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Kang J, Cheon J, Yoon H, Kim N, Heo S. Adrenalectomy for the treatment of hypotension in a cat with phaeochromocytoma associated with caudal vena cava syndrome. J Small Anim Pract 2024; 65:352-356. [PMID: 38169034 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
An 11-year-old spayed female, Persian cat was referred to the Jeonbuk Animal Medical Center for evaluation of a 2-month history of lethargy and anorexia. Physical examination revealed tachycardia and hypotension. Abdominal imaging via sonography and CT identified a right adrenal gland mass causing severe deviation and compression of the caudal vena cava. After stabilising the blood pressure and heart rate through positive inotropes and fluid therapy, right adrenalectomy was performed. Surgery confirmed the adrenal gland mass was severely compressing the caudal vena cava. Histopathological examination revealed that the mass was a pheochromocytoma. After adrenalectomy, blood pressure and heart rate stabilised and remained unaffected 8 months postsurgery. This report describes a rare case of an adrenal pheochromocytoma leading to caudal vena cava compression in a cat presenting with hypotension.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kang
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, South Korea
| | - J Cheon
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, South Korea
| | - H Yoon
- Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, South Korea
| | - N Kim
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, South Korea
| | - S Heo
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, South Korea
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2
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Lee S, Kim G, Park GM, Jeong J, Jung E, Lee BS, Jo E, Lee S, Yoon H, Jo KW, Kim SH, Lee J. Management of newborns and healthcare workers exposed to isoniazid-resistant congenital tuberculosis in the neonatal intensive care unit. J Hosp Infect 2024; 147:40-46. [PMID: 38432587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of newborns and healthcare workers (HCWs) exposed to congenital tuberculosis (TB) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) has been reported rarely. AIM To outline a contact investigation process for individuals exposed to congenital TB in the NICU and investigate nosocomial transmission. Additionally, to assess the efficacy and safety of window prophylaxis in exposed newborns. METHODS A baby, born at a gestational age of 28 + 1 weeks, was diagnosed with isoniazid-resistant congenital TB on the 39th day of admission to the level IV NICU. Newborns and HCWs exposed cumulatively for ≥8 h underwent contact investigation and follow-up for a year. FINDINGS Eighty-two newborns underwent contact investigation. All newborns displayed normal chest X-rays, and 42 hospitalized newborns tested negative for acid-fast bacilli stain and Xpert® MTB/RIF assay in their endotracheal sputum or gastric juices. Eighty received window prophylaxis: six of 75 on rifampin experienced mild adverse events, and none of the five on levofloxacin. After 12 weeks, five (6.1%) had a positive tuberculin skin test, all of whom had already received the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine and tested negative on TB interferon-gamma releasing assay. Of 119 exposed HCWs, three (2.5%) were diagnosed with latent TB infection and completed a four-month rifampin therapy. There was no active TB disease among exposed newborns and HCWs during a one-year follow-up. CONCLUSION Timely diagnosis of congenital TB is crucial for minimizing transmission among exposed neonates and HCWs in the NICU setting. In cases of isoniazid-resistant index patients, even premature newborns may consider the use of rifampin or levofloxacin for window prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - G Kim
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - G-M Park
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Jeong
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - E Jung
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - B S Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - E Jo
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S Lee
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H Yoon
- Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K-W Jo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S-H Kim
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
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Yoon H, Lee J, Kang I, Choi KW, Lee J, Jun JH. Enhancement of preimplantation mouse embryo development with optimized in vitro culture dish via stabilization of medium osmolarity. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2023; 50:244-252. [PMID: 37995752 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2023.06436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the efficacy of the newly developed optimized in vitro culture (OIVC) dish for cultivating preimplantation mouse embryos. This dish minimizes the need for mineral oil and incorporates microwells, providing a stable culture environment and enabling independent monitoring of individual embryos. METHODS Mouse pronuclear (PN) zygotes and two-cell-stage embryos were collected at 18 and 46 hours after human chorionic gonadotropin injection, respectively. These were cultured for 120 hours using potassium simplex optimized medium (KSOM) to reach the blastocyst stage. The embryos were randomly allocated into three groups, each cultured in one of three dishes: a 60-mm culture dish, a microdrop dish, and an OIVC dish that we developed. RESULTS The OIVC dish effectively maintained the osmolarity of the KSOM culture medium over a 5-day period using only 2 mL of mineral oil. This contrasts with the significant osmolarity increase observed in the 60-mm culture dish. Additionally, the OIVC dish exhibited higher blastulation rates from two-cell embryos (100%) relative to the other dish types. Moreover, blastocysts derived from both PN zygotes and two-cell embryos in the OIVC dish group demonstrated significantly elevated mean cell numbers. CONCLUSION Use of the OIVC dish markedly increased the number of cells in blastocysts derived from the in vitro culture of preimplantation mouse embryos. The capacity of this dish to maintain medium osmolarity with minimal mineral oil usage represents a breakthrough that may advance embryo culture techniques for various mammals, including human in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Yoon
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School of Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongwoo Lee
- CNC Biotech Incorporated, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Inyoung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jaewang Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyun Jun
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School of Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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4
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Kang I, Koo M, Yoon H, Park BS, Jun JH, Lee J. Ovastacin: An oolemma protein that cleaves the zona pellucida to prevent polyspermy. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2023; 50:154-159. [PMID: 37643828 PMCID: PMC10477413 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2023.05981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Monospermy occurs in the process of normal fertilization where a single sperm fuses with the egg, resulting in the formation of a diploid zygote. During the process of fertilization, the sperm must penetrate the zona pellucida (ZP), the outer layer of the egg, to reach the egg's plasma membrane. Once a sperm binds to the ZP, it undergoes an acrosomal reaction, which involves the release of enzymes from the sperm's acrosome that help it to penetrate the ZP. Ovastacin is one of the enzymes that is involved in breaking down the ZP. Studies have shown that ovastacin is necessary for the breakdown of the ZP and for successful fertilization to occur. However, the activity of ovastacin is tightly regulated to ensure that only one sperm can fertilize the egg. One way in which ovastacin helps to prevent polyspermy (the fertilization of an egg by more than one sperm) is by rapidly degrading the ZP after a sperm has penetrated it. This makes it difficult for additional sperm to penetrate the ZP and fertilize the egg. Ovastacin is also thought to play a role in the block to polyspermy, a mechanism that prevents additional sperm from fusing with the egg's plasma membrane after fertilization has occurred. In summary, the role of ovastacin in monospermic fertilization is to help ensure that only one sperm can fertilize the egg, while preventing polyspermy and ensuring successful fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inyoung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoungjoo Koo
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Yoon
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School of Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Seok Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School of Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyun Jun
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School of Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Eulji Medi-Bio Research Institute (EMBRI), Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewang Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Turner S, Alisoltani A, Bratt D, Cohen-Lavi L, Dearlove BL, Drosten C, Fischer WM, Fouchier RAM, Gonzalez-Reiche AS, Jaroszewski L, Khalil Z, LeGresley E, Johnson M, Jones TC, Mühlemann B, O'Connor D, Sedova M, Shukla M, Theiler J, Wallace ZS, Yoon H, Zhang Y, van Bakel H, Degrace MM, Ghedin E, Godzik A, Hertz T, Korber B, Lemieux J, Niewiadomska AM, Post DJ, Rolland M, Scheuermann R, Smith DJ. US National Institutes of Health Prioritization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:e221646. [PMID: 37054986 PMCID: PMC10124642 DOI: 10.3201/eid2905.221646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Since late 2020, SARS-CoV-2 variants have regularly emerged with competitive and phenotypic differences from previously circulating strains, sometimes with the potential to escape from immunity produced by prior exposure and infection. The Early Detection group is one of the constituent groups of the US National Institutes of Health National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases SARS-CoV-2 Assessment of Viral Evolution program. The group uses bioinformatic methods to monitor the emergence, spread, and potential phenotypic properties of emerging and circulating strains to identify the most relevant variants for experimental groups within the program to phenotypically characterize. Since April 2021, the group has prioritized variants monthly. Prioritization successes include rapidly identifying most major variants of SARS-CoV-2 and providing experimental groups within the National Institutes of Health program easy access to regularly updated information on the recent evolution and epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 that can be used to guide phenotypic investigations.
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Beesley LJ, Moran KR, Wagh K, Castro LA, Theiler J, Yoon H, Fischer W, Hengartner NW, Korber B, Del Valle SY. SARS-CoV-2 variant transition dynamics are associated with vaccination rates, number of co-circulating variants, and convalescent immunity. EBioMedicine 2023; 91:104534. [PMID: 37004335 PMCID: PMC10065418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has continued to evolve, with new variants outcompeting existing variants and often leading to different dynamics of disease spread. METHODS In this paper, we performed a retrospective analysis using longitudinal sequencing data to characterize differences in the speed, calendar timing, and magnitude of 16 SARS-CoV-2 variant waves/transitions for 230 countries and sub-country regions, between October 2020 and January 2023. We then clustered geographic locations in terms of their variant behavior across several Omicron variants, allowing us to identify groups of locations exhibiting similar variant transitions. Finally, we explored relationships between heterogeneity in these variant waves and time-varying factors, including vaccination status of the population, governmental policy, and the number of variants in simultaneous competition. FINDINGS This work demonstrates associations between the behavior of an emerging variant and the number of co-circulating variants as well as the demographic context of the population. We also observed an association between high vaccination rates and variant transition dynamics prior to the Mu and Delta variant transitions. INTERPRETATION These results suggest the behavior of an emergent variant may be sensitive to the immunologic and demographic context of its location. Additionally, this work represents the most comprehensive characterization of variant transitions globally to date. FUNDING Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD), Los Alamos National Laboratory.
