molecular docking were used to confirm the subnetworks and binding affinity between active compounds and key targets, respectively. The GO and KEGG functional enrichment analysis for all targets of each subnetwork were conducted. Results A total of 57 active compounds and 203 targets of SMS were identified by the TCMSP and DrugBank database, while 1791 OA-related targets were collected from the Genecards, OMIM, DisGeNet, TTD, and PharmGKB databases. By Venn analysis, 108 intersection targets between SMS targets and OA targets were obtained. Most of these intersecting targets involve quercetin, kaempferol, and wogonin. Moreover, intersecting targets identified by PPI analysis were introduced into Cytoscape plug-in CytoNCA for topological analysis. Hence, nine key targets of SMS for OA treatment were obtained. Furthermore, the potential binding conformations between active compounds and key targets were found through molecular docking analysis. According to the DAVID enrichment analysis, the main biological processes of SMS in the treatment of OA include oxidative stress, response to reactive oxygen species, and apoptotic signaling pathways. Finally, we found wogonin, the key compound in SMS, might play a pivotal role on Toll-like receptor, IL-17, TNF, osteoclast differentiation, and apoptosis signaling pathways through interacting with four key targets. Conclusions Therefore, this study elucidated the potential active compounds and key targets of SMS in the treatment of OA based on network pharmacology.
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15
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Mirzaii-Dizgah MR, Mirzaii-Dizgah MH, Mirzaii-Dizgah I, Karami M, Forogh B. [Translated article] Osteoprotegerin changes in saliva and serum of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol (Engl Ed) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recot.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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16
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Ramesova A, Vesela B, Svandova E, Lesot H, Matalova E. Caspase-1 Inhibition Impacts the Formation of Chondrogenic Nodules, and the Expression of Markers Related to Osteogenic Differentiation and Lipid Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179576. [PMID: 34502478 PMCID: PMC8431148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Caspase-1, as the main pro-inflammatory cysteine protease, was investigated mostly with respect to inflammation-related processes. Interestingly, caspase-1 was identified as being involved in lipid metabolism, which is extremely important for the proper differentiation of chondrocytes. Based on a screening investigation, general caspase inhibition impacts the expression of Cd36 in chondrocytes, the fatty acid translocase with a significant impact on lipid metabolism. However, the engagement of individual caspases in the effect has not yet been identified. Therefore, the hypothesis that caspase-1 might be a candidate here appears challenging. The primary aim of this study thus was to find out whether the inhibition of caspase-1 activity would affect Cd36 expression in a chondrogenic micromass model. The expression of Pparg, a regulator Cd36, was examined as well. In the caspase-1 inhibited samples, both molecules were significantly downregulated. Notably, in the treated group, the formation of the chondrogenic nodules was apparently disrupted, and the subcellular deposition of lipids and polysaccharides showed an abnormal pattern. To further investigate this observation, the samples were subjected to an osteogenic PCR array containing selected markers related to cartilage/bone cell differentiation. Among affected molecules, Bmp7 and Gdf10 showed a significantly increased expression, while Itgam, Mmp9, Vdr, and Rankl decreased. Notably, Rankl is a key marker in bone remodeling/homeostasis and thus is a target in several treatment strategies, including a variety of fatty acids, and is balanced by its decoy receptor Opg (osteoprotegerin). To evaluate the effect of Cd36 downregulation on Rankl and Opg, Cd36 silencing was performed using micromass cultures. After Cd36 silencing, the expression of Rankl was downregulated and Opg upregulated, which was an inverse effect to caspase-1 inhibition (and Cd36 upregulation). These results demonstrate new functions of caspase-1 in chondrocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism-related pathways. The effect on the Rankl/Opg ratio, critical for bone maintenance and pathology, including osteoarthritis, is particularly important here as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Ramesova
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (E.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Barbora Vesela
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (E.S.); (E.M.)
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence:
| | - Eva Svandova
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (E.S.); (E.M.)
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Herve Lesot
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Eva Matalova
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (E.S.); (E.M.)
