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Santos-Sousa AL, Kayahara GM, Bastos DB, Sarafim-Silva BAM, Crivelini MM, Valente VB, Corrente JE, Xavier-Júnior JCC, Miyahara GI, Bernabé DG. Expression of β 1- and β 2-adrenergic receptors in oral squamous cell carcinoma and their association with psychological and clinical factors. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 162:105939. [PMID: 38490087 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological stressors have been related to tumor progression through the activation of beta-adrenergic receptors (β-AR) in several types of cancer. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the expressions of β1- and β2-AR and their association with psychological and clinicopathological variables in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS Tumor samples from 99 patients diagnosed with OSCC were subjected to immunohistochemical reaction to detect the expression of β1-AR and β2-AR. Anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), respectively. The Brunel Mood Scale was used for measuring affective mood states. RESULTS Univariate analyzes revealed that higher expression of β1-AR was associated with increased alcohol consumption (p = 0.032), higher education (p = 0.042), worse sleep quality (p = 0.044) and increased levels of pain related to the primary tumor (p < 0.001). Higher expression of β2-AR was related with regional metastasis (p = 0.014), increased levels of pain related to the primary tumor (p = 0.044), anxiety (p < 0.001) and depressive (p = 0.010) symptoms and higher mood scores of angry (p = 0.010) and fatigue (p = 0.010). Multivariate analysis identified that patients with advanced clinical stage had lower β1-AR expression (OR=0.145, 95% CI=0.025-0.828, p = 0.003). Higher anxiety symptoms and higher mood fatigue are independent factors for increased β2-AR expression (OR=4256, 95% CI=1439-12606, p = 0.009; OR=3816, 95% CI=1258-11,573, p = 0.018, respectively). CONCLUSION This study reveal that anxiety, fatigue symptoms, and clinical staging are associated with tumor expression of beta-adrenergic receptors in patients with oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lívia Santos-Sousa
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giseli Mitsuy Kayahara
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Brito Bastos
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Amélia Moreira Sarafim-Silva
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Macedo Crivelini
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vítor Bonetti Valente
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Corrente
- Research Support Office, Botucatu Medical School (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Glauco Issamu Miyahara
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Galera Bernabé
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Ehrencrona C, Li Y, Angenete E, Haglind E, Franzén S, Grimby-Ekman A, Bock D. Do beta-blockers reduce negative intrusive thoughts and anxiety in cancer survivors? - An emulated trial. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:447. [PMID: 38605350 PMCID: PMC11007941 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12236-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High rates of negative intrusive thoughts have been reported among cancer patients. Prevalent users of beta-blocker therapy have reported lower levels of cancer related intrusive thoughts than non-user. The aim of this study is to investigate if initiation of beta-blocker therapy reduces the prevalence and severity of intrusive thoughts (co-primary endpoints) and the prevalence of anxiety, depressed mood, and low quality of life (secondary endpoints) in cancer survivors. METHODS Data on patient-reported outcomes from three cohort studies of Swedish patients diagnosed with colon, prostate or rectal cancer were combined with data on beta-blocker prescriptions retrieved from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. Two randomized controlled trials were emulated. Trial 1 had follow-up 1 year after diagnosis, trial 2 had follow-up 2 years after diagnosis, baseline in both trials was 12 months before follow-up. Those who initiated beta-blocker therapy between baseline and follow-up was assigned Active group, those who did not was assigned Control group. All endpoints were analysed using Bayesian ordered logistic regression. RESULTS Trial 1 consisted of Active group, n = 59, and Control group, n = 3936. Trial 2 consisted of Active group, n = 87, and Control group, n = 3132. The majority of participants were men, 83% in trial 1 and 94% in trial 2. The prevalence and severity of intrusive thoughts were lower in the Active group in trial 1, but no significant differences between groups were found in either trial. The prevalence of depressed mood, worse quality of life and periods of anxiety were higher in the Active group in both trials with significant differences for quality of life in trial 1 and anxiety in trial 2. CONCLUSIONS The emulated trials demonstrated no evidence of a protective effect of beta-blocker therapy against intrusive thoughts. The Active group had reduced quality of life and elevated anxiety compared to the Control group. TRIAL REGISTRATION The three cohort studies were registered at isrctn.com/clinicaltrials.gov (ISRCTN06393679, NCT02530593 and NCT01477229).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ehrencrona
- Department of Surgery, SSORG - Scandinavian Surgical Outcomes Research Group, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Surgery, SSORG - Scandinavian Surgical Outcomes Research Group, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Angenete
- Department of Surgery, SSORG - Scandinavian Surgical Outcomes Research Group, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Haglind
- Department of Surgery, SSORG - Scandinavian Surgical Outcomes Research Group, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefan Franzén
- Medical & Payer Evidence Statistics, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Grimby-Ekman
- Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David Bock
- Department of Surgery, SSORG - Scandinavian Surgical Outcomes Research Group, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Early Biometrics and Statistical Innovation, Data Science & AI, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
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de Jarnette J. Climate Change Psychological Distress: An Underdiagnosed Cause of Mental Health Disturbances. J Am Board Fam Med 2024; 37:11-14. [PMID: 38448240 DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2023.230169r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of climate change research and policy centers around the physical health effects of planetary degradation. The mental health impacts of climate change are just now starting to be elucidated and discussed more commonly among mental health providers and policymakers. There is a huge area of opportunity in primary care to discuss and address climate anxiety in patients, many of whom may not be forthcoming in discussing how climate anxiety is contributing to their mental health.
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McKechnie AC, Elgersma KM, Ambrose MB, Sanchez Mejia AA, Shah KM, Iwaszko Wagner T, Trebilcock A, Hallock C. Nurse-guided Mobile Health Care Program to Reduce Emotional Distress Experienced by Parents of Infants Prenatally Diagnosed with Critical Congenital Heart Disease: A Pilot Study. Prog Pediatr Cardiol 2024; 72:101687. [PMID: 38130374 PMCID: PMC10732467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ppedcard.2023.101687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Following prenatal diagnosis of critical congenital heart disease (CCHD), parents encounter emotional distress while facing caregiving challenges. Supportive psycho-educational interventions using mobile health (mHealth) can make care more accessible. Objectives We tested a novel nurse-guided mHealth care program, Preparing Heart and Mind™ (PHM™), with the objectives of examining feasibility and estimating the effect of the intervention on parents' emotional distress. Methods This pilot study design randomized participants using a 2:1 intervention to control ratio. Analysis involved description of retention, and intervention attendance and engagement, and adjusted linear mixed models to estimate group differences in depressive (CES-D), anxiety (STAI-S), and traumatic stress (IES-r) symptoms. Results The sample included 55 parents (n=38 PHM™ group, n=17 control). Complete retention of 37 (67%) parents included 29 (76%) in the PHM™ group and 8 (47%) control. Most attrition was due to infant death (7 parents), transplant referral (2 parents), or postnatal diagnostic ineligibility (4 parents). For the PHM™ group, ≥96% of parents attended pre- and postnatal sessions and most (65%) messaged with the nurse. mHealth engagement was highest prenatally, with handling uncertainty the most viewed topic (average 94% pages viewed). In linear mixed models analyses, the PHM™ group had on average 4.84 points lower depression (95% CI: -10.68-1.04), 6.56 points lower anxiety (-14.04-0.92), and 6.28 points lower trauma (-14.44-1.88) scores by study end. Conclusion Findings suggest that a nurse-guided mHealth approach is feasible and may contribute to a clinically important reduction in parents' emotional distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Chevalier McKechnie
- University of Minnesota School of Nursing, Child and Family Health Cooperative, 6-138D Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kristin M Elgersma
- University of Minnesota School of Nursing, Child and Family Health Cooperative, 6-138D Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Matthew B Ambrose
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
- M Health Fairview Maternal and Fetal Medicine Center, 606 24th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55454
| | - Aura A Sanchez Mejia
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
- Texas Children's Hospital Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 6651 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Kavisha M Shah
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
- M Health Fairview Maternal and Fetal Medicine Center, 606 24th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55454
| | - Taylor Iwaszko Wagner
- University of Minnesota School of Nursing, Child and Family Health Cooperative, 6-138D Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Anna Trebilcock
- University of Minnesota School of Nursing, Child and Family Health Cooperative, 6-138D Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Carrie Hallock
- GetWell, 7700 Old Georgetown Rd., 4th Floor, Bethesda, MD 20814
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Gumikiriza-Onoria JL, Nakigudde J, Giordani B, Mayega RW, Sajatovic M, Mukasa MK, Buwembo D, Lwere K, Nakasujja N. Psychological Distress among family caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias in Uganda. Res Sq 2024:rs.3.rs-3918857. [PMID: 38410439 PMCID: PMC10896410 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3918857/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) present growing global health challenges, especially in aging populations such as Uganda. In Uganda, familial caregiving, predominantly undertaken by female relatives, is the primary form of support for patients with ADRD. Cultural stigma around dementia and limited access to support services amplify caregivers' challenges. This study examined psychological distress, depression, and quality of life (QoL) among family caregivers of patients with ADRD in Wakiso District, Uganda. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 90 caregivers from three sub-counties in Wakiso selected through purposive sampling to capture diverse experiences. Data were collected using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, Caregiver Dementia Quality of Life Measurement Scale, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, with an 80% response rate achieved through local collaboration. Statistical analyses focused on psychological distress, QoL, and depression. Results The study included 82.2% females and 17.8% males, with a median age of 52 years for females and 35 years, respectively. Females were more likely to be single or widowed, whereas males were more likely to be married. The study revealed a high prevalence of psychological distress and depression among caregivers (64.4%) regardless of sex. The analysis indicated that having children was a significant predictor of better QoL (OR 3.04, 95% CI 1.79-5.66, p=0.034) and lower risk of depression (OR 0.10, 95% CI 0.01-0.86, p=0.036). No other sociodemographic factor was significantly associated with health outcomes across the models. Conclusion Our findings revealed a heavy burden of psychological distress and depression among Ugandan caregivers of patients with ADRD, highlighting the need for structured support systems, including mental health services and gender-responsive interventions, in low-resource settings.