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Kato K, Yoon H, Raymond E, Hubner R, Shu Y, Pan Y, Park S, Ping L, Jiang Y, Zhang J, Wu X, Yao Y, Shen L, Kojima T, Lin CY, Wang L, Tao A, Peng Y, Li L, Xu J. 70O Randomized, global, phase III study of tislelizumab (TIS) + chemotherapy (chemo) vs chemo as first-line (1L) therapy for advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) (RATIONALE-306): Asia subgroup. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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8
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Yoon H, Jeong J, Lee H, Jang S. More than a single effect by a single point mutation: molecular dynamics simulation of NPC1. Acta Cryst Sect A 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273322094086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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9
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Yoon H, Kang I, Kim Y, Yang K, Lee J, Jun J. P-202 Improvement of in vitro implantation competence in human trophoblastic spheroids and mouse blastocysts by extracellular vesicles from human follicular fluid. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
How do extracellular vesicles (EVs) from human follicular fluid (hFF) affect the implantation process?
Summary answer
The EVs from hFF support the migration of mouse blastocysts and improve the mRNA expression of implantation process in human trophoblastic spheroids and mouse blastocysts.
What is known already
The EVs in hFF contains proteins, mRNAs, and microRNAs (miRs) that can mediate intercellular communication. Some miRs were found to be enriched in EVs of hFF. It has been demonstrated that EVs play different and important roles in the reproductive process such as oocyte maturation, embryo development and implantation. However, the effects of EVs in hFF on the trophoblast migration of in vitro implantation competence remain unclear. We found and analyzed the enriched miRs in EVs of hFF and investigated the effects of EVs on the implantation competence using in vitro outgrowth models using human trophoblastic spheroids and mouse blastocysts.
Study design, size, duration
Mouse 2-cell embryos were collected and then further in vitro cultured up to blastocyst stage. We prepared spheroids with trophoblastic cells, JAr mixed JEG-3 cells (JmJ) of 1:1 ratio. For outgrowth assay, the culture dishes with fibronectin-coated were made 2 hrs before transferring trophoblastic spheroids and mouse blastocysts. After 72 hrs of outgrowth assay, the migration areas of trophoblasts were measured, and qRT-PCR and Western blot were analyzed.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
After collecting the hFF samples in IVF clinic, immediately the EVs were isolated using the conventional ultracentrifugation (UC) method, and stored at -80 °C. Amounts of specific miRNAs were analyzed to confirm the specific miRNA of EVs compared to hFF by qRT-PCR. Protein concentrations were determined and adjusted for supplementation volume.
Main results and the role of chance
The EVs from hFF were prepared by UC, and the size range of EVs were 20∼300 nm (average 136.9±5.6 nm; n = 10) in nanoparticle tracking analyzer. And the EVs were examined via transmission electron microscopy and Western blotting to the exosomal markers CD63, CD81, and TSG101. We conformed miRNAs that enriched in EVs from hFF such as miR10b, miR503, and miR654. In outgrowth assay with human trophoblastic spheroids, the migration areas did not show a difference between control and supplementation of EVs groups. However, the expressions of adhesion molecules ( ITGαV, β3 and β5 ) were increased in supplementation of 2.5 μg/mL EVs compared to control group. In mouse blastocysts, supplementation of EVs significantly increased the trophoblast migration areas than those of control group without EVs. Also the expression patterns of Oct4, Lif, PLGF5 were higher in supplementation of EVs compared to control group. Taken together, EVs from hFF could support the migration of human trophoblastic spheroids and mouse blastocysts in vitro.
Limitations, reasons for caution
Characterization of EVs from hFF was not fully evaluated in various proteins, hormones and nucleic acids. The effects of EVs in hFF on implantation process should be evaluated in primary trophoblastic cells and in vivo mouse model of embryo transfer.
Wider implications of the findings
This study demonstrated that the EVs of hFF could improve the implantation and migration of trophoblasts in vitro. These findings suggest that the EVs of hFF could apply to increase the implantation and the pregnancy rate in human IVF-ET program.
Trial registration number
not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoon
- Graduate School of Eulji University, Department of Senior Healthcare , Seong-Nam, Korea- South
| | - I Kang
- Graduate School of Eulji University, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science , Seong-Nam, Korea- South
| | - Y.J Kim
- Suji Maria Fertility Clinic, Research Center , Yongin, Korea- South
| | - K.M Yang
- Suji Maria Fertility Clinic, Research Center , Yongin, Korea- South
| | - J Lee
- Graduate School of Eulji University, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science , Seong-Nam, Korea- South
| | - J.H Jun
- Graduate School of Eulji University, Department of Senior Healthcare , Seong-Nam, Korea- South
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10
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DeGrace MM, Ghedin E, Frieman MB, Krammer F, Grifoni A, Alisoltani A, Alter G, Amara RR, Baric RS, Barouch DH, Bloom JD, Bloyet LM, Bonenfant G, Boon ACM, Boritz EA, Bratt DL, Bricker TL, Brown L, Buchser WJ, Carreño JM, Cohen-Lavi L, Darling TL, Davis-Gardner ME, Dearlove BL, Di H, Dittmann M, Doria-Rose NA, Douek DC, Drosten C, Edara VV, Ellebedy A, Fabrizio TP, Ferrari G, Fischer WM, Florence WC, Fouchier RAM, Franks J, García-Sastre A, Godzik A, Gonzalez-Reiche AS, Gordon A, Haagmans BL, Halfmann PJ, Ho DD, Holbrook MR, Huang Y, James SL, Jaroszewski L, Jeevan T, Johnson RM, Jones TC, Joshi A, Kawaoka Y, Kercher L, Koopmans MPG, Korber B, Koren E, Koup RA, LeGresley EB, Lemieux JE, Liebeskind MJ, Liu Z, Livingston B, Logue JP, Luo Y, McDermott AB, McElrath MJ, Meliopoulos VA, Menachery VD, Montefiori DC, Mühlemann B, Munster VJ, Munt JE, Nair MS, Netzl A, Niewiadomska AM, O'Dell S, Pekosz A, Perlman S, Pontelli MC, Rockx B, Rolland M, Rothlauf PW, Sacharen S, Scheuermann RH, Schmidt SD, Schotsaert M, Schultz-Cherry S, Seder RA, Sedova M, Sette A, Shabman RS, Shen X, Shi PY, Shukla M, Simon V, Stumpf S, Sullivan NJ, Thackray LB, Theiler J, Thomas PG, Trifkovic S, Türeli S, Turner SA, Vakaki MA, van Bakel H, VanBlargan LA, Vincent LR, Wallace ZS, Wang L, Wang M, Wang P, Wang W, Weaver SC, Webby RJ, Weiss CD, Wentworth DE, Weston SM, Whelan SPJ, Whitener BM, Wilks SH, Xie X, Ying B, Yoon H, Zhou B, Hertz T, Smith DJ, Diamond MS, Post DJ, Suthar MS. Defining the risk of SARS-CoV-2 variants on immune protection. Nature 2022; 605:640-652. [PMID: 35361968 PMCID: PMC9345323 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04690-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The global emergence of many severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants jeopardizes the protective antiviral immunity induced after infection or vaccination. To address the public health threat caused by the increasing SARS-CoV-2 genomic diversity, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases within the National Institutes of Health established the SARS-CoV-2 Assessment of Viral Evolution (SAVE) programme. This effort was designed to provide a real-time risk assessment of SARS-CoV-2 variants that could potentially affect the transmission, virulence, and resistance to infection- and vaccine-induced immunity. The SAVE programme is a critical data-generating component of the US Government SARS-CoV-2 Interagency Group to assess implications of SARS-CoV-2 variants on diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics, and for communicating public health risk. Here we describe the coordinated approach used to identify and curate data about emerging variants, their impact on immunity and effects on vaccine protection using animal models. We report the development of reagents, methodologies, models and notable findings facilitated by this collaborative approach and identify future challenges. This programme is a template for the response to rapidly evolving pathogens with pandemic potential by monitoring viral evolution in the human population to identify variants that could reduce the effectiveness of countermeasures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marciela M DeGrace
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Elodie Ghedin
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Systems Genomics Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Matthew B Frieman
- Center for Pathogen Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Alba Grifoni
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Galit Alter
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rama R Amara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dan H Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jesse D Bloom
- Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Louis-Marie Bloyet
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gaston Bonenfant
- CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Adrianus C M Boon
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eli A Boritz
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Vaccine Research Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Debbie L Bratt
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- CAMRIS, Contractor for NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Traci L Bricker
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Liliana Brown
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - William J Buchser
- High Throughput Screening Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Juan Manuel Carreño
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Liel Cohen-Lavi
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | - Tamarand L Darling
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Meredith E Davis-Gardner
- Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bethany L Dearlove
- US Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Han Di
- CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Meike Dittmann
- Microbiology Department, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicole A Doria-Rose
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Vaccine Research Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel C Douek
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Vaccine Research Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christian Drosten
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Berlin, Germany
| | - Venkata-Viswanadh Edara
- Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ali Ellebedy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Thomas P Fabrizio
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Guido Ferrari
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Will M Fischer
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - William C Florence
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - John Franks
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam Godzik
- University of California Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Ana Silvia Gonzalez-Reiche
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aubree Gordon
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bart L Haagmans
- Department Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Halfmann
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David D Ho
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael R Holbrook
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Integrated Research Facility, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Yaoxing Huang
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah L James
- Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lukasz Jaroszewski
- University of California Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Trushar Jeevan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Robert M Johnson
- Center for Pathogen Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Terry C Jones
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Berlin, Germany
- Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Astha Joshi
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lisa Kercher
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Bette Korber
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Eilay Koren
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Richard A Koup
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Vaccine Research Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eric B LeGresley
- Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Mariel J Liebeskind
- High Throughput Screening Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zhuoming Liu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brandi Livingston
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - James P Logue
- Center for Pathogen Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yang Luo
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adrian B McDermott
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Vaccine Research Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Victoria A Meliopoulos
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Vineet D Menachery
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infection and Immunity, World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | | | - Barbara Mühlemann
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Berlin, Germany
- Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vincent J Munster
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Jenny E Munt
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Manoj S Nair
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Antonia Netzl
- Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Sijy O'Dell
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Vaccine Research Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Pekosz
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stanley Perlman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Marjorie C Pontelli
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Barry Rockx
- Department Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Morgane Rolland
- US Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Paul W Rothlauf
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sinai Sacharen
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Stephen D Schmidt
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Vaccine Research Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael Schotsaert
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stacey Schultz-Cherry
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Robert A Seder
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Vaccine Research Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mayya Sedova
- University of California Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Reed S Shabman
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoying Shen
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Pei-Yong Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Maulik Shukla
- University of Chicago Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Data Science and Learning Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
| | - Viviana Simon
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Spencer Stumpf
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nancy J Sullivan
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Vaccine Research Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Larissa B Thackray
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - James Theiler
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Paul G Thomas
- Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sanja Trifkovic
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sina Türeli
- Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Samuel A Turner
- Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maria A Vakaki
- High Throughput Screening Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Harm van Bakel
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura A VanBlargan
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Leah R Vincent
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Zachary S Wallace
- Department of Informatics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Li Wang
- CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maple Wang
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Scott C Weaver
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infection and Immunity, World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Richard J Webby
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Carol D Weiss
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - David E Wentworth
- CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stuart M Weston
- Center for Pathogen Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sean P J Whelan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bradley M Whitener
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Samuel H Wilks
- Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xuping Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Baoling Ying
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hyejin Yoon
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Bin Zhou
- CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tomer Hertz
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics Faculty of Health Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel.
