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Jabbar AAJ, Alamri ZZ, Abdulla MA, Salehen NA, Ibrahim IAA, Hassan RR, Almaimani G, Bamagous GA, Almaimani RA, Almasmoum HA, Ghaith MM, Farrash WF, Almutawif YA. Boric Acid (Boron) Attenuates AOM-Induced Colorectal Cancer in Rats by Augmentation of Apoptotic and Antioxidant Mechanisms. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2702-2719. [PMID: 37770673 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03864-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Boric acid (BA) is a naturally occurring weak Lewis acid containing boron, oxygen, and hydrogen elements that can be found in water, soil, and plants. Because of its numerous biological potentials including anti-proliferation actions, the present investigates the chemopreventive possessions of BA on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats. Thirty laboratory rats were divided into 5 groups: negative control (A) received two subcutaneous inoculations of normal saline and nourished on 10% Tween 20; groups B-E had two injections of 15 mg/kg azoxymethane followed by ingestion of 10% Tween 20 (B, cancer control), inoculation with intraperitoneal 35 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil injection (C, reference group), or ingested with boric acid 30 mg/kg (D) and 60 mg/kg (E). The gross morphology results showed significantly increased total colonic ACF in cancer controls, while BA treatment caused a significant reduction of ACF values. Histopathological evaluation of colons from cancer controls showed bizarrely elongated nuclei, stratified cells, and higher depletion of the submucosal glands than that of BA-treated groups. Boric acid treatment up-surged the pro-apoptotic (Bax) expression and reduced anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) protein expressions. Moreover, BA ingestion caused upregulation of antioxidant enzymes (GPx, SOD, CAT), and lowered MDA contents in colon tissue homogenates. Boric acid-treated rats had significantly lower pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and higher anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) based on serum analysis. The colorectal cancer attenuation by BA is shown by the reduced ACF numbers, anticipated by its regulatory potentials on the apoptotic proteins, antioxidants, and inflammatory cytokines originating from AOM-induced oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A J Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, 44001, Iraq.
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Nur Ain Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawaz Rizgar Hassan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Kirkuk Road, Erbil, 44001, Iraq
| | - Ghassan Almaimani
- Department of surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazi A Bamagous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad A Almaimani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain A Almasmoum
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen M Ghaith
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam F Farrash
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya A Almutawif
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Saudi Arabia
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Abdul-Aziz Ahmed K, Jabbar AAJ, Abdulla MA, Zuhair Alamri Z, Ain Salehen N, Abdel Aziz Ibrahim I, Almaimani G, Bamagous GA, Almaimani RA, Almasmoum HA, Ghaith MM, Farrash WF. Mangiferin (mango) attenuates AOM-induced colorectal cancer in rat's colon by augmentation of apoptotic proteins and antioxidant mechanisms. Sci Rep 2024; 14:813. [PMID: 38191592 PMCID: PMC10774405 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50947-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Mangiferin (MF) is a natural C-glucosylxantone compound that has many substantial curative potentials against numerous illnesses including cancers. The present study's goal is to appraise the chemo preventive possessions of MF on azoxymethane (AOM)-mediated colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats. Rats clustered into 5 groups, negative control (A), inoculated subcutaneously with normal saline twice and nourished on 0.5% CMC; groups B-E injected twice with 15 mg/kg azoxymethane followed by ingestion of 0.5% CMC (B, cancer control); intraperitoneal inoculation of 35 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil (C, reference rats) or nourished on 30 mg/kg (D) and 60 mg/kg (E) of MF. Results of gross morphology of colorectal specimens showed significantly lower total colonic ACF incidence in MF-treated rats than that of cancer controls. The colon tissue examination of cancer control rats showed increased ACF availability with bizarrely elongated nuclei, stratified cells, and higher depletion of the submucosal glands compared to MF-treated rats. Mangiferin treatment caused increased regulation of pro-apoptotic (increased Bax) proteins and reduced the β-catenin) proteins expression. Moreover, rats fed on MF had significantly higher glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in their colonic tissue homogenates. Mangiferin supplementation significantly down-shifted pro-inflammatory cytokines (transforming growth factor-α and interleukine-6) and up-shifted anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukine-10) based on serum analysis. The chemo-protective mechanistic of MF against AOM-induced ACF, shown by lower ACF values and colon tissue penetration, could be correlated with its positive modulation of apoptotic cascade, antioxidant enzymes, and inflammatory cytokines originating from AOM oxidative stress insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Abdul-Aziz Ahmed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmed A J Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, 44001, Iraq.
