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Lin T, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Steckler RA, Yang X. Hop2 interacts with the transcription factor CEBPα and suppresses adipocyte differentiation. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101264. [PMID: 34600885 PMCID: PMC8528721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CCAAT enhancer binding protein (CEBP) transcription factors (TFs) are known to promote adipocyte differentiation; however, suppressors of CEBP TFs have not been reported thus far. Here, we find that homologous chromosome pairing protein 2 (Hop2) functions as an inhibitor for the TF CEBPα. We found that Hop2 mRNA is highly and specifically expressed in adipose tissue, and that ectopic Hop2 expression suppresses reporter activity induced by CEBP as revealed by DNA transfection. Recombinant and ectopically expressed Hop2 was shown to interact with CEBPα in pull-down and coimmunoprecipitation assays, and interaction between endogenous Hop2 and CEBPα was observed in the nuclei of 3T3 preadipocytes and adipocytes by immunofluorescence and coimmunoprecipitation of nuclear extracts. In addition, Hop2 stable overexpression in 3T3 preadipocytes inhibited adipocyte differentiation and adipocyte marker gene expression. These in vitro data suggest that Hop2 inhibits adipogenesis by suppressing CEBP-mediated transactivation. Consistent with a negative role for Hop2 in adipogenesis, ablation of Hop2 (Hop2-/-) in mice led to increased body weight, adipose volume, adipocyte size, and adipogenic marker gene expression. Adipogenic differentiation of isolated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells showed a greater number of lipid droplet-containing colonies formed in Hop2-/- adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell cultures than in wt controls, which is associated with the increased expression of adipogenic marker genes. Finally, chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed a higher binding activity of endogenous CEBPα to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, a master adipogenic TF, and a known CEBPα target gene. Therefore, our study identifies for the first time that Hop2 is an intrinsic suppressor of CEBPα and thus adipogenesis in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonghui Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rita A Steckler
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiangli Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA.
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Duarri A, Rodríguez-Bocanegra E, Martínez-Navarrete G, Biarnés M, García M, Ferraro LL, Kuebler B, Aran B, Izquierdo E, Aguilera-Xiol E, Casaroli-Marano RP, Trias E, Fernandez E, Raya Á, Veiga A, Monés J. Transplantation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelium in a Swine Model of Geographic Atrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910497. [PMID: 34638840 PMCID: PMC8508834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to test the feasibility and safety of subretinal transplantation of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells into the healthy margins and within areas of degenerative retina in a swine model of geographic atrophy (GA). METHODS Well-delimited selective outer retinal damage was induced by subretinal injection of NaIO3 into one eye in minipigs (n = 10). Thirty days later, a suspension of hiPSC-derived RPE cells expressing green fluorescent protein was injected into the subretinal space, into the healthy margins, and within areas of degenerative retina. In vivo follow-up was performed by multimodal imaging. Post-mortem retinas were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and histology. RESULTS In vitro differentiated hiPSC-RPE cells showed a typical epithelial morphology, expressed RPE-related genes, and had phagocytic ability. Engrafted hiPSC-RPE cells were detected in 60% of the eyes, forming mature epithelium in healthy retina extending towards the border of the atrophy. Histological analysis revealed RPE interaction with host photoreceptors in the healthy retina. Engrafted cells in the atrophic zone were found in a patchy distribution but failed to form an epithelial-like layer. CONCLUSIONS These results might support the use of hiPSC-RPE cells to treat atrophic GA by providing a housekeeping function to aid the overwhelmed remnant RPE, which might improve its survival and therefore slow down the progression of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Duarri
- Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia–P-CMR[C], Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (A.D.); (B.K.); (B.A.); (Á.R.)
- National Stem Cell Bank-Barcelona Node, Biomolecular and Bioinformatics Resources Platform PRB2, ISCIII, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Ophthalmology Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Rodríguez-Bocanegra
- Barcelona Macula Foundation: Research for Vision, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; (E.R.-B.); (M.B.); (M.G.); (L.L.F.)
- Institut de la Màcula, Centro Médico Teknon, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gema Martínez-Navarrete
- Networking Research Center of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (G.M.-N.); (E.F.)
- Institute of Bioengineering, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Alicante, Spain
| | - Marc Biarnés
- Barcelona Macula Foundation: Research for Vision, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; (E.R.-B.); (M.B.); (M.G.); (L.L.F.)
- Institut de la Màcula, Centro Médico Teknon, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam García
- Barcelona Macula Foundation: Research for Vision, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; (E.R.-B.); (M.B.); (M.G.); (L.L.F.)
- Institut de la Màcula, Centro Médico Teknon, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Lee Ferraro
- Barcelona Macula Foundation: Research for Vision, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; (E.R.-B.); (M.B.); (M.G.); (L.L.F.)
- Institut de la Màcula, Centro Médico Teknon, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bernd Kuebler
- Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia–P-CMR[C], Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (A.D.); (B.K.); (B.A.); (Á.R.)
| | - Begoña Aran
- Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia–P-CMR[C], Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (A.D.); (B.K.); (B.A.); (Á.R.)
- National Stem Cell Bank-Barcelona Node, Biomolecular and Bioinformatics Resources Platform PRB2, ISCIII, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Ricardo P. Casaroli-Marano
- Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB-Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Health Science, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esteve Trias
- LEITAT Technological Center, 08005 Barcelona, Spain;
- Advanced Therapies Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Fernandez
- Networking Research Center of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (G.M.-N.); (E.F.)
- Institute of Bioengineering, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Alicante, Spain
| | - Ángel Raya
- Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia–P-CMR[C], Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (A.D.); (B.K.); (B.A.); (Á.R.)
- Networking Research Center of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (G.M.-N.); (E.F.)
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Veiga
- Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia–P-CMR[C], Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (A.D.); (B.K.); (B.A.); (Á.R.)
- National Stem Cell Bank-Barcelona Node, Biomolecular and Bioinformatics Resources Platform PRB2, ISCIII, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (J.M.)
| | - Jordi Monés
- Barcelona Macula Foundation: Research for Vision, 08022 Barcelona, Spain; (E.R.-B.); (M.B.); (M.G.); (L.L.F.)
- Institut de la Màcula, Centro Médico Teknon, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (J.M.)
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Ramesova A, Vesela B, Svandova E, Lesot H, Matalova E. Caspase-1 Inhibition Impacts the Formation of Chondrogenic Nodules, and the Expression of Markers Related to Osteogenic Differentiation and Lipid Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179576. [PMID: 34502478 PMCID: PMC8431148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Caspase-1, as the main pro-inflammatory cysteine protease, was investigated mostly with respect to inflammation-related processes. Interestingly, caspase-1 was identified as being involved in lipid metabolism, which is extremely important for the proper differentiation of chondrocytes. Based on a screening investigation, general caspase inhibition impacts the expression of Cd36 in chondrocytes, the fatty acid translocase with a significant impact on lipid metabolism. However, the engagement of individual caspases in the effect has not yet been identified. Therefore, the hypothesis that caspase-1 might be a candidate here appears challenging. The primary aim of this study thus was to find out whether the inhibition of caspase-1 activity would affect Cd36 expression in a chondrogenic micromass model. The expression of Pparg, a regulator Cd36, was examined as well. In the caspase-1 inhibited samples, both molecules were significantly downregulated. Notably, in the treated group, the formation of the chondrogenic nodules was apparently disrupted, and the subcellular deposition of lipids and polysaccharides showed an abnormal pattern. To further investigate this observation, the samples were subjected to an osteogenic PCR array containing selected markers related to cartilage/bone cell differentiation. Among affected molecules, Bmp7 and Gdf10 showed a significantly increased expression, while Itgam, Mmp9, Vdr, and Rankl decreased. Notably, Rankl is a key marker in bone remodeling/homeostasis and thus is a target in several treatment strategies, including a variety of fatty acids, and is balanced by its decoy receptor Opg (osteoprotegerin). To evaluate the effect of Cd36 downregulation on Rankl and Opg, Cd36 silencing was performed using micromass cultures. After Cd36 silencing, the expression of Rankl was downregulated and Opg upregulated, which was an inverse effect to caspase-1 inhibition (and Cd36 upregulation). These results demonstrate new functions of caspase-1 in chondrocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism-related pathways. The effect on the Rankl/Opg ratio, critical for bone maintenance and pathology, including osteoarthritis, is particularly important here as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Ramesova
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (E.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Barbora Vesela
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (E.S.); (E.M.)
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence:
| | - Eva Svandova
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (E.S.); (E.M.)
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Herve Lesot
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Eva Matalova
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (E.S.); (E.M.)
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
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Yin Y, Yang K, Li J, Da P, Zhang Z, Qiu X. Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) is essential for progression of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in an Osteopontin/NF-κB-dependent manner. Cancer Biomark 2021; 29:521-529. [PMID: 32865181 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-201435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the expression levels of IFITM1 in human tissue samples and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) cells, and to explore the potential mechanisms of IFITM1 in LSCC progression. METHODS Quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical (IHC) assays were performed to detect IFITM1 expression in 62 LSCC tissues and corresponding normal tissues. We further detected the effects of IFITM1 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of LSCC cells and NF-κB signaling pathway through colony formation assay, wound healing assay and transwell assay, respectively. RESULTS We demonstrated the possible involvement of IFITM1 in the progression of LSCC. We found the upregulated expression of IFITM1 in human LSCC tissues and cells, and analyzed the correlations between IFITM1 expression and osteopontin. Our data further confirmed that IFITM1 affected cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of LSCC cells via the regulation of NF-κB signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS We investigated the potential involvement of IFITM1 in the progression of LSCC, and therefore confirmed that IFITM1 was a potential therapeutic target for LSCC.
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Lu X, Tu SW, Chang W, Wan C, Wang J, Zang Y, Ramdas B, Kapur R, Lu X, Cao S, Zhang C. SSMD: a semi-supervised approach for a robust cell type identification and deconvolution of mouse transcriptomics data. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22:bbaa307. [PMID: 33230549 PMCID: PMC8294548 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Deconvolution of mouse transcriptomic data is challenged by the fact that mouse models carry various genetic and physiological perturbations, making it questionable to assume fixed cell types and cell type marker genes for different data set scenarios. We developed a Semi-Supervised Mouse data Deconvolution (SSMD) method to study the mouse tissue microenvironment. SSMD is featured by (i) a novel nonparametric method to discover data set-specific cell type signature genes; (ii) a community detection approach for fixing cell types and their marker genes; (iii) a constrained matrix decomposition method to solve cell type relative proportions that is robust to diverse experimental platforms. In summary, SSMD addressed several key challenges in the deconvolution of mouse tissue data, including: (i) varied cell types and marker genes caused by highly divergent genotypic and phenotypic conditions of mouse experiment; (ii) diverse experimental platforms of mouse transcriptomics data; (iii) small sample size and limited training data source and (iv) capable to estimate the proportion of 35 cell types in blood, inflammatory, central nervous or hematopoietic systems. In silico and experimental validation of SSMD demonstrated its high sensitivity and accuracy in identifying (sub) cell types and predicting cell proportions comparing with state-of-the-arts methods. A user-friendly R package and a web server of SSMD are released via https://github.com/xiaoyulu95/SSMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Lu
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University−Purdue University Indianapolis
| | - Szu-Wei Tu
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University−Purdue University Indianapolis
| | - Wennan Chang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University
| | - Changlin Wan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University
| | - Jiashi Wang
- Biomedical Data Research Data (BDRD) Lab at Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Yong Zang
- Department of Biostatistics and a member of the Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Baskar Ramdas
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Reuben Kapur
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Xiongbin Lu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Sha Cao
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Chi Zhang
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine
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Shin EY, Yoon YJ, Lee JE, Shim SH, Park GH, Lee DR. Identification of Putative Markers That Predict the In Vitro Senescence of Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061301. [PMID: 34073789 PMCID: PMC8225148 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) are a promising cell source for regenerative medicine because of their immunomodulatory properties, anti-inflammatory molecule secretion, and replacement of damaged cells. Despite these advantages, heterogeneity in functional potential and limited proliferation capacity of MPCs, as well as the lack of suitable markers for product potency, hamper the development of large-scale manufacturing processes of MPCs. Therefore, there is a sustained need to develop highly proliferative and standardized MPCs in vitro and find suitable functional markers for measuring product potency. In this study, three lines of pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-derived MPCs with high proliferative ability were established and compared with bone-marrow-derived MPCs using proliferation assays and microarrays. A total of six genes were significantly overexpressed (>10-fold) in the highest proliferative MPC line (CHA-hNT5-MPCs) and validated by qRT-PCR. However, only two of the genes (MYOCD and ODZ2) demonstrated a significant correlation with MPC senescence in vitro. Our study provides new gene markers for predicting replicative senescence and the available quantity of MPCs but may also help to guide the development of new standard criteria for manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Gyunggi-do, Korea; (E.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.Y.); (S.H.S.); (G.H.P.)
| | - Yeo-Joon Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Gyunggi-do, Korea; (E.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.Y.); (S.H.S.); (G.H.P.)
| | - Jeoung Eun Lee
- CHA Advanced Research Institute, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Gyunggi-do, Korea;
| | - Sung Han Shim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Gyunggi-do, Korea; (E.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.Y.); (S.H.S.); (G.H.P.)
| | - Gene Hong Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Gyunggi-do, Korea; (E.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.Y.); (S.H.S.); (G.H.P.)
| | - Dong Ryul Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Gyunggi-do, Korea; (E.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.Y.); (S.H.S.); (G.H.P.)