| | - Derek J Smith
- Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Diane J Post
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Mehul S Suthar
- Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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11
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Yoon H, Kim T, Kim CS, Kim N. Major concerns regarding food services based on news media reports during the COVID-19 outbreak using the topic modeling approach. Nutr Res Pract 2021; 15:S110-S121. [PMID: 34909137 PMCID: PMC8636390 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2021.15.s1.s110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases were first reported in December 2019, in China, and an increasing number of cases have since been detected all over the world. The purpose of this study was to collect significant news media reports on food services during the COVID-19 crisis and identify public communication and significant concerns regarding COVID-19 for suggesting future directions for the food industry and services. SUBJECTS/METHODS News articles pertaining to food services were extracted from the home pages of major news media websites such as BBC, CNN, and Fox News between March 2020 and February 2021. The retrieved data was sorted and analyzed using Python software. RESULTS The results of text analytics were presented in the format of the topic label and category for individual topics. The food and health category presented the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on food and health, such as an increase in delivery services. The policy category was indicative of a change in government policy. The lifestyle change category addressed topics such as an increase in social media usage. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to analyze major news media (i.e., BBC, CNN, and Fox News) data related to food services in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Text analytics research on the food services domain revealed different categories such as food and health, policy, and lifestyle change. Therefore, this study contributes to the body of knowledge on food services research, through the use of text analytics to elicit findings from media sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Yoon
- Department of Hotel and Tourism, Baewha Women's University, Seoul 03039, Korea
| | - Taejin Kim
- AI Lab., Yaksonhealthcare, Seoul 06075, Korea
| | - Chang-Sik Kim
- Department of Hotel and Tourism, Baewha Women's University, Seoul 03039, Korea.,Symbiotic Life Tech Research Institute (Research Center for Food, Nutrition & Food Service Management), Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Namgyu Kim
- Graduate School of Business IT, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
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12
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Choi J, Kim W, Yoon H, Lee J, Jun JH. Dynamic Oxygen Conditions Promote the Translocation of HIF-1 α to the Nucleus in Mouse Blastocysts. Biomed Res Int 2021; 2021:5050527. [PMID: 34608438 PMCID: PMC8487385 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5050527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen tension is one of the most critical factors for mammalian embryo development and its survival. The HIF protein is an essential transcription factor that activated under hypoxic conditions. In this study, we evaluated the effect of dynamic oxygen conditions on the expression of embryonic genes and translocation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in cultured mouse blastocysts. Two-pronuclear (2PN) zygotes harvested from ICR mice were subjected to either high oxygen (HO; 20%), low oxygen (LO; 5%), or dynamic oxygen (DO; 5% to 2%) conditions. In the DO group, PN zygotes were cultured in 5% O2 from days 1 to 3 and then in 2% O2 till day 5 after hCG injection. On day 5, the percentage of blastocysts in the cultured embryos from each group was estimated, and the embryos were also subjected to immunocytochemical and gene expression analysis. We found that the percentage of blastocysts was similar among the experimental groups; however, the percentage of hatching blastocysts in the DO and LO groups was significantly higher than that in the HO group. The total cell number of blastocysts in the DO group was significantly higher than that of both the HO and LO groups. Further, gene expression analysis revealed that the expression of genes related to the embryonic development was significantly higher in the DO group than that in the HO and LO groups. Interestingly, HIF-1α mRNA expression did not significantly differ; however, HIF-1α protein translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus was significantly higher in the DO group than in the HO and LO groups. Our study suggests that dynamic oxygen concentrations increase the developmental capacity in mouse preimplantation embryos through activation of the potent transcription factor HIF-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungwon Choi
- Department of Senior Healthcare BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Wontae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Yoon
- Department of Senior Healthcare BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewang Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyun Jun
- Department of Senior Healthcare BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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13
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Lee H, Park SJ, Kim JE, Kong F, Zhao B, Nam H, Koh SB, Nam S, Yuasa M, Aung MN, Medina JRC, Palutturi S, Berhe H, Terefe E, Nam S, Kang Y, Rönnebeck N, Lee JH, Lee GR, Jung Y, Cosme CR, Shin DE, Herrera M, Ndombi GO, Mansiangi P, Moon SJ, Yoon H, Chung MA, Lim SB, Lee YL, Kim D, Nam EW. International Comparison of Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among University Students in 13 Countries: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey. Asia Pac J Public Health 2021; 33:928-931. [PMID: 34350800 PMCID: PMC8592100 DOI: 10.1177/10105395211034062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hocheol Lee
- Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ji Eon Kim
- Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Bo Zhao
- Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Haekweun Nam
- Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Baek Koh
- Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Seungwoo Nam
- Korea International Cooperation Agency, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yanghee Kang
- Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ji Ho Lee
- Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Ram Lee
- Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeseul Jung
- Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Dong Eun Shin
- Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Paul Mansiangi
- Kinshasa University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Seok Jun Moon
- Korea Institute for Health and Social Affair, Se Jong, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Yoon
- Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ah Chung
- Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Been Lim
- Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Lim Lee
- Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyeong Kim
- Korea International Cooperation Agency, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Woo Nam
- Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
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14
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Fischer W, Giorgi EE, Chakraborty S, Nguyen K, Bhattacharya T, Theiler J, Goloboff PA, Yoon H, Abfalterer W, Foley BT, Tegally H, San JE, de Oliveira T, Gnanakaran S, Korber B. HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2: Patterns in the evolution of two pandemic pathogens. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:1093-1110. [PMID: 34242582 PMCID: PMC8173590 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Humanity is currently facing the challenge of two devastating pandemics caused by two very different RNA viruses: HIV-1, which has been with us for decades, and SARS-CoV-2, which has swept the world in the course of a single year. The same evolutionary strategies that drive HIV-1 evolution are at play in SARS-CoV-2. Single nucleotide mutations, multi-base insertions and deletions, recombination, and variation in surface glycans all generate the variability that, guided by natural selection, enables both HIV-1's extraordinary diversity and SARS-CoV-2's slower pace of mutation accumulation. Even though SARS-CoV-2 diversity is more limited, recently emergent SARS-CoV-2 variants carry Spike mutations that have important phenotypic consequences in terms of both antibody resistance and enhanced infectivity. We review and compare how these mutational patterns manifest in these two distinct viruses to provide the variability that fuels their evolution by natural selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will Fischer
- T-6: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA; New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Elena E Giorgi
- T-6: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA; New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Srirupa Chakraborty
- T-6: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA; Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Kien Nguyen
- T-6: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Tanmoy Bhattacharya
- T-2: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545 USA
| | - James Theiler
- ISR-3: Space Data Science and Systems, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Pablo A Goloboff
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Fundación Miguel Lillo, S. M. de Tucumán, Miguel Lillo 251 4000, Argentina; Research Associate, American Museum of Natural History, New York 10024, USA
| | - Hyejin Yoon
- T-6: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Werner Abfalterer
- T-6: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Brian T Foley
- T-6: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Houriiyah Tegally
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), Department of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - James Emmanuel San
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), Department of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Tulio de Oliveira
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), Department of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sandrasegaram Gnanakaran
- T-6: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Bette Korber
- T-6: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA; New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA.
