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Pascua AM, Barbisan G, Nikoloff N, Carranza-Martín AC, Fabra MC, Anchordoquy JP, Balbi M, Giuliodori MJ, Furnus CC, Anchordoquy JM. Effect of estrogen and progesterone on intracellular free zinc and zinc transporter expression in bovine oviduct epithelial cells. Theriogenology 2024; 221:18-24. [PMID: 38521006 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) plays essential roles in numerous cellular processes. However, there is limited understanding of Zn homeostasis within the bovine reproductive system. This study investigated the influence of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) on Zn transporter expression and intracellular free Zn levels in bovine oviduct epithelial cells (BOEC). For this purpose, cells were harvested from slaughtered cows and cultured in vitro. Intracellular Zn concentrations were measured using FluoZin-3AM staining, while real-time polymerase chain reaction assessed Zn transporter gene expression and quantification. Overall, our results confirmed the gene expression of all the evaluated Zn transporters (ZIP6, ZIP8, ZIP14, ZnT3, ZnT7 and ZnT9), denoted and the active role of E2 and P4 in intracellular Zn regulation. Our findings suggest an interaction between Zn, E2 and P4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Malen Pascua
- IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, Calles 60 y 118, B1904AMA, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gisela Barbisan
- IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, Calles 60 y 118, B1904AMA, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; YPF Tecnología (Y-TEC), Av. Del Petróleo S/N entre 129 y 143, CP 1923, Berisso, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Noelia Nikoloff
- IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, Calles 60 y 118, B1904AMA, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Cristina Carranza-Martín
- IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, Calles 60 y 118, B1904AMA, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Carolina Fabra
- IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, Calles 60 y 118, B1904AMA, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Patricio Anchordoquy
- IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, Calles 60 y 118, B1904AMA, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Cátedra de Fisiología, FCV-UNLP, Argentina
| | - Marianela Balbi
- IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, Calles 60 y 118, B1904AMA, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Cecilia Cristina Furnus
- IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, Calles 60 y 118, B1904AMA, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Mateo Anchordoquy
- IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando N Dulout" (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, Calles 60 y 118, B1904AMA, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Cátedra de Fisiología, FCV-UNLP, Argentina.
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2
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Feng Y, Zhao X, Ruan Z, Li Z, Mo H, Lu F, Shi D. Zinc improves the developmental ability of bovine in vitro fertilization embryos through its antioxidative action. Theriogenology 2024; 221:47-58. [PMID: 38554613 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Zinc, an essential trace mineral, exerts a pivotal influence in various biological processes. Through zinc concentration analysis, we found that the zinc concentration in the bovine embryo in vitro culture (IVC) medium was significantly lower than that in bovine follicular fluid. Therefore, this study explored the impact of zinc sulfate on IVC bovine embryo development and investigated the underlying mechanism. The results revealed a significant decline in zygote cleavage and blastocyst development rates when zinc deficiency was induced using zinc chelator N, N, N', N'-Tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine (TPEN) in culture medium during embryo in vitro culture. The influence of zinc-deficiency was time-dependent. Conversely, supplementing 0.8 μg/mL zinc sulfate to culture medium (CM) increased the cleavage and blastocyst formation rate significantly. Moreover, this supplementation reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, elevated the glutathione (GSH) levels in blastocysts, upregulated the mRNA expression of antioxidase-related genes, and activated the Nrf2-Keap1-ARE signaling pathways. Furthermore, 0.8 μg/mL zinc sulfate enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential, maintained DNA stability, and enhanced the quality of bovine (in vitro fertilization) IVF blastocysts. In conclusion, the addition of 0.8 μg/mL zinc sulfate to CM could enhance the antioxidant capacity, activates the Nrf2-Keap1-ARE signaling pathways, augment mitochondrial membrane potential, and stabilizes DNA, ultimately improving blastocyst quality and in vitro bovine embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China; Reproductive Medicine Center, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530003, China
| | - Ziyun Ruan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Zhengda Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Hongfang Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Fenghua Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
| | - Deshun Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
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3
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Puttharak P, Wangnai P, Puttharak J, Baisaeng N. Optimizing medicinal hemp production with synergistic light-enhanced technologies and organic biorefinery approaches. J Photochem Photobiol B 2024; 254:112890. [PMID: 38507943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the application of sustainable organic and biorefinery methods to increase the production of therapeutic hemp. Specifically, it focuses on Solodiol, Carmagnola, and Doctor Seedman strains. The study was carried out for 60 days in a highly controlled setting. It employed a unique combination of Murashige and Skoog (MS) media, supplemented with 2,4-D (0.5 mg/L) and kinetin (0.5 mg/L), and augmented with organic additions such as coconut water. This distinctive amalgamation facilitated extraordinary expansion across all varieties. The Solodiol strain demonstrated remarkable growth characteristics in terms of the number of branches, leaves, shoots, and height, whilst Carmagnola and Doctor Seedman indicated significant differences in diameter. Carmagnola, specifically, flourished in specific conditions: a strict 16-h period of light followed by 8 h of darkness, particularly when exposed to blue light. The Carmagnola strain, grown using MS feed (2StemMS), produced a hemp oil extract with a high concentration of 3.85%, compared to the Solodiol and Doctor Seedman strains, and also showcases their potential in promoting an environmentally friendly and therapeutically helpful medicinal hemp industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phopgao Puttharak
- Department of Biology, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao Province 56000, Thailand.
| | - Patthamaporn Wangnai
- Department of Biology, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao Province 56000, Thailand
| | - Jarucha Puttharak
- School of Dentistry, University of Phayao, Phayao Province 56000, Thailand
| | - Nuttakorn Baisaeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao Province 56000, Thailand
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Wasileńczyk U, Wawrzyniak MK, Martins JPR, Kosek P, Chmielarz P. Cryopreservation of sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) plumules using aluminium cryo-plates: influence of cryoprotection and drying. Plant Methods 2024; 20:53. [PMID: 38610046 PMCID: PMC11010404 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-024-01161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND QUERCUS: seeds that are recalcitrant to desiccation and freezing temperatures cannot be stored in gene banks under conventional conditions. However, the germplasm of some recalcitrant seeded species can be stored in liquid nitrogen (-196 °C). Unfortunately, for many species, among them for almost the whole genus Quercus, an effective cryostorage method is still unknown. In this study, we propose a successful cryostorage protocol for Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. germplasm using plumules (a shoot apical meristem of an embryo) frozen on aluminium cryo-plates. RESULTS: The plumules isolated from the acorns of ten provenances were prestored in 0.5 M sucrose solution (for 18 h). To form alginate beads (one plumule per bead), the plumules were placed in the wells of a cryo-plate and embedded in calcium alginate gel. For cryoprotection, the encapsulated plumules were immersed in cryoprotectant solution containing 2.0 M glycerol and different concentrations of sucrose (0.8-1.2 M) for 40 min at 25 °C and desiccated under a laminar flow cabinet for 1.0-4.0 h. Cryo-plates with plumules were directly immersed in liquid nitrogen and then cryostored for 30 min. For rewarming, cryo-plates with plumules were immersed in 1.0 M sucrose solution and rehydrated for 15 min at 25 °C. Survival rates varied from 25.8 to 83.4 were achieved after cryoprotection in 1.0 M sucrose solution and the drying of plumules for 2 h. The in vitro regrowth rate of cryopreserved plumules varied among provenances and was 26-77%. CONCLUSIONS: This study presents, for the first time, a successful, simple and effective protocol for the cryopreservation of Q. petraea germplasm that could be used in gene banks. The experiment was successfully repeated on seeds from various provenances, each yielding similar, good results. However, seed quality and storage time after harvesting are important factors in plumule regrowth after cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Paweł Chmielarz
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
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Deepachandi B, Weerasinghe S, Gunathileka H, Soysa P, Siriwardana Y. In vitro growth of Leishmania parasites from biopsy samples of suspected cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis cases in Sri Lanka: An observational study. Exp Parasitol 2024; 259:108710. [PMID: 38350521 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2024.108710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Sri Lanka reports a large focus of Leishmania donovani caused cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Subsequent emergence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was also reported recently. Expansion of the on-going disease outbreak and many complexities indicate urgent need to enhance early case detection methods. In vitro cultivation (IVC) of parasites causing visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is important for disease confirmation and to obtain sufficient quantities of parasites required in many scientific studies. IVC is carried out as a useful second line investigation for direct microscopy negative patients with CL in this setting. Along with the emergence of VL, current study was carried out to evaluate in vitro growth of local VL parasites and to identify their differences associated with in vitro growth characteristics. Routine parasitological diagnostic methods, i.e., light microscopy (LM), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used for confirmation of suspected cases. Lesion samples from 125 suspected CL cases and bone marrow or splenic aspirations from 125 suspected VL patients were used to inoculate IVCs. Media M199 (about 70 μl) supplemented with 15-20% of heat inactivated fetal bovine serum was used for initial culturing procedures in capillaries. Capillary cultures were monitored daily. Total of 44 different compositions/conditions were used for evaluating in vitro growth of VL causing parasite. Daily records on parasite counts, morphological appearance (size, shape, and wriggly movements) were maintained. In vitro transformation of Leishmania promastigotes to amastigotes and outcome of the attempts on recovery of live Leishmania from culture stabilates was also compared between CL and VL parasites. Proportion of cultures showing a transformation of promastigotes were 40/45 (88.9%) and 4/10 (40.0%) for CL and VL respectively. In the transformed cultures, parasites showing typical shape, size and movement patterns were less in VL (1/4, 25.0%) compared to CL (28/40, 70.0%). CL cultures showed a growth up to mass culturing level with mean duration of two weeks while it was about five weeks for VL cultures. Proportion of cultures that reached a parasite density of 1 × 106 cells/ml (proceeded to mass cultures) was significantly low in VL (4/10, 40%) as compared to CL (28/40, 70.0%). None of media compositions/conditions were successful for mass culturing of VL parasites while all of them were shown to be useful for growing CL strains. Also in vitro transformation to amastigote form and recovering of culture stabilates were not successful compared to CL. There were clear differences between in vitro growth of Leishmania parasites causing local CL and VL. Further studies are recommended for optimization of in vitro culturing of VL parasite which will be invaluable to enhance case detection in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagya Deepachandi
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka; Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, NSBM Green University, Homagama, 10206, Sri Lanka
| | - Sudath Weerasinghe
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka
| | - Himali Gunathileka
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka
| | - Preethi Soysa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo 00800, Sri Lanka
| | - Yamuna Siriwardana
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka.
