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Causevic S, Ekström AM, Orsini N, Kagesten A, Strömdahl S, Salazar M. Prevalence and associated factors for poor mental health among young migrants in Sweden: a cross-sectional study. Glob Health Action 2024; 17:2294592. [PMID: 38180014 PMCID: PMC10773640 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2023.2294592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young migrants face multiple challenges that can affect their mental, sexual and reproductive health. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of self-reported poor mental health and its associated demographic, post-migration and sexual risk behaviour factors among young migrants (aged 15-25) in Sweden. METHODS Data were drawn from a cross-sectional survey conducted with migrants aged 15-65 years old in Sweden between December 2018 and November 2019 (n = 6449). Among these, 990 participants aged 15-25 were eligible for the study. Mental health was measured using the Refugee Health Screener-13. Missing data indicator analysis and multivariable logistic regression models were conducted to estimate the association between mental health, sexual risk behaviour, demographic and migration-related variables. RESULTS Of the 990 participants, 59% reported poor mental health. Participants reporting poor mental health were more likely to be female (AOR:1.63, 95% CI:1.18-2.25), to have lived in Sweden more than three years (AOR:2.16, 95% CI:1.17-3.97), to engage in any sexual risk behaviour (AOR:1.99, 95% CI:1.25-3.17), and to live alone (AOR:1.95, 95% CI:1.25-3.03) or with friends they already knew (AOR:1.60, 95% CI:1.37-4.91). People arriving from the Americas (AOR:0.54, 95% CI:0.33-0.88), Asia (AOR:0.44, 95% CI:0.22-0.86), Europe (AOR:0.30, 95% CI:0.14-0.61) and Africa (AOR 0.37, 95% CI: 0.23-0.60) had lower odds of poor mental health than those arriving from Syria. CONCLUSION The prevalence of poor mental health among young migrants in Sweden was high, with specific subgroups (women, asylum seekers, people arriving from Syria, and those residing longer in Sweden) being particularly vulnerable. Our results indicate the interconnectedness between poor mental health and sexual risk behaviour in this population. Thus, policies targeting young migrants should ensure that healthcare services screen for both poor sexual and mental health at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Causevic
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Mia Ekström
- Global and Sexual Health (GloSH) Research Group, Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Widerströmska huset, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, South Central Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicola Orsini
- Global and Sexual Health (GloSH) Research Group, Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Widerströmska huset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Kagesten
- Global and Sexual Health (GloSH) Research Group, Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Widerströmska huset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Strömdahl
- Global and Sexual Health (GloSH) Research Group, Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Widerströmska huset, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Swedish Public Health Agency, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mariano Salazar
- Global and Sexual Health (GloSH) Research Group, Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Widerströmska huset, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ross JL, Cagino SG, Denefrio CL. Examining technology use and mental health among parents with newborns in the intensive care unit during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. PEC Innov 2024; 4:100252. [PMID: 38205429 PMCID: PMC10776774 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2023.100252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the relationship between pandemic-related stressors, mental health, and technology use among parents of hospitalized infants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional study of 47 participants who had an infant in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) during the pandemic was completed. Participants ranked several statements on a Likert scale to assess mental health, technology use, and COVID-19-related stress during their infant's stay in the NICU. Results Mental health wellness scores were negatively associated with COVID-19-related stress (rs - 0.40, p = .015). The most prevalent stressor was hospital visitation restriction. Higher COVID-19-related stress was associated with greater use of text and video chat [(rs0.35, p = 0.016) and (rs0.33, p = .025)]. Enjoyment of technology use and access to technology were positively associated with higher mental health wellness scores [(rs0.42, p = .003) and (rs0.38, p = .009)]. Conclusions Social uses of technology were valuable in a cohort of parents with infants hospitalized during the COVID-19 pandemic. Innovation Technology is a tool that can help parents cope with the stress of having a hospitalized infant. Digital literacy and technology access should be promoted in the post-pandemic landscape to help parents of infants in the NICU attain more benefit from these resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah G. Cagino
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
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Wang L, Hu Y, Jiang N, Yetisen AK. Biosensors for psychiatric biomarkers in mental health monitoring. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 256:116242. [PMID: 38631133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are associated with serve disturbances in cognition, emotional control, and/or behavior regulation, yet few routine clinical tools are available for the real-time evaluation and early-stage diagnosis of mental health. Abnormal levels of relevant biomarkers may imply biological, neurological, and developmental dysfunctions of psychiatric patients. Exploring biosensors that can provide rapid, in-situ, and real-time monitoring of psychiatric biomarkers is therefore vital for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of mental disorders. Recently, psychiatric biosensors with high sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility have been widely developed, which are mainly based on electrochemical and optical sensing technologies. This review presented psychiatric disorders with high morbidity, disability, and mortality, followed by describing pathophysiology in a biomarker-implying manner. The latest biosensors developed for the detection of representative psychiatric biomarkers (e.g., cortisol, dopamine, and serotonin) were comprehensively summarized and compared in their sensitivities, sensing technologies, applicable biological platforms, and integrative readouts. These well-developed biosensors are promising for facilitating the clinical utility and commercialization of point-of-care diagnostics. It is anticipated that mental healthcare could be gradually improved in multiple perspectives, ranging from innovations in psychiatric biosensors in terms of biometric elements, transducing principles, and flexible readouts, to the construction of 'Big-Data' networks utilized for sharing intractable psychiatric indicators and cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2BU, UK
| | - Yubing Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2BU, UK.
| | - Nan Jiang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
| | - Ali K Yetisen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2BU, UK.
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Kenntemich L, von Hülsen L, Eggert L, Kriston L, Gallinat J, Schäfer I, Lotzin A. Trajectories of depressive and anxiety symptoms and associated risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: A longitudinal cohort study. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:136-146. [PMID: 38552918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most COVID-19-related mental health research focused on average levels of mental health parameters in the general population. However, considering heterogeneous groups and their long-term responses could deepen our understanding of mental health during community crises. This four-wave study aimed to (1) identify subgroups with different trajectories of depressive and anxiety symptoms in the German general population, and (2) investigate associated risk factors. METHODS We analyzed self-report data from N = 1257 German adults participating in a European cohort study, assessed in summer 2020 (T1), and at 6 (T2), 12 (T3), and 30 months (T4). Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured using the PHQ-4. Sociodemographic, health-related, and pandemic-related variables were assessed at baseline. We applied growth mixture modeling to identify subgroups of symptom trajectories and conducted multinomial logistic regression to examine factors associated with class membership. RESULTS We identified six symptom trajectories: Low-stable (n = 971, 77.2 %), Continuous deterioration (n = 30, 2.4 %), Transient deterioration (n = 75, 6.0 %), Continuous improvement (n = 97, 7.7 %), Transient improvement (n = 38, 3.0 %) and Chronicity (n = 46, 3.7 %). Age, education, work status, mental health diagnoses, self-reported health, and pandemic-related news consumption were significantly associated with subgroup membership. LIMITATIONS The generalizability of the study is constrained by an unrepresentative sampling method, a notable dropout rate, and limited consideration of risk factors. CONCLUSION Most people experienced low symptoms or improvement during the pandemic, while others experienced chronic or transient symptoms. Specific risk factors were associated with these trajectories, revealing nuanced mental health dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kenntemich
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Leonie von Hülsen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laura Eggert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Levente Kriston
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Gallinat
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Schäfer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annett Lotzin
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Chan SKW, Zhou LF, Cai J, Liao Y, Huang Y, Deng ZY, Liu YJ, Chen XC, Gao R, Zhang XF, Tao YQ, Zhou L, Deng XP, Liu B, Ran MS. Risk factors of non-suicidal self-injury of youth students at different developmental stages during COVID-19 pandemic in Jingzhou China. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:57-65. [PMID: 38518855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Kit Wa Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Li-Fang Zhou
- Jingzhou Mental Health Center, Mental Health Institute of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, China
| | - Jia Cai
- Mental Health Center, Institute of Psychiatry, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yingqi Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yi Huang
- Mental Health Center, Institute of Psychiatry, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhong-Yue Deng
- Mental Health Center, Institute of Psychiatry, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yu-Jun Liu
- Department of Social Work and Social Policy, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Chuan Chen
- Ya'an Fourth People's Hospital, Ya'an, Sichuan 625000, China
| | - Ru Gao
- Wenjiang People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610037, China
| | - Xin-Feng Zhang
- Jingzhou Mental Health Center, Mental Health Institute of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, China
| | - Yan-Qing Tao
- Jingzhou Mental Health Center, Mental Health Institute of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, China
| | - Lie Zhou
- Jingzhou Mental Health Center, Mental Health Institute of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Deng
- Jingzhou Mental Health Center, Mental Health Institute of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Jingzhou Mental Health Center, Mental Health Institute of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, China.
| | - Mao-Sheng Ran
- Mental Health Center, Institute of Psychiatry, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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Fond G, Smith L, Tran B, Lucas G, Nguyen TT, Yon DK, Boyer L. Unmasking the triad of burnout, absenteeism, and poor sleep among healthcare workers during the third wave of COVID-19 pandemics. Results from the national AMADEUS study. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:247-253. [PMID: 38554883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout and absenteeism are prevalent among healthcare workers, reflecting prolonged work-related stress and dissatisfaction with their job. Identifying poor sleep as a contributing factor can assist in developing targeted interventions. This study explored the relationship between burnout, absenteeism, and sleep among healthcare workers. METHODS A nationwide online cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare professionals in France during the third wave of COVID-19, from May 2021 to June 2021. Recruitment strategies included outreach through social and professional networks and email invitations. Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, absenteeism through self-reported days absent in the preceding 12 months, and sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The association between burnout, absenteeism, and poor sleep was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression, accounting for individual and professional variables. The study also explored various sleep dimension abnormalities. RESULTS Of 10,087 healthcare workers, 55.2 % reported burnout, 20.5 % absenteeism, and 64.8 % poor sleep. Burnout and absenteeism were more frequent in individuals with poor sleep compared to those with good sleep (74.2 % vs. 25.8 % and 75.6 % vs. 24.4 %, respectively). The multivariate analyses confirmed the associations between burnout, absenteeism, and poor sleep (Adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 2.15, 95 % CI [1.97-2.35], p < 0.001; and aOR = 1.49, 95 % CI [1.32-1.67], p < 0.001, respectively). INTERPRETATION The study highlighted the intricate relationship between burnout, absenteeism, and poor sleep among healthcare professionals, informing workforce management and policy decisions to foster a supportive work environment and enhance their well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Fond
- Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27, boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bach Tran
- Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27, boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Guillaume Lucas
- Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27, boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Tham Thi Nguyen
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam; Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Laurent Boyer
- Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27, boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
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Dubol M, Stiernman L, Sundström-Poromaa I, Bixo M, Comasco E. Cortical morphology variations during the menstrual cycle in individuals with and without premenstrual dysphoric disorder. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:470-477. [PMID: 38552916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is hypothesized to stem from maladaptive neural sensitivity to ovarian steroid hormone fluctuations. Recently, we found thinner cortices in individuals with PMDD, compared to healthy controls, during the symptomatic phase. Here, we aimed at investigating whether such differences illustrate state-like characteristics specific to the symptomatic phase, or trait-like features defining PMDD. METHODS Patients and controls were scanned using structural magnetic resonance imaging during the mid-follicular and late-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Group-by-phase interaction effects on cortical architecture metrics (cortical thickness, gyrification index, cortical complexity, and sulcal depth) were assessed using surface-based morphometry. RESULTS Independently of menstrual cycle phase, a main effect of diagnostic group on surface metrics was found, primarily illustrating thinner cortices (0.3 < Cohen's d > 1.1) and lower gyrification indices (0.4 < Cohen's d > 1.0) in patients compared to controls. Furthermore, menstrual cycle-specific effects were detected across all participants, depicting a decrease in cortical thickness (0.4 < Cohen's d > 1.7) and region-dependent changes in cortical folding metrics (0.4 < Cohen's d > 2.2) from the mid-follicular to the late luteal phase. LIMITATIONS Small effects (d = 0.3) require a larger sample size to be accurately characterized. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide initial evidence of trait-like cortical characteristics of the brain of individuals with premenstrual dysphoric disorder, together with indications of menstrual cycle-related variations in cortical architecture in patients and controls. Further investigations exploring whether these differences constitute stable vulnerability markers or develop over the years may help understand PMDD etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Dubol
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | | | | | - Marie Bixo
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Erika Comasco
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden.