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15
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Catenacci D, Koshiji Rosales M, Chung H, Yoon H, Moehler M, Kang Y, Shen L. P-138 Margetuximab combined with anti-PD-1 (retifanlimab) or anti-PD-1/LAG-3 (tebotelimab) +/- chemotherapy in first-line therapy of advanced/metastatic HER2+ gastroesophageal junction or gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.05.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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16
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Kim W, Choi J, Yoon H, Lee J, Jun JH. Detrimental effects of lipopolysaccharide on the attachment and outgrowth of various trophoblastic spheroids on human endometrial epithelial cells. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2021; 48:132-141. [PMID: 34078006 PMCID: PMC8176151 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2021.04448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria causes poor uterine receptivity by inducing excessive inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface. This study aimed to investigate the detrimental effects of LPS on the attachment and outgrowth of various types of trophoblastic spheroids on endometrial epithelial cells (ECC-1 cells) in an in vitro model of implantation. METHODS Three types of spheroids with JAr, JEG-3, and JAr mixed JEG-3 (JmJ) cells were used to evaluate the effect of LPS on early implantation events. ECC-1 cells were treated with LPS to mimic endometrial infection, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The attachment rates and outgrowth areas were evaluated in the various trophoblastic spheroids and ECC-1 cells treated with LPS. RESULTS LPS treatment significantly increased the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines (CXCL1, IL-8, and IL-33) and decreased the protein expression of adhesion molecules (ITGβ3 and ITGβ5) in ECC-1 cells. The attachment rates of JAr and JmJ spheroids on ECC-1 cells significantly decreased after treating the ECC-1 cells with 1 and 10 μg/mL LPS. In the outgrowth assay, JAr spheroids did not show any outgrowth areas. However, the outgrowth areas of JEG-3 spheroids were similar regardless of LPS treatment. LPS treatment of JmJ spheroids significantly decreased the outgrowth area after 72 hours of coincubation. CONCLUSION An in vitro implantation model using novel JmJ spheroids was established, and the inhibitory effects of LPS on ECC-1 endometrial epithelial cells were confirmed in the early implantation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wontae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jungwon Choi
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyejin Yoon
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jaewang Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jin Hyun Jun
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
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17
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Dickson JR, Yoon H, Frosch MP, Hyman BT. Cytoplasmic Mislocalization of RNA Polymerase II Subunit RPB1 in Alzheimer Disease Is Linked to Pathologic Tau. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2021; 80:530-540. [PMID: 33990839 PMCID: PMC8177848 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlab040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal protein accumulation and mislocalization is a general hallmark of Alzheimer disease. Recent data suggest nucleocytoplasmic transport may be compromised by tau in Alzheimer disease. In this context, we have examined the RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1, which is the catalytic subunit that plays a critical role in transcription. Using immunofluorescence staining in control and Alzheimer disease hippocampal tissue, we show that 2 phosphoisoforms of RPB1 mislocalize from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of neurons in Alzheimer disease. The number of neurons with this cytoplasmic mislocalization is correlated with the burden of pathologic tau (AT8-immunopositive neurons). In order to test whether there is a causal relationship between pathologic tau and cytoplasmic RPB1 accumulation, we used the rTg4510 mouse model, which expresses a regulatable pathologic human tau species harboring the P301L mutation. Using immunofluorescence staining on brain tissue from young (2.5-month-old) and aged (8.5- to 10-month-old) rTg4510 mice, we found a tau- and age-dependent increase in cytoplasmic mislocalization of Rpb1. In summary, this study provides evidence that tau induces mislocalization of RPB1 in Alzheimer disease, and since RPB1 is essential for transcription, this raises the possibility that RPB1 mislocalization could lead to fundamental alterations in neuronal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Dickson
- From the Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hyejin Yoon
- From the Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew P Frosch
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,C.S. Kubik Laboratory for Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, and Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bradley T Hyman
- From the Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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18
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Chang AK, Yoon H, Jang JH. Predictors of posttraumatic growth of intensive care unit nurses in Korea. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2021; 18:e12427. [PMID: 33977673 DOI: 10.1111/jjns.12427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Nurses working in intensive care units are repeatedly exposed to trauma (e.g., verbal or physical abuse by confused patients, and unexpected death). However, after experiencing traumatic events, not all intensive care unit nurses develop psychopathological issues, including posttraumatic stress disorder. Therefore, this study aims to examine the level of posttraumatic growth and psychosocial factors such as posttraumatic stress symptoms, deliberate rumination, wisdom, and self-compassion to predict posttraumatic growth in Korean intensive care unit nurses. METHODS A total of 156 intensive care unit nurses participated in this cross-sectional survey. Posttraumatic growth, posttraumatic stress symptoms, deliberate rumination, wisdom, and self-compassion were measured using validated self-report scales, and data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. RESULT Posttraumatic growth was found to be comparatively low in intensive care unit nurses, while multiple regression showed that positive self-compassion was the most significant predictor for posttraumatic growth, followed by wisdom, age, and deliberate rumination. All together four variables explained 30% of the variance in posttraumatic growth. CONCLUSION Findings from this study suggest that intensive care unit nurses' posttraumatic growth may be enhanced by increasing positive self-compassion, wisdom, and deliberate rumination. Therefore, a paradigm shift focusing on possible positive pathways, such as development of mental health programs to improve posttraumatic growth for intensive care unit nurses is required rather than focusing on management of posttraumatic stress disorder. The results of this study could provide theoretical guidance to seek more effective and integrated intervention strategies for intensive care unit nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ae Kyung Chang
- College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyejin Yoon
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Jang
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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19
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Park H, Jo U, Kim Y, Kim K, Yu S, Yoon H, Kwon S, Park J, Kim M, Lee J, Koh S. 686 A psoriasis mouse model with persistent skin lesions and comorbidities. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Jang Y, Choi E, Rhee MK, Yoon H, Park NS, Chiriboga DA. Older Korean Americans' concern about Alzheimer's disease: the role of immigration-related factors and objective and subjective cognitive status. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:807-813. [PMID: 32003243 PMCID: PMC7392805 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1720596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The present study examined the associations between immigration-related factors and objective and subjective cognitive status with older Korean Americans' concern about developing Alzheimer's Disease (AD). It was hypothesized that (1) AD concern would be associated with immigration-related factors and (2) self-rated cognitive status would mediate the relationship between cognitive performance (Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores) and concern about AD.Method: Using data from the Study of Older Korean Americans (n = 2061, mean age = 73.2; 66.8% female), the direct and indirect effect models were tested.Results: Korean American immigrants with a higher level of acculturation had better cognitive performance, more positive self-ratings of cognitive status, and a lower level of concern about AD. Both poor cognitive performance and negative self-ratings of cognitive status were associated with increased concern about AD. Supporting the mediation hypothesis, the indirect effect of cognitive performance on AD concern through self-rated cognitive status was significant (bias corrected 95% confidence interval for the indirect effect = -.012, -.003).Conclusion: The mediation model not only helps us better understand the psychological mechanisms that underlie the link between cognitive status and AD concern but also highlights the potential importance of subjective perceptions about cognitive status as an avenue for interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Jang
- Edward R. Roybal Institute on Aging, Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - E. Choi
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - M. K. Rhee
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - H. Yoon
- School of Social Work, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA
| | - N. S. Park
- School of Social Work, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - D. A. Chiriboga
- Department of Child and Family Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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21
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Shen X, Tang H, McDanal C, Wagh K, Fischer W, Theiler J, Yoon H, Li D, Haynes BF, Sanders KO, Gnanakaran S, Hengartner N, Pajon R, Smith G, Glenn GM, Korber B, Montefiori DC. SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 is susceptible to neutralizing antibodies elicited by ancestral spike vaccines. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:529-539.e3. [PMID: 33705729 PMCID: PMC7934674 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
All current vaccines for COVID-19 utilize ancestral SARS-CoV-2 spike with the goal of generating protective neutralizing antibodies. The recent emergence and rapid spread of several SARS-CoV-2 variants carrying multiple spike mutations raise concerns about possible immune escape. One variant, first identified in the United Kingdom (B.1.1.7, also called 20I/501Y.V1), contains eight spike mutations with potential to impact antibody therapy, vaccine efficacy, and risk of reinfection. Here, we show that B.1.1.7 remains sensitive to neutralization, albeit at moderately reduced levels (∼sim;2-fold), by serum samples from convalescent individuals and recipients of an mRNA vaccine (mRNA-1273, Moderna) and a protein nanoparticle vaccine (NVX-CoV2373, Novavax). A subset of monoclonal antibodies to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of spike are less effective against the variant, while others are largely unaffected. These findings indicate that variant B.1.1.7 is unlikely to be a major concern for current vaccines or for an increased risk of reinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Shen
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Haili Tang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Charlene McDanal
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kshitij Wagh
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - William Fischer
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - James Theiler
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Hyejin Yoon
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Dapeng Li
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kevin O Sanders
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Nick Hengartner
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | | | | | | | - Bette Korber
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - David C Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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22
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Shen X, Tang H, McDanal C, Wagh K, Fischer W, Theiler J, Yoon H, Li D, Haynes BF, Sanders KO, Gnanakaran S, Hengartner N, Pajon R, Smith G, Dubovsky F, Glenn GM, Korber B, Montefiori DC. SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 is susceptible to neutralizing antibodies elicited by ancestral Spike vaccines. bioRxiv 2021:2021.01.27.428516. [PMID: 33532764 PMCID: PMC7852228 DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.27.428516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein mediates virus entry and is a major target for neutralizing antibodies. All current vaccines are based on the ancestral Spike with the goal of generating a protective neutralizing antibody response. Several novel SARS-CoV-2 variants with multiple Spike mutations have emerged, and their rapid spread and potential for immune escape have raised concerns. One of these variants, first identified in the United Kingdom, B.1.1.7 (also called VUI202012/01), contains eight Spike mutations with potential to impact antibody therapy, vaccine efficacy and risk of reinfection. Here we employed a lentivirus-based pseudovirus assay to show that variant B.1.1.7 remains sensitive to neutralization, albeit at moderately reduced levels (~2-fold), by serum samples from convalescent individuals and recipients of two different vaccines based on ancestral Spike: mRNA-1273 (Moderna), and protein nanoparticle NVX-CoV2373 (Novavax). Some monoclonal antibodies to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of Spike were less effective against the variant while others were largely unaffected. These findings indicate that B.1.1.7 is not a neutralization escape variant that would be a major concern for current vaccines, or for an increased risk of reinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Shen
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Haili Tang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Charlene McDanal
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kshitij Wagh
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM USA
| | - Will Fischer
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM USA
| | - James Theiler
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM USA
| | - Hyejin Yoon
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM USA
| | - Dapeng Li
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Barton F. Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kevin O. Sanders
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Nick Hengartner
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Bette Korber
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM USA
| | - David C. Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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23
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Lee H, Heo SG, Bae Y, Lee H, Kim J, Yoon H. Multiple guidance of light using asymmetric micro prism arrays for privacy protection of device displays. Opt Express 2021; 29:2884-2892. [PMID: 33726475 DOI: 10.1364/oe.415302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With increasing use of mobile displays outdoors, privacy-related issues have come to the fore. Therefore, in this study, we proposed a novel concept using directionally guided light transmission using double-sided asymmetric prism arrays for fabricating a privacy protection film for digital displays. The proposed film allows only the user in front of the display to see its contents using dual refraction in a prism array. Otherwise, when the display is viewed at an angle, it is difficult to recognize the contents due to the overlap of different letters. The optical path was analysed through ray-tracing simulations, and the performance of the film was quantified using an optical character recognition (OCR) method. To further enhance the effectiveness of the film, a metal film was applied on the vertical face of the micro prism arrays using an oblique deposition method. This metal-coated double-sided prism array film showed superior privacy-protecting performance compared to a conventional method based on the micro-louver structure.
