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Sun J, Li J, He Y, Kang W, Ye X. Identification and validation of protein biomarkers for predicting gastrointestinal stromal tumor recurrence. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1065-1075. [PMID: 38455069 PMCID: PMC10918489 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
We conducted a proteomic analysis using mass spectrometry to identify and validate protein biomarkers for accurately predicting recurrence risk in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) patients, focusing on differentially expressed proteins in metastatic versus primary GIST tissues. We selected five biomarkers-GPX4, RBM4, TPM3, PFKFB2, and PGAM5-and validated their expressions in primary tumors of recurrent and non-recurrent GIST patients via immunohistochemistry. Our analysis of the association between these biomarkers with recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS), along with their interrelationships, revealed that immunohistochemistry confirmed significantly higher expressions of these biomarkers in primary GIST tissues of recurrent patients. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that high expressions of GPX4, RBM4, TPM3, PFKFB2, and PGAM5 correlated with lower RFS, and GPX4 and RBM4 with lower OS. All biomarker pairs showed positive associations, with high expressions correlating with increased recurrence rates, and GPX4 and RBM4 with higher mortality rates. In conclusion, the biomarkers GPX4, RBM4, TPM3, PFKFB2, and PGAM5 are clinically relevant for predicting GIST recurrence, with their high expressions in primary tumors linked to poorer RFS and OS. They serve as potential prognostic indicators, enabling early treatment and improved outcomes. The observed interrelationships among these biomarkers further validate their accuracy in predicting GIST recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yixuan He
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weiming Kang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Rajendran R, Beck RC, Waskasi MM, Kelly BD, Bauer DR. Digital analysis of the prostate tumor microenvironment with high-order chromogenic multiplexing. J Pathol Inform 2024; 15:100352. [PMID: 38186745 PMCID: PMC10770522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpi.2023.100352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
As our understanding of the tumor microenvironment grows, the pathology field is increasingly utilizing multianalyte diagnostic assays to understand important characteristics of tumor growth. In clinical settings, brightfield chromogenic assays represent the gold-standard and have developed significant trust as the first-line diagnostic method. However, conventional brightfield tests have been limited to low-order assays that are visually interrogated. We have developed a hybrid method of brightfield chromogenic multiplexing that overcomes these limitations and enables high-order multiplex assays. However, how compatible high-order brightfield multiplexed images are with advanced analytical algorithms has not been extensively evaluated. In the present study, we address this gap by developing a novel 6-marker prostate cancer assay that targets diverse aspects of the tumor microenvironment such as prostate-specific biomarkers (PSMA and p504s), immune biomarkers (CD8 and PD-L1), a prognostic biomarker (Ki-67), as well as an adjunctive diagnostic biomarker (basal cell cocktail) and apply the assay to 143 differentially graded adenocarcinoma prostate tissues. The tissues were then imaged on our spectroscopic multiplexing imaging platform and mined for proteomic and spatial features that were correlated with cancer presence and disease grade. Extracted features were used to train a UMAP model that differentiated healthy from cancerous tissue with an accuracy of 89% and identified clusters of cells based on cancer grade. For spatial analysis, cell-to-cell distances were calculated for all biomarkers and differences between healthy and adenocarcinoma tissues were studied. We report that p504s positive cells were at least 2× closer to cells expressing PD-L1, CD8, Ki-67, and basal cell in adenocarcinoma tissues relative to the healthy control tissues. These findings offer a powerful insight to understand the fingerprint of the prostate tumor microenvironment and indicate that high-order chromogenic multiplexing is compatible with digital analysis. Thus, the presented chromogenic multiplexing system combines the clinical applicability of brightfield assays with the emerging diagnostic power of high-order multiplexing in a digital pathology friendly format that is well-suited for translational studies to better understand mechanisms of tumor development and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Rajendran
- Roche Diagnostics Solutions, (Ventana Medical Systems, Inc.), Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Rachel C. Beck
- Roche Diagnostics Solutions, (Ventana Medical Systems, Inc.), Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Morteza M. Waskasi
- Roche Diagnostics Solutions, (Ventana Medical Systems, Inc.), Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Brian D. Kelly
- Roche Diagnostics Solutions, (Ventana Medical Systems, Inc.), Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Daniel R. Bauer
- Roche Diagnostics Solutions, (Ventana Medical Systems, Inc.), Tucson, AZ, USA
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Iwanicki T, Steck M, Bracken-Grissom H, Porter ML. Localization of multiple opsins in ocular and non-ocular tissues of deep-sea shrimps and the first evidence of co-localization in a rhabdomeric R8 cell (Caridea: Oplophoroidea). Vision Res 2024; 219:108403. [PMID: 38581820 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Bioluminescence is a prevalent phenomenon throughout the marine realm and is often the dominant source of light in mesophotic and aphotic depth horizons. Shrimp belonging to the superfamily Oplophoroidea are mesopelagic, perform diel vertical migration, and secrete a bright burst of bioluminescent mucous when threatened. Species in the family Oplophoridae also possess cuticular light-emitting photophores presumably for camouflage via counter-illumination. Many species within the superfamily express a single visual pigment in the retina, consistent with most other large-bodied mesopelagic crustaceans studied to date. Photophore-bearing species have an expanded visual opsin repertoire and dual-sensitivity visual systems, as evidenced by transcriptomes and electroretinograms. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry to describe opsin protein localization in the retinas of four species of Oplophoroidea and non-ocular tissues of Janicella spinicauda. Our results show that Acanthephyra purpurea (Acanthephyridae) retinas possess LWS-only photoreceptors, consistent with the singular peak sensitivity previously reported. Oplophoridae retinas contain two opsin clades (LWS and MWS) consistent with dual-sensitivity. Oplophorus gracilirostris and Systellaspis debilis have LWS in the proximal rhabdom (R1-7 cells) and MWS2 localized in the distal rhabdom (R8 cell). Surprisingly, Janicella spinicauda has LWS in the proximal rhabdom (R1-7) and co-localized MWS1 and MWS2 opsin paralogs in the distal rhabdom, providing the first evidence of co-localization of opsins in a crustacean rhabdomeric R8 cell. Furthermore, opsins were found in multiple non-ocular tissues of J. spinicauda, including nerve, tendon, and photophore. These combined data demonstrate evolutionary novelty and opsin duplication within Oplophoridae, with implications for visual ecology, evolution in mesophotic environments, and a mechanistic understanding of adaptive counter-illumination using photophore bioluminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Iwanicki
- The Earth Commons Institute, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States; School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States; Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Washington, DC 20013, United States.
| | - Mireille Steck
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
| | - Heather Bracken-Grissom
- Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Washington, DC 20013, United States; Institute of Environment, Department of Biology, Florida International University, North Miami, FL 33181, United States
| | - Megan L Porter
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
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Abedi M, Nili F, Dehkhoda F, Abdollahi A, Salarvand S. Evaluation of C4d expression and staining patterns by immunohistochemistry in renal biopsy samples with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and minimal change disease. Ann Diagn Pathol 2024; 70:152281. [PMID: 38417352 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION C4d is an activation product of lectin pathway of complement. Glomerular deposition of C4d is associated with poor prognosis in different types of immune-related glomerulonephritis. The present study was conducted to investigate expression level of C4d and its staining pattern in renal biopsy of patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and minimal change disease (MCD) by immunohistochemistry method. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective cross-sectional study, renal biopsy specimens from 46 samples of MCD, 47 samples of FSGS, and 15 samples without glomerular disease as the controls, were subjected to immunohistochemistry staining with C4d. Demographic characteristics and information obtained from light and electron microscopy (EM) of patients were also extracted from their files. RESULTS C4d positive staining was observed in 97.9 % of FSGS and 43.5 % of MCD samples, which showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of C4d expression for diagnosing FSGS were 97.9 % and 56.5 %, respectively. There was no significant correlation between C4d expression and any of the light and electron microscopy findings, including presence of foam cells, mesangial matrix expansion, interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy, and basement membrane changes in MCD patients. Also, no significant correlation was observed between C4d expression and clinical symptoms of proteinuria or prolonged high level of creatinine in patients with MCD. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The expression of C4d marker had a good sensitivity and negative predictive value in the diagnosis of FSGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Abedi
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nili
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Dehkhoda
- Department of Orthopedics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Abdollahi
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Salarvand
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Santos-Sousa AL, Kayahara GM, Bastos DB, Sarafim-Silva BAM, Crivelini MM, Valente VB, Corrente JE, Xavier-Júnior JCC, Miyahara GI, Bernabé DG. Expression of β 1- and β 2-adrenergic receptors in oral squamous cell carcinoma and their association with psychological and clinical factors. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 162:105939. [PMID: 38490087 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological stressors have been related to tumor progression through the activation of beta-adrenergic receptors (β-AR) in several types of cancer. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the expressions of β1- and β2-AR and their association with psychological and clinicopathological variables in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS Tumor samples from 99 patients diagnosed with OSCC were subjected to immunohistochemical reaction to detect the expression of β1-AR and β2-AR. Anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), respectively. The Brunel Mood Scale was used for measuring affective mood states. RESULTS Univariate analyzes revealed that higher expression of β1-AR was associated with increased alcohol consumption (p = 0.032), higher education (p = 0.042), worse sleep quality (p = 0.044) and increased levels of pain related to the primary tumor (p < 0.001). Higher expression of β2-AR was related with regional metastasis (p = 0.014), increased levels of pain related to the primary tumor (p = 0.044), anxiety (p < 0.001) and depressive (p = 0.010) symptoms and higher mood scores of angry (p = 0.010) and fatigue (p = 0.010). Multivariate analysis identified that patients with advanced clinical stage had lower β1-AR expression (OR=0.145, 95% CI=0.025-0.828, p = 0.003). Higher anxiety symptoms and higher mood fatigue are independent factors for increased β2-AR expression (OR=4256, 95% CI=1439-12606, p = 0.009; OR=3816, 95% CI=1258-11,573, p = 0.018, respectively). CONCLUSION This study reveal that anxiety, fatigue symptoms, and clinical staging are associated with tumor expression of beta-adrenergic receptors in patients with oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lívia Santos-Sousa
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giseli Mitsuy Kayahara
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Brito Bastos
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Amélia Moreira Sarafim-Silva
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Macedo Crivelini
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vítor Bonetti Valente
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Corrente
- Research Support Office, Botucatu Medical School (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Glauco Issamu Miyahara
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Galera Bernabé
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Jabbar AAJ, Alamri ZZ, Abdulla MA, Salehen NA, Ibrahim IAA, Hassan RR, Almaimani G, Bamagous GA, Almaimani RA, Almasmoum HA, Ghaith MM, Farrash WF, Almutawif YA. Boric Acid (Boron) Attenuates AOM-Induced Colorectal Cancer in Rats by Augmentation of Apoptotic and Antioxidant Mechanisms. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2702-2719. [PMID: 37770673 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03864-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Boric acid (BA) is a naturally occurring weak Lewis acid containing boron, oxygen, and hydrogen elements that can be found in water, soil, and plants. Because of its numerous biological potentials including anti-proliferation actions, the present investigates the chemopreventive possessions of BA on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats. Thirty laboratory rats were divided into 5 groups: negative control (A) received two subcutaneous inoculations of normal saline and nourished on 10% Tween 20; groups B-E had two injections of 15 mg/kg azoxymethane followed by ingestion of 10% Tween 20 (B, cancer control), inoculation with intraperitoneal 35 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil injection (C, reference group), or ingested with boric acid 30 mg/kg (D) and 60 mg/kg (E). The gross morphology results showed significantly increased total colonic ACF in cancer controls, while BA treatment caused a significant reduction of ACF values. Histopathological evaluation of colons from cancer controls showed bizarrely elongated nuclei, stratified cells, and higher depletion of the submucosal glands than that of BA-treated groups. Boric acid treatment up-surged the pro-apoptotic (Bax) expression and reduced anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) protein expressions. Moreover, BA ingestion caused upregulation of antioxidant enzymes (GPx, SOD, CAT), and lowered MDA contents in colon tissue homogenates. Boric acid-treated rats had significantly lower pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and higher anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) based on serum analysis. The colorectal cancer attenuation by BA is shown by the reduced ACF numbers, anticipated by its regulatory potentials on the apoptotic proteins, antioxidants, and inflammatory cytokines originating from AOM-induced oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A J Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, 44001, Iraq.