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
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17
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Zhao W, Liu Y, Liu K, Tu F, Zhang C, Wang H. Synovial fibroblasts regulate the cytotoxicity and osteoclastogenic activity of synovial natural killer cells through the RANKL‐RANK axis in osteoarthritis. Scand J Immunol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Wuhan No. 1 Hospital Qiaokou District, Wuhan China
| | - Yuanfeng Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Wuhan No. 1 Hospital Qiaokou District, Wuhan China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Wuhan No. 1 Hospital Qiaokou District, Wuhan China
| | - Feng Tu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Wuhan No. 1 Hospital Qiaokou District, Wuhan China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Wuhan No. 1 Hospital Qiaokou District, Wuhan China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Wuhan No. 1 Hospital Qiaokou District, Wuhan China
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18
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Mirzaii-Dizgah MR, Mirzaii-Dizgah MH, Mirzaii-Dizgah I, Karami M, Forogh B. Osteoprotegerin changes in saliva and serum of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol (Engl Ed) 2021; 66:47-51. [PMID: 34147417 DOI: 10.1016/j.recot.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The scope of this study was to assess salivary and serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels in knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS Serum and saliva OPG levels of 30 knee OA and 30 matched healthy controls in this cross-sectional study was assessed by ELISA. Knee pain was assessed by WOMAC. Data were analyzed by Student's t-test, Spearman correlation test and ROC. RESULTS The mean serum but not saliva OPG level was lower in knee OA than that of the healthy group. WOMAC negatively correlated with serum OPG (r=-0.501; P=0.000). The serum OPG cutoff value was 237.5pg/ml for the diagnosis of knee OA. CONCLUSIONS As serum OPG was lower in knee OA and negatively correlated with WOMAC, it seems that detection of OPG in serum but not in saliva may be a probable marker to the diagnosis of knee OA. KEY MESSAGES Osteoprotegerin decreases in knee osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-R Mirzaii-Dizgah
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M-H Mirzaii-Dizgah
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - I Mirzaii-Dizgah
- Dep. of Physiology, School of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - M Karami
- Dep. of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Forogh
- Dep. of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Fan X, Wu X, Crawford R, Xiao Y, Prasadam I. Macro, Micro, and Molecular. Changes of the Osteochondral Interface in Osteoarthritis Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:659654. [PMID: 34041240 PMCID: PMC8142862 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.659654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a long-term condition that causes joint pain and reduced movement. Notably, the same pathways governing cell growth, death, and differentiation during the growth and development of the body are also common drivers of OA. The osteochondral interface is a vital structure located between hyaline cartilage and subchondral bone. It plays a critical role in maintaining the physical and biological function, conveying joint mechanical stress, maintaining chondral microenvironment, as well as crosstalk and substance exchange through the osteochondral unit. In this review, we summarized the progress in research concerning the area of osteochondral junction, including its pathophysiological changes, molecular interactions, and signaling pathways that are related to the ultrastructure change. Multiple potential treatment options were also discussed in this review. A thorough understanding of these biological changes and molecular mechanisms in the pathologic process will advance our understanding of OA progression, and inform the development of effective therapeutics targeting OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwei Fan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiaoxin Wu
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ross Crawford
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Orthopaedic Department, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yin Xiao
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Indira Prasadam
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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20
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Wang T, Guo Y, Shi XW, Gao Y, Zhang JY, Wang CJ, Yang X, Shu Q, Chen XL, Fu XY, Xie WS, Zhang Y, Li B, Guo CQ. Acupotomy Contributes to Suppressing Subchondral Bone Resorption in KOA Rabbits by Regulating the OPG/RANKL Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:8168657. [PMID: 34335838 PMCID: PMC8298142 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8168657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Subchondral bone lesions, as the crucial inducement for accelerating cartilage degeneration, have been considered as the initiating factor and the potential therapeutic target of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Acupotomy, the biomechanical therapy guided by traditional Chinese meridians theory, alleviates cartilage deterioration by correcting abnormal mechanics. Whether this mechanical effect of acupotomy inhibits KOA subchondral bone lesions is indistinct. This study aimed to investigate the effects of acupotomy on inhibiting subchondral bone resorption and to define the possible mechanism in immobilization-induced KOA rabbits. After KOA modeling, 8 groups of rabbits (4w/6w acupotomy, 4w/6w electroacupuncture, 4w/6w model, and 4w/6w control groups) received the indicated intervention for 3 weeks. Histological and bone histomorphometry analyses revealed that acupotomy prevented both cartilage surface erosion and subchondral bone loss. Further, acupotomy suppressed osteoclast activity and enhanced osteoblast activity in KOA subchondral bone, showing a significantly decreased expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9), and cathepsin K (Ctsk) and a significantly increased expression of osteocalcin (OCN); this regulation may be mediated by blocking the decrease in osteoprotegerin (OPG) and the increase in NF-κB receptor activated protein ligand (RANKL). These findings indicated that acupotomy inhibited osteoclast activity and promoted osteoblast activity to ameliorate hyperactive subchondral bone resorption and cartilage degeneration in immobilization-induced KOA rabbits, which may be mediated by the OPG/RANKL signaling pathway. Taken together, our results indicate that acupotomy may have therapeutic potential in KOA by restoring the balance between bone formation and bone resorption to attenuate subchondral bone lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Shi