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24
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Abstract
Patients with cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) caused by mutations in RUNX2 have severe dental anomalies, including delayed or absent eruption of permanent teeth. This requires painful and expensive surgical/orthodontic intervention because of the absence of medicine for this condition. Here, we demonstrate that nicotinamide, a vitamin B3 and class III histone deacetylase inhibitor, significantly improves delayed tooth eruption in Runx2+/- mice, a well-known CCD animal model, through the restoration of decreased osteoclastogenesis. We also found that Csf1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly reduced in Runx2+/- osteoblasts as compared with wild type whereas RANKL and OPG levels had no significant difference between wild type and Runx2+/- osteoblasts. The nicotinamide-induced restoration of osteoclastogenesis of bone marrow-derived macrophages in Runx2+/- mice was due to the increased expression of RUNX2 and CSF1 and increased RANKL/OPG ratio. RUNX2 directly regulated Csf1 mRNA expression via binding to the promoter region of the Csf1 gene. In addition, nicotinamide enhanced the RUNX2 protein level and transacting activity posttranslationally with Sirt2 inhibition. Taken together, our study shows the potential and underlying molecular mechanism of nicotinamide for the treatment of delayed tooth eruption by using the Runx2+/- murine model, suggesting nicotinamide as a candidate therapeutic drug for dental abnormalities in patients with CCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoon
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H R Shin
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B S Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y D Cho
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H M Ryoo
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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25
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Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system driven by autoreactive lymphocytes. Due to its close contact with the gut-associated lymphoid tissue, the intestinal microbiota and/or their metabolites may be one of the factors that influence the activation of autoreactive lymphocytes. This article summarizes and discusses the current research efforts to characterize the microbiome of MS patients using human material. In addition, we present research studies that utilized classical or humanized animal models to determine the influence of certain microbiota species or compositions of microbiota on the immune system and disease progression and to define possible causal associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Gerdes
- Institut für Klinische Neuroimmunologie und Biomedizinisches Zentrum, LMU Klinikum München, Großhaderner Str. 9, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Deutschland
| | - H Yoon
- Institut für Klinische Neuroimmunologie und Biomedizinisches Zentrum, LMU Klinikum München, Großhaderner Str. 9, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Deutschland
| | - A Peters
- Institut für Klinische Neuroimmunologie und Biomedizinisches Zentrum, LMU Klinikum München, Großhaderner Str. 9, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Deutschland.
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26
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Jung S, Jeon C, Choi J, Hyun D, Lee H, Kwon K, Yoon H. Clinical pathological association with breast cancer gene analysis through next generation sequencing. Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)30742-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Korber B, Fischer WM, Gnanakaran S, Yoon H, Theiler J, Abfalterer W, Hengartner N, Giorgi EE, Bhattacharya T, Foley B, Hastie KM, Parker MD, Partridge DG, Evans CM, Freeman TM, de Silva TI, McDanal C, Perez LG, Tang H, Moon-Walker A, Whelan SP, LaBranche CC, Saphire EO, Montefiori DC. Tracking Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 Virus. Cell 2020. [PMID: 32697968 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.043s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
A SARS-CoV-2 variant carrying the Spike protein amino acid change D614G has become the most prevalent form in the global pandemic. Dynamic tracking of variant frequencies revealed a recurrent pattern of G614 increase at multiple geographic levels: national, regional, and municipal. The shift occurred even in local epidemics where the original D614 form was well established prior to introduction of the G614 variant. The consistency of this pattern was highly statistically significant, suggesting that the G614 variant may have a fitness advantage. We found that the G614 variant grows to a higher titer as pseudotyped virions. In infected individuals, G614 is associated with lower RT-PCR cycle thresholds, suggestive of higher upper respiratory tract viral loads, but not with increased disease severity. These findings illuminate changes important for a mechanistic understanding of the virus and support continuing surveillance of Spike mutations to aid with development of immunological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bette Korber
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
| | - Will M Fischer
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | | | - Hyejin Yoon
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - James Theiler
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Werner Abfalterer
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Nick Hengartner
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Elena E Giorgi
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Tanmoy Bhattacharya
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Brian Foley
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | | | - Matthew D Parker
- Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre & Sheffield Bioinformatics Core, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - David G Partridge
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - Cariad M Evans
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - Timothy M Freeman
- Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre & Sheffield Bioinformatics Core, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Thushan I de Silva
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK; Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Charlene McDanal
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute & Department of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Lautaro G Perez
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute & Department of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Haili Tang
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute & Department of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Alex Moon-Walker
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Program in Virology, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Sean P Whelan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Celia C LaBranche
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute & Department of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - David C Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute & Department of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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28
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Korber B, Fischer WM, Gnanakaran S, Yoon H, Theiler J, Abfalterer W, Hengartner N, Giorgi EE, Bhattacharya T, Foley B, Hastie KM, Parker MD, Partridge DG, Evans CM, Freeman TM, de Silva TI, McDanal C, Perez LG, Tang H, Moon-Walker A, Whelan SP, LaBranche CC, Saphire EO, Montefiori DC. Tracking Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 Virus. Cell 2020; 182:812-827.e19. [PMID: 32697968 PMCID: PMC7332439 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2746] [Impact Index Per Article: 686.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A SARS-CoV-2 variant carrying the Spike protein amino acid change D614G has become the most prevalent form in the global pandemic. Dynamic tracking of variant frequencies revealed a recurrent pattern of G614 increase at multiple geographic levels: national, regional, and municipal. The shift occurred even in local epidemics where the original D614 form was well established prior to introduction of the G614 variant. The consistency of this pattern was highly statistically significant, suggesting that the G614 variant may have a fitness advantage. We found that the G614 variant grows to a higher titer as pseudotyped virions. In infected individuals, G614 is associated with lower RT-PCR cycle thresholds, suggestive of higher upper respiratory tract viral loads, but not with increased disease severity. These findings illuminate changes important for a mechanistic understanding of the virus and support continuing surveillance of Spike mutations to aid with development of immunological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bette Korber
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
| | - Will M Fischer
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | | | - Hyejin Yoon
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - James Theiler
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Werner Abfalterer
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Nick Hengartner
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Elena E Giorgi
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Tanmoy Bhattacharya
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Brian Foley
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | | | - Matthew D Parker
- Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre & Sheffield Bioinformatics Core, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - David G Partridge
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - Cariad M Evans
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - Timothy M Freeman
- Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre & Sheffield Bioinformatics Core, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Thushan I de Silva
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK; Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Charlene McDanal
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute & Department of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Lautaro G Perez
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute & Department of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Haili Tang
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute & Department of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Alex Moon-Walker
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Program in Virology, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Sean P Whelan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Celia C LaBranche
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute & Department of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - David C Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute & Department of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Korber B, Fischer WM, Gnanakaran S, Yoon H, Theiler J, Abfalterer W, Hengartner N, Giorgi EE, Bhattacharya T, Foley B, Hastie KM, Parker MD, Partridge DG, Evans CM, Freeman TM, de Silva TI, McDanal C, Perez LG, Tang H, Moon-Walker A, Whelan SP, LaBranche CC, Saphire EO, Montefiori DC. Tracking Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 Virus. Cell 2020. [PMID: 32697968 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.043%0asummary] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
A SARS-CoV-2 variant carrying the Spike protein amino acid change D614G has become the most prevalent form in the global pandemic. Dynamic tracking of variant frequencies revealed a recurrent pattern of G614 increase at multiple geographic levels: national, regional, and municipal. The shift occurred even in local epidemics where the original D614 form was well established prior to introduction of the G614 variant. The consistency of this pattern was highly statistically significant, suggesting that the G614 variant may have a fitness advantage. We found that the G614 variant grows to a higher titer as pseudotyped virions. In infected individuals, G614 is associated with lower RT-PCR cycle thresholds, suggestive of higher upper respiratory tract viral loads, but not with increased disease severity. These findings illuminate changes important for a mechanistic understanding of the virus and support continuing surveillance of Spike mutations to aid with development of immunological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bette Korber
