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Schelch K, Eder S, Zitta B, Phimmachanh M, Johnson TG, Emminger D, Wenninger‐Weinzierl A, Sturtzel C, Poplimont H, Ries A, Hoetzenecker K, Hoda MA, Berger W, Distel M, Dome B, Reid G, Grusch M. YB-1 regulates mesothelioma cell migration via snail but not EGFR, MMP1, EPHA5 or PARK2. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:815-831. [PMID: 36550787 PMCID: PMC10994239 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is characterized by rapid growth, local invasion, and limited therapeutic options. The multifunctional oncoprotein Y-box-binding protein-1 (YB-1) is frequently overexpressed in cancer and its inhibition reduces aggressive behavior in multiple tumor types. Here, we investigated the effects of YB-1 on target gene regulation and PM cell behavior. Whereas siRNA-mediated YB-1 knockdown reduced cell motility, YB-1 overexpression resulted in scattering, increased migration, and intravasation in vitro. Furthermore, YB-1 stimulated PM cell spreading in zebrafish. Combined knockdown and inducible overexpression of YB-1 allowed bidirectional control and rescue of cell migration, the pattern of which was closely followed by the mRNA and protein levels of EGFR and the protein level of snail, whereas the mRNA levels of MMP1, EPHA5, and PARK2 showed partial regulation by YB-1. Finally, we identified snail as a critical regulator of YB-1-mediated cell motility in PM. This study provides insights into the mechanism underlying the aggressive nature of PM and highlights the important role of YB-1 in this cancer. In this context, we found that YB-1 closely regulates EGFR and snail, and, moreover, that YB-1-induced cell migration depends on snail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Schelch
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaAustria
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryMedical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Sebastian Eder
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Benjamin Zitta
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Monica Phimmachanh
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaAustria
- University of Technology SydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Thomas G. Johnson
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaAustria
- The University of SydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Dominik Emminger
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaAustria
| | | | - Caterina Sturtzel
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Innovative Cancer ModelsViennaAustria
| | - Hugo Poplimont
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Innovative Cancer ModelsViennaAustria
| | - Alexander Ries
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaAustria
| | | | - Mir A. Hoda
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryMedical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Walter Berger
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Martin Distel
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Innovative Cancer ModelsViennaAustria
| | - Balazs Dome
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryMedical University of ViennaAustria
- National Koranyi Institute of PulmonologyBudapestHungary
- Department of Thoracic SurgerySemmelweis University and National Institute of OncologyBudapestHungary
| | - Glen Reid
- Department of PathologyDunedin School of MedicineNew Zealand
- The Maurice Wilkins CentreUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Michael Grusch
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaAustria
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2
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Solta A, Ernhofer B, Boettiger K, Megyesfalvi Z, Heeke S, Hoda MA, Lang C, Aigner C, Hirsch FR, Schelch K, Döme B. Small cells - big issues: biological implications and preclinical advancements in small cell lung cancer. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:41. [PMID: 38395864 PMCID: PMC10893629 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01953-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Current treatment guidelines refer to small cell lung cancer (SCLC), one of the deadliest human malignancies, as a homogeneous disease. Accordingly, SCLC therapy comprises chemoradiation with or without immunotherapy. Meanwhile, recent studies have made significant advances in subclassifying SCLC based on the elevated expression of the transcription factors ASCL1, NEUROD1, and POU2F3, as well as on certain inflammatory characteristics. The role of the transcription regulator YAP1 in defining a unique SCLC subset remains to be established. Although preclinical analyses have described numerous subtype-specific characteristics and vulnerabilities, the so far non-existing clinical subtype distinction may be a contributor to negative clinical trial outcomes. This comprehensive review aims to provide a framework for the development of novel personalized therapeutic approaches by compiling the most recent discoveries achieved by preclinical SCLC research. We highlight the challenges faced due to limited access to patient material as well as the advances accomplished by implementing state-of-the-art models and methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Solta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Büsra Ernhofer
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristiina Boettiger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Simon Heeke
- Department of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Lang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Aigner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fred R Hirsch
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Mount Sinai Health System, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Balazs Döme
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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3
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Lang C, Megyesfalvi Z, Lantos A, Oberndorfer F, Hoda MA, Solta A, Ferencz B, Fillinger J, Solyom-Tisza A, Querner AS, Egger F, Boettiger K, Klikovits T, Timelthaler G, Renyi-Vamos F, Aigner C, Hoetzenecker K, Laszlo V, Schelch K, Dome B. C-Myc protein expression indicates unfavorable clinical outcome in surgically resected small cell lung cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2024; 22:57. [PMID: 38369463 PMCID: PMC10875875 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-024-03315-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND By being highly involved in the tumor evolution and disease progression of small cell lung cancer (SCLC), Myc family members (C-Myc, L-Myc, and N-Myc) might represent promising targetable molecules. Our aim was to investigate the expression pattern and prognostic relevance of these oncogenic proteins in an international cohort of surgically resected SCLC tumors. METHODS Clinicopathological data and surgically resected tissue specimens from 104 SCLC patients were collected from two collaborating European institutes. Tissue sections were stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for all three Myc family members and the recently introduced SCLC molecular subtype-markers (ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3, and YAP1). RESULTS IHC analysis showed C-Myc, L-Myc, and N-Myc positivity in 48%, 63%, and 9% of the specimens, respectively. N-Myc positivity significantly correlated with the POU2F3-defined molecular subtype (r = 0.6913, p = 0.0056). SCLC patients with C-Myc positive tumors exhibited significantly worse overall survival (OS) (20 vs. 44 months compared to those with C-Myc negative tumors, p = 0.0176). Ultimately, in a multivariate risk model adjusted for clinicopathological and treatment confounders, positive C-Myc expression was confirmed as an independent prognosticator of impaired OS (HR 1.811, CI 95% 1.054-3.113, p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS Our study provides insights into the clinical aspects of Myc family members in surgically resected SCLC tumors. Notably, besides showing that positivity of Myc family members varies across the patients, we also reveal that C-Myc protein expression independently correlates with worse survival outcomes. Further studies are warranted to investigate the role of Myc family members as potential prognostic and predictive markers in this hard-to-treat disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria.
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology-Semmelweis University, Ráth György u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary.
| | - Andras Lantos
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Anna Solta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Bence Ferencz
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology-Semmelweis University, Ráth György u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
| | - Janos Fillinger
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Alessandro Saeed Querner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Felix Egger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Kristiina Boettiger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Thomas Klikovits
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerald Timelthaler
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ferenc Renyi-Vamos
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology-Semmelweis University, Ráth György u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
- National Institute of Oncology and National Tumor Biology Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Clemens Aigner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Viktoria Laszlo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology-Semmelweis University, Ráth György u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
| | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Balazs Dome
- Department of Thoracic Surgery; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria.
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology-Semmelweis University, Ráth György u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary.
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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4
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Solta A, Boettiger K, Kovács I, Lang C, Megyesfalvi Z, Ferk F, Mišík M, Hoetzenecker K, Aigner C, Kowol CR, Knasmueller S, Grusch M, Szeitz B, Rezeli M, Dome B, Schelch K. Entinostat Enhances the Efficacy of Chemotherapy in Small Cell Lung Cancer Through S-phase Arrest and Decreased Base Excision Repair. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:4644-4659. [PMID: 37725585 PMCID: PMC10644001 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-1795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acquired chemoresistance is a frequent event in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), one of the deadliest human malignancies. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have been shown to synergize with different chemotherapeutic agents including cisplatin. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate the dual targeting of HDAC inhibition and chemotherapy in SCLC. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The efficacy of HDACi and chemotherapy in SCLC was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Synergistic drug interactions were calculated based on the HSA model (Combenefit software). Results from the proteomic analysis were confirmed via ICP-MS, cell-cycle analysis, and comet assays. RESULTS Single entinostat- or chemotherapy significantly reduced cell viability in human neuroendocrine SCLC cells. The combination of entinostat with either cisplatin, carboplatin, irinotecan, epirubicin, or etoposide led to strong synergy in a subset of resistant SCLC cells. Combination treatment with entinostat and cisplatin significantly decreased tumor growth in vivo. Proteomic analysis comparing the groups of SCLC cell lines with synergistic and additive response patterns indicated alterations in cell-cycle regulation and DNA damage repair. Cell-cycle analysis revealed that cells exhibiting synergistic drug responses displayed a shift from G1 to S-phase compared with cells showing additive features upon dual treatment. Comet assays demonstrated more DNA damage and decreased base excision repair in SCLC cells more responsive to combination therapy. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we decipher the molecular processes behind synergistic interactions between chemotherapy and HDAC inhibition. Moreover, we report novel mechanisms to overcome drug resistance in SCLC, which may be relevant to increasing therapeutic success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Solta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristiina Boettiger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ildikó Kovács
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christian Lang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Franziska Ferk
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Miroslav Mišík
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Aigner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R. Kowol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Michael Grusch
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Beáta Szeitz
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Melinda Rezeli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Balazs Dome
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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5
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Tisza A, Klikovits T, Benej M, Torok S, Szeitz B, Valko Z, Hoda MA, Hegedus B, Bonta M, Nischkauer W, Hoetzenecker K, Limbeck A, Schelch K, Laszlo V, Megyesfalvi Z, Dome B. Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry analysis reveals differences in chemotherapeutic drug distribution in surgically resected pleural mesothelioma. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2023; 89:3364-3374. [PMID: 37272312 PMCID: PMC10952999 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a highly aggressive thoracic tumour with poor prognosis. Although reduced tissue drug accumulation is one of the key features of platinum (Pt) resistance, little is known about Pt distribution in human PM. METHODS We assessed Pt levels of blood samples and surgically resected specimens from 25 PM patients who had received neoadjuvant Pt-based chemotherapy (CHT). Pt levels and tissue distributions were measured by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and correlated with clinicopathological features. RESULTS In surgically resected PM specimens, mean Pt levels of nontumourous (fibrotic) areas were significantly higher (vs tumourous regions, P = 0.0031). No major heterogeneity of Pt distribution was seen within the tumourous areas. Pt levels correlated neither with the microvessel area nor with apoptosis rate in the tumourous or nontumourous regions. A significant positive correlation was found between serum and both full tissue section and tumourous area mean Pt levels (r = 0.532, P = 0.006, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.161-0.771 and r = 0.415, P = 0.039, 95% CI 0.011-0.702, respectively). Furthermore, a significant negative correlation was detected between serum Pt concentrations and elapsed time from the last cycle of CHT (r = -0.474, P = 0.017, 95% CI -0.738--0.084). Serum Pt levels correlated negatively with overall survival (OS) (P = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS There are major differences in drug distribution between tumourous and nontumourous areas of PM specimens. Serum Pt levels significantly correlate with full section and tumourous area average Pt levels, elapsed time from the last CHT cycle, and OS. Further studies investigating clinicopathological factors that modulate tissue Pt concentration and distribution are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tisza