- Correspondence:
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McFadden MJ, McIntyre ABR, Mourelatos H, Abell NS, Gokhale NS, Ipas H, Xhemalçe B, Mason CE, Horner SM. Post-transcriptional regulation of antiviral gene expression by N6-methyladenosine. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108798. [PMID: 33657363 PMCID: PMC7981787 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) induce hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in response to viral infection. Induction of these ISGs must be regulated for an efficient and controlled antiviral response, but post-transcriptional controls of these genes have not been well defined. Here, we identify a role for the RNA base modification N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in the regulation of ISGs. Using ribosome profiling and quantitative mass spectrometry, coupled with m6A-immunoprecipitation and sequencing, we identify a subset of ISGs, including IFITM1, whose translation is enhanced by m6A and the m6A methyltransferase proteins METTL3 and METTL14. We further determine that the m6A reader YTHDF1 increases the expression of IFITM1 in an m6A-binding-dependent manner. Importantly, we find that the m6A methyltransferase complex promotes the antiviral activity of type I IFN. Thus, these studies identify m6A as having a role in post-transcriptional control of ISG translation during the type I IFN response for antiviral restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J McFadden
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Alexa B R McIntyre
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Tri-Institutional Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Haralambos Mourelatos
- Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Memorial Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Nathan S Abell
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305-5324, USA
| | - Nandan S Gokhale
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hélène Ipas
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Blerta Xhemalçe
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Christopher E Mason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Tri-Institutional Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Stacy M Horner
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Tan XD, Liu B, Jiang Y, Yu HJ, Li CQ. Gadd45b mediates environmental enrichment-induced neurogenesis in the SVZ of rats following ischemia stroke via BDNF. Neurosci Lett 2021; 745:135616. [PMID: 33421485 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability. Subventricular zone (SVZ) neurogenesis following an ischemic stroke may be beneficial for improving the outcomes. Environmental enrichment (EE) has been reported to increase neurogenesis following stroke. Growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein 45 β (Gadd45b) is a crucial gene for activity-correlated neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus of mice. This study examined whether Gadd45b inhibition affects adult SVZ neurogenesis after an ischemic injury and explored the role of Gadd45b in EE-induced SVZ neurogenesis in adult male Sprague Dawley rats following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Gadd45b expression was silenced by a lentivirus with RNA interference (RNAi). The 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining test was performed to detect cell proliferation. Gadd45b-RNAi after MCAO decreased SVZ proliferation and differentiation in the infarction boundary following ischemic injury, accompanied by the depressed expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Treatment with EE following ischemic stroke upregulated Gadd45b and BDNF expressions and increased neurogenesis in the SVZ. Inhibition of Gadd45b markedly ameliorated the increased neurogenesis induced by EE. These data indicated that Gadd45b is related to SVZ neurogenesis following ischemic stroke, and Gadd45b mediates EE-induced neurogenesis via BDNF in the SVZ of rats following an ischemia stroke. These results implicate that Gadd45b can be a potential therapeutic target to enhance adult neurogenesis following cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dan Tan
- Rehabilitation Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Hong-Jun Yu
- Rehabilitation Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Chang-Qing Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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9
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Fidanza A, Stumpf PS, Ramachandran P, Tamagno S, Babtie A, Lopez-Yrigoyen M, Taylor AH, Easterbrook J, Henderson BEP, Axton R, Henderson NC, Medvinsky A, Ottersbach K, Romanò N, Forrester LM. Single-cell analyses and machine learning define hematopoietic progenitor and HSC-like cells derived from human PSCs. Blood 2020; 136:2893-2904. [PMID: 32614947 PMCID: PMC7862875 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020006229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) develop in distinct waves at various anatomical sites during embryonic development. The in vitro differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) recapitulates some of these processes; however, it has proven difficult to generate functional hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). To define the dynamics and heterogeneity of HSPCs that can be generated in vitro from hPSCs, we explored single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) in combination with single-cell protein expression analysis. Bioinformatics analyses and functional validation defined the transcriptomes of naïve progenitors and erythroid-, megakaryocyte-, and leukocyte-committed progenitors, and we identified CD44, CD326, ICAM2/CD9, and CD18, respectively, as markers of these progenitors. Using an artificial neural network that we trained on scRNAseq derived from human fetal liver, we identified a wide range of hPSC-derived HSPCs phenotypes, including a small group classified as HSCs. This transient HSC-like population decreased as differentiation proceeded, and was completely missing in the data set that had been generated using cells selected on the basis of CD43 expression. By comparing the single-cell transcriptome of in vitro-generated HSC-like cells with those generated within the fetal liver, we identified transcription factors and molecular pathways that can be explored in the future to improve the in vitro production of HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Fidanza
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick S Stumpf
- Joint Research Center for Computational Biomedicine, Uniklinik Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Prakash Ramachandran
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Tamagno
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ann Babtie
- Centre for Integrative Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Martha Lopez-Yrigoyen
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - A Helen Taylor
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Easterbrook
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Beth E P Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Axton
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Neil C Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Medvinsky
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Katrin Ottersbach
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Romanò
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lesley M Forrester
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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10
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Yusof MFH, Hashim SNM, Zahari W, Chandra H, Noordin KBAA, Kannan TP, Hamid SSA, Mokhtar KI, Azlina A. Amniotic Membrane Enhance the Effect of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor on the Angiogenic Marker Expression of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 191:177-190. [PMID: 32096060 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03266-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Previously, it was reported that human amniotic membrane (AM) induced stem cells from human deciduous exfoliated teeth (SHED) endothelial-like-cell differentiation. This interesting effect of AM matrix on SHED demands further elucidation. Objective of this in vitro work was to study the effect of 24-h VEGF induced on SHED endothelial differentiation when seeded on acellular stromal side (SS) of AM matrix. Stemness of SHED was identified by flow cytometry. Cell attachment and morphological changes towards the matrix was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Protein expression of endothelial marker was examined by Western blot. The expression of stem cells and endothelial-specific gene markers of VEGF-induced SHED cultured on human AM was inspected via reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Results showed SHED at both passages retain stemness property. Ang-1 protein was expressed in SHED. Cells treated with VEGF and cultured on AM transformed attached well to AM. VEGF-induced SHED expressed both stem cell and endothelial-specific markers throughout the treatments and timeline. Interestingly, prolonged VEGF treatment increased the expression of Cox-2 and VE-Cadherin genes in all treated groups when compared to SHED. It was concluded that the VEGF-induced SHED showed better expression of endothelial-specific markers when cultured on SS of AM, with prolonged VEGF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fuad Hilmi Yusof
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nurnasihah Md Hashim
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wafa' Zahari
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hamshawagini Chandra
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Thirumulu Ponnuraj Kannan
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Suzina Sheikh Abdul Hamid
- Tissue Bank, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Khairani Idah Mokhtar
- Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Azlina
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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11
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Du L, Zhang X, Chen L, Zhang L, Li H. K31 as a novel marker for clear secretory cells in human eccrine sweat glands. J Mol Histol 2020; 51:47-53. [PMID: 31975318 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09855-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
K31 was previously considered as one of the hair keratins. During a study on differential markers between hair follicles and eccrine sweat glands, we observed that K31 was expressed in eccrine sweat gland cells in a scattered pattern, similar to the distribution of dark or clear secretory cells. To investigate the precise cell localization of K31 in human eccrine sweat glands and find new marker for eccrine sweat gland cells, human skin samples were fixed, paraffined and sectioned. The serial sections were stained for K31, dark secretory cell marker gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 (GCDFP15) and clear secretory cell marker carbonic anhydrase II (CAII). The exact cell localization of K31 was detected by double immunofluorescence staining of K31 and a serial of cell-specific markers, and further by dual stain using a combination of periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and immunofluorescence for K31 and GCDFP15. The expression pattern of K31-positive cells was similar to that of CAII-positive cells but was different from that of GCDFP15-positive staining in serial sections. Double immunofluorescent staining showed that K31-positive cells co-expressed K7 and CAII, but not S100P, α-SMA or GCDFP15. Dual stain by combined PAS and immunofluorescence showed that K31-positive cells are negative for PAS staining. We conclude that K31 is a previously unreported eccrine clear cell marker that allows for distinction between clear and dark secretory cells, as well as between secretory coils and ducts of eccrine sweat glands in human eccrine sweat glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Du
- Department of Wound Repair and Dermatologic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Wound Repair and Dermatologic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Liyun Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, North Dongxia Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Mental Health Center, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Haihong Li
- Department of Wound Repair and Dermatologic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 32 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
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12
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Kim C, Young JL, Holle AW, Jeong K, Major LG, Jeong JH, Aman ZM, Han DW, Hwang Y, Spatz JP, Choi YS. Stem Cell Mechanosensation on Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA) Stiffness Gradient Hydrogels. Ann Biomed Eng 2019; 48:893-902. [PMID: 31802282 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-019-02428-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Stiffness gradient hydrogels are a useful platform for studying mechanical interactions between cells and their surrounding environments. Here, we developed linear stiffness gradient hydrogels by controlling the polymerization of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) via differential UV penetration with a gradient photomask. Based on previous observations, a stiffness gradient GelMA hydrogel was created ranging from ~ 4 to 13 kPa over 15 mm (0.68 kPa/mm), covering the range of physiological tissue stiffness from fat to muscle, thereby allowing us to study stem cell mechanosensation and differentiation. Adipose-derived stem cells on these gradient hydrogels showed no durotaxis, which allowed for the screening of mechanomarker expression without confounding directed migration effects. In terms of morphological markers, the cell aspect ratio showed a clear positive correlation to the underlying substrate stiffness, while no significant correlation was found in cell size, nuclear size, or nuclear aspect ratio. Conversely, expression of mechanomarkers (i.e., Lamin A, YAP, and MRTFa) all showed a highly significant correlation to stiffness, which could be disrupted via inhibition of non-muscle myosin or Rho/ROCK signalling. Furthermore, we showed that cells plated on stiffer regions became stiffer themselves, and that stem cells showed stiffness-dependent differentiation to fat or muscle as has been previously reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Kim
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Young
- Department of Cellular Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrew W Holle
- Department of Cellular Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kwanghee Jeong
- Fluid Science and Resources, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Luke G Major
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 31151, Korea
| | - Zachary M Aman
- Fluid Science and Resources, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Department of CognoMechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Korea
| | - Yongsung Hwang
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 31151, Korea
| | - Joachim P Spatz
- Department of Cellular Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yu Suk Choi
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
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13
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Yin HM, Liu W, Huang YF, Ren Y, Xu L, Xu JZ, Zhao B, Li ZM. Surface Epitaxial Crystallization-Directed Nanotopography for Accelerating Preosteoblast Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:42956-42963. [PMID: 31661240 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Surface nanotopography provides a physical stimulus to direct cell fate, especially in the case of osteogenic differentiation. However, fabrication of nanopatterns usually suffers from complex procedures. Herein, a feasible and versatile method was presented to create unique nanosheets on a poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) substrate via surface epitaxial crystallization. The thickness, periodic distance, and root-mean-square nanoroughness of surface nanosheets were tunable by simply altering the PCL concentration in the growth solution. Epitaxial nanosheets possessed an identical composition as the substrate, being a prerequisite to revealing the independent effect of biophysical linkage on the osteogenic mechanism of the patterned surface. Preosteoblasts' response to the epitaxial nanosheets was examined in the aspect of preosteoblast proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. The expression of alkaline phosphatase, collagen type I, osteopontin, and osteocalcin as well as mineralization was significantly promoted by the epitaxial nanosheets. Acceleration of osteogenic differentiation was attributed to activating the TAZ/RUNX2 signaling pathway. The findings demonstrate that surface epitaxial crystallization is a feasible approach to design and construct nanotopography for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Mo Yin