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Nur Ain Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawaz Rizgar Hassan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Kirkuk Road, Erbil, 44001, Iraq
| | - Ghassan Almaimani
- Department of surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazi A Bamagous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad A Almaimani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain A Almasmoum
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen M Ghaith
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam F Farrash
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya A Almutawif
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Saudi Arabia
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Wang J, Yoon E, Krishnamurthy S. Concordance between pathologists and between specimen types in detection of HER2-low breast carcinoma by immunohistochemistry. Ann Diagn Pathol 2024; 70:152288. [PMID: 38452457 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Recent clinical trials indicate that HER2-targeted therapy may benefit HER2-low breast cancer patients including HER2 score 1+ or 2+ and no gene amplification. Concordance between pathologists and between core biopsy and surgical excision in establishing HER2-low status was evaluated. DESIGN 57 patients with HER2 negative breast cancer (IHC 0, 1+, or 2+, no gene amplification) by core biopsy were included. Core biopsy and representative tumor from corresponding surgical excision was immunostained for HER2. Original HER2 IHC scores were interpreted using 2018 guidelines. Three pathologists independently interpreted again under 2023 guidelines. Kappa statistic evaluated agreement of HER2 IHC scores. RESULTS Applying 2023 guidelines, HER2 IHC scores were concordant among study pathologists in 46 of 57 (81 %) core biopsy and 50 of 57 (88 %) surgical resections. Kappa statistics were 0.78 and 0.85 (substantial agreement), for inter-pathologist agreement of core biopsy and surgical resections under 2023 guidelines; 0.55 (moderate agreement) for agreement between first interpretation by 2018 guidelines and second interpretation by 2023 guidelines; and 0.13 (slight agreement) for agreement in HER2 consensus scores between outside core and surgical resection and 0.49 (moderate agreement) for inside core and surgical resection. Low HER2 expression was found in 28 of 57 (49 %) core biopsy and in 25 of 57 (44 %) surgical excisions. CONCLUSIONS Interobserver agreement among study pathologists was good in core biopsy and surgical excisions, applying updated 2023 guidelines. Intratumoral heterogeneity in protein expression and preanalytical factors may result in variable identification of HER2-low status in core biopsy and surgical excision specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Esther Yoon
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL 33331, USA
| | - Savitri Krishnamurthy
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Köhne M, Diel E, Packeiser EM, Böttcher D, Tönissen A, Unruh C, Goericke-Pesch S, Ulrich R, Sieme H. Analysis of gene and protein expression in the endometrium for validation of an ex vivo model of the equine uterus using PCR, digital and visual histopathology. Theriogenology 2024; 221:38-46. [PMID: 38537320 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
In the past, most research in equine reproduction has been performed in vivo but the use of in vitro and ex vivo models has recently increased. This study aimed to evaluate the functional stability of an ex vivo hemoperfused model for equine uteri with molecular characterization of marker genes and their proteins. In addition, the study validated the respective protein expression and the aptness of the software QuPath for identifying and scoring immunohistochemically stained equine endometrium. After collection, uteri (n = 12) were flushed with preservation solution, transported to the laboratory on ice, and perfused with autologous blood for 6 h. Cycle stage was determined by examination of the ovaries for presence of Graafian follicles or corpora lutea and analysis of plasma progesterone concentration (estrus: n = 4; diestrus: n = 4; anestrus: n = 4). Samples were obtained directly after slaughter, after transportation, and during perfusion (240, 300, 360 min). mRNA expression levels of progesterone (PGR), estrogen (ESR1) and oxytocin (OXTR) receptor as well as of MKI67 (marker of cell growth) and CASP3 (marker of apoptosis) were analyzed by RT-qPCR, and correlation to protein abundance was validated by immunohistochemical staining. Endometrial samples were analyzed by visual and computer-assisted evaluation of stained antigens via QuPath. For PGR, effects of the perfusion and cycle stage on expression were found (P < 0.05), while ESR1 was affected only by cycle stage (P < 0.05) and OXTR was unaffected by perfusion and cycle stage. MKI67 was lower after 360 min of perfusion as compared to samples collected before perfusion (P < 0.05). For CASP3, differences in gene expression were found after transport and samples taken after 240 min (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining revealed effects of perfusion on stromal and glandular cells for steroid hormone receptors, but not for Ki-67 and active Caspase 3. OXTR was visualized in all layers of the endometrium and was unaffected by perfusion. Comparison of QuPath and visual analysis resulted in similar results. For most cell types and stained antigens, the correlation coefficient was r > 0.5. In conclusion, the isolated hemoperfused model of the equine uterus was successfully validated at the molecular level, demonstrating stability of key marker gene expression. The utility of computer-assisted immunohistochemical analysis of equine endometrial samples was also confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Köhne
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine, Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, 30559, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Emilia Diel
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine, Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Packeiser
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine, Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Denny Böttcher
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna Tönissen
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine, Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christin Unruh
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine, Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandra Goericke-Pesch
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine, Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Reiner Ulrich
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Harald Sieme
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine, Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, 30559, Hannover, Germany
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Guo JQ, Zhou JH, Zhang K, Lv XL, Tu CY. Clinical review and literature analysis of hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma in alcoholic cirrhosis: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:2382-2388. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i14.2382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma (HEA) has a low incidence and both clinical manifestations and imaging lack specificity. Thus, it is easy to misdiagnose HEA as other tumors of the liver, especially in the presence of liver diseases such as hepatitis cirrhosis. This article reviewed the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with HEA and alcoholic cirrhosis, and analyzed the literature, in order to improve the understanding of this disease.
CASE SUMMARY A 67-year-old male patient with a history of alcoholic cirrhosis was admitted due to the discovery of a space-occupying lesion in the liver. Based on the patient’s history, laboratory examinations, and imaging examinations, a malignant liver tumor was considered and laparoscopic partial hepatectomy was performed. Postoperative pathology showed HEA. During outpatient follow-up, the patient showed no sign of recurrence.
CONCLUSION HEA is difficult to make a definite diagnosis before surgery. HEA has the potential for malignant degeneration. If conditions permit, surgical treatment is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Qiang Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xin-Liang Lv
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chao-Yong Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Fazal F, Khan MA, Shawana S, Rashid R, Mubarak M. Correlation of tumor-associated macrophage density and proportion of M2 subtypes with the pathological stage of colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1878-1889. [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i5.1878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent global malignancy with complex prognostic factors. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have shown paradoxical associations with CRC survival, particularly concerning the M2 subset.
AIM We aimed to establish a simplified protocol for quantifying M2-like TAMs and explore their correlation with clinicopathological factors.
METHODS A cross-sectional study included histopathological assessment of paraffin-embedded tissue blocks obtained from 43 CRC patients. Using CD68 and CD163 immunohistochemistry, we quantified TAMs in tumor stroma and front, focusing on M2 proportion. Demographic, histopathological, and clinical parameters were collected.
RESULTS TAM density was significantly higher at the tumor front, with the M2 proportion three times greater in both zones. The tumor front had a higher M2 proportion, which correlated significantly with advanced tumor stage (P = 0.04), pathological nodal involvement (P = 0.04), and lymphovascular invasion (LVI, P = 0.01). However, no significant association was found between the M2 proportion in the tumor stroma and clinicopathological factors.
CONCLUSION Our study introduces a simplified protocol for quantifying M2-like TAMs in CRC tissue samples. We demonstrated a significant correlation between an increased M2 proportion at the tumor front and advanced tumor stage, nodal involvement, and LVI. This suggests that M2-like TAMs might serve as potential indicators of disease progression in CRC, warranting further investigation and potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouzia Fazal
- Department of Pathology, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi 74800, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arsalan Khan
- Department of General Surgery, Sindh Institute of Urology & Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi 74200, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Sumayya Shawana
- Department of Pathology, Bahria University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74400, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Rahma Rashid
- Department of Pathology, SIUT, Karachi 74200, Sindh, Pakistan
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11
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Zheng LP, Shen WY, Hu CD, Wang CH, Chen XJ, Wang J, Shen YY. Undifferentiated high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma of the common bile duct: A case report and review of literature. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:2253-2260. [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i5.2253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is a rare malignant mesenchymal tumor with a poor prognosis. It mainly occurs in the extremities, trunk, head and neck, and retroperitoneum regions. Owing to the lack of specific clinical manifestations and imaging features, UPS diagnosis mainly depends on pathological and immunohistochemical examinations for exclusive diagnosis. Here we report an extremely rare case of high-grade UPS in the common bile duct (CBD). There are limited available data on such cases.
CASE SUMMARY A 70-year-old woman was admitted to our department with yellow eyes and urine accompanied by upper abdominal distending pain for 2 wk. Her laboratory data suggested significantly elevated hepatorenal function levels. The imaging data revealed calculous cholecystitis, intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile duct dilation with extrahepatic bile duct calculi, and a space-occupying lesion at the distal CBD. After endoscopic biliary stenting and symptomatic support therapy, CBD exploration and biopsy were performed. The frozen section indicated malignant spindle cell tumor of the CBD mass, and further radical pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed. Finally, the neoplasm was diagnosed as a high-grade UPS combined with the light-microscopic morphology and immunohistochemical results.
CONCLUSION This extremely rare case highlighted the need for increasing physicians' vigilance, reducing the odds of misdiagnosis, and providing appropriate treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wen-Yan Shen
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chun-Dong Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chun-Hua Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xu-Jian Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Yu Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Lu SP, Jiang LJ, Wang Y, Shao JK, Du ZQ, Huang BF, Wang CQ. Expression of Fascin-1 and its diagnostic value in liver cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10049. [PMID: 38698008 PMCID: PMC11066051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60026-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Although some studies have reported on the expression and clinical significance of Fascin-1 (FSCN1) in liver cancer, the clinical application and differential diagnosis value of FSCN1 in liver cancer are still unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression level of FSCN1 protein in liver cancer tissues and explore its diagnostic and application value in differentiating between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). The immunehistochemical analysis was used to detect the expression of FSCN1 in 108 cases of HCC, 26 cases of ICC, 23 cases of liver cirrhosis, and 11 cases of normal liver tissues. The differences in the positive expression rate and strong positive expression rate of FSCN1 among different groups were analyzed. The positive rate of FSCN1 in normal liver tissues, liver cirrhosis, HCC, and ICC tissues was 0.0% (0/11), 0.0% (0/23), 13.9% (15/108), and 92.3% (24/26), respectively, while the strong positive rate was 0.0% (0/11), 0.0% (0/23), 0.9% (1/108), and 69.2% (18/26), respectively. Both the positive rate and strong positive rate of FSCN1 in ICC tissues were significantly higher than those in HCC, liver cirrhosis, and normal liver tissues. Additionally, the positive rate of FSCN1 in moderately to poorly differentiated HCC tissues was 18.8% (15/80), significantly higher than in well-differentiated HCC (0.0%, 0/28) (P = 0.031). In liver cancer, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of FSCN1 positive prediction for ICC were 92.3%, 86.1%, 61.5%, and 97.9%, respectively, whereas the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of FSCN1 strong positive prediction for ICC were 69.2%, 99.1%, 94.7%, and 93.0%, respectively. These results suggest that FSCN1 may play an important role in the occurrence and progression of liver cancer, and it can be used as a novel diagnostic marker for ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ping Lu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 60 Wu Ning Xi Road, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li-Jing Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 60 Wu Ning Xi Road, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun-Kang Shao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 60 Wu Ning Xi Road, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi-Qun Du
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 60 Wu Ning Xi Road, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bi-Fei Huang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 60 Wu Ning Xi Road, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chao-Qun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 60 Wu Ning Xi Road, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China.
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Ferencz B, Török K, Pipek O, Fillinger J, Csende K, Lantos A, Černeková R, Mitták M, Škarda J, Delongová P, Megyesfalvi E, Schelch K, Lang C, Solta A, Boettiger K, Brcic L, Lindenmann J, Rényi-Vámos F, Aigner C, Berta J, Megyesfalvi Z, Döme B. Expression patterns of novel immunotherapy targets in intermediate- and high-grade lung neuroendocrine neoplasms. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:114. [PMID: 38693435 PMCID: PMC11063022 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03704-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advancements in immunotherapeutic approaches only had a modest impact on the therapy of lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (LNENs). Our multicenter study aimed to investigate the expression patterns of novel immunotherapy targets in intermediate- and high-grade LNENs. METHODS The expressions of V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA), OX40L, Glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor (GITR), and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM3) proteins were measured by immunohistochemistry in surgically resected tumor samples of 26 atypical carcinoid (AC), 49 large cell neuroendocrine lung cancer (LCNEC), and 66 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. Tumor and immune cells were separately scored. RESULTS Tumor cell TIM3 expression was the highest in ACs (p < 0.001), whereas elevated tumor cell GITR levels were characteristic for both ACs and SCLCs (p < 0.001 and p = 0.011, respectively). OX40L expression of tumor cells was considerably lower in ACs (vs. SCLCs; p < 0.001). Tumor cell VISTA expression was consistently low in LNENs, with no significant differences across histological subtypes. ACs were the least immunogenic tumors concerning immune cell abundance (p < 0.001). Immune cell VISTA and GITR expressions were also significantly lower in these intermediate-grade malignancies than in SCLCs or in LCNECs. Immune cell TIM3 and GITR expressions were associated with borderline prognostic significance in our multivariate model (p = 0.057 and p = 0.071, respectively). CONCLUSIONS LNEN subtypes have characteristic and widely divergent VISTA, OX40L, GITR, and TIM3 protein expressions. By shedding light on the different expression patterns of these immunotherapy targets, the current multicenter study provides support for the future implementation of novel immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Ferencz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Klára Török
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Pipek
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Fillinger
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kristóf Csende
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Lantos
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Radoslava Černeková
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel Mitták
- Surgical Clinic, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Škarda
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Patricie Delongová
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Evelyn Megyesfalvi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, National Institute of Oncology, Chest and Abdominal Tumors Chemotherapy "B", Budapest, Hungary
| | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Lang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Solta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristiina Boettiger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luka Brcic
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jörg Lindenmann
- Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ferenc Rényi-Vámos
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- National Institute of Oncology and National Tumor Biology Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Clemens Aigner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judit Berta
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Balázs Döme
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Maria Medeiros de Ataides Bezerra M, Cristina de Farias Andrade I, Cesar Dias de Melo Silva J, Clara Santos Costa A, Ricardo Costa da Silva R, Richardison Silva Vasconcelos L, de Fátima Cavalcanti Toscano Barreto M, Maria Moreira Beltrão Pereira L, Wanessa Santos Rocha S. Hepatic expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and evaluation of MAPK-p38 and NFκB signaling pathways in autoimmune hepatitis. Cytokine 2024; 177:156541. [PMID: 38368696 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a necroinflammatory disease that occurs when genetically susceptible individuals are exposed to an environmental trigger. It is a rare disease, and its epidemiological aspects are nearly unknown in Northeast Brazil. In the literature, the activation of components of the inflammatory cascade pathways, including interleukins such as TNF-α and signaling factors like MAPK-p38 and NFκB, in the pathogenesis of AIH is well described in animal models. This study evaluated, for the first time, the immunostaining of TNF-α, MAPK-p38, and NFκB in immunohistochemical analysis of liver biopsies from AIH patients. The activation of the MAPK-p38 pathway was also studied through immunoassay analysis in the peripheral blood of AIH patients. METHODS AND RESULTS Data from medical records of 25 AIH patients were analyzed. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of liver tissue obtained from biopsies was performed to detect NFκB, MAPK-p38, and TNF-α. Immunoassay analysis of the MAPK-p38 pathway was performed in peripheral blood from 18 AIH patients and 8 healthy volunteers. Medical record analysis showed an average age of 33.3 years, with a female predominance in a ratio of 7.3:1. Concomitance with other autoimmune diseases was observed in 36 % of patients, with thyroid disorders being the most prominent among them, and an 8 % indication for liver transplantation. In the evaluation of autoantibodies, ANA was detected in 52 %, followed by SMA at 20 %, and Anti-LKM-1 at 16 %. Liver biopsy findings were like the global literature, with interface hepatitis and lymphoplasmacytic infiltration observed. Immunohistochemical analysis showed immunostaining for NFκB, MAPK-p38, and TNF-α, corroborating the inflammatory and immunological characteristics of the disease. Immunoassay analysis in peripheral blood confirmed the activation of the MAPK-p38 signaling pathway, with a statistically significant difference between AIH patients and healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS The epidemiological and histological findings of AIH in this study in Northeast Brazil were like global population data. Immunohistochemical analysis of liver tissue and immunoassay analysis in peripheral blood confirmed the activation of TNF-α and the NFκB and MAPK-p38 signaling pathways in AIH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sura Wanessa Santos Rocha
- Graduate Program in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology (BCMA), Brazil; Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Pernambuco (ICB), Brazil.
