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Mödl B, Awad M, Zwolanek D, Scharf I, Schwertner K, Milovanovic D, Moser D, Schmidt K, Pjevac P, Hausmann B, Krauß D, Mohr T, Svinka J, Kenner L, Casanova E, Timelthaler G, Sibilia M, Krieger S, Eferl R. Defects in microvillus crosslinking sensitize to colitis and inflammatory bowel disease. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57084. [PMID: 37691494 PMCID: PMC10561180 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells are covered by the brush border, which consists of densely packed microvilli. The Intermicrovillar Adhesion Complex (IMAC) links the microvilli and is required for proper brush border organization. Whether microvillus crosslinking is involved in the intestinal barrier function or colitis is currently unknown. We investigate the role of microvillus crosslinking in colitis in mice with deletion of the IMAC component CDHR5. Electron microscopy shows pronounced brush border defects in CDHR5-deficient mice. The defects result in severe mucosal damage after exposure to the colitis-inducing agent DSS. DSS increases the permeability of the mucus layer and brings bacteria in direct contact with the disorganized brush border of CDHR5-deficient mice. This correlates with bacterial invasion into the epithelial cell layer which precedes epithelial apoptosis and inflammation. Single-cell RNA sequencing data of patients with ulcerative colitis reveals downregulation of CDHR5 in enterocytes of diseased areas. Our results provide experimental evidence that a combination of microvillus crosslinking defects with increased permeability of the mucus layer sensitizes to inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Mödl
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Monira Awad
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Daniela Zwolanek
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Irene Scharf
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Katharina Schwertner
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Danijela Milovanovic
- Department of Experimental and Translational Pathology, Institute of Clinical PathologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Doris Moser
- Department of Cranio‐Maxillofacial and Oral SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Katy Schmidt
- Cell Imaging & Ultrastructure ResearchUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Petra Pjevac
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems ScienceUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Bela Hausmann
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Laboratory MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Dana Krauß
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
- Department of Analytical ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
- Joint Metabolome FacilityUniversity of Vienna and Medical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Jasmin Svinka
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Department of Experimental and Translational Pathology, Institute of Clinical PathologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Laboratory Animal PathologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Emilio Casanova
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of PharmacologyMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Gerald Timelthaler
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Maria Sibilia
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- Department of Experimental and Translational Pathology, Institute of Clinical PathologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Robert Eferl
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
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Moreno S, Canals J, Moro V, Franch N, Vilà A, Romano-Rodriguez A, Prades JD, Bezshlyakh DD, Waag A, Kluczyk-Korch K, Auf der Maur M, Di Carlo A, Krieger S, Geleff S, Diéguez A. Pursuing the Diffraction Limit with Nano-LED Scanning Transmission Optical Microscopy. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:3305. [PMID: 34064543 PMCID: PMC8151575 DOI: 10.3390/s21103305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent research into miniaturized illumination sources has prompted the development of alternative microscopy techniques. Although they are still being explored, emerging nano-light-emitting-diode (nano-LED) technologies show promise in approaching the optical resolution limit in a more feasible manner. This work presents the exploration of their capabilities with two different prototypes. In the first version, a resolution of less than 1 µm was shown thanks to a prototype based on an optically downscaled LED using an LED scanning transmission optical microscopy (STOM) technique. This research demonstrates how this technique can be used to improve STOM images by oversampling the acquisition. The second STOM-based microscope was fabricated with a 200 nm GaN LED. This demonstrates the possibilities for the miniaturization of on-chip-based microscopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Moreno
- Electronic and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (V.M.); (N.F.); (A.V.); (A.R.-R.); (J.D.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Joan Canals
- Electronic and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (V.M.); (N.F.); (A.V.); (A.R.-R.); (J.D.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Victor Moro
- Electronic and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (V.M.); (N.F.); (A.V.); (A.R.-R.); (J.D.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Nil Franch
- Electronic and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (V.M.); (N.F.); (A.V.); (A.R.-R.); (J.D.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Anna Vilà
- Electronic and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (V.M.); (N.F.); (A.V.); (A.R.-R.); (J.D.P.); (A.D.)
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology-IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Romano-Rodriguez
- Electronic and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (V.M.); (N.F.); (A.V.); (A.R.-R.); (J.D.P.); (A.D.)
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology-IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Daniel Prades
- Electronic and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (V.M.); (N.F.); (A.V.); (A.R.-R.); (J.D.P.); (A.D.)
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology-IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daria D. Bezshlyakh
- Institute of Semiconductor Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (D.D.B.); (A.W.)
| | - Andreas Waag
- Institute of Semiconductor Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (D.D.B.); (A.W.)
| | - Katarzyna Kluczyk-Korch
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergara”, 00133 Roma, Italy; (K.K.-K.); (M.A.d.M.); (A.D.C.)
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Matthias Auf der Maur
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergara”, 00133 Roma, Italy; (K.K.-K.); (M.A.d.M.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Aldo Di Carlo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergara”, 00133 Roma, Italy; (K.K.-K.); (M.A.d.M.); (A.D.C.)
- CNR-ISM, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1210 Wien, Austria; (S.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Silvana Geleff
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1210 Wien, Austria; (S.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Angel Diéguez
- Electronic and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (V.M.); (N.F.); (A.V.); (A.R.-R.); (J.D.P.); (A.D.)
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology-IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mahé
- Hôpital Louis Pasteur, Colmar, France
| | - E Birckel
- Hôpital Louis Pasteur, Colmar, France
| | - S Krieger
- Hôpital Louis Pasteur, Colmar, France
| | - C Merklen
- Hôpital Louis Pasteur, Colmar, France
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Bukosza EN, Kornauth C, Hummel K, Schachner H, Huttary N, Krieger S, Nöbauer K, Oszwald A, Razzazi Fazeli E, Kratochwill K, Aufricht C, Szénási G, Hamar P, Gebeshuber CA. ECM Characterization Reveals a Massive Activation of Acute Phase Response during FSGS. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062095. [PMID: 32197499 PMCID: PMC7139641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and extra-cellular matrix (ECM) are essential to maintain a functional interaction between the glomerular podocytes and the fenestrated endothelial cells in the formation of the slit diaphragm for the filtration of blood. Dysregulation of ECM homeostasis can cause Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Despite this central role, alterations in ECM composition during FSGS have not been analyzed in detail yet. Here, we characterized the ECM proteome changes in miR-193a-overexpressing mice, which suffer from FSGS due to suppression of Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1). By mass spectrometry we identified a massive activation of the acute phase response, especially the complement and fibrinogen pathways. Several protease inhibitors (ITIH1, SERPINA1, SERPINA3) were also strongly increased. Complementary analysis of RNA expression data from both miR-193a mice and human FSGS patients identified additional candidate genes also mainly involved in the acute phase response. In total, we identified more than 60 dysregulated, ECM-associated genes with potential relevance for FSGS progression. Our comprehensive analysis of a murine FSGS model and translational comparison with human data offers novel targets for FSGS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Nora Bukosza
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University Budapest, Tűzoltó u 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (E.N.B.); (G.S.); (P.H.)
- Clinical Institute for Pathology, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.K.); (H.S.); (N.H.); (S.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Christoph Kornauth
- Clinical Institute for Pathology, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.K.); (H.S.); (N.H.); (S.K.); (A.O.)
- Clinical Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Hummel
- Vetcore Facility for Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (K.H.); (K.N.); (E.R.F.)
| | - Helga Schachner
- Clinical Institute for Pathology, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.K.); (H.S.); (N.H.); (S.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Nicole Huttary
- Clinical Institute for Pathology, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.K.); (H.S.); (N.H.); (S.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- Clinical Institute for Pathology, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.K.); (H.S.); (N.H.); (S.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Katharina Nöbauer
- Vetcore Facility for Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (K.H.); (K.N.); (E.R.F.)
| | - André Oszwald
- Clinical Institute for Pathology, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.K.); (H.S.); (N.H.); (S.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Ebrahim Razzazi Fazeli
- Vetcore Facility for Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (K.H.); (K.N.); (E.R.F.)
| | - Klaus Kratochwill
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Molecular Stress Research in Peritoneal Dialysis, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Christoph Aufricht
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Gabor Szénási
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University Budapest, Tűzoltó u 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (E.N.B.); (G.S.); (P.H.)
| | - Peter Hamar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University Budapest, Tűzoltó u 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (E.N.B.); (G.S.); (P.H.)
| | - Christoph A. Gebeshuber
- Clinical Institute for Pathology, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.K.); (H.S.); (N.H.); (S.K.); (A.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-40400-51840
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5
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Kanz P, Gusterer E, Krieger S, Schweinzer V, Süss D, Drillich M, Iwersen M. Pulsoximetric monitoring of fetal arterial oxygen saturation and fetal pulse at stage II of labor to predict acidosis in newborn Holstein Friesian calves. Theriogenology 2019; 142:303-309. [PMID: 31711710 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
During stage II of parturition, the bovine fetus is at risk of oxygen deficiency caused by insufficient gas exchange between the dam and the fetus. The early detection of this critical condition, followed by assistance at calving, can help to improve the vitality of the newborn calf, or even prevent it from being born dead. By using pulse oximetry, the arterial oxygen saturation, as well as the pulse rate, can be continuously and non-invasively measured. The aim of our study was to identify critical thresholds for the parameters 'arterial oxygen saturation (FSpO2)' and 'pulse rate (PR)' that indicate a severe postnatal risk for calves to suffer from acidosis. FSpO2 and PR from 40 bovine fetuses were recorded during the last 25 min of calving with a commercially available pulse oximeter (Radius-7, Masimo Corporation, Irvine, USA). The calves were tested immediately after birth for acidosis by analyzing their blood with a portable blood gas analyzer (VetScan iStat1, Abaxis Inc., Union City, USA). Retrospectively, the pulsoximetric data were scanned for predefined patterns. The validity of these patterns to predict acidosis in newborn calves was analyzed by using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analyses. In general, PR was a stronger predictive parameter for acidosis than FSpO2, with the greatest area under the curve (AUC) for the PR criteria 'Pulse rate > 120 beats per minute (bpm) for at least 2 min', with an AUC of 0.764, in contrast to an AUC of 0.613 for the best FSpO2 criteria 'FSpO2 < 40% for at least 50% of the measurement'. Further studies should investigate whether vitality after calving can be improved and fetal death rate can be reduced when obstetric assistance is performed as soon as one of these criteria apply to the bovine fetus. For more practical implementation in the field, improvement of the device's hardware would be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kanz
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Kremesberg 12, 2563, Pottenstein, Austria
| | - E Gusterer
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Kremesberg 12, 2563, Pottenstein, Austria
| | - S Krieger
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Kremesberg 12, 2563, Pottenstein, Austria
| | - V Schweinzer
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Kremesberg 12, 2563, Pottenstein, Austria
| | - D Süss
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Kremesberg 12, 2563, Pottenstein, Austria
| | - M Drillich
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Kremesberg 12, 2563, Pottenstein, Austria
| | - M Iwersen
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Kremesberg 12, 2563, Pottenstein, Austria.