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Batchelder AW, Claire Greene M, Scheer JR, Foley J, Jenny Shin HJ, Koehn KM, Kelly JF. Sexual minority disparities in psychosocial functioning following substance use recovery among a representative sample of US adults. Addict Behav Rep 2024; 19:100527. [PMID: 38226009 PMCID: PMC10788780 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Sexual minority (SM; e.g., gay, lesbian, bisexual) individuals are disproportionately impacted by alcohol and other drug (AOD) use disorders and psychosocial factors that can exacerbate AOD use disorders and hinder recovery. This study examines SM sub-group differences (monosexual [gay/lesbian] versus bisexual) regarding adaptation to recovery measured by indices of psychosocial functioning. Identifying differential needs of gay/lesbian versus bisexual individuals could improve services to better meet the needs of SM individuals in recovery. Methods Using data from the National Recovery Study, a nationally representative cross-sectional sample of US adults who reported resolving an AOD problem (N = 2,002), we compared heterosexual to monosexual and bisexual SM individuals on socio-demographic characteristics, AOD use and treatment, and psychosocial variables. Results Bisexual individuals were significantly younger than heterosexual individuals (p = .002 and p ≤ 0.001 among men and women, respectively) and reported significantly fewer years since AOD problem resolution compared to heterosexual individuals (p = .004 and p = .003 among men and women, respectively). Most notably, bisexual individuals, but not gay/lesbian individuals, reported significantly lower quality of life (QOL), happiness, self-esteem, and significantly higher distress compared to heterosexual individuals. Conclusion Bisexual, but not monosexual, SM individuals in recovery from an AOD use disorder, were younger and reported worse psychosocial functioning than heterosexual individuals. Findings highlight significant differences between monosexual versus bisexual identified individuals with a notable disadvantage experienced by bisexual individuals. More needs to be learned about the challenges faced by bisexual individuals in recovery to better address their needs and support long-term AOD recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail W. Batchelder
- Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M. Claire Greene
- Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jacklyn Foley
- Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Kyrié M. Koehn
- Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John F. Kelly
- Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Daher M, Boufadel P, Lopez R, Chalhoub R, Fares MY, Abboud JA. Beyond the joint: Exploring the interplay between mental health and shoulder arthroplasty outcomes. J Orthop 2024; 52:1-5. [PMID: 38404698 PMCID: PMC10881441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering the fact that mental health illnesses increase with age, and that shoulder arthroplasty procedures are often indicated in the older population, exploring the relationship between mental health and shoulder arthroplasty outcomes can have pivotal implications for shoulder surgeons and patients worldwide. The literature has shown that patients with poor mental health report lower patient-reported outcomes, higher peri-operative complications (such as anemia, infection, delirium, and others), lengthier hospital stays, and higher readmission rates than the normal patient. Employing a holistic approach when managing shoulder arthroplasty patients is necessary for optimizing outcomes and setting up recovery expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ryan Lopez
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Samek DR, Akua BA, Crumly B, Duke-Marks A. Increasing mental health issues in college students from 2016-2019: Assessing the intersections of race/ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:216-223. [PMID: 38484884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate how trends in mental health (e.g., diagnosis/treatment of depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation) varied across intersections of gender, race/ethnicity, and sexual orientation in a large, national sample of undergraduate students. METHODS Data from the American College Health Association, and National College Health Assessment II: 2016-2019 were analyzed (N = 228,640 undergraduate students from 442 campuses, ages 18-24; 67.8 % female, 40.4 % BIPOC, 3.0 % non-binary (trans/non-conforming), 19.4 % LGBQ+). We used logistic regression to predict each mental health indicator; covariates included year, gender, BIPOC, LGBQ+ status, and their interactions, as well as other covariate controls (e.g., region, year in school). RESULTS There were significant and steady increases in the odds of each mental health indicator by year (ORs = 1.12-1.13), which were significantly greater in magnitude for LGBQ+ students (ORs = 1.20-1.23). Increases did not vary by gender, race/ethnicity, or intersections between these groups and LGBQ+ status. There were significant interactions between identity groups that aligned with intersectional and minority stress theories (which did not vary by year). Non-Hispanic White students had significantly greater odds of past-year treatment/diagnosis of depression and anxiety compared to BIPOC students; however, BIPOC students had significantly greater odds of past-year suicidal ideation and this was pronounced for BIPOC women. Being non-binary x LGBQ+ was associated with significantly greater odds of each indicator. DISCUSSION Results affirm the importance of promoting mental health among college students, with a particular focus on how to better serve and support BIPOC, non-binary, and LGBQ+ students.
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Abe C, Shimatani K, Tsumura K, Takaguchi K, Nakayama Y, Hayashi T, Mori C, Suzuki N. Impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of primary schoolchildren during the later phase of the pandemic: A case report of an 18-month longitudinal survey in a Japanese primary school. Public Health Pract (Oxf) 2024; 7:100471. [PMID: 38328526 PMCID: PMC10847696 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Drastic changes such as school closures and stay-at-home measures due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, may have long-term negative effects on children's mental health; however, longitudinal studies after 2021 are limited. This study aimed to observe the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's mental health by exploring changes in their mental health over a period of 18 months. Study design We conducted a longitudinal study at Chiba Prefecture in Japan, focusing on schoolchildren's mental health changes. Methods Data were obtained from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) questionnaire conducted at single primary school three times from October 2021 to March 2023 which and included 183 participants. This study adopted a linear-mixed model to evaluate changes in children's SDQ scores, with sex and grade as the independent variables, and participants as a random effect. Results Regarding changes in SDQ scores, there were no significant changes in the total difficulty scores or in each subscale; Emotional Symptoms, Conduct Problems, Hyperactivity/Inattention, Peer Problems, and Prosocial Behavior. There was no statistically significant interaction between changes in SDQ scores and sex. Conclusions This report indicates that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of Japanese primary schoolchildren was negligible in the later phase of the pandemic. However, the impact may differ from country to country owing to factors such as social restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Abe
- Department of Architecture, Division of Creative Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - K. Shimatani
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - K. Tsumura
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - K. Takaguchi
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Y. Nakayama
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - T. Hayashi
- Department of Architecture and Urban Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - C. Mori
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
- Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - N. Suzuki
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
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12
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Amin N, Salehin I, Baten MA, Noman RA. RHMCD-20 dataset: Identify rapid human mental health depression during quarantine life using machine learning. Data Brief 2024; 54:110376. [PMID: 38623549 PMCID: PMC11016953 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2024.110376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The RHMCD-20 dataset offers a thorough investigation of the dynamics of mental health in Bangladesh while under quarantine. The structured survey that was distributed to different demographic groups yielded a dataset that included a wide range of variables, such as age, gender, occupation, and stress levels. Predictive modelling, understanding the effects of quarantine on the workplace and society, and intergenerational insights are all greatly enhanced by this dataset. The dataset allows intelligent algorithms to be developed by bridging the gap between machine learning and healthcare. Although sampling bias is one of the limitations of correlation analysis, it does improve understanding. This presents opportunities for improving precision in mental health management, fostering interdisciplinary collaborations, and creating dynamic forecasting models. Researchers and policymakers can benefit greatly from the RHMCD-20 dataset, which offers nuanced insights into mental health experiences during quarantine and informs evidence-based interventions and policies. groundwork for innovative methodologies, steering the trajectory of informed decision-making in dynamic energy landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazrul Amin
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Northern University Bangladesh, Bangladesh
| | - Imrus Salehin
- Department of Information Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abu Baten
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Northern University Bangladesh, Bangladesh
| | - Rabbi Al Noman
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
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Casares MÁ, Díez-Gómez A, Pérez-Albéniz A, Lucas-Molina B, Fonseca-Pedrero E. Screening for anxiety in adolescents: Validation of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment-7 in a representative sample of adolescents. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:331-338. [PMID: 38490592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
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Åsberg K, Löf M, Bendtsen M. Effects of a single session low-threshold digital intervention for procrastination behaviors among university students (Focus): Findings from a randomized controlled trial. Internet Interv 2024; 36:100741. [PMID: 38623085 PMCID: PMC11016779 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2024.100741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Procrastination behaviors are common among university students, and have been found to be associated with stress, symptoms of depression, anxiety, and poorer academic performance. There is a need for interventions that can reach students at scale, and therefore this study aimed to estimate the effects of a single session low-threshold digital intervention (Focus) for procrastination behaviors among university students in Sweden. Methods and analysis A two-arm, parallel groups (1:1), single blind randomized controlled trial was conducted between February 8 to April 26, 2023. The study used email to invite university students across Sweden to participate in the trial. Both the intervention and the control group were invited to assess their current procrastination behaviors using the Pure Procrastination Scale (PPS). The intervention group immediately received feedback and behavior change advice by means of an interactive website, while the control group was shown their total PPS score without any further feedback. Students were included in the study if they scored 20 points or more on the PPS. Our primary outcome was procrastination behavior measured at 2 months post-randomization. Analyses were conducted using multilevel regression models estimated with Bayesian inference. Results A total of 2209 participants (intervention: 1109, control: 1100) were randomized. The average age of participants was 26.4 years (SD = 7.8) and 65 % were women (n = 1442). The mean PPS score at baseline was 35.6 points (of a maximum of 60). Primary outcome data were available for 45 % (n = 498) of the intervention group and 55 % (n = 601) of the control group. The evidence suggested no marked difference between groups regarding any of the outcomes, although there was weak evidence of lower physical activity in the intervention group. Qualitative findings from open-ended responses uncovered a variety of views on procrastination and perceived problems that may follow. Those not feeling supported by Focus explained having troubles adopting the advice given and converting their intentions into action without more continuous support. Conclusions Access to a single session of feedback and behavior change advice by means of an interactive website did not produce differential self-reported procrastination among university students who took the opportunity to self-assess their behaviors. The findings are limited by assessment reactivity due to screening at baseline and attrition to follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Åsberg
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Marie Löf
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
| | - Marcus Bendtsen
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden
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15