- Department of Tumor BiologyNational Korányi Institute of PulmonologyBudapestHungary
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer ResearchSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Thomas Klikovits
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Karl‐Landsteiner‐Institute for Clinical and Translational Thoracic Surgery Research, Clinic FloridsdorfViennaAustria
| | - Michal Benej
- Karl‐Landsteiner‐Institute for Clinical and Translational Thoracic Surgery Research, Clinic FloridsdorfViennaAustria
| | - Szilvia Torok
- Department of Tumor BiologyNational Korányi Institute of PulmonologyBudapestHungary
| | - Beata Szeitz
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and OncologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Valko
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Balazs Hegedus
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medicine Essen – RuhrlandklinikUniversity Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
- Department of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance MedicineSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Maximilian Bonta
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Division of Instrumental Analytical ChemistryTU WienViennaAustria
| | - Winfried Nischkauer
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Division of Instrumental Analytical ChemistryTU WienViennaAustria
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Andreas Limbeck
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Division of Instrumental Analytical ChemistryTU WienViennaAustria
| | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Viktoria Laszlo
- Department of Tumor BiologyNational Korányi Institute of PulmonologyBudapestHungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- Department of Tumor BiologyNational Korányi Institute of PulmonologyBudapestHungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Institute of Oncology‐Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Balazs Dome
- Department of Tumor BiologyNational Korányi Institute of PulmonologyBudapestHungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Institute of Oncology‐Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- Department of Translational MedicineLund UniversityLundSweden
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6
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Megyesfalvi Z, Gay CM, Popper H, Pirker R, Ostoros G, Heeke S, Lang C, Hoetzenecker K, Schwendenwein A, Boettiger K, Bunn PA, Renyi-Vamos F, Schelch K, Prosch H, Byers LA, Hirsch FR, Dome B. Clinical insights into small cell lung cancer: Tumor heterogeneity, diagnosis, therapy, and future directions. CA Cancer J Clin 2023; 73:620-652. [PMID: 37329269 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by rapid growth and high metastatic capacity. It has strong epidemiologic and biologic links to tobacco carcinogens. Although the majority of SCLCs exhibit neuroendocrine features, an important subset of tumors lacks these properties. Genomic profiling of SCLC reveals genetic instability, almost universal inactivation of the tumor suppressor genes TP53 and RB1, and a high mutation burden. Because of early metastasis, only a small fraction of patients are amenable to curative-intent lung resection, and these individuals require adjuvant platinum-etoposide chemotherapy. Therefore, the vast majority of patients are currently being treated with chemoradiation with or without immunotherapy. In patients with disease confined to the chest, standard therapy includes thoracic radiotherapy and concurrent platinum-etoposide chemotherapy. Patients with metastatic (extensive-stage) disease are treated with a combination of platinum-etoposide chemotherapy plus immunotherapy with an anti-programmed death-ligand 1 monoclonal antibody. Although SCLC is initially very responsive to platinum-based chemotherapy, these responses are transient because of the development of drug resistance. In recent years, the authors have witnessed an accelerating pace of biologic insights into the disease, leading to the redefinition of the SCLC classification scheme. This emerging knowledge of SCLC molecular subtypes has the potential to define unique therapeutic vulnerabilities. Synthesizing these new discoveries with the current knowledge of SCLC biology and clinical management may lead to unprecedented advances in SCLC patient care. Here, the authors present an overview of multimodal clinical approaches in SCLC, with a special focus on illuminating how recent advancements in SCLC research could accelerate clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Carl M Gay
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Helmut Popper
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Robert Pirker
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gyula Ostoros
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Simon Heeke
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christian Lang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Schwendenwein
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristiina Boettiger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul A Bunn
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ferenc Renyi-Vamos
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Prosch
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lauren A Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fred R Hirsch
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Center for Thoracic Oncology, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Balazs Dome
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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7
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Schelch K, Emminger D, Zitta B, Johnson TG, Kopatz V, Eder S, Ries A, Stefanelli A, Heffeter P, Hoda MA, Hoetzenecker K, Dome B, Berger W, Reid G, Grusch M. Targeting YB-1 via entinostat enhances cisplatin sensitivity of pleural mesothelioma in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Lett 2023; 574:216395. [PMID: 37730104 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is characterized by poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Y-box-binding protein 1 (YB-1) was shown to drive growth and migration of PM cells. Here, we evaluated the effect of genetic and pharmacological targeting of YB-1 on PM growth and response to cisplatin and radiation treatment. YB-1 knockdown via siRNA resulted in reduced PM cell growth, which significantly correlated with wt BAP1 and mutant NF2 and P53 status. Entinostat inhibited YB-1 deacetylation and its efficacy correlated with YB-1 knockdown-induced growth inhibition in 20 PM cell lines. Tumor growth inhibition by siRNA as well as entinostat was confirmed in mouse xenotransplant models. Furthermore, both YBX1-targeting siRNA and entinostat enhanced sensitivity to cisplatin and radiation. In particular, entinostat showed strong synergistic interactions with cisplatin which was linked to significantly increased cellular platinum uptake in all investigated cell models. Importantly, in a mouse model, the combination of cisplatin and entinostat also resulted in stronger growth inhibition than each treatment alone. Our study highlights YB-1 as an attractive target in PM and demonstrates that targeting YB-1 via entinostat is a promising approach to enhance cisplatin and radiation sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Schelch
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Asbestos and Dust Diseases Research Institute, Gate 3 Hospital Rd, Concord, 2139, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dominik Emminger
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin Zitta
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas G Johnson
- Asbestos and Dust Diseases Research Institute, Gate 3 Hospital Rd, Concord, 2139, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2006, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Verena Kopatz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Applied and Translational Radiobiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Eder
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Ries
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessia Stefanelli
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mir A Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Balazs Dome
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Korányi Frigyes u. 1, 1122 Budapest, Hungary; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Rath Gyorgy u. 7-9, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Walter Berger
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Glen Reid
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine and the Maurice Wilkins Centre, 56 Hanover Street, Central Dunedin, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Michael Grusch
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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8
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Megyesfalvi Z, Heeke S, Drapkin BJ, Solta A, Kovacs I, Boettiger K, Horvath L, Ernhofer B, Fillinger J, Renyi-Vamos F, Aigner C, Schelch K, Lang C, Marko-Varga G, Gay CM, Byers LA, Morris BB, Heymach JV, Van Loo P, Hirsch FR, Dome B. Unfolding the secrets of small cell lung cancer progression: Novel approaches and insights through rapid autopsies. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:1535-1540. [PMID: 37699331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) biology has increased dramatically in recent years, but the processes that allow SCLC to progress rapidly remain poorly understood. Here, we advocate the integration of rapid autopsies and preclinical models into SCLC research as a comprehensive strategy with the potential to revolutionize current treatment paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Simon Heeke
- Department of Thoracic / Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin J Drapkin
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Anna Solta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ildiko Kovacs
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kristiina Boettiger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lilla Horvath
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Busra Ernhofer
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Janos Fillinger
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Renyi-Vamos
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Clemens Aigner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Lang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Carl M Gay
- Department of Thoracic / Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lauren A Byers
- Department of Thoracic / Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin B Morris
- Department of Thoracic / Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic / Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter Van Loo
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fred R Hirsch
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Center for Thoracic Oncology, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Balazs Dome
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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9
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Ries A, Slany A, Pirker C, Mader JC, Mejri D, Mohr T, Schelch K, Flehberger D, Maach N, Hashim M, Hoda MA, Dome B, Krupitza G, Berger W, Gerner C, Holzmann K, Grusch M. Primary and hTERT-Transduced Mesothelioma-Associated Fibroblasts but Not Primary or hTERT-Transduced Mesothelial Cells Stimulate Growth of Human Mesothelioma Cells. Cells 2023; 12:2006. [PMID: 37566084 PMCID: PMC10417280 DOI: 10.3390/cells12152006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is an aggressive malignancy that develops in a unique tumor microenvironment (TME). However, cell models for studying the TME in PM are still limited. Here, we have generated and characterized novel human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT)-transduced mesothelial cell and mesothelioma-associated fibroblast (Meso-CAF) models and investigated their impact on PM cell growth. Pleural mesothelial cells and Meso-CAFs were isolated from tissue of pneumothorax and PM patients, respectively. Stable expression of hTERT was induced by retroviral transduction. Primary and hTERT-transduced cells were compared with respect to doubling times, hTERT expression and activity levels, telomere lengths, proteomes, and the impact of conditioned media (CM) on PM cell growth. All transduced derivatives exhibited elevated hTERT expression and activity, and increased mean telomere lengths. Cell morphology remained unchanged, and the proteomes were similar to the corresponding primary cells. Of note, the CM of primary and hTERT-transduced Meso-CAFs stimulated PM cell growth to the same extent, while CM derived from mesothelial cells had no stimulating effect, irrespective of hTERT expression. In conclusion, all new hTERT-transduced cell models closely resemble their primary counterparts and, hence, represent valuable tools to investigate cellular interactions within the TME of PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ries
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.R.); (C.P.); (D.M.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (M.H.); (W.B.); (K.H.)
| | - Astrid Slany
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (J.C.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Christine Pirker
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.R.); (C.P.); (D.M.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (M.H.); (W.B.); (K.H.)
| | - Johanna C. Mader
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (J.C.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Doris Mejri
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.R.); (C.P.); (D.M.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (M.H.); (W.B.); (K.H.)
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.R.); (C.P.); (D.M.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (M.H.); (W.B.); (K.H.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (J.C.M.); (C.G.)
- Joint Metabolome Facility, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- ScienceConsult—DI Thomas Mohr KG, Enzianweg 10a, 2353 Guntramsdorf, Austria
| | - Karin Schelch
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.R.); (C.P.); (D.M.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (M.H.); (W.B.); (K.H.)
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.A.H.); (B.D.)
| | - Daniela Flehberger
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.R.); (C.P.); (D.M.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (M.H.); (W.B.); (K.H.)
| | - Nadine Maach
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.R.); (C.P.); (D.M.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (M.H.); (W.B.); (K.H.)
| | - Muhammad Hashim
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.R.); (C.P.); (D.M.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (M.H.); (W.B.); (K.H.)
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.A.H.); (B.D.)
| | - Balazs Dome
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.A.H.); (B.D.)