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
| | - Will M Fischer
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | | | - Hyejin Yoon
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - James Theiler
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Werner Abfalterer
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Nick Hengartner
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Elena E Giorgi
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Tanmoy Bhattacharya
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Brian Foley
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | | | - Matthew D Parker
- Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre & Sheffield Bioinformatics Core, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - David G Partridge
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - Cariad M Evans
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - Timothy M Freeman
- Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre & Sheffield Bioinformatics Core, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Thushan I de Silva
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK; Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Charlene McDanal
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute & Department of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Lautaro G Perez
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute & Department of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Haili Tang
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute & Department of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Alex Moon-Walker
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Program in Virology, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Sean P Whelan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Celia C LaBranche
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute & Department of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - David C Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute & Department of Surgery, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Yoon H, Fuchs C, Özgüroğlu M, Bang Y, Bartolomeo MD, Mandala M, Ryu M, Fornaro L, Olesinski T, Caglevic C, Chung H, Muro K, Cutsem EV, Elme A, Thuss-Patience P, Chau I, Ohtsu A, Wang A, Bhagia P, Lin J, Shih C, Shitara K. O-12 KEYNOTE-061: Response to subsequent therapy following second-line pembrolizumab or paclitaxel in patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Walden D, Sonbol M, Borad M, Petty SB, Yoon H, Bekaii-Saab T, Ahn D. P-91 A retrospective analysis of maintenance strategies in metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal cancer. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.04.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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32
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Catenacci D, Rosales MK, Chung H, Yoon H, Shen L, Moehler M, Kang Y. P-342 Margetuximab combined with anti-PD-1 (MGA012) or anti-PD-1/LAG-3 (MGD013) +/- chemotherapy in first-line therapy of advanced/metastatic HER2+ gastroesophageal junction or gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.04.424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Kempthorne L, Yoon H, Madore C, Smith S, Wszolek ZK, Rademakers R, Kim J, Butovsky O, Dickson DW. Correction to: Loss of homeostatic microglial phenotype in CSF1R-related Leukoencephalopathy. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:90. [PMID: 32580749 PMCID: PMC7315469 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-00970-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
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Yoon H, Lee WS, Kim KB, Moon J. Effects of Leisure Participation on Life Satisfaction in Older Korean Adults: A Panel Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17124402. [PMID: 32575433 PMCID: PMC7345626 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
South Koreans’ life expectancy has dramatically increased over the last four decades. However, the life satisfaction index of older Korean adults has been in the bottom third globally. The large majority of older Koreans spend most of the day watching television at home. However, concrete evidence regarding the effects of leisure involvement on older adults’ quality of later life is scant. Only a few existing studies have examined the link via cross-sectional survey data. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether meaningful leisure participation outside the home in older age plays an essential role in improving life satisfaction. To achieve the research aim, nationally representative panel data from the Korea Employment Information Service were used for the data analysis. The results indicated that social and productive leisure participation in religious activity, social gatherings, and volunteering was significantly related to quality of life in older adults. Moreover, frequent participation in travel and cultural activities outside the home were positively related to life satisfaction. These findings suggest that participation in meaningful leisure activities is a critical factor contributing to subjective well-being and good mental health in older Korean adults and should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Yoon
- Department of Global Tourism, Baewha Women’s University, 34 Pirundae-Ro 1-gil, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 03039, Korea;
| | - Won Seok Lee
- Department of Tourism & Recreation, Kyonggi University, 24, Kyonggidae-Ro 9-gil, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03746, Korea;
| | - Kyoung-Bae Kim
- Tourism Research Institute, Hanyang University, 413 College of Social Sciences, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-10-9182-1037
| | - Joonho Moon
- Department of Tourism Administration, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-Gil, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24341, Korea;
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Koo BS, Eun S, Shin K, Yoon H, Hong CL, Kim DH, Hong S, Kim YG, Lee CK, Yoo B, Oh JS. OP0023 PREDICTION OF REMISSION FOR EACH BIOLOGICS BASED ON PATIENT’S CLINICAL INFORMATION BEFORE STARTING BIOLOGICS USING EXPLAINABLE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: DATA FROM THE KOREAN COLLEGE OF RHEUMATOLOGY BIOLOGICS REGISTRY. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Many studies have identified predictive factors of response to biologics in patients wirh rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, there is still a lack in using them in daily clinical practice. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method that can assist the physician in selecting effective biologics.Objectives:The purpose of this study is to establish machine learning model that predicts remission in patients treated with biologics using data of RA patients from the Korean College of Rheumatology Biologics (KOBIO) registry, and to identify the important features that have the most influence on the response to biologics using explainable artificial intelligence (AI).Methods:A total of 1,527 patients who started with biologics such as etanercept, adalimumab, golimumab, infliximab, abatacept, and tocilizumab from December 2012 to June 2019 were enrolled. Remission was predicted using 46 variables corresponding to baseline profiles at the starting of each biologics. We used five machine learning methods such as lasso, ridge, SVM, random forest, and XGBoost. For explainability of those models, we used Shapley plot to interpret the feature importance for each biologics.Results:In all machine learning methods, the accuracy and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) were 57.2%~74.5%, 0.547~0.747, respectively (Table 1). The accuracy and AUROC of each biologics were similar between machine learning methods. Figure 2 showed interpretation of feature importance with the Shapley plot for remission. The most important feature was age in adalimumab (younger were closer to remission), daily corticosteroid dose in etanercept, golimumab, and all TNF inhibitors (using fewer doses daily were closer to remission), baseline erythrocyte sedimentation rate in infliximab (lower ESR were closer to remission), disease duration in abatacept (longer disease durations showed difficulty determining remission), baseline c-reactive protein in tocilizumab (higher CRP were closer to remission).Table.Predicting remission for all biologics in various machine learning method.MeasureLassoRidgeSVMRandom ForestXGBoostNo info rateSampleAbataceptAccuracy74.1%74.1%70.6%71.8%68.8%70.6%216AUROC0.7250.7420.7070.6770.6470.500AdalimumabAccuracy73.6%72.0%70.4%72.0%70.4%68.8%315AUROC0.7100.7290.7000.6750.6630.500EtanerceptAccuracy72.0%72.0%70.0%71.5%70.0%68.0%250AUROC0.7410.7470.7260.7190.7040.500GolimumabAccuracy71.3%68.5%66.7%68.5%68.5%68.5%138AUROC0.7460.7270.7010.6900.6550.500InfliximabAccuracy72.8%73.5%67.6%73.5%69.1%72.5%172AUROC0.6630.6830.6160.5970.5270.500TNF inhibitorsAccuracy73.9%74.5%73.9%74.2%73.6%70.3%875AUROC0.7390.7410.7260.7470.7240.500TocilizumabAccuracy62.4%63.6%62.4%59.5%57.2%59.5%436AUROC0.6330.6400.6330.6150.5470.500Figure 2.Shapley plots and SHAP values for the feature importance from clinical information in patients with RA.Conclusion:We developed machine learning models for predicting remission as a response to each biologics in active RA patients based on their clinical profiles, and found important clinical features using explainable AI. This approach may support clinical decisions to improve treatment outcomes in patients with RA.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Kempthorne L, Yoon H, Madore C, Smith S, Wszolek ZK, Rademakers R, Kim J, Butovsky O, Dickson DW. Loss of homeostatic microglial phenotype in CSF1R-related Leukoencephalopathy. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:72. [PMID: 32430064 PMCID: PMC7236286 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-00947-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are resident macrophages of the central nervous system, and their unique molecular signature is dependent upon CSF-1 signaling. Previous studies have demonstrated the importance of CSF-1R in survival and development of microglia in animal models, but the findings are of uncertain relevance to understanding the influence of CSF-1R on microglia in humans. Hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids (HDLS) [also known as adult onset leukoencephalopathy with spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP)] is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting cerebral white matter, most often caused by mutations of CSF1R. Therefore, we hypothesized that the molecular profile of microglia may be affected in HDLS. Semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry and quantitative transcriptomic profiling revealed reduced expression of IBA-1 and P2RY12 in both white and gray matter microglia of HDLS. In contrast, there was increased expression of CD68 and CD163 in microglia in affected white matter. In addition, expression of selective and specific microglial markers, including P2RY12, CX3CR1 and CSF-1R, were reduced in affected white matter. These results suggest that microglia in white matter in HDLS lose their homeostatic phenotype. Supported by gene ontology analysis, it is likely that an inflammatory phenotype is a key pathogenic feature of microglia in vulnerable brain regions of HDLS. Our findings suggest a potential mechanism of disease pathogenesis by linking aberrant CSF-1 signaling to altered microglial phenotype. They also support the idea that HDLS may be a primary microgliopathy. We observed increased expression of CSF-2 in gray matter compared to affected white matter, which may contribute to selective vulnerability of white matter in HDLS. Our findings suggest that methods that restore the homeostatic phenotype of microglia might be considered treatment approaches in HDLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Kempthorne
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hyejin Yoon
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Charlotte Madore
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott Smith
