1
|
Kruppa J, Kanbar OZ, Tóth-Lencsés KA, Kiss E, Bóna L, Lantos C, Pauk J. Induction of Triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) In Vitro Androgenesis in Anther Cultures of F 1 Hybrid Combinations, Varieties and Homogeneity Testing of Offspring Generation. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1970. [PMID: 37895352 PMCID: PMC10608130 DOI: 10.3390/life13101970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In cereal breeding, in vitro androgenesis methods are frequently applied to achieve doubled haploid (DH) plants. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of genotype (three registered varieties and eight F1 crossing combinations) and induction medium (W14mf and P4mf) on anther cultures (ACs) of triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack). Androgenesis was induced in the treatment of each tested genotype, and the genotype significantly influenced the efficiency of AC, including in embryo-like structures (ELSs), albinos, green plantlets, and transplanted plantlets. The utilized medium also had a significant effect on the number of ELSs, albinos, and transplanted plantlets. Both media were suitable for AC in triticale DH plant production. The efficiency of AC was higher when using the P4mf medium (103.7 ELS/100 anthers, 19.7 green plantlets/100 anthers) than when using the W14mf medium (90.0 ELS/100 anthers, 17.0 green plantlets/100 anthers). However, the green plantlet regeneration efficiency of microspore-derived structures was 18.0% when using the W14mf medium, while this value was 15.9% in the case of ELSs induced with the P4mf medium. After nursery seed evaluation and propagation (DH1), the genetic homogeneity of the offspring generation (DH2) was tested using a molecular genetic method. Most of the tested DH lines showed homogeneity and were progressed into a breeding program after agronomic selection. Some DH lines showed inhomogeneity, which could be explained by the outcross inclination of triticale. We would like to call breeders' attention to the outcross character of triticale and emphasize the vigilant propagation and maintenance of the triticale DH lines in breeding programs. Due to the outcross nature of triticale, even in self-pollinated genotypes, breeders should focus on careful maintenance, along with isolation in the case of line propagations, in triticale breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kitti Andrea Tóth-Lencsés
- Molecular Genetics and Breeding Group, Department of Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology (GBI), Szent István Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-2103 Gödöllő, Hungary; (K.A.T.-L.); (E.K.)
| | - Erzsébet Kiss
- Molecular Genetics and Breeding Group, Department of Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology (GBI), Szent István Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-2103 Gödöllő, Hungary; (K.A.T.-L.); (E.K.)
| | - Lajos Bóna
- Cereal Research Non-Profit Ltd., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (O.Z.K.); (L.B.)
| | - Csaba Lantos
- Cereal Research Non-Profit Ltd., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (O.Z.K.); (L.B.)
| | - János Pauk
- Cereal Research Non-Profit Ltd., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (O.Z.K.); (L.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Metabolomic Changes as Key Factors of Green Plant Regeneration Efficiency of Triticale In Vitro Anther Culture. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010163. [PMID: 36611956 PMCID: PMC9818285 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Green plant regeneration efficiency (GPRE) via in vitro anther culture results from biochemical pathways and cycle dysfunctions that may affect DNA and histone methylation, with gene expression influencing whole cell functioning. The reprogramming from gametophytic to sporophytic fate is part of the phenomenon. While DNA methylation and sequence changes related to the GPRE have been described, little attention was paid to the biochemical aspects of the phenomenon. Furthermore, only a few theoretical models that describe the complex relationships between biochemical aspects of GPRE and the role of Cu(II) ions in the induction medium and as cofactors of enzymatic reactions have been developed. Still, none of these models are devoted directly to the biochemical level. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used in the current study to analyze triticale regenerants derived under various in vitro tissue culture conditions, including different Cu(II) and Ag(I) ion concentrations in the induction medium and anther culture times. The FTIR spectra of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), glutathione, and pectins in parallel with the Cu(II) ions, as well as the evaluated GPRE values, were put into the structural equation model (SEM). The data demonstrate the relationships between SAM, glutathione, pectins, and Cu(II) in the induction medium and how they affect GPRE. The SEM reflects the cell functioning under in vitro conditions and varying Cu(II) concentrations. In the presented model, the players are the Krebs and Yang cycles, the transsulfuration pathway controlled by Cu(II) ions acting as cofactors of enzymatic reactions, and the pectins of the primary cell wall.