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6
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Schweinzer V, Gusterer E, Kanz P, Krieger S, Süss D, Lidauer L, Berger A, Kickinger F, Öhlschuster M, Auer W, Drillich M, Iwersen M. Evaluation of an ear-attached accelerometer for detecting estrus events in indoor housed dairy cows. Theriogenology 2019; 130:19-25. [PMID: 30856411 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Precision dairy farming technologies have tremendous potential to improve and support farmers in herd management decisions, particularly in reproductive management. Nowadays, estrus detection in cows is challenging and several supporting tools are available. In this study, a 3D-accelerometer integrated into an ear-tag (SMARTBOW, Smartbow GmbH, Weibern, Austria) was used for the detection of cows in estrus. Movement pattern based on accelerometer data were analyzed and processed by algorithms and machine learning, resulting in estrus alerts. For the evaluation of the system, reproductive performance data of 579 estrus events of multiparous cows were used to retrospectively evaluate the accuracy of estrus alerts generated by the accelerometer-based system and the overall performance of the system. Estrus events were classified as 'gold standard' events, if an estrus followed by AI resulted in pregnancy, and as 'recorded estrus' events, if two estrus events with an interval of 18-25 d were in the herd records, independent of whether estrus was followed by AI or pregnancy. In total, 316 'gold standard' events were matched with estrus alerts generated by the accelerometer-based system, resulting in a sensitivity of 97%. Furthermore, 263 'recorded estrus' events were compared with correct or incorrect estrus alerts by the system. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, accuracy, and error rate for 'recorded estrus' events were 97%, 98%, 96%, 94%, 96%, and 2%, respectively. In summary, the SMARTBOW system is suitable for an automated detection of estrus events of multiparous cows in indoor housed dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Schweinzer
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria; Smartbow GmbH, Jutogasse 3, 4675, Weibern, Austria
| | - E Gusterer
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Kanz
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Krieger
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Süss
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - L Lidauer
- Smartbow GmbH, Jutogasse 3, 4675, Weibern, Austria
| | - A Berger
- Smartbow GmbH, Jutogasse 3, 4675, Weibern, Austria
| | - F Kickinger
- Smartbow GmbH, Jutogasse 3, 4675, Weibern, Austria
| | | | - W Auer
- Smartbow GmbH, Jutogasse 3, 4675, Weibern, Austria
| | - M Drillich
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
| | - M Iwersen
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
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Breniaux M, Dutilh L, Petrel M, Gontier E, Campbell-Sills H, Deleris-Bou M, Krieger S, Teissedre PL, Jourdes M, Reguant C, Lucas P. Adaptation of two groups of Oenococcus oeni strains to red and white wines: the role of acidity and phenolic compounds. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:1117-1127. [PMID: 29904988 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Oenococcus oeni is the lactic acid bacteria species which is the most adapted to wine. Recently, two groups of strains that form two genetic lineages were described in red and white Burgundy wines. The aim of this study was to analyse the phenotypes of these strains in order to determine how they have adapted specifically to either red or white wine. METHODS AND RESULTS Four strains from each group were tested in grape must and in wines to evaluate their tolerance to pH and to phenolic compound content. White wine strains proved to be the most tolerant to low pH, both in grape must and in wine, whereas they were inhibited by the presence of grape tannins in wine. Red wine strains were more sensitive to acidity, but very resistant to phenolic compounds. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that pH and phenolic compounds drive strain selection at several stages of wine production. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Although it is well known that O. oeni is well adapted to wine, this study shows that strains of some genetic lineages within this species have evolved to adapt better than others to specific types of wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Breniaux
- Unité de recherche Œnologie, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - L Dutilh
- Unité de recherche Œnologie, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - M Petrel
- Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Imaging Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - E Gontier
- Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Imaging Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - H Campbell-Sills
- Unité de recherche Œnologie, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France.,LALLEMAND SAS, Blagnac, France
| | | | | | - P-L Teissedre
- Unité de recherche Œnologie, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - M Jourdes
- Unité de recherche Œnologie, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - C Reguant
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - P Lucas
- Unité de recherche Œnologie, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
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8
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Fristiohady A, Milovanovic D, Krieger S, Huttary N, Nguyen CH, Basilio J, Jäger W, De Martin R, Krupitza G. 12(S)-HETE induces lymph endothelial cell retraction in vitro by upregulation of SOX18. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:307-316. [PMID: 29749465 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasising breast cancer cells communicate with adjacent lymph endothelia, intravasate and disseminate through lymphatic routes, colonise lymph nodes and finally metastasize to distant organs. Thus, understanding and blocking intravasation may attenuate the metastatic cascade at an early step. As a trigger factor, which causes the retraction of lymph endothelial cells (LECs) and opens entry ports for tumour cell intravasation, MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells secrete the pro-metastatic arachidonic acid metabolite, 12S-hydroxy-5Z,8Z,10E,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid [12(S)-HETE]. In the current study, treatment of LECs with 12(S)-HETE upregulated the expression of the transcription factors SRY-related HMG-box 18 (SOX18) and prospero homeobox protein 1 (PROX1), which determine endothelial development. Thus, whether they have a role in LEC retraction was determined using a validated intravasation assay, small interfering RNA mediated knockdown of gene expression, and mRNA and protein expression analyses. Specific inhibition of SOX18 or PROX1 significantly attenuated in vitro intravasation of MDA-MB231 spheroids through the LEC barrier and 12(S)-HETE-triggered signals were transduced by the high and low affinity receptors, 12(S)-HETE receptor and leukotriene B4 receptor 2. In addition, the current findings indicate that there is crosstalk between SOX18 and nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, which was demonstrated to contribute to MDA-MB231/lymph endothelial intravasation. The present data demonstrate that the endothelial-specific and lymph endothelial-specific transcription factors SOX18 and PROX1 contribute to LEC retraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adryan Fristiohady
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Milovanovic
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Huttary
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Chi Huu Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jose Basilio
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Centre of Biomolecular Medicine and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Jäger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer De Martin
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Centre of Biomolecular Medicine and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Krupitza
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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9
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Kanz P, Krieger S, Drillich M, Iwersen M. Technical note: Evaluation of a wireless pulse oximeter for measuring arterial oxygen saturation and pulse rate in newborn Holstein Friesian calves. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:6437-6442. [PMID: 29705429 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-14266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pulse oximetry is a well-established technique in human and veterinary medicine. In farm animals, it could also be a useful tool for the detection of critical conditions relating to oxygen supply and the cardiovascular system. Among other uses, an innovative application could be the monitoring of fetuses during birth. This could help in the early identification of critical situations and support farmers and veterinarians in their decision to start obstetric or life-support interventions. Until now, however, its use in ruminant medicine was still limited to experimental applications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the Radius-7 Wearable Pulse CO-Oximeter (Masimo Corporation, Irvine, CA) for monitoring vital parameters in newborn calves. All measurements were conducted on animals in the lying down position. The sensor of the pulse oximeter was placed in the interdigital space of the calves' front legs and fixed with a homemade latex hoof cover. The pulsoximetric measurements of arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) in 40 newborn calves were compared with the corresponding results (SaO2) from a portable blood gas analyzer (VetScan iStat1, Abaxis Inc., Union City, CA), which served as the reference. For this, an arterial blood sample was taken from the medial intermediate branch of the caudal auricular artery. In addition, the pulse rate was measured in 10 calves aged between 0 and 7 d with the pulse oximeter and simultaneously with a heart rate belt (Polar Equine Belt, Polar Electro Oy, Kempele, Finland) to determine their level of agreement. Spearman correlation coefficient for oxygen saturation was 93.8% for the pulse oximeter and the blood gas analyzer, and 97.7% for the pulse rate measured with the pulse oximeter and the heart rate belt. Bland-Altman plots revealed an overestimation of SaO2 by 2.95 ± 6.39% and an underestimation of the pulse rate by -0.41 ± 3.18 beats per minute compared with the corresponding reference methods. In summary, the pulse oximeter is suitable for continuous monitoring of arterial oxygen saturation and pulse in newborn Holstein Friesian calves. For practical use, purpose-built technical equipment is required to attach the sensor to the calves' legs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kanz
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - S Krieger
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - M Drillich
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - M Iwersen
- Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
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10
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Hong J, Fristiohady A, Nguyen CH, Milovanovic D, Huttary N, Krieger S, Hong J, Geleff S, Birner P, Jäger W, Özmen A, Krenn L, Krupitza G. Apigenin and Luteolin Attenuate the Breaching of MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Spheroids Through the Lymph Endothelial Barrier in Vitro. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:220. [PMID: 29593542 PMCID: PMC5861143 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids, present in fruits, vegetables and traditional medicinal plants, show anticancer effects in experimental systems and are reportedly non-toxic. This is a favorable property for long term strategies for the attenuation of lymph node metastasis, which may effectively improve the prognostic states in breast cancer. Hence, we studied two flavonoids, apigenin and luteolin exhibiting strong bio-activity in various test systems in cancer research and are readily available on the market. This study has further advanced the mechanistic understanding of breast cancer intravasation through the lymphatic barrier. Apigenin and luteolin were tested in a three-dimensional (3-D) assay consisting of MDA-MB231 breast cancer spheroids and immortalized lymph endothelial cell (LEC) monolayers. The 3-D model faithfully resembles the intravasation of breast cancer emboli through the lymphatic vasculature. Western blot analysis, intracellular Ca2+ determination, EROD assay and siRNA transfection revealed insights into mechanisms of intravasation as well as the anti-intravasative outcome of flavonoid action. Both flavonoids suppressed pro-intravasative trigger factors in MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells, specifically MMP1 expression and CYP1A1 activity. A pro-intravasative contribution of FAK expression in LECs was established as FAK supported the retraction of the LEC monolayer upon contact with cancer cells thereby enabling them to cross the endothelial barrier. As mechanistic basis, MMP1 caused the phosphorylation (activation) of FAK at Tyr397 in LECs. Apigenin and luteolin prevented MMP1-induced FAK activation, but not constitutive FAK phosphorylation. Luteolin, unlike apigenin, inhibited MMP1-induced Ca2+ release. Free intracellular Ca2+ is a central signal amplifier triggering LEC retraction through activation of the mobility protein MLC2, thereby enhancing intravasation. FAK activity and Ca2+ levels did not correlate. This implicates that the pro-intravasative contribution of FAK and of Ca2+ release in LECs was independent of each other and explains the better anti-intravasative effects of luteolin in vitro. In specific formulations, flavonoid concentrations causing significant anti-intravasative effects, can certainly be achieved in vivo. As the therapeutic strategy has to be based on permanent flavonoid treatment both the beneficial and adverse effects have to be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Hong