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Yan-Fei Huang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Yue Ren
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Ling Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Jia-Zhuang Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Baisong Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology , Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center , Guangzhou 510623 , China
| | - Zhong-Ming Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
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14
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Bhatlekar S, Basak I, Edelstein LC, Campbell RA, Lindsey CR, Italiano JE, Weyrich AS, Rowley JW, Rondina MT, Sola-Visner M, Bray PF. Anti-apoptotic BCL2L2 increases megakaryocyte proplatelet formation in cultures of human cord blood. Haematologica 2019; 104:2075-2083. [PMID: 30733267 PMCID: PMC6886406 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.204685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a recognized limitation to generating large numbers of megakaryocytes in culture. The genes responsible have been rigorously studied in vivo in mice, but are poorly characterized in human culture systems. As CD34-positive (+) cells isolated from human umbilical vein cord blood were differentiated into megakaryocytes in culture, two distinct cell populations were identified by flow cytometric forward and side scatter: larger size, lower granularity (LLG), and smaller size, higher granularity (SHG). The LLG cells were CD41aHigh CD42aHigh phosphatidylserineLow, had an electron microscopic morphology similar to mature bone marrow megakaryocytes, developed proplatelets, and displayed a signaling response to platelet agonists. The SHG cells were CD41aLowCD42aLowphosphatidylserineHigh, had a distinctly apoptotic morphology, were unable to develop proplatelets, and showed no signaling response. Screens of differentiating megakaryocytes for expression of 24 apoptosis genes identified BCL2L2 as a novel candidate megakaryocyte apoptosis regulator. Lentiviral BCL2L2 overexpression decreased megakaryocyte apoptosis, increased CD41a+ LLG cells, and increased proplatelet formation by 58%. An association study in 154 healthy donors identified a significant positive correlation between platelet number and platelet BCL2L2 mRNA levels. This finding was consistent with the observed increase in platelet-like particles derived from cultured megakaryocytes over-expressing BCL2L2 BCL2L2 also induced small, but significant increases in thrombin-induced platelet-like particle αIIbβ3 activation and P-selectin expression. Thus, BCL2L2 restrains apoptosis in cultured megakaryocytes, promotes proplatelet formation, and is associated with platelet number. BCL2L2 is a novel target for improving megakaryocyte and platelet yields in in vitro culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Bhatlekar
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Indranil Basak
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Leonard C Edelstein
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Robert A Campbell
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Cory R Lindsey
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Andrew S Weyrich
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Jesse W Rowley
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Matthew T Rondina
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
- George E. Wahlen VAMC GRECC, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | - Paul F Bray
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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15
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Sakharkar AJ, Kyzar EJ, Gavin DP, Zhang H, Chen Y, Krishnan HR, Grayson DR, Pandey SC. Altered amygdala DNA methylation mechanisms after adolescent alcohol exposure contribute to adult anxiety and alcohol drinking. Neuropharmacology 2019; 157:107679. [PMID: 31229451 PMCID: PMC6681823 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Binge drinking during adolescence increases the risk for neuropsychiatric disorders including alcoholism in adulthood. DNA methylation in post-mitotic neurons is an important epigenetic modification that plays a crucial role in neurodevelopment. We examined the effects of intermittent ethanol exposure during adolescence on adult behavior and whether DNA methylation changes provide a plausible explanation for the lasting effects of this developmental insult. One hour after last adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE), growth arrest and DNA damage inducible protein 45 (Gadd45a, Gadd45b, and Gadd45g) mRNA expression was increased and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) activity and Dnmt3b expression was decreased in the amygdala as compared to adolescent intermittent saline (AIS) rats. However, AIE rats 24 h after last exposure displayed increased DNMT activity but normalized Gadd45 and Dnmt3b mRNA expression compared to AIS rats. In adulthood, rats exposed to AIE show increased Dnmt3b mRNA expression and DNMT activity, along with decreased Gadd45g mRNA expression in the amygdala. DNA methylation of neuropeptide Y (Npy) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) exon IV is increased in the AIE adult amygdala compared to AIS adult rats. Treatment with the DNMT inhibitor 5-azacytidine (5-azaC) at adulthood normalizes the AIE-induced DNA hypermethylation of Npy and Bdnf exon IV with concomitant reversal of AIE-induced anxiety-like and alcohol-drinking behaviors. These results suggest that binge-like ethanol exposure during adolescence leads to dysregulation in DNA methylation mechanisms in the amygdala which may contribute to behavioral phenotypes of anxiety and alcohol use in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amul J Sakharkar
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Evan J Kyzar
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - David P Gavin
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Huaibo Zhang
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Harish R Krishnan
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Dennis R Grayson
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Subhash C Pandey
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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16
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Abstract
Osteogenesis is an orchestrated process regulated by osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis. Excessive osteoclastogenesis causes bone diseases, such as osteoporosis. Although a few drugs are effective in osteoporosis treatment, these drugs lead to side effects, including cellulitis, flatulence, and hypocalcemia. In this study, we reported a 2-(N-Phenylmethylsulfonamido)-N-(2-(phenylthio)phenyl)propanamide (PSTP) compound, PSTP-3,5-Me, as a potential therapeutic agent for osteoporosis. Mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were differentiated into osteoclasts by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in the presence of PSTP-3,5-Me. PSTP-3,5-Me inhibited osteoclast differentiation by reduced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclasts, and suppressed the expression of osteoclast marker genes, such as cathepsin K (Ctsk) and TRAP (Acp5). We investigated signaling pathways mediated by RANKL and its receptor, RANK, and found that PSTP-3,5-Me inhibits nucleus translocation of nuclear factor of activated T cell cytoplasmic-1 (NFATc1). Moreover, PSTP-3,5-Me inhibited F-actin ring formation and mineral resorption. Overall, our data suggests that PSTP-3,5-Me attenuates osteoclast differentiation by blocking the activation of NFATc1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Cho
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
| | - Zhihao Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine (BK21plus), Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
| | - Jinkyung Lee
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
| | - Sunwoo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
| | - Tae-Hoon Lee
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
- Department of Molecular Medicine (BK21plus), Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
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17
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Peng WC, Logan CY, Fish M, Anbarchian T, Aguisanda F, Álvarez-Varela A, Wu P, Jin Y, Zhu J, Li B, Grompe M, Wang B, Nusse R. Inflammatory Cytokine TNFα Promotes the Long-Term Expansion of Primary Hepatocytes in 3D Culture. Cell 2019; 175:1607-1619.e15. [PMID: 30500539 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the healthy adult liver, most hepatocytes proliferate minimally. However, upon physical or chemical injury to the liver, hepatocytes proliferate extensively in vivo under the direction of multiple extracellular cues, including Wnt and pro-inflammatory signals. Currently, liver organoids can be generated readily in vitro from bile-duct epithelial cells, but not hepatocytes. Here, we show that TNFα, an injury-induced inflammatory cytokine, promotes the expansion of hepatocytes in 3D culture and enables serial passaging and long-term culture for more than 6 months. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals broad expression of hepatocyte markers. Strikingly, in vitro-expanded hepatocytes engrafted, and significantly repopulated, the injured livers of Fah-/- mice. We anticipate that tissue repair signals can be harnessed to promote the expansion of otherwise hard-to-culture cell-types, with broad implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weng Chuan Peng
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Catriona Y Logan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matt Fish
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Teni Anbarchian
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Francis Aguisanda
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Adrián Álvarez-Varela
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Peng Wu
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yinhua Jin
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Junjie Zhu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Bin Li
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Markus Grompe
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Bruce Wang
- Department of Medicine and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Roel Nusse
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Diaz-Rodriguez P, Erndt-Marino JD, Gharat T, Munoz Pinto DJ, Samavedi S, Bearden R, Grunlan MA, Saunders WB, Hahn MS. Toward zonally tailored scaffolds for osteochondral differentiation of synovial mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:2019-2029. [PMID: 30549205 PMCID: PMC6934364 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) are an emerging cell source for regenerative medicine applications, including osteochondral defect (OCD) repair. However, in contrast to bone marrow MSCs, scaffold compositions which promote SMSC chondrogenesis/osteogenesis are still being identified. In the present manuscript, we examine poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG)-based scaffolds containing zonally-specific biochemical cues to guide SMSC osteochondral differentiation. Specifically, SMSCs were encapsulated in PEG-based scaffolds incorporating glycosaminoglycans (hyaluronan or chondroitin-6-sulfate [CSC]), low-dose of chondrogenic and osteogenic growth factors (TGFβ1 and BMP2, respectively), or osteoinductive poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). Initial studies suggested that PEG-CSC-TGFβ1 scaffolds promoted enhanced SMSC chondrogenic differentiation, as assessed by significant increases in Sox9 and aggrecan. Conversely, PEG-PDMS-BMP2 scaffolds stimulated increased levels of osteoblastic markers with significant mineral deposition. A "Transition" zone formulation was then developed containing a graded mixture of the chondrogenic and osteogenic signals present in the PEG-CSC-TGFβ1 and PEG-PDMS-BMP2 constructs. SMSCs within the "Transition" formulation displayed a phenotypic profile similar to hypertrophic chondrocytes, with the highest expression of collagen X, intermediate levels of osteopontin, and mineralization levels equivalent to "bone" formulations. Overall, these results suggest that a graded transition from PEG-CSC-TGFβ1 to PEG-PDMS-BMP2 scaffolds elicits a gradual SMSC phenotypic shift from chondrocyte to hypertrophic chondrocyte to osteoblast-like. As such, further development of these scaffold formulations for use in SMSC-based OCD repair is warranted. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2019-2029, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Josh D Erndt-Marino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Tanmay Gharat
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Dany J Munoz Pinto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Satyavrata Samavedi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Robert Bearden
- Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Melissa A Grunlan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - W Brian Saunders
- Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Mariah S Hahn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
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Shirai K, Obara K, Tohgi N, Yamazaki A, Aki R, Hamada Y, Arakawa N, Singh SR, Hoffman RM, Amoh Y. Expression of anti-aging type-XVII collagen (COL17A1/BP180) in hair follicle-associated pluripotent (HAP) stem cells during differentiation. Tissue Cell 2019; 59:33-38. [PMID: 31383286 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hair-follicle-associated pluripotent (HAP) stem cells reside in the upper part of the bulge area of the the hair follicle. HAP stem cells are nestin-positive and keratin 15-negative and have the capacity to differentiate into various types of cells in vitro. HAP stem cells are also involved in nerve and spinal cord regeneration in mouse models. Recently, it was shown that the DNA-damage response in non-HAP hair follicle stem cells induces proteolysis of type-XVII collagen (COL17A1/BP180), which is involved in hair-follicle stem-cell maintenance. COL17A1 proteolysis stimulated hair-follicle stem-cell aging, characterized by the loss of stemness signatures and hair-follicle miniaturization associated with androgenic alopecia. In the present study, we demonstrate that HAP stem cells co-express nestin and COL17A1 in vitro and in vivo. The expression of HAP stem cell markers (nestin and SSEA1) increased after HAP stem-cell colonies were formed, then decreased after differentiation to epidermal keratinocytes. In contrast COL17A1 increased after differentiation to epidermal keratinocytes. These results suggest that COL17A1 is important in differentiation of HAP stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoumi Shirai
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Koya Obara
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Natsuko Tohgi
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Aiko Yamazaki
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Aki
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yuko Hamada
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Nobuko Arakawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Shree Ram Singh
- Basic Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederic, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Robert M Hoffman
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Yasuyuki Amoh
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