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O'Donnell N, Waller J, Marlow L, Anderson NC, McBride E. "Knowing that I had HPV, I literally just shut down": A qualitative exploration of the psychosocial impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) in women living with mental health conditions. Br J Health Psychol 2024; 29:80-94. [PMID: 37658582 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Psychological distress after testing positive for human papillomavirus (HPV) at cervical cancer screening is well documented in the general population. However, little is known about the impact of an HPV-positive result on those with pre-existing mental health conditions, who may be at higher risk of experiencing clinically significant distress. This study explored the psychosocial impact of HPV in women with co-morbid mental health conditions, as well as their experience of cervical screening during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 22 women aged 27-54 who had tested positive for HPV at routine cervical screening in England, and who reported having at least one mental health condition. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Being informed of an HPV-positive result increased distress and heightened pre-existing psychological challenges. Psychosocial response and duration of HPV-related distress appeared to be influenced by the ability to regulate emotions, number of consecutive HPV-positive results, interactions with health care professionals, and other life stressors. The experience added further complexity to many women's perceptions of self and self-esteem. Women who had received psychological treatment for their mental health condition were best able to self-manage HPV-related distress by applying learned coping skills. CONCLUSIONS Receiving an HPV-positive result at cervical screening appears to be a distressing experience for women with co-morbid mental health conditions. Future hypothesis-driven research is needed to confirm findings and develop effective interventions to reduce psychosocial burden.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jo Waller
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London (KCL), London, UK
| | - Laura Marlow
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London (KCL), London, UK
| | | | - Emily McBride
- Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London (KCL), London, UK
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Helmy M, Ebrahim AH, Faqeeh A, Engel E, Ashraf F, Isaac BA. Relationship Between Alexithymia, Smartphone Addiction, and Psychological Distress Among University Students: A Multi-country Study. Oman Med J 2024; 39:e593. [PMID: 38590451 PMCID: PMC10999754 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2024.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Increasing dependence on smartphones results in the appearance of psychological problems, especially among young people. This study aims to determine the rates of alexithymia and its relationship with smartphone addiction and psychological distress in university students. Methods A total of 2616 students (mean age = 22.5±3.5 years; 73.1% female) from universities in Egypt, Oman, and Pakistan were included in a cross-sectional and comparative study conducted through a web survey during the COVID-19 pandemic from October to December 2021. The following scales were used: Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), and Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV). The survey also included questions related to sociodemographic and smartphone usage patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Helmy
- Psychology Department, College of Education, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
- Psychology Department, Faculty of Arts, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H. Ebrahim
- Rehabilitation Department, Governmental Hospitals, Manama, Bahrain
- Graduate Studies and Research Department, Ahlia University, Manama, Bahrain
- Research and Studies Department, Bahrain Corporate Social Responsibility Society, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Aysha Faqeeh
- Research and Studies Department, Bahrain Corporate Social Responsibility Society, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Ethan Engel
- Computer Science Department, Ritchie School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Denver, Denver, USA
| | - Farzana Ashraf
- Department of Humanities, COMSATS University Islamabad (Lahore campus), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Buremoh Ayotunde Isaac
- Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Colón LT. Coloniality and Ethnic Variation in Psychological Distress Among US Latinx Immigrants. J Immigr Minor Health 2023; 25:1374-1381. [PMID: 37097412 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-023-01481-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
To address ethnic variation and potential cross-cultural measurement error in diagnostic criteria, this study extends on the racialized ethnicities framework to examine how Latinxs' self-reported psychological distress differ among ethnic groups. Utilizing data from the National Health Interview Survey, logistic regression models and partial proportional odds models assessed differences in likelihood of self-reporting frequent anxiety, depression, and psychological distress among Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Dominican, and Central and South American immigrants. Membership in Caribbean Latinx ethnic groups, and the Puerto Rican ethnic group in particular, was significantly associated with higher predicted probabilities of frequent anxious and depressive feelings, and severe psychological distress, relative to membership in non-Caribbean Latinx ethnic groups. This work highlights the need for research on Latinxs to disaggregate among ethnic groups, and proposes the existence of a gradient of exposure to the psychosocial consequences of US coloniality that might explain some of these variations.
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Fowler K. Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Canadian Adults: to what Extent Might Social Support Subdomains and Negative Social Interactions Predict Psychological Distress? Psychiatr Q 2023; 94:655-673. [PMID: 37768501 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10055-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) may involve persistent and unwarranted anxiety, fear, and rumination, combined with various somatic symptoms (e.g., fatigue, dizziness, muscle tension, and nausea) which may compel many to withdraw socially. While studies report an inverse relationship between social support and psychological distress among adults with GAD, those that assess the distinct influence of negative social relations, particularly by sex are limited. The primary aims of this study were to (a) assess and compare respondents with a lifetime of GAD in terms of levels of perceived social support (using the Social Provisions Scale - 10 Items (SPS-10) Scale), negative social interactions (using the Negative Social Interaction (NSI) Scale) and psychological distress (using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10)), and (b) determine whether SPS-10 subdomains and NSIs predict psychological distress. Compared with a matched sample without GAD, respondents with GAD were more likely to be single, divorced, and have lower incomes. Respondents with GAD also had lower overall SPS-10 scores, and lower scores for each subdomain (i.e., 'guidance', 'reliable alliance', 'reassurance of worth', 'attachment', and 'social integration'), and higher NSI and K10 scores. Although no difference in psychological distress was observed between men and women with GAD, men had lower SPS-10 scores (overall and for each subdomain), while women had higher NSIs scores. A subsequent hierarchical regression for respondents with GAD revealed that 'social integration' and 'reassurance of worth' predicted lower psychological distress, while higher NSI scores predicted higher psychological distress. Finding implications and future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Fowler
- Student Wellness and Counselling Centre, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
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Esquerda M, Garcia-Estañ J, Ruiz-Rosales A, Garcia-Abajo JM, Millan J. Academic climate and psychopathological symptomatology in Spanish medical students. BMC Med Educ 2023; 23:843. [PMID: 37936105 PMCID: PMC10631074 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04811-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medical Education studies suggest that medical students experience depression, anxiety and psychopathological symptomatology in a proportion higher than in the rest of the population. In the present study, we aimed to conduct a nationwide analysis to describe student's perceptions of Educational Climate in Spanish medical schools, and its relationship with psychopathological symptomatology. METHODS The study was carried out in 2022 in all 44 medical schools in Spain, and analyses the academic climate, and psychopathological symptomatology among medical students (n = 4374). To measure these variables, we used the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) for academic climate, and the SA-45 (Symptom Assessment-45 Questionnaire was used to assess psychopathological symptomatology. RESULTS The mean DREEM global score was low, 95.8 (SD 22.6). Worse perception of the academic climate has been found in females (t -2.21, p 0.027), in students of the clinical academic years (t 16.9, p < 0.001), and public medical schools ( t 15.6, p < 0.001). The SA45 general index score was high (p90) in 25.6% of participants. In respect of gender, female students presented higher levels of SA45 general index score, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, somatization, anxiety, obsession-compulsion, and phobic anxiety symptoms. Higher DREEM global and subscale scores corresponded to a higher SA-45 global index score and higher SA-45 subscale scores. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests a correlation between a poor perception of academic climate, increased depression, anxiety, and other psychopathological symptoms, with a pattern that varies between different faculties. The perception of academic climate varied between medical schools, as did the psychopathological symptoms scores. Our finding suggests the prevalence of these variables in medical students is, at least in part, attributable to factors directly related to the learning atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montse Esquerda
- Sociedad Española de Educación Médica (SEDEM), Madrid, Spain.
- Institut Borja de Bioética, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain.
- Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Joaquín Garcia-Estañ
- Sociedad Española de Educación Médica (SEDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Center of Studies On Medical Education, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Albert Ruiz-Rosales
- Consejo Español de Estudiantes de Medicina (CEEM), Madrid, Spain
- Medical Student at University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Miguel Garcia-Abajo
- Consejo Español de Estudiantes de Medicina (CEEM), Madrid, Spain
- Medical Student at the Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Millan
- Sociedad Española de Educación Médica (SEDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Mota M, Melo F, Henriques C, Matos A, Castelo-Branco M, Monteiro M, Cunha M, Reis Santos M. The relationship between acute pain and other types of suffering in pre-hospital trauma victims: An observational study. Int Emerg Nurs 2023; 71:101375. [PMID: 37913691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ienj.2023.101375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pain is an important complaint reported by trauma victims, however, the relationship between it and other types of discomfort, such as discomfort caused by cold, discomfort caused by immobilization, and psychological distress such as fear, anxiety, and sadness is limitedly studied and documented. AIM To assess the relationship between acute trauma pain and other types of suffering in pre-hospital trauma victims. METHODS This is a prospective multicentre cohort study conducted in Immediate Life Support Ambulances in Portugal. All adult trauma victims with a mechanism of blunt and penetrating injuries, falls, road accidents and explosions, were included. RESULTS 605 trauma victims were included, mainly male, with a mean age of 53.4 years. Before the intervention of the rescue teams, 90.5 % of the victims reported some level of pain, 39.0 % reported discomfort caused by cold, while 15.7 % felt fear, 8.4 % sadness, 49.8 % anxiety and 4.5 % apathy. Victims with high discomfort caused by cold tend to have higher pain levels. Significantly higher pain intensity were observed in victims with fear and anxiety. Univariate and multivariate analysis indicates that immobilization is associated with increased pain levels. CONCLUSIONS There is a statistically significant relationship between acute trauma pain, anxiety, fear, cold and immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Mota
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Health School of the Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Portugal; UICISA: E/ESEnfC - Cluster at the Health School of Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal; CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Academic Clinical Centre of Beira, Portugal.
| | - Filipe Melo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Active Ageing Competence Centre, Portugal
| | - Carla Henriques
- Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Portugal; Centre for Mathematics of the University of Coimbra - CMUC, Portugal; CISeD - Research Centre in Digital Services, Instituto Politécnico de Viseu, Portugal
| | - Ana Matos
- Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Portugal; Centre for Mathematics of the University of Coimbra - CMUC, Portugal; CISeD - Research Centre in Digital Services, Instituto Politécnico de Viseu, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- Academic Clinical Centre of Beira, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; UBI-Health Sciencies Reserarch Centre, Portugal; University Hospital Centre of Cova da Beira, Portugal
| | | | - Madalena Cunha
- Health School of the Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Portugal; UICISA: E/ESEnfC - Cluster at the Health School of Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal; Academic Clinical Centre of Beira, Portugal
| | - Margarida Reis Santos
- CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Nursing School of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Kim H, Ji W, Lee JW, Jo MW, Yun SC, Lee SW, Choi CM, Lee GD, Lee HJ, Cho E, Lee Y, Chung S. Cancer-Related Dysfunctional Beliefs About Sleep Mediate the Influence of Sleep Disturbance on Fear of Progression Among Patients With Surgically Resected Lung Cancer. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e236. [PMID: 37550804 PMCID: PMC10412036 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is associated with significant psychological distress, including fear of progression (FoP). Because insomnia and depression are highly prevalent and associated with FoP, we examined the association between FoP, insomnia, and depression in cancer patients. Furthermore, we tested the mediation effect of cancer-related dysfunctional beliefs about sleep (C-DBS) on this association. METHODS We analyzed data collected from patients with surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer from a single-center randomized controlled study investigating digital healthcare applications. Baseline demographic and clinical variables were collected. In addition, self-reported questionnaires including the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form, Patients Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9), Insomnia Severity Index, and C-DBS were administered. RESULTS Among the 320 enrolled patients with lung cancer, a regression model showed that FoP was predicted by age (β = -0.13, P = 0.007), PHQ-9 (β = 0.35, P < 0.001), and C-DBS (β = 0.28, P < 0.001). Insomnia did not directly influence FoP, but C-DBS mediated the association. Depression directly influenced FoP, but C-DBS did not mediate this association. CONCLUSION Among patients with surgically resected lung cancer, C-DBS mediated the effects of severity of insomnia on FoP. Depression directly influenced FoP, but C-DBS did not influence this association. To reduce FoP among patients with lung cancer, C-DBS should be addressed in the cognitive behavioral therapy module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonjun Ji
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Won Lee
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Woo Jo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Chol Yun
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sei Won Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Min Choi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geun Dong Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hui Jeong Lee
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eulah Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yura Lee
- Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Seockhoon Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Sangsefidi N, Jamali J, Rahimi Z, Kazemi A. Examination of Behavioural Patterns of Psychological Distress and Evaluation of Related Factors: A latent class regression. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2023; 23:311-319. [PMID: 37655085 PMCID: PMC10467542 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.12.2022.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to identify the behavioural pattern of psychological distress (PD) in the population of 18 to 65 years old people in Mashhad, Iran, using latent class regression and evaluate the related factors. PD is a unique emotional state with suffering in response to a stressor or specific need that leads to temporary or permanent impacts. Due to its negative effects on several features of life like the quality of life, health, performance and productivity of individuals, PD and its consequences are considered a public health priority. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed on 425,286 individuals aged 18 to 65, who were referred to health centres in Mashhad, northeastern Iran in the first half of 2018. The information required for this study, including a checklist of demographic information and the six-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-6), was obtained from the Sina System. Results Latent class regression identified three latent patterns of PD in answering the questions of the K-6 questionnaire, including severe PD (14%), low PD distress (40%) and no PD (46%). Statistical variables of this study due to the results are considered as the following: women, illiterate people, unemployed and divorced people, individuals aged between 50 and 59 years and people with low weight were more likely to be in the severe PD class than in the no PD class. Conclusion Although a small percentage of people were classified as severely disturbed, the findings showed a high rate of symptoms of distress and sadness even in the no PD class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Sangsefidi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jamshid Jamali
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Rahimi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ana Kazemi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
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Sherrard A, Tan CC. Coparenting: Associations with parents' psychological distress and children's food approach behavior. Appetite 2023; 187:106580. [PMID: 37120070 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Parents' psychological distress has been associated with their children's obesogenic eating yet less is known about how coparenting moderates this relationship. The aim of the current research was 1) to examine how coparenting (general and feeding) moderates the associations between parents' psychological distress and children's food approach behavior after accounting for parents' coercive control food parenting and 2) to examine whether feeding coparenting interacted with psychological distress to predict children's food approach behavior above and beyond general coparenting. Parents (n = 216; Mage = 36.28 years, SD = 6.12) of 3- to 5- year old children completed an online survey. Analyses revealed that undermining coparenting and feeding coparenting (but not supportive coparenting) moderated the association between parents' psychological distress and children's food approach behavior. Additionally, analyses revealed that feeding coparenting interacted with psychological distress to predict children's food approach behavior above and beyond general coparenting. These findings suggest that less optimal coparenting relationships, particularly feeding coparenting, may exacerbate the influence of parents' psychological distress on obesogenic eating behaviors in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelyn Sherrard
- Department of Psychology, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA.