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zbigniew K Wszolek
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Jungsu Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Oleg Butovsky
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
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Kim B, Shin H, Kim W, Kim H, Cho Y, Yoon H, Baek J, Woo K, Lee Y, Ryoo H. PIN1 Attenuation Improves Midface Hypoplasia in a Mouse Model of Apert Syndrome. J Dent Res 2019; 99:223-232. [PMID: 31869252 DOI: 10.1177/0022034519893656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Premature fusion of the cranial suture and midface hypoplasia are common features of syndromic craniosynostosis caused by mutations in the FGFR2 gene. The only treatment for this condition involves a series of risky surgical procedures designed to correct defects in the craniofacial bones, which must be performed until brain growth has been completed. Several pharmacologic interventions directed at FGFR2 downstream signaling have been tested as potential treatments for premature coronal suture fusion in a mouse model of Apert syndrome. However, there are no published studies that have targeted for the pharmacologic treatment of midface hypoplasia. We used Fgfr2S252W/+ knock-in mice as a model of Apert syndrome and morphometric analyses to identify causal hypoplastic sites in the midface region. Three-dimensional geometric and linear analyses of Fgfr2S252W/+ mice at postnatal day 0 demonstrated distinct morphologic variance. The premature fusion of anterior facial bones, such as the maxilla, nasal, and frontal bones, rather than the cranium or cranial base, is the main contributing factor toward the anterior-posterior skull length shortening. The cranial base of the mouse model had a noticeable downward slant around the intersphenoid synchondrosis, which is related to distortion of the airway. Within a skull, the facial shape variance was highly correlated with the cranial base angle change along Fgfr2 S252W mutation-induced craniofacial anomalies. The inhibition of an FGFR2 downstream signaling enzyme, PIN1, via genetic knockdown or use of a PIN1 inhibitor, juglone, attenuated the aforementioned deformities in a mouse model of Apert syndrome. Overall, these results indicate that FGFR2 signaling is a key contributor toward abnormal anterior-posterior dimensional growth in the midface region. Our study suggests a novel therapeutic option for the prevention of craniofacial malformations induced by mutations in the FGFR2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Shin
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Cho
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Yoon
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Baek
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K Woo
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Lee
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Ryoo
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Park P, Park A, Yoon H, Damian A, Monge D, Das P, Koay E, Holliday E, Koong A, Minsky B, Taniguchi C, Smith G, Krishnan S, Suh Y, Sawakuchi G, Beddar S, Herman J. Patient Setup Management for Pancreatic SBRT: Daily CT Based Assessment of Setup Accuracy using Vertebral Bone, Fiducial Markers, Biliary Stent, and Soft-Tissue Targeting. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Yoon H, Jang S, Jeong H, Joo ES, Lee HH. Understanding of cholesterol transport in NPC family proteins: a computational study. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2019. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273319090065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Bricault CA, Yusim K, Seaman MS, Yoon H, Theiler J, Giorgi EE, Wagh K, Theiler M, Hraber P, Macke JP, Kreider EF, Learn GH, Hahn BH, Scheid JF, Kovacs JM, Shields JL, Lavine CL, Ghantous F, Rist M, Bayne MG, Neubauer GH, McMahan K, Peng H, Chéneau C, Jones JJ, Zeng J, Ochsenbauer C, Nkolola JP, Stephenson KE, Chen B, Gnanakaran S, Bonsignori M, Williams LD, Haynes BF, Doria-Rose N, Mascola JR, Montefiori DC, Barouch DH, Korber B. HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibody Signatures and Application to Epitope-Targeted Vaccine Design. Cell Host Microbe 2019; 26:296. [PMID: 31415756 PMCID: PMC6706656 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Yoon H, Chung WS. HP-05-004 Sexual function of women with ulcer type interstitial cystitis. J Sex Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.03.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kim I, Kim H, Chang W, Kim J, Park N, Youn J, Choi S, Jun S, Cho Y, Yoon H, Nam C, Han S, Hur S, Park H. Efficacy and Safety of Idarucizumab for Rapid Reversal from Dabigatran in Patients Undergoing Orthotopic Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Bricault CA, Yusim K, Seaman MS, Yoon H, Theiler J, Giorgi EE, Wagh K, Theiler M, Hraber P, Macke JP, Kreider EF, Learn GH, Hahn BH, Scheid JF, Kovacs JM, Shields JL, Lavine CL, Ghantous F, Rist M, Bayne MG, Neubauer GH, McMahan K, Peng H, Chéneau C, Jones JJ, Zeng J, Ochsenbauer C, Nkolola JP, Stephenson KE, Chen B, Gnanakaran S, Bonsignori M, Williams LD, Haynes BF, Doria-Rose N, Mascola JR, Montefiori DC, Barouch DH, Korber B. HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibody Signatures and Application to Epitope-Targeted Vaccine Design. Cell Host Microbe 2019; 25:59-72.e8. [PMID: 30629920 PMCID: PMC6331341 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Eliciting HIV-1-specific broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) remains a challenge for vaccine development, and the potential of passively delivered bNAbs for prophylaxis and therapeutics is being explored. We used neutralization data from four large virus panels to comprehensively map viral signatures associated with bNAb sensitivity, including amino acids, hypervariable region characteristics, and clade effects across four different classes of bNAbs. The bNAb signatures defined for the variable loop 2 (V2) epitope region of HIV-1 Env were then employed to inform immunogen design in a proof-of-concept exploration of signature-based epitope targeted (SET) vaccines. V2 bNAb signature-guided mutations were introduced into Env 459C to create a trivalent vaccine, and immunization of guinea pigs with V2-SET vaccines resulted in increased breadth of NAb responses compared with Env 459C alone. These data demonstrate that bNAb signatures can be utilized to engineer HIV-1 Env vaccine immunogens capable of eliciting antibody responses with greater neutralization breadth. HIV-1 bNAb sensitivity signatures from 4 large virus panels mapped across 4 Ab classes Non-contact hypervariable region characteristics are critical for bNAb sensitivity HIV-1 Env 459C used alone as a vaccine can elicit modest tier 2 NAbs in guinea pigs V2 bNAb signature-guided modifications in 459C enhanced neutralization breadth
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Bricault
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Karina Yusim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Michael S Seaman
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hyejin Yoon
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - James Theiler
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Elena E Giorgi
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Kshitij Wagh
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | | | - Peter Hraber
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | | | - Edward F Kreider
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gerald H Learn
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Beatrice H Hahn
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Johannes F Scheid
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - James M Kovacs
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO 80918, USA
| | - Jennifer L Shields
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Christy L Lavine
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Fadi Ghantous
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Michael Rist
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Madeleine G Bayne
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - George H Neubauer
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Katherine McMahan
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hanqin Peng
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Coraline Chéneau
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jennifer J Jones
- Department of Medicine and CFAR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Medicine and CFAR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Christina Ochsenbauer
- Department of Medicine and CFAR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Joseph P Nkolola
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kathryn E Stephenson
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Bing Chen
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - S Gnanakaran
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Mattia Bonsignori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - LaTonya D Williams
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nicole Doria-Rose
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - John R Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - David C Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Dan H Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Bette Korber
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
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Hu LS, Yoon H, Eschbacher JM, Baxter LC, Dueck AC, Nespodzany A, Smith KA, Nakaji P, Xu Y, Wang L, Karis JP, Hawkins-Daarud AJ, Singleton KW, Jackson PR, Anderies BJ, Bendok BR, Zimmerman RS, Quarles C, Porter-Umphrey AB, Mrugala MM, Sharma A, Hoxworth JM, Sattur MG, Sanai N, Koulemberis PE, Krishna C, Mitchell JR, Wu T, Tran NL, Swanson KR, Li J. Accurate Patient-Specific Machine Learning Models of Glioblastoma Invasion Using Transfer Learning. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:418-425. [PMID: 30819771 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE MR imaging-based modeling of tumor cell density can substantially improve targeted treatment of glioblastoma. Unfortunately, interpatient variability limits the predictive ability of many modeling approaches. We present a transfer learning method that generates individualized patient models, grounded in the wealth of population data, while also detecting and adjusting for interpatient variabilities based on each patient's own histologic data. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited patients with primary glioblastoma undergoing image-guided biopsies and preoperative imaging, including contrast-enhanced MR imaging, dynamic susceptibility contrast MR imaging, and diffusion tensor imaging. We calculated relative cerebral blood volume from DSC-MR imaging and mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy from DTI. Following image coregistration, we assessed tumor cell density for each biopsy and identified corresponding localized MR imaging measurements. We then explored a range of univariate and multivariate predictive models of tumor cell density based on MR imaging measurements in a generalized one-model-fits-all approach. We then implemented both univariate and multivariate individualized transfer learning predictive models, which harness the available population-level data but allow individual variability in their predictions. Finally, we compared Pearson correlation coefficients and mean absolute error between the individualized transfer learning and generalized one-model-fits-all models. RESULTS Tumor cell density significantly correlated with relative CBV (r = 0.33, P < .001), and T1-weighted postcontrast (r = 0.36, P < .001) on univariate analysis after correcting for multiple comparisons. With single-variable modeling (using relative CBV), transfer learning increased predictive performance (r = 0.53, mean absolute error = 15.19%) compared with one-model-fits-all (r = 0.27, mean absolute error = 17.79%). With multivariate modeling, transfer learning further improved performance (r = 0.88, mean absolute error = 5.66%) compared with one-model-fits-all (r = 0.39, mean absolute error = 16.55%). CONCLUSIONS Transfer learning significantly improves predictive modeling performance for quantifying tumor cell density in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Hu
- From the Department of Radiology (L.S.H., J.M.H., J.R.M., T.W., J.L.)