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Korányi Frigyes u. 1, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Rath Gyorgy u. 7-9, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Sölvegatan 19, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Georg Krupitza
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Walter Berger
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.R.); (C.P.); (D.M.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (M.H.); (W.B.); (K.H.)
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.S.); (J.C.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Klaus Holzmann
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.R.); (C.P.); (D.M.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (M.H.); (W.B.); (K.H.)
| | - Michael Grusch
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.R.); (C.P.); (D.M.); (T.M.); (K.S.); (D.F.); (N.M.); (M.H.); (W.B.); (K.H.)
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10
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Mosleh B, Schelch K, Mohr T, Klikovits T, Wagner C, Ratzinger L, Dong Y, Sinn K, Ries A, Berger W, Grasl‐Kraupp B, Hoetzenecker K, Laszlo V, Dome B, Hegedus B, Jakopovic M, Hoda MA, Grusch M. Circulating FGF18 is decreased in pleural mesothelioma but not correlated with disease prognosis. Thorac Cancer 2023; 14:2177-2186. [PMID: 37340889 PMCID: PMC10396789 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a relatively rare malignancy with limited treatment options and dismal prognosis. We have previously found elevated FGF18 expression in PM tissue specimens compared with normal mesothelium. The objective of the current study was to further explore the role of FGF18 in PM and evaluate its suitability as a circulating biomarker. METHODS FGF18 mRNA expression was analyzed by real-time PCR in cell lines and in silico in datasets from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Cell lines overexpressing FGF18 were generated by retroviral transduction and cell behavior was investigated by clonogenic growth and transwell assays. Plasma was collected from 40 PM patients, six patients with pleural fibrosis, and 40 healthy controls. Circulating FGF18 was measured by ELISA and correlated to clinicopathological parameters. RESULTS FGF18 showed high mRNA expression in PM and PM-derived cell lines. PM patients with high FGF18 mRNA expression showed a trend toward longer overall survival (OS) in the TCGA dataset. In PM cells with low endogenous FGF18 expression, forced overexpression of FGF18 resulted in reduced growth but increased migration. Surprisingly, despite the high FGF18 mRNA levels observed in PM, circulating FGF18 protein was significantly lower in PM patients and patients with pleural fibrosis than in healthy controls. No significant association of circulating FGF18 with OS or other disease parameters of PM patients was observed. CONCLUSIONS FGF18 is not a prognostic biomarker in PM. Its role in PM tumor biology and the clinical significance of decreased plasma FGF18 in PM patients warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Mosleh
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Klikovits
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Christina Wagner
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Lukas Ratzinger
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Yawen Dong
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Katharina Sinn
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Alexander Ries
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Walter Berger
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | | | - Viktoria Laszlo
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Balazs Dome
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- National Koranyi Institute of PulmonologyBudapestHungary
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Institute of Oncology‐Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Balazs Hegedus
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Marko Jakopovic
- Department for Respiratory Diseases JordanovacUniversity of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Michael Grusch
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
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11
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Ferencz B, Megyesfalvi Z, Csende K, Fillinger J, Poór V, Lantos A, Pipek O, Sólyom-Tisza A, Rényi-Vámos F, Schelch K, Lang C, Schwendenwein A, Boettiger K, László V, Hoetzenecker K, Döme B, Berta J. Comparative expression analysis of immune-related markers in surgically resected lung neuroendocrine neoplasms. Lung Cancer 2023; 181:107263. [PMID: 37270937 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2023.107263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although immunotherapy has led to a paradigm shift in the treatment of lung cancer, the therapeutic approaches for lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (LNENs) are still limited. Our aim was to explore the immunological landscape and the expression of immune checkpoint markers in LNENs. METHODS Surgically removed tumor samples of 26 atypical carcinoid (AC), 30 large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and 29 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients were included. The immune phenotype of each tumor type was assessed by using a panel of 15 immune-related markers. As these markers are potentially expressed by immune cells and/or tumor cells, they might serve as putative targets for immunotherapy. Expression patterns were measured by immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis. RESULTS Unsupervised hierarchical clustering revealed distinct immunologic profiles across tumor types. Specifically, AC tumors were characterized by high tumor cell CD40 expression and low levels of immune infiltrates whereas SCLC samples had a high CD47 and Inducible T Cell Costimulator (ICOS) expression in tumor cells and immune cells, respectively. High CD70 and CD137 expression by tumor cells as well as elevated expression of CD27, Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3 (LAG3), and CD40 by immune cells were characteristic for LCNEC samples. Overall, SCLC and LCNEC tumors had a more immunogenic phenotype than AC samples. High tumor cell CD47 and CD40 expressions were associated with impaired and improved survival outcomes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS By providing insights into the widely divergent immunologic profiles of LNENs, our results might serve as a basis for the development of novel immunotherapy-related approaches in these devastating malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Ferencz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Kristóf Csende
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Fillinger
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Valentin Poór
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Lantos
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Pipek
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Ferenc Rényi-Vámos
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Lang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Schwendenwein
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristiina Boettiger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktória László
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Balázs Döme
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Judit Berta
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
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12
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Valko Z, Megyesfalvi Z, Schwendenwein A, Lang C, Paku S, Barany N, Ferencz B, Horvath-Rozsas A, Kovacs I, Schlegl E, Pozonec V, Boettiger K, Rezeli M, Marko-Varga G, Renyi-Vamos F, Hoda MA, Klikovits T, Hoetzenecker K, Grusch M, Laszlo V, Dome B, Schelch K. Dual targeting of BCL-2 and MCL-1 in the presence of BAX breaks venetoclax resistance in human small cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1850-1861. [PMID: 36918717 PMCID: PMC10147697 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02219-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No targeted drugs are currently available against small cell lung cancer (SCLC). BCL-2 family members are involved in apoptosis regulation and represent therapeutic targets in many malignancies. METHODS Expression of BCL-2 family members in 27 SCLC cell lines representing all known four SCLC molecular subtypes was assessed by qPCR, Western blot and mass spectrometry-based proteomics. BCL-2 and MCL-1 inhibition (venetoclax and S63845, respectively) was assessed by MTT assay and flow cytometry and in mice bearing human SCLC tumours. Drug interactions were calculated using the Combenefit software. Ectopic BAX overexpression was achieved by expression plasmids. RESULTS The highest BCL-2 expression levels were detected in ASCL1- and POU2F3-driven SCLC cells. Although sensitivity to venetoclax was reflected by BCL-2 levels, not all cell lines responded consistently despite their high BCL-2 expression. MCL-1 overexpression and low BAX levels were both characteristic for venetoclax resistance in SCLC, whereas the expression of other BCL-2 family members did not affect therapeutic efficacy. Combination of venetoclax and S63845 resulted in significant, synergistic in vitro and in vivo anti-tumour activity and apoptosis induction in double-resistant cells; however, this was seen only in a subset with detectable BAX. In non-responding cells, ectopic BAX overexpression sensitised to venetoclax and S63845 and, furthermore, induced synergistic drug interaction. CONCLUSIONS The current study reveals the subtype specificity of BCL-2 expression and sheds light on the mechanism of venetoclax resistance in SCLC. Additionally, we provide preclinical evidence that combined BCL-2 and MCL-1 targeting is an effective approach to overcome venetoclax resistance in high BCL-2-expressing SCLCs with intact BAX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Valko
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Schwendenwein
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Lang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandor Paku
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nandor Barany
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Ferencz
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Ildiko Kovacs
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Veronika Pozonec
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kristiina Boettiger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melinda Rezeli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Ferenc Renyi-Vamos
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Klikovits
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Klinik Floridsdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Grusch
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktoria Laszlo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balazs Dome
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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13
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Schwendenwein A, Boettiger K, Kovacs I, Barany N, Lang C, Megyesfalvi Z, Grusch M, Berger W, Kowol C, Rezeli M, Hoetzenecker K, Döme B, Schelch K. Abstract 2230: Entinostat potentiates chemotherapeutic efficacy in small cell lung cancer cells. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-2230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents for 15% of all lung cancers. Although SCLC is initially highly sensitive to chemotherapy (CHT), almost all patients acquire resistance within the course of the disease. A promising class of compounds to overcome drug resistance comprises histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), which have been shown to synergize with several CHT agents such as cisplatin. In this study, we addressed whether entinostat exhibits anti-cancer activity as single-therapy or in combination with CHT in SCLC. The efficacy of entinostat alone or in combination with CHT was determined using MTT-based viability assays and a mouse xenograft model. Synergistic drug interactions were evaluated using the combenefit software. Analysis of our previously published proteomic dataset comprised 1D annotation enrichment, DAVID functional annotation and ToppCluster analysis. Hypothetic mechanisms were also examined using ICP-MS and FACS-based cell cycle analysis. Class I HDAC inhibition by entinostat resulted in significantly stronger effects in neuroendocrine (NE) SCLC cell lines. Subsequent proteomic analysis revealed differentially expressed proteins and pathways that coincide with NE and non-NE characteristics. Since “platinum drug resistance” appeared in the corresponding pathway analysis, cell lines were exposed to cisplatin. A significant correlation was observed between entinostat and cisplatin responsiveness (r=0.8079, p=0.0003). With combination therapy, a strong synergism was detected in a subset of SCLC cell lines and validated in a mouse model. Importantly, similar effects were also found when entinostat was combined with etoposide, epirubicin or irinotecan. To address the underlying mechanism of the observed effects, another proteomic evaluation comparing cell lines with synergistic and additive features indicated changes in cell cycle regulation and DNA damage repair. Cell cycle analysis revealed similar distributions in control, entinostat and cisplatin conditions. However, synergistic cell lines displayed a shift from G1 to S-phase compared to additive cell lines upon combination treatment. Results from ICP-MS analysis revealed that although basal platinum levels were significantly higher in the synergistic subgroup, all SCLC cell lines showed increased intracellular platinum levels in the presence of entinostat. Here, we report that high NE expression profiles in SCLC cell lines are associated with increased sensitivity to HDAC inhibition and, moreover, that combinational therapy using entinostat and CHT results in strong synergism in a subset of SCLC cell lines featuring dysregulated cell cycle and DNA damage repair, according to proteomic analyses. Especially in SCLC, efficient therapeutic options in relapsed patients are missing, and deciphering the molecular basis of synergism between chemotherapy and entinostat might lead to more effective therapy for patients.