| | - Cin Cin Tan
- Department of Psychology, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
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15
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URISTEMOVA ASSEM, MYSSAYEV AYAN, MEIRMANOV SERIK, MIGINA LYUDMILA, PAK LAURA, BAIBUSSINOVA ASSEL. Prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety, and stress among academic medicine faculty in Kazakhstan: a Cross-sectional Study. J Prev Med Hyg 2023; 64:E215-E225. [PMID: 37654854 PMCID: PMC10468191 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2023.64.2.2932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Psychological distress refers to a set of painful mental and physical symptoms of anxiety and depression, which often coexist and coincide with common somatic complaints and chronic conditions. In Kazakhstan, mental disorders are the second leading cause of years lived with disability. Currently, medical education in Kazakhstan is undergoing comprehensive reform, which creates an additional burden on faculty, fostering mental health concerns. Methods A quantitative observational cross-sectional study was conducted in 6 large medical universities in Kazakhstan. Data were obtained from 715 faculty academics by using an online self-reported DASS-21. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS version 20.0. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to evaluate the relationship between predictor and outcome variables. Results The total prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 40.6%, 41.3%, and 53.0%, respectively. Younger age (p = 0.002), female gender (p = 0.001), being single (p = 0.044) or in a relationship (p = 0.001), having chronic diseases (p < 0.001), holding Master (p = 0.036) or PhD degree (p = 0.040), employment status (p = 0.034), and being involved in additional activities (p = 0.049) were significantly associated with different dimensions of distress. Conclusions Nearly half of the study population reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Due to the higher prevalence of psychological distress amongst academic medicine faculty, determined risk factors must be taken into consideration in developing policies for mental issues prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- ASSEM URISTEMOVA
- Department of Public Health, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - AYAN MYSSAYEV
- Department of Science and Human Resources, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - SERIK MEIRMANOV
- College of Asia Pacific Studies, Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University, Beppu, Japan
| | - LYUDMILA MIGINA
- Department of Public Health, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - LAURA PAK
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - ASSEL BAIBUSSINOVA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
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16
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dos Santos G, Lima-Silva TB. Social distancing, emotional suffering, and cognitive performance in mature and older adults: a literature review. Dement Neuropsychol 2023; 17:e20220032. [PMID: 37223835 PMCID: PMC10202326 DOI: 10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2022-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Variables related to social distancing can have negative effects on the emotional well-being and cognition of adults and the elderly. Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the available studies that address the relationship between situations of social distancing, socioemotional aspects, and cognition in the lives of mature and older adults. Methods A literature review study was carried out between December 2021 and January 2022, involving the SciELO, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases, with studies published between February 2018 and December 2021. Results A total of 754 studies were identified, and after selection, 18 were included. Notably, 16 showed significant effects of social distancing on cognition and socioemotional aspects, that is, the greater the social distancing, the lower the capacity for cognitive performance and the higher the index of symptoms of depression and anxiety, for example. Conclusions Greater engagement in social activities and a closer contact with friends and family are protective factors against symptoms of depression and anxiety and cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela dos Santos
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Artes, Ciências e
Humanidades, Departamento de Gerontologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Bento Lima-Silva
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Artes, Ciências e
Humanidades, Departamento de Gerontologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das
Clínicas, Grupo de Neurologia Cognitiva e Comportamental, São Paulo SP,
Brazil
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17
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Mirzaasgari H, Momeni F, Pourshahbaz A, Keshavarzi F, Hatami M. The Role of Psychological Distress in the Relationship between Personality Dimensions and Pregnancy Outcome of Women Undergoing Assisted Reproductive Treatment (IVF/ICSI). Iran J Psychiatry 2023; 18:153-164. [PMID: 37383963 PMCID: PMC10293695 DOI: 10.18502/ijps.v18i2.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the role played by psychological distress in the relation between personality dimensions and pregnancy outcome of women undergoing in vitro fertilization/Intra-Cytoplasmic Injections (IVF/ICSI) treatment. Method : This prospective cohort study was conducted for 12 months on 154 infertile women who were receiving IVF/ICSI assisted reproductive treatment for the first time. Research instruments for measuring psychological distress included the Fertility Problem Inventory (FPI) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). One of these was completed prior to ovarian stimulation and the other during the embryo transfer stage. The temperament and Character Inventory-Revised (TCI-R 125) was employed once to assess personality dimensions prior to the ovarian stimulation stage. Independent t-test, Mann Whitney test, Repeated Measures and path analysis were performed for statistical analysis of data. Results: The results of this study showed no significant difference between the pregnant and non-pregnant groups in personality traits (Harm avoidance and self-directness) and psychological distress (FPI and DASS scores). Repeated measures showed a significant difference in stress, anxiety, and depression levels between the two stages of ovarian stimulation and embryo transfer (P < 0.01). Path analysis showed no significant direct and indirect effect for harm avoidance on the pregnancy outcome when psychological distress was mediated. Conclusion: The effect of psychological factors on IVF outcomes is more complicated than is generally assumed and more studies are mandatory to clarify the relationship between personality traits and infertility treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosna Mirzaasgari
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Behavioral Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshte Momeni
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Behavioral Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Pourshahbaz
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Behavioral Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Keshavarzi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Motazedi Infertility Research and treatment Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoud Hatami
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Merten N, Schultz AA, Walsh MC, van Landingham SW, Peppard PE, Ryff CDS, Malecki KC. Psychological distress and well-being among sensory impaired individuals during COVID-19 lockdown measures. Ann Epidemiol 2023; 79:19-23. [PMID: 36639063 PMCID: PMC9829601 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hearing and vision impairment are prevalent chronic conditions associated with poorer mental health. Limitations of in-person contacts during COVID-19-related lockdown measures may affect those with sensory impairments more severely exacerbating mental health problems. We aimed to determine whether hearing and/or visual impairment were associated with more psychological distress during a time of lockdown measures in Spring/Summer 2020 in Wisconsin. METHODS We included 1341(64% women, aged 20-92 years) Survey of the Health of Wisconsin COVID-19 survey participants (May 2020-July,2020). We assessed self-reported current mental health and well-being and vision and hearing impairment. Logistic regression models with sensory impairments as determinants and mental health outcomes were adjusted for age, gender, race, education, heart disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. RESULTS Vision impairment was associated with increased odds of generalized anxiety disorder (odds ratio = 2.10; 95% confidence interval = 1.32-3.29) and depressive symptoms (2.57;1.58-4.11), greater likelihood to report loneliness (1.65;1.00-2.64) and hopelessness (1.45;1.01-2.08). Hearing impaired individuals reported more loneliness (1.80;1.05-2.98) and hopelessness (1.42;0.99-2.03). Exploratory analyses revealed that sensory impaired individuals less often chose walking as a coping strategy during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with sensory impairment may represent a particularly vulnerable population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future research should determine underlying reasons and interventions to mitigate this populations' disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Merten
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI; Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.
| | - Amy A Schultz
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Matthew C Walsh
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Suzanne W van Landingham
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Paul E Peppard
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Carol D S Ryff
- Institute on Aging/Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Kristen C Malecki
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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Zimba O, Gasparyan AY. Refugee Health: A Global and Multidisciplinary Challenge. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e60. [PMID: 36786089 PMCID: PMC9925328 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing war and evolving humanitarian crisis in Ukraine have forced millions of women, children, and elderly people to flee the war zones and relocate across Poland, other European countries, and elsewhere in the world. As a result, numerous health issues have emerged in the host countries, ranging from the refugees' low immunization coverage to psychological distress and multimorbidities. Humanitarian support and multidisciplinary approach to the issues may help to improve the refugees' health and well-being. Involving relocated medics in rehabilitation and medical care of their compatriots may offer psychosocial and health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Zimba
- Department of Clinical Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
- National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine N2, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine.
| | - Armen Yuri Gasparyan
- Departments of Rheumatology and Research and Development, Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust (Teaching Trust of the University of Birmingham, UK), Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley, UK
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Maddock A, Best P, Ean N, Armour C, Ramstrand N. Rates and correlates of psychological distress and PTSD among persons with physical disabilities in Cambodia. Int J Equity Health 2023; 22:30. [PMID: 36765360 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-023-01842-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared to the general population, persons with disabilities are at increased risk of poor mental health. The aim of this study was to determine the rates and correlates of psychological distress and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among persons with physical disabilities in Cambodia. METHODS From July to December 2021 data were collected as part of a mental health screening programme for persons with physical disabilities who access prosthetic and orthotic services. Psychological distress was measured using the Kessler-10 (K-10) and PTSD using the PC-PTSD-5. Bivariate and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with levels of psychological distress and PTSD among this population. RESULTS Our study found a high prevalence of psychological distress and PTSD in this patient cohort. Of the 213 participants, 31.5% were likely to be experiencing mild to moderate psychological distress indicative of a mental health disorder, with 13.6% likely to have a severe mental health disorder. Sixty-five percent of patients reported experiencing PTSD symptoms, with forty-six percent meeting the criteria for probable PTSD. Psychological distress was associated with pathological worry, rumination, and facets of mindfulness. Rumination and pathological worry were found to be significant predictors of psychological distress. PTSD symptoms were associated with pathological worry but not facets of mindfulness or rumination. Facets of mindfulness and pathological worry were found to be significant predictors of PTSD. CONCLUSION Integration of mental health services within the disability sector is required to address psychological distress and PTSD symptoms among people with physical disabilities in Cambodia. Health system interventions, such as screening, referral, and the training of health providers, need to be strengthened. Further studies focussing on the psychosocial determinants of mental health of persons with disabilities in Cambodia are required.