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Fernandes DP, Praxedes ÉA, da Silva Viana JV, de Oliveira Santos MV, Silva AR, Freitas CIA, Pereira AF. Long-term preservation of established fibroblast lines from six-banded armadillos (Euphractus sexcintus, Linnaeus, 1758) by extended passage and cryopreservation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024; 60:266-277. [PMID: 38424379 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00871-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Establishing new somatic cell cultures has raised significant attention as an effective and convenient way to preserve genetic samples for different applications. Although many lines have been established in model animals, none derived from six-banded armadillo species is currently available. We report the successful isolation and characterization of fibroblasts from six-banded armadillos, evaluating the cell quality after extended culture and cryopreservation. Initially, we collected ear skin from five captive adult individuals and identified fibroblast lines by morphology, karyotyping, and immunophenotyping assays. The isolated fibroblasts were evaluated after several passages (fourth, seventh, and tenth passages) and cryopreservation by slow freezing. Cell morphology, viability, metabolism, proliferative activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptosis levels were analyzed. The skin explants had great adhesion, and cell outgrowth could be seen after 3-6 d. The cells were verified as fibroblasts at the fourth passage by vimentin expression and normal karyotype (2n = 58). The viability remained high (> 87%) and constant from the fourth to the tenth passage (p > 0.05). The passages did not change the cell morphology and metabolic and growth rates. Moreover, cryopreservation did not affect most evaluated parameters; post-thawed cells maintained their viability, growth, metabolism, and apoptosis levels. Nevertheless, cryopreservation increased mitochondrial membrane permeability and cell population doubling time compared to non-cryopreserved cells (p < 0.05). In summary, viable fibroblasts can be obtained from six-banded armadillo skin while conserving their quality as the number of passages increases and featuring few changes after cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denilsa Pires Fernandes
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Érika Almeida Praxedes
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexandre Rodrigues Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm Conservation, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Carlos Iberê Alves Freitas
- Laboratory of Studies in Immunology and Wild Animals, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Av. Francisco Mota, 572, Mossoró, RN, 59625-900, Brazil
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Badjakov I, Dincheva I, Vrancheva R, Georgiev V, Pavlov A. Plant In Vitro Culture Factories for Pentacyclic Triterpenoid Production. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol 2024. [PMID: 38319391 DOI: 10.1007/10_2023_245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenoids are a diverse subclass of naturally occurring terpenes with various biological activities and applications. These compounds are broadly distributed in natural plant resources, but their low abundance and the slow growth cycle of plants pose challenges to their extraction and production. The biosynthesis of pentacyclic triterpenoids occurs through two main pathways, the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway and the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, which involve several enzymes and modifications. Plant in vitro cultures, including elicited and hairy root cultures, have emerged as an effective and sustainable system for pentacyclic triterpenoid production, circumventing the limitations associated with natural plant resources. Bioreactor systems and controlling key parameters, such as media composition, temperature, light quality, and elicitor treatments, have been optimized to enhance the production and characterization of specific pentacyclic triterpenoids. These systems offer a promising bioprocessing tool for producing pentacyclic triterpenoids characterized by a low carbon footprint and a sustainable source of these compounds for various industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Radka Vrancheva
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, University of Food Technologies-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Vasil Georgiev
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnologies, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Atanas Pavlov
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, University of Food Technologies-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnologies, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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8
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Bashiri Z, Movahedin M, Pirhajati V, Asgari H, Koruji M. Ultrastructural study: in vitro and in vivo differentiation of mice spermatogonial stem cells. ZYGOTE 2024; 32:87-95. [PMID: 38149356 DOI: 10.1017/s096719942300062x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Mouse testicular tissue is composed of seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissue. Mammalian spermatogenesis is divided into three stages: spermatocytogenesis (mitotic divisions) in which spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) turn into spermatocytes, followed by two consecutive meiotic divisions in which spermatocytes form spermatids. Spermatids differentiate into spermatozoa during spermiogenesis. Various factors affect the process of spermatogenesis and the organization of cells in the testis. Any disorder in different stages of spermatogenesis will have negative effects on male fertility. The aim of the current study was to compare the in vitro and in vivo spermatogenesis processes before and after transplantation to azoospermic mice using ultrastructural techniques. In this study, mice were irradiated with single doses of 14 Gy 60Co radiation. SSCs isolated from neonatal mice were cultured in vitro for 1 week and were injected into the seminiferous tubule recipient's mice. Testicular cells of neonatal mice were cultured in the four groups on extracellular matrix-based 3D printing scaffolds. The transplanted testes (8 weeks after transplantation) and cultured testicular cells in vitro (after 3 weeks) were then processed for transmission electron microscopy studies. Our study's findings revealed that the morphology and ultrastructure of testicular cells after transplantation and in vitro culture are similar to those of in vivo spermatogenesis, indicating that spermatogenic cell nature is unaltered in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bashiri
- Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Omid Fertility & Infertility Clinic, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Movahedin
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical Sciences Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Pirhajati
- Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Asgari
- Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Koruji
- Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Ebrahimi M, Dattena M, Luciano AM, Succu S, Gadau SD, Mara L, Chessa F, Berlinguer F. In vitro culture of sheep early-antral follicles: Milestones, challenges and future perspectives. Theriogenology 2024; 213:114-123. [PMID: 37839290 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Early antral follicles (EAFs) represent the transitional stage between pre-antral and antral follicles, containing oocytes that have completed most of their growth phase. Therefore, they offer an easily exploitable reserve for producing mature oocytes and preserving genetic resources, given their higher abundance compared to antral follicles (AFs) and shorter culture period than other pre-antral follicles (PAFs). Despite these advantages, the culture of EAFs remains challenging, and the success rates of in vitro embryo production (IVEP) from EAF-derived oocytes are still far below the standard achieved with fully grown oocytes in ruminant species. The difficulty is related to developing suitable in vitro culture systems tailored with nutrients, growth factors, and other signaling molecules to support oocyte growth. In this review, we focus on the in vitro development of sheep EAFs to provide an informative reference to current research progress. We also summarize the basic aspect of folliculogenesis in sheep and the main achievements and limitations of the current methods for EAF isolation, in vitro culture systems, and medium supplementation. Finally, we highlight future perspectives and challenges for improving EAF culture outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Ebrahimi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, Sassari, Italy; Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Maria Dattena
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alberto Maria Luciano
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell'Università, 6, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - Sara Succu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, Sassari, Italy
| | - Sergio Domenico Gadau
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, Sassari, Italy
| | - Laura Mara
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Chessa
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Berlinguer
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, Sassari, Italy
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10
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Arellano-Ostoa G, González-Orozco M, Vázquez-Cisneros I, Arellano-González SM. Secondary Embryogenesis of Linaloe in Temporary Immersion Bioreactor-Type RITA ®. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2759:199-213. [PMID: 38285152 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3654-1_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The linaloe [Bursera linanoe (La Llave) Rzed, Calderon and Medina] is an endemic species of Mexico, representative of the low deciduous forest of the states of Guerrero, Puebla, Morelos, and Oaxaca, and has been of great economic importance for the people, mainly for the artisanal use of its aromatic wood that is used to make boxes, trunks, and furniture that are manufactured in Olinala, Guerrero, Mexico; and industrial, thanks to the fine aroma of its essential oil (linalool), which is used in the manufacture of perfumes and pharmaceuticals. Overexploitation has endangered the species in recent years, and propagation by seed and/or cuttings has produced very poor results compared to those obtained with other recalcitrant Bursera species. The protection of endangered species makes urgent the need to propose new alternatives for its propagation. Somatic embryogenesis is a reliable and feasible technique, including induction, maintenance, multiplication, and maturation of embryos, often in semisolid culture media; however, the recent use of liquid media has allowed semi-automation in temporary immersion bioreactors, for example, the RITA® system, which favors both the multiplication rate and the final conversion to seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Arellano-Ostoa
- Postgrado en Recursos Genéticos y Productividad - Fruticultura, Campus Montecillo, Colegio de Postgraduados, Texcoco, State of Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Mónica González-Orozco
- Postgrado en Ciencias Forestales, Campus Montecillo, Colegio de Postgraduados, Texcoco, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Izaac Vázquez-Cisneros
- Postgrado en Ciencias Forestales, Campus Montecillo, Colegio de Postgraduados, Texcoco, State of Mexico, Mexico
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Canizo J, Biondic S, Lenghan KV, Petropoulos S. Guinea Pig Preimplantation Embryos: Generation, Collection, and Immunofluorescence. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2767:275-292. [PMID: 37284942 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2023_488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Studying various animal models is important for comparative biology and to better understand evolutionary development. Furthermore, when aiming to translate findings to human development, it is crucial to select an appropriate animal model that closely resembles the specific aspect of development under study. The guinea pig is highlighted as a useful platform for reproductive studies due to similarities in in utero development and general physiology with the human. This chapter outlines the methods required for guinea pig mating and collection of embryos for in vitro culture and molecular characterization. Specifically, this chapter provides detailed guidance on monitoring the estrus cycle to determine the mating time, performing a vaginal flush and smear to confirm successful mating, performing euthanasia of the guinea pig, and flushing in vivo embryos. Once collected, the embryos can be utilized for numerous downstream applications. Here we will cover embryo culturing and processing embryos for immunofluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesica Canizo
- Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Savana Biondic
- Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Katherine Vandal Lenghan
- Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Petropoulos
- Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Clinical Science, Investigation and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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12
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Roelse CM, Overeem AW, Chang YW, Boubakri M, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM. Isolation and In Vitro Culture of Germ Cells and Sertoli Cells from Human Fetal Testis. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2770:63-83. [PMID: 38351447 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3698-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
In the human fetal testis, fetal germ cells (FGCs) are progressively surrounded by supporting Sertoli cells inside seminiferous cords. During the second trimester, the FGCs develop asynchronously and can be observed in several stages of development. However, the mechanism that regulates the transition between the different developmental stages as well as the formation of spermatogonia is currently not well understood. For this, it is necessary to develop suitable isolation protocols and a platform for in vitro culture of FGCs of different stages. Here, we report a method to isolate distinct populations of FGCs and Sertoli cells from second trimester human testis using a panel of conjugated antibodies for THY1, PDPN, ALPL, KIT, and SUSD2 for fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) followed by in vitro culture up to 7 days. This platform provides the base for cellular and molecular characterization of the different testicular cell populations to investigate the transition between FGCs and spermatogonia and shed some light on crucial processes of early human gametogenesis unknown until now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine M Roelse
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arend W Overeem
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yolanda W Chang
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Meriam Boubakri
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Susana M Chuva de Sousa Lopes
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
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13
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Dahmardeh T, Ghanian MH, Ebrahimi B. A self-gelling hydrogel based on thiolated hyaluronic acid for three-dimensional culture of ovine preantral follicles. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127147. [PMID: 37778594 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) ovarian follicle culture offers a promising option for fertility preservation in patients who cannot receive ovarian tissue transplantation. Our research evaluated the potential of a hydrogel composed of thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) for ovine preantral follicle development compared to routinely used alginate hydrogel (ALG). Synthesized via a carbodiimide reaction, HA-SH facilitated a self-crosslinking hydrogel through disulfide bond formation. Ovine preantral follicles (200-300 μm) retrieved through mechanical and enzymatic methods were encapsulated individually in either ALG or HA-SH hydrogels. Although both hydrogels adequately supported follicle survival, 3D integrity, and antrum formation over a 17-day in vitro culture, follicle growth was significantly higher within the HA-SH hydrogel. Gene expression analysis underscored that some folliculogenesis-related genes (ZP3, BMP7, and GJA1) and a steroidogenic gene (CYP19A1) demonstrated higher expression levels in HA-SH encapsulated follicles versus ALG. Collectively, our findings advocate for HA-SH hydrogel as a potent biomaterial for in vitro follicle cultures, attributing its efficacy to facile gelation, bio-responsiveness, and superior support for follicle growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Dahmardeh