Citation Format: Anna Schwendenwein, Kristiina Boettiger, Ildiko Kovacs, Nandor Barany, Christian Lang, Zsolt Megyesfalvi, Michael Grusch, Walter Berger, Christian Kowol, Melinda Rezeli, Konrad Hoetzenecker, Balazs Döme, Karin Schelch. Entinostat potentiates chemotherapeutic efficacy in small cell lung cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2230.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ildiko Kovacs
- 2Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nandor Barany
- 2Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- 2Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Balazs Döme
- 1Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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14
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Woldmar N, Schwendenwein A, Kuras M, Szeitz B, Boettiger K, Tisza A, László V, Reiniger L, Bagó AG, Szállási Z, Moldvay J, Szász AM, Malm J, Horvatovich P, Pizzatti L, Domont GB, Rényi-Vámos F, Hoetzenecker K, Hoda MA, Marko-Varga G, Schelch K, Megyesfalvi Z, Rezeli M, Döme B. Proteomic analysis of brain metastatic lung adenocarcinoma reveals intertumoral heterogeneity and specific alterations associated with the timing of brain metastases. ESMO Open 2023; 8:100741. [PMID: 36527824 PMCID: PMC10024110 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain metastases are associated with considerable negative effects on patients' outcome in lung adenocarcinoma (LADC). Here, we investigated the proteomic landscape of primary LADCs and their corresponding brain metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Proteomic profiling was conducted on 20 surgically resected primary and brain metastatic LADC samples via label-free shotgun proteomics. After sample processing, peptides were analyzed using an Ultimate 3000 pump coupled to a QExactive HF-X mass spectrometer. Raw data were searched using PD 2.4. Further data analyses were carried out using Perseus, RStudio and GraphPad Prism. Proteomic data were correlated with clinical and histopathological parameters and the timing of brain metastases. Mass spectrometry-based proteomic data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD027259. RESULTS Out of the 6821 proteins identified and quantified, 1496 proteins were differentially expressed between primary LADCs and corresponding brain metastases. Pathways associated with the immune system, cell-cell/matrix interactions and migration were predominantly activated in the primary tumors, whereas pathways related to metabolism, translation or vesicle formation were overrepresented in the metastatic tumors. When comparing fast- versus slow-progressing patients, we found 454 and 298 differentially expressed proteins in the primary tumors and brain metastases, respectively. Metabolic reprogramming and ribosomal activity were prominently up-regulated in the fast-progressing patients (versus slow-progressing individuals), whereas expression of cell-cell interaction- and immune system-related pathways was reduced in these patients and in those with multiple brain metastases. CONCLUSIONS This is the first comprehensive proteomic analysis of paired primary tumors and brain metastases of LADC patients. Our data suggest a malfunction of cellular attachment and an increase in ribosomal activity in LADC tissue, promoting brain metastasis. The current study provides insights into the biology of LADC brain metastases and, moreover, might contribute to the development of personalized follow-up strategies in LADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Woldmar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Proteomics of Blood/LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A Schwendenwein
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Kuras
- Section for Clinical Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - B Szeitz
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - K Boettiger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Tisza
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - V László
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - L Reiniger
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, MTA-SE NAP, Brain Metastasis Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A G Bagó
- Department of Neurooncology, National Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Z Szállási
- Department of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, MTA-SE NAP, Brain Metastasis Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Moldvay
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, MTA-SE NAP, Brain Metastasis Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A M Szász
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - J Malm
- Section for Clinical Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - P Horvatovich
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - L Pizzatti
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Proteomics of Blood/LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - G B Domont
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F Rényi-Vámos
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology-Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - K Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M A Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Marko-Varga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - K Schelch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Z Megyesfalvi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology-Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - M Rezeli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - B Döme
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Section for Clinical Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden; National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology-Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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15
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Ries A, Flehberger D, Slany A, Pirker C, Mader JC, Mohr T, Schelch K, Sinn K, Mosleh B, Hoda MA, Dome B, Dolznig H, Krupitza G, Müllauer L, Gerner C, Berger W, Grusch M. Mesothelioma-associated fibroblasts enhance proliferation and migration of pleural mesothelioma cells via c-Met/PI3K and WNT signaling but do not protect against cisplatin. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:27. [PMID: 36683050 PMCID: PMC9869633 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis. Unlike many other cancers, PM is mostly characterized by inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. Its highly malignant nature in absence of tumor driving oncogene mutations indicates an extrinsic supply of stimulating signals by cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an abundant cell type of the TME and have been shown to drive the progression of several malignancies. The aim of the current study was to isolate and characterize patient-derived mesothelioma-associated fibroblasts (Meso-CAFs), and evaluate their impact on PM cells. METHODS Meso-CAFs were isolated from surgical specimens of PM patients and analyzed by array comparative genomic hybridization, next generation sequencing, transcriptomics and proteomics. Human PM cell lines were retrovirally transduced with GFP. The impact of Meso-CAFs on tumor cell growth, migration, as well as the response to small molecule inhibitors, cisplatin and pemetrexed treatment was investigated in 2D and 3D co-culture models by videomicroscopy and automated image analysis. RESULTS Meso-CAFs show a normal diploid genotype without gene copy number aberrations typical for PM cells. They express CAF markers and lack PM marker expression. Their proteome and secretome profiles clearly differ from normal lung fibroblasts with particularly strong differences in actively secreted proteins. The presence of Meso-CAFs in co-culture resulted in significantly increased proliferation and migration of PM cells. A similar effect on PM cell growth and migration was induced by Meso-CAF-conditioned medium. Inhibition of c-Met with crizotinib, PI3K with LY-2940002 or WNT signaling with WNT-C59 significantly impaired the Meso-CAF-mediated growth stimulation of PM cells in co-culture at concentrations not affecting the PM cells alone. Meso-CAFs did not provide protection of PM cells against cisplatin but showed significant protection against the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides the first characterization of human patient-derived Meso-CAFs and demonstrates a strong impact of Meso-CAFs on PM cell growth and migration, two key characteristics of PM aggressiveness, indicating a major role of Meso-CAFs in driving PM progression. Moreover, we identify signaling pathways required for Meso-CAF-mediated growth stimulation. These data could be relevant for novel therapeutic strategies against PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ries
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Flehberger
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Slany
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Straße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johanna C Mader
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Straße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Straße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Joint Metabolome Facility, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- ScienceConsult - DI Thomas Mohr KG, Enzianweg 10a, 2353, Guntramsdorf, Austria
| | - Karin Schelch
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Katharina Sinn
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Berta Mosleh
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Balazs Dome
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Austria
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Korányi Frigyes u. 1, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Rath Gyorgy u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
| | - Helmut Dolznig
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Straße 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Krupitza
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Leonhard Müllauer
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Straße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Grusch
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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16
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Walter M, Schenkeveld WD, Tomatis M, Schelch K, Peter-Vörösmarty B, Geroldinger G, Gille L, Bruzzoniti MC, Turci F, Kraemer SM, Grusch M. The Potential Contribution of Hexavalent Chromium to the Carcinogenicity of Chrysotile Asbestos. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:2335-2347. [PMID: 36410050 PMCID: PMC9768810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chrysotile asbestos is a carcinogenic mineral that has abundantly been used in industrial and consumer applications. The carcinogenicity of the fibers is partly governed by reactive Fe surface sites that catalyze the generation of highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (HO•) from extracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Chrysotile also contains Cr, typically in the low mass permille range. In this study, we examined the leaching of Cr from fibers at the physiological lung pH of 7.4 in the presence and absence of H2O2. Furthermore, we investigated the potential of cells from typical asbestos-burdened tissues and cancers to take up Cr leached from chrysotile in PCR expression, immunoblot, and cellular Cr uptake experiments. Finally, the contribution of Cr to fiber-mediated H2O2 decomposition and HO• generation was studied. Chromium readily dissolved from chrysotile fibers in its genotoxic and carcinogenic hexavalent redox state upon oxidation by H2O2. Lung epithelial, mesothelial, lung carcinoma, and mesothelioma cells expressed membrane-bound Cr(VI) transporters and accumulated Cr up to 10-fold relative to the Cr(VI) concentration in the spiked medium. Conversely, anion transporter inhibitors decreased cellular Cr(VI) uptake up to 45-fold. Finally, chromium associated with chrysotile neither decomposed H2O2 nor contributed to fiber-mediated HO• generation. Altogether, our results support the hypothesis that Cr may leach from inhaled chrysotile in its hexavalent state and subsequently accumulate in cells of typically asbestos-burdened tissues, which could contribute to the carcinogenicity of chrysotile fibers. However, unlike Fe, Cr did not significantly contribute to the adverse radical production of chrysotile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Walter
- Department
of Environmental Geosciences, University
of Vienna, Althanstraße
14 (UZA II), 1090Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter D.C. Schenkeveld
- Department
of Environmental Geosciences, University
of Vienna, Althanstraße
14 (UZA II), 1090Vienna, Austria,
| | - Maura Tomatis
- Department
of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, L.go Paolo Braccini, 2, Grugliasco, 10095 (TO), Italy,“G.Scansetti”
Interdepartmental Center for Studies of Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, Via Pietro Giuria, 7, 10125Torino, Italy
| | - Karin Schelch
- Center
for Cancer Research, Medical University
of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Gerald Geroldinger
- Institute
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210Vienna, Austria
| | - Lars Gille
- Institute
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria C. Bruzzoniti
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria, 7, 10125Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Turci
- “G.Scansetti”
Interdepartmental Center for Studies of Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, Via Pietro Giuria, 7, 10125Torino, Italy,Department
of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria, 7, 10125Torino, Italy
| | - Stephan M. Kraemer
- Department
of Environmental Geosciences, University
of Vienna, Althanstraße
14 (UZA II), 1090Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Grusch
- Center
for Cancer Research, Medical University
of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090Vienna, Austria
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17
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Schwendenwein A, Boettiger K, Kovacs I, Barany N, Lang C, Megyesfalvi Z, Grusch M, Kowol C, Rezeli M, Hoetzenecker K, Dome B, Schelch K. EP14.02-002 Cisplatin in Combination with Entinostat exerts Synergistic Antineoplastic Activity in Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Ries A, Flehberger D, Schelch K, Pirker C, Hoda M, Berger W, Grusch M. EP07.01-014 Mesothelioma-Associated Fibroblasts Enhance Mesothelioma Aggressiveness and Modulate Drug Response. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Lang C, Lantos A, Megyesfalvi Z, Oberndorfer F, Schwendenwein A, Timelthaler G, Ferencz B, Fillinger J, Hoda M, Klikovits T, Querner A, Egger F, Boettiger K, Hoetzenecker K, Renyi-Vamos F, Schelch K, Döme B. EP14.02-003 Clinical Significance of MYC Family Members in Surgically Resected Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Study. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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20
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Szeitz B, Megyesfalvi Z, Woldmar N, Valkó Z, Schwendenwein A, Bárány N, Paku S, László V, Kiss H, Bugyik E, Lang C, Szász AM, Pizzatti L, Bogos K, Hoda MA, Hoetzenecker K, Marko-Varga G, Horvatovich P, Döme B, Schelch K, Rezeli M. In-depth proteomic analysis reveals unique subtype-specific signatures in human small-cell lung cancer. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e1060. [PMID: 36149789 PMCID: PMC9506422 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) molecular subtypes have been primarily characterized based on the expression pattern of the following key transcription regulators: ASCL1 (SCLC‐A), NEUROD1 (SCLC‐N), POU2F3 (SCLC‐P) and YAP1 (SCLC‐Y). Here, we investigated the proteomic landscape of these molecular subsets with the aim to identify novel subtype‐specific proteins of diagnostic and therapeutic relevance. Methods Pellets and cell media of 26 human SCLC cell lines were subjected to label‐free shotgun proteomics for large‐scale protein identification and quantitation, followed by in‐depth bioinformatic analyses. Proteomic data were correlated with the cell lines’ phenotypic characteristics and with public transcriptomic data of SCLC cell lines and tissues. Results Our quantitative proteomic data highlighted that four molecular subtypes are clearly distinguishable at the protein level. The cell lines exhibited diverse neuroendocrine and epithelial–mesenchymal characteristics that varied by subtype. A total of 367 proteins were identified in the cell pellet and 34 in the culture media that showed significant up‐ or downregulation in one subtype, including known druggable proteins and potential blood‐based markers. Pathway enrichment analysis and parallel investigation of transcriptomics from SCLC cell lines outlined unique signatures for each subtype, such as upregulated oxidative phosphorylation in SCLC‐A, DNA replication in SCLC‐N, neurotrophin signalling in SCLC‐P and epithelial–mesenchymal transition in SCLC‐Y. Importantly, we identified the YAP1‐driven subtype as the most distinct SCLC subgroup. Using sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis, we identified proteins that clearly distinguish four SCLC subtypes based on their expression pattern, including potential diagnostic markers for SCLC‐Y (e.g. GPX8, PKD2 and UFO). Conclusions We report for the first time, the protein expression differences among SCLC subtypes. By shedding light on potential subtype‐specific therapeutic vulnerabilities and diagnostic biomarkers, our results may contribute to a better understanding of SCLC biology and the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Szeitz