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Kang J, Yoo YS. [Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Ischemic Stroke Distress Scale (ISDS)]. J Korean Acad Nurs 2023; 53:12-27. [PMID: 36898682 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.22090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to develop a scale to measure distress in patients with ischemic stroke and verify its validity and reliability. METHODS Preliminary items were developed from literature review and in-depth interviews. The final preliminary scale was confirmed through a content validity test of eight experts and a preliminary survey of 10 stroke patients. The participants for psychometric testing were 305 stroke patients in the outpatient clinic. Validity and reliability analyses included item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, known-group validity, and internal consistency of the scale. RESULTS The final scale consisted of 17 items and 3 factors. The three distinct factors were 'self-deprecation, worry about future health, and withdrawal from society' and this structure was validated using a confirmatory factor analysis. Convergent validity was supported by comparison with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (r = .54, p < .001) and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (r = .67, p < .001). Known-groups validity was verified by dividing groups according to 'duration since diagnosis' (t = 2.65, p = .009), 'presence of sequela' (t = 10.16, p < .001), and 'awareness of distress' (t = 12.09, p < .001). The internal consistency of the scale using Cronbach's α for the total items was .93. CONCLUSION The Ischemic Stroke Distress Scale is a valid and reliable tool that reflects stroke distress effectively. It is expected to be used as a basic tool to develop various intervention strategies to reduce distress in ischemic stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaejin Kang
- Neuro Intensive Care Unit, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul Saint Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang-Sook Yoo
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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22
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Cunha O, Caridade S, de Castro Rodrigues A, Cruz AR, Peixoto MM. Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence and COVID-19-Related Anxiety During the Second Lockdown in Portugal: The Mediating Role of Anxiety, Depression, and Stress. J Fam Violence 2023:1-12. [PMID: 36714808 PMCID: PMC9873397 DOI: 10.1007/s10896-023-00498-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The restrictions imposed during lockdown by COVID-19 pandemic entailed increased risks for the perpetration of intimate partner violence (IPV). Widespread fear and uncertainty related to the virus and the policies adopted to contain it have been linked to a set of social, emotional, and economic stressors that can increase the risk of IPV. The present study aims to assess the association between COVID-19-related anxiety, psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress), and IPV perpetration in the community, as well as to assess the mediating role of psychological distress and depression, anxiety, and stress in the relationship between COVID-19-related anxiety and the perpetration of IPV. Methods A sample of 336 participants (282 females, Mage = 34.91, SD = 11.72) was recruited from the Portuguese population through an online self-report questionnaire, completed after the second lockdown (from April and July 2021). Results High rates of IPV perpetration during the confinement, in particular psychological and physical IPV, were found. COVID-19-related anxiety and psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress) were related to higher levels of IPV perpetration. Psychological distress and stress mediated the relationship between COVID-19-related anxiety and total IPV perpetration and psychological distress and depression mediated the relationship between COVID-19-related anxiety and psychological IPV perpetration. Conclusions This study highlights the mediating role of psychological distress on IPV perpetration. Practical implications for intervention policies in IPV perpetration will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Cunha
- Faculty of Psychology, Education, and Sports, Hei Lab, Lusófona University, Rua Augusto Rosa, 24, 4000-098 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sónia Caridade
- Psychology Research Centre, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Sunderland M, Matthews C, Waterhouse D, Shetty S, Morton RP. Unmet needs, quality of life and psychological distress: insights regarding head and neck cancer patients in a rural setting. J Laryngol Otol 2023; 137:89-95. [PMID: 36128616 DOI: 10.1017/S0022215121001699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the perceived quality of life, unmet needs and psychological distress in patients with head and neck cancer in a rural setting in New Zealand. METHOD Patients presenting with head and neck cancer in Northland, New Zealand, were asked to complete questionnaires on quality of life, unmet needs, and anxiety or depression together with a free-text option. RESULTS About one quarter of respondents (27 per cent) scored high in the anxiety and depression scale, with corresponding diminished quality of life scores and increased needs. Over half of respondents (54 per cent) found it challenging to travel for treatment. Financial difficulties were encountered more frequently with indigenous patients. Rurality alone does not lead to significant differences in quality of life or needs. CONCLUSION After treatment for head and neck cancer, it is important to monitor and manage patients' psychological distress and ease of access to health services to improve quality of life.
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Koksoy S, Can B. The effect of psychological distresses caused by COVID19 in healthcare professionals on happiness. Pak J Med Sci 2023; 39:101-108. [PMID: 36694736 PMCID: PMC9843017 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.39.1.6448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective COVID-19 has been negatively affecting the world for a long time. This situation can trigger mental problems such as uncertainty, anxiety, stress and depression throughout the society. The aim of our study was to search the effect of the psychological distresses caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers (HCWs) on happiness. Methods This study was conducted as a descriptive and cross-sectional study in a medical school hospital in Isparta-Turkey and the data for it were collected between January and March 2022. Sociodemographic form, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), Covid-19 Related Psychological Distress Scale (CORPD) and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire Short Form (OHQ-SF) were used for the data collection. Results A total of 326 people, including 62(19%) physicians, 127(39%) nurses, 39(12%) officers and 98(30%) others, participated in the study. Between OHQ-SF and CAS, it was found to be r2=0.008, f=2.76 and p=0.098. Between OHQ-SF and CORPD, it was found to be r2=0.11, f=3.55 and p=0.06. Conclusion In the HCWs, it was found that CORPD was related with the variables of gender and get vaccinated, CAS was related with the variables of economic status, profession and get COVID-19, and OHQ-SF was related with economic and marital status. It was found that anxiety and psychological distress did not affect the level of happiness. It is recommended to follow up the negative effects of the pandemic, such as anxiety, fear on the future lives, professional functions, and family life of the HCW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Koksoy
- Serkan Koksoy, Assistant Professor Doctor, Health Science Faculty, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Belkis Can
- Belkıs Can, RN, Msc. Suleyman Demirel University, Medicine Faculty Hospital Application and Research Center, Isparta, Turkey. PhD Student. Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Aydin, Turkey
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Passias PG, Naessig S, Williamson TK, Tretiakov PS, Imbo B, Joujon-Roche R, Ahmad S, Passfall L, Owusu-Sarpong S, Krol O, Ahmad W, Pierce K, O'Connell B, Schoenfeld AJ, Vira S, Diebo BG, Lafage R, Lafage V, Cheongeun O, Gerling M, Dinizo M, Protopsaltis T, Campello M, Weiser S. The psychological burden of disease among patients undergoing cervical spine surgery: Are we underestimating our patients' inherent disability? Neurochirurgie 2023; 69:101395. [PMID: 36502878 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2022.101395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have utilized psychological questionnaires to identify the psychological distress among certain surgical populations. RESEARCH QUESTION Is there an additional psychological burden among patients undergoing surgical treatment for their symptomatic degenerative cervical disease? MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients>18 years of age with symptomatic, degenerative cervical spine disease were included and prospectively enrolled. Correlations and multivariable logistic regression analysis assessed the relationship between these mental health components (PCS, FABQ) and the severity of disability described by the NDI, EQ-5D, and mJOA score. Patient distress scores were compared to previously published benchmarks for other diagnoses. RESULTS 47 patients were enrolled (age: 56.0 years,BMI: 29.7kg/m2). Increasing neck disability and decreasing EQ-5D were correlated with greater PCS and FABQ(all P<0.001). Patients with severe psychological distress at baseline were more likely to report severe neck disability, while physician-reported mJOA had weaker associations. Compared to historical controls of lumbar patients, patients in our study had greater levels of psychological distress, as measured by FABQ (40.0 vs. 17.6; P<0.001) and PCS (27.4 vs. 19.3;P<0.001). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Degenerative cervical spine patients seeking surgery were found to have a significant level of psychological distress, with a large portion reporting severe fear avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing pain at baseline. Strong correlation was seen between patient-reported functional metrics, but less so with physician-reported signs and symptoms. Additionally, this population demonstrated higher psychological burden in certain respects than previously identified benchmarks of patients with other disorders. Preoperative treatment to help mitigate this distress, impact postoperative outcomes, and should be further investigated. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Passias
- Department of Orthopaedic and Neurological Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital/New York Spine Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - S Naessig
- Department of Orthopaedic and Neurological Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital/New York Spine Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - T K Williamson
- Department of Orthopaedic and Neurological Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital/New York Spine Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - P S Tretiakov
- Department of Orthopaedic and Neurological Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital/New York Spine Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - B Imbo
- Department of Orthopaedic and Neurological Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital/New York Spine Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - R Joujon-Roche
- Department of Orthopaedic and Neurological Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital/New York Spine Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Ahmad
- Department of Orthopaedic and Neurological Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital/New York Spine Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - L Passfall
- Department of Orthopaedic and Neurological Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital/New York Spine Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Owusu-Sarpong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - O Krol
- Department of Orthopaedic and Neurological Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital/New York Spine Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - W Ahmad
- Department of Orthopaedic and Neurological Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital/New York Spine Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - K Pierce
- Department of Orthopaedic and Neurological Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital/New York Spine Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - B O'Connell
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - A J Schoenfeld
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S Vira
- Department of Orthopedic and Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - B G Diebo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - R Lafage
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - V Lafage
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - O Cheongeun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Gerling
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Dinizo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - T Protopsaltis
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Campello
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Weiser
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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Dinger U, Morschek L, Stangl L, Israel D, Schopper A, Thanbichler E, Zumbaum-Fischer F, Hippchen T, Merle U, Tarbet K, Nikendei C. [Psychosomatic-psychotherapeutic support for Covid-19 patients in domestic quarantine: a content analysis of supportive telephone calls]. Z Psychosom Med Psychother 2022; 68:283-296. [PMID: 36221792 DOI: 10.13109/zptm.2022.68.3.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: During their domestic quarantine, Covid-19 patients face major physical, psychological and social challenges. The description of support needs and specific topics brought to supportive conversations will be used to add to the body of knowledge about stressors and resources. Methods: A total of 109 telephone conversations with 69 quarantined Corona patients were documented by psychotherapists and physicians at Heidelberg University Hospital from November 2020 to April 2021. Subsequently, clinical documentations were analyzed according to a qualitative content analysis. Results: Most physical complaints related to cardio-respiratory symptoms (29 %), previous illnesses (24 %), and exhaustion or fatigue (16 %). On the psychological level, patients reported mainly anxiety (31 %) and depressive symptoms (16 %). On a social level, patients described stress related to family (56 %), work (20 %), and time in quarantine (16 %). Social support, individual coping strategies, a positive prognosis on the course of the corona disease, psychotherapy, and satisfactory medical care were mentioned as relieving factors. Therapeutic interventions aimed at stabilization and consisted of psychoeducation, relaxation techniques, and general counseling. Conclusions: The study shows that physical complaints, psychological symptoms, and social factors are brought into telephone support conversations. The support offer met a high demand and was well accepted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Dinger
- Klinik für Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg Deutschland
- Klinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Fakultät, Heinrich- Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Deutschland
| | - Lorena Morschek
- Klinik für Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Laura Stangl
- Klinik für Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Dominik Israel
- Klinik für Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Alexander Schopper
- Klinik für Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Eric Thanbichler
- Klinik für Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg Deutschland
| | | | - Theresa Hippchen
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Uta Merle
- Klinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Fakultät, Heinrich- Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Deutschland
| | - Karin Tarbet
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Christoph Nikendei
- Klinik für Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg Deutschland
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Kim H, Cho IK, Lee D, Kim K, Lee J, Cho E, Park CHK, Chung S. Effect of Cancer-Related Dysfunctional Beliefs About Sleep on Fear of Cancer Progression in the Coronavirus Pandemic. J Korean Med Sci 2022; 37:e272. [PMID: 36123961 PMCID: PMC9485067 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore clinical correlates of fear of progression (FoP) among patients with cancer during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and examine the mediation effect of cancer-related dysfunctional beliefs about sleep (C-DBS). METHODS Medical charts of patients with cancer who visited a psycho-oncology clinic between July and November 2021 were reviewed. Baseline socio-demographic and cancer-related variables were collected. Patients' self-report questionnaires, regarding FoP, depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items; PHQ-9), viral anxiety (Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 items; SAVE-6), C-DBS, and other distress, were investigated. Pearson's correlation and linear regression were performed to examine the risk factors of FoP. Mediation effect analysis with the bootstrap method with 2,000 resamples was implemented. RESULTS A total of 231 patients were included in the analysis. Linear regression revealed that FoP was predicted by age (β = -0.14, P = 0.003), PHQ-9 (β = 0.48, P < 0.001), SAVE-6 (β = 0.34, P < 0.001), and C-DBS (β = 0.15, P = 0.005). FoP was directly influenced by SAVE-6 and mediated by C-DBS, while it was directly influenced by PHQ-9 with no mediation effect. CONCLUSION During the COVID-19 pandemic, the FoP of patients with cancer was associated with younger age, depression, viral anxiety, and C-DBS. Depression and viral anxiety directly influenced FoP, while C-DBS mediated the association between viral anxiety and FoP. Therefore, oncology healthcare professionals are recommended to assess C-DBS of their patients when they are highly distressed from FoP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Inn-Kyu Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Dongin Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Kyumin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Joohee Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Eulah Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Korea
| | - C Hyung Keun Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Korea
| | - Seockhoon Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Korea.