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nur Ain Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghassan Almaimani
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazi A Bamagous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad A Almaimani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain A Almasmoum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen M Ghaith
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam F Farrash
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Ibrahim MY, Alamri ZZ, Juma ASM, Hamood SA, Shareef SH, Abdulla MA, Jayash SN. Hepatoprotective Effects of Biochanin A on Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Cirrhosis in Experimental Rats. Molecules 2023; 28:7608. [PMID: 38005330 PMCID: PMC10674479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The protective effect of biochanin A (BCA) on the histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and biochemistry of thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver cirrhosis in vivo was investigated. There was a significant reduction in liver weight and hepatocyte propagation, with much lower cell injury in rat groups treated with BCA (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) following a TAA induction. These groups had significantly lower levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). The liver homogenates showed increased antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), as well as decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The serum biomarkers associated with liver function, namely alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma glutamyl transaminase (GGT), returned to normal levels, comparable to those observed in both the normal control group and the reference control group. Taken together, the normal microanatomy of hepatocytes, the inhibition of PCNA and α-SMA, improved antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx), and condensed MDA with repairs of liver biomarkers validated BCA's hepatoprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ameena S. M. Juma
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq; (A.S.M.J.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Sarah Ashour Hamood
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Al-Essra University College, Baghdad 10011, Iraq;
| | - Suhayla Hamad Shareef
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq;
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq; (A.S.M.J.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Soher Nagi Jayash
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
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Jabbar AA, Alamri ZZ, Abdulla MA, Salehen NA, Salim Amur Al Sinawi Z, Alfaifi SM. Hepatoprotective effects of Gynura procumbens against thioacetamide-induced cirrhosis in rats: Targeting inflammatory and oxidative stress signalling pathways. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19418. [PMID: 37662795 PMCID: PMC10472062 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynura procumbens is an edible flowering plant that has been utilized as traditional therapy for numerous diseases. The current experiment investigates the hepatoprotective potentials of the ethanol extract of Gynura procumbens leaf (EEGPL) against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver cirrhosis in rats. Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 clusters: A, rats received orally 10% Tween 80 and intraperitoneal (i.p) inoculation of sterile distal water; B, rats received orally10% Tween 80; C, rats received orally daily 50 mg/kg of silymarin, while groups; D and E, rats received orally daily doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg of EEGPL, respectively. Furthermore, B-E clusters received 200 mg/kg thioacetamide (i.p) three times a week for 60 days. The liver gross morphology of rats that received only TAA (B) revealed irregular rough surface layers compared to smoother livers of rats that received EEGPL. Histopathology of group B revealed clear hepatic necrosis and fibrous connective tissue, which were significantly reduced in C-E groups. EEGPL treatment caused a significant down-regulation of PCNA and α-SMA protein expressions. Antioxidant (SOD and CAT) enzymes in hepatic homogeneity were meaningfully lower, and MDA levels were significantly higher in TAA controls compared to those of C-E groups. Moreover, EEGPL treatment caused a reduction of TNF-α and IL-6 and increased expression of IL-10 cytokines. Therefore, the hepatoprotective potentials of EEGPL might be contributed to its modulation of detoxification enzymes, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A.j. Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Sciences, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Nur Ain Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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Wahab BAA, Alamri ZZ, Jabbar AAJ, Ibrahim IAA, Almaimani RA, Almasmoum HA, Ghaith MM, Farrash WF, Almutawif YA, Ageeli KA, Alfaifi SM, Alharthi RF. Phytochemistry, antioxidant, anticancer, and acute toxicity of traditional medicinal food Biarum bovei (Kardeh). BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:283. [PMID: 37559022 PMCID: PMC10410897 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04080-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Biarum species (Kardeh) has been consumed as a traditional functional food and medicine for decades. The current study investigates the phytochemistry, in-vitro and in-vivo bioactivities of methanol extracts of B. bovei. METHODS The Gas-chromatography mass spectrophotometer (GS/GS-MS) was used to analyze the phytochemical profile of the methanol extracts of B. bovei leaves and corms. The B. bovei extracts (BBE) were also investigated for in-vitro antioxidant, anticancer, and in-vivo acute toxicity (2000 mg/kg) activities. RESULTS The chemical profiling of BBE revealed mainly fatty acids, phytosterol, alcohols, and hydrocarbon compounds. Namely, Linoleic acid, eliadic acid, palmitic acid, 22,23-dihydro-stigmasterol, and campesterol. The antioxidant activity of BBE ranged between 0.24-3.85 μg TE/mL based on different assays. The extracts also exhibited significant anticancer activity against DU-145 (prostate cancer cells), MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma), and HeLa (human cervical cancer) cell lines with IC50 values ranging between 22.73-44.24 μg/mL. Rats fed on 2000 mg/kg dosage of BBE showed absence of any toxicological sign or serum biochemical changes. CONCLUSION The detected phytochemicals and bioactivities of BBE scientifically backup the folkloric usage as an important source of nutraceuticals and alternative medicine for oxidative stress-related diseases and carcinogenesis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassam Ali Abed Wahab
- Department of Physiology, Biochemistry & Pharmacology, Faculty of Vet Medicine, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A J Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, 44001, Iraq.
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad A Almaimani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain A Almasmoum
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen M Ghaith
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam F Farrash
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya A Almutawif
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Rahaf Frehan Alharthi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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El-kady AM, S. Hassan A, Mohamed K, Alfaifi MS, Elshazly H, Alamri ZZ, Wakid MH, Gattan HS, Altwaim SA, Al-Megrin WAI, Younis S. Zinc oxide nanoparticles produced by Zingiber officinale ameliorates acute toxoplasmosis-induced pathological and biochemical alterations and reduced parasite burden in mice model. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011447. [PMID: 37410712 PMCID: PMC10325114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although, approximately 30% of the world's population is estimated to be infected with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) with serious manifestations in immunocompromised patients and pregnant females, the available treatment options for toxoplasmosis are limited with serious side effects. Therefore, it is of great importance to identify novel potent, well tolerated candidates for treatment of toxoplasmosis. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) synthesized using Zingiber officinale against acute toxoplasmosis in experimentally infected mice. METHODS The ethanolic extract of ginger was used to prepare ZnO NPs. The produced ZnO NPs were characterized in terms of structure and morphology using Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), UV- spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The prepared formula was used in treatment of T. gondii RH virulent strain. Forty animals were divided into four groups, with ten mice per group. The first group was the uninfected, control group. The second group was infected but untreated. The third and the fourth groups received ZnO NPs and Spiramycin orally in a dose of 10 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg/day respectively. The effect of the used formulas on the animals survival rate, parasite burden, liver enzymes -including Alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)-, nitric oxide (NO) and Catalase antioxidant enzyme (CAT) activity was measured. Moreover, the effect of treatment on histopathological alterations associated with toxoplasmosis was examined. RESULTS Mice treated with ZnO NPs showed the longest survival time with significant reduction in the parasite load in the livers and peritoneal fluids of the same group. Moreover, ZnO NPs treatment was associated with a significant reduction in the level of liver enzymes (ALT, AST) and NO and a significant increase in the antioxidant activity of CAT enzyme. SEM examination of tachyzoites from the peritoneal fluid showed marked distortion of T. gondii tachyzoites isolated from mice treated with ZnO NPs in comparison to untreated group. T. gondii induced histopathological alterations in the liver and brain were reversed by ZnO NPs treatment with restoration of normal tissue morphology. CONCLUSION The produced formula showed a good therapeutic potential in treatment of murine toxoplasmosis as demonstrated by prolonged survival rate, reduced parasite burden, improved T. gondii associated liver injury and histopathological alterations. Thus, we assume that the protective effect observed in the current research is attributed to the antioxidant capability of NPs. Based on the results obtained from the current work, we suggest greenly produced ZnO NPs as a chemotherapeutic agent with good therapeutic potential and high levels of safety in the treatment of toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M. El-kady