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15
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Shumilov E, Mazzeo P, Ghandili S, Künstner A, Weidemann S, Banz Y, Ströbel P, Pollak M, Kolloch L, Beltraminelli H, Kerkhoff A, Mikesch JH, Schliemann C, Haase D, Wulf G, Legros M, Lenz G, Feldmeyer L, Pabst T, Witte H, Gebauer N, Bacher U. Diagnostic management of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) in close interaction with therapeutic considerations. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:1587-1599. [PMID: 38194088 PMCID: PMC11009756 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05587-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN), a rare malignancy derived from plasmacytoid dendritic cells, can mimic both acute leukemia and aggressive T-cell lymphoma. Therapy of this highly aggressive hematological disease should be initiated as soon as possible, especially in light of novel targeted therapies that have become available. However, differential diagnosis of BPDCN remains challenging. This retrospective study aimed to highlight the challenges to timely diagnoses of BPDCN. We documented the diagnostic and clinical features of 43 BPDCN patients diagnosed at five academic hospitals from 2001-2022. The frequency of BPDCN diagnosis compared to AML was 1:197 cases. The median interval from the first documented clinical manifestation to diagnosis of BPDCN was 3 months. Skin (65%) followed by bone marrow (51%) and blood (45%) involvement represented the most common sites. Immunophenotyping revealed CD4 + , CD45 + , CD56 + , CD123 + , HLA-DR + , and TCL-1 + as the most common surface markers. Overall, 86% (e.g. CD33) and 83% (e.g., CD7) showed co-expression of myeloid and T-cell markers, respectively. In the median, we detected five genomic alterations per case including mutational subtypes typically involved in AML: DNA methylation (70%), signal transduction (46%), splicing factors (38%), chromatin modification (32%), transcription factors (32%), and RAS pathway (30%), respectively. The contribution of patients (30%) proceeding to any form of upfront stem cell transplantation (SCT; autologous or allogeneic) was almost equal resulting in beneficial overall survival rates in those undergoing allogeneic SCT (p = 0.0001). BPDCN is a rare and challenging entity sharing various typical characteristics of other hematological diseases. Comprehensive diagnostics should be initiated timely to ensure appropriate treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenii Shumilov
- Department of Medicine A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Paolo Mazzeo
- Clinics of Hematology and Medical Oncology, INDIGHO Laboratory, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Goettingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Ghandili
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation With Section Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Axel Künstner
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yara Banz
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Ströbel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Pollak
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lina Kolloch
- Department of Medicine A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Helmut Beltraminelli
- Dermatopathology Department, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Locarno, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Kerkhoff
- Department of Medicine A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Jan-Henrik Mikesch
- Department of Medicine A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Christoph Schliemann
- Department of Medicine A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Detlef Haase
- Clinics of Hematology and Medical Oncology, INDIGHO Laboratory, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Goettingen, Germany
| | - Gerald Wulf
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Goettingen, Germany
| | - Myriam Legros
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Georg Lenz
- Department of Medicine A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Laurence Feldmeyer
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Pabst
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, InselspitalBern, Switzerland
| | - Hanno Witte
- Department for Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
- Department for Hematology and Oncology, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Niklas Gebauer
- Department for Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Ulrike Bacher
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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de Souza SNF, Machado HR, da Silva Lopes L, da Silva Beggiora Marques P, da Silva SC, Dutra M, Aragon DC, Santos MV. Evaluation of the behavioral, histopathological, and immunohistochemical effects resulting from ventriculosubcutaneous shunt obstruction in kaolin-induced hydrocephalus in rats. Childs Nerv Syst 2024; 40:1533-1539. [PMID: 38194082 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-023-06260-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hydrocephalus is a brain disease prevalent in the pediatric population that presents complex pathophysiology and multiple etiologies. The best treatment is still ventricular shunting. Mechanical obstruction is the most frequent complication, but the resulting pathological effects are still unknown. OBJECTIVE Evaluation and comparison of clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical aspects in the acute phase of experimental hydrocephalus induced by kaolin, after treatment with adapted shunt, and after shunt obstruction and posterior disobstruction. METHODS Wistar rats aged 7 days were used and divided into 4 groups: control group without kaolin injection (n = 6), untreated hydrocephalic group (n = 5), hydrocephalic group treated with ventriculosubcutaneous shunt (DVSC) (n = 7), and hydrocephalic group treated with shunt, posteriorly obstructed and disobstructed (n = 5). The animals were submitted to memory and spatial learning evaluation through the Morris water maze test. The rats were sacrificed at 28 days of age and histological analysis of the brains was performed with luxol fast blue, in addition to immunohistochemical analysis in order to evaluate reactive astrocytosis, inflammation, neuronal labeling, and apoptotic activity. RESULTS The group with shunt obstruction had worse performance in memory tests. Reactive astrocytosis was more evident in this group, as was the inflammatory response. CONCLUSIONS Obstruction of the shunt results in impaired performance of behavioral tests and causes irreversible histopathological changes when compared to findings in the group with treated hydrocephalus, even after unblocking the system. The developed model is feasible and efficient in simulating the clinical context of shunt dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Naomi Funo de Souza
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, University Hospital, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, Brazil.
| | - Helio Rubens Machado
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, University Hospital, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Luisa da Silva Lopes
- Behavioral Neuropathology and Pediatric Neurosurgery Laboratory, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Pamella da Silva Beggiora Marques
- Behavioral Neuropathology and Pediatric Neurosurgery Laboratory, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Stephanya Covas da Silva
- Behavioral Neuropathology and Pediatric Neurosurgery Laboratory, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maurício Dutra
- Behavioral Neuropathology and Pediatric Neurosurgery Laboratory, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Davi Casale Aragon
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Volpon Santos
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, University Hospital, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, Brazil
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17
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Nam KH, Lee SK, Lee IJ, Park J, Yun SK. Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of bullous pilomatricoma: a retrospective, single-center study, and comparison with ordinary pilomatricoma. An Bras Dermatol 2024; 99:362-369. [PMID: 38350760 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bullous pilomatricoma is a rare variant of pilomatricoma. As it has been published in sporadic case reports, a limited understanding of its clinicopathological characteristics restricts its effective diagnosis and treatment. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of bullous pilomatricoma to better understand the bullous transformation of pilomatricoma. METHODS The authors conducted a retrospective study of 12 patients with bullous pilomatricoma and compared their clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical data with those of patients with ordinary pilomatricoma. RESULTS Bullous pilomatricoma showed no sex preference, with a mean onset age of 31.2 years. The common sites were the upper extremities and trunk. Bullous pilomatricoma had a shorter disease duration, a larger diameter, and a greater tendency to increase in size than those of ordinary pilomatricoma. Histopathologically, bullous pilomatricoma had a shorter duration, lesser calcification, more mitotic figures, and distinct dermal features from those of ordinary pilomatricoma. Immunohistochemically, the expression of Matrix Metalloprotease (MMP)-2, MMP-9, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3), and VEGF-C was elevated. STUDY LIMITATIONS The study was retrospective, and the sample size was small. CONCLUSION The distinctive features of bullous pilomatricoma potentially result from dermal changes associated with the release of angiogenic factors and proteolytic enzymes. This comprehensive analysis provides novel insights into the clinical features and pathogenesis of bullous pilomatricoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hwa Nam
- Department of Dermatology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University - Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Sang-Kyung Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Il-Jae Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Jin Park
- Department of Dermatology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University - Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Seok-Kweon Yun
- Department of Dermatology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University - Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea.