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Mohammadkhani S, Foroutan A, Akbari M, Shahbahrami M. Emotional Schemas and Psychological Distress: Mediating Role of Resilience and Cognitive Flexibility. Iran J Psychiatry 2022; 17:284-293. [PMID: 36474701 PMCID: PMC9699810 DOI: 10.18502/ijps.v17i3.9728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to explore the structural relation of emotional schemas with psychological distress and evaluate the mediating role of resilience and cognitive flexibility in this relationship. Method : Participants were 300 students that voluntarily completed a questionnaire package that included the Leahy Emotional Schema Scale (LESS-P), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Then, we utilized the LISREL software for structural equation modeling. Results: Structural equation modeling and path analysis revealed the direct effects of adaptive and maladaptive emotional schemas on psychological distress. The results indicated that maladaptive emotional schemas indirectly affected psychological distress via resilience and cognitive flexibility (P < 0.01). In contrast, adaptive emotional schemas indirectly affected psychological distress via cognitive flexibility rather than resilience (P < 0.05). Evaluation of the proposed structural model revealed an acceptable fit. Conclusion: The present research findings show the effect of emotional schemas on psychological distress via resilience and cognitive flexibility. Furthermore, the results suggest that resilience partially mediates the relationship between emotional schemas and psychological distress. At the same time, cognitive flexibility mediated this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Mohammadkhani
- Corresponding Author: Address: Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran, Postal Code: 1571914911. Tel: 98-21 86072738, Fax: 98-21 86072738,
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Parker S, Palsson O, Sanders DS, Simren M, Sperber AD, Törnblom H, Urwin H, Whitehead W, Aziz I. Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and Associated Health Impairment in Individuals with Celiac Disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 20:1315-1325.e4. [PMID: 34298190 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Individuals with celiac disease (CD) can experience persisting gastrointestinal symptoms despite adhering to a gluten-free diet (GFD). This may be due to functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), although there is little data on its prevalence and associated factors. METHODS An online health questionnaire was completed by adult members of Celiac UK in October 2018. The survey included validated questions on Rome IV FGIDs, nongastrointestinal somatic symptoms, anxiety, depression, quality of life, health care use, GFD duration, and its adherence using the celiac dietary adherence test score (with a value ≤ 13 indicating optimal adherence). The prevalence of FGIDs and associated health impairment in the celiac cohort was compared against an age- and sex-matched population-based control group. RESULTS Of the 863 individuals with CD (73% female; mean age, 61 years), all were taking a GFD for at least 1 year, with 96% declaring that they have been on the diet for 2 or more years (2-4 years, 20%; ≥5 years, 76%). The adherence to a GFD was deemed optimal in 61% (n = 523), with the remaining 39% (n = 340) nonadherent. Those adhering to a GFD fulfilled criteria for a FGID in approximately one-half of cases, although this was significantly lower than nonadherent subjects (51% vs 75%; odds ratio [OR], 2.0; P < .001). However, the prevalence of FGIDs in GFD-adherent subjects was significantly higher than in matched population-based controls (35%; OR, 2.0; P < .001). This was accounted for by functional bowel (46% vs 31%; OR, 1.9; P < .0001) and anorectal disorders (14.5% vs 9.3%; OR, 1.7; P = .02) but not functional esophageal (7.6% vs 6.1%; P = .36) or gastroduodenal disorders (8.7% vs 7.4%; P = .47). Finally, GFD-adherent subjects with FGIDs were significantly more likely than their counterparts without FGIDs to have abnormal levels of anxiety (5% vs 2%; OR, 2.8; P = .04), depression (7% vs 2%; OR, 3.6; P = .01), somatization (31% vs 8%; OR, 5.1; P < .0001), and reduced quality of life (P < .0001). CONCLUSION One in 2 people with CD, despite having been on a GFD for a number of years and demonstrating optimal adherence, have ongoing symptoms compatible with a Rome IV FGID. This is 2-fold the odds of FGIDs seen in age- and sex-matched controls. The presence of FGIDs is associated with significant health impairment, including psychological comorbidity. Addressing disorders of gut-brain interaction might improve outcomes in this specific group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Parker
- Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Olafur Palsson
- Center for Functional Gastrointestinal and Motility Disorders, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - David S Sanders
- Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Magnus Simren
- Center for Functional Gastrointestinal and Motility Disorders, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ami D Sperber
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Hans Törnblom
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Heidi Urwin
- Coeliac UK, High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom
| | - William Whitehead
- Center for Functional Gastrointestinal and Motility Disorders, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Imran Aziz
- Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
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Allen R, Kannangara C, Vyas M, Carson J. European university students' mental health during Covid-19: Exploring attitudes towards Covid-19 and governmental response. Curr Psychol 2022; 42:1-14. [PMID: 35194357 PMCID: PMC8831867 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02854-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The effects of Covid-19 have been felt worldwide and one population that are of increasing concern are university students. University students have endured unique and drastic changes to their everyday and academic lives. It is important to understand how university students in different parts of the world have been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic and how it has affected their mental health? A cross-sectional study was conducted during the first wave of Covid-19, in May 2020 with 2,006 university students from the UK, Italy, Germany and Spain. Participants were recruited online and were asked to complete a series of standardised measures of psychological distress, anxiety, flourishing and wellbeing. Attitudes towards Covid-19 were measured using a new scale. The factor structure and reliability of this new scale was confirmed using this European sample. Results indicated that all university students were suffering from poor mental health, considerably below pre-pandemic norms. There were many geographical differences in the way that university students perceived the Covid19 pandemic, in terms of their fears, anxieties, loneliness and positivity. There were also significant mental health comparisons between students from the UK, Italy, Germany and Spain. Student beliefs that their government had provided effective leadership during the Covid-19 pandemic were strongly related to numerous mental health outcomes. A picture of university students' mental health is provided and discussed. Geographical comparisons are discussed, as are the implications for practice and future directions. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-022-02854-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Allen
- University of Bolton, Deane Road, Bolton, Greater Manchester, BL3 5AB England UK
| | | | - Mahimna Vyas
- University of Bolton, Deane Road, Bolton, Greater Manchester, BL3 5AB England UK
| | - Jerome Carson
- University of Bolton, Deane Road, Bolton, Greater Manchester, BL3 5AB England UK
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Marleau J, Turgeon S, Turgeon J. The Kessler Abbreviated Psychological Distress Scale (K6) in Canadian population surveys : Report on psychometric assessment practices and analysis of the performance of several reliability coefficients. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2022; 70:17-24. [PMID: 35031185 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of Study 1 is to identify the psychometric assessment and reporting practices of authors who have analyzed data from the Kessler Abbreviated Psychological Distress Scale (K6), collected in Canadian population surveys. The goal of Study 2 is to compare the performance of six reliability coefficients estimated from K6 data. METHODS In Study 1, 71 publications using the K6 were reviewed and synthesized using an analysis grid. In Study 2, analyses were performed to compare the performance of the alpha coefficient to five other reliability coefficients using data from the 2009-2010 and 2013-2014 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS). Specifically, we estimated all six coefficient values, as well as their confidence intervals, regarding all respondents and respondent subgroups. RESULTS Out of the 71 publications identified in Study 1, only nine reported a reliability coefficient drawn from their own sample. Even though no condition essential to use of the alpha coefficient was mentioned, it was the only coefficient presented. In Study 2, the values of all the other coefficients were found to be higher than those of the alpha coefficient. Significant variations were found in some respondent subgroups. CONCLUSION Existing recommendations for the use of reliability coefficients are poorly implemented. It behooves authors to provide more information in their manuscripts, thereby enabling assessment of the psychometric qualities of the K6. The presentation of reliability coefficients for relevant subgroups and confidence intervals must also become standard practice, so that results can be more precisely interpreted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Marleau
- Direction de santé publique, Centre intégré de santé et de services sociaux de l'Outaouais, 104 rue Lois, Gatineau, Canada.
| | - S Turgeon
- Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie Université du Québec en Outaouais, 283 Boulevard Alexandre-Taché, Gatineau, Canada.
| | - J Turgeon
- Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Québec, 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, Canada.