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Abeer S. Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Khalil Mohamed
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael S. Alfaifi
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayam Elshazly
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences-Scientific Departments, Qassim University, Buraidah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed H. Wakid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hattan S. Gattan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah A. Altwaim
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafa Abdullah I. Al-Megrin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salwa Younis
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Mariod AA, Jabbar AA, Alamri ZZ, Salim Al Rashdi A, Abdulla MA. Gastroprotective effects of Polygonatum odoratum in rodents by regulation of apoptotic proteins and inflammatory cytokines. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103678. [PMID: 37266408 PMCID: PMC10230262 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In an increasing interest in natural antiulcer compounds that may have gastric healing effects and possibly prevent ulcer recurrence, Polygonatum odoratum appears as a strong candidate. The gastroprotective potentials of P. odoratum rhizome extract (PORE) were explored on ethanol-induced gastric ulceration in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were caged in 5 groups, normal and ulcer control rats received CMC (1% carboxymethyl cellulose). Omeprazole (20 mg/kg) was given to reference Rats. Experimental rats were treated with 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg PORE, respectively. After an hour, the normal control rats received 1% CMC, whereas rat groups 2-5 were given absolute ethanol by oral gavage. After 60 min, rats received anesthesia and were sacrificed. Dissected gastric tissue was analyzed by histopathological and immunohistochemical techniques. PORE treatment significantly lowered the ethanol-induced gastric injury, as shown by up-surging gastric pH and mucus content, reduced leukocyte infiltration, lower ulcerative areas in mucosal layers, and increased antioxidants (SOD and CAT) and (MDA) levels. Furthermore, PORE pre-treated rats showed significantly increased expression of the Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), HSP-70 protein, and decreased Bax protein in their gastric epithelial layers. PORE treatment showed an important regulation of inflammatory cytokines shown by decreasing the TNF-a, and IL-6 and increasing the IL-10 values. The detected biological activity of PORE is encouraging and presents the scientific evidence for its traditional use as a gastroprotection agent however further studies are required to determine the exact phytochemicals and mechanism pathway responsible for this bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalbasit A. Mariod
- College of Science and Arts, Alkamil Branch, University of Jeddah, Alkamil 21931, Saudi Arabia
- Indigenous Knowledge and Heritage Centre, Ghibaish College of Science and Technology, 110 Ghibaish, Sudan
| | - Ahmed A.J. Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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Jabbar AAJ, Alamri ZZ, Abdulla MA, AlRashdi AS, Najmaldin SK, Zainel MA. Sinapic Acid Attenuate Liver Injury by Modulating Antioxidant Activity and Inflammatory Cytokines in Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Cirrhosis in Rats. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051447. [PMID: 37239118 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinapic acid (SA) is a natural pharmacological active compound found in berries, nuts, and cereals. The current study aimed to investigate the protective effects of SA against thioacetamide (TAA) fibrosis in rats by histopathological and immunohistochemical assays. The albino rats (30) were randomly divided into five groups (G). G1 was injected with distilled water 3 times/week and fed orally daily with 10% Tween 20 for two months. G2-5 were injected with 200 mg/kg TAA three times weekly for two months and fed with 10% Tween 20, 50 mg/kg silymarin, 20, and 40 mg/kg of SA daily for 2 months, respectively. The results showed that rats treated with SA had fewer hepatocyte injuries with lower liver index (serum bilirubin, total protein, albumin, and liver enzymes (ALP, ALT, and AST) and were similar to that of control and silymarin-treated rats. Acute toxicity for 2 and 4 g/kg SA showed to be safe without any toxic signs in treated rats. Macroscopic examination showed that hepatotoxic liver had an irregular, rough surface with micro and macro nodules and histopathology expressed by Hematoxylin and Eosin, and Masson Trichrome revealed severe inflammation and infiltration of focal necrosis, fibrosis, lymphocytes, and proliferation bile duct. In contrast, rats fed with SA had significantly lower TAA toxicity in gross and histology and liver tissues as presented by less liver tissue disruption, lesser