| | - H Yoon
- Arizona State University (H.Y., Y.X., L.W., T.W., J.L.), Tempe, Arizona
| | | | | | - A C Dueck
- Department of Biostatistics (A.C.D.), Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | | | | | - P Nakaji
- Neurosurgery (K.A.S., P.N., N.S.)
| | - Y Xu
- Arizona State University (H.Y., Y.X., L.W., T.W., J.L.), Tempe, Arizona
| | - L Wang
- Arizona State University (H.Y., Y.X., L.W., T.W., J.L.), Tempe, Arizona
| | | | - A J Hawkins-Daarud
- Precision Neurotherapeutics Lab (A.J.H.-D., K.W.S., P.R.J, B.R.B., K.R.S.)
| | - K W Singleton
- Precision Neurotherapeutics Lab (A.J.H.-D., K.W.S., P.R.J, B.R.B., K.R.S.)
| | - P R Jackson
- Precision Neurotherapeutics Lab (A.J.H.-D., K.W.S., P.R.J, B.R.B., K.R.S.)
| | - B J Anderies
- Department of Neurosurgery (B.J.A., B.R.B., R.S.Z., M.G.S., P.E.K., C.K., K.R.S.)
| | - B R Bendok
- Precision Neurotherapeutics Lab (A.J.H.-D., K.W.S., P.R.J, B.R.B., K.R.S.).,Department of Neurosurgery (B.J.A., B.R.B., R.S.Z., M.G.S., P.E.K., C.K., K.R.S.)
| | - R S Zimmerman
- Department of Neurosurgery (B.J.A., B.R.B., R.S.Z., M.G.S., P.E.K., C.K., K.R.S.)
| | - C Quarles
- Neuroimaging Research (C.Q.), Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | | | - M M Mrugala
- Department of Neuro-Oncology (A.B.P.-U., M.M.M., A.S.)
| | - A Sharma
- Department of Neuro-Oncology (A.B.P.-U., M.M.M., A.S.)
| | - J M Hoxworth
- From the Department of Radiology (L.S.H., J.M.H., J.R.M., T.W., J.L.)
| | - M G Sattur
- Department of Neurosurgery (B.J.A., B.R.B., R.S.Z., M.G.S., P.E.K., C.K., K.R.S.)
| | - N Sanai
- Neurosurgery (K.A.S., P.N., N.S.)
| | - P E Koulemberis
- Department of Neurosurgery (B.J.A., B.R.B., R.S.Z., M.G.S., P.E.K., C.K., K.R.S.)
| | - C Krishna
- Department of Neurosurgery (B.J.A., B.R.B., R.S.Z., M.G.S., P.E.K., C.K., K.R.S.)
| | - J R Mitchell
- From the Department of Radiology (L.S.H., J.M.H., J.R.M., T.W., J.L.).,H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute (J.R.M.), Tampa, Florida
| | - T Wu
- From the Department of Radiology (L.S.H., J.M.H., J.R.M., T.W., J.L.).,Arizona State University (H.Y., Y.X., L.W., T.W., J.L.), Tempe, Arizona
| | - N L Tran
- Department of Cancer Biology (N.L.T.), Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - K R Swanson
- Precision Neurotherapeutics Lab (A.J.H.-D., K.W.S., P.R.J, B.R.B., K.R.S.).,Department of Neurosurgery (B.J.A., B.R.B., R.S.Z., M.G.S., P.E.K., C.K., K.R.S.)
| | - J Li
- From the Department of Radiology (L.S.H., J.M.H., J.R.M., T.W., J.L.).,Arizona State University (H.Y., Y.X., L.W., T.W., J.L.), Tempe, Arizona
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Heo SG, Jang D, Koo HJ, Yoon H. Large-area fabrication of microlens arrays by using self-pinning effects during the thermal reflow process. Opt Express 2019; 27:3439-3447. [PMID: 30732364 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.003439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Generally, the fabrication of curved structures such as microlens arrays has been regarded as an expensive and complicated process. Here, we propose a facile method to form a microlens array with controlled lens curvature by combining residue-free nanoimprint lithography (NIL) with V-shaped molds and the successive thermal reflow procedure of the printed polymeric structures. The V-shaped molds used in this study enable the bottom substrate to be exposed after the NIL process when the initial thickness is controlled. Then, we use the thermal reflow to realize hemi-cylindrical curved lenses by applying heat. The polymers are self-pinned on the exposed substrate, which is strong enough to fix the boundary to not dewet or be flattened in the broad temperature range of the reflow process, which is essential for a large-area fabrication. Furthermore, we demonstrate the modulation of the focal lengths of the lenses by controlling the initial polymer thickness coated on a substrate.
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Nguyen HT, Kim S, Yu NH, Park AR, Yoon H, Bae CH, Yeo JH, Kim IS, Kim JC. Antimicrobial activities of an oxygenated cyclohexanone derivative isolated from Amphirosellinia nigrospora JS-1675 against various plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 126:894-904. [PMID: 30358043 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the antimicrobial activities of an active compound isolated from the culture broth of Amphirosellinia nigrospora JS-1675 against various plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi. METHODS AND RESULTS While screening for bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi, we found that A. nigrospora JS-1675 showed strong in vitro antibacterial activity against Ralstonia solanacearum. One compound (1) was isolated and identified as (4S, 5S, 6S)-5,6-epoxy-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-methyl-cyclohex-2-en-1-one. Growth of most of the tested phytopathogenic bacteria was inhibited by compound 1 and the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) layer except Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans. Compound 1 also inhibited the mycelial growth of several plant pathogenic fungi. Both compound 1 and the EtOAc layer reduced bacterial leaf spot disease in detached peach leaves. They also suppressed the development of bacterial wilt on tomato seedlings quite effectively. CONCLUSIONS Amphirosellinia nigrospora JS-1675 showed antimicrobial activity against plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi by producing compound 1. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first report on the occurrence of compound 1 in A. nigrospora JS-1675 and its efficacy against plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Their strong disease control efficacy against tomato bacterial wilt suggests that this fungus can be used as a microbial bactericide.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Nguyen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - S Kim
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea
| | - N H Yu
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - A R Park
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - H Yoon
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea
| | - C-H Bae
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea
| | - J H Yeo
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea
| | - I S Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - J-C Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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Kim S, Yoon H. VOLUNTEERING, SUBJECTIVE SLEEP QUALITY, AND LONGITUDINAL RISK OF INFLAMMATION: POTENTIAL PATHWAYS? Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - H Yoon
- School of Social Work, Texas State University
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48
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoon
- School of Social Work, Texas State University
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Oh H, Yoon S, Seo M, Oh E, Yoon H, Lee H, Lee J, Ryu HG. Utility of the laryngeal handshake method for identifying the cricothyroid membrane. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2018; 62:1223-1228. [PMID: 29926892 DOI: 10.1111/aas.13169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cricothyroid membrane is the most commonly accessed location for invasive surgical airway. Although the laryngeal handshake method is recommended for identifying the cricothyroid membrane, there is no clinical data regarding the utility of the laryngeal handshake method in cricothyroid membrane identification. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of cricothyroid membrane identification between the laryngeal handshake method and simple palpation. METHODS After anaesthesia induction, the otorhinolaryngology resident and anaesthesia resident identified and marked the needle insertion point for cricothyroidotomy using simple palpation and the laryngeal handshake method, respectively. The cricothyroid membrane was confirmed with ultrasonography. Identification was determined successful if the marked point was placed within the longitudinal area of the cricothyroid membrane and within 5 mm from midline transversely. The accuracy of cricothyroid membrane identification using the laryngeal handshake method and simple palpation was compared. RESULTS A total of 123 patients were enrolled. The cricothyroid membrane was correctly identified in 87 (70.7%, 95% confidence interval 61.8-78.6%) patients using the laryngeal handshake method compared to 78 (63.4%, 95% confidence interval 54.3-71.9%) patients using simple palpation (P = .188). The time required to identify the cricothyroid membrane was longer when using the laryngeal handshake method (15 [3-48] seconds vs 10.9 [3-55] seconds, P = .003). CONCLUSION The success rate of identifying the cricothyroid membrane was similar among the anesthesiologists who performed the laryngeal handshake method and also among otorhinolaryngologists who used simple palpation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Oh
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - S. Yoon
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - M. Seo
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - E. Oh
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - H. Yoon
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - H. Lee
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - J. Lee
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine; Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Centre; Seoul Korea
| | - H. G. Ryu
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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Kang J, Cho B, Kim D, Park K, Lee J, Yoo S, Lee S, Kim C, Jang S, Kim Y, Yoon H, Kim S. MA08.07 Real World Data of Osimertinib in Patients with Central Nervous System (CNS) Metastasis in ASTRIS Korean Subset. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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