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Adib-Rad H, Kheirkha F, Faramarzi M, Omidvar S, Basirat Z, Haji Ahmadi M. Primary Dysmenorrhea Associated with Psychological Distress in Medical Sciences Students in The North of Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Fertil Steril 2022; 16:224-229. [PMID: 36029061 PMCID: PMC9396007 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2022.542056.1216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary dysmenorrhea is the usual medical status in medical students that are defined as pain<br />during the menstrual period. This study was done to evaluate the psychological problems associated with dysmenorrhea.<br />Materials and Methods: Three hundred forty students aged 18 to 20 years participated in this cross‑sectional<br />study (194 with dysmenorrhea and 150 without dysmenorrhea). In this cross‑sectional study, data were collected<br />through the sociodemographic checklist, the verbal multidimensional scoring system (VMS), and the revised<br />version of the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90-R) questionnaire using the convenience sampling method. This<br />questionnaire includes 9 Subscale and a GSI index. We considered psychological distress to be equivalent to<br />the Global Severity İndex (GSI), which is obtained by dividing 90 questions by 90. The significance level of the<br />tests was considered 0.05.<br />Results: The GSI of the SCL-90 score in the 194 students with dysmenorrhea and 150 students without dysmenorrhea<br />was 1.02 ± 0.42 and 0.34 ± 0.15 respectively (P<0.001). In the group with dysmenorrhea, the severity<br />of dysmenorrhea was significantly associated with a family history of dysmenorrhea and mother's education<br />(P=0.012 and P=0.037, respectively). The strongest predictors of GSI>1 were a family history of dysmenorrhea<br />and mother's education [odds ratio (OR)=2.33, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.43-4.15 and OR=0.45, 95% CI,<br />0.24-0.87, respectively].<br />Conclusion: According to the result, dysmenorrhea is associated with psychological distress. Psychological interventions<br />and counseling in addition to drug treatment are suggested for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.<br />Therefore, it is necessary to formulate strategies and health policies to recover psychological issues of menstrual<br />health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Adib-Rad
- Infertility and Health Reproductive Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Farzan Kheirkha
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mahbobeh Faramarzi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran ,Social Determinants of Health Research CenterHealth Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
| | - Shabnam Omidvar
- Infertility and Health Reproductive Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zahra Basirat
- Infertility and Health Reproductive Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Haji Ahmadi
- Non-Communicable Pediatric Disease Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran ,Social Determinants of Health Research CenterHealth Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
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Abstract
We formulate a MIDUS longitudinal data-based multi-population LISREL model to gauge variation among Black and White Americans in the reciprocal relationship across time between perceived major and everyday discrimination, and psychological distress. Two hypotheses building on prior theory and empirical findings are generated: reciprocity between perceived discrimination and distress, and stronger reciprocity among Blacks. Here, "reciprocity" denotes positive effects of perceived discrimination and mental health problems such as distress on each other across time. Both hypotheses are supported for relationships between perceived everyday discrimination and distress. The model controls for several potentially relevant variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Oates
- Department of Sociology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA
| | - Alfred DeMaris
- Department of Sociology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA
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Lee H, Singh GK. Contributions of Socioeconomic, Demographic, and Behavioral Risk Factors to All-Cause Mortality Disparities by Psychological Distress in the United States: A Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition Analysis of Longitudinal Data. Int J MCH AIDS 2022; 11:e533. [PMID: 35601679 PMCID: PMC9005888 DOI: 10.21106/ijma.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has shown a significant association between psychological distress (PD) and all-cause mortality. However, there is a dearth of studies quantifying the contributions of sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics to group differences in mortality. In this study, we identify factors of mortality differences by PD. METHODS The Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analysis was used to quantify the contributions of individual sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics to the observed mortality differences between United States (US) adults with no PD and those with serious psychological distress (SPD), using the pooled data from the 1997-2014 National Health Interview Survey prospectively linked to the 1997-2015 National Death Index (N = 263,825). RESULTS Low educational level, low household income, and high proportions of current smokers, renters, former drinkers, and adults experiencing marital dissolution contributed to high all-cause mortality among adults with SPD. The relative percentage of all-cause mortality disparity explained by socioeconomic and demographic factors was 38.86%. Approximately 47% of the mortality disparity was attributed to both sociodemographic and behavioral risk factors. Lower educational level (21.13%) was the top contributor to higher all-cause mortality among adults with SPD, followed by smoking status (13.51%), poverty status (11.77%), housing tenure (5.11%), alcohol consumption (4.82%), marital status (3.61%), and nativity/immigrant status (1.95%). Age, sex, and body mass index alleviated all-cause mortality risk among adults with SPD. CONCLUSIONS AND GLOBAL HEALTH IMPLICATIONS Improved education and higher income levels, and reduced smoking among US adults with SPD might eliminate around half of the all-cause mortality disparity by SPD. Such a policy strategy might lead to reductions in mental health disparities and adverse health impacts both in the US and globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjung Lee
- Department of Public Policy and Public Affairs, John McCormack Graduate School of Policy and Global Studies, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 William T Morrissey Blvd. Boston, MA 02125, United States
| | - Gopal K Singh
- The Center for Global Health and Health Policy, Global Health and Education Projects, Inc., Riverdale, MD 20738, United States
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Lee HA, Ahn MH, Byun S, Lee HK, Kweon YS, Chung S, Shin YW, Lee KU. How COVID-19 Affected Healthcare Workers in the Hospital Locked Down due to Early COVID-19 Cases in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2021; 36:e325. [PMID: 34873888 PMCID: PMC8648608 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The healthcare workers (HCWs) were exposed to never-experienced psychological distress during the early stage of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the mental health of HCWs during the hospital lockdown period due to mass healthcare-associated infection during the early spread of COVID-19. METHODS A real-time online survey was conducted between April 14-18, 2020 among HCWs who worked at the university hospital where COVID-19 was confirmed in a patient, and the hospital was shut down for 3 weeks. Along with demographic variables and work-related information, psychological distress was measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey scale, and the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9. RESULTS The HCWs working in the cohort ward and those who have experienced social discrimination had significantly higher level of depression (PHQ-9 score; 5.24 ± 4.48 vs. 4.15 ± 4.38; P < 0.01 and 5.89 ± 4.78 vs. 3.25 ± 3.77; P < 0.001, respectively) and anxiety (GAD-7 score; 3.69 ± 3.68 vs. 2.87 ± 3.73; P < 0.05 and 4.20 ± 4.22 vs. 2.17 ± 3.06; P < 0.001, respectively) compared to other HCWs. Worries regarding the peer relationship and the skepticism about job were associated with depression (odds ratio [OR], 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.79; P < 0.05 and OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.31-2.17; P < 0.001, respectively) and anxiety (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.21-2.49; P < 0.01 and OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.09-2.17; P < 0.05, respectively), while fear of infection or worsening of health was not. Path analysis showed that work-related stress associated with the viral epidemic rather than anxiety about the viral epidemic mainly contributed to depression. CONCLUSION The present observational study indicates that mental health problems of HCWs exposed to COVID-19 are associated with distress in work and social relationship. Early intervention programs focusing on these factors are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Ah Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Hee Ahn
- Division of Psychiatry, Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonjeong Byun
- Department of Psychiatry, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae-Kook Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Sil Kweon
- Department of Psychiatry, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seockhoon Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Wook Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Kyoung-Uk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic imposed a set of drastic worldwide changes to and restrictions on daily life. Despite predictions of the harmful impacts of the pandemic on mental health, empirical data are lacking. This study sought to examine the relationship between individuals' perceptions about COVID-19 and scores on mental health indexes. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 183 individuals answered self-report questionnaires. A new inventory based on the health belief model (HBM) developed in Portugal was explored with a factor analysis, which revealed two significant factors: COVID-19 anxiety and perceived severity of the disease. RESULTS Results showed that anxiety about COVID-19 was positively correlated with psychological distress, somatization, and paranoid ideation and was negatively correlated with psychological well-being. COVID-19 anxiety mediated the relationship between symptomatology and mental health. CONCLUSIONS Perceptions about COVID-19 seem to play pivotal roles in mental health. These results may inform interventions focused on reducing psychological distress and symptomatology and on increasing psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Faustino
- Department of Cognitive Behavior and Integrative Psychotherapy (Faustino, Vasco) and Faculty of Psychology (Faustino, Vasco, Delgado, Farinha-Fernandes, Guerreiro), University of Lisbon, Lisbon; ISCTE University, Lisbon (Matos)
| | - António Branco Vasco
- Department of Cognitive Behavior and Integrative Psychotherapy (Faustino, Vasco) and Faculty of Psychology (Faustino, Vasco, Delgado, Farinha-Fernandes, Guerreiro), University of Lisbon, Lisbon; ISCTE University, Lisbon (Matos)
| | - João Delgado
- Department of Cognitive Behavior and Integrative Psychotherapy (Faustino, Vasco) and Faculty of Psychology (Faustino, Vasco, Delgado, Farinha-Fernandes, Guerreiro), University of Lisbon, Lisbon; ISCTE University, Lisbon (Matos)
| | - António Farinha-Fernandes
- Department of Cognitive Behavior and Integrative Psychotherapy (Faustino, Vasco) and Faculty of Psychology (Faustino, Vasco, Delgado, Farinha-Fernandes, Guerreiro), University of Lisbon, Lisbon; ISCTE University, Lisbon (Matos)
| | - José Carlos Guerreiro
- Department of Cognitive Behavior and Integrative Psychotherapy (Faustino, Vasco) and Faculty of Psychology (Faustino, Vasco, Delgado, Farinha-Fernandes, Guerreiro), University of Lisbon, Lisbon; ISCTE University, Lisbon (Matos)
| | - Marta Matos
- Department of Cognitive Behavior and Integrative Psychotherapy (Faustino, Vasco) and Faculty of Psychology (Faustino, Vasco, Delgado, Farinha-Fernandes, Guerreiro), University of Lisbon, Lisbon; ISCTE University, Lisbon (Matos)
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Hu B, Ruan Y, Liu K, Wei X, Wu Y, Feng H, Deng Z, Liu J, Wang T. A Mid-to-Long Term Comprehensive Evaluation of Psychological Distress and Erectile Function in COVID-19 Recovered Patients. J Sex Med 2021; 18:1863-1871. [PMID: 34600862 PMCID: PMC8387224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The psychological and sexual health of different populations are negatively affected during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, little is known about psychological distress and erectile function of male recovered patients with COVID-19 in the long term. AIM We aimed to evaluate psychological distress and erectile function of male recovered patients with COVID-19 in the mid-to-long terms. METHODS We recruited 67 eligible male recovered patients with COVID-19 and followed them up twice within approximately 6 months of recovery time. The psychological distress and erectile function were assessed by validated Chinese version of paper questionnaires. OUTCOMES The primary outcomes were Symptom Checklist 90 questionnaire for psychological distress and International Index of Erectile Function-5 for erectile function. RESULTS In the first visit, COVID-19 patients with a median recovery time of 80 days mainly presented the following positive symptoms: Obsessive-Compulsive, additional items (ADD), Hostility, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Depression, and Somatization; while the dimension scores in Somatization, Anxiety, ADD, and Phobia were higher than Chinese male norms. Besides, the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) in the first-visit patients was significantly higher than Chinese controls. In the second visit, the primary psychological symptoms of COVID-19 patients with a median recovery time of 174 days were Obsessive-Compulsive, ADD, Interpersonal Sensitivity, and Hostility, while all dimensions scores of Symptom Checklist 90 were lower than Chinese male norms. Moreover, second-visit patients had no significant difference with Chinese controls in ED prevalence. In addition, it suggested that GSI was the independent risk factor for ED in the regression analysis for the first-visit patients. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The study showed the changes of psychological symptoms and erectile function in COVID-19 recovered patients, and provided reference on whether psychological and sexual supports are needed after a period of recovery. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS To our knowledge, it is the first study to comprehensively evaluate the psychological distress and erectile function of COVID-19 recovered patients in the mid-to-long terms. The main limitations were the low number of analyzed participants, and the psychological distress and erectile function of healthy Chinese men over the same period were not evaluated, and the psychological and sexual related data of participants prior to COVID-19 were not available. Additionally, there was a selection bias in comparing COVID-19 patients with healthy controls. CONCLUSION With less impact of COVID-19 event, the impaired erectile function and psychological distress improved in COVID-19 recovered patients with a recovery time of nearly half a year. Hu B, Ruan Y, Liu K, et al. A Mid-to-Long Term Comprehensive Evaluation of Psychological Distress and Erectile Function in COVID-19 Recovered Patients. J Sex Med 2021;18:1863-1871.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bintao Hu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yajun Ruan
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xian Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Feng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiyao Deng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Zhang W, Wu YY, Walkover M. Prevalence of Psychological Distress in Hawai'i during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Exploring Disparities Using 11 Waves of Data from the Household Pulse Survey. Hawaii J Health Soc Welf 2021; 80:10-17. [PMID: 34704063 PMCID: PMC8538111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing 11 waves of data from the Household Pulse Survey collected between April and November 2020, this study examines disparities in psychological distress (defined as having symptoms of anxiety/depression) among adult residents of Hawai'i during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results showed that 36.4% of the respondents reported symptoms of distress. Younger age, female, and lower household income were associated with higher levels of psychological distress than older age, male, and higher household income. The prevalence ratios of distress for those aged 18-24, 25-34, 35-44 and females were 43.1%, 47.3%, 44.1%, and 39.3% respectively. Asians experienced lower prevalence compared to other racial/ethnic groups. Two practical implications are offered. First, the economic sequelae of COVID-19 impact psychological distress even when the community infection rate is stable. Second, disparities in psychosocial distress demonstrate that social and economic resources are needed by social groups such as young adults, females, and racial/ethnic minorities that have experienced the highest impact. Strategies need to be developed to mitigate the unavoidable local consequences of a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Sociology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Yan Yan Wu
- Office of Public Health Studies, Thompson School of Social Work & Public Health, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Margaret Walkover