fibrosis, and minimum in filtered hepatocytes. Immunohistochemistry of rats receiving SA showed significant up-regulation of HSP 70% and down-regulation of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein expression compared to positive control rats. The homogenized liver tissues showed a notable rise in the antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) actions with significantly lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels compared to that of the positive control group. Furthermore, the SA-treated rats had significantly lower TNF-a, IL-6, and higher IL-10 levels than the positive control rats. Thus, the findings suggest SA as a hepatoprotective compound due to its inhibitory effects on fibrosis, hepatotoxicity, liver cell proliferation, up-regulation of HSP 70, and downregulation of α-SMA expression, inhibiting lipid peroxidation (MDA), while retaining the liver index and antioxidant enzymes to normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A J Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Sciences, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Ahmed S AlRashdi
- Central Public Health Laboratories, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 2294, Muscat 111, Oman
| | - Soran Kayfi Najmaldin
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
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Muhialdin AJ, Alamri ZZ, M Hussein A, Faraj RK, Taha ZB, Hussein MM, Mojarradgandoukmolla S. Gastro-Protective and Therapeutic Effect of Punica granatum against Stomach Ulcer Caused by Helicobacter Pylori. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2023; 69:48-53. [PMID: 37213156 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2022.69.1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Gastric ulcer is a chronic condition that occurs when the mucosa of the stomach is broken. There is a physiological equilibrium between aggressive factors and mucosal defense. The purpose of this research was to compare the prevention level and efficiency of herbal medicinal plants (Punica granatum) to the omeprazole drug. Many groups were prepared from Albino male rats, the first control group (inoculate with H. pylori and fed with standard pellet), the Second group, rats inoculated by H. pylori and prevented with Punica granatum aqueous extracts (PGAE) in two dosages (250mg/kg, 500mg/kg), and last group inoculated by H. pylori and prevented with standard drug omeprazole at the dose (20mg/kg). The results showed that the Ulcer Inhibition % of Punica granatum with a high dose of 500mg/kg and a low dose of 250mg/kg was 84.60±5.48 and 42.87±7.14, respectively. While in the omeprazole treatment group, Ulcer Inhibition % was 24.50±6.35 and this Ulcer Inhibition % in the Punica granatum treatment groups was significant compared to the omeprazole treatment group and the control group (P=0.0001). PGAE displayed a significant lessening in stomach index and infectious cell proliferation with much cell damage. Although the result of the current study improves, a high dosage of aqueous extracts of plants has more effectiveness than a low dosage of aqueous extracts plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali J Muhialdin
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agricultural Engineering Science, University of Garmian, Kalar, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali M Hussein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
| | - Rahman K Faraj
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Garmian, Kalar, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
| | - Zhala B Taha
- Department of Forestry, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
| | - Mohammed M Hussein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
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Abstract
Liver plays an essential role in metabolism and has an important role in preserving and regulating the levels of lipid, glucose in the body as well as energy metabolism. Among the important functions performed by the liver is maintaining of blood glucose levels under different conditions through group of processes included; glycolysis, glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis. The absorbed free fatty acids and those derived from the adipose tissue reach the liver and are utilized for energy, membrane synthesis, or stored as triglyceride. In addition, the liver has a crucial role in keeping homeostasis of body level of cholesterol. Regarding protein metabolism, urea cycle occurs in the liver through the action of urea cycle enzymes to produce urea in order to get rid of the toxic ammonia. In the liver, cholesterol is utilized for bile acids synthesis through a complicated process. These bile acids are considered essential in order to absorb and transport of lipid-soluble vitamins dietary and fat in the diet as well as clearance of drugs, toxic substances and xenobiotics. Adding to these hepatic functions is hepatic detoxification where liver metabolizes a various type of drugs to make soluble execretable compounds. In conclusion, the liver has so important metabolic functions which if impaired will resulted in many liver diseases and might progress to more dangerous conditions such as liver fibrosis or cirrhosis.
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