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França CM, Thrivikraman G, Athirasala A, Tahayeri A, Gower LB, Bertassoni LE. The influence of osteopontin-guided collagen intrafibrillar mineralization on pericyte differentiation and vascularization of engineered bone scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:1522-1532. [PMID: 30267638 PMCID: PMC6440878 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetically mineralized collagen scaffolds are promising for bone regeneration, but vascularization of these materials remains to be addressed. Here, we engineered mineralized scaffolds using an osteopontin-guided polymer-induced liquid-precursor mineralization method to recapitulate bone's mineralized nanostructure. SEM images of mineralized samples confirmed the presence of collagen with intrafibrillar mineral, also EDS spectra and FTIR showed high peaks of calcium and phosphate, with a similar mineral/matrix ratio to native bone. Mineralization increased collagen compressive modulus up to 15-fold. To evaluate vasculature formation and pericyte-like differentiation, HUVECs and hMSCs were seeded in a 4:1 ratio in the scaffolds for 7 days. Moreover, we used RT-PCR to investigate the gene expression of pericyte markers ACTA2, desmin, CD13, NG2, and PDGFRβ. Confocal images showed that both nonmineralized and mineralized scaffolds enabled endothelial capillary network formation. However, vessels in the nonmineralized samples had longer vessel length, a larger number of junctions, and a higher presence of αSMA+ mural cells. RT-PCR analysis confirmed the downregulation of pericytic markers in mineralized samples. In conclusion, although both scaffolds enabled endothelial capillary network formation, mineralized scaffolds presented less pericyte-supported vessels. These observations suggest that specific scaffold characteristics may be required for efficient scaffold vascularization in future bone tissue engineering strategies. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1522-1532, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane M. França
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Greeshma Thrivikraman
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Avathamsa Athirasala
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anthony Tahayeri
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Laurie B. Gower
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Luiz E. Bertassoni
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Yan J, Jiang Y, Lu J, Wu J, Zhang M. Inhibiting of Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Lung Cancer Induced by Silencing Interferon-Induced Transmembrane Protein 1 (IFITM1). Biomed Res Int 2019; 2019:9085435. [PMID: 31205947 PMCID: PMC6530206 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9085435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1), a 17-kDa membrane protein, is generally known as a modulator in many cellular functions. Recent studies showed overexpression of IFITM1 in cancers and relationship between IFITM1 overexpression and tumor progression. However, the role of IFITM1 in lung cancer remains unclear. Here, we presented the overexpression of IFITM1 in lung cancer tissues and cell lines A549 and H460 using quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR. In vitro assay indicated IFITM1 silencing inhibited lung cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Further, in vivo assay showed that IFITM1 silencing markedly suppressed cell growth and metastasis of lung cancer in tumor-bearing BALB/c nude mice. Mechanistically, we found that IFITM1 silencing significantly alleviated the protein levels of β-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-Mycin lung cancer cells and tumor samples. Taken together, our study revealed the role of IFITM1 as a tumor promoter during lung cancer development and the possible molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yan
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jianfeng Lu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Mingfang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
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Sugimori F, Hirakawa H, Tsutsui A, Yamaji H, Komaru S, Takasaki M, Iwamatsu T, Uemura T, Uemura Y, Morita K, Tsumura T. A novel electron emission-based cell culture device promotes cell proliferation and differentiation of pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213579. [PMID: 30921357 PMCID: PMC6438582 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this report we demonstrate the effect of a novel electron emission-based cell culture device on the proliferation and differentiation of pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Our device has an electron emission element that allows, for the first time, stable emission of electrons into an atmosphere. Atmospheric electrons react with gas molecules to generate radicals and negative ions, which induce a variety of biochemical reactions in the attached cell culture system. In this study, we demonstrated the effect of this new electron emission-based cell culture device on cell proliferation and differentiation using pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Electron emission stimulation (EES) was applied directly to culture medium containing plated cells, after which the number of living cells, the mRNA levels of osteogenesis-related genes, and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were evaluated. The growth rate of EES-exposed cells increased by approximately 20% in comparison with unexposed control cells. We also found the mRNA levels of osteogenic specific genes such as collagen type I α-1, core-binding factor α-1, and osteocalcin to be up-regulated following EES. ALP activity, a marker for osteogenic activity, was significantly enhanced in EES-treated cells. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species generated by EES were measured to determine their effect on MC3T3-E1 cells. These results suggest that our new electron emission-based cell culture device, while providing a relatively weak stimulus in comparison with atmospheric plasma systems, promotes cell proliferation and differentiation. This system is expected to find application in regenerative medicine, specifically in relation to bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiaki Sugimori
- Advanced Technology Development Unit, Business Solution Business Unit, SHARP CORPORATION, Yamatokoriyama, Nara, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hiroyuki Hirakawa
- Advanced Technology Development Unit, Business Solution Business Unit, SHARP CORPORATION, Yamatokoriyama, Nara, Japan
| | - Ai Tsutsui
- Advanced Technology Development Unit, Business Solution Business Unit, SHARP CORPORATION, Yamatokoriyama, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamaji
- Advanced Technology Development Unit, Business Solution Business Unit, SHARP CORPORATION, Yamatokoriyama, Nara, Japan
| | - Shohei Komaru
- Advanced Technology Development Unit, Business Solution Business Unit, SHARP CORPORATION, Yamatokoriyama, Nara, Japan
| | - Mai Takasaki
- Advanced Technology Development Unit, Business Solution Business Unit, SHARP CORPORATION, Yamatokoriyama, Nara, Japan
| | - Tadashi Iwamatsu
- Advanced Technology Development Unit, Business Solution Business Unit, SHARP CORPORATION, Yamatokoriyama, Nara, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Uemura
- Cell Culture Marketing & Research Center, JTEC COOPERATION, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yo Uemura
- Cell Culture Marketing & Research Center, JTEC COOPERATION, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Morita
- Cell Culture Marketing & Research Center, JTEC COOPERATION, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsumura
- Cell Culture Marketing & Research Center, JTEC COOPERATION, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
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Utheim OA, Pasovic L, Raeder S, Eidet JR, Fostad IG, Sehic A, Roald B, de la Paz MF, Lyberg T, Dartt DA, Utheim TP. Effects of explant size on epithelial outgrowth, thickness, stratification, ultrastructure and phenotype of cultured limbal epithelial cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212524. [PMID: 30861002 PMCID: PMC6413940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Transplantation of limbal stem cells is a promising therapy for limbal stem cell deficiency. Limbal cells can be harvested from either a healthy part of the patient’s eye or the eye of a donor. Small explants are less likely to inflict injury to the donor site. We investigated the effects of limbal explant size on multiple characteristics known to be important for transplant function. Methods Human limbal epithelial cells were expanded from large versus small explants (3 versus 1 mm of the corneal circumference) for 3 weeks and characterized by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy. Epithelial thickness, stratification, outgrowth, ultrastructure and phenotype were assessed. Results Epithelial thickness and stratification were similar between the groups. Outgrowth size correlated positively with explant size (r = 0.37; P = 0.01), whereas fold growth correlated negatively with explant size (r = –0.55; P < 0.0001). Percentage of cells expressing the limbal epithelial cell marker K19 was higher in cells derived from large explants (99.1±1.2%) compared to cells derived from small explants (93.2±13.6%, P = 0.024). The percentage of cells expressing ABCG2, integrin β1, p63, and p63α that are markers suggestive of an immature phenotype; Keratin 3, Connexin 43, and E-Cadherin that are markers of differentiation; and Ki67 and PCNA that indicate cell proliferation were equal in both groups. Desmosome and hemidesmosome densities were equal between the groups. Conclusion For donor- and culture conditions used in the present study, large explants are preferable to small in terms of outgrowth area. As regards limbal epithelial cell thickness, stratification, mechanical strength, and the attainment of a predominantly immature phenotype, both large and small explants are sufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. A. Utheim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - L. Pasovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - S. Raeder
- Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, Oslo, Norway
| | - J. R. Eidet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - I. G. Fostad
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - A. Sehic
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Maxillofacial surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - B. Roald
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - M. F. de la Paz
- Institut Universitari Barraquer, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T. Lyberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - D. A. Dartt
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - T. P. Utheim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Maxillofacial surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Soerlandet Hospital Arendal, Arendal, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
- National Centre for Optics, Vision and Eye Care, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of Southeast Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
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Wertheim BM, Lin YD, Zhang YY, Samokhin AO, Alba GA, Arons E, Yu PB, Maron BA. Isolating pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells ex vivo: Implications for pulmonary arterial hypertension, and a caution on the use of commercial biomaterials. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211909. [PMID: 30811450 PMCID: PMC6392245 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptomic analysis of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells from experimental models offers insight into pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) pathobiology. However, culturing may alter the molecular profile of endothelial cells prior to analysis, limiting the translational relevance of results. Here we present a novel and validated method for isolating RNA from pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) ex vivo that does not require cell culturing. Initially, presumed rat PMVECs were isolated from rat peripheral lung tissue using tissue dissociation and enzymatic digestion, and cells were cultured until confluence to assess endothelial marker expression. Anti-CD31, anti-von Willebrand Factor, and anti-α-smooth muscle actin immunocytochemistry/immunofluorescence signal was detected in presumed rat PMVECs, but also in non-endothelial cell type controls. By contrast, flow cytometry using an anti-CD31 antibody and isolectin 1-B4 (from Griffonia simplicifolia) was highly specific for rat PMVECs. We next developed a strategy in which the addition of an immunomagnetic selection step for CD31+ cells permitted culture-free isolation of rat PMVECs ex vivo for RNA isolation and transcriptomic analysis using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Heterogeneity in the validity and reproducibility of results using commercial antibodies against endothelial surface markers corresponded to a substantial burden on laboratory time, labor, and scientific budget. We demonstrate a novel protocol for the culture-free isolation and transcriptomic analysis of rat PMVECs with translational relevance to PAH. In doing so, we highlight wide variability in the quality of commonly used biological reagents, which emphasizes the importance of investigator-initiated validation of commercial biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley M. Wertheim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Yi-Dong Lin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ying-Yi Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Andriy O. Samokhin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - George A. Alba
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Elena Arons
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Paul B. Yu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Bradley A. Maron
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
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Stanco D, Caprara C, Ciardelli G, Mariotta L, Gola M, Minonzio G, Soldati G. Tenogenic differentiation protocol in xenogenic-free media enhances tendon-related marker expression in ASCs. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212192. [PMID: 30753235 PMCID: PMC6372228 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are multipotent and immune-privileged mesenchymal cells, making them ideal candidates for therapeutic purposes to manage tendon disorders. Providing safe and regulated cell therapy products to patients requires adherence to good manufacturing practices. To this aim we investigated the in vitro tenogenic differentiation potential of ASCs using a chemically defined serum-free medium (SF) or a xenogenic-free human pooled platelet lysate medium (hPL) suitable for cell therapy and both supplemented with CTGF, TGFβ-3, BMP-12 and ascorbic acid (AA) soluble factors. Human ASCs were isolated from 4 healthy donors and they were inducted to differentiate until 14 days in both hPL and SF tenogenic media (hPL-TENO and SF-TENO). Cell viability and immunophenotype profile were analysed to evaluate mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) characteristics in both xenogenic-free media. Moreover, the expression of stemness and tendon-related markers upon cell differentiation by RT-PCR, protein staining and cytofluorimetric analysis were also performed. Our results showed the two xenogenic-free media well support cell viability of ASCs and maintain their MSC nature as demonstrated by their typical immunophenototype profile and by the expression of NANOG, OCT4 and Ki67 genes. Moreover, both hPL-TENO and SF-TENO expressed significant high levels of the tendon-related genes SCX, COL1A1, COL3A1, COMP, MMP3 and MMP13 already at early time points in comparison to the respective controls. Significant up-regulations in scleraxis, collagen and tenomodulin proteins were also demonstrated at in both differentiated SF and hPL ASCs. In conclusion, we demonstrated firstly the feasibility of both serum and xenogenic-free media tested to culture ASCs moving forward the GMP-compliant approaches for clinical scale expansion of human MSCs needed for therapeutical application of stem cells. Moreover, a combination of CTGF, BMP-12, TGFβ3 and AA factors strongly and rapidly induce human ASCs to differentiate into tenocyte-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Stanco