Collapse
|
3
|
S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine and Cu(II) Impact Green Plant Regeneration Efficiency. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172700. [PMID: 36078107 PMCID: PMC9454820 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological improvement of triticale, a cereal of increasing importance in agriculture, may be accelerated via the production of doubled haploid lines using in vitro culture. Among the relevant factors affecting the culture efficiency are Cu(II) or Ag(I) acting, e.g., as cofactors of enzymes. The copper ions are known to positively affect green plant regeneration efficiency. However, the biochemical basis, mainly its role in the generation of in vitro-induced genetic and epigenetic variation and green plant regeneration efficiency, is not well understood. Here, we employed structural equation modeling to evaluate the relationship between de novo DNA methylation affecting the asymmetric context of CHH sequences, the methylation-sensitive Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism related sequence variation, and the concentration of Cu(II) and Ag(I) ions in induction media, as well as their effect on S-adenosyl-L-methionine perturbations, observed using FTIR spectroscopy, and the green plant regeneration efficiency. Our results allowed the construction of a theory-based model reflecting the biological phenomena associated with green plant regeneration efficiency. Furthermore, it is shown that Cu(II) ions in induction media affect plant regeneration, and by manipulating their concentration, the regeneration efficiency can be altered. Additionally, S-adenosyl-L-methionine is involved in the efficiency of green plant regeneration through methylation of the asymmetric CHH sequence related to de novo methylation. This shows that the Yang cycle may impact the production of green regenerants.
Collapse
|
4
|
Triticale doubled haploid plant regeneration factors linked by structural equation modeling. J Appl Genet 2022; 63:677-690. [PMID: 36018540 PMCID: PMC9637073 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-022-00719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Triticale regeneration via anther culture faces many difficulties, e.g., a low percentage of regenerated plants and the presence of albinos. Plant regeneration may be affected by abiotic stresses and by ingredients added to the induction medium. The latter influences biochemical pathways and plant regeneration efficiency. Among such ingredients, copper and silver ions acting as cofactors for enzymatic reactions are of interest. However, their role in plant tissue cultures and relationships with biochemical pathways has not been studied yet. The study evaluated relationships between DNA methylation, changes in DNA sequence variation, and green plant regeneration efficiency influenced by copper and silver ions during triticale plant regeneration. For this purpose, a biological model based on donor plants and their regenerants, a methylation-sensitive amplified fragment length polymorphism, and structural equation modeling were employed. The green plant regeneration efficiency varied from 0.71 to 6.06 green plants per 100 plated anthers. The values for the components of tissue culture-induced variation related to cytosine methylation in a CHH sequence context (where H is A, C, or T) were 8.65% for sequence variation, 0.76% for DNA demethylation, and 0.58% for de novo methylation. The proposed model states that copper ions affect the regeneration efficiency through cytosine methylation and may induce mutations through, e.g., oxidative processes, which may interfere with the green plant regeneration efficiency. The linear regression confirms that the plant regeneration efficiency rises with increasing copper ion concentration in the absence of Ag ions in the induction medium. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression shows that de novo methylation, demethylation, and copper ions may be involved in the green plant regeneration efficiency. According to structural equation modeling, copper ions play a central role in the model determining the regeneration efficiency.