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nicole Woldmar
- Division of Clinical Protein Science, & Imaging, Department of Clinical Sciences (Lund) and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Proteomics of Blood/LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Zsuzsanna Valkó
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Schwendenwein
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nándor Bárány
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sándor Paku
- First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktória László
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helga Kiss
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Edina Bugyik
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christian Lang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Attila Marcell Szász
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Luciana Pizzatti
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Proteomics of Blood/LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Krisztina Bogos
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - György Marko-Varga
- Division of Clinical Protein Science, & Imaging, Department of Clinical Sciences (Lund) and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter Horvatovich
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Balázs Döme
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Schelch
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melinda Rezeli
- Division of Clinical Protein Science, & Imaging, Department of Clinical Sciences (Lund) and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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21
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Mosleh B, Schelch K, Klikovits T, Sinn K, Hoetzenecker K, Dome B, Jakopovic M, Hoda M, Grusch M. EP07.02-001 Evaluation of FGF18 as a Contributing Factor in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Growth and Its Role as a Potential Biomarker. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Boettiger K, Schwendenwein A, Lang C, Megyesfalvi Z, Hoetzenecker K, Rezeli M, Dome B, Schelch K. EP14.02-006 Subtype-specific Hypersensitivity to Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibition in Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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23
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Kovacs I, Bugyik E, Dezso K, Tarnoki-Zach J, Mehes E, Gulyas M, Czirok A, Lang E, Grusch M, Schelch K, Hegedus B, Horvath I, Barany N, Megyesfalvi Z, Tisza A, Lohinai Z, Hoda MA, Hoetzenecker K, Pezzella F, Paku S, Laszlo V, Dome B. Malignant pleural mesothelioma nodules remodel their surroundings to vascularize and grow. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2022; 11:991-1008. [PMID: 35832452 PMCID: PMC9271443 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-21-828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background The microanatomical steps of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) vascularization and the resistance mechanisms to anti-angiogenic drugs in MPM are unclear. Methods We investigated the vascularization of intrapleurally implanted human P31 and SPC111 MPM cells. We also assessed MPM cell's motility, invasion and interaction with endothelial cells in vitro. Results P31 cells exhibited significantly higher two-dimensional (2D) motility and three-dimensional (3D) invasion than SPC111 cells in vitro. In co-cultures of MPM and endothelial cells, P31 spheroids permitted endothelial sprouting (ES) with minimal spatial distortion, whereas SPC111 spheroids repealed endothelial sprouts. Both MPM lines induced the early onset of submesothelial microvascular plexuses covering large pleural areas including regions distant from tumor colonies. The development of these microvascular networks occurred due to both intussusceptive angiogenesis (IA) and ES and was accelerated by vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A)-overexpression. Notably, SPC111 colonies showed different behavior to P31 cells. P31 nodules incorporated tumor-induced capillary plexuses from the earliest stages of tumor formation. P31 cells deposited a collagenous matrix of human origin which provided "space" for further intratumoral angiogenesis. In contrast, SPC111 colonies pushed the capillary plexuses away and thus remained avascular for weeks. The key event in SPC111 vascularization was the development of a desmoplastic matrix of mouse origin. Continuously invaded by SPC111 cells, this matrix transformed into intratumoral connective tissue trunks, providing a route for ES from the diaphragm. Conclusions Here, we report two distinct growth patterns of orthotopically implanted human MPM xenografts. In the invasive pattern, MPM cells invade and thus co-opt peritumoral capillary plexuses. In the pushing/desmoplastic pattern, MPM cells induce a desmoplastic response within the underlying tissue which allows the ingrowth of a nutritive vasculature from the pleura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildiko Kovacs
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edina Bugyik
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Dezso
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Elod Mehes
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Biological Physics, Eotvos University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marton Gulyas
- Department of Biological Physics, Eotvos University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Czirok
- Department of Biological Physics, Eotvos University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Elisabeth Lang
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Grusch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Schelch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Balazs Hegedus
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruhrlandklinik, University Clinic Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ildiko Horvath
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nandor Barany
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology-Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Tisza
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Lohinai
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Francesco Pezzella
- Nuffield Division of Laboratory Science, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Sandor Paku
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktoria Laszlo
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Balazs Dome
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology-Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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24
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Lang C, Egger F, Alireza Hoda M, Saeed Querner A, Ferencz B, Lungu V, Szegedi R, Bogyo L, Torok K, Oberndorfer F, Klikovits T, Schwendenwein A, Boettiger K, Renyi-Vamos F, Hoetzenecker K, Schelch K, Megyesfalvi Z, Dome B. Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio is an independent prognostic factor in surgically treated small cell lung cancer: an international multicenter analysis. Lung Cancer 2022; 169:40-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2022.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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25
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Megyesfalvi Z, Barany N, Lantos A, Valko Z, Pipek O, Lang C, Schwendenwein A, Oberndorfer F, Paku S, Ferencz B, Dezso K, Fillinger J, Lohinai Z, Moldvay J, Galffy G, Szeitz B, Rezeli M, Rivard C, Hirsch FR, Brcic L, Popper H, Kern I, Kovacevic M, Skarda J, Mittak M, Marko-Varga G, Bogos K, Renyi-Vamos F, Hoda MA, Klikovits T, Hoetzenecker K, Schelch K, Laszlo V, Dome B. Expression patterns and prognostic relevance of subtype-specific transcription factors in surgically resected small cell lung cancer: an international multicenter study. J Pathol 2022; 257:674-686. [PMID: 35489038 PMCID: PMC9541929 DOI: 10.1002/path.5922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The tissue distribution and prognostic relevance of subtype‐specific proteins (ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3, YAP1) present an evolving area of research in small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC). The expression of subtype‐specific transcription factors and P53 and RB1 proteins were measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 386 surgically resected SCLC samples. Correlations between subtype‐specific proteins and in vitro efficacy of various therapeutic agents were investigated by proteomics and cell viability assays in 26 human SCLC cell lines. Besides SCLC‐A (ASCL1‐dominant), SCLC‐AN (combined ASCL1/NEUROD1), SCLC‐N (NEUROD1‐dominant), and SCLC‐P (POU2F3‐dominant), IHC and cluster analyses identified a quadruple‐negative SCLC subtype (SCLC‐QN). No unique YAP1‐subtype was found. The highest overall survival rates were associated with non‐neuroendocrine subtypes (SCLC‐P and SCLC‐QN) and the lowest with neuroendocrine subtypes (SCLC‐A, SCLC‐N, SCLC‐AN). In univariate analyses, high ASCL1 expression was associated with poor prognosis and high POU2F3 expression with good prognosis. Notably, high ASCL1 expression influenced survival outcomes independently of other variables in a multivariate model. High POU2F3 and YAP1 protein abundances correlated with sensitivity and resistance to standard‐of‐care chemotherapeutics, respectively. Specific correlation patterns were also found between the efficacy of targeted agents and subtype‐specific protein abundances. In conclusion, we investigated the clinicopathological relevance of SCLC molecular subtypes in a large cohort of surgically resected specimens. Differential IHC expression of ASCL1, NEUROD1, and POU2F3 defines SCLC subtypes. No YAP1‐subtype can be distinguished by IHC. High POU2F3 expression is associated with improved survival in a univariate analysis, whereas elevated ASCL1 expression is an independent negative prognosticator. Proteomic and cell viability assays of human SCLC cell lines revealed distinct vulnerability profiles defined by transcription regulators. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.,National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nandor Barany
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Lantos
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Valko
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Orsolya Pipek
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christian Lang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Schwendenwein
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Sandor Paku
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Ferencz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.,National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Dezso
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Janos Fillinger
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Lohinai
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Moldvay
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE NAP, Brain Metastasis Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Galffy
- Torokbalint County Institute of Pulmonology, Torokbalint, Hungary
| | - Beata Szeitz
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Melinda Rezeli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christopher Rivard
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Fred R Hirsch
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Tisch Cancer Institute, Center for Thoracic Oncology, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luka Brcic
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Helmut Popper
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Izidor Kern
- University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - Mile Kovacevic
- University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - Jozef Skarda
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Medical Faculty, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Department of Pathology, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel Mittak
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | | | - Krisztina Bogos
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Renyi-Vamos
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.,National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Klikovits
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Klinik Floridsdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktoria Laszlo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Balazs Dome
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.,National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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26
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Barany N, Rozsas A, Megyesfalvi Z, Grusch M, Hegedus B, Lang C, Boettiger K, Schwendenwein A, Tisza A, Renyi-Vamos F, Schelch K, Hoetzenecker K, Hoda MA, Paku S, Laszlo V, Dome B. Clinical relevance of circulating activin A and follistatin in small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2021; 161:128-135. [PMID: 34583221 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Circulating levels of activin A (ActA) and follistatin (FST) have been investigated in various disorders including malignancies. However, to date, their diagnostic and prognostic relevance is largely unknown in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Our aim was to evaluate circulating ActA and FST levels as potential biomarkers in this devastating disease. METHODS Seventy-nine Caucasian SCLC patients and 67 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were included in this study. Circulating ActA and FST concentrations were measured by ELISA and correlated with clinicopathological parameters and long-term outcomes. RESULTS Plasma ActA and FST concentrations were significantly elevated in SCLC patients when compared to healthy volunteers (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, extensive-stage SCLC patients had significantly higher circulating ActA levels than those with limited-stage disease (p = 0.0179). Circulating FST concentration was not associated with disease stage (p = 0.6859). Notably, patients with high (≥548.8 pg/ml) plasma ActA concentration exhibited significantly worse median overall survival (OS) compared to those with low (<548.8 pg/ml) ActA levels (p = 0.0009). Moreover, Cox regression analysis adjusted for clinicopathological parameters revealed that high ActA concentration is an independent predictor of shorter OS (HR: 1.932; p = 0.023). No significant differences in OS have been observed with regards to plasma FST levels (p = 0.1218). CONCLUSION Blood ActA levels are elevated and correlate with disease stage in SCLC patients. Measurement of circulating ActA levels might help in the estimation of prognosis in patients with SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandor Barany
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary; 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anita Rozsas
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Michael Grusch
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Balazs Hegedus
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruhrlandklinik, University Clinic Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christian Lang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristiina Boettiger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Schwendenwein
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Tisza
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary; 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Renyi-Vamos
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandor Paku
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktoria Laszlo
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Balazs Dome
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.