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Pandurangan K, Jayakumar J, Savoia S, Nanda R, Lata S, Kumar EH, S S, Vasudevan S, Srinivasan C, Joseph J, Sivaprakasam M, Verma R. Systematic development of immunohistochemistry protocol for large cryosections-specific to non-perfused fetal brain. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 405:110085. [PMID: 38387804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is an important technique in understanding the expression of neurochemical molecules in the developing human brain. Despite its routine application in the research and clinical setup, the IHC protocol specific for soft fragile fetal brains that are fixed using the non-perfusion method is still limited in studying the whole brain. NEW METHOD This study shows that the IHC protocols, using a chromogenic detection system, used in animals and adult humans are not optimal in the fetal brains. We have optimized key steps from Antigen retrieval (AR) to chromogen visualization for formalin-fixed whole-brain cryosections (20 µm) mounted on glass slides. RESULTS We show the results from six validated, commonly used antibodies to study the fetal brain. We achieved optimal antigen retrieval with 0.1 M Boric Acid, pH 9.0 at 70°C for 20 minutes. We also present the optimal incubation duration and temperature for protein blocking and the primary antibody that results in specific antigen labeling with minimal tissue damage. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS The IHC protocol commonly used for adult human and animal brains results in significant tissue damage in the fetal brains with little or suboptimal antigen expression. Our new method with important modifications including the temperature, duration, and choice of the alkaline buffer for AR addresses these pitfalls and provides high-quality results. CONCLUSION The optimized IHC protocol for the developing human brain (13-22 GW) provides a high-quality, repeatable, and reliable method for studying chemoarchitecture in neurotypical and pathological conditions across different gestational ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthika Pandurangan
- Sudha Gopalakrishnan Brain Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jaikishan Jayakumar
- Sudha Gopalakrishnan Brain Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Center for Computational Brain Research, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | - Reetuparna Nanda
- Sudha Gopalakrishnan Brain Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - S Lata
- Mediscan Systems, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | - Suresh S
- Mediscan Systems, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sudha Vasudevan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Saveetha Medical College, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Chitra Srinivasan
- Department of Pathology, Saveetha Medical College, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jayaraj Joseph
- Sudha Gopalakrishnan Brain Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam
- Sudha Gopalakrishnan Brain Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Richa Verma
- Sudha Gopalakrishnan Brain Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Mohan D, Nambirajan A, Malik R, Sharma A, Suri V, Kaur K, Doddamani R, Garg A, Gupta S, Mallick S, Sharma MC. MYCN immunohistochemistry as surrogate marker for MYCN-amplified spinal ependymomas. Hum Cell 2024; 37:704-713. [PMID: 38411836 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01037-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
MYCN (master regulator of cell cycle entry and proliferative metabolism) gene amplification defines a molecular subgroup of spinal cord ependymomas that show high-grade morphology and aggressive behavior. Demonstration of MYCN amplification by DNA methylation or fluorescence-in situ hybridization (FISH) is required for diagnosis. We aimed to (i) assess prevalence and clinicopathological features of MYCN-amplified spinal ependymomas and (ii) evaluate utility of immunohistochemistry (IHC) for MYCN protein as a surrogate for molecular testing. A combined retrospective-prospective study spanning 8 years was designed during which all spinal cord ependymomas with adequate tissue were subjected to MYCN FISH and MYCN IHC. Among 77 spinal cord ependymomas included, MYCN amplification was identified in 4 samples from 3 patients (3/74, 4%) including two (1st and 2nd recurrences) from the same patient. All patients were adults (median age at diagnosis of 32 years) including two females and one male. The index tumors were located in thoracic (n = 2) and lumbar (n = 1) spinal cord. One of the female patients had neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). All four tumors showed anaplastic histology. Diffuse expression of MYCN protein was seen in all four MYCN-amplified samples but in none of the non-amplified cases, thus showing 100% concordance with FISH results. On follow-up, the NF2 patient developed widespread spinal dissemination while another developed recurrence proximal to the site of previous excision. To conclude, MYCN-amplified spinal ependymomas are rare tumors, accounting for ~ 4% of spinal cord ependymomas. Within the limitation of small sample size, MYCN IHC showed excellent concordance with MYCN gene amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Mohan
- Departments of Pathology, Neurosurgery, Neuroradiology and Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Aruna Nambirajan
- Departments of Pathology, Neurosurgery, Neuroradiology and Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Rafat Malik
- Departments of Pathology, Neurosurgery, Neuroradiology and Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Agrima Sharma
- Departments of Pathology, Neurosurgery, Neuroradiology and Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Vaishali Suri
- Departments of Pathology, Neurosurgery, Neuroradiology and Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Kavneet Kaur
- Departments of Pathology, Neurosurgery, Neuroradiology and Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ramesh Doddamani
- Departments of Pathology, Neurosurgery, Neuroradiology and Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ajay Garg
- Departments of Pathology, Neurosurgery, Neuroradiology and Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Subhash Gupta
- Departments of Pathology, Neurosurgery, Neuroradiology and Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Supriya Mallick
- Departments of Pathology, Neurosurgery, Neuroradiology and Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Mehar Chand Sharma
- Departments of Pathology, Neurosurgery, Neuroradiology and Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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20
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Prusinkiewicz MA, Park C, Cheung C, Li YJ, Poon B, Skarsgard ED, Lavoie PM, Lee AF, Mudri M. Decreased β-catenin Protein in Lungs From Human Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Archival Pathology Specimens: A Case-control Study. J Pediatr Surg 2024; 59:832-838. [PMID: 38418278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung hypoplasia contributes to congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) associated morbidity and mortality. Changes in lung wingless-type MMTV integration site family member (Wnt)-signalling and its downstream effector beta-catenin (CTNNB1), which acts as a transcription coactivator, exist in animal CDH models but are not well characterized in humans. We aim to identify changes to Wnt-signalling gene expression in human CDH lungs and hypothesize that pathway expression will be lower than controls. METHODS We identified 51 CDH cases and 10 non-CDH controls with archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) autopsy lung tissue from 2012 to 2022. 11 liveborn CDH cases and an additional two anterior diaphragmatic hernias were excluded from the study, leaving 38 CDH cases. Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of Wnt-signalling effectors WNT2B and CTNNB1 was determined for 19 CDH cases and 9 controls. A subset of CDH cases and controls lung sections were immunostained for β-catenin. Clinical variables were obtained from autopsy reports. RESULTS Median gestational age was 21 weeks. 81% (n = 31) of hernias were left-sided. 47% (n = 18) were posterolateral. Liver position was up in 81% (n = 31) of cases. Defect size was Type C or D in 58% (n = 22) of cases based on autopsy photos, and indeterminable in 42% (n = 16) of cases. WNT2B and CTNNB1 mRNA expression did not differ between CDH and non-CDH lungs. CDH lungs had fewer interstitial cells expressing β-catenin protein than non-CDH lungs (13.2% vs 42.4%; p = 0.006). CONCLUSION There appear to be differences in the abundance and/or localization of β-catenin proteins between CDH and non-CDH lungs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III. TYPE OF STUDY Case-Control Study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Prusinkiewicz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chanhyeok Park
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Claire Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ying Jie Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bethany Poon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Erik D Skarsgard
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pascal M Lavoie
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anna F Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Martina Mudri
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Vancouver Island Health Authority, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
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21
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Yeşil Sarsmaz H, Gürgen SG, Cansu A, Türkmen S, Gündüz A. The relationship between oxidative stress and apoptosis of histopathological changes in the ovary made by mad honey containing grayanotoxin. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 187:114634. [PMID: 38582344 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of grayanotoxin in mad honey on ovarian tissue folliculogenesis in terms of cell death and nitric oxide expression. Three groups of 18 female Sprague-Dawley rats were formed. The first group received mad honey (80 mg/kg), the second group received normal honey (80 mg/kg), and the third group was the control. The first and second groups received normal and mad honey by oral gavage for 30 days before being sacrificed under anesthesia. Caspase 3 immunostaining showed a moderate to strong response, particularly in the mad honey group. In the mad honey group, immunostaining for caspase 8 and caspase 9 revealed a moderate immunoreaction in the granulosa cells of the Graaf follicles. The majority of Graaf follicles exhibited TUNEL positive in the mad honey group. The iNOS immunoreaction revealed a high level of expression in the mad honey group. In all three groups, eNOS immunostaining showed weak reactivity. According to the findings of apoptotic and nitric oxide marker expression, it was determined that mad honey may result in an increase in follicular atresia in ovarian follicles when compared to normal honey and control groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayrunnisa Yeşil Sarsmaz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Health Sciences, Manisa, Turkey.
| | - Seren Gülşen Gürgen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Manisa Celal Bayar University Vocational School of Health Services, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Ali Cansu
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Süha Türkmen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdülkadir Gündüz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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22
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Gonzalez de Vega R, Clases D, Cunningham BA, Ganio K, Neville SL, McDevitt CA, Doble PA. Spatial distribution of trace metals and associated transport proteins during bacterial infection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:2783-2796. [PMID: 38057634 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05068-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Innate immune systems alter the concentrations of trace elements in host niches in response to invading pathogens during infection. This work reports the interplay between d-block metal ions and their associated biomolecules using hyphenated elemental techniques to spatially quantify both elemental distributions and the abundance of specific transport proteins. Here, lung tissues were collected for analyses from naïve and Streptococcus pneumoniae-infected mice fed on a zinc-restricted or zinc-supplemented diet. Spatiotemporal distributions of manganese (55Mn), iron (56Fe), copper (63Cu), and zinc (66Zn) were determined by quantitative laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The murine transport proteins ZIP8 and ZIP14, which are associated with zinc transport, were also imaged by incorporation of immunohistochemistry techniques into the analytical workflow. Collectively, this work demonstrates the potential of a single instrumental platform suitable for multiplex analyses of tissues and labelled antibodies to investigate complex elemental interactions at the host-pathogen interface. Further, these methods have the potential for broad application to investigations of biological pathways where concomitant measurement of elements and biomolecules is crucial to understand the basis of disease and aid in development of new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Gonzalez de Vega
- The Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales, Australia
- TESLA-Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - David Clases
- The Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales, Australia
- Nano Micro LAB, Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bliss A Cunningham
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine Ganio
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephanie L Neville
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher A McDevitt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip A Doble
- The Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales, Australia.
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23
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Sasso BM, Vallarelli A, Rosa PS, Belone A, Velho P, Cintra ML. Macrophage immunophenotypes in Jorge Lobo's disease and lepromatous leprosy- A comparative study. Microb Pathog 2024; 190:106610. [PMID: 38484920 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Jorge Lobo's disease (JLD) and lepromatous leprosy (LL) share several clinical, histological and immunological features, especially a deficiency in the cellular immune response. Macrophages participate in innate and adaptive inflammatory immune responses, as well as in tissue regeneration and repair. Macrophage function deficiency results in maintenance of diseases. M1 macrophages produce pro-inflammatory mediators and M2 produce anti-inflammatory cytokines. To better understand JLD and LL pathogenesis, we studied the immunophenotype profile of macrophage subtypes in 52 JLD skin lesions, in comparison with 16 LL samples, using a panmacrophage (CD68) antibody and selective immunohistochemical markers for M1 (iNOS) and M2 (CD163, CD204) responses, HAM56 (resident/fixed macrophage) and MAC 387 (recently infiltrating macrophage) antibodies. We found no differences between the groups regarding the density of the CD163, CD204, MAC387+ immunostained cells, including iNOS, considered a M1 marker. But HAM56+ cell density was higher in LL samples. By comparing the M2 and M1 immunomarkers in each disease separately, some other differences were found. Our results reinforce a higher M2 response in JLD and LL patients, depicting predominant production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, but also some distinction in degree of macrophage activation. Significant amounts of iNOS + macrophages take part in the immune milieu of both LL and JLD samples, displaying impaired microbicidal activity, like alternatively activated M2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Sasso
- State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Afa Vallarelli
- State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - P S Rosa
- Lauro de Souza Lima Institute (ILSL), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Aff Belone
- Lauro de Souza Lima Institute (ILSL), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Penf Velho
- State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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Vineetha VP, Suresh K, Pillai D. Impact of sub-chronic polystyrene nanoplastics exposure on hematology, histology, and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related protein expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 273:110982. [PMID: 38688406 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) are one of the most hazardous marine litters, having the potential to cause far-reaching impacts on the environment and humankind. The effect of NPs on fish health has been studied, but their impact on the subcellular organelles remains unexplored. The present investigation studied the possible implications of polystyrene-nanoplastics (PS-NPs) on the hematology, tissue organization, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish were exposed to ∼100 nm PS-NPs at environmentally relevant (0.1 mg/L), and sublethal (1, 10 mg/L) concentrations for 14 days through water exposure. The growth performance and hematological parameters such as erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and leucocytes decreased, while thrombocytes increased with PS-NPs dose-dependently. The gills, liver, kidney, and heart tissues displayed increasing degrees of pathology with increased concentrations of PS-NPs. The gills showed severe epithelial hyperplasia and lamellar fusion. The liver had an abstruse cellular framework, membrane breakage, and vacuolation. While glomerular and tubular atrophy was the most prominent pathology in the kidney tissue, the heart displayed extensive myofibrillar loss and disorderly arranged cardiac cells. The ER-stress-related genes such as bip, atf6, ire1, xbp1, pkr, and apoptotic genes such as casp3a, and bax were over-expressed, while, the anti-apoptotic bcl2 was under-expressed with increasing concentrations of PS-NPs. Immunohistochemistry and blotting results of GRP78, CHOP, EIF2S, and ATF6 in gills, liver, kidney, and heart tissues affirmed the translation to ER stress proteins. The results revealed the sub-lethal adverse effects and the activation of the ER-stress pathway in fish with sub-chronic exposure to PS-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadavanath Prabhakaran Vineetha
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Panangad, Kochi 682506, Kerala, India.
| | - Kummari Suresh
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Panangad, Kochi 682506, Kerala, India
| | - Devika Pillai
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Panangad, Kochi 682506, Kerala, India.
