1
|
Deepika BK, Apoorva NH, Joel PR, B B, Sudheer SP. Enhanced osteogenic differentiation potential of Arnica montana and Bellis perennis in C3H10T1/2 multipotent mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:596. [PMID: 38683461 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09509-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arnica montana and Bellis perennis are two medicinal plants that are thought to accelerate bone repair in homoeopathic literature. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells with the ability to differentiate and regenerate bone or osteogenesis. Hence, we aimed to determine the role of Arnica montana and Bellis perennis on the osteogenic differentiation of the C3H10T1/2 stem cell line. METHODS AND RESULTS The cell proliferation of Arnica montana and Bellis perennis was evaluated by MTT assay. Osteogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2 was induced by the addition of β-glycerophosphate, ascorbic acid and dexamethasone in the differentiation medium over 3 weeks. Cells were treated with Arnica montana and Bellis perennis individually as well as in combination. The osteogenic differentiation potential of Arnica montana and Bellis perennis to differentiate C3H10T1/2 into osteoblasts was measured by alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin red staining and the expression of Osteocalcin using immunostaining and qRT-PCR. Arnica montana and Bellis perennis could enhance C3H10T1/2 cell proliferation at 1600 µg. Further, the compound showed the ability to augment osteogenesis as confirmed by increased expression of alkaline phosphatase and enhanced calcium accumulation as seen by the Alizarin Red staining and quantification. Enhanced osteogenesis was further supported by the increased expression of osteocalcin in the treated cells with individual and combined doses of Arnica montana and Bellis perennis. Therefore, the findings provide additional support for the positive impact of Arnica montana and Bellis perennis on bone formation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that homoeopathic compounds Arnica montana and Bellis perennis can augment osteogenesis individually as well as in combination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhat K Deepika
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya Deemed to Be University, University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Nagendra H Apoorva
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya Deemed to Be University, University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Pinto R Joel
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya Deemed to Be University, University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Bipasha B
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya Deemed to Be University, University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Shenoy P Sudheer
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya Deemed to Be University, University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu Q, Zhang J, Kumar S, Shen S, Kincaid M, Johnson CB, Zhang YS, Turcotte R, Alt C, Ito K, Homan S, Sherman BE, Shao TY, Slaughter A, Weinhaus B, Song B, Filippi MD, Grimes HL, Lin CP, Ito K, Way SS, Kofron JM, Lucas D. Resilient anatomy and local plasticity of naive and stress haematopoiesis. Nature 2024; 627:839-846. [PMID: 38509363 PMCID: PMC10972750 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The bone marrow adjusts blood cell production to meet physiological demands in response to insults. The spatial organization of normal and stress responses are unknown owing to the lack of methods to visualize most steps of blood production. Here we develop strategies to image multipotent haematopoiesis, erythropoiesis and lymphopoiesis in mice. We combine these with imaging of myelopoiesis1 to define the anatomy of normal and stress haematopoiesis. In the steady state, across the skeleton, single stem cells and multipotent progenitors distribute through the marrow enriched near megakaryocytes. Lineage-committed progenitors are recruited to blood vessels, where they contribute to lineage-specific microanatomical structures composed of progenitors and immature cells, which function as the production sites for each major blood lineage. This overall anatomy is resilient to insults, as it was maintained after haemorrhage, systemic bacterial infection and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment, and during ageing. Production sites enable haematopoietic plasticity as they differentially and selectively modulate their numbers and output in response to insults. We found that stress responses are variable across the skeleton: the tibia and the sternum respond in opposite ways to G-CSF, and the skull does not increase erythropoiesis after haemorrhage. Our studies enable in situ analyses of haematopoiesis, define the anatomy of normal and stress responses, identify discrete microanatomical production sites that confer plasticity to haematopoiesis, and uncover unprecedented heterogeneity of stress responses across the skeleton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Wu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Jizhou Zhang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Siyu Shen
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Morgan Kincaid
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Courtney B Johnson
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yanan Sophia Zhang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Raphaël Turcotte
- Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell, Regenerative Medicine Research, Department of Cell Biology and Stem Cell Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Clemens Alt
- Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kyoko Ito
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell, Regenerative Medicine Research, Department of Cell Biology and Stem Cell Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Shelli Homan
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Bryan E Sherman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tzu-Yu Shao
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Anastasiya Slaughter
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin Weinhaus
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Baobao Song
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Marie Dominique Filippi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - H Leighton Grimes
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Charles P Lin
- Advanced Microscopy Program, Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Keisuke Ito
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell, Regenerative Medicine Research, Department of Cell Biology and Stem Cell Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sing Sing Way
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - J Matthew Kofron
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel Lucas
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Patel SH, Christodoulou C, Weinreb C, Yu Q, da Rocha EL, Pepe-Mooney BJ, Bowling S, Li L, Osorio FG, Daley GQ, Camargo FD. Lifelong multilineage contribution by embryonic-born blood progenitors. Nature 2022; 606:747-753. [PMID: 35705805 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04804-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) arise in the embryo from the arterial endothelium through a process known as the endothelial-to-haematopoietic transition (EHT)1-4. This process generates hundreds of blood progenitors, of which a fraction go on to become definitive HSCs. It is generally thought that most adult blood is derived from those HSCs, but to what extent other progenitors contribute to adult haematopoiesis is not known. Here we use in situ barcoding and classical fate mapping to assess the developmental and clonal origins of adult blood in mice. Our analysis uncovers an early wave of progenitor specification-independent of traditional HSCs-that begins soon after EHT. These embryonic multipotent progenitors (eMPPs) predominantly drive haematopoiesis in the young adult, have a decreasing yet lifelong contribution over time and are the predominant source of lymphoid output. Putative eMPPs are specified within intra-arterial haematopoietic clusters and represent one fate of the earliest haematopoietic progenitors. Altogether, our results reveal functional heterogeneity during the definitive wave that leads to distinct sources of adult blood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin H Patel
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Caleb Weinreb
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qi Yu
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edroaldo Lummertz da Rocha
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Sarah Bowling
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li Li
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - George Q Daley
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fernando D Camargo
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mitchell E, Spencer Chapman M, Williams N, Dawson KJ, Mende N, Calderbank EF, Jung H, Mitchell T, Coorens THH, Spencer DH, Machado H, Lee-Six H, Davies M, Hayler D, Fabre MA, Mahbubani K, Abascal F, Cagan A, Vassiliou GS, Baxter J, Martincorena I, Stratton MR, Kent DG, Chatterjee K, Parsy KS, Green AR, Nangalia J, Laurenti E, Campbell PJ. Clonal dynamics of haematopoiesis across the human lifespan. Nature 2022; 606:343-350. [PMID: 35650442 PMCID: PMC9177428 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04786-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Age-related change in human haematopoiesis causes reduced regenerative capacity1, cytopenias2, immune dysfunction3 and increased risk of blood cancer4-6, but the reason for such abrupt functional decline after 70 years of age remains unclear. Here we sequenced 3,579 genomes from single cell-derived colonies of haematopoietic cells across 10 human subjects from 0 to 81 years of age. Haematopoietic stem cells or multipotent progenitors (HSC/MPPs) accumulated a mean of 17 mutations per year after birth and lost 30 base pairs per year of telomere length. Haematopoiesis in adults less than 65 years of age was massively polyclonal, with high clonal diversity and a stable population of 20,000-200,000 HSC/MPPs contributing evenly to blood production. By contrast, haematopoiesis in individuals aged over 75 showed profoundly decreased clonal diversity. In each of the older subjects, 30-60% of haematopoiesis was accounted for by 12-18 independent clones, each contributing 1-34% of blood production. Most clones had begun their expansion before the subject was 40 years old, but only 22% had known driver mutations. Genome-wide selection analysis estimated that between 1 in 34 and 1 in 12 non-synonymous mutations were drivers, accruing at constant rates throughout life, affecting more genes than identified in blood cancers. Loss of the Y chromosome conferred selective benefits in males. Simulations of haematopoiesis, with constant stem cell population size and constant acquisition of driver mutations conferring moderate fitness benefits, entirely explained the abrupt change in clonal structure in the elderly. Rapidly decreasing clonal diversity is a universal feature of haematopoiesis in aged humans, underpinned by pervasive positive selection acting on many more genes than currently identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Mitchell
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - Nicole Mende
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emily F Calderbank
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - David H Spencer
- Department of Medicine, McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Megan Davies
- Cambridge Molecular Diagnostics, Milton Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Hayler
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Margarete A Fabre
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Krishnaa Mahbubani
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Biorepository for Translational Medicine, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - George S Vassiliou
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joanna Baxter
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - David G Kent
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Krishna Chatterjee
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kourosh Saeb Parsy
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Biorepository for Translational Medicine, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anthony R Green
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jyoti Nangalia
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Elisa Laurenti
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Peter J Campbell
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Basil MC, Cardenas-Diaz FL, Kathiriya JJ, Morley MP, Carl J, Brumwell AN, Katzen J, Slovik KJ, Babu A, Zhou S, Kremp MM, McCauley KB, Li S, Planer JD, Hussain SS, Liu X, Windmueller R, Ying Y, Stewart KM, Oyster M, Christie JD, Diamond JM, Engelhardt JF, Cantu E, Rowe SM, Kotton DN, Chapman HA, Morrisey EE. Human distal airways contain a multipotent secretory cell that can regenerate alveoli. Nature 2022; 604:120-126. [PMID: 35355013 PMCID: PMC9297319 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04552-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The human lung differs substantially from its mouse counterpart, resulting in a distinct distal airway architecture affected by disease pathology in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In humans, the distal branches of the airway interweave with the alveolar gas-exchange niche, forming an anatomical structure known as the respiratory bronchioles. Owing to the lack of a counterpart in mouse, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that govern respiratory bronchioles in the human lung remain uncharacterized. Here we show that human respiratory bronchioles contain a unique secretory cell population that is distinct from cells in larger proximal airways. Organoid modelling reveals that these respiratory airway secretory (RAS) cells act as unidirectional progenitors for alveolar type 2 cells, which are essential for maintaining and regenerating the alveolar niche. RAS cell lineage differentiation into alveolar type 2 cells is regulated by Notch and Wnt signalling. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, RAS cells are altered transcriptionally, corresponding to abnormal alveolar type 2 cell states, which are associated with smoking exposure in both humans and ferrets. These data identify a distinct progenitor in a region of the human lung that is not found in mouse that has a critical role in maintaining the gas-exchange compartment and is altered in chronic lung disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Basil
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fabian L Cardenas-Diaz
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jaymin J Kathiriya
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael P Morley
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Justine Carl
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexis N Brumwell
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy Katzen
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katherine J Slovik
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Apoorva Babu
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Su Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Madison M Kremp
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katherine B McCauley
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shanru Li