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27
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Schelch K, Vogel L, Schneller A, Brankovic J, Mohr T, Mayer RL, Slany A, Gerner C, Grusch M. EGF Induces Migration Independent of EMT or Invasion in A549 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:634371. [PMID: 33777943 PMCID: PMC7994520 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.634371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors and the tumor microenvironment produce multiple growth factors that influence cancer cell behavior via various signal transduction pathways. Growth factors, like transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and epidermal growth factor (EGF), have been shown to induce proliferation, migration, and invasion in different cell models. Both factors are frequently overexpressed in cancer and will often act in combination. Although both factors are being used as rational targets in clinical oncology, the similarities and differences of their contributions to cancer cell migration and invasion are not fully understood. Here we compared the impact of treating A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells with TGFβ, EGF, and both in combination by applying videomicroscopy, functional assays, immunoblotting, real-time PCR, and proteomics. Treatment with both factors stimulated A549 migration to a similar extent, but with different kinetics. The combination had an additive effect. EGF-induced migration depended on activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. However, this pathway was dispensable for TGFβ-induced migration, despite a strong activation of this pathway by TGFβ. Proteome analysis (data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD023024) revealed an overlap in expression patterns of migration-related proteins and associated gene ontology (GO) terms by TGFβ and EGF. Further, only TGFβ induced the expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins like matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2). EGF, in contrast, made no major contribution to EMT marker expression on either the protein or the transcript level. In line with these expression patterns, TGFβ treatment significantly increased the invasive capacity of A549 cells, while EGF treatment did not. Moreover, the addition of EGF failed to enhance TGFβ-induced invasion. Overall, these data suggest that TGFβ and EGF can partly compensate for each other for stimulation of cell migration, but abrogation of TGFβ signaling may be more suitable to suppress cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Schelch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Vogel
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anja Schneller
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jelena Brankovic
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rupert L Mayer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Slany
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Grusch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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28
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Grusch M, Pirker C, Hoda M, Berger W, Schelch K. MA06.04 FGF5 Expression in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Impact on Cell Growth, Cisplatin Resistance and Patient Survival. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Johnson TG, Schelch K, Lai K, Marzec KA, Kennerson M, Grusch M, Reid G, Burgess A. YB-1 Knockdown Inhibits the Proliferation of Mesothelioma Cells through Multiple Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2285. [PMID: 32823952 PMCID: PMC7464182 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) is a multifunctional oncoprotein that has been shown to regulate proliferation, invasion and metastasis in a variety of cancer types. We previously demonstrated that YB-1 is overexpressed in mesothelioma cells and its knockdown significantly reduces tumour cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. However, the mechanisms driving these effects are unclear. Here, we utilised an unbiased RNA-seq approach to characterise the changes to gene expression caused by loss of YB-1 knockdown in three mesothelioma cell lines (MSTO-211H, VMC23 and REN cells). Bioinformatic analysis showed that YB-1 knockdown regulated 150 common genes that were enriched for regulators of mitosis, integrins and extracellular matrix organisation. However, each cell line also displayed unique gene expression signatures, that were differentially enriched for cell death or cell cycle control. Interestingly, deregulation of STAT3 and p53-pathways were a key differential between each cell line. Using flow cytometry, apoptosis assays and single-cell time-lapse imaging, we confirmed that MSTO-211H, VMC23 and REN cells underwent either increased cell death, G1 arrest or aberrant mitotic division, respectively. In conclusion, this data indicates that YB-1 knockdown affects a core set of genes in mesothelioma cells. Loss of YB-1 causes a cascade of events that leads to reduced mesothelioma proliferation, dependent on the underlying functionality of the STAT3/p53-pathways and the genetic landscape of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G. Johnson
- The Asbestos Diseases Research Institute (ADRI), Concord Hospital, Concord, Sydney 2139, Australia;
- The ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney 2139, Australia; (K.L.); (K.A.M.); (M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Concord Clinical School, Sydney 2139, Australia
- Sydney Catalyst Translational Research Centre, Sydney 2050, Australia
| | - Karin Schelch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (K.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Kaitao Lai
- The ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney 2139, Australia; (K.L.); (K.A.M.); (M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Concord Clinical School, Sydney 2139, Australia
| | - Kamila A. Marzec
- The ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney 2139, Australia; (K.L.); (K.A.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Marina Kennerson
- The ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney 2139, Australia; (K.L.); (K.A.M.); (M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Concord Clinical School, Sydney 2139, Australia
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney 2139, Australia
| | - Michael Grusch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (K.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Glen Reid
- Department of Pathology, The University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
- The Maurice Wilkins Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Burgess
- The ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney 2139, Australia; (K.L.); (K.A.M.); (M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Concord Clinical School, Sydney 2139, Australia
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30
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Activin A is involved in the regulation of a surprisingly broad number of processes that are relevant for cancer development and treatment; it is implicated in cell autonomous functions and multiple regulatory functions in the tumor microenvironment. AREAS COVERED This article summarizes the current knowledge about activin A in cell growth and death, migration and metastasis, angiogenesis, stemness and drug resistance, regulation of antitumor immunity, and cancer cachexia. We explore the role of activin A as a biomarker and discuss strategies for using it as target for cancer therapy. Literature retrieved from Medline until 25 June 2020 was considered. EXPERT OPINION While many functions of activin A were investigated in preclinical models, there is currently limited experience from clinical trials. Activin A has growth- and migration-promoting effects, contributes to immune evasion and cachexia and is associated with shorter survival in several cancer types. Targeting activin A could offer the chance to simultaneously limit tumor growth and spreading, improve drug response, boost antitumor immune responses and improve cancer-associated or treatment-associated cachexia, bone loss, and anemia. Nevertheless, defining which patients have the highest likelihood of benefiting from these effects is challenging and will require further work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ries
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Schelch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna, Austria
| | - David Falch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura Pany
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna, Austria
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Grusch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna, Austria
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Johnson TG, Schelch K, Mehta S, Burgess A, Reid G. Corrigendum: Why Be One Protein When You Can Affect Many? The Multiple Roles of YB-1 in Lung Cancer and Mesothelioma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:293. [PMID: 31807495 PMCID: PMC6883175 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Johnson
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Cell Division Laboratory, The ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Catalyst Translational Cancer Research Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Karin Schelch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sunali Mehta
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Burgess
- Cell Division Laboratory, The ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glen Reid
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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32
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Johnson TG, Schelch K, Mehta S, Burgess A, Reid G. Why Be One Protein When You Can Affect Many? The Multiple Roles of YB-1 in Lung Cancer and Mesothelioma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:221. [PMID: 31632972 PMCID: PMC6781797 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancers and malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) have some of the worst 5-year survival rates of all cancer types, primarily due to a lack of effective treatment options for most patients. Targeted therapies have shown some promise in thoracic cancers, although efficacy is limited only to patients harboring specific mutations or target expression. Although a number of actionable mutations have now been identified, a large population of thoracic cancer patients have no therapeutic options outside of first-line chemotherapy. It is therefore crucial to identify alternative targets that might lead to the development of new ways of treating patients diagnosed with these diseases. The multifunctional oncoprotein Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) could serve as one such target. Recent studies also link this protein to many inherent behaviors of thoracic cancer cells such as proliferation, invasion, metastasis and involvement in cancer stem-like cells. Here, we review the regulation of YB-1 at the transcriptional, translational, post-translational and sub-cellular levels in thoracic cancer and discuss its potential use as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Johnson
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Cell Division Laboratory, The ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Catalyst Translational Cancer Research Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Karin Schelch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sunali Mehta
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Burgess
- Cell Division Laboratory, The ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glen Reid
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Vlacic G, Hoda MA, Klikovits T, Sinn K, Gschwandtner E, Mohorcic K, Schelch K, Pirker C, Peter-Vörösmarty B, Brankovic J, Dome B, Laszlo V, Cufer T, Rozman A, Klepetko W, Grasl-Kraupp B, Hegedus B, Berger W, Kern I, Grusch M. Expression of FGFR1-4 in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Tissue and Corresponding Cell Lines and its Relationship to Patient Survival and FGFR Inhibitor Sensitivity. Cells 2019; 8:E1091. [PMID: 31527449 PMCID: PMC6769772 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a devastating malignancy with limited therapeutic options. Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) and their ligands were shown to contribute to MPM aggressiveness and it was suggested that subgroups of MPM patients could benefit from FGFR-targeted inhibitors. In the current investigation, we determined the expression of all four FGFRs (FGFR1-FGFR4) by immunohistochemistry in tissue samples from 94 MPM patients. From 13 of these patients, we were able to establish stable cell lines, which were subjected to FGFR1-4 staining, transcript analysis by quantitative RT-PCR, and treatment with the FGFR inhibitor infigratinib. While FGFR1 and FGFR2 were widely expressed in MPM tissue and cell lines, FGFR3 and FGFR4 showed more restricted expression. FGFR1 and FGFR2 showed no correlation with clinicopathologic data or patient survival, but presence of FGFR3 in 42% and of FGFR4 in 7% of patients correlated with shorter overall survival. Immunostaining in cell lines was more homogenous than in the corresponding tissue samples. Neither transcript nor protein expression of FGFR1-4 correlated with response to infigratinib treatment in MPM cell lines. We conclude that FGFR3 and FGFR4, but not FGFR1 or FGFR2, have prognostic significance in MPM and that FGFR expression is not sufficient to predict FGFR inhibitor response in MPM cell lines.