- Massage Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jia-Yi Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Beijing Nankou Hospital, Beijing 102200, China
| | - Chun-Jiu Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xue Yang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qi Shu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xi-Lin Chen
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin-Yi Fu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wen-Shan Xie
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bin Li
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Chang-Qing Guo
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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21
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From Pathogenesis to Therapy in Knee Osteoarthritis: Bench-to-Bedside. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052697. [PMID: 33800057 PMCID: PMC7962130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is currently the most widespread musculoskeletal condition and primarily affects weight-bearing joints such as the knees and hips. Importantly, knee OA remains a multifactorial whole-joint disease, the appearance and progression of which involves the alteration of articular cartilage as well as the synovium, subchondral bone, ligaments, and muscles through intricate pathomechanisms. Whereas it was initially depicted as a predominantly aging-related and mechanically driven condition given its clear association with old age, high body mass index (BMI), and joint malalignment, more recent research identified and described a plethora of further factors contributing to knee OA pathogenesis. However, the pathogenic intricacies between the molecular pathways involved in OA prompted the study of certain drugs for more than one therapeutic target (amelioration of cartilage and bone changes, and synovial inflammation). Most clinical studies regarding knee OA focus mainly on improvement in pain and joint function and thus do not provide sufficient evidence on the possible disease-modifying properties of the tested drugs. Currently, there is an unmet need for further research regarding OA pathogenesis as well as the introduction and exhaustive testing of potential disease-modifying pharmacotherapies in order to structure an effective treatment plan for these patients.
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22
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Balaskas P, Green JA, Haqqi TM, Dyer P, Kharaz YA, Fang Y, Liu X, Welting TJ, Peffers MJ. Small Non-Coding RNAome of Ageing Chondrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5675. [PMID: 32784773 PMCID: PMC7461137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a leading risk factor predisposing cartilage to osteoarthritis. However, little research has been conducted on the effect of ageing on the expression of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs). RNA from young and old chondrocytes from macroscopically normal equine metacarpophalangeal joints was extracted and subjected to small RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Differential expression analysis was performed in R using package DESeq2. For transfer RNA (tRNA) fragment analysis, tRNA reads were aligned to horse tRNA sequences using Bowtie2 version 2.2.5. Selected microRNA (miRNAs or miRs) and small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) findings were validated using real-time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) in an extended cohort of equine chondrocytes. tRNA fragments were further investigated in low- and high-grade OA human cartilage tissue. In total, 83 sncRNAs were differentially expressed between young and old equine chondrocytes, including miRNAs, snoRNAs, small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and tRNAs. qRT-PCR analysis confirmed findings. tRNA fragment analysis revealed that tRNA halves (tiRNAs), tiRNA-5035-GluCTC and tiRNA-5031-GluCTC-1 were reduced in both high grade OA human cartilage and old equine chondrocytes. For the first time, we have measured the effect of ageing on the expression of sncRNAs in equine chondrocytes. Changes were detected in a number of different sncRNA species. This study supports a role for sncRNAs in ageing cartilage and their potential involvement in age-related cartilage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Balaskas
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK; (P.D.); (Y.A.K.)
| | - Jonathan A. Green
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA; (J.A.G.); (T.M.H.)
| | - Tariq M. Haqqi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA; (J.A.G.); (T.M.H.)
| | - Philip Dyer
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK; (P.D.); (Y.A.K.)
| | - Yalda A. Kharaz
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK; (P.D.); (Y.A.K.)
| | - Yongxiang Fang
- Centre for Genomic Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK; (Y.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Xuan Liu
- Centre for Genomic Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK; (Y.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Tim J.M. Welting
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Mandy J. Peffers
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK; (P.D.); (Y.A.K.)
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Biochemical Signals Mediate the Crosstalk between Cartilage and Bone in Osteoarthritis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5720360. [PMID: 32337258 PMCID: PMC7165323 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5720360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteochondral junction is a functional unit comprising the articular cartilage, calcified cartilage, and subchondral bone. Alteration in any component of this composite unit can disrupt the joint integrity and function directly or indirectly. Biochemical signals mediate the crosstalk between tissues and play an essential role in the initiation and progression of osteoarthritis. As osteoarthritis progresses, abnormal subchondral bone remodelling leads to increased angiogenesis and porosity of the subchondral bone plate, which further triggers biochemical signals to mediate the crosstalk between cartilage and bone, contributing to the progression of osteoarthritis. Notably, common biochemical signals include the TGF-β/Smad, Wnt/β-catenin, RANK/RANKL/OPG, and MAPK pathways. This biomarker crosstalk network is the basis of osteoarthritis pathogenesis, and some of their key regulators may be potential therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis drug therapy. This review summarised the biochemical crosstalk between cartilage and bone in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, which may provide the basis for the discovery of osteoarthritis treatment targets.