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joseph D Planer
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shah S Hussain
- Department of Medicine and the Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Rebecca Windmueller
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yun Ying
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kathleen M Stewart
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michelle Oyster
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jason D Christie
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joshua M Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John F Engelhardt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Edward Cantu
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Steven M Rowe
- Department of Medicine and the Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Harold A Chapman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Handzlik JE. Data-driven modeling predicts gene regulatory network dynamics during the differentiation of multipotential hematopoietic progenitors. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009779. [PMID: 35030198 PMCID: PMC8794271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular differentiation during hematopoiesis is guided by gene regulatory networks (GRNs) comprising transcription factors (TFs) and the effectors of cytokine signaling. Based largely on analyses conducted at steady state, these GRNs are thought to be organized as a hierarchy of bistable switches, with antagonism between Gata1 and PU.1 driving red- and white-blood cell differentiation. Here, we utilize transient gene expression patterns to infer the genetic architecture—the type and strength of regulatory interconnections—and dynamics of a twelve-gene GRN including key TFs and cytokine receptors. We trained gene circuits, dynamical models that learn genetic architecture, on high temporal-resolution gene-expression data from the differentiation of an inducible cell line into erythrocytes and neutrophils. The model is able to predict the consequences of gene knockout, knockdown, and overexpression experiments and the inferred interconnections are largely consistent with prior empirical evidence. The inferred genetic architecture is densely interconnected rather than hierarchical, featuring extensive cross-antagonism between genes from alternative lineages and positive feedback from cytokine receptors. The analysis of the dynamics of gene regulation in the model reveals that PU.1 is one of the last genes to be upregulated in neutrophil conditions and that the upregulation of PU.1 and other neutrophil genes is driven by Cebpa and Gfi1 instead. This model inference is confirmed in an independent single-cell RNA-Seq dataset from mouse bone marrow in which Cebpa and Gfi1 expression precedes the neutrophil-specific upregulation of PU.1 during differentiation. These results demonstrate that full PU.1 upregulation during neutrophil development involves regulatory influences extrinsic to the Gata1-PU.1 bistable switch. Furthermore, although there is extensive cross-antagonism between erythroid and neutrophil genes, it does not have a hierarchical structure. More generally, we show that the combination of high-resolution time series data and data-driven dynamical modeling can uncover the dynamics and causality of developmental events that might otherwise be obscured. The supply of blood cells is replenished by the maturation of hematopoietic progenitor cells into different cell types. Which cell type a progenitor cell develops into is determined by a complex network of genes whose protein products directly or indirectly regulate each others’ expression and that of downstream genes characteristic of the cell type. We inferred the nature and causality of the regulatory connections in a 12-gene network known to affect the decision between erythrocyte and neutrophil cell fates using a predictive machine-learning approach. Our analysis showed that the overall architecture of the network is densely interconnected and not hierarchical. Furthermore, the model inferred that PU.1, considered a master regulator of all white-blood cell lineages, is upregulated during neutrophil development by two other proteins, Cebpa and Gfi1. We validated this prediction by showing that Cebpa and Gfi1 expression precedes that of PU.1 in single-cell gene expression data from mouse bone marrow. These results revise the architecture of the gene network and the causality of regulatory events guiding hematopoiesis. The results also show that combining machine learning approaches with time course data can help resolve causality during development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna E Handzlik
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Collins BC, Kardon G. It takes all kinds: heterogeneity among satellite cells and fibro-adipogenic progenitors during skeletal muscle regeneration. Development 2021; 148:dev199861. [PMID: 34739030 PMCID: PMC8602941 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Vertebrate skeletal muscle is composed of multinucleate myofibers that are surrounded by muscle connective tissue. Following injury, muscle is able to robustly regenerate because of tissue-resident muscle stem cells, called satellite cells. In addition, efficient and complete regeneration depends on other cells resident in muscle - including fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs). Increasing evidence from single-cell analyses and genetic and transplantation experiments suggests that satellite cells and FAPs are heterogeneous cell populations. Here, we review our current understanding of the heterogeneity of satellite cells, their myogenic derivatives and FAPs in terms of gene expression, anatomical location, age and timing during the regenerative process - each of which have potentially important functional consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabrielle Kardon
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Challen GA, Pietras EM, Wallscheid NC, Signer RAJ. Simplified murine multipotent progenitor isolation scheme: Establishing a consensus approach for multipotent progenitor identification. Exp Hematol 2021; 104:55-63. [PMID: 34648848 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The mouse hematopoietic system has served as a paradigm for analysis of developmental fate decisions in tissue homeostasis and regeneration. However, multiple immunophenotypic definitions of, and sometimes divergent nomenclatures used to classify, murine multipotent progenitors (MPPs) have emerged in the field over time. This has created significant confusion and inconsistency in the hematology field. To facilitate easier comparison of murine MPP phenotypes between research laboratories, a working group of four International Society for Experimental Hematology (ISEH) members with extensive experience studying the functional activities associated with different MPP phenotypic definitions reviewed the current state of the field with the goal of developing a position statement toward a simplified and unified immunophenotypic definition of MPP populations. In November of 2020, this position statement was presented as a webinar to the ISEH community for discussion and feedback. Hence, the Simplified MPP Identification Scheme presented here is the result of curation of existing literature, consultation with leaders in the field, and crowdsourcing from the wider experimental hematology community. Adoption of a unified definition and nomenclature, while still leaving room for individual investigator customization, will benefit scientists at all levels trying to compare these populations between experimental settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grant A Challen
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Eric M Pietras
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | | | - Robert A J Signer
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shiau F, Ruzycki PA, Clark BS. A single-cell guide to retinal development: Cell fate decisions of multipotent retinal progenitors in scRNA-seq. Dev Biol 2021; 478:41-58. [PMID: 34146533 PMCID: PMC8386138 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in high throughput single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology have enabled the simultaneous transcriptomic profiling of thousands of individual cells in a single experiment. To investigate the intrinsic process of retinal development, researchers have leveraged this technology to quantify gene expression in retinal cells across development, in multiple species, and from numerous important models of human disease. In this review, we summarize recent applications of scRNA-seq and discuss how these datasets have complemented and advanced our understanding of retinal progenitor cell competence, cell fate specification, and differentiation. Finally, we also highlight the outstanding questions in the field that advances in single-cell data generation and analysis will soon be able to answer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fion Shiau
- John F Hardesty, MD Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Philip A Ruzycki
- John F Hardesty, MD Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brian S Clark
- John F Hardesty, MD Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dignum T, Varnum-Finney B, Srivatsan SR, Dozono S, Waltner O, Heck AM, Ishida T, Nourigat-McKay C, Jackson DL, Rafii S, Trapnell C, Bernstein ID, Hadland B. Multipotent progenitors and hematopoietic stem cells arise independently from hemogenic endothelium in the mouse embryo. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109675. [PMID: 34525376 PMCID: PMC8478150 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During embryogenesis, waves of hematopoietic progenitors develop from hemogenic endothelium (HE) prior to the emergence of self-renewing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Although previous studies have shown that yolk-sac-derived erythromyeloid progenitors and HSCs emerge from distinct populations of HE, it remains unknown whether the earliest lymphoid-competent progenitors, multipotent progenitors, and HSCs originate from common HE. In this study, we demonstrate by clonal assays and single-cell transcriptomics that rare HE with functional HSC potential in the early murine embryo are distinct from more abundant HE with multilineage hematopoietic potential that fail to generate HSCs. Specifically, HSC-competent HE are characterized by expression of CXCR4 surface marker and by higher expression of genes tied to arterial programs regulating HSC dormancy and self-renewal. Taken together, these findings suggest a revised model of developmental hematopoiesis in which the initial populations of multipotent progenitors and HSCs arise independently from HE with distinct phenotypic and transcriptional properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Dignum
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Barbara Varnum-Finney
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sanjay R Srivatsan
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Stacey Dozono
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Olivia Waltner
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Adam M Heck
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Takashi Ishida
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Cynthia Nourigat-McKay
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Dana L Jackson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Cole Trapnell
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Irwin D Bernstein
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Brandon Hadland
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tsiftsoglou AS. Erythropoietin (EPO) as a Key Regulator of Erythropoiesis, Bone Remodeling and Endothelial Transdifferentiation of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs): Implications in Regenerative Medicine. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082140. [PMID: 34440909 PMCID: PMC8391952 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human erythropoietin (EPO) is an N-linked glycoprotein consisting of 166 aa that is produced in the kidney during the adult life and acts both as a peptide hormone and hematopoietic growth factor (HGF), stimulating bone marrow erythropoiesis. EPO production is activated by hypoxia and is regulated via an oxygen-sensitive feedback loop. EPO acts via its homodimeric erythropoietin receptor (EPO-R) that increases cell survival and drives the terminal erythroid maturation of progenitors BFU-Es and CFU-Es to billions of mature RBCs. This pathway involves the activation of multiple erythroid transcription factors, such as GATA1, FOG1, TAL-1, EKLF and BCL11A, and leads to the overexpression of genes encoding enzymes involved in heme biosynthesis and the production of hemoglobin. The detection of a heterodimeric complex of EPO-R (consisting of one EPO-R chain and the CSF2RB β-chain, CD131) in several tissues (brain, heart, skeletal muscle) explains the EPO pleotropic action as a protection factor for several cells, including the multipotent MSCs as well as cells modulating the innate and adaptive immunity arms. EPO induces the osteogenic and endothelial transdifferentiation of the multipotent MSCs via the activation of EPO-R signaling pathways, leading to bone remodeling, induction of angiogenesis and secretion of a large number of trophic factors (secretome). These diversely unique properties of EPO, taken together with its clinical use to treat anemias associated with chronic renal failure and other blood disorders, make it a valuable biologic agent in regenerative medicine for the treatment/cure of tissue de-regeneration disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asterios S Tsiftsoglou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Balaphas A, Meyer J, Meier RPH, Liot E, Buchs NC, Roche B, Toso C, Bühler LH, Gonelle-Gispert C, Ris F. Cell Therapy for Anal Sphincter Incontinence: Where Do We Stand? Cells 2021; 10:2086. [PMID: 34440855 PMCID: PMC8394955 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anal sphincter incontinence is a chronic disease, which dramatically impairs quality of life and induces high costs for the society. Surgery, considered as the best curative option, shows a disappointing success rate. Stem/progenitor cell therapy is pledging, for anal sphincter incontinence, a substitute to surgery with higher efficacy. However, the published literature is disparate. Our aim was to perform a review on the development of cell therapy for anal sphincter incontinence with critical analyses of its pitfalls. Animal models for anal sphincter incontinence were varied and tried to reproduce distinct clinical situations (acute injury or healed injury with or without surgical reconstruction) but were limited by anatomical considerations. Cell preparations used for treatment, originated, in order of frequency, from skeletal muscle, bone marrow or fat tissue. The characterization of these preparations was often incomplete and stemness not always addressed. Despite a lack of understanding of sphincter healing processes and the exact mechanism of action of cell preparations, this treatment was evaluated in 83 incontinent patients, reporting encouraging results. However, further development is necessary to establish the correct indications, to determine the most-suited cell type, to standardize the cell preparation method and to validate the route and number of cell delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Balaphas
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.M.); (E.L.); (N.C.B.); (B.R.); (C.T.); (F.R.)