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adryan Fristiohady
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, Indonesia
| | - Chi H Nguyen
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Milovanovic
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Huttary
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Junqiang Hong
- Department of Medical Oncology, The 188th Hospital of People's Liberation Army of China, Chaozhou, China
| | - Silvana Geleff
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Birner
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Jäger
- Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ali Özmen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Liselotte Krenn
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Krupitza
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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11
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Dos Santos ES, Caputo SM, Castera L, Gendrot M, Briaux A, Breault M, Krieger S, Rogan PK, Mucaki EJ, Burke LJ, Bièche I, Houdayer C, Vaur D, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Brown MA, Lallemand F, Rouleau E. Assessment of the functional impact of germline BRCA1/2 variants located in non-coding regions in families with breast and/or ovarian cancer predisposition. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 168:311-325. [PMID: 29236234 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4602-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The molecular mechanism of breast and/or ovarian cancer susceptibility remains unclear in the majority of patients. While germline mutations in the regulatory non-coding regions of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have been described, screening has generally been limited to coding regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of BRCA1/2 non-coding variants. METHODS Four BRCA1/2 non-coding regions were screened using high-resolution melting analysis/Sanger sequencing or next-generation sequencing on DNA extracted from index cases with breast and ovarian cancer predisposition (3926 for BRCA1 and 3910 for BRCA2). The impact of a set of variants on BRCA1/2 gene regulation was evaluated by site-directed mutagenesis, transfection, followed by Luciferase gene reporter assay. RESULTS We identified a total of 117 variants and tested twelve BRCA1 and 8 BRCA2 variants mapping to promoter and intronic regions. We highlighted two neighboring BRCA1 promoter variants (c.-130del; c.-125C > T) and one BRCA2 promoter variants (c.-296C > T) inhibiting significantly the promoter activity. In the functional assays, a regulating region within the intron 12 was found with the same enhancing impact as within the intron 2. Furthermore, the variants c.81-3980A > G and c.4186-2022C > T suppress the positive effect of the introns 2 and 12, respectively, on the BRCA1 promoter activity. We also found some variants inducing the promoter activities. CONCLUSION In this study, we highlighted some variants among many, modulating negatively the promoter activity of BRCA1 or 2 and thus having a potential impact on the risk of developing cancer. This selection makes it possible to conduct future validation studies on a limited number of variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Santana Dos Santos
- Department of Oncology, Center for Translational Oncology, Cancer Institute of the State of São Paulo - ICESP, São Paulo, Brazil
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S M Caputo
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - L Castera
- Laboratoire de Biologie et de Génétique du Cancer, CLCC François Baclesse, INSERM 1079 Centre Normand de Génomique et de MédecinePersonnalisée, Caen, France
| | - M Gendrot
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - A Briaux
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - M Breault
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - S Krieger
- Laboratoire de Biologie et de Génétique du Cancer, CLCC François Baclesse, INSERM 1079 Centre Normand de Génomique et de MédecinePersonnalisée, Caen, France
| | - P K Rogan
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - E J Mucaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - L J Burke
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - I Bièche
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - C Houdayer
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - D Vaur
- Laboratoire de Biologie et de Génétique du Cancer, CLCC François Baclesse, INSERM 1079 Centre Normand de Génomique et de MédecinePersonnalisée, Caen, France
| | - D Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - M A Brown
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - F Lallemand
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France.
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12
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Holzner S, Brenner S, Atanasov AG, Senfter D, Stadler S, Nguyen CH, Fristiohady A, Milovanovic D, Huttary N, Krieger S, Bago-Horvath Z, de Wever O, Tentes I, Özmen A, Jäger W, Dolznig H, Dirsch VM, Mader RM, Krenn L, Krupitza G. Intravasation of SW620 colon cancer cell spheroids through the blood endothelial barrier is inhibited by clinical drugs and flavonoids in vitro. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 111:114-124. [PMID: 29129665 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms how colorectal cancer (CRC) cells penetrate blood micro-vessel endothelia and metastasise is poorly understood. To study blood endothelial cell (BEC) barrier breaching by CRC emboli, an in vitro assay measuring BEC-free areas underneath SW620 cell spheroids, so called "circular chemorepellent induced defects" (CCIDs, appearing in consequence of endothelial retraction), was adapted and supported by Western blotting, EIA-, EROD- and luciferase reporter assays. Inhibition of ALOX12 or NF-κB in SW620 cells or BECs, respectively, caused attenuation of CCIDs. The FDA approved drugs vinpocetine [inhibiting ALOX12-dependent 12(S)-HETE synthesis], ketotifen [inhibiting NF-κB], carbamazepine and fenofibrate [inhibiting 12(S)-HETE and NF-κB] significantly attenuated CCID formation at low μM concentrations. In the 5-FU-resistant SW620-R/BEC model guanfacine, nifedipine and proadifen inhibited CCIDs stronger than in the naïve SW620/BEC model. This indicated that in SW620-R cells formerly silent (yet unidentified) genes became expressed and targetable by these drugs in course of resistance acquisition. Fenofibrate, and the flavonoids hispidulin and apigenin, which are present in medicinal plants, spices, herbs and fruits, attenuated CCID formation in both, naïve- and resistant models. As FDA-approved drugs and food-flavonoids inhibited established and acquired intravasative pathways and attenuated BEC barrier-breaching in vitro, this warrants testing of these compounds in CRC models in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Holzner
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Brenner
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Atanas Georgiev Atanasov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Senfter
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Serena Stadler
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Chi Huu Nguyen
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Adryan Fristiohady
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Nicole Huttary
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Oliver de Wever
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Ioannis Tentes
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 681 00 Dragana/Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Ali Özmen
- Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Biology, 09010 Aydin, Turkey
| | - Walter Jäger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Dolznig
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Maria Dirsch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Michael Mader
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Liselotte Krenn
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Krupitza
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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13
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Gaidzik VI, Weber D, Paschka P, Kaumanns A, Krieger S, Corbacioglu A, Krönke J, Kapp-Schwoerer S, Krämer D, Horst HA, Schmidt-Wolf I, Held G, Kündgen A, Ringhoffer M, Götze K, Kindler T, Fiedler W, Wattad M, Schlenk RF, Bullinger L, Teleanu V, Schlegelberger B, Thol F, Heuser M, Ganser A, Döhner H, Döhner K. DNMT3A mutant transcript levels persist in remission and do not predict outcome in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2017. [PMID: 28643785 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the prognostic impact of minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring in acute myeloid leukemia patients harboring DNA methyltransferase 3A-R882H/-R882C mutations (DNMT3Amut). MRD was determined by real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) in 1494 samples of 181 DNMT3Amut patients. At the time of diagnosis, DNMT3Amut transcript levels did not correlate with presenting clinical characteristics and concurrent gene mutations as well as the survival end points. In Cox regression analyses, bone marrow (BM) DNMT3Amut transcript levels (log10-transformed continuous variable) were not associated with the rate of relapse or death. DNMT3Amut transcript levels were significantly higher in BM than in blood after induction I (P=0.01), induction II (P=0.05), consolidation I (P=0.004) and consolidation II (P=0.008). With regard to the clinically relevant MRD time points, after two cycles of induction and at the end of therapy, DNMT3Amut transcript levels had no impact on the end point remission duration and overall survival. Of note, only a minority of the patients achieved RQ-PCR negativity, whereas most had constantly high DNMT3Amut transcript levels, a finding which is consistent with the persistence of clonal hematopoiesis in hematological remission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D Weber
- Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - P Paschka
- Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - S Krieger
- Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - J Krönke
- Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - D Krämer
- Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - H-A Horst
- Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - G Held
- Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg, Germany
| | - A Kündgen
- Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Ringhoffer
- Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - K Götze
- Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany
| | - T Kindler
- Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - W Fiedler
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Wattad
- Kliniken Essen Süd, Ev. Krankenhaus Essen-Werden gGmbH, Essen, Germany
| | | | | | - V Teleanu
- Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - F Thol
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - M Heuser
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - A Ganser
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - H Döhner
- Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - K Döhner
- Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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14