- Swiss Stem Cell Foundation, Gentilino, Switzerland
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Gianluca Ciardelli
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Gola
- Swiss Stem Cell Foundation, Gentilino, Switzerland
| | | | - Gianni Soldati
- Swiss Stem Cell Foundation, Gentilino, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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26
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Yoon S, Kang K, Cho YD, Kim Y, Buisson EM, Yim JH, Lee SB, Ryu KY, Jeong J, Choi D. Nonintegrating Direct Conversion Using mRNA into Hepatocyte-Like Cells. Biomed Res Int 2018; 2018:8240567. [PMID: 30327781 PMCID: PMC6171260 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8240567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recently, several researchers have reported that direct reprogramming techniques can be used to differentiate fibroblasts into hepatocyte-like cells without a pluripotent intermediate step. However, the use of viral vectors for conversion continues to pose important challenges in terms of genome integration. Herein, we propose a new method of direct conversion without genome integration with potential clinical applications. To generate hepatocyte-like cells, mRNA coding for the hepatic transcription factors Foxa3 and HNF4α was transfected into mouse embryonic fibroblasts. After 10-12 days, the fibroblasts converted to an epithelial morphology and generated colonies of hepatocyte-like cells (R-iHeps). The generated R-iHeps expressed hepatocyte-specific marker genes and proteins, including albumin, alpha-fetoprotein, HNF4α, CK18, and CYP1A2. To evaluate hepatic function, indocyanine green uptake, periodic acid-Schiff staining, and albumin secretion were assessed. Furthermore, mCherry-positive R-iHeps were engrafted in the liver of Alb-TRECK/SCID mice, and we confirmed FAH enzyme expression in Fah1RTyrc/RJ models. In conclusion, our data suggest that the nonintegrating method using mRNA has potential for cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangtae Yoon
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyojin Kang
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-duck Cho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yohan Kim
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Elina Maria Buisson
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Yim
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Bum Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Young Ryu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemin Jeong
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongho Choi
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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Dharmarajan A, Floren M, Cox L, Ding Y, Johnson R, Tan W. Mechanochemical Effects on Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Dynamics in Stem Cell Differentiation. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1179-1189. [PMID: 29969368 PMCID: PMC6080114 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how key signaling molecules are coregulated by biochemical agents and physical stimuli during stem cell differentiation is critical but often lacking. Due to the important role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), this study has examined its temporal dynamics to determine the coregulation of mechanochemical cues on ERK phosphorylation for smooth muscle cell (SMC) differentiation. To assess ERK1/2 activity, a fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based biosensor was transfected into mesenchymal stem cells. The influences of nanopatterned substrates, growth factors, and drugs on ERK activities were related to their effects on SMC differentiation. Results revealed that nanopatterned substrates significantly increased ERK activity in cells, overriding ERK response from administered biochemical factors. The nanopatterned substrates reduced expression of SMC markers after a 48-h biochemical treatment, except for the combination with ERK inhibitor PD98059 treatment, which enhanced expression of mature SMC marker MYH11. Immunofluorescent staining for focal adhesion proteins, vinculin and zyxin, indicated no significant differences in vinculin cluster distribution or dimension, while the location of zyxin changed from adhesion sites of cell periphery on nonpatterned substrate to actin filaments on nanopatterned substrate. The zyxin-reinforced stress fibers likely enhanced the cytoskeletal tension to increase ERK dynamics. Collectively, results suggest that physical stimuli play a dominating role in initial ERK signaling and early-stage differentiation through focal adhesion changes, and the capability of monitoring signaling events in real time could be exploited to guide the engineering of cell microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Dharmarajan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Michael Floren
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Lewis Cox
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Yifu Ding
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Richard Johnson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
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Eichholz KF, Hoey DA. Mediating human stem cell behaviour via defined fibrous architectures by melt electrospinning writing. Acta Biomater 2018; 75:140-151. [PMID: 29857129 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The architecture within which cells reside is key to mediating their specific functions within the body. In this study, we use melt electrospinning writing (MEW) to fabricate cell micro-environments with various fibrous architectures to study their effect on human stem cell behaviour. We designed, built and optimised a MEW apparatus and used it to fabricate four different platform designs of 10.4 ± 2 μm fibre diameter, with angles between fibres on adjacent layers of 90°, 45°, 10° and R (random). Mechanical characterisation was conducted via tensile testing, and human skeletal stem cells (hSSCs) were seeded to scaffolds to study the effect of architecture on cell morphology and mechanosensing (nuclear YAP). Cell morphology was significantly altered between groups, with cells on 90° scaffolds having a lower aspect ratio, greater spreading, greater cytoskeletal tension and nuclear YAP expression. Long term cell culture studies were then conducted to determine the differentiation potential of scaffolds in terms of alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen and mineral production. Across these studies, an increased cell spreading in 3-dimensions is seen with decreasing alignment of architecture correlated with enhanced osteogenesis. This study therefore highlights the critical role of fibrous architecture in regulating stem cell behaviour with implications for tissue engineering and disease progression. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This is the first study which has investigated the effect of controlled fibrous architectures fabricated via melt electrospinning writing on stem cell behaviour and differentiation. After optimising the fabrication process and characterising scaffolds via SEM and mechanical testing, skeletal stem cells were seeded onto fibrous scaffolds with various micro-architectures. These architectures drove cell shape changes resulting in architecture dependent nuclear YAP localisation, suggesting altered mechanosensing at early time points. In agreement with these early markers, long term cell culture studies revealed for the first time that a 90° fibrous architecture is optimal for the osteogenic differentiation of skeletal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kian F Eichholz
- Dept. Mechanical, Aeronautical and Biomedical Engineering, Materials and Surface Science Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Dept. of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - David A Hoey
- Dept. Mechanical, Aeronautical and Biomedical Engineering, Materials and Surface Science Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Dept. of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre, Trinity College Dublin & RCSI, Ireland.
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Silantyeva EA, Nasir W, Carpenter J, Manahan O, Becker ML, Willits RK. Accelerated neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells on aligned GYIGSR-functionalized nanofibers. Acta Biomater 2018; 75:129-139. [PMID: 29879551 PMCID: PMC6774047 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Substrates for embryonic stem cell culture are typified by poorly defined xenogenic, whole proteins or cellular components that are difficult and expensive to generate, characterize, and recapitulate. Herein, the generation of well-defined scaffolds of Gly-Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg (GYIGSR) peptide-functionalized poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) aligned nanofibers are used to accelerate the neural lineage commitment and differentiation of D3 mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Gene expression trends and immunocytochemistry analysis were similar to laminin-coated glass, and indicated an earlier differentiation progression than D3 mESCs on laminin. Further, GYIGSR-functionalized nanofiber substrates yielded an increased gene expression of Sox1, a neural progenitor cell marker, and Tubb3, Cdh2, Syp, neuronal cell markers, at early time points. In addition, guidance of neurites was found to parallel the fiber direction. We demonstrate the fabrication of a well-defined, xeno-free functional nanofiber scaffold and demonstrates its use as a surrogate for xenogenic and complex matrixes currently used for the neural differentiation of stem cells ex vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In this paper, we report the use of GYIGSR-functionalized poly(ε-caprolactone) aligned nanofibers as a tool to accelerate the neural lineage commitment and differentiation of D3 mouse embryonic stem cells. The results indicate that functional nanofiber substrates promote faster differentiation than laminin coated substrates. The data suggest that aligned nanofibers and post-electrospinning surface modification with bioactive species can be combined to produce translationally relevant xeno-free substrates for stem cell therapy. Future development efforts are focused on additional bioactive species that are able to function as surrogates for other xenogenic factors found in differentiation media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Silantyeva
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, United States
| | - Wafaa Nasir
- Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, United States
| | | | - Olivia Manahan
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, United States
| | - Matthew L Becker
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, United States; Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, United States.
| | - Rebecca K Willits
- Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, United States
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Ahmad T, Shin HJ, Lee J, Shin YM, Perikamana SKM, Park SY, Jung HS, Shin H. Fabrication of in vitro 3D mineralized tissue by fusion of composite spheroids incorporating biomineral-coated nanofibers and human adipose-derived stem cells. Acta Biomater 2018; 74:464-477. [PMID: 29803004 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Development of a bone-like 3D microenvironment with stem cells has always been intriguing in bone tissue engineering. In this study, we fabricated composite spheroids by combining functionalized fibers and human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs), which were fused to form a 3D mineralized tissue construct. We prepared fragmented poly (ι-lactic acid) (PLLA) fibers approximately 100 μm long by partial aminolysis of electrospun fibrous mesh. PLLA fibers were then biomineralized with various concentrations of NaHCO3 (0.005, 0.01, and 0.04 M) to form mineralized fragmented fibers (mFF1, mFF2, and mFF3, respectively). SEM analysis showed that the minerals in mFF2 and mFF3 completely covered the fiber surface, and surface chemistry analysis confirmed the presence of hydroxyapatite peaks. Additionally, mFFs formed composite spheroids with hADSCs, demonstrating that the cells were strongly attached to mFFs and homogeneously distributed throughout the spheroid. In vitro culture of spheroids in the media without osteogenic supplements showed significantly enhanced expression of osteogenic genes including Runx2 (20.83 ± 2.83 and 22.36 ± 2.18 fold increase), OPN (14.24 ± 1.71 and 15.076 ± 1.38 fold increase), and OCN (4.36 ± 0.41 and 5.63 ± 0.51 fold increase) in mFF2 and mFF3, respectively, compared to the no mineral fiber group. In addition, mineral contents were significantly increased at day 7. Blocking the biomineral-mediated signaling by PSB 603 significantly down regulated the expression of these genes in mFF3 at day 7. Finally, we fused composite spheroids to form a mineralized 3D tissue construct, which maintained the viability of cells and showed pervasively distributed minerals within the structure. Our composite spheroids could be used as an alternative platform for the development of in vitro bone models, in vivo cell carriers, and as building blocks for bioprinting 3D bone tissue. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This manuscript described our recent work for the preparation of biomimeral-coated fibers that can be assembled with mesenchymal stem cells and provide bone-like environment for directed control over osteogenic differentiation. Biomineral coating onto synthetic, biodegradable single fibers was successfully carried out using multiple steps, combination of template protein coating inspired from mussel adhesion and charge-charge interactions between template proteins and mineral ions. The biomineral-coated single micro-scale fibers (1-2.5 μm in diameter) were then assembled with human adipose tissue derived stem cells (hADSCs). The assembled structure exhibited spheroidal architecture with few hundred micrometers. hADSCs within the spheroids were differentiated into osteogenic lineage in vitro and mineralized in the growth media. These spheroids were fused to form in vitro 3D mineralized tissue with larger size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taufiq Ahmad
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeok Jun Shin
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyu Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Shin
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajeesh Kumar Madhurakat Perikamana
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Heungsoo Shin
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Rahimi M, Zarnani AH, Mobini S, Khorasani S, Darzi M, Kazemnejad S. Comparative effectiveness of three-dimensional scaffold, differentiation media and co-culture with native cardiomyocytes to trigger in vitro cardiogenic differentiation of menstrual blood and bone marrow stem cells. Biologicals 2018; 54:13-21. [PMID: 29884574 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to find effectiveness of 3D silk fibroin scaffold in comparison with co-culturing in presence of native cardiomyocytes on cardiac differentiation propensity of menstural blood(MenSCs)-versus bone marrow-derived stem-cells (BMSCs). We showed that both 3D fibroin scaffold and co-culture system supported efficient cardiomyogenic differentiation of MenSCs and BMSCs, as judged by the expression of cardiac-specific genes and proteins, Connexin-43, Connexin-40, alpha Actinin (ACTN-2), Tropomyosin1 (TPM1) and Cardiac Troponin T (TNNT2). No significant difference (except for higher expression of ACTN-2 in co-cultured MenSCs) was found between differentiation potential of the cells cultured in 3D fibroin scaffold and co-culture system. Collectively, our results imply that inductive signals served by biological factors of native cardiomyocytes to trigger cardiogenic differentiation of stem-cells may be efficiently provided by natural and biocompatible 3D fibroin scaffold suggesting the usefulness of this construct for cardiac tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rahimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran; Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir-Hassan Zarnani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sahba Mobini