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Kim BH, Kwon M, Lee D, Park SW, Shin E. K-ras mutation detected by peptide nucleic acid-clamping polymerase chain reaction, Ki-67, S100P, and SMAD4 expression can improve the diagnostic accuracy of inconclusive pancreatic EUS-FNB specimens. Pancreatology 2024:S1424-3903(24)00104-2. [PMID: 38693041 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the diagnostic utility of an immunohistochemical panel including calcium-binding protein P, p53, Ki-67, and SMAD family member 4 and K-ras mutation for diagnosing pancreatic solid lesion specimens obtained by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy and to confirm their usefulness in histologically inconclusive cases. METHODS Immunohistochemistry and peptide nucleic acid-clamping polymerase chain reaction for K-ras mutation were performed on 96 endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy specimens. The diagnostic efficacy of each marker and the combination of markers was calculated. The diagnostic performances of these markers were evaluated in 27 endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy specimens with histologically inconclusive diagnoses. A classification tree was constructed. RESULTS K-ras mutation showed the highest accuracy and consistency. Positivity in more than two or three of the five markers showed high diagnostic accuracy (94.6 % and 93.6 %, respectively), and positivity for more than three markers showed the highest accuracy for inconclusive cases (92.0 %). A classification tree using K-ras mutation, Ki-67, S100P, and SMAD4 showed high diagnostic performance, with only two misclassifications in inconclusive cases. CONCLUSIONS K-ras mutation detection via peptide nucleic acid-clamping polymerase chain reaction is a stable and accurate method for distinguishing between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and non-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma lesions. A classification tree using K-ras mutation, Ki-67, S100P, and SMAD4 helps increase the diagnostic accuracy of cases that are histologically difficult to diagnose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Hyung Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Minji Kwon
- Department of Statistics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Donghwan Lee
- Department of Statistics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Se Woo Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
| | - Eun Shin
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
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Lv JJ, Yao QL, Jiang XB, Ren M, Cai X, Dai B, Kong YY. Primary leptomeningeal melanocytic neoplasms: A clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular study of 12 cases. Hum Pathol 2024; 148:32-40. [PMID: 38670237 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of primary leptomeningeal melanocytic neoplasms (LMNs). Twelve LMN cases were retrospectively reviewed. We performed Fluorescence in-situ hybridization (including a 4-probe FISH assay with CDKN2A and MYC assay) and Next-Generation sequencing analyses on available cases. Histologically, 2 tumours were classified as melanocytomas (MC), 2 as intermediate-grade melanocytomas (IMC), and 8 as leptomeningeal melanomas (LMM). Two rare cases of LMM were associated with large plaque-like blue nevus. One MC case was associated with Ota. Ten cases (83.3%) showed melanocytic cells with benign features diffusely proliferating within the meninges. The Ki-67 in three categories differed (MC 0-1%, IMC 0-3%, LMM 3-10%). 57.1% of LMM cases (4/7) were positive for FISH. Nine of 10 tumours harboured activating hotspot mutations in GNAQ, GNA11, or PLCB4. Additional mutations of EIF1AX, SF3B1, or BAP1 were found in 40%, 30%, and 10% of tumours, respectively. During the follow-up (median = 43 months), 5 LMM patients experienced recurrence and/or metastasis, 3 of them died of the disease and the other 2 are alive with the tumour. Our study is by far the first cohort of LMN cases tested by FISH. In addition to morphological indicators including necrosis and mitotic figures, using a combination of Ki-67 and FISH helps to differentiate between IMC and LMM, especially in LMM cases with less pleomorphic features. SF3B1 mutation is first described in 2 cases of plaque-type blue nevus associated with LMM. Patients with SF3B1 mutation might be related to poor prognosis in LMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jie Lv
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Lan Yao
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Bing Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China; Department of Pathology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Ren
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Cai
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Dai
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China; Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yun-Yi Kong
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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Plage H, Furlano K, Hofbauer S, Weinberger S, Ralla B, Franz A, Fendler A, de Martino M, Roßner F, Elezkurtaj S, Kluth M, Lennartz M, Blessin NC, Marx AH, Samtleben H, Fisch M, Rink M, Slojewski M, Kaczmarek K, Ecke T, Hallmann S, Koch S, Adamini N, Zecha H, Minner S, Simon R, Sauter G, Weischenfeldt J, Klatte T, Schlomm T, Horst D, Schallenberg S. PD-L1 expression in tumor and inflammatory cells is associated with favorable tumor features and favorable prognosis in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder not treated by immune checkpoint inhibitors. BMC Urol 2024; 24:96. [PMID: 38658905 PMCID: PMC11041044 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-024-01482-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high level of PD-L1 expression is the most relevant predictive parameter for response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) therapy in urinary bladder cancer. Existing data on the relationship between PD-L1 expression and the natural course of disease are controversial and sparse. METHODS To expand our understanding of the relationship between PD-L1 expression and parameters of cancer aggressiveness, PD-L1 was analyzed on tissue microarrays containing 2710 urothelial bladder carcinomas including 512 patients with follow-up data who underwent radical cystectomy and follow-up therapies in the pre-immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy era. RESULTS Tumor cell positivity in ≥10% of cells were seen in 513 (20%) and an immune cell positivity occurred in 872 (34%) of 2566 interpretable cancers. PD-L1 positivity in tumor cells increased from pTaG2 low grade (0.9% positive) to pTaG3 high grade (4.1%; p = 0.0255) and was even higher in muscle-invasive (pT2-4) carcinomas (29.3%; p < 0.0001). However, within pT2-4 carcinomas, PD-L1 positivity was linked to low pT stage (p = 0.0028), pN0 (p < 0.0001), L0 status (p = 0.0005), and a better prognosis within 512 patients with cystectomy who never received CPIs (p = 0.0073 for tumor cells and p = 0.0086 for inflammatory cells). PD-L1 staining in inflammatory cells was significantly linked to PD-L1 staining in tumor cells (p < 0.0001) and both were linked to a positive p53 immunostaining (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION It cannot be fully excluded that the strong statistical link between PD-L1 status and favorable histological tumor features as well as better prognosis could influence the outcome of studies evaluating CPIs in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Plage
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kira Furlano
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hofbauer
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Weinberger
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ralla
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonia Franz
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Fendler
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michela de Martino
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Roßner
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sefer Elezkurtaj
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Lennartz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niclas C Blessin
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas H Marx
- Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Henrik Samtleben
- Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Margit Fisch
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rink
- Department of Urology, Marienhospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcin Slojewski
- Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Krystian Kaczmarek
- Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Thorsten Ecke
- Department of Urology, Helios Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Steffen Hallmann
- Department of Urology, Helios Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Stefan Koch
- Department of Pathology, Helios Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Nico Adamini
- Department of Urology, Albertinen Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Zecha
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Urology, Albertinen Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Weischenfeldt
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Biotech Research & Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tobias Klatte
- Department of Urology, Helios Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Horst
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Schallenberg
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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Cai Z, Zuo L, Hu F, You H, Lu X, Liao S, Liu F, Li L, Huang W. Abnormal expression of LCA and CD43 in SCLC: a rare case report and brief literature review. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:195. [PMID: 38649942 PMCID: PMC11036674 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-03005-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To present an unusual case of abnormal LCA expression and CD43 in SCLC and to review the reported literature to avoid potential diagnostic pitfalls. CASE PRESENTATION A 73-year-old male patient suffered from persistent back pain for more than one month. MRI revealed a compression fracture of the L1-L5 vertebra. A CT scan revealed multiple nodules and masses at the left root of the neck, lung hilum and mediastinum, and multiple areas of bony destruction of the ribs. Histology of the tumor revealed that small and round cells were arranged in nests with areas of necrosis. The tumor cells were round to ovoid with scant cytoplasm and indistinct cell borders. The nuclear chromatin was finely granular, and the nucleoli were absent or inconspicuous. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin, TTF-1, POU2F3, LCA, and CD43. CONCLUSION This report highlights a potential diagnostic pitfall in the diagnosis of SCLC, urges pathologists to exercise caution in cases of LCA and CD43 positivity and illustrates the need for further immunohistochemical studies to avoid misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Cai
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, 330000, Nanchang, China
| | - Linwei Zuo
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, 330000, Nanchang, China
| | - Fangfang Hu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, 330000, Nanchang, China
| | - Huiyan You
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, 330000, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiangtong Lu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, 330000, Nanchang, China
| | - Shousheng Liao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, 330000, Nanchang, China
| | - Fanrong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, 330000, Nanchang, China
| | - Lixiang Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, 330000, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenyong Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, 330000, Nanchang, China.
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Roller A, Davydov II, Schwalie PC, Serrano-Serrano ML, Heller A, Staedler N, Ferreira CS, Dietmann G, Klaman I, Valdeolivas A, Korski K, Cannarile MA. Tumor-agnostic transcriptome-based classifier identifies spatial infiltration patterns of CD8+T cells in the tumor microenvironment and predicts clinical outcome in early-phase and late-phase clinical trials. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008185. [PMID: 38649280 PMCID: PMC11043740 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immune status of a patient's tumor microenvironment (TME) may guide therapeutic interventions with cancer immunotherapy and help identify potential resistance mechanisms. Currently, patients' immune status is mostly classified based on CD8+tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. An unmet need exists for comparable and reliable precision immunophenotyping tools that would facilitate clinical treatment-relevant decision-making and the understanding of how to overcome resistance mechanisms. METHODS We systematically analyzed the CD8 immunophenotype of 2023 patients from 14 phase I-III clinical trials using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and additionally profiled gene expression by RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). CD8 immunophenotypes were classified by pathologists into CD8-desert, CD8-excluded or CD8-inflamed tumors using CD8 IHC staining in epithelial and stromal areas of the tumor. Using regularized logistic regression, we developed an RNA-seq-based classifier as a surrogate to the IHC-based spatial classification of CD8+tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the TME. RESULTS The CD8 immunophenotype and associated gene expression patterns varied across indications as well as across primary and metastatic lesions. Melanoma and kidney cancers were among the strongest inflamed indications, while CD8-desert phenotypes were most abundant in liver metastases across all tumor types. A good correspondence between the transcriptome and the IHC-based evaluation enabled us to develop a 92-gene classifier that accurately predicted the IHC-based CD8 immunophenotype in primary and metastatic samples (area under the curve inflamed=0.846; excluded=0.712; desert=0.855). The newly developed classifier was prognostic in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data and predictive in lung cancer: patients with predicted CD8-inflamed tumors showed prolonged overall survival (OS) versus patients with CD8-desert tumors (HR 0.88; 95% CI 0.80 to 0.97) across TCGA, and longer OS on immune checkpoint inhibitor administration (phase III OAK study) in non-small-cell lung cancer (HR 0.75; 95% CI 0.58 to 0.97). CONCLUSIONS We provide a new precision immunophenotyping tool based on gene expression that reflects the spatial infiltration patterns of CD8+ lymphocytes in tumors. The classifier enables multiplex analyses and is easy to apply for retrospective, reverse translation approaches as well as for prospective patient enrichment to optimize the response to cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Roller
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Early Development Oncology, Roche Innovation Center, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Iakov I Davydov
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Petra C Schwalie
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martha L Serrano-Serrano
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Astrid Heller
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Early Development Oncology, Roche Innovation Center, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicolas Staedler
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cláudia S Ferreira
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Early Development Oncology, Roche Innovation Center, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Dietmann
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Early Development Oncology, Roche Innovation Center, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Irina Klaman
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Early Development Oncology, Roche Innovation Center, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Alberto Valdeolivas
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Konstanty Korski
- Roche Product Development, PHC Data, Analytics and Imaging, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael A Cannarile
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Early Development Oncology, Roche Innovation Center, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Munich, Germany
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Qian N, Jiang W, Wu X, Zhang N, Yu H, Guo Y. Lesion attention guided neural network for contrast-enhanced mammography-based biomarker status prediction in breast cancer. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2024; 250:108194. [PMID: 38678959 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2024.108194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Accurate identification of molecular biomarker statuses is crucial in cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Studies have demonstrated that medical images could be utilized for non-invasive prediction of biomarker statues. The biomarker status-associated features extracted from medical images are essential in developing medical image-based non-invasive prediction models. Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) is a promising imaging technique for breast cancer diagnosis. This study aims to develop a neural network-based method to extract biomarker-related image features from CEM images and evaluate the potential of CEM in non-invasive biomarker status prediction. METHODS An end-to-end learning convolutional neural network with the whole breast images as inputs was proposed to extract CEM features for biomarker status prediction in breast cancer. The network focused on lesion regions and flexibly extracted image features from lesion and peri‑tumor regions by employing supervised learning with a smooth L1-based consistency constraint. An image-level weakly supervised segmentation network based on Vision Transformer with cross attention to contrast images of breasts with lesions against the contralateral breast images was developed for automatic lesion segmentation. Finally, prediction models were developed following further selection of significant features and the implementation of random forest-based classification. Results were reported using the area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS A dataset from 1203 breast cancer patients was utilized to develop and evaluate the proposed method. Compared to the method without lesion attention and with only lesion regions as inputs, the proposed method performed better at biomarker status prediction. Specifically, it achieved an AUC of 0.71 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.65, 0.77) for Ki-67 and 0.73 (95 % CI: 0.65, 0.80) for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). CONCLUSIONS A lesion attention-guided neural network was proposed in this work to extract CEM image features for biomarker status prediction in breast cancer. The promising results demonstrated the potential of CEM in non-invasively predicting the biomarker statuses in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nini Qian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Department of Radiotherapy, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Shandong 264000, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
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Dong K, Yin L, Wang Y, Jia L, Diao X, Huang X, Zhou L, Lin D, Sun Y. Prevalence and detection methodology for preliminary exploration of NTRK fusion in gastric cancer from a single-center retrospective cohort. Hum Pathol 2024:S0046-8177(24)00063-7. [PMID: 38653403 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The fusion of neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) is a novel target for cancer therapy and offers hope for patients with gastric cancer (GC). However, there are few studies on the prevalence and detection methods of NTRK fusions in GC. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a screening method to select cases for molecular testing and evaluated the effectiveness of IHC, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and next-generation sequencing (NGS). We retrospectively collected 1970 patients with GC. Pan-TRK IHC was conducted in all cases, and three cases were positive: one with strong and diffuse cytoplasmic staining, while two with weak cytoplasmic staining. All three cases were validated using NTRK1/2/3 FISH. FISH results revealed a single 3' signal of NTRK1 in 95% of the tumor cells in the first case, while the remaining two cases were negative. NGS confirmed LMNA-NTRK1 fusion in the first case, with no gene fusion detected in the other two cases. Out of 46 negative controls, one had a non-functional fusion of IGR-NTRK1, and four had point mutations. The case with LMNA-NTRK1 fusion were negative for pMMR, EBV, HER2, and AFP. The pan-TRK IHC showed a 33.33% (1/3) concordance rate with RNA-based NGS. If the criterion for positivity was 3+ cytoplasmic staining, the agreement between IHC and RNA-based NGS was 100% (1/1). In conclusion, the incidence of NTRK fusion in GC is extremely low (0.05%). If the criteria are strict, pan-TRK IHC is highly effective for screening NTRK fusions. FISH could complement NGS detection, particularly when NTRK fusion is detected by DNA sequencing. NTRK fusion in GC may not be limited to specific subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Dong
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.52, Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Lisha Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.52, Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Changzhi People's Hospital, The affiliated Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, No. 502 Changxing Middle Road, Changzhi, Shanxi Province, 046099, China
| | - Ling Jia
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.52, Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Xinting Diao
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.52, Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Xiaozheng Huang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.52, Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Lixin Zhou
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.52, Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Dongmei Lin
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.52, Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing, 100142, China.
| | - Yu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.52, Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing, 100142, China.