Collapse
|
5
|
Pachota KA, Orłowska R. Effect of copper and silver ions on sequence and DNA methylation changes in triticale regenerants gained via somatic embryogenesis. J Appl Genet 2022; 63:663-675. [PMID: 35984629 PMCID: PMC9637072 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-022-00717-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis is a plant regeneration method that can be exploited in tissue culture systems for a variety of tasks, such as genetic modification or the selection of somaclones with advantageous characteristics. Therefore, it is crucial to create efficient regeneration procedures and comprehend how medium components affect regeneration effectiveness or the degree of variation created in plant tissue cultures. The level of tissue culture-induced variation in triticale regenerants was examined in the current study in relation to the concentration of copper and silver ions in the induction media as well as the length of time immature zygotic embryo explants were incubated on these media. The high degree of variation (45%) revealed by the methylation-sensitive amplified fragment length polymorphism approach for estimating variation included 38% DNA sequence alterations, 6% DNA demethylation, and 1% de novo DNA methylation. Different levels of variance were found in relation to various DNA sequence settings. The CHG context had the most alterations, whereas CG experienced the fewest; sequence variation predominated in each sequence context. Lower copper ion concentrations showed the most variance. However, it could not be connected to the duration of in vitro culture or the effect of silver ions. Accordingly, we think that altering the concentration of copper ions in the induction medium may throw off the equilibrium of the metabolic processes in which copper is involved, resulting in tissue culture-induced variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Anna Pachota
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870, Błonie, Poland
| | - Renata Orłowska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870, Błonie, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen Y, Wang Y, Xu L, Su X, Zhai L, Zhao Y, Zhang C, Liu L. Effects of genotype and culture conditions on microspore embryogenesis in radish ( Raphanus sativus L.). MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2022; 42:43. [PMID: 37313515 PMCID: PMC10248703 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-022-01312-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Radish (Raphanus sativus L.), an important annual or biennial root vegetable crop, is widely cultivated in the world for its high nutritive value. Isolated microspore culture (IMC) is one of the most effective methods for rapid development of homozygous lines. Due to imperfection of the IMC technology system, it is particularly important to establish an efficient IMC system in radish. In this study, the effects of different factors on radish microspore embryogenesis were investigated with 23 genotypes. Buds with the largest population of late-uninucleate-stage microspores were most suitable for embryogenesis, with a ratio of petal length to anther length (P/A) in buds of about 3/4 ~ 1. Cold pretreatment was found to be genotype specific, and the highest microspore-derived embryoid (MDE) yield occurred for treatment of the heat shock of 48 h. In addition, the supplement of 0.75 g/L activated charcoal (AC) could increase the yield of embryoids. It was found that genotypes, bud size, as well as temperature treatments had significant effects on microspore embryogenesis. Furthermore, somatic embryogenesis-related kinase (SERK) genes were profiled by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis, which indicated that they are involved in the process of MDE formation and plantlet regeneration. The ploidy of microspore-derived plants was identified by chromosome counting and flow cytometry, and the microspore-derived plants were further proved as homozygous plants through expressed sequence tags-simple sequence repeats (EST-SSR) and genetic-SSR markers. The results would facilitate generating the large-scale double haploid (DH) from various genotypes, and promoting further highly efficient genetic improvement in radish. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-022-01312-w.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Su
- Institution of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lulu Zhai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liwang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225100 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rybczyński JJ, Kaźmierczak A, Dos Santos Szewczyk K, Tomaszewicz W, Miazga-Karska M, Mikuła A. Biotechnology of the Tree Fern Cyathea smithii (J.D. Hooker; Soft Tree Fern, Katote) II Cell Suspension Culture: Focusing on Structure and Physiology in the Presence of 2,4-D and BAP. Cells 2022; 11:1396. [PMID: 35563701 PMCID: PMC9100639 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our research was to describe the structure and growth potential of a cell suspension of the tree fern Cyathea smithii. Experiments were performed on an established cell suspension with ½ MS medium supplemented with 9.05 µM 2,4-D + 0.88 µM BAP. In the experiments, attention was paid to the microscopic description of cell suspension, evaluation of cell growth dependent on the initial mass of cells and organic carbon source in the medium, the length of the passage, the content of one selected flavonoid in the post-culture medium, nuclear DNA content, ethylene production, and the antimicrobial value of the extract. For a better understanding of the cell changes that occurred during the culture of the suspension, the following structures of the cell were observed: nucleus, lipid bodies, tannin deposits, starch grains, cell walls, primary lamina, and the filaments of metabolites released into the medium. The nuclear DNA content (acriflavine-Feulgen staining) of cell aggregates distinctly indicated a lack of changes in the sporophytic origin of the cultured cell suspension. The physiological activity of the suspension was found to be high because of kinetics, intensive production of ethylene, and quercetin production. The microbiological studies suggested that the cell suspension possessed a bactericidal character against microaerobic Gram-positive bacteria. A sample of the cell suspension showed bacteriostatic activity against aerobic bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan J. Rybczyński
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Botanical Garden-Center for Biology Diversity Conservation in Powsin, 2 Prawdziwka Str., 02-973 Warsaw, Poland; (W.T.); (A.M.)