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaieh Khorasani
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Darzi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaieh Kazemnejad
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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32
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Riddy DM, Goy E, Delerive P, Summers RJ, Sexton PM, Langmead CJ. Comparative genotypic and phenotypic analysis of human peripheral blood monocytes and surrogate monocyte-like cell lines commonly used in metabolic disease research. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197177. [PMID: 29746559 PMCID: PMC5944989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocyte-like cell lines (MCLCs), including THP-1, HL-60 and U-937 cells, are used routinely as surrogates for isolated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). To systematically evaluate these immortalised cells and PBMCs as model systems to study inflammation relevant to the pathogenesis of type II diabetes and immuno-metabolism, we compared mRNA expression of inflammation-relevant genes, cell surface expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, and chemotactic responses to inflammatory stimuli. Messenger RNA expression analysis suggested most genes were present at similar levels across all undifferentiated cells, though notably, IDO1, which encodes for indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and catabolises tryptophan to kynureninase (shown to be elevated in serum from diabetic patients), was not expressed in any PMA-treated MCLC, but present in GM-CSF-treated PBMCs. There was little overall difference in the pattern of expression of CD markers across all cells, though absolute expression levels varied considerably and the correlation between MCLCs and PBMCs was improved upon MCLC differentiation. Functionally, THP-1 and PBMCs migrated in response to chemoattractants in a transwell assay, with varying sensitivity to MCP-1, MIP-1α and LTB-4. However, despite similar gene and CD expression profiles, U-937 cells were functionally impaired as no migration was observed to any chemoattractant. Our analysis reveals that the MCLCs examined only partly replicate the genotypic and phenotypic properties of human PBMCs. To overcome such issues a universal differentiation protocol should be implemented for these cell lines, similar to those already used with isolated monocytes. Although not perfect, in our hands the THP-1 cells represent the closest, simplified surrogate model of PBMCs for study of inflammatory cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren M. Riddy
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emily Goy
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philippe Delerive
- Institut de Recherches Servier, Pôle d’Innovation Thérapeutique Métabolisme, Suresnes, France (PD)
| | - Roger J. Summers
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick M. Sexton
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher J. Langmead
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Jorgensen BG, Berent RM, Ha SE, Horiguchi K, Sasse KC, Becker LS, Ro S. DNA methylation, through DNMT1, has an essential role in the development of gastrointestinal smooth muscle cells and disease. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:474. [PMID: 29700293 PMCID: PMC5920081 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0495-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is a key epigenetic modification that can regulate gene expression. Genomic DNA hypomethylation is commonly found in many gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Dysregulated gene expression in GI smooth muscle cells (GI-SMCs) can lead to motility disorders. However, the consequences of genomic DNA hypomethylation within GI-SMCs are still elusive. Utilizing a Cre-lox murine model, we have generated SMC-restricted DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) knockout (KO) mice and analyzed the effects of Dnmt1 deficiency. Dnmt1-KO pups are born smaller than their wild-type littermates, have shortened GI tracts, and lose peristaltic movement due to loss of the tunica muscularis in their intestine, causing massive intestinal dilation, and death around postnatal day 21. Within smooth muscle tissue, significant CpG hypomethylation occurs across the genome at promoters, introns, and exons. Additionally, there is a marked loss of differentiated SMC markers (Srf, Myh11, miR-133, miR-143/145), an increase in pro-apoptotic markers (Nr4a1, Gadd45g), loss of cellular connectivity, and an accumulation of coated vesicles within SMC. Interestingly, we observed consistent abnormal expression patterns of enzymes involved in DNA methylation between both Dnmt1-KO mice and diseased human GI tissue. These data demonstrate that DNA hypomethylation in embryonic SMC, via congenital Dnmt1 deficiency, contributes to massive dysregulation of gene expression and is lethal to GI-SMC. These results suggest that Dnmt1 has a necessary role in the embryonic, primary development process of SMC with consistent patterns being found in human GI diseased tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian G Jorgensen
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Robyn M Berent
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Se Eun Ha
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Kazuhide Horiguchi
- Department of Morphological and Physiological Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
| | | | - Laren S Becker
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Seungil Ro
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
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Nachlas ALY, Li S, Jha R, Singh M, Xu C, Davis ME. Human iPSC-derived mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated in PEGDA hydrogels mature into valve interstitial-like cells. Acta Biomater 2018; 71:235-246. [PMID: 29505894 PMCID: PMC5907941 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in tissue engineered heart valves (TEHV), a major challenge is identifying a cell source for seeding TEHV scaffolds. Native heart valves are durable because valve interstitial cells (VICs) maintain tissue homeostasis by synthesizing and remodeling the extracellular matrix. This study demonstrates that induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) can be derived from iPSCs using a feeder-free protocol and then further matured into VICs by encapsulation within 3D hydrogels. The differentiation efficiency was characterized using flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry staining, and trilineage differentiation. Using our feeder-free differentiation protocol, iMSCs were differentiated from iPSCs and had CD90+, CD44+, CD71+, αSMA+, and CD45- expression. Furthermore, iMSCs underwent trilineage differentiation when cultured in induction media for 21 days. iMSCs were then encapsulated in poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels grafted with adhesion peptide (RGDS) to promote remodeling and further maturation into VIC-like cells. VIC phenotype was assessed by the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA), vimentin, and collagen production after 28 days. When MSC-derived cells were encapsulated in PEGDA hydrogels that mimic the leaflet modulus, a decrease in αSMA expression and increase in vimentin was observed. In addition, iMSCs synthesized collagen type I after 28 days in 3D hydrogel culture. Thus, the results from this study suggest that iMSCs may be a promising cell source for TEHV. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Developing a suitable cell source is a critical component for the success and durability of tissue engineered heart valves. The significance of this study is the generation of iPSCs-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) that have the capacity to mature into valve interstitial-like cells when introduced into a 3D cell culture designed to mimic the layers of the valve leaflet. iMSCs were generated using a feeder-free protocol, which is one major advantage over other methods, as it is more clinically relevant. In addition to generating a potential new cell source for heart valve tissue engineering, this study also highlights the importance of a 3D culture environment to influence cell phenotype and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline L Y Nachlas
- Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Siyi Li
- Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rajneesh Jha
- Children's Heart Research & Outcomes (HeRO) Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Monalisa Singh
- Children's Heart Research & Outcomes (HeRO) Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Chunhui Xu
- Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Children's Heart Research & Outcomes (HeRO) Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Michael E Davis
- Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Children's Heart Research & Outcomes (HeRO) Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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El Ayachi I, Zhang J, Zou XY, Li D, Yu Z, Wei W, O’Connell KM, Huang GTJ. Human dental stem cell derived transgene-free iPSCs generate functional neurons via embryoid body-mediated and direct induction methods. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:e1836-e1851. [PMID: 29139614 PMCID: PMC6482049 DOI: 10.1002/term.2615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) give rise to neural stem/progenitor cells, serving as a good source for neural regeneration. Here, we established transgene-free (TF) iPSCs from dental stem cells (DSCs) and determined their capacity to differentiate into functional neurons in vitro. Generated TF iPSCs from stem cells of apical papilla and dental pulp stem cells underwent two methods-embryoid body-mediated and direct induction, to guide TF-DSC iPSCs along with H9 or H9 Syn-GFP (human embryonic stem cells) into functional neurons in vitro. Using the embryoid body-mediated method, early stage neural markers PAX6, SOX1, and nestin were detected by immunocytofluorescence or reverse transcription-real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). At late stage of neural induction measured at Weeks 7 and 9, the expression levels of neuron-specific markers Nav1.6, Kv1.4, Kv4.2, synapsin, SNAP25, PSD95, GAD67, GAP43, and NSE varied between stem cells of apical papilla iPSCs and H9. For direct induction method, iPSCs were directly induced into neural stem/progenitor cells and guided to become neuron-like cells. The direct method, while simpler, showed cell detachment and death during the differentiation process. At early stage, PAX6, SOX1 and nestin were detected. At late stage of differentiation, all five genes tested, nestin, βIII-tubulin, neurofilament medium chain, GFAP, and Nav, were positive in many cells in cultures. Both differentiation methods led to neuron-like cells in cultures exhibiting sodium and potassium currents, action potential, or spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic potential. Thus, TF-DSC iPSCs are capable of undergoing guided neurogenic differentiation into functional neurons in vitro, thereby may serve as a cell source for neural regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikbale El Ayachi
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Xiao-Ying Zou
- Department of Endodontics, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Zongdong Yu
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Kristen M.S. O’Connell
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - George T.-J. Huang
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Endodontics, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Huang H, Wang Q, Du T, Lin C, Lai Y, Zhu D, Wu W, Ma X, Bai S, Li Z, Liu L, Li Q. Matrine inhibits the progression of prostate cancer by promoting expression of GADD45B. Prostate 2018; 78:327-335. [PMID: 29356020 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrine is a naturally occurring alkaloid extracted from the Chinese herb Sophora flavescens. It has been demonstrated to exhibit antiproliferative properties, promote apoptosis, and inhibit cell invasion in a number of cancer cell lines by modulating the NF-κB pathway to downregulate the expression of MMP2 and MM9. It has also been shown to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy when it is combined with other chemotherapy drugs. However, the therapeutic potential of matrine for prostate cancer needs to be further studied. METHODS We analyzed KEGG pathways of differential gene expression between matrine-treated and untreated prostate cancer cell lines and identified GADD45B as one of major target genes of matrine based on its role in apoptosis and prognosis value for prostate cancer patients in TCGA database. We further analyzed the expression of GADD45B protein in a tissue microarray and mRNA in TCGA database, and tested the synergistic impacts of matrine and GADD45B overexpression on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of prostate cancer cell DU145. RESULTS Matrine promoted the expression of GADD45B, a tumor suppressive gene that is involved in the regulation of cell cycle, DNA damage repair, cell survival, aging, apoptosis and other cellular processes through p38/JNK, ROS-GADD45B-p38, or other signal pathways. Although GADD45B is elevated in prostate cancer tissues, levels of GADD45B in prostate tumor tissues are reduced at late stage of tumor invasion, and higher levels of GADD45B predict better survivals of prostate cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS Matrine may be used to treat prostate cancer patients to increase the levels of GADD45B to inhibit tumor invasion and improve patient survivals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhao Lin
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiming Lai
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingjun Zhu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanhua Wu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Ma
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Soumin Bai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zean Li
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Leyuan Liu
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Diomede F, D'Aurora M, Gugliandolo A, Merciaro I, Orsini T, Gatta V, Piattelli A, Trubiani O, Mazzon E. Biofunctionalized Scaffold in Bone Tissue Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1022. [PMID: 29596323 PMCID: PMC5979468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering is based on bone grafting to repair bone defects. Bone graft substitutes can contribute to the addition of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in order to enhance the rate and the quality of defect regeneration. The stem cell secretome contains many growth factors and chemokines, which could affect cellular characteristics and behavior. Conditioned medium (CM) could be used in tissue regeneration avoiding several problems linked to the direct use of MSCs. In this study, we investigated the effect of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and their CM on bone regeneration using a commercially available membrane scaffold Evolution (EVO) implanted in rat calvarias. EVO alone or EVO + hPDLSCs with or without CM were implanted in Wistar male rats subjected to calvarial defects. The in vivo results revealed that EVO membrane enriched with hPDLSCs and CM showed a better osteogenic ability to repair the calvarial defect. These results were confirmed by acquired micro-computed tomography (CT) images and the increased osteopontin levels. Moreover, RT-PCR in vitro revealed the upregulation of three genes (Collagen (COL)5A1, COL16A1 and transforming growth factor (TGF)β1) and the down regulation of 26 genes involved in bone regeneration. These results suggest a promising potential application of CM from hPDLSCs and scaffolds for bone defect restoration and in particular for calvarial repair in case of trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Diomede
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Marco D'Aurora
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | | | - Ilaria Merciaro
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Orsini
- CNR-National Research Council, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), via Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Roma, Italy.
| | - Valentina Gatta
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", 98124 Messina, Italy.