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MESH Headings
- Acrylamides/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- Mesothelioma/diagnosis
- Mesothelioma/drug therapy
- Mesothelioma/pathology
- Mesothelioma, Malignant
- Middle Aged
- Phenylurea Compounds/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Quinazolines/pharmacology
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/metabolism
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2/metabolism
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3/metabolism
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 4/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 4/metabolism
- Survival Analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Vlacic
- University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, 4204 Golnik, Slovenia.
| | - Mir A Hoda
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Thomas Klikovits
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Katharina Sinn
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Elisabeth Gschwandtner
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Katja Mohorcic
- University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, 4204 Golnik, Slovenia.
| | - Karin Schelch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Christine Pirker
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Barbara Peter-Vörösmarty
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Jelena Brankovic
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Balazs Dome
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Tumor Biology, National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, 1085 Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology-Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Viktoria Laszlo
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Tumor Biology, National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, 1085 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Tanja Cufer
- University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, 4204 Golnik, Slovenia.
| | - Ales Rozman
- University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, 4204 Golnik, Slovenia.
| | - Walter Klepetko
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Bettina Grasl-Kraupp
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Balazs Hegedus
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medicine Essen-Ruhrlandklinik, 45239 Essen, Germany.
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Izidor Kern
- University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, 4204 Golnik, Slovenia.
| | - Michael Grusch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Fan X, McLaughlin C, Robinson C, Ravasini J, Schelch K, Johnson T, van Zandwijk N, Reid G, George AM. Zeolites ameliorate asbestos toxicity in a transgenic model of malignant mesothelioma. FASEB Bioadv 2019; 1:550-560. [PMID: 32123850 PMCID: PMC6996371 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2019-00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an almost invariably fatal cancer caused by asbestos exposure. The toxicity of asbestos fibers is related to their physicochemical properties and the generation of free radicals. We set up a pilot study to investigate the potential of the zeolite clinoptilolite to counteract the asbestos carcinogenesis by preventing the generation of reactive nitrogen and oxygen radicals. In cell culture experiments, clinoptilolite prevented asbestos-induced cell death, reactive oxygen species production, DNA degradation, and overexpression of genes known to be up-regulated by asbestos. In an asbestos-induced transgenic mouse model of MM, mice were injected intraperitoneal injections with blue asbestos, with or without clinoptilolite, and monitored for 30 weeks. By the end of the trial all 13 mice injected with asbestos alone had reached humane end points, whereas only 7 of 29 mice receiving crocidolite and clinoptilolite reached a similar stage of disease. Post-mortem examination revealed pinpoint mesothelioma-like tumors in affected mice, and the absence of tumor formation in surviving mice. Interestingly, the macrophage clearance system, which was largely suppressed in asbestos-treated mice, exhibited evidence of increased phagocytosis in mice treated with asbestos and clinoptilolite. Our study suggests that inhibiting the asbestos-induced generation of reactive oxygen species and stimulating the macrophage system may represent a pathway to amelioration of asbestos-induced toxicity. Additional studies are warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms responsible for our observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyong Fan
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology SydneyBroadwayNSWAustralia
| | - Chris McLaughlin
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology SydneyBroadwayNSWAustralia
| | - Cleo Robinson
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Western Australia (M503)CrawleyWAAustralia
- Molecular Anatomical Pathology, PathWest Laboratory MedicineQEII Medical CentreNedlandsWAAustralia
| | - Jason Ravasini
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology SydneyBroadwayNSWAustralia
| | - Karin Schelch
- Asbestos Diseases Research InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine IMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Johnson
- Asbestos Diseases Research InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Nico van Zandwijk
- Asbestos Diseases Research InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Glen Reid
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology SydneyBroadwayNSWAustralia
- Asbestos Diseases Research InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Present address:
Department of PathologyUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Anthony M. George
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology SydneyBroadwayNSWAustralia
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Williams M, Cheng YY, Kirschner MB, Sarun KH, Schelch K, Winata P, McCaughan B, Kao S, Van Zandwijk N, Reid G. Transcriptional suppression of the miR-15/16 family by c-Myc in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Oncotarget 2019; 10:4125-4138. [PMID: 31289611 PMCID: PMC6609241 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA downregulation is frequent in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), but the mechanisms responsible for loss of miR-15/16 and miR-193a are yet to be elucidated and were investigated in this study. Copy Number Variation (CNV) of microRNA-coding genes was analyzed in MPM cells by digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) and revealed heterozygous loss of miR-193a and miR-15a/16-1, but no change in miR-15b/16-2. Epigenetic control of microRNA expression was inferred following decitabine and Trichostatin A (TSA) treatment which did not substantially affect microRNA expression. Knockdown of c-Myc expression led to upregulation of SMC4, miR-15b and 16, and to a lesser extent DLEU2 and miR-15a, whereas c-Myc overexpression repressed microRNA expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays confirmed the interaction of c-Myc with the DLEU2 and SMC4 promoters. Tumor microRNA expression was determined in samples from MPM patients, with samples of pleura from cardiac surgery patients used as controls. In tumor samples, a strong correlation was observed between the expression of miR-15b and 16 (R2=0.793), but not miR-15a and 16. Our data suggest that in MPM, the downregulation of miR-15/16 is due to transcriptional repression by c-Myc, primarily via control of the miR-15b/16-2 locus, while miR-193a-3p loss is due to genomic deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Williams
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yuen Yee Cheng
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michaela B Kirschner
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Current address: Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kadir H Sarun
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Karin Schelch
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Current address: Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Winata
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Steven Kao
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nico Van Zandwijk
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Current address: Sydney Local Health District, Concord, Australia
| | - Glen Reid
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Current address: Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Johnson T, Schelch K, Sarun K, Williams M, Cheng Y, Lasham A, Reid G. P2.06-16 YB-1: An Important Driver of Mesothelioma Drug Resistance and a Potential Novel Therapeutic Target. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Schelch K, Johnson T, Sarun K, Burgess A, Lasham A, Reid G. P2.06-32 YB-1 - A Key Factor in Mesothelioma Aggressive Growth and Behaviour. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Schelch K, Wagner C, Hager S, Pirker C, Siess K, Lang E, Lin R, Kirschner MB, Mohr T, Brcic L, Marian B, Holzmann K, Grasl-Kraupp B, Krupitza G, Laszlo V, Klikovits T, Dome B, Hegedus B, Garay T, Reid G, van Zandwijk N, Klepetko W, Berger W, Grusch M, Hoda MA. FGF2 and EGF induce epithelial–mesenchymal transition in malignant pleural mesothelioma cells via a MAPKinase/MMP1 signal. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:534-545. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Schelch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute (ADRI), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christina Wagner
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Hager
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Siess
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Lang
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ruby Lin
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute (ADRI), Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Thomas Mohr
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luka Brcic
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Brigitte Marian
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Holzmann
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bettina Grasl-Kraupp
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Krupitza
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktoria Laszlo
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Klikovits
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna
| | - Balazs Dome
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna
- Department of Tumor Biology, National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balazs Hegedus
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna
- MTA-SE Molecular Oncology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruhrlandklinik, University Clinic Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tamas Garay
- MTA-SE Molecular Oncology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Glen Reid
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute (ADRI), Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nico van Zandwijk
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute (ADRI), Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Walter Klepetko
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Grusch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna
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Johnson TG, Schelch K, Cheng YY, Williams M, Sarun KH, Kirschner MB, Kao S, Linton A, Klebe S, McCaughan BC, Lin RCY, Pirker C, Berger W, Lasham A, van Zandwijk N, Reid G. Dysregulated Expression of the MicroRNA miR-137 and Its Target YBX1 Contribute to the Invasive Characteristics of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2018; 13:258-272. [PMID: 29113949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive malignancy linked to asbestos exposure. On a genomic level, MPM is characterized by frequent chromosomal deletions of tumor suppressors, including microRNAs. MiR-137 plays a tumor suppressor role in other cancers, so the aim of this study was to characterize it and its target Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) in MPM. METHODS Expression, methylation, and copy number status of miR-137 and its host gene MIR137HG were assessed by polymerase chain reaction. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed a direct interaction between miR-137 and Y-box binding protein 1 gene (YBX1). Cells were transfected with a miR-137 inhibitor, miR-137 mimic, and/or YBX1 small interfering RNA, and growth, colony formation, migration and invasion assays were conducted. RESULTS MiR-137 expression varied among MPM cell lines and tissue specimens, which was associated with copy number variation and promoter hypermethylation. High miR-137 expression was linked to poor patient survival. The miR-137 inhibitor did not affect target levels or growth, but interestingly, it increased miR-137 levels by means of mimic transfection suppressed growth, migration, and invasion, which was linked to direct YBX1 downregulation. YBX1 was overexpressed in MPM cell lines and inversely correlated with miR-137. RNA interference-mediated YBX1 knockdown significantly reduced cell growth, migration, and invasion. CONCLUSIONS MiR-137 can exhibit a tumor-suppressive function in MPM by targeting YBX1. YBX1 knockdown significantly reduces tumor growth, migration, and invasion of MPM cells. Therefore, YBX1 represents a potential target for novel MPM treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karin Schelch
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yuen Y Cheng
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Marissa Williams
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kadir H Sarun
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Steven Kao
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anthony Linton
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Concord Cancer Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sonja Klebe
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University; Department of Anatomical Pathology, SA Pathology at Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Brian C McCaughan
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, SA Pathology at Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia; Sydney Cardiothoracic Surgeons, RPAH Medical Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ruby C Y Lin
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christine Pirker