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Stadler S, Nguyen CH, Schachner H, Milovanovic D, Holzner S, Brenner S, Eichsteininger J, Stadler M, Senfter D, Krenn L, Schmidt WM, Huttary N, Krieger S, Koperek O, Bago-Horvath Z, Brendel KA, Marian B, de Wever O, Mader RM, Giessrigl B, Jäger W, Dolznig H, Krupitza G. Colon cancer cell-derived 12(S)-HETE induces the retraction of cancer-associated fibroblast via MLC2, RHO/ROCK and Ca 2+ signalling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 74:1907-1921. [PMID: 28013338 PMCID: PMC5390003 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2441-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Retraction of mesenchymal stromal cells supports the invasion of colorectal cancer cells (CRC) into the adjacent compartment. CRC-secreted 12(S)-HETE enhances the retraction of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and therefore, 12(S)-HETE may enforce invasivity of CRC. Understanding the mechanisms of metastatic CRC is crucial for successful intervention. Therefore, we studied pro-invasive contributions of stromal cells in physiologically relevant three-dimensional in vitro assays consisting of CRC spheroids, CAFs, extracellular matrix and endothelial cells, as well as in reductionist models. In order to elucidate how CAFs support CRC invasion, tumour spheroid-induced CAF retraction and free intracellular Ca2+ levels were measured and pharmacological- or siRNA-based inhibition of selected signalling cascades was performed. CRC spheroids caused the retraction of CAFs, generating entry gates in the adjacent surrogate stroma. The responsible trigger factor 12(S)-HETE provoked a signal, which was transduced by PLC, IP3, free intracellular Ca2+, Ca2+-calmodulin-kinase-II, RHO/ROCK and MYLK which led to the activation of myosin light chain 2, and subsequent CAF mobility. RHO activity was observed downstream as well as upstream of Ca2+ release. Thus, Ca2+ signalling served as central signal amplifier. Treatment with the FDA-approved drugs carbamazepine, cinnarizine, nifedipine and bepridil HCl, which reportedly interfere with cellular calcium availability, inhibited CAF-retraction. The elucidation of signalling pathways and identification of approved inhibitory drugs warrant development of intervention strategies targeting tumour–stroma interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Stadler
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chi Huu Nguyen
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helga Schachner
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Milovanovic
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvio Holzner
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Brenner
- Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Eichsteininger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mira Stadler
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Senfter
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Liselotte Krenn
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang M Schmidt
- Neuromuscular Research Department, Centre of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 13, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Huttary
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oskar Koperek
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zsuzsanna Bago-Horvath
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Brigitte Marian
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver de Wever
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Robert M Mader
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benedikt Giessrigl
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Jäger
- Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Dolznig
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Krupitza
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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15
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Nguyen CH, Senfter D, Basilio J, Holzner S, Stadler S, Krieger S, Huttary N, Milovanovic D, Viola K, Simonitsch-Klupp I, Jäger W, de Martin R, Krupitza G. NF-κB contributes to MMP1 expression in breast cancer spheroids causing paracrine PAR1 activation and disintegrations in the lymph endothelial barrier in vitro. Oncotarget 2016; 6:39262-75. [PMID: 26513020 PMCID: PMC4770771 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
RELA, RELB, CREL, NFKB1 and NFKB2, and the upstream regulators NEMO and NIK were knocked-down in lymph endothelial cells (LECs) and in MDA-MB231 breast cancer spheroids to study the contribution of NF-κB in vascular barrier breaching. Suppression of RELA, NFKB1 and NEMO inhibited “circular chemo-repellent induced defects” (CCIDs), which form when cancer cells cross the lymphatic vasculature, by ~20–30%. Suppression of RELB, NFKB2 and NIK inhibited CCIDs by only ~10–15%. In MDA-MB231 cells RELA and NFKB1 constituted MMP1 expression, which caused the activation of PAR1 in adjacent LECs. The knock-down of MMP1 in MDA-MB231 spheroids and pharmacological inhibition of PAR1 in LECs inhibited CCID formation by ~30%. Intracellular Ca2+ release in LECs, which was induced by recombinant MMP1, was suppressed by the PAR1 inhibitor SCH79797, thereby confirming a functional intercellular axis: RELA/NFKB1 – MMP1 (MDA-MB231) – PAR1 (LEC). Recombinant MMP1 induced PAR1-dependent phosphorylation of MLC2 and FAK in LECs, which is indicative for their activity and for directional cell migration such as observed during CCID formation. The combined knock-down of the NF-κB pathways in LECs and MDA-MB231 spheroids inhibited CCIDs significantly stronger than knock-down in either cell type alone. Also the knock-down of ICAM-1 in LECs (a NF-κB endpoint with relevance for CCID formation) and knock-down of MMP1 in MDA-MB231 augmented CCID inhibition. This evidences that in both cell types NF-κB significantly and independently contributes to tumour-mediated breaching of the lymphatic barrier. Hence, inflamed tumour tissue and/or vasculature pose an additional threat to cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Huu Nguyen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Senfter
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jose Basilio
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Biomolecular Medicine and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvio Holzner
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Serena Stadler
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Huttary
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Milovanovic
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Viola
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Walter Jäger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer de Martin
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Biomolecular Medicine and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Krupitza
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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16
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Cicvaric A, Yang J, Krieger S, Khan D, Kim EJ, Dominguez-Rodriguez M, Cabatic M, Molz B, Acevedo Aguilar JP, Milicevic R, Smani T, Breuss JM, Kerjaschki D, Pollak DD, Uhrin P, Monje FJ. The brain-tumor related protein podoplanin regulates synaptic plasticity and hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. Ann Med 2016; 48:652-668. [PMID: 27558977 PMCID: PMC5125287 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2016.1219455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Podoplanin is a cell-surface glycoprotein constitutively expressed in the brain and implicated in human brain tumorigenesis. The intrinsic function of podoplanin in brain neurons remains however uncharacterized. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using an established podoplanin-knockout mouse model and electrophysiological, biochemical, and behavioral approaches, we investigated the brain neuronal role of podoplanin. RESULTS Ex-vivo electrophysiology showed that podoplanin deletion impairs dentate gyrus synaptic strengthening. In vivo, podoplanin deletion selectively impaired hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory without affecting amygdala-dependent cued fear conditioning. In vitro, neuronal overexpression of podoplanin promoted synaptic activity and neuritic outgrowth whereas podoplanin-deficient neurons exhibited stunted outgrowth and lower levels of p-Ezrin, TrkA, and CREB in response to nerve growth factor (NGF). Surface Plasmon Resonance data further indicated a physical interaction between podoplanin and NGF. DISCUSSION This work proposes podoplanin as a novel component of the neuronal machinery underlying neuritogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and hippocampus-dependent memory functions. The existence of a relevant cross-talk between podoplanin and the NGF/TrkA signaling pathway is also for the first time proposed here, thus providing a novel molecular complex as a target for future multidisciplinary studies of the brain function in the physiology and the pathology. Key messages Podoplanin, a protein linked to the promotion of human brain tumors, is required in vivo for proper hippocampus-dependent learning and memory functions. Deletion of podoplanin selectively impairs activity-dependent synaptic strengthening at the neurogenic dentate-gyrus and hampers neuritogenesis and phospho Ezrin, TrkA and CREB protein levels upon NGF stimulation. Surface plasmon resonance data indicates a physical interaction between podoplanin and NGF. On these grounds, a relevant cross-talk between podoplanin and NGF as well as a role for podoplanin in plasticity-related brain neuronal functions is here proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cicvaric
- a Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Jiaye Yang
- a Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- b Clinical Institute of Pathology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Deeba Khan
- a Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- c Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University College of Medicine , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Manuel Dominguez-Rodriguez
- a Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Maureen Cabatic
- a Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Barbara Molz
- d Psychology University of York , Heslington York , UK
| | - Juan Pablo Acevedo Aguilar
- a Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Radoslav Milicevic
- a Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Tarik Smani
- e Grupo de Fisiopatología Cardiovascular, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) , Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla , Seville , Spain
| | - Johannes M Breuss
- f Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Dontscho Kerjaschki
- b Clinical Institute of Pathology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Daniela D Pollak
- a Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Pavel Uhrin
- f Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Francisco J Monje
- a Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
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17
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Zapparoli G, Tosi E, Azzolini M, Vagnoli P, Krieger S. Bacterial Inoculation Strategies for the Achievement of Malolactic Fermentation in High-alcohol Wines. S AFR J ENOL VITIC 2016. [DOI: 10.21548/30-1-1424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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18
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Nguyen CH, Brenner S, Huttary N, Atanasov AG, Dirsch VM, Chatuphonprasert W, Holzner S, Stadler S, Riha J, Krieger S, de Martin R, Bago-Horvath Z, Krupitza G, Jäger W. AHR/CYP1A1 interplay triggers lymphatic barrier breaching in breast cancer spheroids by inducing 12(S)-HETE synthesis. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:5006-5016. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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19
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Holzner S, Senfter D, Stadler S, Staribacher A, Nguyen CH, Gaggl A, Geleff S, Huttary N, Krieger S, Jäger W, Dolznig H, Mader RM, Krupitza G. Colorectal cancer cell-derived microRNA200 modulates the resistance of adjacent blood endothelial barriers in vitro. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3065-3071. [PMID: 27666412 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Since cancer cells, when grown as spheroids, display drug sensitivity and radiation resistance patterns such as seen in vivo we recently established a three‑dimensional (3D) in vitro model recapitulating colorectal cancer (CRC)-triggered lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC)‑barrier breaching to study mechanisms of intra‑/extravasation. CRC metastasizes not only through lymphatics but also through blood vessels and here we extend the 3D model to the interaction of blood endothelial cells (BECs) with naïve and 5‑fluorouracil (5‑FU)‑resistant CRC CCL227 cells. The 3D model enabled quantifying effects of tumour‑derived microRNA200 (miR200) miR200a, miR200b, miR200c, miR141 and miR429 regarding the induction of so-called 'circular chemorepellent‑induced defects' (CCIDs) within the BEC‑barrier, which resemble gates for tumour transmigration. For this, miR200 precursors were individually transfected and furthermore, the modulation of ZEB family expression was analysed by western blotting. miR200c, miR141 and miR429, which are contained in exosomes from naïve CCL227 cells, downregulated the expression of ZEB2, SNAI and TWIST in BECs. The exosomes of 5‑FU‑resistant CCL227‑RH cells, which are devoid of miR200, accelerated CCID formation in BEC monolayers as compared to exosomes from naïve CCL227 cells. This confirmed the reported role of ZEB2 and SNAI in CRC metastasis and highlighted the active contribution of the stroma in the metastatic process. CCL227 spheroids affected the integrity of BEC and LEC barriers alike, which was in agreement with the observation that CRC metastasizes via blood stream (into the liver) as well as via lymphatics (into lymph nodes and lungs). This further validated the CRC/LEC and CRC/BEC in vitro model to study mechanisms of CRC spreading through vascular systems. Treatment of CCL227‑RH cells with the HDAC inhibitors mocetinostat and sulforaphane reduced CCID formation to the level triggered by naïve CCL227 spheroids, however, without significantly influencing miR200 expression in CCL227-RH cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Holzner