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Wu S, Han N, Zheng Y, Hu C, Lei Y. The role of Snf5 in the osteogenic differentiation potential during replicative senescence of rat mesenchymal stromal cells. Mech Ageing Dev 2018; 171:1-6. [PMID: 29398003 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The osteogenic capacities of bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs) diminish during replicative senescence, and these changes affect the success of therapeutic application of BMSCs. In this study, we sought to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the osteogenic differentiation capacities that occur during replicative senescence. It is well known that Oct4 is a key transcription factor essential for maintaining differentiation capacities of the stem cells. In this study, we found that BMSCs at passage 6 (replicative senescent BMSCs) showed marked decreases in the osteogenic differentiation potential and the level of Oct4. These were accompanied by reduced levels of Snf5 and histone H3 lysine-4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) in the Oct4 promoter. In BMSCs at passage 2, knockdown of Snf5 diminished expression of Oct4 and disrupted the up-regulation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) after osteogenic differentiation induction, which was accompanied by a reduction in Snf5 and H3K4me3 binding to the Oct4 promoter. These findings indicate that the decreased level of Snf5 binding to the promoter region of the Oct4 gene down-regulated the expression of Oct4, which may be the mechanism underlying the decline in osteogenic capacities in replicative senescent BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangrong Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Nana Han
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Yong Zheng
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
| | - Chengjun Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Yueshan Lei
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
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Ventura Ferreira MS, Bienert M, Müller K, Rath B, Goecke T, Opländer C, Braunschweig T, Mela P, Brümmendorf TH, Beier F, Neuss S. Comprehensive characterization of chorionic villi-derived mesenchymal stromal cells from human placenta. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:28. [PMID: 29402304 PMCID: PMC5800083 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0757-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies in which mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) from the placenta are compared with multiple MSC types from other sources are rare. The chorionic plate of the human placenta is mainly composed of fetal blood vessels embedded in fetal stroma tissue, lined by trophoblastic cells and organized into chorionic villi (CV) structures. METHODS We comprehensively characterized human MSC collected from postnatal human chorionic villi of placenta (CV-MSC) by analyzing their growth and proliferation potential, differentiation, immunophenotype, extracellular matrix production, telomere length, aging phenotype, and plasticity. RESULTS Immunophenotypic characterization of CV-MSC confirmed the typical MSC marker expression as defined by the International Society for Cellular Therapy. The surface marker profile was consistent with increased potential for proliferation, vascular localization, and early myogenic marker expression. CV-MSC retained multilineage differentiation potential and extracellular matrix remodeling properties. They have undergone reduced telomere loss and delayed onset of cellular senescence as they aged in vitro compared to three other MSC sources. We present evidence that increased human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene expression could not explain the exceptional telomere maintenance and senescence onset delay in cultured CV-MSC. Our in-vitro tumorigenesis detection assay suggests that CV-MSC are not prone to undergo malignant transformation during long-term in-vitro culture. Besides SOX2 expression, no other pluripotency features were observed in early and late passages of CV-MSC. CONCLUSIONS Our work brings forward two remarkable characteristics of CV-MSC, the first being their extended life span as a result of delayed replicative senescence and the second being a delayed aged phenotype characterized by improved telomere length maintenance. MSC from human placenta are very attractive candidates for stem cell-based therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica S. Ventura Ferreira
- 0000 0001 0728 696Xgrid.1957.aInstitute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- 0000 0001 0728 696Xgrid.1957.aDepartment of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michaela Bienert
- 0000 0001 0728 696Xgrid.1957.aInstitute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- 0000 0001 0728 696Xgrid.1957.aHelmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Biointerface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katrin Müller
- 0000 0001 0728 696Xgrid.1957.aInstitute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Björn Rath
- 0000 0001 0728 696Xgrid.1957.aDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tamme Goecke
- 0000 0001 0728 696Xgrid.1957.aDepartment for Gynecology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Opländer
- 0000 0000 9024 6397grid.412581.bDepartment of Translational Wound Research, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Till Braunschweig
- 0000 0001 0728 696Xgrid.1957.aInstitute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Petra Mela
- 0000 0001 0728 696Xgrid.1957.aDepartment of Tissue Engineering and Textile Implants, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim H. Brümmendorf
- 0000 0001 0728 696Xgrid.1957.aDepartment of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Beier
- 0000 0001 0728 696Xgrid.1957.aDepartment of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sabine Neuss
- 0000 0001 0728 696Xgrid.1957.aInstitute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- 0000 0001 0728 696Xgrid.1957.aHelmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Biointerface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Abu-Bonsrah KD, Zhang D, Bjorksten AR, Dottori M, Newgreen DF. Generation of Adrenal Chromaffin-like Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 10:134-150. [PMID: 29233551 PMCID: PMC5768882 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenomedullary chromaffin cells are catecholamine (CA)-producing cells originating from trunk neural crest (NC) via sympathoadrenal progenitors (SAPs). We generated NC and SAPs from human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in vitro via BMP2/FGF2 exposure, ascertained by qPCR and immunoexpression of SOX10, ASCL1, TFAP2α, and PHOX2B, and by fluorescence-activated cell sorting selection for p75NTR and GD2, and confirmed their trunk-like HOX gene expression. We showed that continuing BMP4 and curtailing FGF2 in vitro, augmented with corticosteroid mimetic, induced these cells to upregulate the chromaffin cell-specific marker PNMT and other CA synthesis and storage markers, and we demonstrated noradrenaline and adrenaline by Faglu and high-performance liquid chromatography. We showed these human cells' SAP-like property of migration and differentiation into cells expressing chromaffin cell markers by implanting them into avian embryos in vivo and in chorio-allantoic membrane grafts. These cells have the potential for investigating differentiation of human chromaffin cells and for modeling diseases involving this cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwaku Dad Abu-Bonsrah
- The Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, 3052 VIC, Australia; Centre for Neural Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 VIC, Australia
| | - Dongcheng Zhang
- The Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, 3052 VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew R Bjorksten
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, The Royal Melbourne Hospital Grattan Street, Parkville, 3052 VIC, Australia
| | - Mirella Dottori
- Centre for Neural Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 VIC, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 VIC, Australia
| | - Donald F Newgreen
- The Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, 3052 VIC, Australia.
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Pandey M, Kapila R, Kapila S. Osteoanabolic activity of whey-derived anti-oxidative (MHIRL and YVEEL) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory (YLLF, ALPMHIR, IPA and WLAHK) bioactive peptides. Peptides 2018; 99:1-7. [PMID: 29122669 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Exploring bone rebuilding anabolic agents has been gaining much attention due to their potential therapeutic effects in treating several bone disorders including osteoporosis. Whey protein has been reported to affect bone health osteoanabolically, in terms of proliferation and differentiation of primary osteoblast cells. This study investigates whether whey derived anti-oxidative (AO) (P1- MHIRL, P2- YVEEL) and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory (ACE inhibitory) (P3- YLLF, P4-ALPMHIR, P5-IPA, P6- WLAHK) bioactive peptides affect the proliferation and differentiation of primary osteoblast cells isolated from rat calvaria. The proliferation and osteogenic activity of osteoblast cells in presence of these peptides were determined by MTT assay, DNA quantification study, Alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and ALP staining, Alizarin red activity and staining, and secretory osteocalcin measurement. The expression of osteogenesis-related genes (COLI-α, ALP, OCN and RUNX2) were determined by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) analysis over a period of 21days. The peptide treated osteoblasts showed a significant increase in viable cell density and proliferation in the order of P2>P6>P3 at optimised concentration. Furthermore, the osteoblastic differentiation markers in response to these peptides were found to be significantly up regulated in the order of P2>P6>P3 when compared to the controls. These results demonstrated that bioactive whey-derived AO and ACE inhibitory peptides can play a potential therapeutic role in osteoporosis by activating osteoblasts anabolically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masum Pandey
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Rajeev Kapila
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Suman Kapila
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India.
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Olvera D, Sathy BN, Carroll SF, Kelly DJ. Modulating microfibrillar alignment and growth factor stimulation to regulate mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. Acta Biomater 2017; 64:148-160. [PMID: 29017973 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ideal tissue engineering (TE) strategy for ligament regeneration should recapitulate the bone - calcified cartilage - fibrocartilage - soft tissue interface. Aligned electrospun-fibers have been shown to guide the deposition of a highly organized extracellular matrix (ECM) necessary for ligament TE. However, recapitulating the different tissues observed in the bone-ligament interface using such constructs remains a challenge. This study aimed to explore how fiber alignment and growth factor stimulation interact to regulate the chondrogenic and ligamentous differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). To this end aligned and randomly-aligned electrospun microfibrillar scaffolds were seeded with bone marrow derived MSCs and stimulated with transforming growth factor β3 (TGFβ3) or connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), either individually or sequentially. Without growth factor stimulation, MSCs on aligned-microfibers showed higher levels of tenomodulin (TNMD) and aggrecan gene expression compared to MSCs on randomly-oriented fibers. MSCs on aligned-microfibers stimulated with TGFβ3 formed cellular aggregates and underwent robust chondrogenesis, evidenced by increased type II collagen expression and sulphated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) synthesis compared to MSCs on randomly-oriented scaffolds. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and type I collagen gene expression were higher on randomly-oriented scaffolds stimulated with TGFβ3, suggesting this substrate was more supportive of an endochondral phenotype. In the presence of CTGF, MSCs underwent ligamentous differentiation, with increased TNMD expression on aligned compared to randomly aligned scaffolds. Upon sequential growth factor stimulation, MSCs expressed types I and II collagen and deposited higher overall levels of collagen compared to scaffolds stimulated with either growth factor in isolation. These findings demonstrate that modulating the alignment of microfibrillar scaffolds can be used to promote either an endochondral, chondrogenic, fibrochondrogenic or ligamentous MSC phenotype upon presentation of appropriate biochemical cues. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Polymeric electrospun fibers can be tuned to match the fibrillar size and anisotropy of collagen fibers in ligaments, and can be mechanically competent. Therefore, their use is attractive when attempting to tissue engineer the bone-ligament interface. A central challenge in this field is recapitulating the cellular phenotypes observed across the bone-ligament interface. Here we demonstrated that it is possible to direct MSCs seeded onto aligned electrospun fibres towards either a ligamentogenic, chondrogenic or fibrochondrogenic phenotype upon presentation of appropriate biochemical cues. This opens the possibility of using aligned microfibrillar scaffolds that are spatially functionalized with specific growth factors to direct MSC differentiation for engineering the bone-ligament interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinorath Olvera
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Binulal N Sathy
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Simon F Carroll
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Daniel J Kelly
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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Mendivil-Perez M, Soto-Mercado V, Guerra-Librero A, Fernandez-Gil BI, Florido J, Shen YQ, Tejada MA, Capilla-Gonzalez V, Rusanova I, Garcia-Verdugo JM, Acuña-Castroviejo D, López LC, Velez-Pardo C, Jimenez-Del-Rio M, Ferrer JM, Escames G. Melatonin enhances neural stem cell differentiation and engraftment by increasing mitochondrial function. J Pineal Res 2017; 63. [PMID: 28423196 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are regarded as a promising therapeutic approach to protecting and restoring damaged neurons in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease (PD and AD, respectively). However, new research suggests that NSC differentiation is required to make this strategy effective. Several studies have demonstrated that melatonin increases mature neuronal markers, which reflects NSC differentiation into neurons. Nevertheless, the possible involvement of mitochondria in the effects of melatonin during NSC differentiation has not yet been fully established. We therefore tested the impact of melatonin on NSC proliferation and differentiation in an attempt to determine whether these actions depend on modulating mitochondrial activity. We measured proliferation and differentiation markers, mitochondrial structural and functional parameters as well as oxidative stress indicators and also evaluated cell transplant engraftment. This enabled us to show that melatonin (25 μM) induces NSC differentiation into oligodendrocytes and neurons. These effects depend on increased mitochondrial mass/DNA/complexes, mitochondrial respiration, and membrane potential as well as ATP synthesis in NSCs. It is also interesting to note that melatonin prevented oxidative stress caused by high levels of mitochondrial activity. Finally, we found that melatonin enriches NSC engraftment in the ND mouse model following transplantation. We concluded that a combined therapy involving transplantation of NSCs pretreated with pharmacological doses of melatonin could efficiently restore neuronal cell populations in PD and AD mouse models depending on mitochondrial activity promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Mendivil-Perez
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Viviana Soto-Mercado
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Ana Guerra-Librero
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz I Fernandez-Gil
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Florido
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ying-Qiang Shen
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel A Tejada
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Vivian Capilla-Gonzalez
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Seville, Spain
| | - Iryna Rusanova
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José M Garcia-Verdugo
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Darío Acuña-Castroviejo
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBERFES, Biosanitary Research Institute, Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Luis Carlos López
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBERFES, Biosanitary Research Institute, Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos Velez-Pardo
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | | | - José M Ferrer
- CIBERFES, Biosanitary Research Institute, Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Germaine Escames
- Medical Research Institute, Health Sciences Technology Park, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBERFES, Biosanitary Research Institute, Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Mebarki M, Coquelin L, Layrolle P, Battaglia S, Tossou M, Hernigou P, Rouard H, Chevallier N. Enhanced human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell adhesion on scaffolds promotes cell survival and bone formation. Acta Biomater 2017. [PMID: 28636926 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In order to induce an efficient bone formation with human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSC) associated to a scaffold, it is crucial to determine the key points of the hBMSC action after in vivo transplantation as well as the appropriate features of a scaffold. To this aim we compared the hBMSC behavior when grafted onto two biomaterials allowing different bone potential in vivo. The cancellous devitalized Tutoplast®-processed bone (TPB) and the synthetic hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium-phosphate (HA/βTCP) which give at 6weeks 100% and 50% of bone formation respectively. We first showed that hBMSC adhesion is two times favored on TPB in vitro and in vivo compared to HA/βTCP. Biomaterial structure analysis indicated that the better cell adhesion on TPB is associated to its higher and smooth open pore architecture as well as its content in collagen. Our 6week time course analysis, showed using qPCR that only adherent cells are able to survive in vivo giving thus an advantage in term of cell number on TPB during the first 4weeks after graft. We then showed that grafted hBMSC survival is crucial as cells participate directly to bone formation and play a paracrine action via the secretion of hIGF1 and hRANKL which are known to regulate the bone formation and resorption pathways respectively. Altogether our results point out the importance of developing a smooth and open pore scaffold to optimize hBMSC adhesion and ensure cell survival in vivo as it is a prerequisite to potentiate their direct and paracrine functions. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Around 10% of skeletal fractures do not heal correctly causing nonunion. An approach involving mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) associated with biomaterials emerges as an innovative strategy for bone repair. The diversity of scaffolds is a source of heterogeneity for bone formation efficiency. In order to better determine the characteristics of a powerful scaffold it is crucial to understand their relationship with cells after graft. Our results highlight that a biomaterial architecture similar to cancellous bone is important to promote MSC adhesion and ensure cell survival in vivo. Additionally, we demonstrated that the grafted MSC play a direct role coupled to a paracrine effect to enhance bone formation and that both of those roles are governed by the used scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miryam Mebarki
- IMRB U955-E10, INSERM, Creteil, France; Faculty of Medicine, Paris Est University, Creteil, France; Engineering and Cellular Therapy Unit, Etablissement Français du Sang, Créteil, France
| | - Laura Coquelin
- IMRB U955-E10, INSERM, Creteil, France; Faculty of Medicine, Paris Est University, Creteil, France; Engineering and Cellular Therapy Unit, Etablissement Français du Sang, Créteil, France
| | - Pierre Layrolle
- INSERM U957, Lab. Pathophysiology of Bone Resorption, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Battaglia
- INSERM U957, Lab. Pathophysiology of Bone Resorption, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Marine Tossou
- IMRB U955-E10, INSERM, Creteil, France; Faculty of Medicine, Paris Est University, Creteil, France; Engineering and Cellular Therapy Unit, Etablissement Français du Sang, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Hernigou
- IMRB U955-E10, INSERM, Creteil, France; Faculty of Medicine, Paris Est University, Creteil, France; Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Henri-Mondor AP-HP Hospital, Creteil, France
| | - Hélène Rouard
- IMRB U955-E10, INSERM, Creteil, France; Faculty of Medicine, Paris Est University, Creteil, France; Engineering and Cellular Therapy Unit, Etablissement Français du Sang, Créteil, France
| | - Nathalie Chevallier
- IMRB U955-E10, INSERM, Creteil, France; Faculty of Medicine, Paris Est University, Creteil, France; Engineering and Cellular Therapy Unit, Etablissement Français du Sang, Créteil, France.