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Basic Science and Advanced Medical Technologies, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghanian
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bita Ebrahimi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Kim JH, Choi JI, Che YH, Sung SH, Lee H, Lee S, Park JH, Lee YI, Lee YS, Jeon WB, Kim YJ. Enhancing Viability of Human Embryonic Stem Cells during Cryopreservation via RGD-REP-Mediated Activation of FAK/AKT/FoxO3a Signaling Pathway. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:1133-1143. [PMID: 37610706 PMCID: PMC10646010 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00568-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryopreservation is a crucial method for long-term storage and stable allocation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), which are increasingly being used in various applications. However, preserving hPSCs in cryogenic conditions is challenging due to reduced recovery rates. METHODS To address this issue, the Arginine-Glycine-Aspartate (RGD) motif was incorporated into a recombinant elastin-like peptide (REP). Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) were treated with REP containing RGD motif (RGD-REP) during suspension and cryopreservation, and the survival rate was analyzed. The underlying mechanisms were also investigated. RESULTS The addition of RGD-REP to the cryopreservation solution improved cell survival and pluripotency marker expression. The improvement was confirmed to be due to the activation of the FAK-AKT cascade by RGD-REP binding to hESC surface interin protein, and consequent inhibition of FoxO3a. The inactivation of FoxO3a reduced the expression of apoptosis-related genes, such as BIM, leading to increased survival of PSCs in a suspension state. CONCLUSION RGD-REP, as a ligand for integrin protein, improves the survival and maintenance of hPSCs during cryopreservation by activating survival signals via the RGD motif. These results have potential implications for improving the efficiency of stem cell usage in both research and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong In Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hyun Che
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Haeng Sung
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojae Lee
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Biomanufacturing Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90069, USA
| | - Sun Lee
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Il Lee
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
- Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Bae Jeon
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Yoon H, Lee J, Kang I, Choi KW, Lee J, Jun JH. Enhancement of preimplantation mouse embryo development with optimized in vitro culture dish via stabilization of medium osmolarity. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2023; 50:244-252. [PMID: 37995752 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2023.06436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the efficacy of the newly developed optimized in vitro culture (OIVC) dish for cultivating preimplantation mouse embryos. This dish minimizes the need for mineral oil and incorporates microwells, providing a stable culture environment and enabling independent monitoring of individual embryos. METHODS Mouse pronuclear (PN) zygotes and two-cell-stage embryos were collected at 18 and 46 hours after human chorionic gonadotropin injection, respectively. These were cultured for 120 hours using potassium simplex optimized medium (KSOM) to reach the blastocyst stage. The embryos were randomly allocated into three groups, each cultured in one of three dishes: a 60-mm culture dish, a microdrop dish, and an OIVC dish that we developed. RESULTS The OIVC dish effectively maintained the osmolarity of the KSOM culture medium over a 5-day period using only 2 mL of mineral oil. This contrasts with the significant osmolarity increase observed in the 60-mm culture dish. Additionally, the OIVC dish exhibited higher blastulation rates from two-cell embryos (100%) relative to the other dish types. Moreover, blastocysts derived from both PN zygotes and two-cell embryos in the OIVC dish group demonstrated significantly elevated mean cell numbers. CONCLUSION Use of the OIVC dish markedly increased the number of cells in blastocysts derived from the in vitro culture of preimplantation mouse embryos. The capacity of this dish to maintain medium osmolarity with minimal mineral oil usage represents a breakthrough that may advance embryo culture techniques for various mammals, including human in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Yoon
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School of Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongwoo Lee
- CNC Biotech Incorporated, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Inyoung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jaewang Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyun Jun
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School of Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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16
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Manna C, Das K, Mandal D, Banerjee D, Mukherjee J, Ganguly I, Naskar S, Bag S. Canine umbilical cord tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells naturally express mRNAs of some antimicrobial peptides. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:2229-2233. [PMID: 37059874 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10098-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are naturally produced by all living organisms at a constitutive rate. They represent the first line of active defence systems against invading microorganisms, helping in innate immunity. Besides their therapeutic applications, great attention has also been given to the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) due to their antimicrobial activities. The study aimed to observe the mRNA expression profile of few antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in canine MSCs during standard in vitro culture. MSCs were isolated from canine umbilical cord tissue, propagated and characterized by morphology, surface markers and tri-lineage differentiation capability. The mRNA expression of eleven commonly known antimicrobial peptides was checked by Reverse Transcriptase PCR. It has been found for the first time that canine MSCs naturally express the mRNAs of AMPs like C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), Elafin (PI3), Hepcidin (HAMP), Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) and Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI). However, their expressions at protein level and, relation with antimicrobial effect of canine MSCs need to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Manna
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Kinsuk Das
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Durgadas Mandal
- Department of Veterinary Gynecology and Obstetrics, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Dipak Banerjee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Joydip Mukherjee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Indrajit Ganguly
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India
| | - Shymal Naskar
- Eastern Regional Station, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, 37, Belgachia Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 037, India
| | - Sadhan Bag
- Eastern Regional Station, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, 37, Belgachia Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 037, India.
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17
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Ryu C, Lee M, Lee JY. Mild heat treatment in vitro potentiates human adipose stem cells: delayed aging and improved quality for long term culture. Biomater Res 2023; 27:122. [PMID: 38008757 PMCID: PMC10680349 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00448-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained significant attention for diverse biomedical applications, including cell-based therapy. Hence, in vitro expansion of MSCs is critical; however, in vitro MSC culture, especially long-term culture, inevitably leads to significant loss of stemness, growth, and differentiation potential. METHOD Effects of mild heat treatment (HT) conditions (temperature, duration, and repetition) on the characteristics of adipose tissue-derived MSCs in vitro were systematically investigated. Characteristics of the MSCs subjected to the predetermined HT conditions (41 or 44ºC, 1 h, and 2X HT) were first analyzed in a single passage using various assays. In addition, the feasibility of HT for long-term MSC culture was studied. The RNA sequencing analyses were performed to elucidate the mechanism of HT effects on MSCs. RESULTS A comprehensive exploration of various HT conditions revealed that specific mild HT at 41ºC or 44ºC for 1 h upregulated the expression of heat shock proteins and stemness markers and enhanced differentiation potentials. Furthermore, periodic mild HT extended the maintenance of growth rate and stemness of MSCs up to an additional 10 passages, which substantially retarded their spontaneous aging during subsequent in vitro culture. RNA sequencing analyses unveiled that HT downregulated genes associated with aging and apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our study successfully demonstrated that mild HT of MSCs has positive effects on their application in various biomedical fields, enhancing their capabilities and slowing down the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiseon Ryu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseo Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Margos G, Hofmann M, Casjens S, Dupraz M, Heinzinger S, Hartberger C, Hepner S, Schmeusser M, Sing A, Fingerle V, McCoy KD. Genome diversity of Borrelia garinii in marine transmission cycles does not match host associations but reflects the strains evolutionary history. Infect Genet Evol 2023; 115:105502. [PMID: 37716446 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is a species complex of spirochetal bacteria that occupy different ecological niches which is reflected in their reservoir host- and vector-associations. Borrelia genomes possess numerous linear and circular plasmids. Proteins encoded by plasmid genes play a major role in host- and vector-interaction and are important for Borrelia niche adaptation. However, the plasmid composition and therewith the gene repertoire may vary even in strains of a single species. Borrelia garinii, one of the six human pathogenic species, is common in Europe (vector Ixodes ricinus), Asia (vector Ixodes persulcatus) and in marine birds (vector Ixodes uriae). For the latter, only a single culture isolate (Far04) and its genome were previously available. The genome was rather small containing only one circular and six linear plasmids with a notable absence of cp32 plasmids. To further investigate B. garinii from marine transmission cycles and to explore i) whether the small number of plasmids found in isolate Far04 is a common feature in B. garinii from marine birds and presents an adaptation to this particular niche and ii) whether there may be a correlation between genome type and host species, we initiated in vitro cultures from live I. uriae collected in 2017 and 2018 from marine avian hosts and their nests. Hosts included common guillemots, Atlantic Puffin, razorbill, and kittiwake. We obtained 17 novel isolates of which 10 were sequenced using Illumina technology, one also with Pacific Bioscience technology. The 10 genomes segregated into five different genome types defined by plasmid types (based on PFam32 loci). We show that the genomes of seabird associated B. garinii contain fewer plasmids (6-9) than B. garinii from terrestrial avian species (generally ≥10), potentially suggesting niche adaptation. However, genome type did not match an association with the diverse avian seabird hosts investigated but matched the clonal complex they originated from, perhaps reflecting the isolates evolutionary history. Questions that should be addressed in future studies are (i) how is plasmid diversity related to host- and/or vector adaptation; (ii) do the different seabird species differ in reservoir host competence, and (iii) can the genome types found in seabirds use terrestrial birds as reservoir hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Margos
- National Reference Centre for Borrelia, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Veterinärstr. 2, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany.
| | - Markus Hofmann
- National Reference Centre for Borrelia, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Veterinärstr. 2, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany.
| | - Sherwood Casjens
- Pathology Department, School of Medicine, University of Utah, 15 North Medical Drive East Ste. #1100, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| | - Marlene Dupraz
- MIVEGEC, University of Montpellier - CNRS - IRD, Centre IRD, Domaine La Valette - 900, rue Jean François BRETON, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Susanne Heinzinger
- National Reference Centre for Borrelia, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Veterinärstr. 2, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany.
| | - Christine Hartberger
- National Reference Centre for Borrelia, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Veterinärstr. 2, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany.
| | - Sabrina Hepner
- National Reference Centre for Borrelia, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Veterinärstr. 2, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany.
| | - Mercy Schmeusser
- National Reference Centre for Borrelia, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Veterinärstr. 2, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany.
| | - Andreas Sing
- National Reference Centre for Borrelia, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Veterinärstr. 2, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany.
| | - Volker Fingerle
- National Reference Centre for Borrelia, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Veterinärstr. 2, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany.
| | - Karen D McCoy
- MIVEGEC, University of Montpellier - CNRS - IRD, Centre IRD, Domaine La Valette - 900, rue Jean François BRETON, 34090 Montpellier, France.
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19
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Iori V, Muzzini VG, Venditti I, Casentini B, Iannelli MA. Phytotoxic impact of bifunctionalized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-Cit-L-Cys) and silver nitrate (AgNO 3) on chronically exposed callus cultures of Populus nigra L. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:116175-116185. [PMID: 37907823 PMCID: PMC10682225 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30690-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the unique physicochemical properties and the low manufacturing costs, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have gained growing interest and their application has expanded considerably in industrial and agricultural sectors. The large-scale production of these nanoparticles inevitably entails their direct or indirect release into the environment, raising some concerns about their hazardous aspects. Callus culture represents an important tool in toxicological studies to evaluate the impact of nanomaterials on plants and their potential environmental risk. In this study, we investigated the chronic phytotoxic effects of different concentrations of novel bifunctionalized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-Cit-L-Cys) and silver nitrate (AgNO3) on callus culture of Populus nigra L., a pioneer tree species in the riparian ecosystem. Our results showed that AgNPs-Cit-L-Cys were more toxic on poplar calli compared to AgNO3, especially at low concentration (2.5 mg/L), leading to a significant reduction in biomass production, accompanied by a decrease in protein content, a significant increase in both lipid peroxidation level, ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT) enzymatic activities. In addition, these findings suggested that the harmful activity of AgNPs-Cit-L-Cys might be correlated with their physicochemical properties and not solely attributed to the released Ag+ ions and confirmed that AgNPs-Cit-L-Cys phytoxicity is associated to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Iori
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology - National Research Council (IBBA-CNR), Strada Provinciale 35d, 9, 00010, Montelibretti, Rome, Italy.