- Department of Surgery, Geneva Medical School, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jeremy Meyer
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.M.); (E.L.); (N.C.B.); (B.R.); (C.T.); (F.R.)
| | - Raphael P. H. Meier
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Emilie Liot
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.M.); (E.L.); (N.C.B.); (B.R.); (C.T.); (F.R.)
| | - Nicolas C. Buchs
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.M.); (E.L.); (N.C.B.); (B.R.); (C.T.); (F.R.)
| | - Bruno Roche
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.M.); (E.L.); (N.C.B.); (B.R.); (C.T.); (F.R.)
| | - Christian Toso
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.M.); (E.L.); (N.C.B.); (B.R.); (C.T.); (F.R.)
| | - Leo H. Bühler
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (L.H.B.); (C.G.-G.)
| | - Carmen Gonelle-Gispert
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (L.H.B.); (C.G.-G.)
| | - Frédéric Ris
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.M.); (E.L.); (N.C.B.); (B.R.); (C.T.); (F.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu Z, Lin Y, Fang X, Yang J, Chen Z. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Promotes Osteo-/Odontogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells from the Apical Papilla through Activating the BMP-Smad Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061580. [PMID: 33809391 PMCID: PMC8001198 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) are desirable sources of dentin regeneration. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a natural component of green tea, shows potential in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells. However, whether EGCG regulates the odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs and how this occurs remain unknown. SCAPs from immature human third molars (16–20 years, n = 5) were treated with a medium containing different concentrations of EGCG or bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2), with or without LDN193189 (an inhibitor of the canonical BMP pathway). Cell proliferation and migration were analyzed using a CCK-8 assay and wound-healing assay, respectively. Osteo-/odontogenic differentiation was evaluated via alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red S staining, and the expression of osteo-/odontogenic markers using qPCR and Western blotting. We found that EGCG (1 or 10 μM) promoted the proliferation of SCAPs, increased alkaline phosphatase activity and mineral deposition, and upregulated the expression of osteo-/odontogenic markers including dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp), dentin matrix protein-1 (Dmp-1), bone sialoprotein (Bsp), and Type I collagen (Col1), along with the elevated expression of BMP2 and phosphorylation level of Smad1/5/9 (p < 0.01). EGCG at concentrations below 10 μM had no significant influence on cell migration. Moreover, EGCG-induced osteo-/odontogenic differentiation was significantly attenuated via LDN193189 treatment (p < 0.01). Furthermore, EGCG showed the ability to promote mineralization comparable with that of recombinant BMP2. Our study demonstrated that EGCG promotes the osteo-/odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs through the BMP–Smad signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
14
|
Rothenberg EV. Single-cell insights into the hematopoietic generation of T-lymphocyte precursors in mouse and human. Exp Hematol 2021; 95:1-12. [PMID: 33454362 PMCID: PMC8018899 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
T-Cell development is a major branch of lymphoid development and a key output of hematopoiesis, especially in early life, but the molecular requirements for T-cell potential have remained obscure. Considerable advances have now been made toward solving this problem through single-cell transcriptome studies, interfaced with in vitro differentiation assays that monitor potential efficiently at the single-cell level. This review focuses on a series of recent reports studying mouse and human early T-cell precursors, both in the developing fetus and in stringently purified postnatal samples of intrathymic and prethymic T-lineage precursors. Cross-comparison of results reveals a robustly conserved core program in mouse and human, but with some informative and provocative variations between species and between ontogenic states. Repeated findings are the multipotent progenitor regulatory signature of thymus-seeding cells and the proximity of the T-cell program to dendritic cell programs, especially to plasmacytoid dendritic cells in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen V Rothenberg
- Division of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Casciaro F, Zia S, Forcato M, Zavatti M, Beretti F, Bertucci E, Zattoni A, Reschiglian P, Alviano F, Bonsi L, Follo MY, Demaria M, Roda B, Maraldi T. Unravelling Heterogeneity of Amplified Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells Sub-Populations. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010158. [PMID: 33467440 PMCID: PMC7830644 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) are broadly multipotent immature progenitor cells with high self-renewal and no tumorigenic properties. These cells, even amplified, present very variable morphology, density, intracellular composition and stemness potential, and this heterogeneity can hinder their characterization and potential use in regenerative medicine. Celector® (Stem Sel ltd.) is a new technology that exploits the Non-Equilibrium Earth Gravity Assisted Field Flow Fractionation principles to characterize and label-free sort stem cells based on their solely physical characteristics without any manipulation. Viable cells are collected and used for further studies or direct applications. In order to understand the intrapopulation heterogeneity, various fractions of hAFSCs were isolated using the Celector® profile and live imaging feature. The gene expression profile of each fraction was analysed using whole-transcriptome sequencing (RNAseq). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis identified significant differential expression in pathways related to Stemness, DNA repair, E2F targets, G2M checkpoint, hypoxia, EM transition, mTORC1 signalling, Unfold Protein Response and p53 signalling. These differences were validated by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence and differentiation assays. Interestingly, the different fractions showed distinct and unique stemness properties. These results suggest the existence of deep intra-population differences that can influence the stemness profile of hAFSCs. This study represents a proof-of-concept of the importance of selecting certain cellular fractions with the highest potential to use in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Casciaro
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.C.); (M.Z.); (F.B.); (T.M.)
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy;
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, 9713 Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | | | - Mattia Forcato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Manuela Zavatti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.C.); (M.Z.); (F.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Francesca Beretti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.C.); (M.Z.); (F.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Emma Bertucci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mothers, Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Andrea Zattoni
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (A.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Pierluigi Reschiglian
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (A.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Francesco Alviano
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (F.A.); (L.B.)
| | - Laura Bonsi
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (F.A.); (L.B.)
| | - Matilde Yung Follo
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Marco Demaria
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, 9713 Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Barbara Roda
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (A.Z.); (P.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-209-9450
| | - Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.C.); (M.Z.); (F.B.); (T.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Petratou K, Spencer SA, Kelsh RN, Lister JA. The MITF paralog tfec is required in neural crest development for fate specification of the iridophore lineage from a multipotent pigment cell progenitor. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0244794. [PMID: 33439865 PMCID: PMC7806166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how fate specification of distinct cell-types from multipotent progenitors occurs is a fundamental question in embryology. Neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) generate extraordinarily diverse derivatives, including multiple neural, skeletogenic and pigment cell fates. Key transcription factors and extracellular signals specifying NCSC lineages remain to be identified, and we have only a little idea of how and when they function together to control fate. Zebrafish have three neural crest-derived pigment cell types, black melanocytes, light-reflecting iridophores and yellow xanthophores, which offer a powerful model for studying the molecular and cellular mechanisms of fate segregation. Mitfa has been identified as the master regulator of melanocyte fate. Here, we show that an Mitf-related transcription factor, Tfec, functions as master regulator of the iridophore fate. Surprisingly, our phenotypic analysis of tfec mutants demonstrates that Tfec also functions in the initial specification of all three pigment cell-types, although the melanocyte and xanthophore lineages recover later. We show that Mitfa represses tfec expression, revealing a likely mechanism contributing to the decision between melanocyte and iridophore fate. Our data are consistent with the long-standing proposal of a tripotent progenitor restricted to pigment cell fates. Moreover, we investigate activation, maintenance and function of tfec in multipotent NCSCs, demonstrating for the first time its role in the gene regulatory network forming and maintaining early neural crest cells. In summary, we build on our previous work to characterise the gene regulatory network governing iridophore development, establishing Tfec as the master regulator driving iridophore specification from multipotent progenitors, while shedding light on possible cellular mechanisms of progressive fate restriction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kleio Petratou
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry and Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Samantha A. Spencer
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Robert N. Kelsh
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry and Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - James A. Lister
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Willett K, Khan RS, Dine K, Wessel H, Kirshner ZZ, Sauer JL, Ellis A, Brown LR, Shindler KS. Neuroprotection mediated by ST266 requires full complement of proteins secreted by amnion-derived multipotent progenitor cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0243862. [PMID: 33406093 PMCID: PMC7787369 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ST266 is the biological secretome of cultured Amnion-derived Multipotent Progenitor cells containing multiple growth factors and cytokines. While intranasally-administered ST266 improves the phenotype in experimental optic neuritis, specific ST266 components mediating these effects are not known. We compared the effects of ST266 with and without removal of large molecular weight proteins both in vitro and in the multiple sclerosis model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in C57BL/6J mice. Mice were treated daily with intranasal vehicle, ST266 or lower molecular weight fraction of ST266. Retinal ganglion cells were counted in isolated retinas, and optic nerves were assessed for inflammation and demyelination. ST266 treatment significantly improved retinal ganglion cell survival and reduced optic nerve demyelination in EAE mice. The lower molecular weight ST266 fraction significantly improved optic nerve demyelination, but only showed a trend towards improved retinal ganglion cell survival. ST266 fractions below 50kDa increased Schwann cell proliferation in vitro, but were less effective than non-fractionated ST266. Demyelination attenuation was partially associated with the lower molecular weight ST266 fraction, but removal of higher molecular weight biomolecules from ST266 diminishes its neuroprotective effects, suggesting at least some high molecular weight proteins play a role in ST266-mediated neuroprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keirnan Willett
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Reas S. Khan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Dine
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Howard Wessel
- Noveome Biotherapeutics, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ziv Z. Kirshner
- Noveome Biotherapeutics, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jodie L. Sauer
- Noveome Biotherapeutics, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ashley Ellis
- Noveome Biotherapeutics, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Larry R. Brown
- Noveome Biotherapeutics, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kenneth S. Shindler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Juan CH, Chen MH, Lin FH, Wong CS, Chien CC, Chen MH. In Vitro Differentiation of Human Placenta-Derived Multipotent Cells into Schwann-Like Cells. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10121657. [PMID: 33322066 PMCID: PMC7763858 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human placenta-derived multipotent stem cells (PDMCs) resembling embryonic stem cells can differentiate into three germ layer cells, including ectodermal lineage cells, such as neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. The favorable characteristics of noninvasive cell harvesting include fewer ethical, religious, and legal considerations as well as accessible and limitless supply. Thus, PDMCs are attractive for cell-based therapy. The Schwann cell (SC) is the most common cell type used for tissue engineering such as nerve regeneration. However, the differentiation potential of human PDMCs into SCs has not been demonstrated until now. In this study, we evaluated the potential of PDMCs to differentiate into SC-like cells in a differentiation medium. After induction, PDMCs not only exhibited typical SC spindle-shaped morphology but also expressed SC markers, including S100, GFAP, p75, MBP, and Sox 10, as revealed by immunocytochemistry. Moreover, a reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed the elevated gene expression of S100, GFAP, p75, MBP, Sox-10, and Krox-20 after SC induction. A neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y, was cultured in the conditioned medium (CM) collected from PDMC-differentiated SCs. The growth rate of the SH-SY5Y increased in the CM, indicating the function of PDMC-induced SCs. In conclusion, human PDMCs can be differentiated into SC-like cells and thus are an attractive alternative to SCs for cell-based therapy in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hau Juan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106438, Taiwan; (C.-H.J.); (C.-S.W.); (C.-C.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsiu Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220216, Taiwan;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan 333321, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Hui Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Shung Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106438, Taiwan; (C.-H.J.); (C.-S.W.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Chih-Cheng Chien
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106438, Taiwan; (C.-H.J.); (C.-S.W.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Ming-Hong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Municipal Wangfang Hospital, Taipei 116081, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yu H, Hu W, Song X, Zhao Y. Generation of Multipotent Stem Cells from Adult Human Peripheral Blood Following the Treatment with Platelet-Derived Mitochondria. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061350. [PMID: 32485922 PMCID: PMC7349571 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous stem cells are highly preferred for cellular therapy to treat human diseases. Mitochondria are organelles normally located in cytoplasm. Our recent studies demonstrated the differentiation of adult peripheral blood-derived insulin-producing cells (designated PB-IPC) into hematopoietic-like cells after the treatment with platelet-derived mitochondria. To further explore the molecular mechanism and their therapeutic potentials, through confocal and electron microscopy, we found that mitochondria enter cells and directly penetrate the nucleus of PB-IPC after the treatment with platelet-derived mitochondria, where they can produce profound epigenetic changes as demonstrated by RNA-seq and PCR array. Ex vivo functional studies established that mitochondrion-induced PB-IPC (miPB-IPC) can give rise to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and neuronal cells in the presence of different inducers. Further colony analysis highlighted the multipotent capability of the differentiation of PB-IPC into three-germ layer-derived cells. Therefore, these data indicate a novel function of mitochondria in cellular reprogramming, leading to the generation of autologous multipotent stem cells for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yong Zhao
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +201-880-3460
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Prasad MS, Uribe-Querol E, Marquez J, Vadasz S, Yardley N, Shelar PB, Charney RM, García-Castro MI. Blastula stage specification of avian neural crest. Dev Biol 2020; 458:64-74. [PMID: 31610145 PMCID: PMC7050198 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell fate specification defines the earliest steps towards a distinct cell lineage. Neural crest, a multipotent stem cell population, is thought to be specified from the ectoderm, but its varied contributions defy canons of segregation potential and challenges its embryonic origin. Aiming to resolve this conflict, we have assayed the earliest specification of neural crest using blastula stage chick embryos. Specification assays on isolated chick epiblast explants identify an intermediate region specified towards the neural crest cell fate. Furthermore, low density culture suggests that the specification of intermediate cells towards the neural crest lineage is independent of contact mediated induction and Wnt-ligand induced signaling, but is, however, dependent on transcriptional activity of β-catenin. Finally, we have validated the regional identity of the intermediate region towards the neural crest cell fate using fate map studies. Our results suggest a model of neural crest specification within a restricted epiblast region in blastula stage chick embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maneeshi S Prasad
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Patrick B Shelar
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, USA
| | - Rebekah M Charney
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, USA
| | - Martín I García-Castro
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chu DT, Phuong TNT, Tien NLB, Tran DK, Thanh VV, Quang TL, Truong DT, Pham VH, Ngoc VTN, Chu-Dinh T, Kushekhar K. An Update on the Progress of Isolation, Culture, Storage, and Clinical Application of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E708. [PMID: 31973182 PMCID: PMC7037097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSCs), which are known as multipotent cells, are widely used in the treatment of various diseases via their self-renewable, differentiation, and immunomodulatory properties. In-vitro and in-vivo studies have supported the understanding mechanisms, safety, and efficacy of BMSCs therapy in clinical applications. The number of clinical trials in phase I/II is accelerating; however, they are limited in the size of subjects, regulations, and standards for the preparation and transportation and administration of BMSCs, leading to inconsistency in the input and outcome of the therapy. Based on the International Society for Cellular Therapy guidelines, the characterization, isolation, cultivation, differentiation, and applications can be optimized and standardized, which are compliant with good manufacturing practice requirements to produce clinical-grade preparation of BMSCs. This review highlights and updates on the progress of production, as well as provides further challenges in the studies of BMSCs, for the approval of BMSCs widely in clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dinh-Toi Chu
- Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Thuy Nguyen Thi Phuong
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Nguyen Le Bao Tien
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.L.B.T.); (V.V.T.)