- Department of Sociology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI
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Maestre-Lorén F, Castillo-Garayoa JA, López-I-Martín X, Sarquella-Geli J, Andrés A, Cifre I. Psychological Distress in Erectile Dysfunction: The Moderating Role of Attachment. Sex Med 2021; 9:100436. [PMID: 34517209 PMCID: PMC8498960 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2021.100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In clinical consultations, men with erectile dysfunction do not always express personal, sexual, and interpersonal concerns. Aim We explore whether the attenuated impact of erectile dysfunction may be explained by a regulation of negative affect that causes activation of the attachment system. Methods The study sample consisted of 69 men diagnosed with erectile dysfunction, mean (SD) age 56 (10.83) years. Participants completed self-reported questionnaires to assess erectile dysfunction severity, attachment style, sexual satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, and psychological symptoms. Main Outcome Measure The moderating role of attachment between erectile dysfunction and sexual satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, and psychological distress was evaluated using multiple linear regression and moderation analysis. Results All men in the sample had high attachment avoidance, distributed between the dismissive-avoidant (69.6%) and fearful-avoidant (30.4%) substyles, but low levels of psychological symptoms. Despite their erectile dysfunction, 27 patients (39.1%) rated their sexual life as satisfactory, and 46 (66.7%) rated their relationship with their partner as satisfactory. Men with fearful-avoidant attachment reported feeling more sexual desire and less sexual satisfaction than men with dismissive-avoidant attachment. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that sexual satisfaction variance was explained by erectile dysfunction severity, attachment anxiety, and relationship satisfaction scores. Moderation analysis showed that attachment anxiety, but not relationship satisfaction, moderated the impact of erectile dysfunction on sexual satisfaction. Conclusion The avoidance dimension of attachment, which tends to be high in patients with erectile dysfunction, involves deactivation of the sexual system in an effort to minimize the emotional distress associated with erectile dysfunction, which damages sexual and relationship intimacy and delays the decision to obtain professional help. The presence of high attachment avoidance and the moderating value of attachment anxiety allow us to propose specific treatments for these men. Maestre-Lorén F, Castillo-Garayoa JA, López-i-Martín X, et al. Psychological Distress in Erectile Dysfunction: The Moderating Role of Attachment. Sex Med 2021;9:100436.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ana Andrés
- FPCEE Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Cifre
- FPCEE Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
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40
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Jeong S, Jeong SH. [Effects of Second Victim Experiences after Patient Safety Incidents on Nursing Practice Changes in Korean Clinical Nurses: The Mediating Effects of Coping Behaviors]. J Korean Acad Nurs 2021; 51:489-504. [PMID: 34497257 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.21089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was investigated the mediating effect of coping behaviors in the relationship between the second victim experiences after patient safety incidents and the nursing practice changes. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was performed using structured questionnaires. Participants were 218 clinical nurses in general tertiary hospitals in South Korea. Data were collected through an online survey and snowball sampling from August 11 to September 6 2020. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 program. A mediation analysis was performed using multiple regression and a simple mediation model applying the PROCESS macro with 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval. RESULTS The mean scores of second victim experiences was 3.41/5. Approach coping (β = .55, p < .001) and the avoidant coping (β = - .23, p = .001) showed mediation effects in the relationship between second victim experiences and constructive change in nursing practice. Avoidant coping (β = .29, p < .001) showed a mediation effect in the relationship between second victim experiences and defensive change in nursing practice. CONCLUSION Coping behaviors has a mediating effect on the relationship between second victim experiences and nursing practice changes. To ensure that nurses do not experience second victim, medical institutions should have a culture of patient safety that employs a systematic approach rather than blame individuals. They also need to develop strategies that enhance approach coping and reducing avoidant coping to induce nurses' constructive practice changes in clinical nurses in experiencing second victims due to patient safety incidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seohee Jeong
- Quality Improvement Team, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Seok Hee Jeong
- College of Nursing · Research Institute of Nursing Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.
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Astill Wright L, Gnanapragasam S, Downes AJ, Bisson JI. Managing COVID-19 related distress in primary care: principles of assessment and management. BMC Fam Pract 2021; 22:73. [PMID: 33853537 PMCID: PMC8044505 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-021-01399-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 will cause normal feelings of worry and stress and many of those who experience higher levels of distress will experience resolution of their symptoms as society returns to pre-COVID-19 functioning. Only a minority are likely to develop a psychiatric disorder. Certain individuals may be vulnerable to experiencing persisting symptoms, such as those with pre-existing comorbidity. Management approaches could centre around using collaborative approaches to provide and build on already existing socioeconomic support structures, the avoidance of over-medicalisation, watchful waiting and finally treating those who do meet the criteria for psychiatric diagnosis. Primary care clinicians are likely be the first healthcare point of contact for most COVID-19 related distress and it is important that they are able to provide evidence based and evidence informed responses, which includes social, psychological and pharmacological approaches. This expert opinion paper serves to summarise some approaches, based primarily on indirect extrapolation of evidence concerning the general management of psychological distress, in the absence of COVID-19 specific evidence, to assist primary care clinicians in their assessment and management of COVID-19 related distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Astill Wright
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Sam Gnanapragasam
- The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anthony J Downes
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jonathan I Bisson
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
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Cyr MP, Dumoulin C, Bessette P, Pina A, Gotlieb WH, Lapointe-Milot K, Morin M. Characterizing Pelvic Floor Muscle Function and Morphometry in Survivors of Gynecological Cancer Who Have Dyspareunia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study. Phys Ther 2021; 101:6124113. [PMID: 33522584 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE More than one-half of gynecological cancer survivors are affected by pain during sexual intercourse, also known as dyspareunia. Oncological treatments may result in pelvic floor muscle (PFM) alterations, which are suspected to play a key role in dyspareunia. However, to our knowledge, no study has investigated PFM function and morphometry in this population. The aim of the study was to characterize and compare PFM function and morphometry between gynecological cancer survivors with dyspareunia and asymptomatic women. METHODS Twenty-four gynecological cancer survivors with dyspareunia and 32 women with a history of total hysterectomy but without pelvic pain (asymptomatic women) participated in this comparative cross-sectional study. PFM passive forces (tone), flexibility, stiffness, maximal strength, coordination, and endurance were assessed with an intra-vaginal dynamometric speculum. Bladder neck position, levator plate angle, anorectal angle, and levator hiatal dimensions were measured at rest and on maximal contraction with 3D/4D transperineal ultrasound imaging. RESULTS Compared with asymptomatic women, gynecological cancer survivors showed heightened PFM tone, lower flexibility, higher stiffness, and lower coordination and endurance. At rest, they had a smaller anorectal angle and smaller levator hiatal dimensions, indicating heightened PFM tone. They also presented fewer changes from rest to maximal contraction for anorectal angle and levator hiatal dimensions, suggesting an elevated tone or altered contractile properties. CONCLUSIONS Gynecological cancer survivors with dyspareunia present with altered PFM function and morphometry. This research therefore provides a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of dyspareunia in cancer survivors. IMPACT Our study confirms alterations in PFM function and morphometry in gynecological cancer survivors with dyspareunia. These findings support the rationale for developing and assessing the efficacy of physical therapy targeting PFM alterations in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pierre Cyr
- School of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.,Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chantale Dumoulin
- School of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Center of the Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paul Bessette
- Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Annick Pina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Walter H Gotlieb
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute of the Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Korine Lapointe-Milot
- Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Morin
- School of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.,Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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Kittaneh AA, Patel S, Sidhu NK, Lechner WV, Kenne DR. Tobacco Use Status as a Function of Transgender Identity: The Mediating Role of Psychological Distress. Tob Use Insights 2021; 14:1179173X211004267. [PMID: 33854393 PMCID: PMC8013634 DOI: 10.1177/1179173x211004267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The current study examined differences between individuals identifying as transgender and people identifying as cisgender in terms of (1) psychological distress (eg, anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation), (2) rates of combustible and e-cigarette use, and (3) the potential for elevated psychological distress stemming from transgender identification to be associated with increased rates of smoking and vaping. Method This was a secondary analysis of data from a study examining behavioral health, perceptions and behaviors associated with alcohol and other drug use, and mental health status at a large mid-western university. Differences in current use of cigarette and e-cigarette products were examined between self-identified transgender (n = 253) and cisgender (n = 18 371) respondents. Results Overall, 17.2% (n = 2727) of the sample endorsed past 30-day use of cigarettes or e-cigarettes. Results demonstrated a significant effect of gender identity, with individuals identifying as transgender reporting higher odds of using cigarettes or e-cigarettes (AOR = 2.82, 95% CI 1.26-6.31). Regression analyses revealed significant effects of transgender identity on symptoms of anxiety (b = 3.45, 95% CI = 1.64, 5.25, P < .001.); depression, (b = 4.14, 95% CI = 2.21, 6.07, P < .001); and suicidal ideation, (b = 2.51, 95% CI = 1.48, 3.55, P < .001.), respectively. Finally, we observed significant indirect effects of transgender identity on cigarette and e-cigarette product use via increased symptoms of depression (indirect effect = 0.13, 95% CI [0.07, 0.19], P < .05), and suicidal ideation (indirect effect = 0.22, 95% CI [0.15, 0.28], P < .05), but not symptoms of anxiety. Discussion This is the first study of our knowledge to examine the association between psychological symptoms and smoking and vaping products with transgender identity. The results of this study support previous findings that transgender individuals are at risk for elevated substance use and extend the literature by demonstrating this this risk is associated with elevated psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad A Kittaneh
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, OH, USA
| | - Sweta Patel
- Center for Public Policy and Health, Kent State University, OH, USA
| | - Natasha K Sidhu
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, OH, USA
| | - William V Lechner
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, OH, USA
| | - Deric R Kenne
- Center for Public Policy and Health, Kent State University, OH, USA
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Hung HY, Su PF, Wu MH, Chang YJ. Status and related factors of depression, perceived stress, and distress of women at home rest with threatened preterm labor and women with healthy pregnancy in Taiwan. J Affect Disord 2021; 280:156-166. [PMID: 33212407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women with threatened preterm labor (TPTL) resting at home face several life challenges, but their psychological well-being has been ignored. This study aimed to explore the status and related factors of the psychological status of women with TPTL resting at home, and to compare the psychological status differences between TPTL and healthy pregnant women. METHODS A cross-sectional, multiple time-point study was conducted to repeatedly assess depression, perceived stress, and distress in 49 TPTL women and 62 healthy pregnant women during pregnancy in Taiwan. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare the psychological status differences between these women and the generalized estimating equation was used to identify the factors related to their psychological status. RESULTS The TPTL women's perceived stress at 24-27 weeks (p=0.047) and 32-35 weeks (p=0.04) and distress at each time point was significantly greater than that of healthy pregnant women (p<0.001). The common distress experienced by TPTL women was the inability to provide self-care and family care, the baby's health and safety, and to request leave from work for bed rest. Positive personalities, gestational age, preterm birth history, follow-up status and employment have been shown to be related to the psychological status of TPTL women. LIMITATIONS The major limitation of this study is the small sample size. CONCLUSION This study contributed to a better understanding of the emotional burdens of women with TPTL resting at home. Such findings highlight the need for constructing effective interventions to alleviate the psychological burden of these women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Ying Hung
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fang Su
- Department of Statistics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsing Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ju Chang
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences & Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Abstract
2020 has certainly been a year of challenges for nurses and healthcare workers around the world with the relentless spread of COVID-19. These challenges are many, including countries and health systems not being prepared for a pandemic, shortages of personal protective equipment and acute shortages of nurses, poor communication from governments and the lack of accurate data regarding COVID-19 morbidity and mortality among nurses and health workers. Nurses are suffering from psychological distress and are exhausted and burntout as the pandemic's second wave moves around the world. Many have been subjected to violence and aggression from people in their communities. Against this backdrop, nurses' contributions have been vital in saving lives and the profession has learnt many powerful lessons that will resonate in nursing practice for the future. But governments must do more, including ensuring nurses receive vaccinations early to protect them when a successful vaccine becomes available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard Catton
- International Council of Nurses, Geneva, Switzerland
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Abstract
BACKGROUND People who smoke tend to report higher levels of psychological distress than those who do not smoke. However, studies suggest that smoking reduces many sub-dimensions of distress, including depressive symptoms. A negative (i.e. depression reducing) effect of smoking on depressive symptoms might be observed in survey panel data only after adjustment for the effect of depressive symptoms on smoking. Results from analyses that make that adjustment are presented within groups jointly defined by race and gender, and for all respondents in a representative sample of the U.S. POPULATION METHOD Reciprocal effects of smoking and depressive symptoms (DSx) are estimated with dynamic panel models. Data are from the Americans' Changing Lives study which assessed smoking and depressive symptoms five times over 25 years. Additional analyses provide estimates of effect of continuing to smoke versus quitting. RESULTS The estimated effect of smoking on DSx after adjustment for the simultaneous effect of DSx on smoking and unobserved confounders is negative among women. The estimated effect among men is not statistically significant, and no race difference is observed. CONCLUSIONS The tendency for smoking to reduce depressive symptoms among American women is masked in analyses that fail to account for the reciprocal effect of depressive symptoms on smoking.