| | - Valerio Giorgio Muzzini
- Research Institute On Terrestrial Ecosystems - National Research Council (IRET-CNR), Strada Provinciale 35d, 9, 00010, Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
| | - Iole Venditti
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Via Della Vasca Navale 79, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Casentini
- Water Research Institute - National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Strada Provinciale 35d, 9, 00010, Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Adelaide Iannelli
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology - National Research Council (IBBA-CNR), Strada Provinciale 35d, 9, 00010, Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
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20
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Gomes FDR, Ñaupas LVS, Palomino GJQ, Celiz RHY, Sá NAR, Novaes MAS, Ferreira ACA, Brito DCC, Freitas VJF, Costa BN, Lucci CM, Fernandes CCL, Rondina D, Figueiredo JR, Tetaping GM, Rodrigues APR. Definition of protocols for cryopreservation and three-dimensional in vitro culture of prepubertal goat testicular tissue after histomorphological, ultrastructural, and functional analysis. Theriogenology 2023; 211:151-160. [PMID: 37639997 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to define the best method (slow freezing or vitrification) and fragment size (1, 5, or 9 mm³) for prepubertal goat testis cryopreservation, as well as to evaluate testicular morphological integrity after cryopreservation and in vitro culture (IVC). Initially (experiment I), 1, 5, or 9 mm³ testis fragments were cryopreserved by slow freezing using a Mr. Frosty container with 20% Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or vitrified using the Ovarian Tissue Cryosystem (OTC) device, (Equilibration solution - ES: 10% DMSO and 10% ethylene glycol - EG; Vitrification solution - VS: 20% DMSO and 20% EG) and then subjected to morphological analysis, type I and III collagen quantification and gene expression (Oct4, C-kit, Bax, and Bcl-2). Subsequently, (experiment II), fresh or cryopreserved by slow freezing testis fragments were cultured in vitro and submitted to morphological analysis by scanning electron microscopy. The data from the experiment I revealed fewer morphological alterations in 1 and 5 mm³ fragments after vitrification and slow freezing, respectively. The percentage of type I collagen fibers in 5 and 9 mm³ frozen was higher than in fresh or vitrified fragments. For type III collagen, fresh or frozen fragments of 1 and 5 mm3 showed a higher percentage than fragments of 9 mm3. Gene expression for Oct4 and C-kit after slow freezing or vitrification in the 5 mm3 fragments was lower than that observed in the fresh fragments. The Bax:Bcl-2 ratio in the 1 and 9 mm³ fragments was lower than in the 5 mm³ fragments for fresh fragments or after freezing. In experiment II, fragments cultured in vitro, previously frozen or not, showed more morphological alterations than fresh or frozen fragments. We concluded that slow freezing of 5 mm³ fragments was the best protocol for cryopreserving prepubertal goat testis and although the results of IVC are encouraging, it still needs improvement to restore testicular function after cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F D R Gomes
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Ovarian Pre-Antral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - L V S Ñaupas
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Ovarian Pre-Antral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - G J Q Palomino
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Ovarian Pre-Antral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - R H Y Celiz
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Ovarian Pre-Antral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - N A R Sá
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Ovarian Pre-Antral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - M A S Novaes
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Ovarian Pre-Antral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - A C A Ferreira
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Ovarian Pre-Antral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - D C C Brito
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - V J F Freitas
- Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction (LFCR), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - B N Costa
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - C M Lucci
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - C C L Fernandes
- College of Health Sciences, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - D Rondina
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Production of Ruminants (LANUPRUMI), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - J R Figueiredo
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Ovarian Pre-Antral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - G M Tetaping
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Ovarian Pre-Antral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - A P R Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Ovarian Pre-Antral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Feng J, Zhu C, Cao J, Liu C, Zhang J, Cao F, Zhou X. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the NRT genes in Ginkgo biloba under nitrate treatment reveal the potential roles during calluses browning. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:633. [PMID: 37872493 PMCID: PMC10594704 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09732-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrate is a primary nitrogen source for plant growth, and previous studies have indicated a correlation between nitrogen and browning. Nitrate transporters (NRTs) are crucial in nitrate allocation. Here, we utilized a genome-wide approach to identify and analyze the expression pattern of 74 potential GbNRTs under nitrate treatments during calluses browning in Ginkgo, including 68 NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1 (NRT1)/PEPTIDE TRANSPORTER (PTR) (NPF), 4 NRT2 and 2 NRT3. Conserved domains, motifs, phylogeny, and cis-acting elements (CREs) were analyzed to demonstrate the evolutionary conservation and functional diversity of GbNRTs. Our analysis showed that the NPF family was divided into eight branches, with the GbNPF2 and GbNPF6 subfamilies split into three groups. Each GbNRT contained 108-214 CREs of 19-36 types, especially with binding sites of auxin and transcription factors v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (MYB) and basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH). The E1X1X2E2R motif had significant variations in GbNPFs, indicating changes in the potential dynamic proton transporting ability. The expression profiles of GbNRTs indicated that they may function in regulating nitrate uptake and modulating the signaling of auxin and polyphenols biosynthesis, thereby affecting browning in Ginkgo callus induction. These findings provide a better understanding of the role of NRTs during NO3- uptake and utilization in vitro culture, which is crucial to prevent browning and develop an efficient regeneration and suspension production system in Ginkgo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Can Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaqi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fuliang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China.
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Rakhmanova T, Mokrousova V, Okotrub S, Kizilova E, Brusentsev E, Amstislavsky S. Effects of forskolin on cryopreservation and embryo development in the domestic cat. Theriogenology 2023; 210:192-198. [PMID: 37523940 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
One of the approaches to improve cryotolerance in lipid-rich embryos is to modify their lipidome in vitro. This work is aimed to study the effects of forskolin exposure on the in vitro embryo development of the domestic cat and to evaluate how the change in lipid content affects the cryopreservation results. In vitro-derived embryos were cultured with 10 μM forskolin from the 2-cell stage for 24 h or 96/168 h to the morula/blastocyst stage. Some of the embryos treated with forskolin for 24 h were cryopreserved with slow freezing, the other ones were used to characterize their developmental rates and the amount of intracellular lipids. The in vitro exposure to forskolin had a positive effect on the embryo development, as more embryos developed to the morula stage in the forskolin-treated group (92.9%) compared to the controls (64.7%) after 120 h of in vitro culture (IVC). Nile Red staining revealed a reduced amount of intracellular lipids in the forskolin-treated embryos. The percentage of embryos developed to the morula stage was lower in the frozen-thawed embryos not treated with forskolin (54.5%), but not in the frozen-thawed forskolin-treated group (63.6%) as compared to non-frozen controls (80.8%). Thus, the exposure of embryos to forskolin in vitro reduced the level of intracellular lipids and affected embryo development before and after cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Rakhmanova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prosp. Lavrentyeva 10, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valentina Mokrousova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prosp. Lavrentyeva 10, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana Okotrub
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prosp. Lavrentyeva 10, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena Kizilova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prosp. Lavrentyeva 10, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Eugeny Brusentsev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prosp. Lavrentyeva 10, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Sergei Amstislavsky
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prosp. Lavrentyeva 10, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Tang S, Jones C, Dye J, Coward K. Dissociation, enrichment, and the in vitro formation of gonocyte colonies from cryopreserved neonatal bovine testicular tissues. Theriogenology 2023; 210:143-153. [PMID: 37499372 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Gonocytes play an important role in early development of spermatogonial stem cells and fertility preservation to acquire more high quality gonocytes in vitro for further germ cell-related research and applications, it is necessarily needed to enrich and in vitro propagate gonocytes from cryopreserved bovine testicular tissues. This study aimed to investigate the isolation, enrichment, and colony formation of gonocytes in vitro for germ cell expansion from cryopreserved neonatal bovine testicular tissues. The effects of several different in vitro culture conditions, including seeding density, temperature, serum replacement and extracellular matrices were investigated for the maintenance, proliferation and formation of gonocyte colonies in vitro. Frozen/thawed two-week-old neonatal bovine testicular tissues were digested and gonocytes were enriched using a Percoll density gradient. Cell viability was accessed by trypan blue staining and cell apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL assays. Gonocytes were identified and confirmed by immunofluorescence with the PGP9.5 germ cell marker and the OCT4 pluripotency marker while Sertoli cells were stained with vimentin. We found that neonatal bovine gonocytes were efficiently enriched by a 30%-40% Percoll density gradient (p < 0.05). No significant differences were detected between neonatal bovine testicular cells cultured at 34 °C or 37 °C. The formation of gonocyte colonies was observed in culture medium supplemented with knockout serum replacement (KSR), but not fetal bovine serum (FBS), at a seeding density higher than 5.0 × 104 cells/well. A greater number of gonocyte colonies were observed in culture plates coated with laminin (38.00 ± 6.24/well) and Matrigel (38.67 ± 3.78/well) when compared to plates coated with collagen IV and fibronectin (p < 0.05). In conclusion, bovine neonatal gonocytes were able to be efficiently isolated, enriched and maintained in gonocyte colonies in vitro; the development of this protocol provides vital information for the clinical translation of this technology and the future restoration of human fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Tang
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Celine Jones
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Dye
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Coward
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Chang W, Li Y, Liu F, Zang K, Zhang P, Qu S, Zhao J, Xue J. Isolation and Cultivation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells from the Mouse Circle of Willis. J Vasc Res 2023; 60:234-244. [PMID: 37643584 PMCID: PMC10614493 DOI: 10.1159/000532033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Culturing cerebrovascular smooth muscle cells (CVSMCs) in vitro can provide a model for studying many cerebrovascular diseases. This study describes a convenient and efficient method to obtain mouse CVSMCs by enzyme digestion. METHODS Mouse circle of Willis was isolated, digested, and cultured with platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) to promote CVSMC growth, and CVSMCs were identified by morphology, immunofluorescence analysis, and flow cytometry. The effect of PDGF-BB on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation was evaluated by cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assay, morphological observations, Western blotting, and flow cytometry. RESULTS CVSMCs cultured in a PDGF-BB-free culture medium had a typical peak-to-valley growth pattern after approximately 14 days. Immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry detected strong positive expression of the cell type-specific markers alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), smooth muscle myosin heavy chain 11 (SMMHC), smooth muscle protein 22 (SM22), calponin, and desmin. In the CCK-8 assay and Western blotting, cells incubated with PDGF-BB had significantly enhanced proliferation compared to those without PDGF-BB. CONCLUSION We obtained highly purified VSMCs from the mouse circle of Willis using simple methods, providing experimental materials for studying the pathogenesis and treatment of neurovascular diseases in vitro. Moreover, the experimental efficiency improved with PDGF-BB, shortening the cell cultivation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chang
- Center for Aerospace Clinical Medicine, Department of Aerospace Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yajuan Li
- Center for Aerospace Clinical Medicine, Department of Aerospace Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fengzhou Liu
- Center for Aerospace Clinical Medicine, Department of Aerospace Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Aviation Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Kehai Zang
- Center for Aerospace Clinical Medicine, Department of Aerospace Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Peiran Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shuai Qu
- Center for Aerospace Clinical Medicine, Department of Aerospace Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jingyu Zhao
- Department of Aviation Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Junhui Xue
- Center for Aerospace Clinical Medicine, Department of Aerospace Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Aviation Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Kumar M, Sirohi U, Yadav MK, Chaudhary V. In Vitro Culture Technology and Advanced Biotechnology Tools Toward Improvement in Gladiolus (Gladiolus species): Present Scenario and Future Prospects. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00818-8. [PMID: 37528332 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00818-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
In the world's flower trade, gladiolus (Gladiolus spp.) is ranked first among bulbous flowers and eighth among cut flowers, with more than 30,000 different cultivars being grown. Mass multiplication and commercialization are restricted by the traditional propagation methods. However, the large-scale proliferation and improvement of the gladiolus have been accomplished with the aid of plant tissue culture and other biotechnological techniques. The current review includes a thorough examination of the growth and development parameters required for successful in vitro gladiolus development as well as cormel formation. Moreover, focus is being given to various techniques and methods such as in vitro cytogenetic stability and modification of chromosome number, in vitro mutagenesis and selection of pest resistance, in vitro identification and selection to develop virus-free germplasm, cryopreservation, synthetic seed technology, identifying virus diseases by RT-PCR, somaclonal variation, and protoplast and somatic hybridization. Molecular markers and their applications for genetic diversity analysis, relationships between different genotypes, and clonal stability analysis in Gladiolus species have been conducted by several research groups worldwide and are also being discussed. The article also covers efforts to enhance the functionality of plant phenotypes through genetic transformation. Future prospects for further improvement of ornamental gladiolus are also explored. Overall, the current review provides insight into the applications of basic and advanced biotechnological tools for gladiolus improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar
- College of Horticulture, SVPUAT, Meerut, UP, 250110, India.