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Ngo VK, Vu TT, Punter MA, Levine D, Borrell LN, Mateu-Gelabert P. Mental Health Service Use, Barriers, and Service Preferences During COVID-19 among Low-Income Housing and Market-Rate Housing Residents of Harlem in New York City. J Community Health 2024; 49:439-447. [PMID: 38066218 PMCID: PMC10981563 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-023-01301-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the differences in mental health service use, barriers, and service preferences among 393 low-income housing (LIH) and market-rate housing (MRH) Harlem residents in New York City. One-third (34.6%) endorsed the need for professional support for psychological issues, 27.2% and 15.8% reported using counseling services and psychotropic medication, with no differences between housing types. LIH residents (21.6-38.8%) reported significantly higher use of all types of mental health resources (e.g., websites, anonymous hotlines, self-help tools) compared with MRH residents (16.1-26.4%). Eighty-six percent reported barriers to mental health access, with LIH residents reporting more than double the barriers. Particularly, LIH residents reported greater difficulty getting time off work (34.1% vs. 14%), lack of health insurance (18.7% vs. 9.8%), lack of trust in mental health providers (14.6% vs. 4.7%), and stigma (12.2% vs. 5.1%) compared with MRH residents. Residents most preferred places of services were health clinics and houses of worship; provided by healthcare and mental health providers; and services delivered in-person and phone-based counseling. In contrast, residents least preferred getting support at mental health clinics; from family/friends; and by the Internet. No differences were found between service preferences by housing type. LIH residents reported higher use of mental health services and resources, but they face significantly more barriers to mental health care, suggesting a need to address specific barriers. Preferences for mental health services suggest a need for expanding mental health services to different settings given the low preference for services to be delivered at mental health clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria K Ngo
- Center for Innovation in Mental Health, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thinh T Vu
- Center for Innovation in Mental Health, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Malcolm A Punter
- Harlem Congregations for Community Improvement, Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deborah Levine
- Harlem Health Initiative, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luisa N Borrell
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pedro Mateu-Gelabert
- Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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16
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Gibson M, Leske S, Ward R, Weir B, Russell K, Kolves K. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth suicide mortality and previous mental health, suicidality and service use in Queensland, Australia, from 2001 to 2021. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:55-61. [PMID: 38484672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study aimed to compare current suicide rates, trends, previous treatment, suicidality and mental health diagnoses for First Nations and non-Indigenous young people who died by suicide. METHODS Age-specific suicide rates (ASSRs) were calculated per 100,000 persons/year using suicides aged 10-19 years in the Queensland Suicide Register. Rate Ratios (RRs) and 95 % CIs compared ASSRs for First Nations and non-Indigenous youth dying by suicide in Queensland, Australia, from 2001 to 2018. Risk ratios (RiskR) with 95 % CIs compared characteristics between First Nations and non-Indigenous youth suicides. Joinpoint regression was used to identify any changes in trends and annual percentage change (APC) in suicides with 95 % CIs. RESULTS The First Nations youth ASSR was 24.71 deaths per 100,000 persons/year, 4.5 times the non-Indigenous ASSR (95 % CI = 3.74-5.38, p < 0.001). Both non-Indigenous and First Nations suicide trends were stable with no joinpoints (APC: 0.3 %, 95 % CI: -1.6-2.2, p = 0.78; APC: 0.9 %, 95 % CI: -0.2-2.1, p = 0.11). Less than a quarter (23.9 %) of First Nations young people had ever received mental health treatment, significantly fewer than non-Indigenous youth (RiskR = 0.80, 95 % CI = 0.71-0.90, p < 0.001). Similarly, in the three months preceding their death, only 14.5 % of First Nations young people had received mental health treatment (RiskR = 0.89, 95 % CI = 0.83-97, p = 0.015). LIMITATIONS Reported mental illness, suicidality and help-seeking could be underreported due to concealment from family or police. CONCLUSIONS The current study finds no change in the gap between the First Nations and Non-Indigenous youth suicide rates nor evidence of decrease in the First Nations youth suicide rate. There is a need for alternative approaches to Indigenous youth suicide prevention, such as assertive outreach models outside of traditional triage and mental health systems to proactively build trusting relationships with young people in communities to identify young people needing support.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gibson
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - S Leske
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; UQ Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Queensland, Toowong, Queensland, Australia
| | - R Ward
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Institute for Resilient Regions, Knowledge Broker First Nations Engagement Southern Queensland & Northern NSW Drought Resilience Adoption & Innovation Hub, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - B Weir
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - K Russell
- Beyond the Pale Aboriginal and Torres Strait youth mental health support services, Australia
| | - K Kolves
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Zheng Y, Lin T, Hamm NAS, Liu J, Zhou T, Geng H, Zhang J, Ye H, Zhang G, Wang X, Chen T. Quantitative evaluation of urban green exposure and its impact on human health: A case study on the 3-30-300 green space rule. Sci Total Environ 2024; 924:171461. [PMID: 38461976 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Urban green spaces offer various health benefits, yet the impact of comprehensive green exposure criteria on multidimensional health remains unclear. The 3-30-300 green space rule represents the green exposure indicators with specific thresholds. This study aims to quantitatively evaluate urban green exposure in cities and can support investigation of its relationship with human health. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study based on 902 investigated individuals in 261 residential locations aged 11-95 years from Xiamen City, China. 3-30-300 green exposure was calculated using field surveys, GIS, and Baidu Maps Application Programming Interface (API). Physical health data was based on Occupational Stress Indicator (OSI)-2. Mental health was from the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Social health was from a self-constructed evaluation questionnaire. Statistical analyses were conducted using Geographically Weighted Regression and Geographically Weighted Logistic Regression for global and local effects on green exposure and multidimensional health. RESULT Among the investigated individuals, only 3.55 % (32/902) fully meet the 3-30-300 rule in Xiamen. Global results show that individuals achieved at least 30 % vegetation coverage (Yes) is associated with better physical (β: 0.76, p < 0.01) and social (β: 0.5, p < 0.01) health. GWLR global results indicate that individuals can "see at least 3 trees from home" meeting one (OR = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.25-0.86, p < 0.05) or two (OR = 0.41, 95%CI: 0.22,0.78, p < 0.01; OR = 0.24, 95%CI: 0.07-0.77, p < 0.05) 3-30-300 rule components are significantly associated with reduced medical visits and hospitalizations refer to not met these criterias. In the GWR local analysis, achieved 30 % vegetation cover is significantly related to improved social health at all locations. Meeting any two indicators also contribute to improved social health (n = 511, β: 0.46-0.51, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Green exposure indicators based on the 3-30-300 rule guiding healthy urban green space development. We observed multidimensional health benefits when 1/3 or 2/3 of the indicators were met.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham, Ningbo 315100, China.
| | - Tao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Digital Technology for Territorial Space Analysis and Simulation, Fuzhou 350108, China; CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315800, China.
| | - Nicholas A S Hamm
- School of Geographical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham, Ningbo 315100, China.
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Tongyu Zhou
- Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China.
| | - Hongkai Geng
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Junmao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Hong Ye
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Digital Technology for Territorial Space Analysis and Simulation, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Guoqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Digital Technology for Territorial Space Analysis and Simulation, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham, Ningbo 315100, China.
| | - Tianyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Digital Technology for Territorial Space Analysis and Simulation, Fuzhou 350108, China.
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Tsoi A, Gomez A, Boström C, Pezzella D, Chow JW, Girard-Guyonvarc'h C, Stamm T, Arnaud L, Parodis I. Efficacy of lifestyle interventions in the management of systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review of the literature. Rheumatol Int 2024; 44:765-778. [PMID: 38451302 PMCID: PMC10980639 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-024-05548-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
We performed a systematic review to explore existing evidence regarding the efficacy of lifestyle interventions for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The search was conducted on the 22nd of June 2021 for publications between 1st of January 2000 and the date of search. Additional articles within the aforementioned timeframe and until December 2023 were added by hand searching. Databases utilized were Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Cinahl. Lifestyle interventions were defined as any intervention encompassing one or more of the following: physical exercise, diet and nutrition, mental health, harmful exposures, sleep, and social relations. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools were used for risk of bias assessment. The search yielded 11,274 unique records, we assessed the full text of 199 records, and finally included 102 studies. Overall, the quality of the evidence is limited, and there were multiple sources of heterogeneity. The two domains most extensively researched were mental health (40 records) and physical exercise (39 records). Psychological interventions had a positive effect on depressive symptoms, anxiety, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), whereas physical exercise improved fatigue, depressive symptoms, aerobic capacity, and physical functioning. Studies on diet and nutrition (15 records) support that low fat intake and Mediterranean diet may be beneficial for reducing cardiovascular risk, but large interventional studies are lacking. Studies on harmful exposures (7 records) support photoprotection and use of sunscreen. While studies imply benefits regarding disease burden and drug efficacy in non-smokers and regarding HRQoL in normal-weight patients, more survey is needed on tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption, as well as weight control strategies. Studies on social relations (1 record) and sleep (no records) were sparse or non-existent. In conclusion, psychosocial interventions are viable for managing depressive symptoms, and exercise appears essential for reducing fatigue and improving aerobic capacity and physical function. Photoprotection should be recommended to all patients. Lifestyle interventions should be considered a complement, not a substitute, to pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Tsoi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alvaro Gomez
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carina Boström
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Denise Pezzella
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jun Weng Chow
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Girard-Guyonvarc'h
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Geneva and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tanja Stamm
- Section for Outcomes Research, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laurent Arnaud
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Centre National de Référence (RESO), INSERM UMR-S 1109, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ioannis Parodis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
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Hendricks S, Amino N, van Wyk JP, Gouttenbarge V, Mellalieu S, Schlebusch R. Inside edge - prevalence and factors associated with symptoms of anxiety/depression in professional cricketers. Res Sports Med 2024; 32:524-536. [PMID: 36284499 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2022.2139619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to i) determine the prevalence of anxiety/depression symptoms in professional cricketers and ii) identify factors associated with symptoms of anxiety/depression. One-hundred and seventy-seven (n = 177, response rate of 76%) professional cricketers completed the General Health Questionnaire 12 (GHQ-12). Odd ratios (OR) for anxiety/depression symptoms were related to players' career, family and education. Prevalence of symptoms of anxiety/depression was 59% (n = 104/177). Anxiety/depression symptoms increased when players were contracted for more than 2 years (OR: 5.0; 95% CI: 1.2-21.3; p = 0.028) and if they played their last offseason overseas (OR: 3.5; 95% CI: 1.3-9.6; p = 0.013). Anxiety/depression symptoms decreased by 70% when players made "productive use" of their time in the offseason (OR: 0.3; 95% CI: 0.1-0.9; p = 0.036) and contracted for 2 years (OR: 0.3; 95% CI: 0.1-1.0; p = 0.049). These findings can be incorporated into cricket mental health literacy programmes to improve awareness and understanding, and to encourage early help-seeking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharief Hendricks
- Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport (HPALS) Research Centre, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Nur Amino
- Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - J P van Wyk
- South African Cricketers' Association, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Vincent Gouttenbarge
- Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports (ACHSS), IOC Research Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Section Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Stephen Mellalieu
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ruan Schlebusch
- South African Cricketers' Association, Cape Town, South Africa
- Sportsthink 360, Claremont, Cape Town, South Africa
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20