| | - Dang Khoa Tran
- Department of Anatomy, University of Medicine Pham Ngoc Thach, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Vo Van Thanh
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.L.B.T.); (V.V.T.)
- Department of Surgery, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Luu Quang
- Center for Anesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | | | - Van Huy Pham
- AI Lab, Faculty of Information Technology, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Vo Truong Nhu Ngoc
- School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Thien Chu-Dinh
- Institute for Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Kushi Kushekhar
- Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310 Oslo, Norway;
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zyuz'kov GN, Miroshnichenko LA, Polyakova TY, Stavrova LA, Simanina EV, Zhdanov VV. Specific Roles of JAKs and STAT3 in Functions of Neural Stem Cells and Committed Neuronal Progenitors during Ethanol-Induced Neurodegeneration. Bull Exp Biol Med 2020; 168:356-360. [PMID: 31938906 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-020-04708-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Peculiar roles of JAKs and STAT3 in realization of growth potential of various types of progenitor cells in neural tissue were examined during ethanol-induced neurodegeneration modeled both in vitro and in vivo. During in vitro action of C2H5OH, these signal molecules exerted the opposite effects on mitotic activity of multipotent neural stem cells and committed neural progenitors (the clonogenic PSA-NCAM+ cells). The JAKs and STAT3 inhibitors down-regulated the rate of neural stem cell division (proliferative activity) but up-regulated such activity of the committed neural progenitors. A long-term in vivo exposure of mice to ethanol inversed the roles of JAKs and STAT3 in determination of proliferative status of neural stem cells and eliminated involvement of JAKs in functional control over the committed progenitors of neurons. The data attest to much promise of STAT3 inhibitors in treatment of ethanol-induced CNS diseases as the remedies that stimulate realization of growth potential in multipotent neural stem cells and committed neural progenitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G N Zyuz'kov
- E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia.
| | - L A Miroshnichenko
- E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
| | - T Yu Polyakova
- E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
| | - L A Stavrova
- E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
| | - E V Simanina
- E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
| | - V V Zhdanov
- E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nifant’ev I, Bukharova T, Dyakonov A, Goldshtein D, Galitsyna E, Kosarev M, Shlyakhtin A, Gavrilov D, Ivchenko P. Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived MSCs by Non-Toxic Calcium Poly(ethylene phosphate)s. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6242. [PMID: 31835689 PMCID: PMC6940807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a current clinical need for the development of bone void fillers and bioactive bone graft substitutes. The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are seeded into 3D scaffolds and induce bone generation in the event of MSCs osteogenic differentiation is highly promising. Since calcium ions and phosphates promote the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, the use of the calcium complexes of phosphate-containing polymers is highly prospective in the development of osteogenic scaffolds. Calcium poly(ethylene phosphate)s (PEP-Ca) appear to be potentially suitable candidates primarily because of PEP's biodegradability. In a series of experiments with human adipose-tissue-derived multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs), we demonstrated that PEP-Ca are non-toxic and give rise to osteogenesis gene marker, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and mineralization of the intercellular matrix. Owing to the synthetic availability of poly(ethylene phosphoric acid) block copolymers, these results hold out the possibility for the development of promising new polymer composites for orthopaedic and maxillofacial surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Nifant’ev
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.S.); (D.G.); (P.I.)
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Bukharova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechye Str., 115522 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (A.D.); (D.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Alexander Dyakonov
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechye Str., 115522 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (A.D.); (D.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Dmitry Goldshtein
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechye Str., 115522 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (A.D.); (D.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Elena Galitsyna
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechye Str., 115522 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (A.D.); (D.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Maxim Kosarev
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.S.); (D.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Andrey Shlyakhtin
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.S.); (D.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Dmitry Gavrilov
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.S.); (D.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Pavel Ivchenko
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1–3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.S.); (D.G.); (P.I.)
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Arnhold S, Elashry MI, Klymiuk MC, Geburek F. Investigation of stemness and multipotency of equine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) from different fat sources in comparison with lipoma. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:309. [PMID: 31640774 PMCID: PMC6805636 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1429-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) offer a promising cell source for therapeutic applications in musculoskeletal disorders. The appropriate selection of ASCs from various fat depots for cell-based therapy is challenging. The present study aims to compare stemness and multipotency of ASCs derived from retroperitoneal (RP), subcutaneous (SC), and lipoma (LP) fat to assess their usefulness for clinical application. METHODS Equine ASCs from the three fat tissue sources were isolated and characterized. The cell viability, proliferation, and self-renewal were evaluated using MTT, sulforhodamine B, and colony forming unit (CFU) assays. Stem cell relative marker CD44, CD90, and CD105 and tumor marker CA9 and osteopontin (OPN) expression were quantified using RT-qPCR. Multipotency of ASCs for adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation was examined by quantifying Oil Red O and Alizarin Red S staining, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), and expression of differentiation relative markers. All data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA. RESULTS RP fat-derived ASCs showed a higher cell proliferation rate compared to SC and LP derived cells. In contrast, ASCs from lipoma displayed a lower proliferation rate and impaired CFU capacities. The expression of CD44, CD90, and CD105 was upregulated in RP and SC derived cells but not in LP cells. RP fat-derived cells displayed a higher adipogenic potential compared to SC and LP cells. Although ASCs from all fat sources showed enhanced ALP activity following osteogenic differentiation, SC fat-derived cells revealed upregulated ALP and bone morphogenetic protein-2 expression together with a higher calcium deposition. We found an enhanced chondrogenic potency of RP and SC fat-derived cells as shown by Alcian blue staining and upregulation of aggrecan (Aggre), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein precursor (COMP), and collagen 2a1 (Col2a1) expression compared to LP. The expression of OPN and CA9 was exclusively upregulated in the ASCs of LP. CONCLUSIONS The results provide evidence of variation in ASC performance not only between normal fat depots but also compared to LP cells which suggest a different molecular regulation controlling the cell fate. These data provided are useful when considering a source for cell replacement therapy in equine veterinary medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Arnhold
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Mohamed I. Elashry
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, 35516 Egypt
| | - Michele C. Klymiuk
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Florian Geburek
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Edwards W, Raetzman LT. Complex integration of intrinsic and peripheral signaling is required for pituitary gland development. Biol Reprod 2019; 99:504-513. [PMID: 29757344 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The coordination of pituitary development is complicated and requires input from multiple cellular processes. Recent research has provided insight into key molecular determinants that govern cell fate specification in the pituitary. Moreover, increasing research aimed to identify, characterize, and functionally describe the presumptive pituitary stem cell population has allowed for a better understanding of the processes that govern endocrine cell differentiation in the developing pituitary. The culmination of this research has led to the ability of investigators to recapitulate some of embryonic pituitary development in vitro, the first steps to developing novel regenerative therapies for pituitary diseases. In this current review, we cover the major players in pituitary stem/progenitor cell function and maintenance, and the key molecular determinants of endocrine cell specification. In addition, we discuss the contribution of peripheral hormonal regulation of pituitary gland development, an understudied area of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Whitney Edwards
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Lori T Raetzman
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cheung M, Tai A, Lu PJ, Cheah KS. Acquisition of multipotent and migratory neural crest cells in vertebrate evolution. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2019; 57:84-90. [PMID: 31470291 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of multipotent and migratory neural crest (NC) cells defines a key evolutionary transition from invertebrates to vertebrates. Studies in vertebrates have identified a complex gene regulatory network that governs sequential stages of NC ontogeny. Comparative analysis has revealed extensive conservation of the overall architecture of the NC gene regulatory network between jawless and jawed vertebrates. Among invertebrates, urochordates express putative NC gene homologs in the neural plate border region, but these NC-like cells do not have migratory capacity, whereas cephalochordates contain no NC cells but its genome contains most homologs of vertebrate NC genes. Whether the absence of migratory NC cells in invertebrates is due to differences in enhancer elements or an intrinsic limitation in potency remains unclear. We provide a brief overview of mechanisms that might explain how ancestral NC-like cells acquired the multipotency and migratory capacity seen in vertebrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Cheung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andrew Tai
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peter Jianning Lu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kathryn Se Cheah
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lee E, Piranlioglu R, Wicha MS, Korkaya H. Plasticity and Potency of Mammary Stem Cell Subsets During Mammary Gland Development. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092357. [PMID: 31085991 PMCID: PMC6539898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now widely believed that mammary epithelial cell plasticity, an important physiological process during the stages of mammary gland development, is exploited by the malignant cells for their successful disease progression. Normal mammary epithelial cells are heterogeneous and organized in hierarchical fashion, in which the mammary stem cells (MaSC) lie at the apex with regenerative capacity as well as plasticity. Despite the fact that the majority of studies supported the existence of multipotent MaSCs giving rise to both basal and luminal lineages, others proposed lineage restricted unipotent MaSCs. Consistent with the notion, the latest research has suggested that although normal MaSC subsets mainly stay in a quiescent state, they differ in their reconstituting ability, spatial localization, and molecular and epigenetic signatures in response to physiological stimuli within the respective microenvironment during the stages of mammary gland development. In this review, we will focus on current research on the biology of normal mammary stem cells with an emphasis on properties of cellular plasticity, self-renewal and quiescence, as well as the role of the microenvironment in regulating these processes. This will include a discussion of normal breast stem cell heterogeneity, stem cell markers, and lineage tracing studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunmi Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
| | - Raziye Piranlioglu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
| | - Max S Wicha