| | | | - Katarzyna Dos Santos Szewczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Tomaszewicz
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Botanical Garden-Center for Biology Diversity Conservation in Powsin, 2 Prawdziwka Str., 02-973 Warsaw, Poland; (W.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Małgorzata Miazga-Karska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Anna Mikuła
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Botanical Garden-Center for Biology Diversity Conservation in Powsin, 2 Prawdziwka Str., 02-973 Warsaw, Poland; (W.T.); (A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Triticale Isolated Microspore Culture for Doubled Haploid Production. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 34270038 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1315-3_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Here, we describe a method of triticale isolated microspore culture for production of doubled haploid plants via androgenesis. We use this method routinely because it is highly efficient and works well on different triticale genotypes. To force microspores into becoming embryogenic, we apply a 21-day cold pretreatment. The shock of cold facilitates redirecting microspores from their predestined pollen developmental program into the androgenesis pathway. Ovaries are included in our culture methods to help with embryogenesis, and the histone deacytelase inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA) is added to further improve androgenesis and increase our ability to recover green doubled haploid plants.
Collapse
|
9
|
Seguí-Simarro JM, Moreno JB, Fernández MG, Mir R. Species with Haploid or Doubled Haploid Protocols. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2287:41-103. [PMID: 34270025 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1315-3_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this chapter, we present a list of species (and few interspecific hybrids) where haploids and/or doubled haploids have been published, including the method by which they were obtained and the corresponding references. This list is an update of the compilation work of Maluszynski et al. published in 2003, including new species for which protocols were not available at that time, and also novel methodologies developed during these years. The list includes 383 different backgrounds. In this book, we present full protocols to produce DHs in 43 of the species included in this list. In addition, this book includes a chapter for one species not included in the list. This makes a total of 384 species where haploids and/or DHs have been reported up to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Seguí-Simarro
- Cell Biology Group - COMAV Institute, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain.
| | | | | | - Ricardo Mir
- Cell Biology Group - COMAV Institute, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Żur I, Gajecka M, Dubas E, Krzewska M, Szarejko I. Albino Plant Formation in Androgenic Cultures: An Old Problem and New Facts. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2288:3-23. [PMID: 34270002 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1335-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
High frequency of albino plant formation in isolated microspore or anther cultures is a great problem limiting the possibility of their exploitation on a wider scale. It is highly inconvenient as androgenesis-based doubled haploid (DH) technology provides the simplest and shortest way to total homozygosity, highly valued by plant geneticists, biotechnologists and especially, plant breeders, and this phenomenon constitutes a serious limitation of these otherwise powerful tools. The genotype-dependent tendency toward albino plant formation is typical for many monocotyledonous plants, including cereals like wheat, barley, rice, triticale, oat and rye - the most important from the economical point of view. Despite many efforts, the precise mechanism underlying chlorophyll deficiency has not yet been elucidated. In this chapter, we review the data concerning molecular and physiological control over proper/disturbed chloroplast biogenesis, old hypotheses explaining the mechanism of chlorophyll deficiency, and recent studies which shed new light on this phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Żur
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Monika Gajecka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Dubas
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Krzewska
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Iwona Szarejko