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Ellegaard M, Bieler T, Beyer N, Kjaer M, Jørgensen NR. The effect of 4 months exercise training on systemic biomarkers of cartilage and bone turnover in hip osteoarthritis patients. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ellegaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Theresa Bieler
- Department of Physical & Occupational Therapy Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Nina Beyer
- Institute for Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Michael Kjaer
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Niklas R. Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark
- University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
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Kovács B, Vajda E, Nagy EE. Regulatory Effects and Interactions of the Wnt and OPG-RANKL-RANK Signaling at the Bone-Cartilage Interface in Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184653. [PMID: 31546898 PMCID: PMC6769977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage and the bordering subchondral bone form a functionally active regulatory interface with a prominent role in osteoarthritis pathways. The Wnt and the OPG-RANKL-RANK signaling systems, as key mediators, interact in subchondral bone remodeling. Osteoarthritic osteoblasts polarize into two distinct phenotypes: a low secretory and an activated, pro-inflammatory and anti-resorptive subclass producing high quantities of IL-6, PGE2, and osteoprotegerin, but low levels of RANKL, thus acting as putative effectors of subchondral bone sclerosis. Wnt agonists, Wnt5a, Wisp-1 initiate excessive bone remodeling, while Wnt3a and 5a simultaneously cause loss of proteoglycans and phenotype shift in chondrocytes, with decreased expression of COL2A, aggrecan, and Sox-9. Sclerostin, a Wnt antagonist possesses a protective effect for the cartilage, while DKK-1 inhibits VEGF, suspending neoangiogenesis in the subchondral bone. Experimental conditions mimicking abnormal mechanical load, the pro-inflammatory milieu, but also a decreased OPG/RANKL ratio in the cartilage, trigger chondrocyte apoptosis and loss of the matrix via degradative matrix metalloproteinases, like MMP-13 or MMP-9. Hypoxia, an important cofactor exerts a dual role, promoting matrix synthesis via HIF-1α, a Wnt silencer, but turning on HIF-2α that enhances VEGF and MMP-13, along with aberrant collagen expression and extracellular matrix deterioration in the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béla Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania.
| | - Enikő Vajda
- Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania.
| | - Előd Ernő Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania.
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Bone-cartilage crosstalk: a conversation for understanding osteoarthritis. Bone Res 2016; 4:16028. [PMID: 27672480 PMCID: PMC5028726 DOI: 10.1038/boneres.2016.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although cartilage degradation is the characteristic feature of osteoarthritis (OA), it is now recognized that the whole joint is involved in the progression of OA. In particular, the interaction (crosstalk) between cartilage and subchondral bone is thought to be a central feature of this process. The interface between articular cartilage and bone of articulating long bones is a unique zone, which comprises articular cartilage, below which is the calcified cartilage sitting on and intercalated into the subchondral bone plate. Below the subchondral plate is the trabecular bone at the end of the respective long bones. In OA, there are well-described progressive destructive changes in the articular cartilage, which parallel characteristic changes in the underlying bone. This review examines the evidence that biochemical and biomechanical signaling between these tissue compartments is important in OA disease progression and asks whether such signaling might provide possibilities for therapeutic intervention to halt or slow disease development.