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Hasan Korkaya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Koliakou I, Gounari E, Nerantzaki M, Pavlidou E, Bikiaris D, Kaloyianni M, Koliakos G. Differentiation Capacity of Monocyte-Derived Multipotential Cells on Nanocomposite Poly(e-caprolactone)-Based Thin Films. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 16:161-175. [PMID: 30989043 PMCID: PMC6439045 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-019-00185-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Μonocyte-derived multipotential cells (MOMCs) include progenitors capable of differentiation into multiple cell lineages and thus represent an ideal autologous transplantable cell source for regenerative medicine. In this study, we cultured MOMCs, generated from mononuclear cells of peripheral blood, on the surface of nanocomposite thin films. Methods For this purpose, nanocomposite Poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL)-based thin films containing either 2.5 wt% silica nanotubes (SiO2ntbs) or strontium hydroxyapatite nanorods (SrHAnrds), were prepared using the spin-coating method. The induced differentiation capacity of MOMCs, towards bone and endothelium, was estimated using flow cytometry, real-time polymerase chain reaction, scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy after cells' genetic modification using the Sleeping Beauty Transposon System aiming their observation onto the scaffolds. Moreover, Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stromal Cells were cultivated as a control cell line, while Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells were used to strengthen and accelerate the differentiation procedure in semi-permeable culture systems. Finally, the cytotoxicity of the studied materials was checked with MTT assay. Results The highest differentiation capacity of MOMCs was observed on PCL/SiO2ntbs 2.5 wt% nanocomposite film, as they progressively lost their native markers and gained endothelial lineage, in both protein and transcriptional level. In addition, the presence of SrHAnrds in the PCL matrix triggered processes related to osteoblast bone formation. Conclusion To conclude, the differentiation of MOMCs was selectively guided by incorporating SiO2ntbs or SrHAnrds into a polymeric matrix, for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iro Koliakou
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloníki, Greece
- Biohellenika Biotechnology Company, 65 Leoforos Georgikis Scholis, 57001 Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Eleni Gounari
- Biohellenika Biotechnology Company, 65 Leoforos Georgikis Scholis, 57001 Thessaloníki, Greece
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Maria Nerantzaki
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloníki, Greece
- PHysico-Chimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes InterfaciauX (PHENIX), Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Eleni Pavlidou
- Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Bikiaris
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - Martha Kaloyianni
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloníki, Greece
| | - George Koliakos
- Biohellenika Biotechnology Company, 65 Leoforos Georgikis Scholis, 57001 Thessaloníki, Greece
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloníki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Good Z, Borges L, Vivanco Gonzalez N, Sahaf B, Samusik N, Tibshirani R, Nolan GP, Bendall SC. Proliferation tracing with single-cell mass cytometry optimizes generation of stem cell memory-like T cells. Nat Biotechnol 2019; 37:259-266. [PMID: 30742126 PMCID: PMC6521980 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-019-0033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Selective differentiation of naive T cells into multipotent T cells is of great interest clinically for the generation of cell-based cancer immunotherapies. Cellular differentiation depends crucially on division state and time. Here we adapt a dye dilution assay for tracking cell proliferative history through mass cytometry and uncouple division, time and regulatory protein expression in single naive human T cells during their activation and expansion in a complex ex vivo milieu. Using 23 markers, we defined groups of proteins controlled predominantly by division state or time and found that undivided cells account for the majority of phenotypic diversity. We next built a map of cell state changes during naive T-cell expansion. By examining cell signaling on this map, we rationally selected ibrutinib, a BTK and ITK inhibitor, and administered it before T cell activation to direct differentiation toward a T stem cell memory (TSCM)-like phenotype. This method for tracing cell fate across division states and time can be broadly applied for directing cellular differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zinaida Good
- PhD Program in Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Baxter Laboratory in Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Luciene Borges
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nora Vivanco Gonzalez
- PhD Program in Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bita Sahaf
- Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nikolay Samusik
- Baxter Laboratory in Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robert Tibshirani
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Garry P Nolan
- Baxter Laboratory in Stem Cell Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sean C Bendall
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Guo L, Wang X, Yuan J, Zhu M, Fu X, Xu RH, Wu C, Wu Y. TSA restores hair follicle-inductive capacity of skin-derived precursors. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2867. [PMID: 30814580 PMCID: PMC6393485 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39394-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The genesis of the hair follicle relies on signals derived from mesenchymal cells in the dermis during skin morphogenesis and regeneration. Multipotent skin-derived precursors (SKPs), which exhibit long term proliferation potential when being cultured in spheroids, have been shown to induce hair genesis and hair follicle regeneration in mice, implying a therapeutic potential of SKPs in hair follicle regeneration and bioengineering. However, the hair-inductive property of SKPs declines progressively upon ex vivo culture expansion, suggesting that the expressions of the genes responsible for hair induction are epigenetically unstable. In this study, we found that TSA markedly alleviated culture expansion induced SKP senescence, increased the expression and activity of alkaline phosphatase (AP) in the cells and importantly restored the hair inductive capacity of SKPs. TSA increased the acetylation level of histone H3, including the K19/14 sites in the promoter regions of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) genes, which were associated with elevated gene expression and BMP signaling activity, suggesting a potential attribution of BMP pathway in TSA induced recovery of the hair inductive capacity of SKPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, and the the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, and Department of Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, and the the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, and Department of Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jifan Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, and Department of Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meishu Zhu
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Stem Cell and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Ren-He Xu
- University of Macau, Institute of Translational Medicine, and Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Chuanyue Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
| | - Yaojiong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, and the the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Eggerschwiler B, Canepa DD, Pape HC, Casanova EA, Cinelli P. Automated digital image quantification of histological staining for the analysis of the trilineage differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:69. [PMID: 30808403 PMCID: PMC6390603 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to repair and regenerate damaged tissues and are considered as attractive candidates for the development of cell-based regenerative therapies. Currently, there are more than 200 clinical trials involving the use of MSCs for a wide variety of indications. However, variations in their isolation, expansion, and particularly characterization have made the interpretation of study outcomes or the rigorous assessment of therapeutic efficacy difficult. An unbiased characterization of MSCs is of major importance and essential to guaranty that only the most suitable cells will be used. The development of standardized and reproducible assays to predict MSC potency is therefore mandatory. The currently used quantification methodologies for the determination of the trilineage potential of MSCs are usually based on absorbance measurements which are imprecise and prone to errors. We therefore aimed at developing a methodology first offering a standardized way to objectively quantify the trilineage potential of MSC preparations and second allowing to discriminate functional differences between clonally expanded cell populations. METHOD MSCs originating from several patients were differentiated into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondroblasts for 14, 17, and 21 days. Differentiated cells were then stained with the classical dyes: Alizarin Red S for osteoblasts, Oil Red O for adipocytes, and Alcian Blue 8GX for chondroblasts. Quantification of differentiation was then performed with our newly developed digital image analysis (DIA) tool followed by the classical absorbance measurement. The results from the two techniques were then compared. RESULT Quantification based on DIA allowed highly standardized and objective dye quantification with superior sensitivity compared to absorbance measurements. Furthermore, small differences between MSC lines in the differentiation potential were highlighted using DIA whereas no difference was detected using absorbance quantification. CONCLUSION Our approach represents a novel method that simplifies the laboratory procedures not only for the quantification of histological dyes and the degree of differentiation of MSCs, but also due to its color independence, it can be easily adapted for the quantification of a wide range of staining procedures in histology. The method is easily applicable since it is based on open source software and standard light microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Eggerschwiler
- Department of Trauma, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Life Science Zurich Graduate School, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daisy D. Canepa
- Department of Trauma, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Life Science Zurich Graduate School, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Christoph Pape
- Department of Trauma, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisa A. Casanova
- Department of Trauma, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Cinelli
- Department of Trauma, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Smieszek A, Kornicka K, Szłapka-Kosarzewska J, Androvic P, Valihrach L, Langerova L, Rohlova E, Kubista M, Marycz K. Metformin Increases Proliferative Activity and Viability of Multipotent Stromal Stem Cells Isolated from Adipose Tissue Derived from Horses with Equine Metabolic Syndrome. Cells 2019; 8:E80. [PMID: 30678275 PMCID: PMC6406832 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the influence of metformin (MF) on proliferation and viability of adipose-derived stromal cells isolated from horses (EqASCs). We determined the effect of metformin on cell metabolism in terms of mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative status. Our purpose was to evaluate the metformin effect on cells derived from healthy horses (EqASCHE) and individuals affected by equine metabolic syndrome (EqASCEMS). The cells were treated with 0.5 μM MF for 72 h. The proliferative activity was evaluated based on the measurement of BrdU incorporation during DNA synthesis, as well as population doubling time rate (PDT) and distribution of EqASCs in the cell cycle. The influence of metformin on EqASC viability was determined in relation to apoptosis profile, mitochondrial membrane potential, oxidative stress markers and BAX/BCL-2 mRNA ratio. Further, we were interested in possibility of metformin affecting the Wnt3a signalling pathway and, thus, we determined mRNA and protein level of WNT3A and β-catenin. Finally, using a two-tailed RT-qPCR method, we investigated the expression of miR-16-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-140-3p and miR-145-5p. Obtained results indicate pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects of metformin on EqASCs. In this study, MF significantly improved proliferation of EqASCs, which manifested in increased synthesis of DNA and lowered PDT value. Additionally, metformin improved metabolism and viability of cells, which correlated with higher mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced apoptosis and increased WNT3A/β-catenin expression. Metformin modulates the miRNA expression differently in EqASCHE and EqASCEMS. Metformin may be used as a preconditioning agent which stimulates proliferative activity and viability of EqASCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Smieszek
- Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Kornicka
- Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Szłapka-Kosarzewska
- Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Peter Androvic
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, Biocev, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic.
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Lukas Valihrach
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, Biocev, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Langerova
- Gene Core BIOCEV, Průmyslová 595, Vestec 252 50, Czech Republic.
| | - Eva Rohlova
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, Biocev, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic.
- Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Mikael Kubista
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, Biocev, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic.