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Sethi S, Wakeham D, Ketter T, Hooshmand F, Bjornstad J, Richards B, Westman E, Krauss RM, Saslow L. Ketogenic Diet Intervention on Metabolic and Psychiatric Health in Bipolar and Schizophrenia: A Pilot Trial. Psychiatry Res 2024; 335:115866. [PMID: 38547601 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The ketogenic diet (KD, also known as metabolic therapy) has been successful in the treatment of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and epilepsy. More recently, this treatment has shown promise in the treatment of psychiatric illness. We conducted a 4-month pilot study to investigate the effects of a KD on individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder with existing metabolic abnormalities. Twenty-three participants were enrolled in a single-arm trial. Results showcased improvements in metabolic health, with no participants meeting metabolic syndrome criteria by study conclusion. Adherent individuals experienced significant reduction in weight (12 %), BMI (12 %), waist circumference (13 %), and visceral adipose tissue (36 %). Observed biomarker enhancements in this population include a 27 % decrease in HOMA-IR, and a 25 % drop in triglyceride levels. In psychiatric measurements, participants with schizophrenia showed a 32 % reduction in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores. Overall Clinical Global Impression (CGI) severity improved by an average of 31 %, and the proportion of participants that started with elevated symptomatology improved at least 1-point on CGI (79 %). Psychiatric outcomes across the cohort encompassed increased life satisfaction (17 %) and enhanced sleep quality (19 %). This pilot trial underscores the potential advantages of adjunctive ketogenic dietary treatment in individuals grappling with serious mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shebani Sethi
- Metabolic Psychiatry, Dept. of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Diane Wakeham
- Metabolic Psychiatry, Dept. of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Terence Ketter
- Metabolic Psychiatry, Dept. of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Farnaz Hooshmand
- Metabolic Psychiatry, Dept. of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Julia Bjornstad
- Metabolic Psychiatry, Dept. of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Blair Richards
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric Westman
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ronald M Krauss
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laura Saslow
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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21
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Zhang Z, Wang W, Yuan X, Wang X, Luo Y, Dou L, Zhang L, Wu M. Adverse childhood experiences and subsequent physical and mental health among young adults: Results from six universities in China. Psychiatry Res 2024; 335:115832. [PMID: 38471243 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Research has shown that individuals with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are more likely to encounter heightened risks of physical and psychological challenges later in life. However, limited research has explored the comprehensive impact on the physical and mental health of young adults. Thus, we conducted a study to investigate the associations of ACEs with the physical and mental health of 18,723 college students in China. Their physical and mental health status was assessed using self-perceived health assessments, self-reported disease diagnoses, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7-item scale. Results showed that 82.6 % of participants had experienced at least one ACE, with 10.7 % reporting exposure to four or more ACEs. Compared to participants with low ACEs exposure (≤ 1), participants with high ACEs exposure (≥ 4) had a nearly twofold increase in the odds of cardiometabolic diseases (OR [95 % CI] = 2.06 [1.55-2.74]) and fractures (2.32 [1.88-2.87]). Additionally, individuals with high ACE exposure exhibited a threefold increased odds of severe anxiety symptoms (3.78 [2.59-5.51]) and bipolar disorder/schizophrenia (3.38 [2.18-5.23]). These findings highlight ACEs as a significant risk factor for poor physical and mental health among young adults. Targeted support and interventions for individuals with multiple ACEs may help mitigate their long-term disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, PR China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wenhua Wang
- Shaanxi Medical Association, Xi'an, PR China; Shaanxi Provincial Health Industry Association Service Center, Xi'an, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Yuan
- Shaanxi Medical Association, Xi'an, PR China; Shaanxi Provincial Health Industry Association Service Center, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xue Wang
- Shaanxi Medical Association, Xi'an, PR China; Shaanxi Provincial Health Industry Association Service Center, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yi Luo
- Shaanxi Medical Association, Xi'an, PR China; Shaanxi Provincial Health Industry Association Service Center, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Linfei Dou
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shaanxi Medical Association, Xi'an, PR China; Shaanxi Provincial Health Industry Association Service Center, Xi'an, PR China.
| | - Mingyang Wu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, PR China.
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22
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Urichuk M, Zrinyi A, Keijzer R, Lum Min SA. Prevalence of Mental Health Disorders in Individuals With Gastrointestinal Congenital Surgical Anomalies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Pediatr Surg 2024; 59:924-929. [PMID: 38388285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies examining functional outcomes and health-related quality of life for patients with congenital surgical anomalies (CSA) are increasingly common. However, the prevalence of mental health disorders in this population has not been determined. The purpose of this review is to summarize the reported prevalence of mental health disorders in children born with gastrointestinal CSA. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was conducted on Medline (OVID), EMBASE (OVID), CINAHL (EbscoHost), and Scopus to identify studies reporting mental health diagnoses in children with a gastrointestinal CSA. A meta-analysis of the prevalence of anxiety disorders and depressive disorders was completed. RESULTS Of 2546 manuscripts, seven met the inclusion criteria. All included manuscripts looked at patients with anorectal malformation (ARM) and/or Hirschsprung disease (HD). No studies assessed other gastrointestinal CSAs. A total of 183 psychiatric diagnoses were reported in 1167 patients. A pooled analysis of ARM patients revealed a 14.0% prevalence of anxiety disorders (N = 208; CI95 = 4.4-23.4%) and an 18.75% prevalence of depressive disorders (N = 48; CI95 = 7.7-29.8%). A pooled analysis of HD patients revealed a 15.8% prevalence of anxiety disorders (N = 19; CI95 = 0.6-32.2%) and a 4.75% prevalence of depressive disorders (N = 758; CI95 = 3.23-6.26%). CONCLUSIONS There is a paucity of evidence on mental health outcomes of individuals born with gastrointestinal CSA. However, the available evidence suggested a high prevalence of mental health diagnoses in individuals born with ARM or HD with 1 in 7 having an anxiety disorder. Additionally, 1 in 5 ARM patients and 1 in 20 HD patients were diagnosed with a depressive disorder. TYPE OF STUDY Systematic review and meta-analysis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Urichuk
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics & Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Anna Zrinyi
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics & Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Richard Keijzer
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics & Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
| | - Suyin A Lum Min
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics & Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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23
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Haywood D, Kotov R, Krueger RF, Wright AGC, Forbes MK, Dauer E, Baughman FD, Rossell SL, Hart NH. Is it time to discard the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) in psycho-oncology? Cancer Lett 2024; 589:216818. [PMID: 38554804 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The conceptual basis of psychopathology within cancer survivorship is critical, as the chosen conceptualisation informs assessment and explanatory models, as well as interventions and supportive care approaches. The validity of a chosen conceptualisation of psychopathology is therefore paramount for ensuring cancer survivors receive high-quality and efficacious care and support that can be iteratively improved via coordinated research efforts. In this paper, we discuss the traditional diagnostic approach to conceptualising psychopathology within cancer care, including the diagnostic system the 'Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders' (DSM) [1], and the significant issues it presents within cancer survivorship. We detail and discuss how an alternate conceptualisation of psychopathology may enhance both research and practice within psycho-oncology. We ultimately pose, and provide our perspective, on the question "Is it Time to Discard the DSM in Psycho-Oncology?"
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Haywood
- Human Performance Research Centre, INSIGHT Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Mental Health, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia.
| | - Roman Kotov
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Robert F Krueger
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Aidan G C Wright
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Eisenberg Family Depression Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Miriam K Forbes
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Evan Dauer
- Human Performance Research Centre, INSIGHT Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Mental Health, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Frank D Baughman
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Susan L Rossell
- Department of Mental Health, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Hart
- Human Performance Research Centre, INSIGHT Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, NSW, Australia; Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Exercise Medicine Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia; Cancer and Palliative Care Outcomes Centre, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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24
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Semenza DC, Silver IA, Jackson DB. Youth Incarceration in Adult Facilities and Mental Health in Early Adulthood. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:989-995. [PMID: 38402473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the relationship between youth incarceration in adult correctional facilities and mental health in early adulthood. METHODS We analyzed nationally representative data from 1997 through 2019 (N = 8,961) using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997. An ordinary least squares regression model using inverse probability weights was used to assess the influence of youth incarceration in an adult facility on average mental health scores from age 18 to 37. RESULTS Respondents incarcerated in an adult facility as a youth had poorer average mental health than those not held in adult prisons or jails over the course of the study period. Those incarcerated for longer in adult facilities also exhibited more mental health symptoms. DISCUSSION Young people incarcerated in adult correctional facilities experience poorer long-term mental health related to depression and anxiety in early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Semenza
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Criminal Justice, Rutgers University, Camden, New Jersey; Department of Urban-Global Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey; New Jersey Gun Violence Research Center, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey.
| | - Ian A Silver
- Center for Legal Systems Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Dylan B Jackson
- Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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25
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Cheng WH, Quan Y, Thompson WF. The effect of dance on mental health and quality of life of people with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and three-level meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 120:105326. [PMID: 38237379 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Dance has emerged as a comprehensive intervention for enhancing well-being in this population. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of dance on mental health and quality of life among individuals with PD. METHODS Three databases were searched in December 2022. Research papers comparing the effects of dance with a non-dance control on the quality of life or mental health of individuals with PD were included. Two authors independently screened the studies, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality of eligible studies. To address the interdependence of effect sizes within studies, the three-level meta-analysis approach was employed to analyze the data. RESULTS Thirteen trials involving a total of 496 participants were included, with 11 being subjected to statistical analysis. The results indicated that dance had a positive impact on mental health (g = 0.43, 95 % CI = [0.11, 0.75]) and quality of life (g = 0.46, 95 % CI = [-0.04, 0.95]) when compared to passive control groups. Moderator analyses revealed that non-partnered dance and dance interventions with lower total dosages were particularly beneficial for mental health. CONCLUSION Dance interventions are an effective lifestyle activity for enhancing mental health and quality of life in individuals with PD. A theoretical framework is proposed to explain the impact of dance on well-being from neurological, social, physical, and psychological perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsin Cheng
- Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Queensland 4229, Australia
| | - Yixue Quan
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - William Forde Thompson
- Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Queensland 4229, Australia; School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia.