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, A‑1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Senfter
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, A‑1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Serena Stadler
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, A‑1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Staribacher
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, A‑1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Chi Huu Nguyen
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, A‑1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Gaggl
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, A‑1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvana Geleff
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, A‑1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Huttary
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, A‑1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, A‑1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Jäger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, A‑1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Dolznig
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, A‑1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert M Mader
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, A‑1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Krupitza
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, A‑1090 Vienna, Austria
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20
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Süss D, Drillich M, Klein-Jöbstl D, Wagener K, Krieger S, Thiel A, Meyer L, Schwendenwein I, Iwersen M. Measurement of β-hydroxybutyrate in capillary blood obtained from an ear to detect hyperketonemia in dairy cows by using an electronic handheld device. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:7362-7369. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-10911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Nguyen CH, Brenner S, Huttary N, Li Y, Atanasov AG, Dirsch VM, Holzner S, Stadler S, Riha J, Krieger S, Milovanovic D, Fristiohardy A, Simonitsch-Klupp I, Dolznig H, Saiko P, Szekeres T, Giessrigl B, Jäger W, Krupitza G. 12(S)-HETE increases intracellular Ca2+ in lymph-endothelial cells disrupting their barrier function in vitro; stabilization by clinical drugs impairing calcium supply. Cancer Lett 2016; 380:174-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Nguyen CH, Stadler S, Brenner S, Huttary N, Krieger S, Jäger W, Dolznig H, Krupitza G. Cancer cell-derived 12(S)-HETE signals via 12-HETE receptor, RHO, ROCK and MLC2 to induce lymph endothelial barrier breaching. Br J Cancer 2016; 115:364-70. [PMID: 27362730 PMCID: PMC4973159 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The arachidonic acid metabolite 12(S)-HETE is suspected to enhance metastatic spread by inducing cancer cell- and lymph endothelial cell (LEC) motility. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to 12(S)-HETE-triggered cell migration are still elusive. METHODS To delineate the signalling pathways involved in 12(S)-HETE-mediated migration, inhibitors against RHO and ROCK, and specific siRNAs downregulating 12(S)-HETE receptor (12-HETER) and myosin light chain 2 (MLC2) were used. The breaching of the endothelial barrier was investigated by an assay measuring tumour spheroid-triggered 'circular chemorepellent-induced defects' (CCIDs), and respective signal transduction was elucidated by western blotting. RESULTS We provide evidence that 12(S)-HETE phosphorylated (and activated) MLC2, which regulates actin/myosin-based contraction. MLC2 activation was found to be essential for LEC retraction and CCID formation. Furthermore, we show that 12(S)-HETE activated a 12-HETER-RHO-ROCK-MYPT signalling cascade to induce MLC2 function. CONCLUSIONS Signalling via this pathway is described for this metabolite for the first time. This may provide potential targets for the intervention of metastatic colonisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Huu Nguyen
- Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Serena Stadler
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Brenner
- Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Huttary
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Jäger
- Department for Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Dolznig
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 10, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Krupitza
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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23
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Nosaka H, Krieger S, Fujiwara N, Oono D, Uchida S, Kerjaschki D, Kojima K. MP098PODOPLANIN OVEREXPRESSION IN RAT PODOCYTES INDUCES A MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGE SIMILAR TO FLATTENING OF FOOT PROCESSES VIA REGULATING RAC1 AND CDC42 ACTIVITY. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfw183.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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24
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Blaschke M, McKinnon R, Nguyen CH, Holzner S, Zehl M, Atanasov AG, Schelch K, Krieger S, Diaz R, Frisch R, Feistel B, Jäger W, Ecker GF, Dirsch VM, Grusch M, Zupko I, Urban E, Kopp B, Krupitza G. A eudesmane-type sesquiterpene isolated from Pluchea odorata (L.) Cass. combats three hallmarks of cancer cells: Unrestricted proliferation, escape from apoptosis and early metastatic outgrowth in vitro. Mutat Res 2015; 777:79-90. [PMID: 25989051 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pluchea odorata is ethno pharmaceutically used to treat inflammation-associated disorders. The dichloromethane extract (DME) was tested in the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema assay investigating its effect on inflammation that was inhibited by 37%. Also an in vitro anti-neoplastic potential was reported. However, rather limited information about the bio-activity of purified compounds and their cellular mechanisms are available. Therefore, two of the most abundant eudesmanes in P. odorata were isolated and their anti-neoplastic and anti-intravasative activities were studied. HL-60 cells were treated with P. odorata compounds and metabolic activity, cell number reduction, cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction were correlated with relevant protein expression. Tumour cell intravasation through lymph endothelial monolayers was measured and potential causal mechanisms were analyzed by Western blotting. Compound PO-1 decreased the metabolic activity of HL-60 cells (IC50 = 8.9 μM after 72 h) and 10 μM PO-1 induced apoptosis, while PO-2 showed just weak anti-neoplastic activities at concentrations beyond 100 μM. PO-1 arrested the cell cycle in G1 and this correlated with induction of JunB expression. Independent of this mechanism 25 μM PO-1 decreased MCF-7 spheroid intravasation through the lymph endothelial barrier. Hence, PO-1 inhibits an early step of metastasis, impairs unrestricted proliferation and induces apoptosis at low micromolar concentrations. These results warrant further testing in vivo to challenge the potential of PO-1 as novel lead compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Blaschke
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Austria
| | - Ruxandra McKinnon
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Chi Huu Nguyen
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Austria; Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvio Holzner
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Austria
| | - Martin Zehl
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Austria
| | - Rene Diaz
- Institute for Ethnobiology, Playa Diana, San José/Petén, Guatemala
| | - Richard Frisch
- Institute for Ethnobiology, Playa Diana, San José/Petén, Guatemala
| | - Björn Feistel
- Finzelberg GmbH & Co. KG, Koblenzer Strasse 48-54, D-56626 Andernach, Germany
| | - Walter Jäger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard F Ecker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena M Dirsch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Grusch
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Istvan Zupko
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ernst Urban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Brigitte Kopp
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Krupitza
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Austria.
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Senfter D, Holzner S, Kalipciyan M, Staribacher A, Walzl A, Huttary N, Krieger S, Brenner S, Jäger W, Krupitza G, Dolznig H, Mader RM. Loss of miR-200 family in 5-fluorouracil resistant colon cancer drives lymphendothelial invasiveness in vitro. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:3689-98. [PMID: 25832648 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive colorectal cancer is associated with poor prognosis requiring treatment with systemic chemotherapies usually including 5-fluorouracil. A consequence of prolonged treatment is the acquisition of resistance eventually resulting in the recurrence of highly metastatic cancer cells. To address the relationship between drug resistance and increased lymphatic metastatic potential, we used a 3D co-culture model of colon tumour cell spheroids of parent CCL227 cells and subclones with gradually increasing resistance against 5-fluorouracil. From each investigated cell line, homogeneous tumour spheroids were generated in the presence of methylcellulose yielding emboli of ∼700 µm diameter. When invasive, tumour spheroids disrupt the continuous lymphendothelial cell (LEC) layer and generate a 'circular chemorepellent-induced defect' (CCID), reminiscent of the entry gates through which tumour emboli intravasate lymphatic vasculature. Here we provide evidence that increasingly chemoresistant colon cancer spheroids were strongly associated with enhanced intravasative properties. In naïve CCL227 spheroids, miR-200 family members were released into exosomes thereby repressing the epithelial to mesenchymal transition-regulating transcription factors ZEB1 and SLUG in LEC. As a consequence of attenuated plasticity and migration of LEC, CCID formation was impaired. Loss of exosomal transferred miR-200c in resistant colon cells rendered LEC more susceptible to pro-migratory signals that were generated and directly transmitted by colon cancer spheroids. This observation indicates a common molecular axis in colon cancer and LEC where miR-200 family members act as regulators of ZEB proteins. The data support the notion that horizontal miR-200 signalling prevents the permeation of cells into adjacent epithelia and contributes to organ integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Kalipciyan
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Staribacher
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Walzl
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria and
| | | | | | - Stefan Brenner
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Jäger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Helmut Dolznig
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria and
| | - Robert M Mader
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria,
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Bandara N, Cherukuri K, Krieger S, Parry J, Lapi S, Rogers B. Targeting Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor-Positive Tumors using Yttrium-86 labeled DOTA-Bombesin(7-14) Analogs. Nucl Med Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.05.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Kopf S, Viola K, Atanasov AG, Jarukamjorn K, Rarova L, Kretschy N, Teichmann M, Vonach C, Saiko P, Giessrigl B, Huttary N, Raab I, Krieger S, Schumacher M, Diederich M, Strnad M, de Martin R, Szekeres T, Jäger W, Dirsch VM, Mikulits W, Grusch M, Dolznig H, Krupitza G. In vitro characterisation of the anti-intravasative properties of the marine product heteronemin. Arch Toxicol 2013; 87:1851-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-013-1045-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Giessrigl B, Krieger S, Rosner M, Huttary N, Saiko P, Alami M, Messaoudi S, Peyrat JF, Maciuk A, Gollinger M, Kopf S, Kazlauskas E, Mazal P, Szekeres T, Hengstschläger M, Matulis D, Jäger W, Krupitza G. Hsp90 stabilizes Cdc25A and counteracts heat shock-mediated Cdc25A degradation and cell-cycle attenuation in pancreatic carcinoma cells. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 21:4615-27. [PMID: 22843495 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreas cancer cells escape most treatment options. Heat shock protein (Hsp)90 is frequently over-expressed in pancreas carcinomas and protects a number of cell-cycle regulators such as the proto-oncogene Cdc25A. We show that inhibition of Hsp90 with geldanamycin (GD) destabilizes Cdc25A independent of Chk1/2, whereas the standard drug for pancreas carcinoma treatment, gemcitabine (GEM), causes Cdc25A degradation through the activation of Chk2. Both agents applied together additively inhibit the expression of Cdc25A and the proliferation of pancreas carcinoma cells thereby demonstrating that both Cdc25A-destabilizing/degrading pathways are separated. The role of Hsp90 as stabilizer of Cdc25A in pancreas carcinoma cells is further supported by two novel synthetic inhibitors 4-tosylcyclonovobiocic acid and 7-tosylcyclonovobiocic acid and specific Hsp90AB1 (Hsp90β) shRNA. Our data show that targeting Hsp90 reduced the resistance of pancreas carcinoma cells to treatment with GEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Giessrigl