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Annette Lasham
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nico van Zandwijk
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Glen Reid
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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Schelch K, Kirschner MB, Williams M, Cheng YY, van Zandwijk N, Grusch M, Reid G. A link between the fibroblast growth factor axis and the miR-16 family reveals potential new treatment combinations in mesothelioma. Mol Oncol 2017; 12:58-73. [PMID: 29094504 PMCID: PMC5748487 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive malignancy with very limited therapeutic options. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signals play important roles in mesothelioma cell growth. Several FGFs and FGF receptors (FGFRs) are predicted targets of the miR‐15/16 family, which is downregulated in MPM. The aim of this study was to explore the link between the miR‐15/16 family and the FGF axis in MPM. Expression analyses via RT‐qPCR showed downregulation of the FGF axis after transfection with miR‐15/16 mimics. Direct interaction was confirmed by luciferase reporter assays. Restoration of miR‐15/16 led to dose‐dependent growth inhibition in MPM cell lines, which significantly correlated with their sensitivity to FGFR inhibition. Treatment with recombinant FGF2 prevented growth inhibition and further reduced the levels of FGF/R‐targeting microRNAs, indicating a vicious cycle between miR‐15/16 down‐ and FGF/FGFR signaling upregulation. Combined inhibition of two independent miR‐15/16 targets, the FGF axis and Bcl‐2, resulted in additive or synergistic activity. Our data indicate that post‐transcriptional repression of FGF‐mediated signals contributes to the tumor suppressor function of the microRNA‐15/16 family. Inhibiting hyperactivated FGF signals and Bcl‐2 might serve as a novel therapeutic combination strategy in MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Schelch
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela B Kirschner
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Yuen Y Cheng
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nico van Zandwijk
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Grusch
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Glen Reid
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Australia
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Johnson T, Schelch K, Sarun K, Lasham A, Van Zandwijk N, Reid G. P1.09-005 Targeting YB-1 Induces Either Drug Sensitization or Resistance via Distinct Mechanisms in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Schelch K, Johnson T, Sarun K, Lasham A, Van Zandwijk N, Reid G. P1.09-004 YB-1 Suppresses miR-137 via a Feed Forward Loop, Increasing YB-1 Levels, Migration and Invasion in Malignant Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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43
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Schelch K, Ingles-Prieto A, Reichhart E, Kainrath S, Hoda M, Berger W, Janovjak H, Grusch M. P3.03-006 Optical Control of Growth Factor Receptors to Advance Signal Transduction Research and Drug Screening. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.11.1905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Schelch K, Wagner C, Lang E, Hoda M, Janovjak H, Lin R, Berger W, Klepetko W, Van Zandwijk N, Reid G, Grusch M. P3.03-002 Inducible Changes in Cell Morphology and Gene Expression Reflecting the Histological Subtypes of Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.11.1901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Schelch K, Kirschner M, Williams M, Lin R, Cheng YY, Grusch M, Berger W, Van Zandwijk N, Reid G. OA02.01 The microRNA-15/16 Family Regulates Tumor Cell Growth via Fibroblast Growth Factor Signals in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.11.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dong Y, Zhang H, Schelch K, Klikovits T, Stockhammer P, Jakopovic M, Samarzija M, Brcic L, Reid G, Kirschner M, Kao S, Opitz I, Weder W, Frauenfelder T, Linh Nguyen-Kim TD, Klepetko W, Van Zandwijk N, Hegedus B, Berger W, Dome B, Laszlo V, Grusch M, Hoda M. OA02.03 Circulating Fibroblast Growth Factor 18 is Elevated in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Patients - A Multi-Institutional Study. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.11.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Johnson T, Schelch K, Cheng YY, Sarun K, Williams M, Lin R, Van Zandwijk N, Reid G. P3.03-007 miR-137 Acts as a Tumor Suppressor via the Down-Regulation of YB-1 in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.11.1906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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48
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Hoda MA, Pirker C, Dong Y, Schelch K, Heffeter P, Kryeziu K, van Schoonhoven S, Klikovits T, Laszlo V, Rozsas A, Ozsvar J, Klepetko W, Döme B, Grusch M, Hegedüs B, Berger W. Trabectedin Is Active against Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Cell and Xenograft Models and Synergizes with Chemotherapy and Bcl-2 Inhibition In Vitro. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:2357-2369. [PMID: 27512118 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is characterized by widespread resistance to systemic therapy. Trabectedin is an antineoplastic agent targeting both the malignant cells and the tumor microenvironment that has been approved for the treatment of advanced soft tissue sarcoma and ovarian cancer. In this preclinical study, we evaluated the antineoplastic potential of trabectedin as a single agent and in drug combination approaches in human MPM. Therefore, we utilized an extended panel of MPM cell lines (n = 6) and primary cell cultures from surgical MPM specimens (n = 13), as well as nonmalignant pleural tissue samples (n = 2). Trabectedin exerted a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect in all MPM cell cultures in vitro when growing as adherent monolayers or nonadherent spheroids with IC50 values ≤ 2.6 nmol/L. Nonmalignant mesothelial cells were significantly less responsive. The strong antimesothelioma activity was based on cell-cycle perturbation and apoptosis induction. The activity of trabectedin against MPM cells was synergistically enhanced by coadministration of cisplatin, a drug routinely used for systemic MPM treatment. Comparison of gene expression signatures indicated an inverse correlation between trabectedin response and bcl-2 expression. Accordingly, bcl-2 inhibitors (Obatoclax, ABT-199) markedly synergized with trabectedin paralleled by deregulated expression of the bcl-2 family members bcl-2, bim, bax, Mcl-1, and bcl-xL as a consequence of trabectedin exposure. In addition, trabectedin exerted significant antitumor activity against an intraperitoneal MPM xenograft model. Together, these data suggest that trabectedin exerts strong activity in MPM and synergizes with chemotherapy and experimental bcl-2 inhibitors in vitro Thus, it represents a promising new therapeutic option for MPM. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(10); 2357-69. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir A Hoda
- Applied and Experimental Oncology, Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Applied and Experimental Oncology, Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yawen Dong
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Schelch
- Applied and Experimental Oncology, Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Applied and Experimental Oncology, Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kushtrim Kryeziu
- Applied and Experimental Oncology, Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sushilla van Schoonhoven
- Applied and Experimental Oncology, Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Klikovits
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktoria Laszlo
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anita Rozsas
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria. National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Ozsvar
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Klepetko
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Balazs Döme
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria. National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary. Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Gender Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Grusch
- Applied and Experimental Oncology, Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Balazs Hegedüs
- Translational Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria. MTA-SE Molecular Oncology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Walter Berger
- Applied and Experimental Oncology, Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Blaschke M, McKinnon R, Nguyen CH, Holzner S, Zehl M, Atanasov AG, Schelch K, Krieger S, Diaz R, Frisch R, Feistel B, Jäger W, Ecker GF, Dirsch VM, Grusch M, Zupko I, Urban E, Kopp B, Krupitza G. A eudesmane-type sesquiterpene isolated from Pluchea odorata (L.) Cass. combats three hallmarks of cancer cells: Unrestricted proliferation, escape from apoptosis and early metastatic outgrowth in vitro. Mutat Res 2015; 777:79-90. [PMID: 25989051 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pluchea odorata is ethno pharmaceutically used to treat inflammation-associated disorders. The dichloromethane extract (DME) was tested in the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema assay investigating its effect on inflammation that was inhibited by 37%. Also an in vitro anti-neoplastic potential was reported. However, rather limited information about the bio-activity of purified compounds and their cellular mechanisms are available. Therefore, two of the most abundant eudesmanes in P. odorata were isolated and their anti-neoplastic and anti-intravasative activities were studied. HL-60 cells were treated with P. odorata compounds and metabolic activity, cell number reduction, cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction were correlated with relevant protein expression. Tumour cell intravasation through lymph endothelial monolayers was measured and potential causal mechanisms were analyzed by Western blotting. Compound PO-1 decreased the metabolic activity of HL-60 cells (IC50 = 8.9 μM after 72 h) and 10 μM PO-1 induced apoptosis, while PO-2 showed just weak anti-neoplastic activities at concentrations beyond 100 μM. PO-1 arrested the cell cycle in G1 and this correlated with induction of JunB expression. Independent of this mechanism 25 μM PO-1 decreased MCF-7 spheroid intravasation through the lymph endothelial barrier. Hence, PO-1 inhibits an early step of metastasis, impairs unrestricted proliferation and induces apoptosis at low micromolar concentrations. These results warrant further testing in vivo to challenge the potential of PO-1 as novel lead compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Blaschke
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Austria
| | - Ruxandra McKinnon
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Chi Huu Nguyen
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Austria; Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvio Holzner
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Austria
| | - Martin Zehl
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Austria
| | - Rene Diaz
- Institute for Ethnobiology, Playa Diana, San José/Petén, Guatemala
| | - Richard Frisch
- Institute for Ethnobiology, Playa Diana, San José/Petén, Guatemala
| | - Björn Feistel
- Finzelberg GmbH & Co. KG, Koblenzer Strasse 48-54, D-56626 Andernach, Germany
| | - Walter Jäger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard F Ecker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena M Dirsch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Grusch
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Istvan Zupko
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ernst Urban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Brigitte Kopp
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Krupitza
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Austria.
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50
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Garay T, Molnár E, Juhász É, László V, Barbai T, Dobos J, Schelch K, Pirker C, Grusch M, Berger W, Tímár J, Hegedűs B. Sensitivity of Melanoma Cells to EGFR and FGFR Activation but Not Inhibition is Influenced by Oncogenic BRAF and NRAS Mutations. Pathol Oncol Res 2015; 21:957-68. [PMID: 25749811 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-015-9916-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BRAF and NRAS are the two most frequent oncogenic driver mutations in melanoma and are pivotal components of both the EGF and FGF signaling network. Accordingly, we investigated the effect of BRAF and NRAS oncogenic mutation on the response to the stimulation and inhibition of epidermal and fibroblast growth factor receptors in melanoma cells. In the three BRAF mutant, two NRAS mutant and two double wild-type cell lines growth factor receptor expression had been verified by qRT-PCR. Cell proliferation and migration were determined by the analysis of 3-days-long time-lapse videomicroscopic recordings. Of note, a more profound response was found in motility as compared to proliferation and double wild-type cells displayed a higher sensitivity to EGF and FGF2 treatment when compared to mutant cells. Both baseline and induced activation of the growth factor signaling was assessed by immunoblot analysis of the phosphorylation of the downstream effectors Erk1/2. Low baseline and higher inducibility of the signaling pathway was characteristic in double wild-type cells. In contrast, oncogenic BRAF or NRAS mutation did not influence the response to EGF or FGF receptor inhibitors in vitro. Our findings demonstrate that the oncogenic mutations in melanoma have a profound impact on the motogenic effect of the activation of growth factor receptor signaling. Since emerging molecularly targeted therapies aim at the growth factor receptor signaling, the appropriate mutational analysis of individual melanoma cases is essential in both preclinical studies and in the clinical trials and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Garay
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 93, H-1091, Budapest, Hungary
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