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26
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Yang J, Lee SG. Association between retirement age and depressive symptoms among Korean retirees: Results from Korean Retirement and Income Panel Study. J Affect Disord 2024; 352:454-459. [PMID: 38403136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effective age of retirement in South Korea is higher than the average of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Early retirement in Asia may affect mental health differently compared to western countries. Thus, we examined the association between retirement age and depressive symptoms among South Korean retirees. METHODS We used data from the 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, and 2019 Korean Retirement and Income Panel Study, including a total of 2998, 3152, 3203, 3154, and 3055 participants, respectively. We excluded those younger than 50 years, non-retirees, those without information on the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale, and those with other missing values. We used a generalized estimating equation model to identify the association between retirement age and depressive symptoms measured using the CES-D. RESULTS Participants who retired at age < 50 years had significantly higher CES-D scores (β = 1.764, P = 0.0003) compared to those who retired at age ≥ 70 years. The negative effects of early retirement on depressive symptoms were greater among male participants, heads of households, young involuntary retirees, those who retired within the past 20 years, and those who had no difficulties in activities of daily living. LIMITATIONS Since we evaluated the association between retirement age and depressive symptoms in one direction, there is a possibility of reverse causality. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the importance of managing depressive symptoms in early retirees, especially young involuntary retirees and those burdened with family care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Yang
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Division of New Health Technology Assessment, National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency, Seoul 04933, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Gyu Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Bartoletti M, Bussini L, Bavaro DF, Cento V. What do clinicians mean by epidemics' preparedness. Clin Microbiol Infect 2024; 30:586-591. [PMID: 37327873 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infectious disease pandemics and epidemics pose significant global threats, and the risk of emerging infectious diseases has increased because of factors such as international connections, travel, and population density. Despite investments in global health surveillance, much of the world remains unprepared to manage infectious disease threats. OBJECTIVES This review article discusses the general considerations and lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of epidemic preparedness. SOURCES Non-systematic search on PubMed, scientific society websites, and scientific newspapers (performed in April 2023). CONTENT Key factors for preparedness include robust public health infrastructure, adequate allocation of resources, and effective communication between stakeholders. This narrative review emphasizes the need for timely and accurate dissemination of medical knowledge, as well as addressing the challenges of misinformation and infodemics. It also highlights the importance of quick availability of diagnostic tests and vaccines, ensuring equitable access to these technologies. The role of scientific coordination in developing treatment strategies and the safety and mental well-being of healthcare workers are discussed. Lastly, it should be emphasized the need for medical training, multidisciplinary teams, new technologies and artificial intelligence, and the active role of infectious disease physicians in epidemic preparedness efforts. IMPLICATIONS From clinicians' perspective, healthcare authorities play a crucial role in epidemic preparedness even by providing resource management plans, ensuring availability of essential supplies and training, facilitating communication, and improving safe infection management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Bartoletti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy; Infectious Disease Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Linda Bussini
- Infectious Disease Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Fiore Bavaro
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Valeria Cento
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy; Microbiology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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28
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Yang L, Tibbo PG, Stewart SH, Simon P, Bullerwell M, Wang J. A cross-sectional study of the relationship between frequency of cannabis use and psychiatric symptoms among people seeking mental health and addiction services in Nova Scotia (2019-21). J Psychiatr Res 2024; 173:104-110. [PMID: 38518571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cannabis use may be a modifiable risk factor for mental health problems; however, the role of cannabis use frequency in population seeking mental health and addiction services remains unclear. This study aimed to: 1) compare the prevalence and functional impact of psychiatric symptoms among frequent, infrequent, and non-users of cannabis; and 2) evaluate the associations between cannabis use frequency and functional impact of psychiatric symptoms in help-seeking individuals. METHODS Data from the Mental Health and Addictions (MHA) Central Intake system in Nova Scotia, Canada was used. Participants aged 19-64 who received MHA Intake assessments from September 2019 to December 2021 with complete information about substance use were included (N = 20,611). Cannabis use frequency over past 30 days was categorized into frequent (>4 times a month), infrequent (≤4 times a month), and non-use. Psychiatric symptomatology consists of five domains: mood, anxiety, psychosis, cognition, and externalizing behaviors. Multivariate ordinal logistic regression was used to examine the associations between cannabis use frequency and functional impact of psychiatric symptoms. RESULTS Frequent and infrequent cannabis users had a higher prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in each domain than non-users, while no significant differences were found between frequent and infrequent users. Frequent cannabis use was associated with greater functional impact of psychiatric symptoms in each domain compared to non-users, while infrequent use was only associated with greater functional impact of externalizing behaviors. CONCLUSION Frequent cannabis use is associated with increased prevalence and functional impact of psychiatric symptoms among adults seeking mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Canada
| | - Philip G Tibbo
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Canada; Early Psychosis Intervention Nova Scotia, Nova Scotia Health, Canada
| | - Sherry H Stewart
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Canada; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Dalhousie University, Canada
| | - Patryk Simon
- Mental Health and Addiction Program, Nova Scotia Health, Canada
| | | | - JianLi Wang
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Canada.
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29
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Young S. Debate: Involuntary treatment and detention are a necessary part of mental health care for children and young people - a perspective from an Independent Advocate in England, United Kingdom. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2024; 29:209-210. [PMID: 38487980 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This is a perspective from an Independent Advocate in England, United Kingdom on the importance of equality in the involuntary treatment of children and young people (CYP). The article highlights the need for safeguards when CYP require detention as part of their mental health care. The paper raises concern that CYP and their families who are less empowered to advocate for optimal care plans may be at risk of less satisfactory outcomes from mental health detention. It notes that CYP in the care system may be particularly vulnerable to such outcomes due to their lower levels empowerment. To mitigate this risk, services need to be proactive in reducing inequity arising from differential levels of empowerment among service users. This could be achieved by adopting strong participation and coproduction activities and ensuring access to Advocacy services for all CYP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Young
- Independent Advocate, Real Advocacy, Manchester, UK
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30
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Aggarwal RA, Fields CD, van Zuilen MH. Mental Health for LGBTQIA+ Older Adults. Clin Geriatr Med 2024; 40:299-308. [PMID: 38521600 DOI: 10.1016/j.cger.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
LGBTQIA+ older adults share a unique set of risk factors that impact mental health. This article provides an overview of the minority stress and allostatic load models and how they can lead to worse physical and mental health outcomes. The article also describes unique epidemiologic and psychosocial context for various aspects of mental health among LGBTQIA+ older adults. Within each section are suggestions for health care providers when addressing these mental health issues and caring for LGBTQIA+ older adults in all settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohin A Aggarwal
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Cynthia D Fields
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Meyer 235, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Maria H van Zuilen
- Department of Medical Education, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine (R53), 1600 NW 19th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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31
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Vanroelen C, Padrosa Sayeras E, Gevaert J, Huegaerts K, Vos M, Bosmans K. Precarious employment and mental health in the Belgian service voucher system: the role of working conditions and perceived financial strain. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:435-450. [PMID: 38530482 PMCID: PMC10999388 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-024-02057-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Jobs in domestic cleaning are often conceived as 'precarious employment' (PE)-i.e. a multidimensional concept referring to accumulated adverse characteristics of employment due to workers' weak bargaining position. Against this background, the Belgian service voucher system (SVS) was implemented aimed at creating formal and stable, subsidized domestic services jobs. PURPOSE The current study assesses the relationship between PE and mental health (WHO5) in the Belgian SVS, accounting for the potential mediating role of working conditions and perceived financial strain at the household level. METHODS We analysed a cross-sectional sample of 1,115 Belgian SVS domestic cleaners, collected in 2019 through an online survey. A mediation model was estimated. RESULTS The crude effect of PE on adverse mental health was strong (ß 0.545-S.E. 0.063). However, 50% of the association between PE and mental well-being was mediated by work task characteristics (quantitative demands, physical demands, task variation and autonomy) and 25% by household-level perceived financial strain. The remaining direct effect of PE on adverse mental well-being is ß 0.066 (S.E. 0.032-25% of the total effect). CONCLUSION These findings are the first based on the Belgian Employment Precariousness Scale (EPRES-BE) and are consistent with earlier-made-but seldom simultaneously tested-assumptions on the mechanisms relating PE to adverse mental health-i.e. involving direct associations and indirect associations via adverse working conditions and material deprivation. Based on the results, we recommend more democratic and higher-quality management practices in the SVS, in addition to higher wages and working time reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Vanroelen
- Brussels Institute for Social and Population Studies, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Eva Padrosa Sayeras
- ESIMar (Mar Nursing School), Parc de Salut Mar, Universitat Pompeu Fabra-Affiliated, Barcelona, Spain
- SDHEd (Social Determinants and Health Education Research Group), IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
- GREDS-EMCONET (Research Group On Health Inequalities, Environment, Employment Conditions Network), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jessie Gevaert
- Brussels Institute for Social and Population Studies, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kelly Huegaerts
- Brussels Institute for Social and Population Studies, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mattias Vos
- Brussels Institute for Social and Population Studies, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kim Bosmans
- Brussels Institute for Social and Population Studies, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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32
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Hennekes ME, Li S, Bennie J, Makhni EC. What does routine depression screening in the ambulatory orthopedic clinic teach us? Results from nearly 60,000 patient encounters. J Orthop 2024; 51:81-86. [PMID: 38333047 PMCID: PMC10847749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background It remains unclear what role depression screening plays in routine ambulatory orthopedic care. The purpose of this study was to determine (1) the floor and ceiling effects of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Depression (PROMIS-D) form, (2) the prevalence of positive PROMIS-D screening forms across an orthopedic service line, and (3) the prevalence of previously diagnosed depression and interventions among a representative sample of patients. Methods This retrospective study analyzed 58,227 patients who presented to ambulatory orthopedic clinics across an orthopedic service line between January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021. All patients completed a self-administered PROMIS-D form as part of the ambulatory encounter. Scores were analyzed with respect to patient characteristics including age, gender, and presenting orthopedic complaint. A sample of 1000 patients was evaluated for prevalence of depressive symptoms and formal psychiatric diagnosis and interventions in the 5 years preceding the clinic visit. Results PROMIS-D displayed a negligible ceiling effect (<0.001 %) but a large floor effect (19.0 %). PROMIS-D scores indicating depressive symptoms were highest among patients presenting with spine complaints (42.8 %) and lowest among patients presenting to orthopedic pediatric clinics (28.6 %). Women and those in the lowest quartile median household income (MHI) were more likely to report depressive symptoms. Among the 1000 patient sample, 31.3 % exhibited depressive symptoms. Of these, 39 % had previously received some form of mental health treatment, including 33.2 % who were prescribed antidepressants. Conclusions PROMIS-D is a useful screening questionnaire for patients in the orthopedic clinic, although there is a consistent floor effect. There are a number of patients who present to the orthopedic clinic who have depressive symptoms but have had no interaction with behavioral health. Given the impact depression can have on outcomes, screening for depressive symptoms should be considered as part of routine orthopedic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stanley Li
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, 15 E Michigan St NE, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Justin Bennie
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E Canfield St, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Eric C. Makhni
- Henry Ford Health, 2799 W. Grand Blvd, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
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Qian X, Yuan S. AI-powered mental health communication: Examining the effects of affection expectations on health behavioral intentions. Patient Educ Couns 2024; 122:108142. [PMID: 38237529 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2024.108142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study proposed and examined users' expectations of chatbots in mental health communication and compared them with human doctors. Focusing on the affective expectation, we aimed to unveil the impacts of changes in affection on individuals' expectations and behavioral intentions. METHODS A 2 (chatbot vs. human doctor) x 2 (affective vs. neutral) online experiment (N = 364) was conducted. Participants were asked about their expectations towards communicating health with chatbots and human doctors, watched pre-recorded conversations, and answered questions about expectancy violation toward affection and willingness to further health actions. RESULTS Individuals have higher expectations from human doctors in almost all aspects. Individuals' expectation of online chat with doctors is more likely to be violated compared with chatbots. Significant results are found on individuals' behavioral intentions, with a greater likelihood of switching to online chatbots when chatbots use an affective approach or doctors use a neutral tone. Individual's past experiences with chatbots play a key role in expectancy violations. CONCLUSION Individuals have higher expectations of human doctors, but using an affective approach may better meet individuals' expectations toward chatbots and switch their behavioral intentions. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Chatbots that meet expectations can be designed and applied to address mental health concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Qian
- Department of Communication, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, IL 60115, USA
| | - Shupei Yuan
- Department of Communication, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, IL 60115, USA.