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Wang Y, Peng X, Wu M, Wang B, Chen T, Zhan X. SLC35A2 expression is associated with HER2 expression in breast cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:124. [PMID: 38639872 PMCID: PMC11031507 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00978-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of SLC35A2 in breast cancer remains poorly understood, with limited available information on its significance. This study aimed to investigate the expression of SLC35A2 and clinicopathological variables in breast cancer patients. Immunohistochemical analysis of SLC35A2 protein was conductedon 40 adjacent non-neoplastic tissues and 320 breast cancer tissues. The study also assesed the association between SLC35A2 expression and breast cancer clinicopathological features of breast cancer, as well as its impact on overall survival. In comparison to adjacent non-neoplastic tissues, a significantly higher expression of SLC35A2 was observed in breast cancer tissues (P = 0.020), and this expression was found to be independently correlated with HER2 positivity (P = 0.001). Survival analysis indicated that patients with low SLC35A2 expression had a more favorable prognosis in HER2-positive subtype breast cancer (P = 0.017). These results suggest that SLC35A2 is overexpressed in breast cancer tissues compared to adjacent non-neoplastic tissues and may serve as a potential prognostic marker for HER2-positive subtype breast cancer. Furthermore, breast cancer patients with the HER2 positive subtype who exhibited decreased levels of SLC35A2 expression demonstrated improved long-term prognostic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiaobo Peng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Meihong Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Tianran Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xianbao Zhan
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Viaene AN. A role for immunohistochemical stains in perinatal brain autopsies. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2024; 83:345-356. [PMID: 38441171 PMCID: PMC11029462 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Identification of central nervous system injury is a critical part of perinatal autopsies; however, injury is not always easily identifiable due to autolysis and immaturity of the developing brain. Here, the role of immunohistochemical stains in the identification of perinatal brain injury was investigated. Blinded semiquantitative scoring of injury was performed on sections of frontal lobe from 76 cases (51 liveborn and 25 stillborn) using H&E, GFAP, Iba-1, and β-APP stains. Digital image analysis was used to quantify GFAP and Iba-1 staining. Commonly observed pathologies included diffuse white matter gliosis (DWMG) and white matter necrosis (WMN). DWMG scores were very similar on H&E and GFAP stains for liveborn subjects. For stillborn subjects, DWMG scores were significantly higher on GFAP stain than H&E. β-APP was needed for identification of WMN in 71.4% of stillborn subjects compared to 15.4% of liveborn subjects. Diffuse staining for Iba-1 within cortex and white matter was positively correlated with subject age. Staining quantification on digital image analysis was highly correlated to semiquantitative scoring. Overall, GFAP and β-APP stains were most helpful in identifying white matter injury not seen on H&E in stillborn subjects. Immunostains may therefore be warranted as an integral part of stillborn brain autopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela N Viaene
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Terao A, Ninomiya H, Takeuchi K. Prognostic value of large amino acid transporter type 1 (LAT1) expression in pulmonary adenocarcinoma: A tissue microarray study. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2024; 39:100814. [PMID: 38677033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large amino acid transporter type 1 (LAT1) provides cancer cells with essential amino acids for both protein synthesis and cell growth and may predict patient prognosis. Additionally, LAT1 inhibition can be a therapeutic target. This study aimed to examine the prognostic significance of LAT1 expression in lung cancer, paying special attention to adenocarcinoma subtypes. METHODS Tissue microarrays (TMA) of 1,560 total cores obtained from surgically resected lung cancer specimens between 1995 and 2008 at our hospital were used. Overall, 795 cases of adenocarcinoma were identified, and 717 underwent further evaluation. Immunohistochemical staining of whole slides and TMA cores were assessed to set H-score cutoff value.. Immunohistochemical expression of LAT1 was examined based on the subtypes of adenocarcinoma. Statistical analyses explored the prognostic significance of LAT1. RESULTS Adenocarcinoma accounted for 71.8% of all cases (n = 795), and 216 cases (27.1%) expressed LAT1. The 795 cases were categorized into five subtypes: lepidic (n = 29, 3.6%), papillary (n = 601, 75.6%), acinar (n = 58, 7.3%), and solid (n = 9, 1.1%); 717 of the 795 cases were further assessed according to the exclusion criteria. The LAT1-positive ratio increased as the architectural grade increased. Notably, in papillary adenocarcinoma, the LAT1-positive group had significantly lower overall survival compared to the negative group (10-year survival: 45.6% vs. 60.8%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION LAT1 expression was higher in high-grade subtypes of pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Moreover, LAT1 expression is useful for predicting prognosis, particularly in papillary adenocarcinoma, facilitating prognostic stratification of papillary adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hironori Ninomiya
- Division of Pathology, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Japan; Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Japan.
| | - Kengo Takeuchi
- Division of Pathology, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Japan; Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Japan
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Özbek M, Ata A, Karaca H, Kankavi O. Changes in surfactant protein A and D in ovine ovaries related to follicle development. Vet Res Commun 2024:10.1007/s11259-024-10367-3. [PMID: 38635105 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10367-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Surfactant protein A (SP-A) and Surfactant protein D (SP-D) glycoproteins play a crucial role in maintaining lung homeostasis and lung host defense. Interestingly, these proteins are also expressed in extra-pulmonary tissues, including the female genital tract. The ovarian tissue, where SP-A and SP-D expression increases with follicular development, may serve as the primary site of defense for this tissue. However, their functions in these tissues are not well understood and are currently an active area of research. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the expression of SP-A and SP-D in the ovine ovary throughout the ovarian cycle using immunohistochemistry by semiquantitative intensity classification and Western blotting techniques. These findings revealed the presence of SP-A and SP-D in various compartments of the ovary, such as the follicular epithelium, granulosa cells, cumulus cells, theca cells, oocyte I, follicular fluid, and luteal cells of Graafian follicles, excluding the corpus albicans. SP-A and SP-D likely act as a first line of defense against potential pathogens that infiltrate the ovaries. Further investigation of the differential expression of SP-A and SP-D proteins in ovarian follicles will provide a basis for understanding their interactions with key proteins involved in oogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Özbek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Ata
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Harun Karaca
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Orhan Kankavi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey.
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de Almeida TG, Ricci AR, Dos Anjos LG, Soares Junior JM, Maciel GAR, Baracat EC, Carvalho KC. FOXO3a deregulation in uterine smooth muscle tumors. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2024; 79:100350. [PMID: 38636197 PMCID: PMC11031728 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate FOXO3a deregulation in Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumors (USMT) and its potential association with cancer development and prognosis. METHODS The authors analyzed gene and protein expression profiles of FOXO3a in 56 uterine Leiomyosarcomas (LMS), 119 leiomyomas (comprising conventional and unusual leiomyomas), and 20 Myometrium (MM) samples. The authors used techniques such as Immunohistochemistry (IHC), FISH/CISH, and qRT-PCR for the present analyses. Additionally, the authors conducted an in-silico analysis to understand the interaction network involving FOXO3a and its correlated genes. RESULTS This investigation revealed distinct expression patterns of the FOXO3a gene and protein, including both normal and phosphorylated forms. Expression levels were notably elevated in LMS, and Unusual Leiomyomas (ULM) compared to conventional Leiomyomas (LM) and Myometrium (MM) samples. This upregulation was significantly associated with metastasis and Overall Survival (OS) in LMS patients. Intriguingly, FOXO3a deregulation did not seem to be influenced by EGF/HER-2 signaling, as there were minimal levels of EGF and VEGF expression detected, and HER-2 and EGFR were negative in the analyzed samples. In the examination of miRNAs, the authors observed upregulation of miR-96-5p and miR-155-5p, which are known negative regulators of FOXO3a, in LMS samples. Conversely, the tumor suppressor miR-let7c-5p was downregulated. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the outcomes of the present study suggest that the imbalance in FOXO3a within Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumors might arise from both protein phosphorylation and miRNA activity. FOXO3a could emerge as a promising therapeutic target for individuals with Unusual Leiomyomas and Leiomyosarcomas (ULM and LMS), offering novel directions for treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Gomes de Almeida
- Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM 58), Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Cancer, Mooca, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Ginecologia Oncológica, Hospital Santa Marcelina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Anamaria Ritti Ricci
- Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM 58), Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Laura Gonzalez Dos Anjos
- Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM 58), Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose Maria Soares Junior
- Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM 58), Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Arantes Rosa Maciel
- Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM 58), Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Edmund Chada Baracat
- Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM 58), Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Katia Candido Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM 58), Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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van Schaik JE, van der Vegt B, Slagter-Menkema L, Hanemaaijer SH, Halmos GB, Witjes MJH, van der Laan BFAM, Fehrmann RSN, Oosting SF, Plaat BEC. Potential imaging targets in primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and lymph node metastases. Am J Otolaryngol 2024; 45:104298. [PMID: 38640809 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2024.104298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as potential fluorescent imaging markers by comparing their protein expression to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-eight paired samples of untreated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) primary tumours (PT) and corresponding synchronous lymph node metastases (LNM) were selected. After immunohistochemical staining, expression was assessed and compared by the percentage of positive tumour cells. Data were analysed using the Mann-Whitney test, effect sizes (ESr) and Spearman's correlation coefficient (r). RESULTS GPNMB expression was observed in 100 % of PT, and median 80 % (range 5-100 %) of tumour cells, VEGF in 92 % and 60 % (0-100 %), EGFR in 87 % and 60 % (0-100 %) respectively. In corresponding LNM, GPNMB expression was observed in 100 % of LNM and median 90 % (20-100 %) of tumour cells, VEGF in 87 % and 65 % (0-100 %), and EGFR in 84 % and 35 % (0-100 %). A positive correlation was found between expression in PT and LNM for GPNMB (r = 0.548) and EGFR (r = 0.618) (p < 0.001), but not for VEGF (r = -0.020; p = 0.905). GPNMB expression was present in a higher percentage of tumour cells compared to EGFR in PT (p = 0.015, ESr = -0.320) and in LNM (p < 0.001, ESr = -0.478), while VEGF was not (p = 1.00, ESr = -0.109 and - 0.152, respectively). CONCLUSION GPNMB expression is higher than EGFR in untreated HNSCC PT and corresponding LNM, while VEGF expression is comparable to EGFR. GPNMB is a promising target for fluorescent imaging in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen E van Schaik
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Bert van der Vegt
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Lorian Slagter-Menkema
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Saskia H Hanemaaijer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Gyorgi B Halmos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Max J H Witjes
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Bernard F A M van der Laan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Rudolf S N Fehrmann
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Sjoukje F Oosting
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Boudewijn E C Plaat
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Netherlands.
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Samir H, Elfadadny A, Radwan F, El-Sherbiny HR, Swelum AA, Khalil WA, Watanabe G. Spatial local expressions of kisspeptin in the uterus and uterine tubes and its relationship to the reproductive potential in goats. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2024; 88:106850. [PMID: 38640803 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Kisspeptins are neuropeptides encoded by the Kiss1 gene that was discovered as a metastasis suppressor gene in melanoma and breast cancer. Kisspeptin has pivotal functions for gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion and plays integrated roles in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. However, little is known about the peripheral expression of kisspeptin in ruminants, especially in the female reproductive tract. Here, the objectives of the current study were to investigate the spatial localization of kisspeptin and mRNA expression of Kiss1 and its receptor (Kiss1r) in the fallopian tubes (FT) and uterus of goats at varied reproductive activity (cyclic versus true anoestrous goats, n=6, each). Specimens of the uterus and FT were collected and fixed using paraformaldehyde to investigate the localizations of kisspeptin in the selected tissues by immunohistochemistry. Another set of samples was snape-frozen to identify the expressions of mRNAs encoding Kiss1 and Kiss1r using real-time PCR. Results revealed immunolocalizations of kisspeptin in the uterus and the FT. The staining of kisspeptin was found mainly in the mucosal epithelium of the uterus the FT, and the endometrial glands. Very intense staining of kisspeptin was found in the uterine and FT specimens in the true anoestrous goats compared to that in cyclic ones. The expression of mRNA encoding Kiss1 gene was significantly higher in the uterine specimen of cyclic goats (1.00±0.09) compared to that in the true anoestrous goats (0.62±0.08) (P ˂0.05), while the expression of mRNA encoding Kiss1r was significantly (P ˂0.001) higher in the uterine tissues of true anoestrous goats (1.78±0.17) compared to that in cyclic ones (1.00±0.11). In conclusion, immunohistochemical localization of kisspeptin and the expression of mRNA encoding Kiss1/Kiss1r revealed spatial changes in the uterus and FT of goats according to the reproductive potential of goats (cyclic versus true anoestrous goats). However, the definitive local role of kisspeptin in the uterus and FT need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haney Samir
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt; Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-Cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Ahmed Elfadadny
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, El-Beheira 22511, Egypt
| | - Faten Radwan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-Cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Veterinarian graduated from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya 13736, Egypt
| | - Hossam R El-Sherbiny
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael A Khalil
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Gen Watanabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-Cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Zhang LF, Zhang Y, Shui RH, Lu HF, Jiang WH, Cai X, Li XQ, Yu BH. MNDA expression and its value in differential diagnosis of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas: a comprehensive analysis of a large series of 1293 cases. Diagn Pathol 2024; 19:60. [PMID: 38627702 PMCID: PMC11020995 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-024-01481-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS MNDA (myeloid nuclear differentiation antigen) has been considered as a potential diagnostic marker for marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), but its utility in distinguishing MZL from other B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHLs) and its clinicopathologic relevance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are ambiguous. We comprehensively investigated MNDA expression in a large series of B-NHLs and evaluated its diagnostic value. METHODS MNDA expression in a cohort of 1293 cases of B-NHLs and 338 cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) was determined using immunohistochemistry and compared among different types of B-NHL. The clinicopathologic relevance of MNDA in DLBCL was investigated. RESULTS MNDA was highly expressed in MZLs (437/663, 65.9%), compared with the confined staining in marginal zone B-cells in RLH; whereas neoplastic cells with plasmacytic differentiation lost MNDA expression. MNDA expression was significantly higher in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL, 79.6%, p = 0.006), whereas lower in chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL, 44.8%, p = 0.001) and lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL, 25%, p = 0.016), and dramatically lower in follicular lymphoma (FL, 5.2%, p < 0.001), compared with MZL. 29.6% (63/213) of DLBCLs were positive for MNDA. The cases in non-GCB group exhibited a higher rate of MNDA positivity (39.8%) compared to those in GCB group (16.3%) (p < 0.001), and MNDA staining was more frequently observed in DLBCLs with BCL2/MYC double-expression (50%) than those without BCL2/MYC double-expression (24.8%) (p = 0.001). Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between MNDA and CD5 expression in DLBCL (p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS MNDA was highly expressed in MZL with a potential utility in differential diagnosis between MZL and RLH as well as FL, whereas its value in distinguishing MZL from MCL, CLL/SLL is limited. In addition, MNDA expression in DLBCL was more frequently seen in the non-GCB group and the BCL2/MYC double-expression group, and demonstrated a correlation with CD5, which deserves further investigation. The clinical relevance of MNDA and its correlation with the prognosis of these lymphomas also warrant to be fully elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Fen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Dong-an Road 270, Xuhui District, Shanghai, CN, 200032, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Dong-an Road 270, Xuhui District, Shanghai, CN, 200032, China
- Shanghai Medical College, Department of Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai, CN, 200032, China
| | - Rou-Hong Shui
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Dong-an Road 270, Xuhui District, Shanghai, CN, 200032, China
- Shanghai Medical College, Department of Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai, CN, 200032, China
| | - Hong-Fen Lu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Dong-an Road 270, Xuhui District, Shanghai, CN, 200032, China
- Shanghai Medical College, Department of Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai, CN, 200032, China
| | - Wen-Hua Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Dong-an Road 270, Xuhui District, Shanghai, CN, 200032, China
| | - Xu Cai
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Dong-an Road 270, Xuhui District, Shanghai, CN, 200032, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Li
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Dong-an Road 270, Xuhui District, Shanghai, CN, 200032, China
- Shanghai Medical College, Department of Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai, CN, 200032, China
| | - Bao-Hua Yu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Dong-an Road 270, Xuhui District, Shanghai, CN, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Medical College, Department of Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai, CN, 200032, China.