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Orłowska R, Bednarek PT. Precise evaluation of tissue culture-induced variation during optimisation of in vitro regeneration regime in barley. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:33-50. [PMID: 32048207 PMCID: PMC7170832 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-00973-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The Taguchi method and metAFLP analysis were used to optimise barley regenerants towards maximum and minimum levels of tissue culture-induced variation. The subtle effects of symmetric and asymmetric methylation changes in regenerants were identified. Plant tissue cultures (PTCs) provide researchers with unique materials that accelerate the development of new breeding cultivars and facilitate studies on off-type regenerants. The emerging variability of regenerants derived from PTCs may have both genetic and epigenetic origins, and may be desirable or degrade the value of regenerated plants. Thus, it is crucial to determine how the PTC variation level can be controlled. The easiest way to manipulate total tissue culture-induced variation (TTCIV) is to utilise appropriate stress factors and suitable medium components. This study describes the optimisation of in vitro tissue culture-induced variation in plant regenerants derived from barley anther culture, and maximizes and minimizes regenerant variation compared with the source explants. The approach relied on methylation amplified fragment length polymorphism (metAFLP)-derived TTCIV characteristics, which were evaluated in regenerants derived under distinct tissue culture conditions and analysed via Taguchi statistics. The factors that may trigger TTCIV included CuSO4, AgNO3 and the total time spent on the induction medium. The donor plants prepared for regeneration purposes had 5.75% and 2.01% polymorphic metAFLP loci with methylation and sequence changes, respectively. The level of TTCIV (as the sum of all metAFLP characteristics analyzed) identified in optimisation and verification experiments reached 7.51 and 10.46%, respectively. In the trial designed to produce a minimum number of differences between donor and regenerant plants, CuSO4 and AgNO3 were more crucial than time, which was not a significant factor. In the trial designed to produce a maximum number of differences between donor and regenerant plants, all factors had comparable impact on variation. The Taguchi method reduced the time required for experimental trials compared with a grid method and suggested that medium modifications were required to control regenerant variation. Finally, the effects of symmetric and asymmetric methylation changes on regenerants were identified using novel aspects of the metAFLP method developed for this analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Orłowska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Błonie, 05-870, Radzików, Poland
| | - Piotr Tomasz Bednarek
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Błonie, 05-870, Radzików, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Orłowska R, Pachota KA, Machczyńska J, Niedziela A, Makowska K, Zimny J, Bednarek PT. Improvement of anther cultures conditions using the Taguchi method in three cereal crops. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
13
|
Yerzhebayeva RS, Abekova AM, Ainebekova BA, Urazaliyev KR, Bazylova TA, Daniyarova AK, Bersimbayeva GK. Influence of different concentrations of ascorbic and gibberellic acids and pH of medium on embryogenesis and regeneration in anther culture of spring triticale. CYTOL GENET+ 2017. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452717060032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
14
|
Machczyńska J, Zimny J, Bednarek PT. Tissue culture-induced genetic and epigenetic variation in triticale (× Triticosecale spp. Wittmack ex A. Camus 1927) regenerants. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 89:279-92. [PMID: 26337939 PMCID: PMC4579263 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-015-0368-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Plant regeneration via in vitro culture can induce genetic and epigenetic variation; however, the extent of such changes in triticale is not yet understood. In the present study, metAFLP, a variation of methylation-sensitive amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis, was used to investigate tissue culture-induced variation in triticale regenerants derived from four distinct genotypes using androgenesis and somatic embryogenesis. The metAFLP technique enabled identification of both sequence and DNA methylation pattern changes in a single experiment. Moreover, it was possible to quantify subtle effects such as sequence variation, demethylation, and de novo methylation, which affected 19, 5.5, 4.5% of sites, respectively. Comparison of variation in different genotypes and with different in vitro regeneration approaches demonstrated that both the culture technique and genetic background of donor plants affected tissue culture-induced variation. The results showed that the metAFLP approach could be used for quantification of tissue culture-induced variation and provided direct evidence that in vitro plant regeneration could cause genetic and epigenetic variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Machczyńska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, 05-870, Błonie, Radzików, Poland
| | - Janusz Zimny
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Cytogenetics, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, 05-870, Błonie, Radzików, Poland
| | - Piotr Tomasz Bednarek