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Abstract
The launch of Open AI's chatbot, ChatGPT, has generated a lot of attention and discussion among professionals in several fields. Many concerns and challenges have been brought up by researchers from various fields, particularly in relation to the harm that using these tools for medical diagnosis and treatment recommendations can cause. In addition, it has been debated if ChatGPT is dependable, efficient, and helpful for clinicians and medical professionals. Therefore, in this study, we assess ChatGPT's effectiveness in providing mental health support, particularly for issues related to anxiety and depression, based on the chatbot's responses and cross-questioning. The findings indicate that there are significant inconsistencies and that ChatGPT's reliability is low in this specific domain. As a result, care must be used when using ChatGPT as a complementary mental health resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Farhat
- Section of Parasitology, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, 202002, India.
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Li H, He W, Liu G. Exercise habits and health behaviors on adolescent obesity. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 245:104199. [PMID: 38490131 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Obesity among children and adolescents continues to increase globally, and it is important to determine the factors associated with obesity among adolescents for the prevention and reduction of obesity. The purpose of this study is to understand the factors associated with the increase in the obesity rate among adolescents, providing a reference basis for the development of projects aimed at promoting adolescent health. METHODS Using the raw data of 2021 adolescent health behavior online survey, this study analyzed demographic sociological factors, mental health, exercise habits, health behaviors and other categorical variables, and conducted the frequency, χ2 test for the difference in the proportion of obese and non-obese. According to the hierarchy model of obesity-related variables, binary logistics regression is used for multivariate analysis. This study used the original data of the 2021 Youth Health Behavior Online Survey, and performed frequency, χ2 tests on the differences in the proportion of obese and non-obese for categorical variables such as demographic sociological factors, mental health, exercise habits, and health behaviors. Multivariate analysis was performed using binary logistic regression based on hierarchical models of obesity-related variables. RESULTS The obesity rate among Korean adolescents was 18.25 %. The obesity risk for females was reduced by 0.344 times compared to males (95 % CI = 0.327-0.361, p < 0.001); high school students had a 1.4 times higher obesity risk than middle school students (95 % CI = 1.379-1.511, p < 0.001); students with "Subjective household economic status" rated as "Medium" and 'Low' had their obesity risk increased by 1.07 times (95 % CI = 1.020-1.124, p < 0.01) and 1.254 times (95 % CI = 1.165-1.350, p < 0.001), respectively, compared to students with 'Subjective household economic status' rated as 'High'; students with 'Moderate' and 'Low' levels of 'Perceived stress' had their obesity risk reduced by 0.78 times (95 % CI = 0.74-0.823, P < 0.001) and 0.75 times (95 % CI = 0.70-0.803, P < 0.001), respectively, compared to students with 'High' levels of 'Perceived stress'; students engaging in 'Muscle strengthening exercise' '1-2 times/week' and "≥ 3 times/week" had their obesity risk reduced by 0.844 times (95% CI = 0.797-0.895, P < 0.001) and 0.575 times (95% CI = 0.537-0.616, P < 0.001), respectively, compared to students not participating in "Muscle strengthening exercise". CONCLUSION The obesity rate of boys is higher than that of girls and high school students is higher than that of middle school students, and obesity is inversely proportional to family economic status. Mental health factors, exercise habits and eating habits are all important factors affecting adolescent obesity. It is suggested that gender differences, psychological factors, health habits, obesity education and healthy eating habits suitable for different age groups should be considered in the formulation of adolescent obesity policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Li
- Department of Sport Leisure, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul 02844, Republic of Korea
| | - Weidong He
- School of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Guifang Liu
- School of Physical Education, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China.
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Halsall T, Daley M, Hawke LD, Henderson J, Wilson A, Matheson K. "I Think Peer Support Helps to Demystify People Who Have Mental Health Issues and Helps to Remove That Stigma": Exploring the Defining Characteristics and Related Challenges of Youth Peer Support Through Participatory Research. Community Ment Health J 2024; 60:784-795. [PMID: 38430287 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01235-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Despite the emerging body of literature on the benefits of youth peer support, there is also evidence that peer support can have unintended negative impacts on peers themselves. It is important to explore what aspects of the peer role contribute to these difficulties in order to mitigate risks. This paper uses a participatory approach to examine the unique attributes of youth peer practice and the related challenges. We conducted semi-structured interviews and focus groups with both peer and non-peer staff from a community-based youth mental health program that provides peer support services (N = 29). Thematic analyses were completed using QSR NVivo. Analyses capture the defining features and related challenges of the peer support role (self-disclosure, boundaries, role confusion and dynamic recovery), and risk factors that affect peers (stigma, exposure to harm and burnout). This paper contributes to the literature on peer support as well as youth participatory evaluation. The findings will be useful to support the development of improved organizational contexts for peer practice and more effective peer support programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Halsall
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, 1145 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1Z 7K4, Canada.
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Mardi Daley
- LOFT Community Services, 721 Bloor St. W Suite 301, Toronto, ON, M6G 1L5, Canada
| | - Lisa D Hawke
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1000 Queen St W, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1L8, Canada
| | - Jo Henderson
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1000 Queen St W, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1L8, Canada
| | - Anne Wilson
- LOFT Community Services, 721 Bloor St. W Suite 301, Toronto, ON, M6G 1L5, Canada
| | - Kimberly Matheson
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, 1145 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1Z 7K4, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
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Tran QD. Going Beyond Waitlists in Mental Healthcare. Community Ment Health J 2024; 60:629-634. [PMID: 38324069 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01233-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Managing waitlists for outpatient mental health services particularly in community health settings is difficult to standardize, poses an administrative burden, and are barriers rather than gateways to access to care particularly for low-income communities. While telehealth has initially expanded access to mental healthcare at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, it has not resolved the challenges associated with the increasing demand for services and the shortage of available providers. This commentary explores the intricate interconnections between wait times, readiness for and appropriateness of therapy, and engagement in treatment. Drawing on insights from waiting line theory to question the attachment to and utility of waitlists for non-emergency, outpatient mental healthcare, this commentary questions the utility and efficacy of waitlists. Alternative solutions that capitalize on community resources and collaboration and harness patients' agency for change are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang D Tran
- Health Equity Research Lab, Cambridge Health Alliance/Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Counseling, Developmental, and Educational Psychology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
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Urichuk M, Singh C, Zrinyi A, Lum Min SA, Keijzer R. Mental Health Outcomes of Mothers of Children With Congenital Gastrointestinal Anomalies Are Similar to Control Mothers: A Longitudinal Retrospective Cohort Study. J Pediatr Surg 2024; 59:918-923. [PMID: 38365470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mothers of infants born with congenital gastrointestinal surgical anomalies experience a unique caregiving role. Whether these challenges result in more mental health diagnoses than the general population is unknown. This study assessed mental health diagnoses in mothers of children born with congenital surgical anomalies (CSA) compared to mothers of children without CSA. METHODS A total of 780 mothers of children with CSA (case-mothers) and 6994 control-mothers were included. Mental health diagnoses were obtained using International Classification of Diseases 9 codes from an administrative database. Multivariate hazard ratios (HR) of mental health diagnoses were determined for mothers following childbirth, controlling for socioeconomic status, mental health diagnoses prior to childbirth, and age at childbirth. Subgroup analyses were completed for anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The association between a woman's mental health history and becoming a case-mother was analyzed using risk ratios (RR). RESULTS Case-mothers were not at increased risk of mental health disorders compared to controls (HR = 1.00; CI95 = 0.92-1.09). In aggregate analysis, no increased risk of anxiety, depression, or PTSD was found. Subgroup analyses revealed that congenital diaphragmatic hernia case-mothers had an increased risk of depression (HR = 1.43; CI95 = 1.08-1.88). No other case-mothers were at increased risk of mental health diagnoses, anxiety, depression, or PTSD. Only omphalocele was associated with mental health diagnoses before childbirth (RR = 1.89; CI95 = 1.58-2.26). CONCLUSIONS Collectively, mothers of children with CSAs did not have a greater risk of a mental health disorder, anxiety, depression, or PTSD compared to control-mothers. Only mothers of children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia had an increased risk of depression. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Urichuk
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics & Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Charanpal Singh
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics & Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Anna Zrinyi
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics & Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Suyin A Lum Min
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics & Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Richard Keijzer
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics & Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Boama-Nyarko E, Flahive J, Zimmermann M, Allison JJ, Person S, Moore Simas TA, Byatt N. Examining racial/ethnic inequities in treatment participation among perinatal individuals with depression. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2024; 88:23-29. [PMID: 38452405 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) of two interventions for addressing perinatal depression treatment in obstetric settings was conducted. This secondary analysis compared treatment referral and participation among Minoritized perinatal individuals compared to their non-Hispanic white counterparts. METHODS Among perinatal individuals with depression symptoms, we examined rates of treatment 1) referral (i.e., offered medications or referred to mental health clinician), 2) initiation (i.e., attended ≥1 mental health visit or reported prescribed antidepressant medication), and 3) sustainment (i.e., attended >1 mental health visit per study month or prescribed antidepressant medication at time of study interviews). We compared non-Hispanic white (NHW) (n = 149) vs. Minoritized perinatal individuals (Black, Asian, Hispanic/Latina, Pacific Islander, Native American, Multiracial, and white Hispanic/Latina n = 157). We calculated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for each outcome. RESULTS Minoritized perinatal individuals across both interventions had significantly lower odds of treatment referral (aOR = 0.48;95% CI = 0.27-0.88) than their NHW counterparts. There were no statistically significant differences in the odds of treatment initiation (aOR = 0.64 95% CI:0.36-1.2) or sustainment (aOR = 0.54;95% CI = 0.28-1.1) by race/ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS Perinatal mental healthcare inequities are associated with disparities in treatment referrals. Interventions focusing on referral disparities across race and ethnicity are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Boama-Nyarko
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue, Worcester, MA 01655, United States of America; Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue, Worcester, MA 01655, United States of America.
| | - Julie Flahive
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue, Worcester, MA 01655, United States of America.
| | - Martha Zimmermann
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue, Worcester, MA 01655, United States of America.
| | - Jeroan J Allison
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue, Worcester, MA 01655, United States of America.
| | - Sharina Person
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue, Worcester, MA 01655, United States of America.
| | - Tiffany A Moore Simas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue, Worcester, MA 01655, United States of America; Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue, Worcester, MA 01655, United States of America; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue, Worcester, MA 01655, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue, Worcester, MA 01655, United States of America; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, UMass Memorial Health Care, Worcester, MA 01655, United States of America.
| | - Nancy Byatt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue, Worcester, MA 01655, United States of America; Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue, Worcester, MA 01655, United States of America; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue, Worcester, MA 01655, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, UMass Memorial Health Care, Worcester, MA 01655, United States of America.