- 1Institute of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna A-1090, Austria
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Viola K, Kopf S, Huttary N, Vonach C, Kretschy N, Teichmann M, Giessrigl B, Raab I, Stary S, Krieger S, Keller T, Bauer S, Hantusch B, Szekeres T, de Martin R, Jäger W, Mikulits W, Dolznig H, Krupitza G, Grusch M. Bay11-7082 inhibits the disintegration of the lymphendothelial barrier triggered by MCF-7 breast cancer spheroids; the role of ICAM-1 and adhesion. Br J Cancer 2012; 108:564-9. [PMID: 23093227 PMCID: PMC3593529 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Many cancers spread through lymphatic routes, and mechanistic insights of tumour intravasation into the lymphatic vasculature and targets for intervention are limited. The major emphasis of research focuses currently on the molecular biology of tumour cells, while still little is known regarding the contribution of lymphatics. Methods: Breast cancer cell spheroids attached to lymphendothelial cell (LEC) monolayers were used to investigate the process of intravasation by measuring the areas of ‘circular chemorepellent-induced defects' (CCID), which can be considered as entry gates for bulky tumour intravasation. Aspects of tumour cell intravasation were furthermore studied by adhesion assay, and siRNA-mediated knockdown of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Replacing cancer spheroids with the CCID-triggering compound 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) facilitated western blot analyses of Bay11-7082- and baicalein-treated LECs. Results: Binding of LECs to MCF-7 spheroids, which is a prerequisite for CCID formation, was mediated by ICAM-1 expression, and this depended on NF-κB and correlated with the expression of the prometastatic factor S100A4. Simultaneous inhibition of NF-κB with Bay11-7082 and of arachidonate lipoxygenase (ALOX)-15 with baicalein prevented CCID formation additively. Conclusion: Two mechanisms contribute to CCID formation: ALOX15 via the generation of 12(S)-HETE by MCF-7 cells, which induces directional migration of LECs, and ICAM-1 in LECs under control of NF-κB, which facilitates adhesion of MCF-7 cells to LECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Viola
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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McGraw C, Krieger S, Wong J, Fabian M. The Food Critic Who Couldn't Taste and 6 Other Cases of Dysgeusia in Multiple Sclerosis (P06.178). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p06.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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31
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Yang J, Shin S, Fowkes M, Krieger S, Strauchen JA, Smethurst M, Demopoulos A. Teaching NeuroImages: lymphomatoid granulomatosis involving lung and brain in an immunocompetent woman. Neurology 2011; 77:e75-6. [PMID: 21947537 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e318230202c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Yang
- Mount Sinai Medical Center, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1137, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Kerjaschki D, Bago-Horvath Z, Rudas M, Sexl V, Schneckenleithner C, Wolbank S, Bartel G, Krieger S, Kalt R, Hantusch B, Keller T, Nagy-Bojarszky K, Huttary N, Raab I, Lackner K, Krautgasser K, Schachner H, Kaserer K, Rezar S, Madlener S, Vonach C, Davidovits A, Nosaka H, Hämmerle M, Viola K, Dolznig H, Schreiber M, Nader A, Mikulits W, Gnant M, Hirakawa S, Detmar M, Alitalo K, Nijman S, Offner F, Maier TJ, Steinhilber D, Krupitza G. Lipoxygenase mediates invasion of intrametastatic lymphatic vessels and propagates lymph node metastasis of human mammary carcinoma xenografts in mouse. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:2000-12. [PMID: 21540548 DOI: 10.1172/jci44751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In individuals with mammary carcinoma, the most relevant prognostic predictor of distant organ metastasis and clinical outcome is the status of axillary lymph node metastasis. Metastases form initially in axillary sentinel lymph nodes and progress via connecting lymphatic vessels into postsentinel lymph nodes. However, the mechanisms of consecutive lymph node colonization are unknown. Through the analysis of human mammary carcinomas and their matching axillary lymph nodes, we show here that intrametastatic lymphatic vessels and bulk tumor cell invasion into these vessels highly correlate with formation of postsentinel metastasis. In an in vitro model of tumor bulk invasion, human mammary carcinoma cells caused circular defects in lymphatic endothelial monolayers. These circular defects were highly reminiscent of defects of the lymphovascular walls at sites of tumor invasion in vivo and were primarily generated by the tumor-derived arachidonic acid metabolite 12S-HETE following 15-lipoxygenase-1 (ALOX15) catalysis. Accordingly, pharmacological inhibition and shRNA knockdown of ALOX15 each repressed formation of circular defects in vitro. Importantly, ALOX15 knockdown antagonized formation of lymph node metastasis in xenografted tumors. Furthermore, expression of lipoxygenase in human sentinel lymph node metastases correlated inversely with metastasis-free survival. These results provide evidence that lipoxygenase serves as a mediator of tumor cell invasion into lymphatic vessels and formation of lymph node metastasis in ductal mammary carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dontscho Kerjaschki
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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33
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Osmers I, Winter M, Krieger S. [Trauma care - a global challenge. Experience gathered in a (trauma) center managing urban violence in Nigeria]. Unfallchirurg 2011; 114:268-72. [PMID: 21286909 DOI: 10.1007/s00113-010-1919-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Internal fixation of fractures is an integral part of health care. However this is a privilege of the developed world. For humanitarian aid internal fixation has always been considered as too prone to infection given the poor hygienic conditions, too specialized, too costly and the infrastructure of so-called developing countries too weak to perform internal fixation successfully. Due to the globally increasing density of road traffic an alarming increase in victims of road traffic accidents can be observed. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that in 2030 road traffic accidents will be responsible for twice as many deaths as caused by HIV/AIDS.Road traffic accidents are considered to be the new global epidemic. Since the victims are generally young, their rehabilitation has not only a humanitarian, but also an economic impact for low-income countries. The organization Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières; MSF) is not only providing surgical care for victims of violence in war and conflict regions, but has expanded its portfolio to include victims of road traffic accidents and started to perform internal fixation under good hygienic circumstances in closed fractures. The following is a report about the work in a hospital for surgical trauma care in Port Harcourt, Nigeria where victims of road traffic accidents are treated besides victims of urban violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Osmers
- Ärzte ohne Grenzen e.V., Am Köllnischen Park 1, 10179, Berlin, Deutschland.
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Winter M, Osmers I, Krieger S. [Trauma surgery catastrophe aid following the earthquake in Haiti 2010--a report on experiences: injury patterns, special challenges, prospects]. Unfallchirurg 2011; 114:79-84. [PMID: 21229228 DOI: 10.1007/s00113-010-1883-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The earthquake in Haiti in January 2010 resulted in more than 220,000 deaths and over 300,000 injured and was one of the greatest mass casualties in recent history. "Doctors Without Borders" started a medical relief response immediately after the earthquake, building up to the biggest disaster relief activity in the organization's history. Roughly 173,000 medical consultations and more than 11,700 surgical interventions were performed in 26 medical facilities during the first 4 months. A particular challenge was the sheer number of patients in a situation with a completely destroyed medical infrastructure. While the initial phase mainly focused on life saving surgery, the second phase concentrated on reconstructive surgery of the extremities. Crucial for effective patient care is an ability to act early and employ surgical techniques which are adapted to the overall situation. The following article is a personal report of the early emergency response from the viewpoint of two orthopedic trauma surgeons, who have surgical careers in Germany and also frequently volunteer for "Doctors Without Borders".
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Affiliation(s)
- M Winter
- Ärzte ohne Grenzen, and Klinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, DRK Kliniken Berlin-Köpenick, Salvador-Allende-Strasse 2–8, Berlin, Germany.
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35
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Gaildrat P, Krieger S, Thery JC, Killian A, Rousselin A, Berthet P, Frebourg T, Hardouin A, Martins A, Tosi M. The BRCA1 c.5434C->G (p.Pro1812Ala) variant induces a deleterious exon 23 skipping by affecting exonic splicing regulatory elements. J Med Genet 2010; 47:398-403. [DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2009.074047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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36
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37
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Joly F, Weber B, Pautier P, Fabbro M, Selle F, Krieger S, Leconte A, Bourgeois H, Henry-Amar M. Combined topotecan and lapatinib in patients with early recurrent ovarian or peritoneal cancer after first line of platinum-based chemotherapy: A French FEDEGYN-FNCLCC phase II trial. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.5555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
5555 Background: High HER1 expression is associated with poor prognosis. Preliminary data have shown links between HER1 expression and topotecan efficacy. The objective of the trial was to evaluate the efficacy of the association of topotecan and lapatinib in non-HER screened patients who failed first line platinum-based chemotherapy within 12 months. Methods: Chemotherapy consisted of 4-week course of topotecan (d1, d8, d15, 3.2 mg/m2 IV) and lapatinib (1250 mg/d PO). Response was assessed using RECIST or RUSTIN criteria. The primary objective was global response (GR, i.e. CR, PR, and SD). Biomarker profiles were evaluated according treatment response. A two-step phase II trial was designed to include 54 patients assuming a GR rate of 75% for the combination compared to 55% for topotecan alone. Results: From March to September 2008, 39 patients (37 ovarian and 2 peritoneal carcinomas), median age 60 (18 to 80), were included in 16 institutions. Patients presented with FIGO stage I (n = 1), II (n = 2), III (n = 29), and IV (n = 7) disease. Twenty and 19 patients had disease relapse occurring < 6 and 6–12 months after initial chemotherapy respectively. 2 patients were non evaluable. After 1 to 8 cycles (median 2) of topotecan-lapatinib there were 0/2 PR, 7/9 SD, 12/7 progressions in patients who failed <6 or 6–12 months respectively. The GR rate was 46% (35 and 58%; 95% confidence limits, 30–63%) and the trial was prematurely stopped. Three patients developed toxicity leading to treatment discontinuation after 3 cycles. Biological data will be presented at meeting. Conclusions: Combined topotecan and lapatinib is associated with modest GR rate. Biological profiles of responders are pending. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Joly
- Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Centre Alexis Vautrin, Nancy, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Centre Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France; Centre Jean Bernard, Le Mans, France
| | - B. Weber
- Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Centre Alexis Vautrin, Nancy, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Centre Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France; Centre Jean Bernard, Le Mans, France
| | - P. Pautier
- Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Centre Alexis Vautrin, Nancy, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Centre Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France; Centre Jean Bernard, Le Mans, France
| | - M. Fabbro
- Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Centre Alexis Vautrin, Nancy, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Centre Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France; Centre Jean Bernard, Le Mans, France
| | - F. Selle
- Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Centre Alexis Vautrin, Nancy, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Centre Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France; Centre Jean Bernard, Le Mans, France
| | - S. Krieger
- Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Centre Alexis Vautrin, Nancy, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Centre Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France; Centre Jean Bernard, Le Mans, France
| | - A. Leconte
- Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Centre Alexis Vautrin, Nancy, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Centre Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France; Centre Jean Bernard, Le Mans, France
| | - H. Bourgeois
- Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Centre Alexis Vautrin, Nancy, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Centre Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France; Centre Jean Bernard, Le Mans, France
| | - M. Henry-Amar
- Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Centre Alexis Vautrin, Nancy, France; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Centre Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France; Centre Jean Bernard, Le Mans, France
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Madlener S, Rosner M, Krieger S, Giessrigl B, Gridling M, Vo TPN, Leisser C, Lackner A, Raab I, Grusch M, Hengstschläger M, Dolznig H, Krupitza G. Short 42 degrees C heat shock induces phosphorylation and degradation of Cdc25A which depends on p38MAPK, Chk2 and 14.3.3. Hum Mol Genet 2009; 18:1990-2000. [PMID: 19289404 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddp123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of heat shock (HS; 42 degrees C) on the cell cycle and underlying molecular mechanisms are astonishingly unexplored. Here, we show that HS caused rapid Cdc25A degradation and a reduction of cell cycle progression. Cdc25A degradation depended on Ser75-Cdc25A phosphorylation caused by p38MAPK and Chk2, which phosphorylated Ser177-Cdc25A that is specific for 14.3.3 binding. Upon HS, Cdc25A rapidly co-localized with 14.3.3 in the perinuclear space that was accompanied with a decrease of nuclear Cdc25A protein levels. Consistently, a 14.3.3 binding-deficient Cdc25A double mutant (Ser177/Ala-Tyr507/Ala) was not degraded in response to HS and there was no evidence for an increased co-localization of Cdc25A with 14.3.3 in the cytosol. Therefore, upon HS, p38, Chk2 and 14.3.3 were antagonists of Cdc25A stability. On the other hand, Cdc25A was protected by Hsp90 in HEK293 cells because the specific inhibition of Hsp90 with Geldanamycin caused Cdc25A degradation in HEK293 implicating that Cdc25A is an Hsp90 client. Specific inhibition of Hsp90 together with HS caused and accelerated degradation of Cdc25A and was highly cytotoxic. The results presented here show for the first time that Cdc25A is degraded by moderate heat shock and protected by Hsp90. We describe the mechanisms explaining HS-induced cell cycle retardation and provide a rationale for a targeted hyperthermia cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibylle Madlener
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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Mayrhofer C, Krieger S, Huttary N, Chang MWF, Grillari J, Allmaier G, Kerjaschki D. Alterations in fatty acid utilization and an impaired antioxidant defense mechanism are early events in podocyte injury: a proteomic analysis. Am J Pathol 2009; 174:1191-202. [PMID: 19264907 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ultrastructural alterations of podocytes are closely associated with loss of glomerular filtration function. In the present study, we explored changes at the proteome level that paralleled the disturbances of podocyte architecture in the early stages of puromycin aminonucleoside (PA) nephrosis in vivo. Using two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis and vacuum matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry combined with postsource decay fragment ion analysis and high-energy collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry, 23 differentially expressed protein spots, corresponding to 16 glomerular proteins that are involved in various cellular functions, were unambiguously identified, and a subset was corroborated by Western blot analysis. The majority of these proteins were primarily related to fatty acid metabolism and redox regulation. Key enzymes of the mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway and antioxidant enzymes were consistently down-regulated in PA nephrosis. These changes were paralleled by increased expression levels of CD36. PA treatment of murine podocytes in culture resembled these specific protein changes in vitro. In this cell system, the modulatory effects of albumin-bound fatty acids on the expression levels of Mn-superoxide dismutase in response to PA were demonstrated as well. Taken together, these results indicate that a disrupted fatty acid metabolism in concert with an impaired antioxidant defense mechanism in podocytes may play a role in the early stages of PA-induced lesions in podocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Mayrhofer
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Wick N, Haluza D, Gurnhofer E, Raab I, Kasimir MT, Prinz M, Steiner CW, Reinisch C, Howorka A, Giovanoli P, Buchsbaum S, Krieger S, Tschachler E, Petzelbauer P, Kerjaschki D. Lymphatic precollectors contain a novel, specialized subpopulation of podoplanin low, CCL27-expressing lymphatic endothelial cells. Am J Pathol 2008; 173:1202-9. [PMID: 18772332 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2008.080101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Expression of the lymphoendothelial marker membrane mucoprotein podoplanin (podo) distinguishes endothelial cells of both blood and lymphatic lineages. We have previously discovered two distinct subpopulations of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in human skin that were defined by their cell surface densities of podoplanin and were designated LEC podo-low and LEC podo-high. LEC podo-low is restricted to lymphatic precollector vessels that originate from initial LEC podo-high-containing lymphatic capillaries and selectively express several pro-inflammatory factors. In addition to the chemokine receptor protein Duffy blood group antigen receptor for chemokines, these factors include the constitutively expressed chemokine CCL27, which is responsible for the accumulation of pathogenic CCR10+ T lymphocytes in human inflammatory skin diseases. In this study, we report that CCR10+ T cells accumulate preferentially both around and within CCL27+ LEC podo-low precollector vessels in skin biopsies of human inflammatory disease. In transmigration assays, isolated CCR10+ T lymphocytes are chemotactically attracted by LEC podo-low in a CCL27-dependent fashion, but not by LEC podo-high. These observations indicate that LEC podo-low-containing precollector vessels constitute a specialized segment of the initial lymphatic microvasculature, and we hypothesize that these LEC podo-low-containing vessels are involved in the trafficking of CCR10+ T cells during skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Wick
- Department of Pathology, Vienna Medical University, Vienna, Austria
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Bonnet C, Krieger S, Vezain M, Rousselin A, Tournier I, Martins A, Berthet P, Chevrier A, Dugast C, Layet V, Rossi A, Lidereau R, Frébourg T, Hardouin A, Tosi M. Screening BRCA1 and BRCA2 unclassified variants for splicing mutations using reverse transcription PCR on patient RNA and an ex vivo assay based on a splicing reporter minigene. J Med Genet 2008; 45:438-46. [PMID: 18424508 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2007.056895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many unclassified variants (UV) of BRCA1 or BRCA2 may have an effect on pre-mRNA splicing. Patient blood samples suitable for RNA extraction are not always available for testing UVs at the RNA level. METHODS Analyses of RNA from patient peripheral blood were performed, using a one-step reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) protocol, and were compared with an ex vivo splicing assay based on PCR-amplified patient DNA inserted into a splicing reporter minigene. Using both methods 20 variants found in 17 patients were examined. RESULTS Data from patient RNA and from the minigene assay were fully concordant, but the ex vivo splicing assay, which is monoallelic, clarified several ambiguities in the patient RNA data. Two intronic variants induced strong splicing defects: BRCA1 c.4987-5T-->A (IVS16-5T-->A) induced exon 17 skipping and BRCA2 c.316+5G-->C (IVS3+5G-->C) induced complete skipping of exon 3. Of the exonic variants, BRCA2 c.7805G-->C (p.Arg2602Thr), at the last base of exon 16, induced both exon skipping and activation of a cryptic exonic donor site, and BRCA2 c.8023A-->G (p.Ile2675Val) generated a strong donor site within exon 18. These four variants were thus classified as pathogenic, because of the total absence of a normal transcript from the corresponding allele. Variant BRCA2 c.9501+3A-->T (IVS25+3A-->T) induced incomplete skipping of exon 25, suggesting a mutation with incomplete penetrance, and BRCA2 c.8257_8259del (p.Leu2753del) modified the alternative splicing of exons 17 and 18. CONCLUSIONS We show that functional analysis using a splicing reporter minigene is sensitive and specific, and should be used for initial screening of potential splicing defects, especially when patient RNA is not readily available.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bonnet
- Inserm U614, IFRMP, Faculty of Medicine and Department of Genetics, University Hospital, Institute for Biomedical Research, Rouen, France
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42
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Jahnke A, Hirschberger J, Fischer C, Brill T, Köstlin R, Plank C, Küchenhoff H, Krieger S, Kamenica K, Schillinger U. Intra-tumoral gene delivery of feIL-2, feIFN-gamma and feGM-CSF using magnetofection as a neoadjuvant treatment option for feline fibrosarcomas: a phase-I study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 54:599-606. [PMID: 18045346 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2007.01002.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite aggressive pre- or postoperative treatment, feline fibrosarcomas have a high relapse rate. In this study, a new treatment option based on immune stimulation by intra-tumoral delivery of three feline cytokine genes was performed. The objective of this phase-I dose-escalation study was to determine a safe dose for further evaluation in a subsequent phase-II trial. Twenty-five client-owned cats with clinical diagnosis of fibrosarcoma - primary tumours as well as recurrences - entered the study. Four increasing doses of plasmids coding for feIL-2, feIFN-gamma or feGM-CSF, respectively, were previously defined. In groups I, II, III and IV these doses were 15, 50, 150 and 450 microg per plasmid and a corresponding amount of magnetic nanoparticles. Two preoperative intra-tumoral injections of the magnetic DNA solution were followed by magnetofection. A group of four control cats received only surgical treatment. Side effects were registered and graded according to the VCOG-CTCAE scale and correlated to treatment. Statistical analyses included one-way anova, post hoc and Kruskal-Wallis tests. ELISA tests detecting plasma feIFN-gamma and plasma feGM-CSF were performed. One cat out of group IV (450 microg per plasmid) showed adverse events probably related to gene delivery. As these side effects were self-limiting and occurred only in one of eight cats in group IV, this dose was determined to be well tolerable. Altogether six cats developed local recurrences during a 1-year observation period. Four of these cats had been treated with dose IV. Regarding these observations, a subsequent phase-II trial including a representative amount of cats should be tested for the efficacy of dose IV as well as dose III.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jahnke
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany.