| | - Ujjwal Sirohi
- NIPGR, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Yadav
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, SVPUAT, Meerut, UP, 250110, India
| | - Veena Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Meerut College, Meerut, 250002, India
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26
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Jafari M, Daneshvar MH. Prediction and optimization of indirect shoot regeneration of Passiflora caerulea using machine learning and optimization algorithms. BMC Biotechnol 2023; 23:27. [PMID: 37528396 PMCID: PMC10394921 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-023-00796-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimization of indirect shoot regeneration protocols is one of the key prerequisites for the development of Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation and/or genome editing in Passiflora caerulea. Comprehensive knowledge of indirect shoot regeneration and optimized protocol can be obtained by the application of a combination of machine learning (ML) and optimization algorithms. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present investigation, the indirect shoot regeneration responses (i.e., de novo shoot regeneration rate, the number of de novo shoots, and length of de novo shoots) of P. caerulea were predicted based on different types and concentrations of PGRs (i.e., TDZ, BAP, PUT, KIN, and IBA) as well as callus types (i.e., callus derived from different explants including leaf, node, and internode) using generalized regression neural network (GRNN) and random forest (RF). Moreover, the developed models were integrated into the genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the concentration of PGRs and callus types for maximizing indirect shoot regeneration responses. Moreover, sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the importance of each input variable on the studied parameters. RESULTS The results showed that both algorithms (RF and GRNN) had high predictive accuracy (R2 > 0.86) in both training and testing sets for modeling all studied parameters. Based on the results of optimization process, the highest de novo shoot regeneration rate (100%) would be obtained from callus derived from nodal segments cultured in the medium supplemented with 0.77 mg/L BAP plus 2.41 mg/L PUT plus 0.06 mg/L IBA. The results of the sensitivity analysis showed the explant-dependent impact of exogenous application of PGRs on indirect de novo shoot regeneration. CONCLUSIONS A combination of ML (GRNN and RF) and GA can display a forward-thinking aid to optimize and predict in vitro culture systems and consequentially cope with several challenges faced currently in Passiflora tissue culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Jafari
- Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 7144113131, Iran.
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, 6341773637, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hosein Daneshvar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, 6341773637, Iran
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27
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Lu X, Liu X, Zhong H, Zhang W, Yu S, Guan R. [Progress on three-dimensional cell culture technology and their application]. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 2023; 40:602-608. [PMID: 37380403 PMCID: PMC10307603 DOI: 10.7507/1001-5515.202204062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model is a system that co-culture carriers with 3D structural materials and different types of cells in vitro to simulate the microenvironment in vivo. This novel cell culture model has been proved to be close to the natural system in vivo. In the process of cell attachment, migration, mitosis and apoptosis, it could produce biological reactions different from that of monolayer cell culture. Therefore, it can be used as an ideal model to evaluate the dynamic pharmacological effects of active substances and the metastasis process of cancer cells. This paper compared and analyzed the different characteristics of cell growth and development under two-dimensional (2D) and 3D model culture and introduced the establishment method of 3D cell model. The application progress of 3D cell culture technology in tumor model and intestinal absorption model was summarized. Finally, the application prospect of 3D cell model in the evaluation and screening of active substance was revealed. This review is expected to provide reference for the development and application of new 3D cell culture models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Shuzhen Yu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Rongfa Guan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
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28
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Wang CT, Zhou JL, Lin GL, Yin SY, Cong L, Zhang GN, An Y, Qiu XY. [Advances in three-dimensional tumor models for colorectal cancer]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2023; 45:464-470. [PMID: 37355464 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20220928-00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Conventional tumor culture models include two-dimensional tumor cell cultures and xenograft models. The former has disadvantages including lack of tumor heterogeneity and poor clinical relevance, while the latter are limited by the slow growth, low engraftment successful rate, and high cost. In recent years, in vitro three-dimensional (3D) tumor models have emerged as the tool to better recapitulate the spatial structure and the in vivo environment of tumors. In addition, they preserve the pathological and genetic features of tumor cells and reflect the complex intracellular and extracellular interactions of tumors, which have become a powerful tool for investigating the tumor mechanism, drug screening, and personalized cancer treatment. 3D tumor model technologies such as spheroids, organoids, and microfluidic devices are maturing. Application of new technologies such as co-culture, 3D bioprinting, and air-liquid interface has further improved the clinical relevance of the models. Some models recapitulate the tumor microenvironment, and some can even reconstitute endogenous immune components and microvasculature. In recent years, some scholars have combined xenograft models with organoid technology to develop matched in vivo/in vitro model biobanks, giving full play to the advantages of the two technologies, and providing an ideal research platform for individualized precision therapy for specific molecular targets in certain subtypes of tumors. So far, the above technologies have been widely applied in the field of colorectal cancer research. Our research team is currently studying upon the application of patient-derived tumor cell-like clusters, a self-assembly 3D tumor model, in guiding the selection of postoperative chemotherapy regimens for colorectal cancer. A high modeling success rate and satisfactory results in the drug screening experiments have been achieved. There is no doubt that with the advancement of related technologies, 3D tumor models will play an increasingly important role in the research and clinical practice of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J L Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - G L Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - S Y Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China
| | - L Cong
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - G N Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y An
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X Y Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Logsdon DM, Churchwell A, Schoolcraft WB, Krisher RL, Yuan Y. Estrogen signaling encourages blastocyst development and implantation potential. J Assist Reprod Genet 2023; 40:1003-1014. [PMID: 37017886 PMCID: PMC10239412 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-02783-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Estrogen is well-known for preparing uterine receptivity. However, its roles in regulating embryo development and implantation are unclear. Our objective was to characterize estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) in human and mouse embryos and determine the effect of estradiol (E2) supplementation on pre- and peri-implantation blastocyst development. METHODS Mouse embryos, 8-cell through hatched blastocyst stages, and human embryonic days 5-7 blastocysts were stained for ESR1 and imaged using confocal microscopy. We then treated 8-cell mouse embryos with 8 nM E2 during in vitro culture (IVC) and examined embryo morphokinetics, blastocyst development, and cell allocation into the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE). Finally, we disrupted ESR1, using ICI 182,780, and evaluated peri-implantation development. RESULTS ESR1 exhibits nuclear localization in early blastocysts followed by aggregation, predominantly in the TE of hatching and hatched blastocysts, in human and mouse embryos. During IVC, most E2 was absorbed by the mineral oil, and no effect on embryo development was found. When IVC was performed without an oil overlay, embryos treated with E2 exhibited increased blastocyst development and ICM:TE ratio. Additionally, embryos treated with ICI 182,780 had significantly decreased trophoblast outgrowth during extended embryo culture. CONCLUSION Similar ESR1 localization in mouse and human blastocysts suggests a conserved role in blastocyst development. These mechanisms may be underappreciated due to the use of mineral oil during conventional IVC. This work provides important context for how estrogenic toxicants may impact reproductive health and offers an avenue to further optimize human-assisted reproductive technology (ART) to treat infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deirdre M. Logsdon
- Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, 10290 RidgeGate Circle, Lone Tree, CO 80124 USA
| | - Ashlyn Churchwell
- Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, 10290 RidgeGate Circle, Lone Tree, CO 80124 USA
| | - William B. Schoolcraft
- Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, 10290 RidgeGate Circle, Lone Tree, CO 80124 USA
| | | | - Ye Yuan
- Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, 10290 RidgeGate Circle, Lone Tree, CO 80124 USA
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30
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Zhang C, Dong X, Yin X, Yuan X, Wang J, Song J, Hou Z, Li C, Wu K. Developmental toxicity of 2-bromoacetamide on peri- and early post-implantation mouse embryos in vitro. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 252:114612. [PMID: 36774798 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
2-bromoacetamide (BAcAm), a new class of disinfection by-products (DBPs), is widely detected in drinking water across the world. Reports of the high cytogenetic toxicity of BAcAm have aroused public attention concerning its toxic effects on early embryonic development. In this study, we optimized an in vitro culture (IVC) system for peri- and early post-implantation mouse embryos and used this system to determine the developmental toxicity of BAcAm. We found that exposure to BAcAm caused a reduction in egg cylinder formation rate and abnormal lineage differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. Transcriptomic analysis further revealed that BAcAm exposure at early developmental stages altered the abundance of transcripts related to a variety of biological processes including gene expression, metabolism, cell proliferation, cell death and embryonic development, thus indicating its toxic effects on embryonic development. Thus, we developed a robust tool for studying the toxicology of chemicals at the early stages of embryonic development and demonstrated the developmental toxicity of BAcAm in the early embryonic development of mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxin Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xueqi Dong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xinyi Yuan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jinzhu Song
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zhenzhen Hou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Keliang Wu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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Mladineo I, Charouli A, Jelić F, Chakroborty A, Hrabar J. In vitro culture of the zoonotic nematode Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda, Anisakidae). Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:51. [PMID: 36732837 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05629-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anisakiasis is a foodborne disease caused by the third-stage larvae (L3) of two species belonging to the genus Anisakis: Anisakis pegreffii and Anisakis simplex sensu stricto. Both species have been the subject of different -omics studies undertaken in the past decade, but a reliable in vitro culture protocol that would enable a more versatile approach to functional studies has never been devised. In nature, A. pegreffii shows a polyxenous life-cycle. It reproduces in toothed whales (final host) and disseminates embryonated eggs via cetacean faeces in the water column. In the environment, a first- (L1) and second-stage larva (L2) develops inside the egg, and subsequently hatched L2 is ingested by a planktonic crustacean or small fish (intermediate host). In the crustacean pseudocoelom, the larva moults to the third stage (L3) and grows until the host is eaten by a fish or cephalopod (paratenic host). Infective L3 migrates into the visceral cavity of its paratenic host and remains in the state of paratenesis until a final host preys on the former. Once in the final host's gastric chambers, L3 attaches to mucosa, moults in the fourth stage (L4) and closes its life-cycle by becoming reproductively mature. METHODS Testing two commercially available media (RPMI 1640, Schneider's Drosophila) in combination with each of the six different heat-inactivated sera, namely foetal bovine, rabbit, chicken, donkey, porcine and human serum, we have obtained the first reliable, fast and simple in vitro cultivation protocol for A. pegreffii. RESULTS Schneider's Drosophila insect media supplemented with 10% chicken serum allowed high reproducibility and survival of adult A. pegreffii. The maturity was reached already at the beginning of the third week in culture. From collected eggs, hatched L2 were maintained in culture for 2 weeks. The protocol also enabled the description of undocumented morphological and ultrastructural features of the parasite developmental stages. CONCLUSIONS Closing of the A. pegreffii life-cycle from L3 to reproducing adults is an important step from many research perspectives (e.g., vaccine and drug-target research, transgenesis, pathogenesis), but further effort is necessary to optimise the efficient moulting of L2 to infective L3.