- TATAA Biocenter AB, 411 03 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic-Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Advances in single-cell transcriptome profiling have contributed to new insights into the cellular states and underlying regulatory networks that govern lineage commitment. Such cell states include multipotent progenitors that can manifest as mixed-lineage patterns of gene expression at a single-cell level. Multipotent and other self-renewing progenitors are often difficult to isolate and characterized by subtle transcriptional differences that are challenging to define. This chapter examines the application of newly developed analytical tools to define heterogeneity in diverse stem cell and multipotent progenitor populations from single-cell RNA-Seq data. In addition to the methodology and output of these approaches, we explore their application to diverse single-cell technologies (e.g., Fluidigm, Drop-Seq, 10× Genomics Chromium) and their usability by computational and non-computational biologists. We focus specifically on the use of one tool, called Iterative Clustering and Guide-gene Selection (ICGS), which has been shown to uncover novel committed, transitional, and metastable progenitor cell states. As a component of the AltAnalyze toolkit, ICGS provides advanced methods to evaluate cellular heterogeneity in combination with regulatory prediction, pathway, and alternative splicing analyses. We walk through the individual steps required to perform these analyses in hematopoietic and embryonic kidney progenitor datasets in both graphical user and command-line interfaces. By the end of this chapter, users should be able to analyze their own single-cell RNA-Seq data and obtain deeper insights into the regulatory biology of the discovered cell states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Salomonis
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Somatic stem cells confer plasticity to adult tissues, permitting their maintenance, repair and adaptation to a changing environment. Adult germinal niches supporting somatic stem cells have been thoroughly characterized throughout the organism, including in central and peripheral nervous systems. Stem cells do not reside alone within their niches, but they are rather accompanied by multiple progenitor cells that not only contribute to the progression of stem cell lineage but also regulate their behavior. Understanding the mechanisms underlying these interactions within the niche is crucial to comprehend associated pathologies and to use stem cells in cell therapy. We have described a stunning germinal niche in the adult peripheral nervous system: the carotid body. This is a chemoreceptor organ with a crucial function during physiological adaptation to hypoxia. We have shown the presence of multipotent stem cells within this niche, escorted by multiple restricted progenitor cell types that contribute to niche physiology and hence organismal adaptation to the lack of oxygen. Herein, we discuss new and existing data about the nature of all these stem and progenitor cell types present in the carotid body germinal niche, discussing their role in physiology and their clinical relevance for the treatment of diverse pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Sobrino
- Dpto. de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Valentina Annese
- Dpto. de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ricardo Pardal
- Dpto. de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chiarella E, Aloisio A, Scicchitano S, Lucchino V, Montalcini Y, Galasso O, Greco M, Gasparini G, Mesuraca M, Bond HM, Morrone G. ZNF521 Represses Osteoblastic Differentiation in Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124095. [PMID: 30567301 PMCID: PMC6321315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) are multipotent mesenchymal cells that can differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes. During osteoblastogenesis, the osteoprogenitor cells differentiate into mature osteoblasts and synthesize bone matrix components. Zinc finger protein 521 (ZNF521/Zfp521) is a transcription co-factor implicated in the regulation of hematopoietic, neural, and mesenchymal stem cells, where it has been shown to inhibit adipogenic differentiation. The present study is aimed at determining the effects of ZNF521 on the osteoblastic differentiation of hADSCs to clarify whether it can influence their osteogenic commitment. The enforced expression or silencing of ZNF521 in hADSCs was achieved by lentiviral vector transduction. Cells were cultured in a commercial osteogenic medium for up to 20 days. The ZNF521 enforced expression significantly reduced osteoblast development as assessed by the morphological and molecular criteria, resulting in reduced levels of collagen I, alkaline phosphatase, osterix, osteopontin, and calcium deposits. Conversely, ZNF521 silencing, in response to osteoblastic stimuli, induced a significant increase in early molecular markers of osteogenesis and, at later stages, a remarkable enhancement of matrix mineralization. Together with our previous findings, these results show that ZNF521 inhibits both adipocytic and osteoblastic maturation in hADSCs and suggest that its expression may contribute to maintaining the immature properties of hADSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Chiarella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, University "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Aloisio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, University "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Stefania Scicchitano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, University "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Valeria Lucchino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, University "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn 53127, Germany.
| | - Ylenia Montalcini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, University "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Olimpio Galasso
- Department of Orthopedic & Trauma Surgery, University "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Manfredi Greco
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Gasparini
- Department of Orthopedic & Trauma Surgery, University "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Maria Mesuraca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, University "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Heather M Bond
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, University "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Morrone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, University "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Pokrywczynska M, Jundzill A, Rasmus M, Adamowicz J, Balcerczyk D, Buhl M, Warda K, Buchholz L, Gagat M, Grzanka D, Drewa T. Understanding the role of mesenchymal stem cells in urinary bladder regeneration-a preclinical study on a porcine model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:328. [PMID: 30486856 PMCID: PMC6260700 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tissue engineering of urinary bladder advances rapidly reflecting clinical need for a new kind of therapeutic solution for patients requiring urinary bladder replacement. Majority of the bladder augmentation studies have been performed in small rodent or rabbit models. Insufficient number of studies examining regenerative capacity of tissue-engineered graft in urinary bladder augmentation in a large animal model does not allow for successful translation of this technology to the clinical setting. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in regeneration of clinically significant urinary bladder wall defect in a large animal model. METHODS ADSCs isolated from a superficial abdominal Camper's fascia were labeled with PKH-26 tracking dye and subsequently seeded into bladder acellular matrix (BAM) grafts. Pigs underwent hemicystectomy followed by augmentation cystoplasty with BAM only (n = 10) or BAM seeded with autologous ADSCs (n = 10). Reconstructed bladders were subjected to macroscopic, histological, immunofluoresence, molecular, and radiological evaluations at 3 months post-augmentation. RESULTS Sixteen animals (n = 8 for each group) survived the 3-month follow-up without serious complications. Tissue-engineered bladder function was normal without any signs of post-voiding urine residual in bladders and in the upper urinary tracts. ADSCs enhanced regeneration of tissue-engineered urinary bladder but the process was incomplete in the central graft region. Only a small percentage of implanted ADSCs survived and differentiated into smooth muscle and endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS The data demonstrate that ADSCs support regeneration of large defects of the urinary bladder wall but the process is incomplete in the central graft region. Stem cells enhance urinary bladder regeneration indirectly through paracrine effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pokrywczynska
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Chair of Urology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Marii Sklodowskiej Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Jundzill
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Chair of Urology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Marii Sklodowskiej Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Rasmus
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Chair of Urology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Marii Sklodowskiej Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jan Adamowicz
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Chair of Urology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Marii Sklodowskiej Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Daria Balcerczyk
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Chair of Urology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Marii Sklodowskiej Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Monika Buhl
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Chair of Urology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Marii Sklodowskiej Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Karolina Warda
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Chair of Urology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Marii Sklodowskiej Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Lukasz Buchholz
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Chair of Urology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Marii Sklodowskiej Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Gagat
- Department of Embryology and Histology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Dariusz Grzanka
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Drewa
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Chair of Urology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Marii Sklodowskiej Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yeon JY, Hwang JY, Lee HW, Pyeon HJ, Won JS, Noh YJ, Nam H, Joo KM. Optimized Clump Culture Methods for Adult Human Multipotent Neural Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113380. [PMID: 30380605 PMCID: PMC6274905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult human multipotent neural cell (ahMNC) is a candidate for regeneration therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we developed a primary clump culture method for ahMNCs to increase the efficiency of isolation and in vitro expansion. The same amount of human temporal lobe (1 g) was partially digested and then filtered through strainers with various pore sizes, resulting in four types of clumps: Clump I > 100 µm, 70 µm < Clump II < 100 µm, 40 µm < Clump III < 70 µm, and Clump IV < 40 µm. At 3 and 6 days after culture, Clump II showed significantly higher number of colonies than the other Clumps. Moreover, ahMNCs derived from Clump II (ahMNCs-Clump II) showed stable proliferation, and shortened the time to first passage from 19 to 15 days, and the time to 1 × 109 cells from 42 to 34 days compared with the previous single-cell method. ahMNCs-Clump II had neural differentiation and pro-angiogenic potentials, which are the characteristics of ahMNCs. In conclusion, the novel clump culture method for ahMNCs has significantly higher efficiency than previous techniques. Considering the small amount of available human brain tissue, the clump culture method would promote further clinical applications of ahMNCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Je Young Yeon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea.
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea.
| | - Ji-Yoon Hwang
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea.
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Hee-Jang Pyeon
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea.
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Jeong-Seob Won
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea.
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea.
| | - Yoo-Jung Noh
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea.
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Hyun Nam
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea.
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Kyeung Min Joo
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea.