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Chen H, Huang X, Zhang M, Damanik F, Baker MB, Leferink A, Yuan H, Truckenmüller R, van Blitterswijk C, Moroni L. Tailoring surface nanoroughness of electrospun scaffolds for skeletal tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2017; 59:82-93. [PMID: 28690010 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Electrospun scaffolds provide a promising approach for tissue engineering as they mimic the physical properties of extracellular matrix. Previous studies have demonstrated that electrospun scaffolds with porous features on the surface of single fibers, enhanced cellular attachment and proliferation. Yet, little is known about the effect of such topographical cues on cellular differentiation. Here, we aimed at investigating the influence of surface roughness of electrospun scaffolds on skeletal differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis showed that the surface nanoroughness of fibers was successfully regulated via humidity control of the electrospinning environment. Gene expression analysis revealed that a higher surface roughness (roughness average (Ra)=71.0±11.0nm) supported more induction of osteogenic genes such as osteopontin (OPN), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), while a lower surface roughness (Ra=14.3±2.5nm) demonstrated higher expression of other osteogenic genes including bone sialoprotein (BSP), collagen type I (COL1A1) and osteocalcin (OCN). Interestingly, a lower surface roughness (Ra=14.3±2.5nm) better supported chondrogenic gene expression of hMSCs at day 7 compared to higher surface roughness (Ra=71.0±11.0nm). Taken together, modulating surface roughness of 3D scaffolds appears to be a significant factor in scaffold design for the control of skeletal differentiation of hMSCs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Tissue engineering scaffolds having specific topographical cues offer exciting possibilities for stimulating cells differentiation and growth of new tissue. Although electrospun scaffolds have been extensively investigated in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, little is known about the influence of introducing nanoroughness on their surface for cellular differentiation. The present study provides a method to engineer electrospun scaffolds with tailoring surface nanoroughness and investigates the effect of such topographical cues on the process of human mesenchymal stromal cells differentiation into osteoblasts and chondrocytes linages. This strategy may help the design of nanostructured scaffolds for skeletal tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Chen
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaobin Huang
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Minmin Zhang
- MESA+ Research Institute, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Febriyani Damanik
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew B Baker
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Leferink
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Huipin Yuan
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Roman Truckenmüller
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens van Blitterswijk
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Yang DH, Yoon SJ, Lee DW. Preparation and Evaluation of Dexamethasone (DEX)/Growth and Differentiation Factor-5 (GDF-5) Surface-Modified Titanium Using β-Cyclodextrin-Conjugated Heparin (CD-Hep) for Enhanced Osteogenic Activity In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081695. [PMID: 28771196 PMCID: PMC5578085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The most ideal implant models in the dental and orthopedic fields to minimize the failure rate of implantation involve the improvement of osseointegration with host bone. Therefore, a focus of this study is the preparation of surface-modified titanium (Ti) samples of disc and screw types using dexamethasone (DEX) and/or growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5), as well as the evaluation of their efficacies on bone formation in vitro and in vivo. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle measurement were used to evaluate the surface chemical composition, surface morphology and wettability, respectively. The results showed that implant surfaces were successfully modified with DEX and/or GDF-5, and had rough surfaces along with hydrophilicity. DEX, GDF-5 or DEX/GDF-5 on the surface-modified samples were rapidly released within one day and released for 28 days in a sustained manner. The proliferation and bone formation of MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on pristine and surface-modified implants in vitro were examined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, as well as the measurements of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition, respectively. MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on DEX/GDF-5–Ti showed noticeable ALP activity and calcium deposition in vitro. Active bone formation and strong osseointegration occurred at the interface between DEX/GDF-5–Ti and host bone, as evaluated by micro computed-tomography (micro CT) analysis. Surface modification using DEX/GDF-5 could be a good method for advanced implants for orthopaedic and dental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Hyeok Yang
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Sun-Jung Yoon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea.
| | - Deok-Won Lee
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 05278, Korea.
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Lee M, Arikawa K, Nagahama F. Micromolar Levels of Sodium Fluoride Promote Osteoblast Differentiation Through Runx2 Signaling. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 178:283-291. [PMID: 28083749 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-0930-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone remodeling is a vital physiological process of healthy bone tissue in humans. Imbalances in this vital process lead to pathological conditions, including periodontal diseases. In this study, we characterized the effects of micromolar levels of NaF on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. NaF significantly enhanced the proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that the expression of mRNAs encoding runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Osterix, Osteopontin and Osteocalcin was up-regulated in NaF-treated MC3T3-E1 cells compared with untreated controls. Western blot analysis demonstrated that Runx2 and Osterix were inhibited by Runx2 siRNA but were re-activated by treatment with NaF. Furthermore, in vivo evidence indicated that NaF protects against Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone loss in a P. gingivalis-challenged experimental periodontitis animal model. These data suggest that NaF promotes the osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells through the Runx2/Osterix pathway and may be effective for the treatment of bone-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Lee
- Department of Renascent Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakae-cho Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan
| | - Kazumune Arikawa
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakae-cho Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan.
- Research Institute of Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakae-cho Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan.
| | - Fumio Nagahama
- Department of Renascent Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakae-cho Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan
- Research Institute of Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakae-cho Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan
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48
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Helft J, Anjos-Afonso F, van der Veen AG, Chakravarty P, Bonnet D, Reis e Sousa C. Dendritic Cell Lineage Potential in Human Early Hematopoietic Progenitors. Cell Rep 2017; 20:529-537. [PMID: 28723558 PMCID: PMC5529209 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.06.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are thought to descend from a DC precursor downstream of the common myeloid progenitor (CMP). However, a mouse lymphoid-primed multipotent progenitor has been shown to generate cDCs following a DC-specific developmental pathway independent of monocyte and granulocyte poiesis. Similarly, here we show that, in humans, a large fraction of multipotent lymphoid early progenitors (MLPs) gives rise to cDCs, in particular the subset known as cDC1, identified by co-expression of DNGR-1 (CLEC9A) and CD141 (BDCA-3). Single-cell analysis indicates that over one-third of MLPs have the potential to efficiently generate cDCs. cDC1s generated from CMPs or MLPs do not exhibit differences in transcriptome or phenotype. These results demonstrate an early imprinting of the cDC lineage in human hematopoiesis and highlight the plasticity of developmental pathways giving rise to human DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Helft
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.
| | - Fernando Anjos-Afonso
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK; Cardiff University, European Cancer Stem Cell Institute, Cardiff, CF10 3XQ, UK
| | | | - Probir Chakravarty
- Bioinformatics, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Dominique Bonnet
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Caetano Reis e Sousa
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.
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49
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Akhavan-Tavakoli M, Fard M, Khanjani S, Zare S, Edalatkhah H, Mehrabani D, Zarnani AH, Shirazi R, Kazemnejad S. In vitro differentiation of menstrual blood stem cells into keratinocytes: A potential approach for management of wound healing. Biologicals 2017; 48:66-73. [PMID: 28579353 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin wounds caused by insults should be treated immediately to restore the functions and integrity. Recent studies suggest that stem cells-based therapies may be applicable in wound healing. Newly defined menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs) show high rate of cell proliferation and trans-differentiation potency to various cell types. However, MenSCs potential to generate keratinocyte for future therapeutic use of skin lesions has been remained to investigate. We cultivated MenSCs in the presence of isolated foreskin derived-keratinocytes using an indirect co-culture system and evaluated efficiency of this protocol to generate keratinocytes using immunofluorescent staining and Real Time PCR technique. Our results showed that differentiated keratinocytes express epidermal/keratinocytes lineage specific markers such as K14, p63, and involucrin at both mRNA and protein levels. Immunofluorescent staining showed the expression of involucrin and K14 in differentiated cells in contrast to undifferentiated cells. Moreover, mRNA expression levels of K14 (11.1 folds, p = 0.001), p63 (10.23 folds, p = 0.001), and involucrin (2.94 folds, p = 0.001) were higher in differentiated MenSCs compared to non-cocultured cells. Therefore, we firstly presented evidence about differentiation capability of MenSCs into epidermal/keratinocytes lineage. Considering the advantages of MenSCs such as great accessibility, these stem cells are promising for stem cells-based therapies of skin defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Akhavan-Tavakoli
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Maryam Fard
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Sayeh Khanjani
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sona Zare
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Haleh Edalatkhah
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Davood Mehrabani
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Amir-Hassan Zarnani
- Nanobiotechnology Research Centre, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Shirazi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Somaieh Kazemnejad
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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50
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Morsczeck C, Reck A, Reichert TE. WNT3A and the induction of the osteogenic differentiation in adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells. Tissue Cell 2017; 49:489-494. [PMID: 28549605 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue derived stem cells (ASCs) can easily be isolated, but the osteogenic differentiation potential is limited. To improve this differentiation potential, more investigations are required about signaling proteins for the induction of the osteogenic differentiation. This study focused on the WNT3A protein, because little is known about the canonical WNT signaling pathway and the osteogenic differentiation of ASCs. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured for the evaluation of the osteogenic differentiation. WNT3A and Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1) were used for the activation and the inhibition of the canonical WNT signaling pathway, respectively. For control we manipulated the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway in ASCs with BMP2 and NOGGIN (BMP pathway inhibitor). WNT3A stimulated significantly the ALP activity in ASCs, while BMP2, DKK1 and NOGGIN did not induce highly the ALP activity in ASCs. Moreover, an osteogenic differentiation medium with dexamethasone and WNT3A increased the ALP activity, but the gene expression of osteoblast markers and the biomineralization after long-term cultures were not increased. In contrast, ASCs differentiated into adipocyte-like cells in all tested differentiation media. WNT3A did not repress the expression of the adipogenic transcription factor Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARG). In conclusion, WNT3A supports early stages such as the ALP activity, but it does neither improve later stages of the osteogenic differentiation nor it inhibits the genuine adipogenic differentiation of ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Morsczeck
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - A Reck
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - T E Reichert
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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