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WANG J, JIN QG, LIU RP, WANG XQ, LI YH, KIM NH, XU YN. Dihydromyricetin supplementation during in vitro culture improves porcine oocyte developmental competence by regulating oxidative stress. J Reprod Dev 2023; 69:10-17. [PMID: 36403957 PMCID: PMC9939282 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2022-031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydromyricetin (DHM), a dihydroflavonoid compound, exhibits a variety of biological activities, including antitumor activity. However, the effects of DHM on mammalian reproductive processes, especially during early embryonic development, remain unclear. In this study, we added DHM to porcine zygotic medium to explore the influence and underlying mechanisms of DHM on the developmental competence of parthenogenetically activated porcine embryos. Supplementation with 5 μM DHM during in vitro culture (IVC) significantly improved blastocyst formation rate and increased the total number of cells in porcine embryos. Further, DHM supplementation also improved glutathione levels and mitochondrial membrane potential; reduced natural reactive oxygen species levels in blastomeres and apoptosis rate; upregulated Nanog, Oct4, SOD1, SOD2, Sirt1, and Bcl2 expression; and downregulated Beclin1, ATG12, and Bax expression. Collectively, DHM supplementation regulated oxidative stress during IVC and could act as a potential antioxidant during in vitro porcine oocytes maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing WANG
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529000,
China
| | - Qing-Guo JIN
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Rong-Ping LIU
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529000,
China
| | - Xin-Qin WANG
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529000,
China
| | - Ying-Hua LI
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529000,
China
| | - Nam-Hyung KIM
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529000,
China
| | - Yong-Nan XU
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529000,
China
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Kibar G, Dutta S, Rege K, Usta OB. Evaluation of drug carrier hepatotoxicity using primary cell culture models. Nanomedicine 2023; 48:102651. [PMID: 36623713 PMCID: PMC10492629 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to establish a primary rat hepatocyte culture model to evaluate dose-dependent hepatotoxic effects of drug carriers (lipopolymer nanoparticles; LPNs) temporal. Primary rat hepatocyte cell cultures were used to determine half-maximal Inhibition Concentrations (IC50) of the drug-carrier library. Drug-carrier library, at concentrations <50 μg/mL, is benign to primary rat hepatocytes as determined using albumin and urea secretions. Albumin, as a hepatic biomarker, exhibited a more sensitive and faster outcome, compared to urea, for the determination of the IC50 value of LPNs. Temporal measurements of hepatic biomarkers including urea and albumin, and rigorous physicochemical (hydrodynamic diameter, surface charge, etc.) characterization, should be combined to evaluate the hepatotoxicity of drug carrier libraries in screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güneş Kibar
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Adana 01250, Turkey
| | - Subhadeep Dutta
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Kaushal Rege
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; Biological Design Graduate Program, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
| | - O Berk Usta
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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Zaytseva Y, Petruk A, Novikova T. Thidiazuron and LED Lighting Enhance Taxifolin and Rutin Production in Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz. Microshoot Culture. J Plant Growth Regul 2023; 42:2933-2942. [PMID: 35975274 PMCID: PMC9374291 DOI: 10.1007/s00344-022-10757-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz., distributed throughout the northern region of East Asia has been considered to be an alternative natural source of taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) and rutin. The present study was conducted based on a biotechnological approach to develop an environment friendly and efficient system to produce taxifolin and rutin in R. mucronulatum microshoots, using different thidiazuron (TDZ) treatments (0.1; 0.5; 2.5 µM) in combination with various types of lighting including fluorescent (FL) and light-emitting diode (LED) (R/B- 80% red + 20% blue; 5LED-20% red + 20% blue + 20% green + 20% yellow + 20% white). The highest number of shoots per explant was obtained under 0.5 µM TDZ combined with 5LED in comparison with FL lighting. Among shoot clusters obtained under different lighting types and TDZ concentrations, a considerable increase in fresh and dry weight was observed in ones cultivated on medium, supplemented with 2.5 µM TDZ under FL and 0.5 µM TDZ at R/B or 5LED. The content of total chlorophylls in R. mucronulatum microshoots increased on TDZ-free medium under FL lighting, whereas, the TDZ treatment decreased chlorophylls concentration at FL and 5LED. The use of 0.1 µM TDZ at 5LED decreased the ratio of chlorophylls a + b to carotenoids and led to the highest accumulation of taxifolin and rutin, quercetin, hyperoside, and avicularin. Thus, it has been demonstrated that the application of combined action of LED and TDZ has great potential in terms of propagation efficiency, biomass accumulation, and taxifolin and rutin production in R. mucronulatum microshoots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulianna Zaytseva
- Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, st. Zolotodolinskaya, 101, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia Petruk
- Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, st. Zolotodolinskaya, 101, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana Novikova
- Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, st. Zolotodolinskaya, 101, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russian Federation
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Patrocinio TA, Fernandes CAC, Macedo GC, Silva ADD, Barbosa NRR, Quintao CCR, Ribeiro MEDS, Camargo LSA. RA33, an analogue of resveratrol, improves the development of in vitro-fertilized bovine embryos. ZYGOTE 2022;:1-4. [PMID: 36148879 DOI: 10.1017/S0967199422000430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an undesirable effect of in vitro culture, which requires antioxidant supplementation. This study investigated the analogue of resveratrol (RA33) as an alternative to resveratrol, an antioxidant molecule, for the in vitro culture of in vitro-fertilized bovine embryos. The effect of different concentrations of RA33 on embryo development was evaluated and a comparison between RA33 and resveratrol was performed. The cleavage rate was higher (P < 0.05) with 2.5 μM (69.0 ± 4.4%) than at 0, 0.1 or 0.5 μM RA33 (62.1 ± 2.0%, 60.7 ± 5.9% and 56.7 ± 5.8%, respectively). The blastocyst rates on days 7 and 8 post-fertilization with 2.5 μM RA33 (19.4 ± 3.3% and 24.6 ± 3.3%, respectively) were higher (P < 0.05) than for 0 μM (12.4 ± 2.5% and 15.2±2.5%, respectively). When 2.5 μM RA33 was compared with 0.5 μM resveratrol, similar (P > 0.05) cleavage and blastocyst rates were found between them, but the cleavage rate was higher (P < 0.05) in the control (80.8 ± 3.4%) than for the resveratrol treatment (76.4 ± 3.6%). The numbers of apoptotic cells and the apoptotic index were lower (P < 0.05) with RA33 (6.5 ± 0.6 cells and 6.4 ± 0.7%, respectively) and resveratrol (5 ± 0.8 cells and 5.5 ± 1.0%, respectively) than in the control group (9.8 ± 1.2 cells and 8.9 ± 1.1%, respectively). In conclusion, RA33 can enhance the preimplantation development of in vitro-fertilized bovine embryos and be an alternative to resveratrol in embryo culture medium.
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Azevedo VAN, Barroso PAA, Vasconcelos EM, Costa FC, Assis EIT, Silva BR, Paulino LRM, Silva AWB, Donato MMA, Peixoto CA, Silva JRV, Souza ALP. Effects of Aloe vera extract on growth, viability, ultrastructure and expression of mRNA for antioxidant enzymes in bovine secondary follicles cultured in vitro. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 247:107078. [PMID: 36179655 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Aloe vera extract on follicular growth, viability, ultrastructure, and mRNA levels for superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) and peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) in bovine secondary follicles cultured in vitro. To this end, secondary follicles were mechanically isolated from the ovarian cortex and cultured at 38.5 °C, with 5% CO2 in air, for 18 days in TCM-199+ alone or supplemented with 2.5%, 5.0%, 10.0% and 20.0% Aloe vera extract. Follicular growth, morphology and antrum formation were evaluated every 6 days, while ultrastructure was evaluated at the end of culture. Analysis of viability was performed by calcein-AM and ethidium homodimer-1, while mRNA levels for SOD, CAT, GPX1 and PRDX6 were evaluated by real-time PCR at the end of culture. The results show that follicles cultured with 2.5% Aloe vera had increased the rate of antrum formation, while 2.5% and 5.0% Aloe vera improved follicular viability rate. Follicles cultured with 2.5% and 10.0% Aloe vera increased the levels of mRNA for SOD and GPX1 respectively, but the levels of CAT were reduced in follicles cultured with 2.5%, 5.0%, 10.0% and 20.0%. Additionally, follicles cultured with 2.5% of Aloe vera had their ultrastructure well preserved, while those cultured with 5.0%, 10.0% and 20.0% exhibited increased oocyte vacuolization and damaged organelles. In conclusion, 2.5% Aloe vera increases antrum formation, viability and expression of mRNA for SOD in cultured secondary follicles, but higher concentrations of Aloe vera have negative effects on follicular ultrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venância A N Azevedo
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Pedro A A Barroso
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Erlândia M Vasconcelos
- Laboratory of Media Preparation and In vitro Production of Embryos, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Francisco C Costa
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Ernando I T Assis
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Bianca R Silva
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Laís R M Paulino
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Anderson W B Silva
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Mariana M A Donato
- Laboratory of Ultrastructure, CPqAM/FIOCRUZ, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Cristina A Peixoto
- Laboratory of Ultrastructure, CPqAM/FIOCRUZ, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - José R V Silva
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, CE, Brazil.
| | - Ana L P Souza
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara, Sobral, CE, Brazil
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Veraguas-Dávila D, Saéz-Ruíz D, Álvarez MC, Saravia F, Castro FO, Rodríguez-Alvarez L. Analysis of trophectoderm markers in domestic cat blastocysts cultured without zona pellucida. ZYGOTE 2022;:1-8. [PMID: 36043362 DOI: 10.1017/S096719942200034X] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Domestic cat embryos generated by in vitro fertilization (IVF) and cultured without the zona pellucida have a reduced implantation capacity after embryo transfer at the blastocyst stage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the expression of trophectoderm markers in domestic cat blastocysts cultured without the zona pellucida. Two experimental groups were selected: (1) domestic cat embryos generated by IVF and cultured in vitro normally (zona intact group, ZI); and (2) domestic cat embryos generated by IVF and cultured in vitro without a zona pellucida (zona-free group, ZF). In the ZF group, the zona pellucida of the presumptive zygote was removed and these were cultured using the well of the well (WOW) system. In vitro culture was carried out for 7 days. The cleavage, morula and blastocyst rates were estimated. Finally, the relative expression levels of the trophectoderm markers TEAD4, YAP1, CDX2 and EOMES, the cell adhesion marker E-cadherin and the apoptosis marker CASP3 were evaluated by RT-qPCR in the blastocysts. The Wilcoxon test was used to evaluate differences (P < 0.05). No differences were observed in the cleavage, morula and blastocyst rates between the ZF and ZI groups. No differences were found in the expression of TEAD4, CDX2, E-cadherin and CASP3 between groups. The expression of YAP1 and EOMES was higher in ZF blastocysts than in ZI blastocysts. In conclusion, the in vitro culture without the zona pellucida generates an overexpression of YAP1 and EOMES in the domestic cat blastocysts. More studies are needed to confirm if this overexpression might affect in vivo development.