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, 05-870, Błonie, Radzików, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Makowska K, Oleszczuk S. Albinism in barley androgenesis. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2014; 33:385-92. [PMID: 24326697 PMCID: PMC3921450 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-013-1543-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Androgenesis is highly useful for plant breeding, significantly reducing breeding cycle times, as well as in a wide range of biological research. However, for widespread use this process must be efficient. Despite several decades of research on the phenomenon of androgenesis, many processes involved are obscure and there is much to be understood about androgenesis. One of the problems inherent in androgenesis, and reducing its efficiency, is albinism. This article reviews albinism in barley anthers and microspores in vitro cultures. Of special interest is the fate of plastids throughout androgenesis, which is important at several levels, including the genes responsible for driving the green-to-albino ratios. We also summarize the external factors that reduce the incidence of albino plants that are regenerated via androgenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Makowska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, National Research Institute, Radzikow, 05-870, Blonie, Poland,
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Machczyńska J, Orłowska R, Zimny J, Bednarek PT. Extended metAFLP approach in studies of tissue culture induced variation (TCIV) in triticale. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2014; 34:845-854. [PMID: 25242884 PMCID: PMC4162973 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-014-0079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We present the development of the theoretical background of the metAFLP approach which allows for partition of complex variation into sequence changes, de novo methylation and demethylation of the regenerants derived via in vitro tissue culture methods in the case of triticale. It was demonstrated that, independent of whether andro- or embryogenesis was used for plant regeneration, the level of sequence changes identified between regenerants is about 10 %. Moreover, DNA demethylation prevails over de novo methylation of the regenerants compared to the donor plant. The metAFLP approach allows for the evaluation of numerous quantitative characteristics. For instance, one may quantify the number of sites unaffected by tissue culture approaches, global site DNA methylation etc. It is suggested that the approach could be useful for breeders in order to control plant material uniformity or for the evaluation of modified in vitro tissue culture approaches allowing for control of the (epi)mutation level. The extended metAFLP approach presented here delivers sufficient background for the evaluation of software that could facilitate analyses of the tissue culture induced variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Machczyńska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, National Research Institute, 05-870 Błonie, Radzików Poland
| | - Renata Orłowska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, National Research Institute, 05-870 Błonie, Radzików Poland
| | - Janusz Zimny
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Cytogenetics, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, National Research Institute, 05-870 Błonie, Radzików Poland
| | - Piotr Tomasz Bednarek
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, National Research Institute, 05-870 Błonie, Radzików Poland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hensel G, Kastner C, Oleszczuk S, Riechen J, Kumlehn J. Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer to cereal crop plants: current protocols for barley, wheat, triticale, and maize. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT GENOMICS 2009; 2009:835608. [PMID: 19584907 PMCID: PMC2699555 DOI: 10.1155/2009/835608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2009] [Accepted: 04/17/2009] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The development of powerful "omics" technologies has enabled researchers to identify many genes of interest for which comprehensive functional analyses are highly desirable. However, the production of lines which ectopically express recombinant genes, or those in which endogenous genes are knocked down via stable transformation, remains a major bottleneck for the association between genetics and gene function in monocotyledonous crops. Methods of effective DNA transfer into regenerable cells of immature embryos from cereals by means of Agrobacterium tumefaciens have been modified in a stepwise manner. The effect of particular improvement measures has often not been significantly evident, whereas their combined implementation has resulted in meaningful advances. Here, we provide updated protocols for the Agrobacterium-mediated generation of stably transgenic barley, wheat, triticale and maize. Based upon these methods, several hundred independent transgenic lines have been delivered, with efficiencies of inoculated embryos leading to stably transgenic plants reaching 86% in barley, 10% in wheat, 4% in triticale, and 24% in maize.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Goetz Hensel
- Plant Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
- *Goetz Hensel:
| | - Christine Kastner
- Plant Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Sylwia Oleszczuk
- Plant Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Blonie, Poland
| | - Jan Riechen
- Plant Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Jochen Kumlehn
- Plant Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| |
Collapse
|