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Maguire B, Duggan WP, Prehn JHM, Burke JP. Meta-analysis of SATB2 immunohistochemical expression in colorectal cancer versus primary ovarian mucinous neoplasms. Ann Diagn Pathol 2024; 71:152302. [PMID: 38642469 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reliably distinguishing primary ovarian mucinous neoplasms (POMNs) from metastatic colorectal cancers (CRCs) is both challenging to the histopathologist and of great clinical importance. Special AT-rich sequence binding protein-2 (SATB2) has emerged as a useful diagnostic immunohistochemical marker of colorectal cancer. This meta-analysis compares SATB2 expression in POMNs and CRC. METHODS A systematic literature search for relevant studies was conducted. Meta-analysis of SATB2 positivity was undertaken using a random effects model. RESULTS Seven studies including 711 CRCs and 528 POMNs were included. SATB2 positivity was seen in 81 % (95 % CI: 72-88 %) of CRCs and 4 % (95 % CI: 1-11 %) of POMNs. Variation was seen in immunohistochemical methods used for SATB2 detection and threshold for positivity. CONCLUSION SATB2 staining remains high in CRC and low in POMNs, supporting its use in differentiating these two pathologies with vastly differing prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry Maguire
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland; Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - William P Duggan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland; Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - John P Burke
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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Chen H, Zhou Q, Pu X, Wang N, Wang S, Feng Z, Wang B, Zhu Z, Qiu Y, Sun X. Association between vertebral endplate defects and patient-reported symptoms: an immunohistochemical study investigating the COX-2/PGE-2/EP-4 axis. Spine J 2024:S1529-9430(24)00163-3. [PMID: 38631491 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Vertebral endplate defects are often implicated in degenerative disc disorders, yet their connection to patient-reported symptoms remains unclear. COX-2 and PGE-2 are known for their roles in inflammation and pain, with EP-4 receptor involvement in pain signaling. Examining their expression in vertebral endplate tissues may provide insights into pathomechanism of low back pain. PURPOSE To investigate the association between endplate defects and patient-reported symptoms and to further clarify the role of the COX-2/PGE-2/EP-4 axis in the pathogenesis of chronic low back pain. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING Retrospective study. PATIENT SAMPLE A total of 71 patients who had undergone single-level L4/5 or L5/S1 modified laminectomy decompression preserving proximal upper laminae and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion surgery were included in this study, including 18 patients diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation, 19 with lumbar disc herniation accompanied by degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis, and 34 with degenerative spondylolisthesis. OUTCOME MEASURES Demographic data, Pfirrmann grade, Modic changes, endplate defect score, visual analog scale (VAS) for back and leg pain, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) before surgery, 3-month and 6-month follow-up, and the percentage of immune-positive cells (COX-2, PGE-2, and EP-4) in endplate tissue sections. METHODS Patients were divided into defect and non-defect groups according to endplate morphology on lumbar MR. All intraoperative endplate specimens were immediately fixed in 10% formaldehyde, and then embedded in paraffin 3 days later for tissue sections. The outcome measures were compared between the defect group and non-defect group. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests and χ² tests. Pearson's rank correlation test was used to assess correlations between patient-reported symptoms and the percentage of immune-positive cells in the groups. Multivariable logistic regression models using the forward stepwise likelihood ratio method were used to identify the factors that were independently associated with endplate defects. RESULTS The age of Defect group was significantly higher than that of non-defect group (52.5±7.7 vs. 57.2±9.1. p=.024). There were no significant differences in gender, diagnosis, BMI, comorbidities, or surgical level between the two groups. Modic changes (Type Ⅱ/Type Ⅲ) were more common in patients of Defect group than non-defect group (38.5% vs. 11.1%, p<.001), and so was disc degeneration (Pfirrmann grade Ⅳ/Ⅴ) (69.2% vs. 33.3%, p<.001). Defect group had significantly higher VAS-Back (6.5±2.0 vs. 4.9±1.6, p<.001) and ODI scores (62.9±10.7 vs. 45.2±14.8, p<.001) than non-defect group, while there was no significant differences between the two groups during the 3 and 6-month follow-up after surgery. Histologically, Defect group was characterized by upregulation of COX-2, PGE-2, and EP-4 in endplate tissue sections. Both in defect and non-defect groups, VAS-Back showed moderate positive correlations with the expressions of COX-2 (r=0.643; r=0.558, p both<0.001), PGE-2 (r=0.611; r=0.640, p both<.001), and EP-4 (r=0.643; r=0.563, p both<.001). Multivariate regression analyses reveled that percentage of COX-2-positive cells was associated with endplate defects (OR=1.509, 95%CI [1.048-2.171], p=0.027), as well as percentage of PGE-2-positive (OR=1.291, 95%CI [1.106-1.508], p=.001) and EP-4-positive cells (OR=1.284, 95%CI [1.048∼2.171], p=.003). CONCLUSIONS Patients with endplate defects had worse quality of life, more severe disc degeneration and Modic changes, and up-regulated COX-2/PGE-2/EP-4 axis expression in cartilage endplates in patients with defected endplates. Inflammatory factors may significantly contribute to the onset and progression of chronic low back pain in patients with endplate defects, consequently impacting patient-reported symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Chen
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingshuang Zhou
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojiang Pu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nannan Wang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Sinian Wang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenhua Feng
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zezhang Zhu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Qiu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Sun
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Vaughn M, Powell S, Risbrough V, Zhou X. A Novel Simple ImmunoAssay for Quantification of Blood Anti-NMDAR1 Autoantibodies. bioRxiv 2024:2024.04.11.589086. [PMID: 38659751 PMCID: PMC11042199 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.11.589086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
High titers of anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies in human brain cause anti-NMDAR1 encephalitis, a rare disease that displays a variety of psychiatric symptoms and neurological symptoms. Currently, immunohistochemical staining and cell-based assays are the standard methods for detection and semi-quantification of the anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies. Low titers of blood circulating anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies have been reported in a significant subset of the general human population. However, detection and quantification of these low titers of blood circulating anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies are problematic because of high non-specific background from less diluted serum/plasma. Development of a new method to quantify these low titers of blood anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies is necessary to understand their potential impacts on psychiatric symptoms and cognition. Based on our previous One-Step assay, we report the development of a novel simple immunoassay to quantify cross-species blood anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies, and its validation with immunohistochemistry and cell-based assays in both humans and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melonie Vaughn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA 92093, United States of America
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA 92093, United States of America
| | - Susan Powell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA 92093, United States of America
- VA Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
- VA Mental Illness Research and Clinical Core, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Victoria Risbrough
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA 92093, United States of America
- VA Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
- VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Xianjin Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA 92093, United States of America
- VA Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
- VA Mental Illness Research and Clinical Core, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
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Ono M, Ito T, Yamaki S, Hori Y, Zhou Q, Zhao X, Muramoto S, Yamamoto R, Furuyama T, Sakata-Haga H, Hatta T, Hamaguchi T, Kato N. Spatiotemporal development of the neuronal accumulation of amyloid precursor protein and the amyloid plaque formation in the brain of 3xTg-AD mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28821. [PMID: 38596059 PMCID: PMC11002285 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The amyloid plaque is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The accumulation of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the neuronal structure is assumed to lead to amyloid plaque formation through the excessive production of β-amyloid protein. To study the relationship between the neuronal accumulation of APP and amyloid plaque formation, we histologically analyzed their development in the different brain regions in 3xTg-AD mice, which express Swedish mutated APP (APPSWE) in the neurons. Observation throughout the brain revealed APPSWE-positive somata in the broad regions. Quantitative model analysis showed that the somatic accumulation of APPSWE developed firstly in the hippocampus from a very early age (<1 month) and proceeded slower in the isocortex. In line with this, the hippocampus was the first region to form amyloid plaques at the age of 9-12 months, while amyloid plaques were rarely observed in the isocortex. Females had more APPSWE-positive somata and plaques than males. Furthermore, amyloid plaques were observed in the lateral septum and pontine grey, which did not contain APPSWE-positive somata but only the APPSWE-positive fibers. These results suggested that neuronal accumulation of APPSWE, both in somatodendritic and axonal domains, is closely related to the formation of amyloid plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munenori Ono
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Tetsufumi Ito
- Systems Function and Morphology, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Sachiko Yamaki
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yoshie Hori
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Xirun Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Shinji Muramoto
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamamoto
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Takafumi Furuyama
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sakata-Haga
- Department of Anatomy, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Hatta
- Department of Anatomy, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamaguchi
- Department of Neurology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kato
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
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McGrath BM, Norman ST, Gaspardis CA, Rose JL, Scott CJ. Characterizing the relationship between gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), kisspeptin, and RFamide related peptide 3 (RFRP-3) neurons in the equine hypothalamus across the estrous cycle and in the anovulatory seasons. Theriogenology 2024; 219:157-166. [PMID: 38432143 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
To understand better the role that kisspeptin plays in regulating seasonal and estrous cycle changes in the mare, this study investigated the number, location and interactions between GnRH, kisspeptin and RFRP-3 neurons in the equine hypothalamus. Hypothalami were collected from mares during the non-breeding season, vernal transition and various stages of the breeding season. Fluorescent immunohistochemistry was used to label the neuropeptides of interest. GnRH cells were observed primarily in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), while very few labeled cells were identified in the pre-optic area (POA). Kisspeptin cells were identified primarily in the ARC, with a small number of cells observed dorsal to the ARC, surrounding the third ventricle (3V). The mean number of kisspeptin cells varied between animals and typically showed no pattern associated with season or stage of estrous cycle, but a seasonal difference was identified in the ARC population. Small numbers of RFRP-3 cells were observed in the ARC, ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) and dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH). The mean number of RFRP-3 cells appeared higher in pre-ovulatory animals compared to all other stages. The percentage of GnRH cell bodies with kisspeptin appositions did not change with season or stage of estrous cycle. The percentage of kisspeptin cells receiving inputs from RFRP-3 fibers did not vary with season or stage of estrous cycle. These interactions suggest the possibility of the presence of an ultra-short loop feedback system between these three peptides. The changes in RFRP-3 neurons suggest the possibility of a role in the regulation of reproduction in the horse, but it is unlikely to be as a gonadotropin inhibitory factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M McGrath
- School of Dentistry & Medical Sciences, Locked bag 588, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia.
| | - S T Norman
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Locked bag 588, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia.
| | - C A Gaspardis
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Locked bag 588, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia.
| | - J L Rose
- School of Dentistry & Medical Sciences, Locked bag 588, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia.
| | - C J Scott
- School of Dentistry & Medical Sciences, Locked bag 588, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia.