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Vogel MAA, Jocken JWE, Sell H, Hoebers N, Essers Y, Rouschop KMA, Cajlakovic M, Blaak EE, Goossens GH. Differences in Upper and Lower Body Adipose Tissue Oxygen Tension Contribute to the Adipose Tissue Phenotype in Humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:3688-3697. [PMID: 30020463 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES Upper and lower body adipose tissue (AT) exhibits opposing associations with obesity-related cardiometabolic diseases. Recent studies have suggested that altered AT oxygen tension (pO2) may contribute to AT dysfunction. Here, we compared in vivo abdominal (ABD) and femoral (FEM) subcutaneous AT pO2 in women who are overweight and have obesity, and investigated the effects of physiological AT pO2 on human adipocyte function. DESIGN ABD and FEM subcutaneous AT pO2 and AT blood flow (ATBF) were assessed in eight [BMI (body mass index) 34.4 ± 1.6 kg/m2] postmenopausal women who were overweight with obesity and impaired glucose metabolism. ABD and FEM AT biopsy specimens were collected to determine adipocyte morphology and AT gene expression. Moreover, the effects of prolonged exposure (14 days) to physiological AT pO2 on adipokine expression/secretion, mitochondrial respiration, and glucose uptake were investigated in differentiated human multipotent adipose-derived stem cells. RESULTS AT pO2 was higher in ABD than FEM AT (62.7 ± 6.6 vs 50.0 ± 4.5 mm Hg, P = 0.013), whereas ATBF was comparable between depots. Maximal uncoupled oxygen consumption rates were substantially lower in ABD than FEM adipocytes for all pO2 conditions. Low physiological pO2 (5% O2) decreased proinflammatory gene expression, increased basal glucose uptake, and altered adipokine secretion in ABD and FEM adipocytes. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated for the first time, to our knowledge, that AT pO2 is higher in ABD than FEM subcutaneous AT in women who are overweight/with obesity, partly due to a lower oxygen consumption rate in ABD adipocytes. Moreover, low physiological pO2 decreased proinflammatory gene expression and improved the metabolic phenotype in differentiated human adipocytes, whereas more heterogeneous effects on adipokine secretion were found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max A A Vogel
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Johan W E Jocken
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Henrike Sell
- Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology, German Diabetes Center, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole Hoebers
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Essers
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Kasper M A Rouschop
- Maastricht Radiation Oncology (MaastRO) Laboratory, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Merima Cajlakovic
- Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, MATERIALS-Institute for Surface Technologies and Photonic, Sensors and Functional Printing, Weiz, Austria
| | - Ellen E Blaak
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Gijs H Goossens
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang Y, Zhao R, Liu D, Deng W, Xu G, Liu W, Rong J, Long X, Ge J, Shi B. Exosomes Derived from miR-214-Enriched Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regulate Oxidative Damage in Cardiac Stem Cells by Targeting CaMKII. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018; 2018:4971261. [PMID: 30159114 PMCID: PMC6109555 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4971261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac stem cells (CSCs) have emerged as one of the most promising stem cells for cardiac protection. Recently, exosomes from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been found to facilitate cell proliferation and survival by transporting various bioactive molecules, including microRNAs (miRs). In this study, we found that BMSC-derived exosomes (BMSC-exos) significantly decreased apoptosis rates and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in CSCs after oxidative stress injury. Moreover, a stronger effect was induced by exosomes collected from BMSCs cultured under hypoxic conditions (Hypoxic-exos) than those collected from BMSCs cultured under normal conditions (Nor-exos). We also observed greater miR-214 enrichment in Hypoxic-exos than in Nor-exos. In addition, a miR-214 inhibitor or mimics added to modulate miR-214 levels in BMSC-exos revealed that exosomes from miR-214-depleted BMSCs partially reversed the effects of hypoxia-induced exosomes on oxidative damage in CSCs. These data further confirmed that miR-214 is the main effector molecule in BMSC-exos that protects CSCs from oxidative damage. miR-214 mimic and inhibitor transfection assays verified that CaMKII is a target gene of miR-214 in CSCs, with exosome-pretreated CSCs exhibiting increased miR-214 levels but decreased CaMKII levels. Therefore, the miR-214/CaMKII axis regulates oxidative stress-related injury in CSCs, such as apoptosis, calcium homeostasis disequilibrium, and excessive ROS accumulation. Collectively, these findings suggest that BMSCs release miR-214-containing exosomes to suppress oxidative stress injury in CSCs through CaMKII silencing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Ranzun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Debin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shantou Glory Hospital, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Wenwen Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Guanxue Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jidong Rong
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Xianping Long
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563000, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Schoenborn AA, von Furstenberg RJ, Valsaraj S, Hussain FS, Stein M, Shanahan MT, Henning SJ, Gulati AS. The enteric microbiota regulates jejunal Paneth cell number and function without impacting intestinal stem cells. Gut Microbes 2018; 10:45-58. [PMID: 29883265 PMCID: PMC6363071 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2018.1474321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Paneth cells (PCs) are epithelial cells found in the small intestine, next to intestinal stem cells (ISCs) at the base of the crypts. PCs secrete antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that regulate the commensal gut microbiota. In contrast, little is known regarding how the enteric microbiota reciprocally influences PC function. In this study, we sought to characterize the impact of the enteric microbiota on PC biology in the mouse small intestine. This was done by first enumerating jejunal PCs in germ-free (GF) versus conventionally raised (CR) mice. We next evaluated the possible functional consequences of altered PC biology in these experimental groups by assessing epithelial proliferation, ISC numbers, and the production of AMPs. We found that PC numbers were significantly increased in CR versus GF mice; however, there were no differences in ISC numbers or cycling activity between groups. Of the AMPs assessed, only Reg3γ transcript expression was significantly increased in CR mice. Intriguingly, this increase was abrogated in cultured CR versus GF enteroids, and could not be re-induced with various bacterial ligands. Our findings demonstrate the enteric microbiota regulates PC function by increasing PC numbers and inducing Reg3γ expression, though the latter effect may not involve direct interactions between bacteria and the intestinal epithelium. In contrast, the enteric microbiota does not appear to regulate jejunal ISC census and proliferation. These are critical findings for investigators using GF mice and the enteroid system to study PC and ISC biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexi A Schoenborn
- a Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
- b Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
| | - Richard J von Furstenberg
- a Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
- c Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
| | - Smrithi Valsaraj
- a Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
- b Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
| | - Farah S Hussain
- a Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
- c Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
| | - Molly Stein
- a Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
- b Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
| | - Michael T Shanahan
- a Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
- c Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
| | - Susan J Henning
- a Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
- c Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
- d Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
| | - Ajay S Gulati
- a Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
- b Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
- e Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Cianflone E, Aquila I, Scalise M, Marotta P, Torella M, Nadal-Ginard B, Torella D. Molecular basis of functional myogenic specification of Bona Fide multipotent adult cardiac stem cells. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:927-946. [PMID: 29862928 PMCID: PMC6103696 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1464852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) remains the developed world's number one killer. The improved survival from Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) and the progressive aging of western population brought to an increased incidence of chronic Heart Failure (HF), which assumed epidemic proportions nowadays. Except for heart transplantation, all treatments for HF should be considered palliative because none of the current therapies can reverse myocardial degeneration responsible for HF syndrome. To stop the HF epidemic will ultimately require protocols to reduce the progressive cardiomyocyte (CM) loss and to foster their regeneration. It is now generally accepted that mammalian CMs renew throughout life. However, this endogenous regenerative reservoir is insufficient to repair the extensive damage produced by AMI/IHD while the source and degree of CM turnover remains strongly disputed. Independent groups have convincingly shown that the adult myocardium harbors bona-fide tissue specific cardiac stem cells (CSCs). Unfortunately, recent reports have challenged the identity and the endogenous myogenic capacity of the c-kit expressing CSCs. This has hampered progress and unless this conflict is settled, clinical tests of repair/regenerative protocols are unlikely to provide convincing answers about their clinical potential. Here we review recent data that have eventually clarified the specific phenotypic identity of true multipotent CSCs. These cells when coaxed by embryonic cardiac morphogens undergo a precisely orchestrated myogenic commitment process robustly generating bona-fide functional cardiomyocytes. These data should set the path for the revival of further investigation untangling the regenerative biology of adult CSCs to harness their potential for HF prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cianflone
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Iolanda Aquila
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariangela Scalise
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pina Marotta
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Torella
- Department of Cardiothoracic Sciences, University of Campania Campus “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa- Loc. Germaneto “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Bernardo Nadal-Ginard
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniele Torella
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Smith GH, Medina D. Does the Mouse Mammary Gland Arise from Unipotent or Multipotent Mammary Stem/Progenitor Cells? J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2018; 23:1-3. [PMID: 29644495 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-018-9394-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of long-lived lineage restricted progenitor and multipotent progenitor cells in adult mouse mammary gland for cancer development is compelling. Mammary cancers are phenotypically diverse This might be explained by transformation of long-lived, lineage-limited progenitor subpopulations. Mammary multipotent epithelial stem cells and their environmental niches must be considered, since their niche(s), once empty might be occupied by lineage-limited progenitors that are proximal. The existence of premalignant mammary populationst that manifest characteristics of lineage limitation argues strongly for this proposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert H Smith
- Mammary Stem Cell Biology, BRL,CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Daniel Medina
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Vascular, resident stem cells are present in all 3 layers of the vessel wall; they play a role in vascular formation under physiological conditions and in remodeling in pathological situations. Throughout development and adult early life, resident stem cells participate in vessel formation through vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. In adults, the vascular stem cells are mostly quiescent in their niches but can be activated in response to injury and participate in endothelial repair and smooth muscle cell accumulation to form neointima. However, delineation of the characteristics and of the migration and differentiation behaviors of these stem cells is an area of ongoing investigation. A set of genetic mouse models for cell lineage tracing has been developed to specifically address the nature of these cells and both migration and differentiation processes during physiological angiogenesis and in vascular diseases. This review summarizes the current knowledge on resident stem cells, which has become more defined and refined in vascular biology research, thus contributing to the development of new potential therapeutic strategies to promote endothelial regeneration and ameliorate vascular disease development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- From the Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China (L.Z., T.C., Q.X.)
| | - Shirin Issa Bhaloo
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London, BHF Centre, United Kingdom (S.I.B., Q.X.)
| | - Ting Chen
- From the Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China (L.Z., T.C., Q.X.)
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academic of Sciences (B.Z.)
| | - Qingbo Xu
- From the Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China (L.Z., T.C., Q.X.)
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London, BHF Centre, United Kingdom (S.I.B., Q.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Blázquez R, Sánchez-Margallo FM, Álvarez V, Matilla E, Hernández N, Marinaro F, Gómez-Serrano M, Jorge I, Casado JG, Macías-García B. Murine embryos exposed to human endometrial MSCs-derived extracellular vesicles exhibit higher VEGF/PDGF AA release, increased blastomere count and hatching rates. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196080. [PMID: 29684038 PMCID: PMC5912768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (endMSCs) are multipotent cells with immunomodulatory and pro-regenerative activity which is mainly mediated by a paracrine effect. The exosomes released by MSCs have become a promising therapeutic tool for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases. More specifically, extracellular vesicles derived from endMSCs (EV-endMSCs) have demonstrated a cardioprotective effect through the release of anti-apoptotic and pro-angiogenic factors. Here we hypothesize that EV-endMSCs may be used as a co-adjuvant to improve in vitro fertilization outcomes and embryo quality. Firstly, endMSCs and EV-endMSCs were isolated and phenotypically characterized for in vitro assays. Then, in vitro studies were performed on murine embryos co-cultured with EV-endMSCs at different concentrations. Our results firstly demonstrated a significant increase on the total blastomere count of expanded murine blastocysts. Moreover, EV-endMSCs triggered the release of pro-angiogenic molecules from embryos demonstrating an EV-endMSCs concentration-dependent increase of VEGF and PDGF-AA. The release of VEGF and PDGF-AA by the embryos may indicate that the beneficial effect of EV-endMSCs could be mediating not only an increase in the blastocyst’s total cell number, but also may promote endometrial angiogenesis, vascularization, differentiation and tissue remodeling. In summary, these results could be relevant for assisted reproduction being the first report describing the beneficial effect of human EV-endMSCs on embryo development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Blázquez
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Miguel Sánchez-Margallo
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Álvarez
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Elvira Matilla
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Nuria Hernández
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Federica Marinaro
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - Inmaculada Jorge
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier G. Casado
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Beatriz Macías-García