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Zeng JZ, Wang ZZ, Ma LF, Meng H, Yu HM, Cheng WH, Zhang YK, Guo A. Increased receptor activator of nuclear factor κβ ligand/osteoprotegerin ratio exacerbates cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis in vitro. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:2778-2782. [PMID: 27698783 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive cartilage destruction, matrix degradation and bony changes. Subchondral bone alterations in osteoarthritis are associated with cartilage destruction. It has previously been demonstrated that osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κβ ligand (RANKL) mediate this process. The RANKL/OPG ratio is altered in OA chondrocytes compared with normal chondrocytes. In the pathogenesis of OA, abnormal expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) are secreted by chondrocytes has a vital role in the progression of cartilage erosion. In the present study, the effect of various RANKL/OPG ratios on MMP-13 expression levels was investigated in interleukin-1β-stimulated SW1353 human chondrosarcoma cells. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay and MMP-13 mRNA and protein expression levels were analyzed by quantitative reverse-transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, ELISA and western blot analyses, respectively. The results demonstrated that an increase in MMP-13 mRNA and protein expression levels was observed with increasing RANKL/OPG ratio. These findings suggest that this mechanism may be used as a novel therapeutic strategy against OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Zhou Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China; Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Zhong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Li-Feng Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Hai Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Hao-Miao Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hao Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Kui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Ai Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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Bertuglia A, Lacourt M, Girard C, Beauchamp G, Richard H, Laverty S. Osteoclasts are recruited to the subchondral bone in naturally occurring post-traumatic equine carpal osteoarthritis and may contribute to cartilage degradation. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:555-66. [PMID: 26505663 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The role of osteoclasts in osteochondral degeneration in osteoarthritis (OA) has rarely been investigated in spontaneous disease or animal models of OA. OBJECTIVE The objectives of the current study were to investigate osteoclast density and location in post-traumatic OA (PTOA) and control specimens from racehorses. METHOD Cores were harvested from a site in the equine third carpal bone, that undergoes repetitive, high intensity loading. Histological and immunohistochemical (Cathepsin K and Receptor-activator of Nuclear Factor kappa-β ligand (RANKL)) stained sections were scored (global and subregional) and the osteoclast density calculated. The cartilage histological scores were compared with osteoclast density and RANKL scores. RESULTS There was a greater density of osteoclasts in PTOA samples and they were preferentially located in the subchondral bone plate. RANKL scores positively correlated to the scores of cartilage degeneration and the osteoclast density. The relationship between hyaline articular cartilage RANKL score and osteoclast density was stronger than that of the subchondral bone RANKL score suggesting that cartilage RANKL may have a role in recruiting osteoclasts. The RANKL score in the articular calcified cartilage correlated with the number of microcracks also suggesting that osteoclasts recruited by RANKL may contribute to calcified cartilage degeneration in PTOA. CONCLUSION Our results support the hypothesis that osteoclasts are recruited during the progression of spontaneous equine carpal PTOA by cartilage RANKL, contributing to calcified cartilage microcracks and focal subchondral bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bertuglia
- Comparative Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Département de sciences cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada.
| | - M Lacourt
- Comparative Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Département de sciences cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - C Girard
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie Vétérinaires, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - G Beauchamp
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie Vétérinaires, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - H Richard
- Comparative Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Département de sciences cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - S Laverty
- Comparative Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Département de sciences cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada.
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Parathyroid hormone (1-34) prevents cartilage degradation and preserves subchondral bone micro-architecture in guinea pigs with spontaneous osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2014; 22:1869-77. [PMID: 25084133 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether parathyroid hormone (PTH) (1-34) could improve the micro-structure of subchondral bone, and retard cartilage degradation in a naturally occurring Osteoarthritis (OA) model. DESIGN Forty-eight 1-month-old guinea pigs were divided into two groups: 32 were treated by normal saline (NS) and sacrificed at 1, 3, 6 and 9 months of age; the other 16 received PTH (1-34) from 3 months, and were sacrificed at 6 and 9 months. Masson staining and the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grade scores were used to assess cartilage degradation. Immunohistochemistry analyses of type-II collagen, matrix metalloproteinases-13 (MMP-13) and sclerostin (SOST) in the cartilage, osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL) and PTH receptor (PTH1R) in the cartilage and subchondral bone were performed. Subchondral bone micro-architecture was assessed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). RESULTS Histological analyses revealed OA occurred at 3 months of age and was more severe with increasing age, and PTH (1-34) reduced the OARSI scores at 6 and 9 months of age. Micro-CT analysis indicated that PTH (1-34) treatment increased the bone volume ratio and bone mineral density (BMD), while retarding the subchondral trabecular bone micro-architectural changes from rod-like to plate-like. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that PTH (1-34) treatment increased type-II collagen expression and decreased SOST and MMP-13 expression in the cartilage, while elevating the PTH1R, OPG/RANKL expression ratio in the cartilage and subchondral trabecular bone when compared with the control groups. CONCLUSIONS PTH (1-34) can prevent cartilage damage progression and retard the deterioration of subchondral trabecular bone in guinea pigs.