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Liu S, Feng K, An S, Qiu J, Zhou Q, Yang Y. 2,4,6-triiodophenol exhibits embryotoxicity to pre-implantation mouse embryos in an in vitro exposure model. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 241:113745. [PMID: 35691197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
2,4,6-triiodophenol (TIP), a novel type of halophenolic disinfection byproducts, has been widely detected in water bodies, even in drinking water. Recently, TIP has drawn increasing concerns on account of considerable developmental toxicity towards lower organisms and cytotoxicity for mammalian cells. However, it remains unknown about its toxicity on mammalian pre-implantation embryos. Here, by exposing mouse zygotes derived in vitro fertilization to TIP, which ranged from 5 to 50 μM, we found that TIP impaired the quality of pre-implantation mouse embryos in a dose-dependent manner, inducing decline of both total and trophectoderm cell numbers, enhancing caspase 3/7 activity and reactive oxygen species generation, though it did not decrease blastocyst formation efficiency. For the sake that only high qualified embryos are able to implant in endometrium and generate health body finally, we applied a previously modified in vitro culture system to assess TIP-exposed blastocysts' further developmental potency beyond pre-implantation stage. Surprisingly, although the exposed dose was only 5 μM and TIP was removed as soon as the zygotes reached blastocyst stage, these blastocysts still nearly lost their implantation and egg cylinder formation ability, exhibiting abnormal embryonic lineage differentiation pattern as well. Therefore, our study not only entirely shows TIP embryonic toxicity on mouse pre-implantation embryos, but also proposes a model to evaluate embryotoxicity from the zygote to egg cylinder stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siya Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ke Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Shiyu An
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jingfan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Gammoudi N, Nagaz K, Ferchichi A. Establishment of optimized in vitro disinfection protocol of Pistacia vera L. explants mediated a computational approach: multilayer perceptron-multi-objective genetic algorithm. BMC Plant Biol 2022; 22:324. [PMID: 35790933 PMCID: PMC9254583 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03674-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contamination-free culture is a prerequisite for the success of in vitro - based plant biotechnology. Aseptic initiation is an extremely strenuous stride, particularly in woody species. Meanwhile, over-sterilization is potentially detrimental to plant tissue. The recent rise of machine learning algorithms in plant tissue culture proposes an advanced interpretive tool for the combinational effect of influential factors for such in vitro - based steps. RESULTS A multilayer perceptron (MLP) model of artificial neural network (ANN) was implemented with four inputs, three sterilizing chemicals at various concentrations and the immersion time, and two outputs, disinfection efficiency (DE) and negative disinfection effect (NDE), intending to assess twenty-seven disinfection procedures of Pistacia vera L. seeds. Mercury chloride (HgCl2; 0.05-0.2%; 5-15 min) appears the most effective with 100% DE, then hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; 5.25-12.25%; 10-30 min) with 66-100% DE, followed by 27-77% DE for sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl; 0.54-1.26% w/v; 10-30 min). Concurrently, NDE was detected, including chlorosis, hard embryo germination, embryo deformation, and browning tissue, namely, a low repercussion with NaOCl (0-14%), a moderate impact with H2O2 (6-46%), and pronounced damage with HgCl2 (22-100%). Developed ANN showed R values of 0.9658, 0.9653, 0.8937, and 0.9454 for training, validation, testing, and all sets, respectively, which revealed the uprightness of the model. Subsequently, the model was linked to multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) which proposed an optimized combination of 0.56% NaOCl, 12.23% H2O2, and 0.068% HgCl2 for 5.022 min. The validation assay reflects the high utility and accuracy of the model with maximum DE (100%) and lower phytotoxicity (7.1%). CONCLUSION In one more case, machine learning algorithms emphasized their ability to resolve commonly encountered problems. The current successful implementation of MLP-MOGA inspires its application for more complicated plant tissue culture processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najet Gammoudi
- Arid and Oases Cropping Laboratory, Arid Lands Institute (IRA), 4119, Medenine, Tunisia.
| | - Kamel Nagaz
- Arid and Oases Cropping Laboratory, Arid Lands Institute (IRA), 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Ali Ferchichi
- National Institute of Agronomy of Tunis, 43 Charles Nicolle, 1082, Tunis, Tunisia
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Iqbal R, Khan T. Application of exogenous melatonin in vitro and in planta: a review of its effects and mechanisms of action. Biotechnol Lett 2022; 44:933-950. [PMID: 35751787 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-022-03270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a natural indolamine that regulates many physiological functions in plants. The most prominent role of melatonin in plants has been its ability to work as an anti-stressor agent. Exogenous melatonin can prevent cell death and promote cell proliferation through its antioxidant properties, enhancement of polyamine biosynthesis, and the ability to shift cell metabolism in case of stressors like sugar starvation. Melatonin scavenges reactive oxygen species and thus preventing damage to cell membranes and other organelles. Its application in different plant culture systems reveals its important physiological and biochemical roles during the growth and development of these cultures. It has been observed that the exogenous melatonin protects callus culture, reduces cold-induced apoptosis in cell suspension, and stimulates adventitious and lateral roots formation. This review presents the physiological and biochemical effects of exogenous melatonin on in vitro culture systems, including its impact on biomass accumulation, growth, and development of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reema Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, 18800, Pakistan.,Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, 18800, Pakistan.
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Cadiz MP, Jensen TD, Sens JP, Zhu K, Song WM, Zhang B, Ebbert M, Chang R, Fryer JD. Culture shock: microglial heterogeneity, activation, and disrupted single-cell microglial networks in vitro. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:26. [PMID: 35346293 PMCID: PMC8962153 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00531-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, play a critical role in numerous diseases, but are a minority cell type and difficult to genetically manipulate in vivo with viral vectors and other approaches. Primary cultures allow a more controlled setting to investigate these cells, but morphological and transcriptional changes upon removal from their normal brain environment raise many caveats from in vitro studies. METHODS To investigate whether cultured microglia recapitulate in vivo microglial signatures, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) to compare microglia freshly isolated from the brain to primary microglial cultures. We performed cell population discovery, differential expression analysis, and gene co-expression module analysis to compare signatures between in vitro and in vivo microglia. We constructed causal predictive network models of transcriptional regulators from the scRNAseq data and identified a set of potential key drivers of the cultured phenotype. To validate this network analysis, we knocked down two of these key drivers, C1qc and Prdx1, in primary cultured microglia and quantified changes in microglial activation markers. RESULTS We found that, although often assumed to be a relatively homogenous population of cells in culture, in vitro microglia are a highly heterogeneous population consisting of distinct subpopulations of cells with transcriptional profiles reminiscent of macrophages and monocytes, and are marked by transcriptional programs active in neurodegeneration and other disease states. We found that microglia in vitro presented transcriptional activation of a set of "culture shock genes" not found in freshly isolated microglia, characterized by strong upregulation of disease-associated genes including Apoe, Lyz2, and Spp1, and downregulation of homeostatic microglial markers, including Cx3cr1, P2ry12, and Tmem119. Finally, we found that cultured microglia prominently alter their transcriptional machinery modulated by key drivers from the homeostatic to activated phenotype. Knockdown of one of these drivers, C1qc, resulted in downregulation of microglial activation genes Lpl, Lyz2, and Ccl4. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our data suggest that when removed from their in vivo home environment, microglia suffer a severe case of "culture shock", drastically modulating their transcriptional regulatory network state from homeostatic to activated through upregulation of modules of culture-specific genes. Consequently, cultured microglia behave as a disparate cell type that does not recapitulate the homeostatic signatures of microglia in vivo. Finally, our predictive network model discovered potential key drivers that may convert activated microglia back to their homeostatic state, allowing for more accurate representation of in vivo states in culture. Knockdown of key driver C1qc partially attenuated microglial activation in vitro, despite C1qc being only weakly upregulated in culture. This suggests that even genes that are not strongly differentially expressed across treatments or preparations may drive downstream transcriptional changes in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika P Cadiz
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Tanner D Jensen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Jonathon P Sens
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Kuixi Zhu
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Won-Min Song
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Mark Ebbert
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Biomedical Informatics, and Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Rui Chang
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
| | - John D Fryer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA. .,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.
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Merkle SA, Koch JL, Tull AR, Dassow JE, Carey DW, Barnes BF, Richins MWM, Montello PM, Eidle KR, House LT, Herms DA, Gandhi KJ. Application of somatic embryogenesis for development of emerald ash borer-resistant white ash and green ash varietals. New For (Dordr) 2022; 54:1-22. [PMID: 35344318 PMCID: PMC8933133 DOI: 10.1007/s11056-022-09903-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis; EAB) has devastated populations of ash (Fraxinus spp.) trees in dozens of U.S. states and Canada over the past few decades. The continued survival of scattered ash trees known as "lingering ash" in heavily infested natural stands, however, offers evidence of genetic resistance or tolerance to EAB. These surviving or "lingering" ash individuals may form the basis for reforestation programs in EAB-impacted areas, and clonal mass-propagation of these genotypes can help accelerate these efforts. Between 2013 and 2018, we initiated embryogenic cultures by culturing immature zygotic embryos from open-pollinated (OP) seeds collected from several surviving white ash and green ash trees in Michigan and Pennsylvania. In addition, in 2018, we initiated cultures from crosses made between lingering green ash parents from the USDA Forest Service ash breeding program in Ohio. Somatic embryos were produced by growing cultures in liquid suspension, followed by fractionation and plating on semisolid medium to produce developmentally synchronous populations of somatic embryos. Somatic embryo germination and conversion were enhanced by a combination of pre-germination cold treatment and inclusion of activated charcoal and gibberellic acid in the germination medium. Ash somatic seedlings derived from OP explants grew rapidly following transfer to potting mix and somatic seedlings representing nine ash clones were acclimatized, grown in the greenhouse and planted in a preliminary field test, along with EAB-resistant Manchurian ash (F. mandshurica) and EAB-susceptible control seedlings. Somatic seedlings have now been produced from cultures that originated from seeds derived from the progeny of lingering green ash parents and an ex vitro germination protocol has shown some promise for accelerating early somatic seedling growth. Results of this research could provide the basis for scaled-up production of EAB-resistant ash varieties for seed orchard production for forest restoration and cultivar development for urban tree restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A. Merkle
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, 30602 Athens, GA United States
| | - Jennifer L. Koch
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 43015 Delaware, OH United States
| | - A. Ryan Tull
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, 30602 Athens, GA United States
| | - Jessica E. Dassow
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, 30602 Athens, GA United States
| | - David W. Carey
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 43015 Delaware, OH United States
| | - Brittany F. Barnes
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, 30602 Athens, GA United States
| | - Mason W. M. Richins
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, 30602 Athens, GA United States
| | - Paul M. Montello
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, 30602 Athens, GA United States
| | - Kira R. Eidle
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, 30602 Athens, GA United States
| | - Logan T. House
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, 30602 Athens, GA United States
| | | | - Kamal J.K. Gandhi
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, 30602 Athens, GA United States