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhang Y, Pan X, Shi Z, Cai H, Gao Y, Zhang W. Sustained release of stem cell factor in a double network hydrogel for ex vivo culture of cord blood-derived CD34 + cells. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12407. [PMID: 29143396 PMCID: PMC6528907 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Stem cell factor (SCF) is considered as a commonly indispensable cytokine for proliferation of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which is used in large dosages during ex vivo culture. The work presented here aimed to reduce the consumption of SCF by sustained release but still support cells proliferation and maintain the multipotency of HSCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Stem cell factor was physically encapsulated within a hyaluronic acid/gelatin double network (HGDN) hydrogel to achieve a slow release rate. CD34+ cells were cultured within the SCF-loaded HGDN hydrogel for 14 days. The cell number, phenotype and functional capacity were investigated after culture. RESULTS The HGDN hydrogels had desirable properties and encapsulated SCF kept being released for more than 6 days. SCF remained the native bioactivity, and the proliferation of HSCs within the SCF-loaded HGDN hydrogel was not affected, although the consumption of SCF was only a quarter in comparison with the conventional culture. Moreover, CD34+ cells harvested from the SCF-loaded HGDN hydrogels generated more multipotent colony-forming units (CFU-GEMM). CONCLUSION The data suggested that the SCF-loaded HGDN hydrogel could support ex vivo culture of HSCs, thus providing a cost-effective culture protocol for HSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringShanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials ChemistryEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China
| | - Xiuwei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringShanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials ChemistryEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China
| | - Zhen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringShanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials ChemistryEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China
| | - Haibo Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringShanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials ChemistryEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China
| | - Yun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringShanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials ChemistryEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China
| | - Weian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringShanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials ChemistryEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Peng W, Zhu S, Wang J, Chen L, Weng J, Chen S. Lnc-NTF3-5 promotes osteogenic differentiation of maxillary sinus membrane stem cells via sponging miR-93-3p. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2018; 20:110-121. [PMID: 29106055 PMCID: PMC5947825 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The function and the mechanism of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) on the osteogenic differentiation of maxillary sinus membrane stem cells (MSMSCs) remain largely unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of lnc-NTF3-5 and Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), Osterix (OSX), and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) was examined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in MSMSCs during the process osteogenic differentiation. Then the function of lnc-NTF3-5 was evaluated by loss- and gain-of-function techniques, as well as qRT-PCR, western blot, and Alizarin Red staining. In addition, the microRNAs (miRNAs) sponge potential of lnc-NTF3-5 was assessed through RNA immunoprecipitation, dual luciferase reporter assay, and in vivo ectopic bone formation. RESULTS Lnc-NTF3-5, RUNX2, OSX, and ALP increased alone with the differentiation. Inhibition of lnc-NTF3-5 decreased the expression of RUNX2, OSX, and ALP both at mRNA and protein levels. Alizarin red staining showed similar trend. In contrast, overexpression of lnc-NTF3-5 presented totally opposite effects. Besides, overexpression of lnc-NTF3-5 could decrease the expression of microRNA-93-3p (miR-93-3p). Enhance miR-93-3p could also inhibit the expression level of lnc-NTF3-5. RNA immunoprecipitation demonstrated that lnc-NTF3-5 is directly bound to miR-93-3p and dual luciferase reporter assay proved that miR-93-3p targets 3' UTR of RUNX2 to regulate its expression. Ultimately, in vivo bone formation study showed that lnc-NTF3-5 and miR-93-3p inhibitor co-transfection group displayed the strongest bone formation. CONCLUSIONS The novel pathway lnc-NTF3-5/miR-93-3p/RUNX2 could regulate osteogenic differentiation of MSMSCs and might serve as a therapeutic target for bone regeneration in the posterior maxilla.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Peng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of StomatologySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shuang‐Xi Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of StomatologySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of StomatologySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Li‐Li Chen
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jun‐Quan Weng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of StomatologyShenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical School, Jinan UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Song‐Ling Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of StomatologySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Di Liddo R, Bertalot T, Borean A, Pirola I, Argentoni A, Schrenk S, Cenzi C, Capelli S, Conconi MT, Parnigotto PP. Leucocyte and Platelet-rich Fibrin: a carrier of autologous multipotent cells for regenerative medicine. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:1840-1854. [PMID: 29314633 PMCID: PMC5824368 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The wound healing is a complex process wherein inflammation, proliferation and regeneration evolve according to a spatio-temporal pattern from the activation of coagulation cascade to the formation of a plug clot including fibrin matrix, blood-borne cells and cytokines/growth factors. Creating environments conducive to tissue repair, the haemoderivatives are commonly proposed for the treatment of hard-to-heal wounds. Here, we explored in vitro the intrinsic regenerative potentialities of a leucocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin product, known as CPL-MB, defining the stemness grade of cells sprouting from the haemoderivative. Using highly concentrated serum-based medium to simulate wound conditions, we isolated fibroblast-like cells (CPL-CMCs) adhering to plastic and showing stable in vitro propagation, heterogeneous stem cell expression pattern, endothelial adhesive properties and immunomodulatory profile. Due to their blood derivation and expression of CXCR4, CPL-CMCs have been suggested to be immature cells circulating in peripheral blood at quiescent state until activation by both coagulation event and inflammatory stimuli such as stromal-derived factor 1/SDF1. Expressing integrins (CD49f, CD103), vascular adhesion molecules (CD106, CD166), endoglin (CD105) and remodelling matrix enzymes (MMP2, MMP9, MMP13), they showed a transendothelial migratory potential besides multipotency. Taken together, our data suggested that a standardized, reliable and economically feasible blood product such as CPL-MB functions as an artificial stem cell niche that, under permissive conditions, originate ex vivo immature cells that could be useful for autologous stem cell-based therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Di Liddo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological SciencesUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
- Foundation for Biology and Regenerative MedicineTissue Engineering and Signaling (TES) ONLUSPadovaItaly
| | - Thomas Bertalot
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological SciencesUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Alessio Borean
- Department of Immunohematology and Transfusion MedicineSan Martino HospitalBellunoItaly
| | - Ivan Pirola
- Department of Immunohematology and Transfusion MedicineSan Martino HospitalBellunoItaly
| | - Alberto Argentoni
- Foundation for Biology and Regenerative MedicineTissue Engineering and Signaling (TES) ONLUSPadovaItaly
| | - Sandra Schrenk
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological SciencesUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Carola Cenzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological SciencesUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of DrugsSapienza University of RomeItaly
| | - Stefano Capelli
- Department of Immunohematology and Transfusion MedicineSan Martino HospitalBellunoItaly
| | - Maria Teresa Conconi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological SciencesUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
- Foundation for Biology and Regenerative MedicineTissue Engineering and Signaling (TES) ONLUSPadovaItaly
| | - Pier Paolo Parnigotto
- Foundation for Biology and Regenerative MedicineTissue Engineering and Signaling (TES) ONLUSPadovaItaly
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ude CC, Shamsul BS, Ng MH, Chen HC, Ohnmar H, Amaramalar SN, Rizal AR, Johan A, Norhamdan MY, Azizi M, Aminuddin BS, Ruszymah BHI. Long-term evaluation of osteoarthritis sheep knee, treated with TGF-β3 and BMP-6 induced multipotent stem cells. Exp Gerontol 2018; 104:43-51. [PMID: 29421350 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyaline articular cartilage, which protects the bones of diarthrodial joints from forces associated with load bearing, frictions, and impacts has very limited capacities for self-repair. Over the years, the trend of treatments has shifted to regenerations and researchers have been on the quest for a lasting regeneration. We evaluated the treatment of osteoarthritis by chondrogenically induced ADSCs and BMSCs for a long time functional recovery. METHODS Osteoarthritis was induced at the right knee of sheep by complete resection of ACL and medial meniscus. Stem cells from sheep were induced to chondrogenic lineage. Test sheep received 5 mls single doses of 2 × 107 autologous PKH26-labelled ADSCs or BMSCs, while controls received basal medium. Functional recovery of the knees was evaluated via electromyography. RESULTS Induced ADSCs had 625, 255, 393, 908, 409, 157 and 1062 folds increases of collagen I, collagen II, aggrecan, SOX9, cartilage oligomeric protein, chondroadherin and fibromodullin compare to uninduced cells, while BMSCs had 702, 657, 321, 276, 337, 233 and 1163 respectively; p = .001. Immunocytochemistry was positive for these chondrogenic markers. 12 months post-treatment, controls scored 4 in most regions using ICRS, while the treated had 8; P = .001. Regenerated cartilages were positive to PKH26 and demonstrated the presence of condensing cartilages on haematoxylin and eosin; and Safranin O. OA degenerations caused significant amplitude shift from right to left hind limb. After treatments, controls persisted with significant decreases; while treated samples regained balance. CONCLUSIONS Both ADSCs and BMSCs had increased chondrogenic gene expressions using TGF-β3 and BMP-6. The treated knees had improved cartilage scores; PKH26 can provide elongated tracking, while EMG results revealed improved joint recoveries. These could be suitable therapies for osteoarthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C C Ude
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, K.L, Malaysia; Bioartificial Organ and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp 57000, K.L, Malaysia
| | - B S Shamsul
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, K.L, Malaysia
| | - M H Ng
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, K.L, Malaysia
| | - H C Chen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Htwe Ohnmar
- Rehab Unit, Department of Orthopedic & Traumatology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, K.L, Malaysia
| | - S N Amaramalar
- Rehab Unit, Department of Orthopedic & Traumatology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, K.L, Malaysia
| | - A R Rizal
- Department of Orthopedic & Traumatology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, K.L, Malaysia.
| | - A Johan
- Department of Orthopedic & Traumatology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, K.L, Malaysia
| | - M Y Norhamdan
- Department of Orthopedic & Traumatology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, K.L, Malaysia
| | - M Azizi
- Bioartificial Organ and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp 57000, K.L, Malaysia
| | - B S Aminuddin
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, K.L, Malaysia; ENT Consultant Clinic, Ampang Putri Specialist Hospital, 68000 Ampang, Malaysia
| | - B H I Ruszymah
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, K.L, Malaysia; Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif Bandar Tun Razak Muda Abdul Aziz, Campus, 56000 K.L, Malaysia..
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Carrelha J, Meng Y, Kettyle LM, Luis TC, Norfo R, Alcolea V, Boukarabila H, Grasso F, Gambardella A, Grover A, Högstrand K, Lord AM, Sanjuan-Pla A, Woll PS, Nerlov C, Jacobsen SEW. Hierarchically related lineage-restricted fates of multipotent haematopoietic stem cells. Nature 2018; 554:106-111. [PMID: 29298288 DOI: 10.1038/nature25455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Rare multipotent haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in adult bone marrow with extensive self-renewal potential can efficiently replenish all myeloid and lymphoid blood cells, securing long-term multilineage reconstitution after physiological and clinical challenges such as chemotherapy and haematopoietic transplantations. HSC transplantation remains the only curative treatment for many haematological malignancies, but inefficient blood-lineage replenishment remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Single-cell transplantation has uncovered considerable heterogeneity among reconstituting HSCs, a finding that is supported by studies of unperturbed haematopoiesis and may reflect different propensities for lineage-fate decisions by distinct myeloid-, lymphoid- and platelet-biased HSCs. Other studies suggested that such lineage bias might reflect generation of unipotent or oligopotent self-renewing progenitors within the phenotypic HSC compartment, and implicated uncoupling of the defining HSC properties of self-renewal and multipotency. Here we use highly sensitive tracking of progenitors and mature cells of the megakaryocyte/platelet, erythroid, myeloid and B and T cell lineages, produced from singly transplanted HSCs, to reveal a highly organized, predictable and stable framework for lineage-restricted fates of long-term self-renewing HSCs. Most notably, a distinct class of HSCs adopts a fate towards effective and stable replenishment of a megakaryocyte/platelet-lineage tree but not of other blood cell lineages, despite sustained multipotency. No HSCs contribute exclusively to any other single blood-cell lineage. Single multipotent HSCs can also fully restrict towards simultaneous replenishment of megakaryocyte, erythroid and myeloid lineages without executing their sustained lymphoid lineage potential. Genetic lineage-tracing analysis also provides evidence for an important role of platelet-biased HSCs in unperturbed adult haematopoiesis. These findings uncover a limited repertoire of distinct HSC subsets, defined by a predictable and hierarchical propensity to adopt a fate towards replenishment of a restricted set of blood lineages, before loss of self-renewal and multipotency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Carrelha
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Yiran Meng
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Laura M Kettyle
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Wallenberg Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden
| | - Tiago C Luis
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Ruggiero Norfo
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Verónica Alcolea
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Hanane Boukarabila
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Francesca Grasso
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden
- Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden
| | - Adriana Gambardella
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Amit Grover
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Kari Högstrand
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Wallenberg Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden
| | - Allegra M Lord
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Wallenberg Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden
| | - Alejandra Sanjuan-Pla
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Petter S Woll
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden
- Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden
| | - Claus Nerlov
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Sten Eirik W Jacobsen
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Wallenberg Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden
- Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
The development of mature blood cells from haematopoietic stem cells has long served as a model for stem-cell research, with the haematopoietic differentiation tree being widely used as a model for the maintenance of hierarchically organized tissues. Recent results and new technologies have challenged the demarcations between stem and progenitor cell populations, the timing of cell-fate choices and the contribution of stem and multipotent progenitor cells to the maintenance of steady-state blood production. These evolving views of haematopoiesis have broad implications for our understanding of the functions of adult stem cells, as well as the development of new therapies for malignant and non-malignant haematopoietic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Laurenti
- Department of Haematology and Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Haematology and Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK
| |
Collapse
|