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Wang Z, Ding L, Zhang S, Jiang T, Yang Y, Li R. Effects of icariin on the regulation of the OPG-RANKL-RANK system are mediated through the MAPK pathways in IL-1β-stimulated human SW1353 chondrosarcoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2014; 34:1720-6. [PMID: 25270538 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthrodial cartilage degradation and subchondral bone remodeling comprise the most predominant pathological changes in osteoarthritis (OA). Moreover, accumulating evidence indicates that the abnormal expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK) plays a vital role in the collapse of cartilage and subchondral bone. In the present study, the effects of icariin on the expression levels of these 3 factors in interleukin (IL)-1β-stimulated SW1353 chondrosarcoma cells were investigated. The SW1353 chondrosarcoma cells were cultured in the presence or absence of icariin and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway inhibitors, and were then stimulated with IL-1β. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. The mRNA and protein expression of OPG, RANKL and RANK was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and ELISA, respectively. In addition, the levels of phosphorylated p38 (p-p38) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK)1/2 were detected by western blot analysis. The results from western blot analysis revealed that treatment with icariin decreased the levels of p-p38 and increased the levels of p-ERK1/2 in the IL-1β-stimulated SW1353 cells. In addition, treatment with icariin decreased the levels of RANK and RANKL. Furthermore, the suppressive effects of icariin on OPG and OPG/RANKL were greater than those exhibited by the p38 signaling pathway inhibitor (SB203580). The findings of the the present study suggest that icariin has therapeutic potential for use in the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeming Wang
- Department of Combination of Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Combination of Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Sihan Zhang
- Department of Combination of Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Pneumology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yongmian Yang
- Department of Gynaecology, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Rongheng Li
- Department of Combination of Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Yuan XL, Meng HY, Wang YC, Peng J, Guo QY, Wang AY, Lu SB. Bone-cartilage interface crosstalk in osteoarthritis: potential pathways and future therapeutic strategies. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2014; 22:1077-89. [PMID: 24928319 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Currently, osteoarthritis (OA) is considered a disease of the entire joint, which is not simply a process of wear and tear but rather abnormal remodelling and joint failure of an organ. The bone-cartilage interface is therefore a functioning synergistic unit, with a close physical association between subchondral bone and cartilage suggesting the existence of biochemical and molecular crosstalk across the OA interface. The crosstalk at the bone-cartilage interface may be elevated in OA in vivo and in vitro. Increased vascularisation and formation of microcracks associated with abnormal bone remodelling in joints during OA facilitate molecular transport from cartilage to bone and vice versa. Recent reports suggest that several critical signalling pathways and biological factors are key regulators and activate cellular and molecular processes in crosstalk among joint compartments. Therapeutic interventions including angiogenesis inhibitors, agonists/antagonists of molecules and drugs targeting bone remodelling are potential candidates for this interaction. This review summarised the premise for the presence of crosstalk in bone-cartilage interface as well as the current knowledge of the major signalling pathways and molecular interactions that regulate OA progression. A better understanding of crosstalk in bone-cartilage interface may lead to development of more effective strategies for treating OA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Yuan
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
| | - H Y Meng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
| | - Y C Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
| | - J Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
| | - Q Y Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
| | - A Y Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China.
| | - S B Lu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
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Ramos YFM, Bos SD, van der Breggen R, Kloppenburg M, Ye K, Lameijer EWEMW, Nelissen RGHH, Slagboom PE, Meulenbelt I. A gain of function mutation inTNFRSF11Bencoding osteoprotegerin causes osteoarthritis with chondrocalcinosis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 74:1756-62. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-205149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Snelling S, Rout R, Davidson R, Clark I, Carr A, Hulley P, Price A. A gene expression study of normal and damaged cartilage in anteromedial gonarthrosis, a phenotype of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2014; 22:334-43. [PMID: 24361742 PMCID: PMC3988961 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify osteoarthritis (OA) relevant genes and pathways in damaged and undamaged cartilage isolated from the knees of patients with anteromedial gonarthrosis (AMG) - a specific form of knee OA. DESIGN Cartilage was obtained from nine patients undergoing unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) for AMG. AMG provides a spatial representation of OA progression; showing a reproducible and histologically validated pattern of cartilage destruction such that damaged and undamaged cartilage from within the same knee can be consistently isolated and examined. Gene expression was analysed by microarray and validated using real-time PCR. RESULTS Damaged and undamaged cartilage showed distinct gene expression profiles. 754 genes showed significant up- or down-regulation (non-False discovery rate (FDR) P < 0.05) with enrichment for genes involved in cell signalling, Extracellular Matrix (ECM) and inflammatory response. A number of genes previously unreported in OA showed strongly altered expression including RARRES3, ADAMTSL2 and DUSP10. Confirmation of genes previously identified as modulated in OA was also obtained e.g., SFRP3, MMP3 and IGF1. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to examine a common and consistent phenotype of OA to allow direct comparison of damaged and undamaged cartilage from within the same joint compartment. We have identified specific gene expression profiles in damaged and undamaged cartilage and have determined relevant genes and pathways in OA progression. Importantly this work also highlights the necessity for phenotypic and microanatomical characterization of cartilage in future studies of OA pathogenesis and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Snelling
- The Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK,Address correspondence and reprint requests to: S. Snelling. The Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK.