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Barría-Sandoval C, Ferreira G, Navarrete JP, Farhang M. The impact of COVID-19 on deaths from dementia and Alzheimer's disease in Chile: an analysis of panel data for 16 regions, 2017-2022. Lancet Reg Health Am 2024; 33:100726. [PMID: 38584874 PMCID: PMC10993180 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2024.100726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Although several studies have documented the detrimental impacts of global COVID-19 containment measures on individuals with Alzheimer's disease and dementia, a comprehensive analysis of mortality rates for these conditions within the Chilean population is notably lacking. This study aimed to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on mortality rates among individuals with dementia and Alzheimer's disease in Chile. Methods A retrospective longitudinal cross-sectional study was conducted, considering mortality data for specific mental health conditions during the pre-pandemic and pandemic contexts of COVID-19 in Chile. Quantile regression techniques were employed to analyze the existence of differences between the two periods, while non-observable heterogeneity models for panel data methods were used to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 mortality on crude mortality rates. Findings Statistically significant differences were observed in the number of deaths from dementia and Alzheimer's disease between the pre-pandemic and COVID-19 pandemic periods. Specifically, crude mortality rates decreased by 10% (-0.10 [95% CI: -0.16, -0.05]) during the pandemic period. Furthermore, the number of deaths from COVID-19 during the pandemic period has a very weak incidence of deaths from mental health conditions such as dementia and Alzheimer's. Specifically, a unit percentage increase in confirmed cases from COVID-19 would result in a 7% (-0.07 [95% CI: -0.13, -0.001]) decrease in the number of deaths from dementia and Alzheimer's. These findings are supported by the application of panel regression with one-way random effects models. Interpretation The study findings indicate a reduction in mortality rates attributed to dementia and Alzheimer's disease during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. This decline could be attributed to the potential underreporting of mental illness as the cause of death during the pandemic period. Several studies have highlighted that approximately 30% of death certificates fail to document the presence of a dementia syndrome. Moreover, the cause of death recorded for individuals with mental health conditions may be influenced by the physician's familiarity with the patient or reflect the prevailing approach to managing end-stage dementia patients. Funding This work received no funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Barría-Sandoval
- Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | | | - Jean Paul Navarrete
- Department of Statistics, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Maryam Farhang
- Facultad de Salud y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Care Research (MICARE), Santiago, Chile
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Altwaijri Y, Benjet C, Al-Habeeb A, Al-Subaie A, Akkad M, Alammar S, Bilal L, Naseem T. Suicidal thoughts and behaviors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. J Affect Disord 2024; 352:429-436. [PMID: 38382818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB) constitute an escalating public health concern globally. Despite the growing burden of suicidal ideation, plan, and attempts, national information on the trends of STB is lacking in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Therefore, we aim to report on the prevalence, correlates, and treatment-seeking behaviors associated with STB in the country using nationally representative information from The Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS). METHODS The SNMHS is a national household survey of Saudi citizens aged 15-65 (n = 4004). The adapted Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) 3.0 was administered to produce lifetime and 12-month prevalence and treatment estimates of STB in the KSA. Associated correlates were calculated using cross tabulations and logistic regressions. RESULTS Suicidal ideation, plan, and attempt had respective lifetime prevalence rates of 4.90 %, 1.78 %, and 1.46 %; 12-month prevalence rates of 1.82 %, 0.89 %, and 0.63 %. Significant correlates of STB include younger age, female gender, low education, urban rearing, and singe marital status. STB were also significantly associated with the presence of prior mental disorders, childhood adversities, and low treatment-seeking. CONCLUSIONS High unmet need and significant sociocultural and psychological risk factors have been identified in association with STB in the KSA. Given the community-based nature of the SNMHS and the limited national data on STB in the Middle East and North Africa region, our findings can extend to inform the necessary healthcare policies, treatment plans, and prevention strategies needed to alleviate the burdens of STB in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Altwaijri
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Research Department, King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Corina Benjet
- Center for Global Mental Health, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Abdulhameed Al-Habeeb
- National Center for Mental Health Promotion, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Al-Subaie
- SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Psychiatry, Edrak Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marya Akkad
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Research Department, King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alammar
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lisa Bilal
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Research Department, King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal Naseem
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Research Department, King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zancu AS, Diaconu-Gherasim LR. Weight stigma and mental health outcomes in early-adolescents. The mediating role of internalized weight bias and body esteem. Appetite 2024; 196:107276. [PMID: 38367911 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight stigma is increasingly common in early adolescence and may lead to weight bias internalization, with negative consequences for mental health outcomes. This study aimed to: examine the relations of perceived weight stigma and internalized weight bias with early adolescents' internalizing symptoms and disordered eating behavior; explore the mediating role of internalized weight bias on the relations of perceived weight stigma with internalizing symptoms and disordered eating behaviors; examine body esteem as a mediator between internalized weight bias and mental health outcomes. METHODS A sample of 406 early adolescents (59.6% girls) aged between 11 and 13 participated in this cross-sectional study. They completed self-report measures assessing perceived weight stigma, internalized weight bias, body esteem, internalizing symptoms and disordered eating. RESULTS Path analysis indicated that perceived weight stigma was positively related with internalizing symptoms and internalized weight bias. Further, internalized weight bias was negatively related with body esteem and positively related with internalizing symptoms and disordered eating. Internalized weight bias mediated the relations of perceived weight stigma with internalizing symptoms, disordered eating and body esteem. Further, body esteem mediated the relations of internalized weight bias with internalizing symptoms and disordered eating behavior. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight internalized weight bias as a psychological mechanism potentially explaining negative links of weight stigma with internalizing symptoms and disordered eating in early adolescence. The results emphasize the need for early intervention during this developmental stage, in order to prevent psychological and behavioral outcomes of weight stigma and internalized weight bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Simona Zancu
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, Romania.
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Saddaf Khan N, Qadir S, Anjum G, Uddin N. StresSense: Real-Time detection of stress-displaying behaviors. Int J Med Inform 2024; 185:105401. [PMID: 38493546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wrist-worn gadgets like smartphones are ideal for unobtrusively gathering user data, in various fields such as health and fitness monitoring, communication, and productivity enhancement. They seamlessly integrate into users' daily lives, providing valuable insights and features without the need for constant attention or disruption. In sensitive domains like mental health, these devices provide user-friendly, privacy-protected means of diagnosis and treatment, offering a secure and cost-effective avenue for seeking help. OBJECTIVES This study addresses the limitations of traditional mental health assessment techniques, such as intrusive sensing and subjective self-reporting, by harnessing the unobtrusive data collection capabilities of smartphones. Equipped with accelerometers and other sensors, these devices offer a novel approach to mental health research. Our objective was to develop methods for real-time detection of stress and boredom behavior markers using smart devices and machine learning algorithms. METHODOLOGY By leveraging data from accelerometers (A), gyroscopes (G), and magnetometers (M), we compiled a dataset indicative of stress-related behaviors and trained various machine-learning models for predictive accuracy. The methodology involved collecting data from motion sensors (A, G, and M) on the dominant arm's wrist-worn smartphone, followed by data preprocessing, transformation from time series format, and training a Deep Neural Network (DNN) model for activity recognition. FINDINGS Remarkably, the DNN achieved an accuracy of 93.50% on test data, outperforming traditional and ensemble machine learning methods across different window sizes, and demonstrated real-time accuracy of 77.78%, validating its practical application. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this research presents a novel dataset for detecting stress and boredom behaviors using smartphones, reducing reliance on costly devices and offering a more objective assessment. It also proposes a DNN-based method for wrist-worn devices to accurately identify complex activities associated with stress and boredom, with benefits in terms of privacy and user convenience. This advancement represents a significant contribution to the field of mental health research, providing a less intrusive and more user-friendly approach to monitoring mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Saddaf Khan
- CITRIC Health Data Science Centre, Medical College, Agha Khan University, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi 74800, Pakistan; Telecommunication Research Lab (TRL), School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Institute of Business Administration, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Saleeta Qadir
- National High-Performance Computing Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schloßplatz 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Telecommunication Research Lab (TRL), School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Institute of Business Administration, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Gulnaz Anjum
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Forskningsveien 3A, Harald Schjelderups hus, 0373 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Nasir Uddin
- School of Computer Science, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Karachi Campus, Pakistan.