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Mollaioli D, Sansone A, Ciocca G, Limoncin E, Colonnello E, Di Lorenzo G, Jannini EA. Benefits of Sexual Activity on Psychological, Relational, and Sexual Health During the COVID-19 Breakout. J Sex Med 2021; 18:35-49. [PMID: 33234430 PMCID: PMC7584428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19-related lockdown has profoundly changed human behaviors and habits, impairing general and psychological well-being. Along with psychosocial consequences, it is possible that sexual behavior was also affected. AIMS With the present study, we evaluated the impact of the community-wide containment and consequent social distancing on the intrapsychic, relational, and sexual health through standardized psychometric tools. METHODS A case-control study was performed through a web-based survey and comparing subjects of both genders with (group A, N = 2,608) and without (group B, N = 4,213) sexual activity during lockdown. The Welch and chi-square tests were used to assess differences between groups. Univariate analysis of covariance, logistic regression models, and structural equation modeling were performed to measure influence and mediation effects of sexual activity on psychological, relational, and sexual outcomes. OUTCOMES Main outcome measures were General Anxiety Disorder-7 for anxiety, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression, Dyadic Adjustment Scale for quality of relationship and a set of well-validated sexological inventories (International Index of Erectile Function, Female Sexual Function Index, and male-female versions of the Orgasmometer). RESULTS Anxiety and depression scores were significantly lower in subjects sexually active during lockdown. Analysis of covariance identified gender, sexual activity, and living without partner during lockdown as significantly affecting anxiety and depression scores (P < .0001). Logistic regression models showed that lack of sexual activity during lockdown was associated with a significantly higher risk of developing anxiety and depression (OR: 1.32 [95% CI: 1.12 - 1.57, P < .001] and 1.34 [95% CI: 1.15 - 1.57, P < .0001], respectively). Structural equation modeling evidenced the protective role of sexual activity toward psychological distress (βmales = -0.18 and βfemales = -0.14), relational health (βmales = 0.26 and βfemales = 0.29) and sexual health, both directly (βmales = 0.43 and βfemales = 0.31), and indirectly (βmales = 0.13 and βfemales = 0.13). CLINICAL TRANSLATION The demonstrated mutual influence of sexual health on psychological and relational health could direct the clinical community toward a reinterpretation of the relationship among these factors. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS Based on a large number of subjects and well-validated psychometric tools, this study elucidated the protective role of sexual activity for psychological distress, as well for relational and sexual health. Main limitations were the web-based characteristics of the protocol and the retrospective nature of prelockdown data on psychorelational and sexual health of subjects recruited. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 lockdown dramatically impacted on psychological, relational, and sexual health of the population. In this scenario, sexual activity played a protective effect, in both genders, on the quarantine-related plague of anxiety and mood disorders. Mollaioli D, Sansone A, Ciocca G, et al. Benefits of Sexual Activity on Psychological, Relational, and Sexual Health During the COVID-19 Breakout. J Sex Med 2021;18:35-49.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mollaioli
- Chair of Endocrinology and Medical Sexology (ENDOSEX), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sansone
- Chair of Endocrinology and Medical Sexology (ENDOSEX), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Ciocca
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Erika Limoncin
- Chair of Endocrinology and Medical Sexology (ENDOSEX), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Colonnello
- Chair of Endocrinology and Medical Sexology (ENDOSEX), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Di Lorenzo
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Emmanuele A Jannini
- Chair of Endocrinology and Medical Sexology (ENDOSEX), Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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Labrague LJ, Ballad CA, Fronda DC. Predictors and outcomes of work-family conflict among nurses. Int Nurs Rev 2020; 68:349-357. [PMID: 33165960 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-family conflict, an issue important to nursing management, has been examined extensively worldwide. With an increasing number of nurses leaving and intending to leave the country, and considering the traditional family arrangement, it is increasingly relevant to examine the precursors and outcomes of work-family conflict among Filipino nurses. AIM To identify the predictors of work-family conflict and its relationship to Filipino nurses' work outcomes and perceived quality of care. METHODS A descriptive research design was utilized to collect data from one thousand one hundred (n = 1010) registered nurses with more than three months of experience working in the hospital using the Work-Family Conflict Scale, Job Satisfaction Index, Perceived Stress Scale, the two single-item measures of turnover intention, and a single-item measure of care quality. RESULTS Filipino nurses experience moderate levels of work-family conflict. Nurses' age, education, facility size, and hospital location predicted work-family conflict. Work-family predicted job satisfaction, job stress, intention to leave the organization, and perceived quality of care. CONCLUSIONS In accordance with international studies, Filipino nurses experience significant levels of work-family conflict. Addressing work-family conflict may result in improved work outcomes and increased care quality rating. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE AND POLICY Organizational measures to address work-family conflict in nurses should take into account the different predictors identified, particularly those that are modifiable. Nurses' work outcomes and care quality can be improved by employing empirically based measures to effectively address work-family conflict.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Labrague
- Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - C A Ballad
- Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - D C Fronda
- Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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Stransky ML, Oshita JY, Morris MA. Prevalence of Behavioral Health Problems Among Adults With and Without Communication Disabilities. J Am Board Fam Med 2020; 33:932-41. [PMID: 33219072 DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2020.06.200216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults with communication disabilities (CDs) experience poor health and health care outcomes. Few studies have examined behavioral health outcomes among this population. We compare the behavioral health of adults with CDs to their peers without such disabilities. METHODS Retrospective cohort study examining the 2012 National Health Interview Survey Voice, Speech, and Language Supplement. We compared adults (> 17 years old) with voice only (n = 2169), speech/language (SL) only (n = 730), and speech/language and voice (SLV; n = 450) disabilities to adults without CDs (n = 29,873). Outcomes include behavioral health diagnoses (eg, depression), substance misuse (eg, excessive alcohol or tobacco use), experiences (eg, nonspecific psychological distress), and health care utilization. Unadjusted Pearson's χ2 and adjusted logistic regression analyses controlling for sociodemographic, health, and other disability measures were conducted. RESULTS Adults with CDs more frequently reported diagnoses (7.1% to 35.9% vs 1.8% to 8.6%), substance misuse (SL only: 15.5% vs 5.5%), and nonspecific psychological distress (SL only: 14.7%; SLV: 22.3% vs 2.3%) compared with adults without CDs (all P < .001). These findings were consistent for all outcomes and in multivariate analyses. Odds ratios ranged from 1.4 (99.7% CI, 1.1-1.7) to 5.0 (99.7% CI, 3.6-6.8). Adults with CDs more frequently endorsed visiting mental health professionals compared with adults without CDs (voice only: 11.4%; SL only: 19.1%; SLV: 23.1%; vs 6.8%, all P < .001), but these differences became nonsignificant in multivariate analyses. CONCLUSIONS Adults with CDs experience poorer behavioral health and health care outcomes compared with persons without CDs. Barriers to identification and treatment related to CDs must be addressed for persons with CDs.
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Allen JO, Watkins DC, Mezuk B, Chatters L, Johnson-Lawrence V. Mechanisms of Racial Health Disparities: Relationships between Coping and Psychological and Physiological Stress Responses. Ethn Dis 2020; 30:563-574. [PMID: 32989356 PMCID: PMC7518539 DOI: 10.18865/ed.30.4.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Psychological distress and physiological dysregulation represent two stress response pathways linked to poor health and are implicated in racial disparities in aging-related health outcomes among US men. Less is known about how coping relates to these stress responses. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine whether midlife and older men's coping strategies and behaviors accounted, in part, for Black-White disparities in men's psychological and physiological stress responses. Methods We examined racial differences in 12 coping strategies (COPE Inventory subscales, religious/spiritual coping, and behaviors such as stress eating and substance use) and their relationships with psychological distress (Negative Affect scale) and physiological dysregulation (blunted diurnal cortisol slopes) using regression models and cross-sectional data from 696 Black and White male participants aged 35-85 years in the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) II, 2004-2006. Results Black men exhibited more psychological distress and physiological dysregulation than White men. Black and White men reported comparable use of most coping strategies, none of which demonstrated similar relationships with both stress responses. Coping strategies explained variations in psychological distress consistent with conventional protective-harmful categorizations. Coping accounted for racial disparities in men's psychological distress, as Black men reported using harmful strategies more often and were more susceptible to their negative effects. Neither differential use of coping strategies nor differing relationships accounted for racial disparities in physiological dysregulation. Conclusions Findings revealed complex relationships between coping and psychological and physiological stress responses and suggest the importance of differing approaches to reducing associated racial health disparities among men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Ober Allen
- Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Briana Mezuk
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Linda Chatters
- Schools of Social Work and Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Vicki Johnson-Lawrence
- College of Human Medicine, Family Medicine, Division of Public Health, Michigan State University, Flint, MI
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