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Muñoz-Islas E, Santiago-SanMartin ED, Mendoza-Sánchez E, Torres-Rodríguez HF, Ramírez-Quintanilla LY, Peters CM, Jiménez-Andrade JM. Long-term effects of gestational diabetes mellitus on the pancreas of female mouse offspring. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:758-768. [PMID: 38680692 PMCID: PMC11045410 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i4.758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged fetal exposure to hyperglycemia may increase the risk of developing abnormal glucose metabolism and type-2 diabetes during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood; however, the mechanisms by which gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) predisposes offspring to metabolic disorders remain unknown. AIM To quantify the nerve axons, macrophages, and vasculature in the pancreas from adult offspring born from mouse dams with GDM. METHODS GDM was induced by i.p. administration of streptozotocin (STZ) in ICR mouse dams. At 12 wk old, fasting blood glucose levels were determined in offspring. At 15 wk old, female offspring born from dams with and without GDM were sacrificed and pancreata were processed for immunohistochemistry. We quantified the density of sensory [calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)] and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) axons, blood vessels (endomucin), and macro-phages (CD68) in the splenic pancreas using confocal microscopy. RESULTS Offspring mice born from STZ-treated dams had similar body weight and blood glucose values compared to offspring born from vehicle-treated dams. However, the density of CGRP+ and TH+ axons, endomucin+ blood vessels, and CD68+ macrophages in the exocrine pancreas was significantly greater in offspring from mothers with GDM vs control offspring. Likewise, the microvasculature in the islets was significantly greater, but not the number of macrophages within the islets of offspring born from dams with GDM compared to control mice. CONCLUSION GDM induces neuronal, vascular, and inflammatory changes in the pancreas of adult progeny, which may partially explain the higher propensity for offspring of mothers with GDM to develop metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enriqueta Muñoz-Islas
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Reynosa 88740, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Edgar David Santiago-SanMartin
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Reynosa 88740, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Mendoza-Sánchez
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Reynosa 88740, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Héctor Fabián Torres-Rodríguez
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Reynosa 88740, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | | | - Christopher Michael Peters
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27101, United States
| | - Juan Miguel Jiménez-Andrade
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Reynosa 88740, Tamaulipas, Mexico
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Kuramoto H, Yabe M, Morishita R, Yoshimura R, Sakamoto H. Localization of sensory nerve terminals containing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on striated muscle fibers in the rat esophagus: Evidence for triple innervation via motor endplates. Auton Neurosci 2024; 253:103177. [PMID: 38636284 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many esophageal striated muscles of mammals are dually innervated by the vagal and enteric nerves. Recently, substance P (SP)-sensory nerve terminals with calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were found on a few striated muscle fibers in the rat esophagus, implying that these muscle fibers are triply innervated. In this study, we examined the localization and origin of CGRP-nerve endings in striated muscles to consider their possible roles in the esophagus regarding triple innervation. METHODS Wholemounts of the rat esophagus were immunolabeled to detect CGRP-nerve endings in striated muscles. Also, retrograde tracing was performed by injecting Fast Blue (FB) into the esophagus, and cryostat sections of the medulla oblongata, nodose ganglion (NG), and the tenth thoracic (T10) dorsal root ganglion (DRG) were immunostained to identify the origin of the CGRP-nerve endings. RESULTS CGRP-fine, varicose nerve endings were localized in motor endplates on a few esophageal striated muscle fibers (4 %), most of which received nitric oxide (NO) synthase nerve terminals, and most of the CGRP nerve endings were SP- and transient receptor potential vanilloid member 1 (TRPV1)-positive. Retrograde tracing showed many FB-labeled CGRP-neurons positive for SP and TRPV1 in the NG and T10 DGR. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the CGRP-varicose nerve endings containing SP and TRPV1 in motor endplates are sensory, and a few esophageal striated muscle fibers are triply innervated. The nerve endings may detect acetylcholine-derived acetic acid from the vagal motor nerve endings and NO from esophageal intrinsic nerve terminals in the motor endplates to regulate esophageal motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Kuramoto
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Mana Yabe
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Ryo Morishita
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Yoshimura
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakamoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, Yamanashi 401-0380, Japan
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Vital AGB, de Carvalho MCM, Maia CR, Galvão HC, de Souza LB, de Andrade Santos PP. Relationship between tumor thickness and GATA3 immunoexpression in lip and tongue squamous cell carcinomas. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024:10.1007/s10006-024-01251-0. [PMID: 38600414 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-024-01251-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lower lip squamous cell carcinomas (LLSCCs) exhibit lower levels of aggressiveness, low relations with metastases and better prognosis when compared with intraoral squamous cell carcinomas. Differently from the oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas (OTSCCs) have a high tendency towards local invasion and lymph nodal dissemination. Our aim was to evaluate tumor thickness in cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma and correlate it with histological grade of malignancy and GATA3 immunoreactivity. METHODS Sixty specimens (30 LLSCCs and 30 OTSCCs) were scanned and digitized for the subsequent measurement of tumor thickness, histopathological examination, and quantitative analysis of GATA3 in the parenchyma and stroma of the tumors. RESULTS Tumor thickness was lower in LLSCC compared to OTSCCs. Immunohistochemical analysis of GATA3 in parenchyma, stroma and both compartments showed higher immunoreactivity in LLSCCs compared to OTSCCs. We observed a negative correlation between tumor thickness and GATA3 expression in parenchyma, stroma, and both compartments. Our results revealed the presence of GATA3 in all cases both in the parenchyma and in the stroma. Higher expression was more related to LLSCCs, which are known to be less aggressive tumors than OTSCCs. CONCLUSIONS A greater tumor thickness was found in OTSCCs, which was correlated with lower expression of GATA3, suggesting that this protein is involved in the inhibition of proliferative, migratory, and invasive capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caio Rodrigues Maia
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Hébel Cavalcanti Galvão
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences Center at Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Lélia Batista de Souza
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences Center at Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Pedro Paulo de Andrade Santos
- Department of Morphology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, Centro de Biociências, Natal, RN, Brazil.
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Fotouh A, Shosha EAEM, Zanaty AM, Darwesh MM. Immunopathological investigation and genetic evolution of Avian leukosis virus Subgroup-J associated with myelocytomatosis in broiler flocks in Egypt. Virol J 2024; 21:83. [PMID: 38600532 PMCID: PMC11005230 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-024-02329-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Avian leukosis virus Subgroup-J (ALV-J) is a rapidly oncogenic evolving retrovirus infecting a variety of avian species; causing severe economic losses to the local poultry industry. METHODS To investigate ALV-J, a total of 117 blood samples and 57 tissue specimens of different organs were collected for virological, and pathological identification, serological examinations, molecular characterization, and sequencing analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detailed report recorded in broiler flocks in Egypt. The present study targets the prevalence of a viral tumor disease circulating in broiler flocks in the El-Sharqia, El-Dakahliya, and Al-Qalyubiyya Egyptian governorates from 2021 to 2023 using different diagnostic techniques besides ALV-J gp85 genetic diversity determination. RESULT We first isolated ALV-J on chicken embryo rough cell culture; showing aggregation, rounding, and degeneration. Concerning egg inoculation, embryonic death, stunting, and curling were observed. Only 79 serum samples were positive for ALV-J (67.52%) based on the ELISA test. Histopathological investigation showed tumors consist of uniform masses, usually well-differentiated myelocytes, lymphoid cells, or both in the liver, spleen, and kidneys. Immunohistochemical examination showed that the myelocytomatosis-positive signals were in the spleen, liver, and kidney. The PCR assay of ALV-J gp85 confirmed 545 base pairs with only 43 positive samples (75.4%). Two positive samples were sequenced and submitted to the Genbank with accession numbers (OR509852-OR509853). Phylogenetic analysis based on the gp85 gene showed that the ALV-J Dakahlia-2 isolate is genetically related to ALV-EGY/YA 2021.3, ALV-EGY/YA 2021.4, ALV-EGY/YA 2021.14, and ALV-EGY/YA 2021.9 with amino acid identity percentage 96%, 97%; 96%, 96%; respectively. Furthermore, ALV-J Sharqia-1 isolate is highly genetically correlated to ALV-EGY/YA 2021.14, and ALV-EGY/YA 2021.9, ALV-J isolate QL1, ALV-J isolate QL4, ALV-J isolate QL3, ALV-EGY/YA 2021.4 with amino acid identity percentage 97%, 97%; 98%, 97%, 97%, 95%; respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed that ALV-J infection had still been prevalent in broilers in Egypt, and the genetic characteristics of the isolates are diverse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Fotouh
- Pathology and Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, Kharga, Egypt
| | | | - Ali Mahmood Zanaty
- Gene Analysis Unit, Reference Laboratory for Quality Control on Poultry, Animal Health Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa Mostafa Darwesh
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Qaluiobiya, Egypt
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Chi Z, Xu J, Karamchandani DM, Peng L. INSM1 is a useful neuroendocrine marker to differentiate pancreatic serous cystadenoma from pancreatic well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors in cytology and surgical specimens. Ann Diagn Pathol 2024; 71:152304. [PMID: 38614035 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Differentiating pancreatic serous cystadenoma (SCA) from well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (WDNETs) based on histomorphology is critical yet challenging, particularly in small biopsy samples. Our study aimed to examine the expression profile of INSM1 in cytologic and surgical resection specimens from pancreatic SCA to evaluate its potential as a discriminative marker against pancreatic WDNET. METHODS We characterized INSM1 immunohistochemistry in 34 patients with pancreatic SCA, comprising 23 surgical resections and 11 cytology specimens. As a control, we used 28 cytology specimens from pancreatic WDNET. Clinical information was retrieved through a review of electronic medical records. RESULTS All 11 pancreatic SCA cytology specimens and 15 of 23 pancreatic SCA surgical resections exhibited absent INSM1 immunostaining. Each of the remaining eight surgical resection specimens demonstrated 1 % immunoreactivity. In contrast, 27 out of 28 (96 %) pancreatic WDNET cytology specimens were positive for INSM1 immunostaining, with a median immunoreactivity of 90 % and a range of 30-90 %. Overall, INSM1 immunostains perform similarly to chromogranin and synaptophysin in pancreatic SCA. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that INSM1 immunohistochemistry staining may serve as a useful neuroendocrine marker to differentiate pancreatic SCA from pancreatic WDNET in clinical practice. To our knowledge, this represents the first large-scale study to evaluate INSM1 immunostaining in surgical and cytology specimens from pancreatic SCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikai Chi
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Dipti M Karamchandani
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lan Peng
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Islam SM, Willora FP, Sørensen M, Rbbani G, Siddik MAB, Zatti K, Gupta S, Carr I, Santigosa E, Brinchmann MF, Thompson KD, Vatsos IN. Mucosal barrier status in Atlantic salmon fed rapeseed oil and Schizochytrium oil partly or fully replacing fish oil through winter depression. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024; 149:109549. [PMID: 38599365 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The study was designed to investigate the effects of replacing fish oil by algal oil and rapeseed oil on histomorphology indices of the intestine, skin and gill, mucosal barrier status and immune-related genes of mucin and antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). For these purposes, Atlantic salmon smolts were fed three different diets. The first was a control diet containing fish oil but no Schizochytrium oil. In the second diet, almost 50 % of the fish oil was replaced with algal oil, and in the third diet, fish oil was replaced entirely with algal oil. The algal oil contained mostly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and some eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). The study lasted for 49 days in freshwater (FW), after which some fish from each diet group were transferred to seawater (SW) for a 48-h challenge test at 33 ppt to test their ability to tolerate high salinity. Samples of skin, gills, and mid intestine [both distal (DI) and anterior (AI) portions of the mid intestine] were collected after the feeding trial in FW and after the SW-challenge test to assess the effects of the diets on the structure and immune functions of the mucosal surfaces. The results showed that the 50 % VMO (Veramaris® algal oil) dietary group had improved intestinal, skin, and gill structures. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the histomorphological parameters demonstrated a significant effect of the algal oil on the intestine, skin, and gills. In particular, the mucosal barrier function of the intestine, skin, and gills was enhanced in the VMO 50 % dietary group after the SW challenge, as evidenced by increased mucous cell density. Immunolabelling of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in the intestine (both DI and AI) revealed downregulation of the protein expression in the 50 % VMO group and a corresponding upregulation in the 100 % VMO group compared to 0 % VMO. The reactivity of HSP70 in the epithelial cells was higher after the SW challenge compared to the FW phase. Immune-related genes related to mucosal defense, such as mucin genes [muc2, muc5ac1 (DI), muc5ac1 (AI), muc5ac2, muc5b (skin), and muc5ac1 (gills)], and antimicrobial peptide genes [def3 (DI), def3 (AI), and cath1 (skin)] were significantly upregulated in the 50 % VMO group. PCA of gene expression demonstrated the positive influences on gene regulation in the 50 % VMO dietary group. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the positive effect of substituting 50 % of fish oil with algal oil in the diets of Atlantic salmon. The findings of histomorphometry, mucosal mapping, immunohistochemistry, and immune-related genes connected to mucosal responses all support this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sm Majharul Islam
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8026, Bodø, Norway
| | | | - Mette Sørensen
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8026, Bodø, Norway
| | - Golam Rbbani
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8026, Bodø, Norway
| | - Muhammad A B Siddik
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Kyla Zatti
- Biomar, Havnegata 9, 7010, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Ian Carr
- Veramaris, Alexander Fleminglaan 1, 2613 AX Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Ester Santigosa
- DSM Nutritional Products, Wurmisweg 576, 4303, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | | | - Kim D Thompson
- Aquaculture Research Group, Moredun Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ioannis N Vatsos
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8026, Bodø, Norway.
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