| | - R. Rout
- The Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK
| | - R. Davidson
- Biomedical Research Unit, University of East Anglia, UK
| | - I. Clark
- Biomedical Research Unit, University of East Anglia, UK
| | - A. Carr
- The Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK
| | - P.A. Hulley
- The Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK
| | - A.J. Price
- The Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK
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Interplay between cartilage and subchondral bone contributing to pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:19805-30. [PMID: 24084727 PMCID: PMC3821588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141019805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common debilitating joint disorder, affecting large sections of the population with significant disability and impaired quality of life. During OA, functional units of joints comprising cartilage and subchondral bone undergo uncontrolled catabolic and anabolic remodeling processes to adapt to local biochemical and biological signals. Changes in cartilage and subchondral bone are not merely secondary manifestations of OA but are active components of the disease, contributing to its severity. Increased vascularization and formation of microcracks in joints during OA have suggested the facilitation of molecules from cartilage to bone and vice versa. Observations from recent studies support the view that both cartilage and subchondral bone can communicate with each other through regulation of signaling pathways for joint homeostasis under pathological conditions. In this review we have tried to summarize the current knowledge on the major signaling pathways that could control the cartilage-bone biochemical unit in joints and participate in intercellular communication between cartilage and subchondral bone during the process of OA. An understanding of molecular communication that regulates the functional behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts in both physiological and pathological conditions may lead to development of more effective strategies for treating OA patients.
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Cantley MD, Rainsford KD, Haynes DR. Effects of Osteochondrin S and select connective tissue ribonucleinate components on human osteoclasts in vitro. J Pharm Pharmacol 2013; 65:1214-22. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Osteochondrin S, a natural product derived from connective tissues and yeast, is used to treat osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Osteochondrin S on human osteoclast activity in vitro.
Methods
Osteoclasts were derived from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) ligand. Cells were treated with 23.5–587.2 ng/ml Osteochondrin S or 0.2–5 mg/ml of RNA components (synovia, placenta, intervertebral disc or cartilage). The effects on osteoclast formation and resorptive activity were assessed. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was conducted to assess the expression of key osteoclast genes.
Key findings
Osteochondrin S and the individual RNA extracts resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of human osteoclast activity. Osteochondrin S did not affect RANK, nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATc1), osteoclast-associated receptor or cathepsin K expression. However, there was a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in mRNA expression of calcitonin receptor. Osteochondrin S treatment also significantly increased the expression of osteoclast inhibitory factor interferon-β and, interestingly, increased the expression of tumour necrosis-α-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK).
Conclusions
Osteochondrin S inhibited the resorptive ability of osteoclasts. These actions are likely to occur at a late stage during osteoclast formation, downstream of NFATc1. Overall, the findings show that Osteochondrin S inhibition of osteoclast activity may be responsible for its beneficial effects on diseases such as osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa D Cantley
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - K D Rainsford
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - David R Haynes
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Sagar DR, Ashraf S, Xu L, Burston JJ, Menhinick MR, Poulter CL, Bennett AJ, Walsh DA, Chapman V. Osteoprotegerin reduces the development of pain behaviour and joint pathology in a model of osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013; 73:1558-65. [PMID: 23723320 PMCID: PMC4112443 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased subchondral bone turnover may contribute to pain in osteoarthritis (OA). OBJECTIVES To investigate the analgesic potential of a modified version of osteoprotegerin (osteoprotegerin-Fc (OPG-Fc)) in the monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) model of OA pain. METHODS Male Sprague Dawley rats (140-260 g) were treated with either OPG-Fc (3 mg/kg, subcutaneously) or vehicle (phosphate-buffered saline) between days 1 and 27 (pre-emptive treatment) or days 21 and 27 (therapeutic treatment) after an intra-articular injection of MIA (1 mg/50 µl) or saline. A separate cohort of rats received the bisphosphonate zoledronate (100 µg/kg, subcutaneously) between days 1 and 25 post-MIA injection. Incapacitance testing and von Frey (1-15 g) hind paw withdrawal thresholds were used to assess pain behaviour. At the end of the study, rats were killed and the knee joints and spinal cord removed for analysis. Immunohistochemical studies using Iba-1 and GFAP quantified levels of activation of spinal microglia and astrocytes, respectively. Joint sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin or Safranin-O fast green and scored for matrix proteoglycan and overall joint morphology. The numbers of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive osteoclasts were quantified. N=10 rats/group. RESULTS Pre-emptive treatment with OPG-Fc significantly attenuated the development of MIA-induced changes in weightbearing, but not allodynia. OPG-Fc decreased osteoclast number, inhibited the formation of osteophytes and improved structural pathology within the joint similarly to the decrease seen after pretreatment with the bisphosphonate, zoledronate. Therapeutic treatment with OPG-Fc decreased pain behaviour, but did not improve pathology in rats with established joint damage. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that early targeting of osteoclasts may reduce pain associated with OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devi Rani Sagar