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Gallhofer B, Jaanson P, Mittoux A, Tanghøj P, Lis S, Krieger S. Course of Recovery of Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Randomised Double-blind Study Comparing Sertindole and Haloperidol. Pharmacopsychiatry 2007; 40:275-86. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-990291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Buske-Kirschbaum A, Krieger S, Wilkes C, Rauh W, Weiss S, Hellhammer DH. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function and the cellular immune response in former preterm children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92:3429-35. [PMID: 17566098 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2006-2223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Animal data suggest that adverse early experiences may affect endocrine and immune functioning in later life. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to assess the impact of preterm delivery on hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning, heart rate responses, and immune function. PARTICIPANTS Former preterm children [aged 8-14 yr (n = 18)], sex and age-matched full-term born control children (n = 18), data on birth weight, gestational age, birth weight for gestational age (in sd units), actual body weight, height, and body mass index were assessed. DESIGN AND OUTCOME MEASURES Subjects were exposed to a standardized laboratory stressor ("Trier Social Stress Test for Children"). Cortisol in saliva was determined in 10-min intervals before and after the stress test; heart rates were obtained continuously during the stress test. Additional assessment of saliva cortisol was performed: 1) on 3 consecutive days after awakening and at +10, +20, and +30 min (morning cortisol); and 2) at 0800, 1400, 1600, and 1900 h (short diurnal profile). Measurement of the delayed type hypersensitivity reaction to seven recall antigens [Multitest cellular mediated immunity (Multitest-Immignost, Biosyn, Fellbach, Germany)]. RESULTS Exposure to the Trier Social Stress Test for Children yielded significantly increased cortisol levels [F (8, 232) = 19.86; P < 0.001] and heart rates [F (38, 988) = 10.46; P < 0.001], however, no difference between former preterms and full-terms could be observed. No between-group differences were found in the short diurnal cortisol profile. Former preterms showed significantly higher cortisol levels after awakening [F (3, 102) = 3.14; P < 0.05]. In addition, a significantly suppressed delayed type hypersensitivity response [reduced number of positive antigens (t = -2.64, P < 0.05); induration (t = -2.4, P < 0.05)] was found in former preterms. CONCLUSION The data suggest that preterm delivery may be associated with altered endocrine and immune functions well into late childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Buske-Kirschbaum
- Department of Biopsychology, Technical University of Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
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Hantusch B, Kalt R, Krieger S, Puri C, Kerjaschki D. Sp1/Sp3 and DNA-methylation contribute to basal transcriptional activation of human podoplanin in MG63 versus Saos-2 osteoblastic cells. BMC Mol Biol 2007; 8:20. [PMID: 17343736 PMCID: PMC1828165 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2199-8-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2006] [Accepted: 03/07/2007] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Podoplanin is a membrane mucin that, among a series of tissues, is expressed on late osteoblasts and osteocytes. Since recent findings have focussed on podoplanin's potential role as a tumour progression factor, we aimed at identifying regulatory elements conferring PDPN promoter activity. Here, we characterized the molecular mechanism controlling basal PDPN transcription in human osteoblast-like MG63 versus Saos-2 cells. Results We cloned and sequenced 2056 nucleotides from the 5'-flanking region of the PDPN gene and a computational search revealed that the TATA and CAAT box-lacking promoter possesses features of a growth-related gene, such as a GC-rich 5' region and the presence of multiple putative Sp1, AP-4 and NF-1 sites. Reporter gene assays demonstrated a functional promoter in MG63 cells exhibiting 30-fold more activity than in Saos-2 cells. In vitro DNase I footprinting revealed eight protected regions flanked by DNaseI hypersensitive sites within the region bp -728 to -39 present in MG63, but not in Saos-2 cells. Among these regions, mutation and supershift electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) identified four Sp1/Sp3 binding sites and two binding sites for yet unknown transcription factors. Deletion studies demonstrated the functional importance of two Sp1/Sp3 sites for PDPN promoter activity. Overexpression of Sp1 and Sp3 independently increased the stimulatory effect of the promoter and podoplanin mRNA levels in MG63 and Saos-2 cells. In SL2 cells, Sp3 functioned as a repressor, while Sp1 and Sp3 acted positively synergistic. Weak PDPN promoter activity of Saos-2 cells correlated with low Sp1/Sp3 nuclear levels, which was confirmed by Sp1/Sp3 chromatin immunoprecipitations in vivo. Moreover, methylation-sensitive Southern blot analyses and bisulfite sequencing detected strong methylation of CpG sites upstream of bp -464 in MG63 cells, but hypomethylation of these sites in Saos-2 cells. Concomitantly, treatment with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-azaCdR in combination with trichostatin A (TSA) downregulated podoplanin mRNA levels in MG63 cells, and region-specific in vitro methylation of the distal promoter suggested that DNA methylation rather enhanced than hindered PDPN transcription in both cell types. Conclusion These data establish that in human osteoblast-like MG63 cells, Sp1 and Sp3 stimulate basal PDPN transcription in a concerted, yet independent manner, whereas Saos-2 cells lack sufficient nuclear Sp protein amounts for transcriptional activation. Moreover, a highly methylated chromatin conformation of the distal promoter region confers cell-type specific podoplanin upregulation versus Saos-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Hantusch
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Kalt
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Puri
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dontscho Kerjaschki
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Mayrhofer C, Krieger S, Raptakis E, Allmaier G. Comparison of vacuum matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) and atmospheric pressure MALDI (AP-MALDI) tandem mass spectrometry of 2-dimensional separated and trypsin-digested glomerular proteins for database search derived identification. J Proteome Res 2007; 5:1967-78. [PMID: 16889419 DOI: 10.1021/pr060165s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometric based sequencing of enzymatic generated peptides is widely used to obtain specific sequence tags allowing the unambiguous identification of proteins. In the present study, two types of desorption/ionization techniques combined with different modes of ion dissociation, namely vacuum matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (vMALDI) high energy collision induced dissociation (CID) and post-source decay (PSD) as well as atmospheric pressure (AP)-MALDI low energy CID, were applied for the fragmentation of singly protonated peptide ions, which were derived from two-dimensional separated, silver-stained and trypsin-digested hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic glomerular proteins. Thereby, defined properties of the individual fragmentation pattern generated by the specified modes could be observed. Furthermore, the compatibility of the varying PSD and CID (MS/MS) data with database search derived identification using two public accessible search algorithms has been evaluated. The peptide sequence tag information obtained by PSD and high energy CID enabled in the majority of cases an unambiguous identification. In contrast, part of the data obtained by low energy CID were not assignable using similar search parameters and therefore no clear results were obtainable. The knowledge of the properties of available MALDI-based fragmentation techniques presents an important factor for data interpretation using public accessible search algorithms and moreover for the identification of two-dimensional gel separated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Mayrhofer
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
Efficient methods for profiling of the cell surface proteome are desirable to get a deeper insight in basic biological processes, to localise proteins and to uncover proteins differentially expressed in diseases. Here we present a strategy to target cell surface exposed proteins via fluorescence labelling using CyDye DIGE fluors. This method has been applied to human cell lines in vitro as well as to a complex biological system in vivo. It allows detection of fluorophore-tagged cell surface proteins and visualisation of the accessible proteome within a single 2-D gel, simplifying subsequent UV MALDI-MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Mayrhofer
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Hantusch B, Knittelfelder R, Wallmann J, Krieger S, Szalai K, Untersmayr E, Vogel M, Stadler BM, Scheiner O, Boltz-Nitulescu G, Jensen-Jarolim E. Internal images: human anti-idiotypic Fab antibodies mimic the IgE epitopes of grass pollen allergen Phl p 5a. Mol Immunol 2006; 43:2180-7. [PMID: 16510185 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2006.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2005] [Accepted: 01/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of anti-idiotypic antibodies in allergic disease is still poorly understood. According to Jerne, anti-idiotypic antibodies to IgE should represent internal images of an allergen. Our aim was to ultimately prove whether this hypothesis holds true in allergy. Here, we describe the selection of anti-idiotypic antibodies against Phl p 5a-specific IgE directly from the B-cell repertoire of a grass pollen allergic individual. METHODS Taking Phleum pratense grass pollen allergen Phl p 5 as a model, we selected anti-idiotypic antibodies against allergen-specific IgE directly from the B-cell repertoire of an allergic individual. We screened a combinatorial phage display library of human monovalent antibody heavy and light chain fragments (Fabs) with anti-Phl p 5a-IgE to identify and characterize Fabs with anti-idiotypic specificity. RESULTS Five different Fab clones with anti-idiotypic specificity for anti-Phl p 5a-IgE were identified. Their hypervariable regions revealed partial sequence homology with solvent accessible antigenic sites of Phl p 5a, which have been identified by our previous mimotope approach. Phagemid DNA derived from the phage clones was used to produce two soluble recombinant anti-idiotypic Fab clones in E. coli. As a proof of molecular mimicry, both Fabs induced anti-Phl p 5a-specific antibodies in immunized BALB/c mice. Molecular modeling of the heavy and light chain hypervariable loops of the anti-idiotypic Fabs illustrated structural similarity with dominant IgE epitopes of Phl p 5a. CONCLUSION In this straightforward phage technology approach, antibodies with anti-idiotypic specificities could be isolated from a human allergic's repertoire. As predicted by the immune network hypothesis, their hypervariable domains mimic IgE epitopes like internal images and, more importantly, induce allergen-specific immune responses in the absence of the allergen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Hantusch
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Hantusch B, Schöll I, Harwanegg C, Krieger S, Becker WM, Spitzauer S, Boltz-Nitulescu G, Jensen-Jarolim E. Affinity determinations of purified IgE and IgG antibodies against the major pollen allergens Phl p 5a and Bet v 1a: discrepancy between IgE and IgG binding strength. Immunol Lett 2005; 97:81-9. [PMID: 15626479 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2004.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2004] [Revised: 09/29/2004] [Accepted: 10/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Allergen-specific IgE and IgG antibodies coexist in allergic individuals, but only IgE has anaphylactogenic capacity. This study aimed to determine the association, dissociation and equilibrium constants for the interaction of allergen-specific IgE and IgG with the major grass and birch pollen allergens Phl p 5a and Bet v 1a. We isolated specific IgE and IgG antibodies from pollen allergic patients' sera by a two-step affinity chromatography protocol and controlled the high purity in a recombinant allergen chip microarray. Surface plasmon resonance measurements of polyclonal IgE and IgG species revealed that their affinities diverge widely, being in the range of 10(-10) and 10(-11) M for IgE, but only 10(-6)-10(-7) M for IgG. Moreover, murine monoclonal IgG1 antibodies against the allergens showed affinities of 10(-7)-10(-8) M. Thus, we conclude from our data that even stringently affinity matured IgG cannot score the superior affinity of IgE antibodies to allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Hantusch
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Vienna, Neubau AKH EB3Q, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Mazal PR, Exner M, Haitel A, Krieger S, Thomson RB, Aronson PS, Susani M. Expression of kidney-specific cadherin distinguishes chromophobe renal cell carcinoma from renal oncocytoma. Hum Pathol 2005; 36:22-8. [PMID: 15712178 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2004.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Distinguishing renal oncocytoma from chromophobe and other renal carcinomas is essential, considering their differing biological potentials. Although renal oncocytoma is considered a benign tumor, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma has potentially malignant biological behavior. The numerous reported studies on distinguishing these 2 entities have been based on morphological, histochemical, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and cytogenetic features. But none of these features has proven to be reliably specific, especially in tumors with overlapping phenotypes. We report a novel immunohistochemical approach based on the expression of a recently described kidney-specific cadherin (Ksp-cadherin) for the differential diagnosis of these 2 tumors. We compared Ksp-cadherin expression in 212 renal tumors, including 102 clear cell renal carcinomas, 46 papillary renal cell carcinomas, 30 chromophobe carcinomas, 3 collecting duct carcinomas, and 31 oncocytomas. In addition, we examined the expression of epithelial membrane antigen, vimentin, CK7, and Hale's colloidal iron staining. We found that chromophobe renal cell carcinomas consistently (96.7% of cases) demonstrated a distinctive membrane pattern of Ksp-cadherin expression, whereas renal oncocytomas (3.2%), clear cell renal cell carcinomas (0%), papillary renal cell carcinomas (2.2%), and collecting duct carcinomas (0%) usually did not express Ksp-cadherin. CK7 expression was found in 90.0%, 6.5%, 7.8%, 76.1%, and 33.3% of these tumor cases, respectively. Whereas CK7 was detected in different types of renal cell carcinomas, Ksp-cadherin was expressed almost exclusively in chromophobe renal cell carcinomas. Immunohistochemical analysis of Ksp-cadherin offers a fast, reliable approach for the distinguishing between renal oncocytoma and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma that is applicable for routine pathology laboratory studies without the need for time-consuming and costly ancillary studies.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma/pathology
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/pathology
- Adenocarcinoma, Papillary/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma, Papillary/pathology
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/metabolism
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/pathology
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Blotting, Western
- Cadherins/biosynthesis
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Kidney Neoplasms/metabolism
- Kidney Neoplasms/pathology
- Middle Aged
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Mazal
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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