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Almiñana C, Dubuisson F, Bauersachs S, Royer E, Mermillod P, Blesbois E, Guignot F. Unveiling how vitrification affects the porcine blastocyst: clues from a transcriptomic study. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:46. [PMID: 35303969 PMCID: PMC8932223 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00672-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, there is a high demand for efficient pig embryo cryopreservation procedures in the porcine industry as well as for genetic diversity preservation and research purposes. To date, vitrification (VIT) is the most efficient method for pig embryo cryopreservation. Despite a high number of embryos survives in vitro after vitrification/warming procedures, the in vivo embryo survival rates after embryo transfer are variable among laboratories. So far, most studies have focused on cryoprotective agents and devices, while the VIT effects on porcine embryonic gene expression remained unclear. The few studies performed were based on vitrified/warmed embryos that were cultured in vitro (IVC) to allow them to re–expand. Thus, the specific alterations of VIT, IVC, and the cumulative effect of both remained unknown. To unveil the VIT-specific embryonic alterations, gene expression in VIT versus (vs.) IVC embryos was analyzed. Additionally, changes derived from both VIT and IVC vs. control embryos (CO) were analyzed to confirm the VIT embryonic alterations. Three groups of in vivo embryos at the blastocyst stage were analyzed by RNA–sequencing: (1) VIT embryos (vitrified/warmed and cultured in vitro), (2) IVC embryos and (3) CO embryos. Results RNA–sequencing revealed three clearly different mRNA profiles for VIT, IVC and CO embryos. Comparative analysis of mRNA profiles between VIT and IVC identified 321, differentially expressed genes (DEG) (FDR < 0.006). In VIT vs. CO and IVC vs. CO, 1901 and 1519 DEG were found, respectively, with an overlap of 1045 genes. VIT-specific functional alterations were associated to response to osmotic stress, response to hormones, and developmental growth. While alterations in response to hypoxia and mitophagy were related to the sum of VIT and IVC effects. Conclusions Our findings revealed new insights into the VIT procedure-specific alterations of embryonic gene expression by first comparing differences in VIT vs. IVC embryos and second by an integrative transcriptome analysis including in vivo control embryos. The identified VIT alterations might reflect the transcriptional signature of the embryo cryodamage but also the embryo healing process overcoming the VIT impacts. Selected validated genes were pointed as potential biomarkers that may help to improve vitrification. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-021-00672-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Almiñana
- UMR PRC, INRAE 0085, CNRS 7247, Université de Tours, IFCE, F, -37380, Nouzilly, France. .,Functional Genomics Group, Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, VetSuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - F Dubuisson
- UMR PRC, INRAE 0085, CNRS 7247, Université de Tours, IFCE, F, -37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - S Bauersachs
- Functional Genomics Group, Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, VetSuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - E Royer
- UEPAO, INRAE, F, -37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - P Mermillod
- UMR PRC, INRAE 0085, CNRS 7247, Université de Tours, IFCE, F, -37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - E Blesbois
- UMR PRC, INRAE 0085, CNRS 7247, Université de Tours, IFCE, F, -37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - F Guignot
- UMR PRC, INRAE 0085, CNRS 7247, Université de Tours, IFCE, F, -37380, Nouzilly, France
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Okugi K, Kuwahara N, Yanome N, Yamada K, Ito T, Takano A, Ohira S, Nagai A, Toné S. An in vitro system for experimentally induced cryptorchidism. Histochem Cell Biol 2022. [PMID: 35190876 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-022-02078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cryptorchidism is one of the most common abnormalities of male sexual development, and is characterized by the failure of the testis to descend into the scrotum. Despite extensive studies of cryptorchidism over the past century, the mechanisms for temperature-induced germ-cell loss are not well understood. All of the main cell types in the testis are believed to be affected by the elevated testis temperature induced by cryptorchidism. The cooler temperature in the special environment of the scrotum is required for maintaining optional conditions for normal spermatogenesis. Many studies reported that experimentally induced cryptorchidism caused germ cell apoptosis and suppressed spermatogenesis. However, other factors including hormones must also be examined for cryptorchidism. To explore the mechanism for cryptorchidism, in vitro cultures of testes have been used, but complete spermatogenesis using in vitro methods was not accomplished until 2011. In 2011, Sato et al. (Nature, 471, 504-507) reported the in vitro production of functional sperm in cultured neonatal mouse testes. Using this in vitro system, for the first time, we report that spermatogenesis was abrogated at 37 °C, in accordance with in vivo surgery-mediated cryptorchidism, while spermatogenesis proceeded at 34 °C in cultured testes. This result clearly showed that temperature is the sole determinant of cryptorchidism. Moreover, we found that spermatogenesis was arrested before early spermatocytes at 37 °C. In conclusion, using our in vitro system, we have demonstrated that (1) temperature is the determining factor for cryptorchidism, and (2) higher temperature (37 °C) suppresses DNA synthesis in spermatogenesis.
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Zhao Z, Zhu D, Liu Y, Zhou Q, Qiu J, Xu C, He Y, Zeng W, Yang Y. Embryotoxic effects of tribromophenol on early post-implantation development of mouse embryos in vitro. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:12085-12099. [PMID: 34558051 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
2,4,6-Tribromophenol (TBP, CAS No. 118-79-6), the most widely produced brominated phenol, is frequently detected in environmental components. The detection of TBP in human bodies has earned great concerns about its adverse effects on human beings, especially for early embryonic development. Here, we optimized the mouse embryo in vitro culture (IVC) system for early post-implantation embryos and employed it to determine the embryotoxicity of TBP. With this new research model, we revealed the dose-dependent toxic effects of TBP on mouse embryos from peri-implantation to egg cylinder stages. Furthermore, TBP exposure inhibited the differentiation and survival of epiblast (EPI) cells and extraembryonic endoderm (ExEn) cells, while those of extraembryonic ectoderm (ExEc) cells were not influenced. These results implied that TBP might inhibit embryonic development by influencing the generation of three primary germ layers and fetal membranes (the amnion, chorionic disk, umbilical cord, and yolk sac). In summary, we showed a proof of concept for applying mouse embryo IVC system as a novel research model for studying mammalian embryonic toxicology of environmental pollutants. This study also demonstrated the toxicity of TBP on early embryonic development of mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Dicong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jingfan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yuanlin He
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Wentao Zeng
- Animal Core Facility, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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Yoshida T, Alam ME, Hanafusa K, Tsujimoto Y, Tsukamoto M, Kanegi R, Inaba T, Sugiura K, Hatoya S. Effects of the preservation medium and storage duration of domestic cat ovaries on the maturational and developmental competence of oocytes in vitro. J Reprod Dev 2022; 68:160-164. [PMID: 35013020 PMCID: PMC8979801 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2021-084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the effectiveness of saline, Euro-Collins solution (EC), and ET-Kyoto solution (ET-K) as preservation media for the cold storage of feline ovaries. Ovaries were maintained in these media at 4°C for 24, 48, or 72 h until oocyte retrieval. The ET-K group exhibited a higher oocyte maturation rate than the saline group after 72 h of storage. Moreover, ET-K could sustain the competence of the feline oocytes to cleave after 48 h, and the morula formation rate of the ET-K group was higher than that of the other groups after 24 and 48 h. Furthermore, the ET-K group exhibited a higher blastocyst formation rate than the other groups after storage for 24 h, and only ET-K retained the developmental competence in blastocysts after 48 h of storage. In addition, regarding the cell numbers of the blastocysts, there was no significant difference among the tested groups. In conclusion, our results indicate that ET-K is a suitable preservation medium for feline ovaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Yoshida
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Md Emtiaj Alam
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan.,Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Keisuke Hanafusa
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Yasunori Tsujimoto
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Masaya Tsukamoto
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Ryoji Kanegi
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Toshio Inaba
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Kikuya Sugiura
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Shingo Hatoya
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
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Herold J, Kalucka J. A Rapid Adaptable Method for Isolation of Endothelial Cells from Human Adipose Tissue. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2441:235-250. [PMID: 35099741 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2059-5_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Human adipose tissue is the largest endocrine organ and plays a role in whole-body metabolism. Dysfunction of this tissue is involved in multiple diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. An important factor in maintaining healthy adipose tissue is ensuring correct functioning of the blood vessels in this highly vascularized tissue. The endothelial cells (ECs) which line blood vessels show remarkable heterogeneity in structure and function in physiological and pathological conditions. While multiple studies have been performed to characterize ECs in different organs, the endothelium of adipose tissue remains poorly characterized. One of the significant challenges in working with adipose tissue is the separation and isolation of single viable cells, including ECs. This chapter describes a reliable and flexible approach for the isolation of adipose ECs that could be used for various analysis, including single-cell RNA sequencing, in vitro culture, and downstream applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna Kalucka
- Department of Biomedicine and Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Raz A, Ilbeigi Khamseh Nejad M. In Vitro Culture of Plasmodium falciparum for the Production of Mature Gametocytes for Performing Standard Membrane Feeding Assay and Infection of Anopheles spp. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2410:581-587. [PMID: 34914069 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1884-4_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum is the parasite responsible for the disease malaria. In vitro cultivation of mature gametocytes of P. falciparum plays a central role in evaluating and developing the transmission-blocking drugs and sexual stage vaccines. These types of preventive molecules are crucial for controlling malaria in the future. Among different Plasmodium species that are involved in human malaria, only P. falciparum is cultivable. Therefore, an efficient method is required for in vitro culture of P. falciparum producing mature and infective gametocytes. This chapter describes a reliable and efficient protocol for the production of adult and infective gametocytes that is suitable for small- and large-scale culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbasali Raz
- Malaria and Vector Research Group (MVRG), Biotechnology Research Center (BRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Britza SM, Farrington R, Musgrave IF, Aboltins C, Byard RW. Could herbal soup be a potentially unrecognized cause of hepatotoxicity at autopsy? Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2022; 18:403-406. [PMID: 35749044 PMCID: PMC9226283 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-022-00490-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Unexpected hepatic failure with liver necrosis is sometimes encountered during a forensic autopsy. Determining the etiology may sometimes be difficult, although increasingly herbal medicines are being implicated. To determine whether such effects might also be caused by foodstuffs, the following in vitro study was undertaken. Four formulations of traditional herbal soup advertised as bak kut teh were prepared and added to cultures of liver carcinoma cells (HepG2). Cell viability was assessed using an MTT colorimetric assay at 48 h demonstrating that all formulations had significant toxicity prior to dilution (p < 0.05). Formulation #1 showed 21% cell death (p = 0.023), Formulation #2 30% (p = 0.009), and Formulation #3 41% (p < 0.0001). Formulations #1-3 showed no significant toxicity once diluted (p > 0.05). Formulation 4 showed approximately 83% cell death before dilution (p < 0.0001) and persistent toxicity even with dilutions at 1:10 (15% ± 3.7, p = 0.023) and 1:1000 (14% ± 3.8, p = 0.024). This study has shown that herbal foodstuffs such as bak kut teh may be responsible for variable degrees of in vitro hepatotoxicity, thus extending the range of herbal products that may be potentially injurious to the liver. If unexpected liver damage is encountered at autopsy, information on possible recent ingestion of herbal food preparations should be sought, as routine toxicology screening will not identify the active components. Liver damage may therefore be caused not only by herbal medicines but possibly by herbal products contained in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M. Britza
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Level 2 Helen Mayo North Building, Frome Road, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Rachael Farrington
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Level 2 Helen Mayo North Building, Frome Road, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Ian F. Musgrave
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Level 2 Helen Mayo North Building, Frome Road, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Craig Aboltins
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Roger W. Byard
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Level 2 Helen Mayo North Building, Frome Road, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia ,Forensic Science South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000 Australia
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Abstract
In vitro culture of asexual blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum is essential to study the parasite biology, and several aspects need to be addressed to successfully cultivate the parasites, including the requirements for red blood cells and specific nutrients. Since Trager and Jensen established the technique in 1976, some modifications have been introduced to improve the growth rate and yield. In brief, the method is based on the use of human red blood cells suspended in RPMI-1640 culture medium supplemented with a source of lipids and maintained at 37 °C in a low-oxygen atmosphere. In this protocol, a description of thawing, culturing, and cryopreservation of asexual blood stages of P. falciparum is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Lopez-Perez
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Zakaria Seidu
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- West Africa Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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