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sadaf Ashraf
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Luting Xu
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - James J Burston
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | - Andrew J Bennett
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - David A Walsh
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Victoria Chapman
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Comparison of the ability of chondroitin sulfate derived from bovine, fish and pigs to suppress human osteoclast activity in vitro. Inflammopharmacology 2013; 21:407-12. [PMID: 23644893 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-013-0171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) compounds are commonly used to manage OA symptoms. Recent literature has indicated that abnormal subchondral bone metabolism may have a role in the pathogenesis of OA. The aim of this study was to access the effects of chondroitin sulfate obtained from bovine, fish and porcine sources on human osteoclast formation and activity in vitro. Human osteoclasts were generated from blood mononuclear cells. Cells were cultured over 17 days with the addition of macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and then stimulated with receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand from day 7. Cells were treated with the CS commencing from day 7 onwards. To assess effects on osteoclasts, tartrate resistant acid phosphatate (TRAP) expression and resorption of whale dentine assays were used. Bovine-derived CS consistently suppressed osteoclast activity at concentrations as low as 1 μg/ml. Fish and porcine CS was less consistent in their effects varying with different donor cells. All CS compounds had little effect on TRAP activity. mRNA analysis using real-time PCR of bovine CS treated cells indicated that the inhibition of activity was not due to inhibition of the late stage NFATc1 transcription factor (p > 0.05). These results are consistent with CS inhibition of mature osteoclast activity rather than the formation of mature osteoclasts. It would appear that there are differences in activity of the different CS compounds with bovine-derived CS being the most consistently effective inhibitor of osteoclast resorption, but the results need to be confirmed.
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Marzaioli V, McMorrow JP, Angerer H, Gilmore A, Crean D, Zocco D, Rooney P, Veale D, Fearon U, Gogarty M, McEvoy AN, Stradner MH, Murphy EP. Histamine contributes to increased RANKL to osteoprotegerin ratio through altered nuclear receptor 4A activity in human chondrocytes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 64:3290-301. [PMID: 22674155 DOI: 10.1002/art.34554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate histamine receptor-mediated signaling pathways, transcriptional events, and target gene expression in human cartilage. METHODS Histamine modulation of cartilage destruction was assessed by Safranin O staining and proteoglycan release. H(1) , H(2) , H(3) , and H(4) histamine receptor-dependent regulation of transcription factors (nuclear receptor 4A1 [NR4A1], NR4A2, and NR4A3), RANKL, and osteoprotegerin (OPG) messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were measured in primary and SW-1353 chondrocyte cells using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and selective histamine receptor antagonists. Soluble RANKL and OPG protein levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. NR4A protein levels and transactivity were evaluated by Western blot analysis, immunocytochemistry, and luciferase reporter assays. Stable depletion of NR4A1-3 was achieved by lentiviral transduction of NR4A short hairpin RNA. RESULTS Primary human chondrocyte cells expressed differential steady-state levels of H(1) -H(4) histamine receptor mRNA. In combination with tumor necrosis factor α, histamine significantly promoted cartilage proteoglycan depletion and release. Histamine modulated the expression of NR4A1-3 orphan receptors in primary and immortalized human chondrocyte cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Histamine selectively signaled through H(1) and H(2) histamine receptors in chondrocytes to modulate RANKL and NR4A2 expression. The temporal effects of histamine on NR4A2 gene transcription were reduced in cells pretreated with inhibitors directed against protein kinase A, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Histamine modulated the expression of RANKL with modest effects on OPG levels, leading to increased RANKL:OPG mRNA and protein ratios. Stable knockdown of NR4A1-3 expression resulted in reduced endogenous OPG levels and the loss of histamine-dependent regulation of RANKL expression. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that histamine, via H(1) and H(2) histamine receptors, contributes to joint disease by enhancing the ratio of RANKL to OPG expression through altered NR4A activity in human chondrocyte cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Marzaioli
- Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Saidak Z, Marie PJ. Strontium signaling: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications in osteoporosis. Pharmacol Ther 2012; 136:216-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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