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Kamrath C, Tittel SR, Buchal G, Brämswig S, Preiss E, Göldel JM, Wiegand S, Minden K, Warschburger P, Stahl-Pehe A, Holl RW, Lanzinger S. Psychosocial Burden During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes in Germany and Its Association With Metabolic Control. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:900-907. [PMID: 38323968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the psychosocial burden during the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents with type 1 diabetes and its association with metabolic control. METHODS Prospective multicenter observational cohort study based on data from the German Diabetes Prospective Follow-up Registry. Adolescents aged 12-20 years with type 1 diabetes were asked during routine follow-up visits to complete a questionnaire on psychosocial distress and daily use of electronic media during the COVID-19 pandemic from June 2021 to November 2022. Well-being, anxiety, and depression symptoms were assessed using World Health Organization Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5), General Anxiety Disorder scale 7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 questionnaires. The impact of mental health symptoms on metabolic control was analyzed by using multivariable linear regression models adjusted for sex, diabetes duration, treatment, socioeconomic deprivation, and immigrant background. RESULTS Six hundred eighty eight adolescents (45.6% females) from 20 diabetes centers participated. Compared with a prepandemic cohort, WHO-5 scores were lower during the COVID-19 pandemic (estimated mean difference -9.6 [95% confidence interval -11.6; -7.6], p < .001), but GAD-7 scores were not different (estimated mean difference 0.6 [95% confidence interval -0.2; 1.5], p = .14). HbA1c was significantly positively associated with GAD-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and negatively associated with WHO-5 scores (all p < .001). Daily electronic media use was positively associated with adjusted mental health symptoms (all p < .01). DISCUSSION Although the overall well-being of adolescents with type 1 diabetes was reduced during the later phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, the additional psychological burden was relatively low. However, mental health symptoms were associated with poorer metabolic control and higher use of electronic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Kamrath
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Sascha R Tittel
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, CAQM, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | - Eva Preiss
- Divison of Pediatric Diabetology, Darmstädter Kinderkliniken Prinzessin Margaret, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Julia M Göldel
- Department of Psychology, Counseling Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Susanna Wiegand
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Center for Social-Pediatric Care, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin und Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kirsten Minden
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), Program Area Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany; Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, German Charité University Medicine Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin und Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine at Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Warschburger
- Department of Psychology, Counseling Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anna Stahl-Pehe
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Reinhard W Holl
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, CAQM, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefanie Lanzinger
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, CAQM, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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Poirier K, Gauvin L, Haddad S, Bélanger RE, Leatherdale ST, Turcotte-Tremblay AM. Evolution of Sleep Duration and Screen Time Between 2018 and 2022 Among Canadian Adolescents: Evidence of Drifts Accompanying the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:980-988. [PMID: 38340126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We quantified the joint evolution of sleep duration and screen time between 2018 and 2022 in a large sample of adolescents from Quebec, Canada, to ascertain changes that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A natural experiment design was used to compare variations from year to year and in association with the pandemic outbreak. Using structural equation modeling on data collected between 2018 and 2022 among adolescents attending 63 high schools, we analyzed the joint evolution of sleep duration and screen time while adjusting for previous year values, concurrent flourishing score, sex, age, and family level of material deprivation. RESULTS A total of 28,307 adolescents, aged on average 14.9 years, were included in the analyses. Between 2019 and 2022, sleep duration increased by 9.6 (5.7, 13.5) minutes and screen time by 129.2 (120.5, 138.0) minutes on average. In 2022, the adolescents spent almost equal amounts of time sleeping and using screens. Lower flourishing scores were associated with shorter sleep duration and lengthier screen time. Girls' screen time became similar to boys' over time. DISCUSSION Adolescents now spend almost equal amounts of time sleeping and using screens, a situation that calls for urgent public health actions. These findings highlight the importance of tracking changes in adolescents' behaviours over time, to design and implement interventions adapted to the changing health needs of different groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystel Poirier
- Centre de Recherche VITAM, CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lise Gauvin
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Slim Haddad
- Centre de Recherche VITAM, CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard E Bélanger
- Centre de Recherche VITAM, CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine - Université Laval, Ferdinand Vandry Pavillon, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Scott T Leatherdale
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Turcotte-Tremblay
- Centre de Recherche VITAM, CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Nursing, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
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Li X, Wu R, Wu MY, Zhu G. Changes and predictors of mental health of Chinese university students after the COVID-19 pandemic: A two-year study. J Affect Disord 2024; 352:1-9. [PMID: 38355054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological repurcussions of COVID-19 pandemic has received wide attention, but there's limited attention paid to psychological recovery afterwards. This study focuses on the changes and predictive factors of mental health of Chinese university students post-pandemic. METHODS This study included 1175 Chinese undergraduate students sampled in May 2022 and May-June 2023, right before and after peaks of infections following the end of lockdown policy in China. The participants completed a survey of demographic variables, and three questionnaires: 12-item General Health Questionnaire, Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and Prosocial Tendencies Measure. RESULTS The participants sampled in 2023 have significant lower GHQ scores and higher PPQ scores than those sampled in 2022, while there is no significant difference in PTM scores between them. The proportion of participants with GHQ-12 scores exceeding 12 in 2023 showed slightly decrease compared to that in 2022. The infection of significant others, the sense of hope, and PPQ self-efficiency, hope and optimism subscale scores were significantly associated with GHQ-12 scores in 2023, but actual infection or quarantine experience were not. CONCLUSIONS The mental health and psychological capital of the university students have been significantly improved within a year. It is worthy to pay attention to the infection of significant others, the sense of hope, and psychological capital in a pandemic to improve the mental health of university students. LIMITATIONS Compared to a cross-sectional study, longitudinal research is the better choice for a two-year comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- School of medical instrumentation, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Wu
- Counseling and Psychological Services Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Meng-Yang Wu
- Counseling and Psychological Services Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Geng Zhu
- School of medical instrumentation, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Driver C, Boyes A, Mohamed AZ, Levenstein JM, Parker M, Hermens DF. Understanding Wellbeing Profiles According to White Matter Structural Connectivity Sub-types in Early Adolescents: The First Hundred Brains Cohort from the Longitudinal Adolescent Brain Study. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:1029-1046. [PMID: 38217837 PMCID: PMC10980632 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-01939-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Wellbeing is protective against the emergence of psychopathology. Neurobiological markers associated with mental wellbeing during adolescence are important to understand. Limited research has examined neural networks (white matter tracts) and mental wellbeing in early adolescence specifically. A cross-sectional diffusion tensor imaging analysis approach was conducted, from the Longitudinal Adolescent Brain study, First Hundred Brains cohort (N = 99; 46.5% female; Mage = 13.01, SD = 0.55). Participants completed self-report measures including wellbeing, quality-of-life, and psychological distress. Potential neurobiological profiles using fractional anisotropy, axial, and radial diffusivity were determined via a whole brain voxel-wise approach, and hierarchical cluster analysis of fractional anisotropy values, obtained from 21 major white matter tracts. Three cluster groups with significantly different neurobiological profiles were distinguished. No significant differences were found between the three cluster groups and measures of wellbeing, but two left lateralized significant associations between white matter tracts and wellbeing measures were found. These results provide preliminary evidence for potential neurobiological markers of mental health and wellbeing in early adolescence and should be tracked longitudinally to provide more detailed and robust findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Driver
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, 12 Innovation Parkway, Birtinya, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia.
| | - Amanda Boyes
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, 12 Innovation Parkway, Birtinya, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Abdalla Z Mohamed
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, 12 Innovation Parkway, Birtinya, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Jacob M Levenstein
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, 12 Innovation Parkway, Birtinya, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Marcella Parker
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, 12 Innovation Parkway, Birtinya, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel F Hermens
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, 12 Innovation Parkway, Birtinya, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia
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Kirkegaard A, Friedman EM, Edgington S, Kennedy D. Increased Care Provision and Caregiver Wellbeing: Moderation by Changes in Social Network Care Provision. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2024; 79:gbae015. [PMID: 38364364 PMCID: PMC10997277 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous research links increased care provision to worse wellbeing among family and friend caregivers, both before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We expand on this by incorporating data on caregivers' social networks and exploring the relationships between own and network changes in care during the pandemic and caregiver wellbeing. METHODS We use nationally representative data from 1,876 family and friend caregivers in the first wave of our Care Network Connections over Time study (fielded 12/17/2020-1/4/2021) who had provided care continuously since before the COVID-19 pandemic began. Caregivers were asked about the amount of care that they and each member of their social networks were providing at the time of the survey relative to before the pandemic. We use multivariate regression models to examine the associations between five caregiver wellbeing outcomes and changes in care, and explore the moderating role of networks' changes in care. RESULTS Among caregivers who had provided care since prior to the pandemic, most increased (42.0%) or maintained the same (40.8%) care. Their networks also typically increased (33.4%) or maintained (46.5%) care. Increasing one's own care provision was associated with higher levels of anxiety, depression, loneliness, and emotional difficulty than maintaining stable care. Among those who increased care, these levels were highest when the network also increased or decreased care. DISCUSSION Increased care provision was most strongly associated with poor caregiver wellbeing in contexts where caregivers' social networks also changed care provisions. Supports for caregivers undertaking additional care tasks should take into account caregivers' networks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esther M Friedman
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Greene E, Austin G, Henneman A. Adverse childhood experiences among doctor of pharmacy students. Curr Pharm Teach Learn 2024; 16:327-334. [PMID: 38480066 DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have demonstrated negative impact on physical, emotional, and cognitive health outcomes. This study aimed to assess prevalence of ACEs among Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students, and their associations with mental health, substance use, academic performance, and sleep patterns. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted on PharmD students at a private University. ACE scores, mental health history, substance use, academic performance, and sleep habits were self-reported. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for analysis. RESULTS From 54 participants across all cohorts of students in the curriculum (response rate: 19%), 48% reported ≥4 ACEs. A majority of students reported having been diagnosed with or sought treatment for depression (56%) or anxiety (67%), while 42.9% reported a history of contemplating suicide. Participants with ACE scores of ≥4 were more likely to have sought treatment for depression, any mental health condition, contemplated suicide, or used alcohol for mental health purposes. No differences in academic performance based on ACE scores were found. CONCLUSION High numbers of ACEs were common and linked to mental illness, suicidality, and use of alcohol for mental health purposes. While no direct academic impact was found in this small sample size, adopting a trauma-informed approach is crucial to supporting student well-being. Further research in this area is needed to optimize interventions to support academic and professional success among students with ≥4 ACEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Greene
- Belmont University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1900 Belmont Blvd, Nashville, TN 37212, United States of America.
| | - Gary Austin
- Belmont University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1900 Belmont Blvd, Nashville, TN 37212, United States of America.
| | - Amy Henneman
- Belmont University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1900 Belmont Blvd, Nashville, TN 37212, United States of America; Department of Integrated Medical Education, Belmont University Thomas F. Frist, Jr. College of Medicine, 1900 Belmont Blvd, Nashville, TN 37212, United States of America.
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Tucker JS, Perez LG, Klein DJ, D'Amico EJ. Homelessness and Food Insecurity During Emerging Adulthood: Associations With Changes in Behavioral and Physical Health Over a Two-Year Period. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:1006-1011. [PMID: 38323969 PMCID: PMC11031281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE For emerging adults in the United States, economic instability is a widespread problem with implications for the successful transition to adulthood. This study examines how two indicators of economic instability, homelessness and food insecurity, are associated with changes in health-related outcomes over a two-year period. METHODS The analytic sample (N = 2,182) completed online surveys in 2019-2020 (mean age 23 years) and 2021-2022 (mean age 25 years). Regression analyses were conducted for the full sample, as well as by sexual or gender diverse (SGD) identity (17.8% of sample identified as SGD) and race/ethnicity (76.3% identified as non-White). RESULTS At age 23, 8.2% of participants reported homelessness and 31.2% reported food insecurity. In the full sample, homelessness and food insecurity were associated with increased depression, anxiety, physical ailments, and drug problems two years later. A similar pattern emerged for those identifying as non-SGD. The only associations for SGD-identifying participants were food insecurity with increased anxiety, depression, and physical ailments. Racial/ethnic differences indicated that homelessness was associated with increased depression and anxiety among Hispanics, and physical ailments and drug consequences among Asians, but fewer drug problems among Whites. Food insecurity was associated with increased depression in all racial/ethnic groups, anxiety among Hispanics and Asians, physical ailments among Whites and Asians, and drug problems among Asians. DISCUSSION Homelessness and food insecurity predicted worse health outcomes during the transition to adulthood, with varying results across SGD and racial/ethnic subgroups. It is important for future research to continue examining long-term effects of economic instability on health disparities during this important developmental period.
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