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Nivya VM, Shah JM. Recalcitrance to transformation, a hindrance for genome editing of legumes. Front Genome Ed 2023; 5:1247815. [PMID: 37810593 PMCID: PMC10551638 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2023.1247815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant genome editing, a recently discovered method for targeted mutagenesis, has emerged as a promising tool for crop improvement and gene function research. Many genome-edited plants, such as rice, wheat, and tomato, have emerged over the last decade. As the preliminary steps in the procedure for genome editing involve genetic transformation, amenability to genome editing depends on the efficiency of genetic engineering. Hence, there are numerous reports on the aforementioned crops because they are transformed with relative ease. Legume crops are rich in protein and, thus, are a favored source of plant proteins for the human diet in most countries. However, legume cultivation often succumbs to various biotic/abiotic threats, thereby leading to high yield loss. Furthermore, certain legumes like peanuts possess allergens, and these need to be eliminated as these deprive many people from gaining the benefits of such crops. Further genetic variations are limited in certain legumes. Genome editing has the potential to offer solutions to not only combat biotic/abiotic stress but also generate desirable knock-outs and genetic variants. However, excluding soybean, alfalfa, and Lotus japonicus, reports obtained on genome editing of other legume crops are less. This is because, excluding the aforementioned three legume crops, the transformation efficiency of most legumes is found to be very low. Obtaining a higher number of genome-edited events is desirable as it offers the option to genotypically/phenotypically select the best candidate, without the baggage of off-target mutations. Eliminating the barriers to genetic engineering would directly help in increasing genome-editing rates. Thus, this review aims to compare various legumes for their transformation, editing, and regeneration efficiencies and discusses various solutions available for increasing transformation and genome-editing rates in legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jasmine M. Shah
- Department of Plant Science, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, India
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Cordeiro D, Alves A, Ferraz R, Casimiro B, Canhoto J, Correia S. An Efficient Agrobacterium-Mediated Genetic Transformation Method for Solanum betaceum Cav. Embryogenic Callus. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1202. [PMID: 36904062 PMCID: PMC10005457 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis in Solanum betaceum (tamarillo) has proven to be an effective model system for studying morphogenesis, since optimized plant regeneration protocols are available, and embryogenic competent cell lines can be induced from different explants. Nevertheless, an efficient genetic transformation system for embryogenic callus (EC) has not yet been implemented for this species. Here, an optimized faster protocol of genetic transformation using Agrobacterium tumefaciens is described for EC. The sensitivity of EC to three antibiotics was determined, and kanamycin proved to be the best selective agent for tamarillo callus. Two Agrobacterium strains, EHA105 and LBA4404, both harboring the p35SGUSINT plasmid, carrying the reporter gene for β-glucuronidase (gus) and the marker gene neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII), were used to test the efficiency of the process. To increase the success of the genetic transformation, a cold-shock treatment, coconut water, polyvinylpyrrolidone and an appropriate selection schedule based on antibiotic resistance were employed. The genetic transformation was evaluated by GUS assay and PCR-based techniques, and a 100% efficiency rate was confirmed in the kanamycin-resistant EC clumps. Genetic transformation with the EHA105 strain resulted in higher values for gus insertion in the genome. The protocol presented provides a useful tool for functional gene analysis and biotechnology approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Cordeiro
- Centre for Functional Ecology, TERRA Associate Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Alves
- BioISI—Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Ferraz
- Centre for Functional Ecology, TERRA Associate Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bruno Casimiro
- Centre for Functional Ecology, TERRA Associate Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge Canhoto
- Centre for Functional Ecology, TERRA Associate Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra Correia
- Centre for Functional Ecology, TERRA Associate Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- InnovPlantProtect CoLab, Estrada de Gil Vaz, 7350-478 Elvas, Portugal
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Subrahmanyeswari T, Gantait S. Biotechnology of banana (Musa spp.): multi-dimensional progress and prospect of in vitro-mediated system. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:3923-3947. [PMID: 35616721 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11973-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Banana (Musa spp.), commonly known as 'Adam fig' and 'Fruit of wise man', is a commercial herbaceous tropical fruit, which governs its antiquity from ancient periods in the Indian and African subcontinent. All parts of the plant, i.e. stem, leaf, root, inflorescence, peel, fruit, and flower, have significant medicinal and nutritional values. Owing to its multitude of uses, it is known as 'Kalpavriksha' (plant of virtues). To combat multi-faceted issues related to traditional propagation, in vitro-based regeneration-cum-genetic improvement approaches become the trend of the hour. The present review illustrates various physico-chemical factors that are responsible for successful in vitro regeneration and acclimatization, protoplast culture, anther and microspore culture, cryopreservation and synthetic seed production, genetic transformation, mutagenesis, and nanotechnological and omics approaches. The key intent of this article is to present an insight on in vitro biotechnological research advances in the past decade, to identify the research gaps, unexplored areas, and major shortcomings associated with banana biotechnology and to highlight the potential approaches to mitigate them. Eventually, this review made salient conclusions and recommendations paving the way forward for the banana researchers to develop innovative ideas in order to enhance the propagation frequency and to ensure the genetic improvement of banana. KEY POINTS: • This review addresses biotechnological interventions in Banana (Musa spp.) for enhanced propagation and quality improvement. • Highlights factors influencing in vitro regeneration, conservation, and genetic transformation. • Provides novel ideas to harness the qualitative and quantitative genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsama Subrahmanyeswari
- Crop Research Unit (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India
| | - Saikat Gantait
- Crop Research Unit (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India.
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Sedaghati B, Haddad R, Bandehpour M. Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) as a novel green-bioreactor for expression of human serum albumin (HSA) gene. Transgenic Res 2022; 31:369-380. [DOI: 10.1007/s11248-022-00296-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Xin T, Tian H, Ma Y, Wang S, Yang L, Li X, Zhang M, Chen C, Wang H, Li H, Xu J, Huang S, Yang X. Targeted creating new mutants with compact plant architecture using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing by an optimized genetic transformation procedure in cucurbit plants. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhab086. [PMID: 35048122 PMCID: PMC9016859 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhab086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables in the Cucurbitaceae family contribute greatly to the human diet, for example, cucumber, melon, watermelon and squash. The widespread use of genome editing technologies has greatly accelerated the functional characterization of genes as well as crop improvement. However, most economically important cucurbit plants, including melon and squash, remain recalcitrant to standard Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, which limits the effective use of genome editing technology. In this study, we describe the "optimal infiltration intensity" strategy to establish an efficient genetic transformation system for melon and squash. We harnessed the power of this method to target homologs of the ERECTA family of receptor kinase genes and created alleles resulting in a compact plant architecture with shorter internodes in melon, squash and cucumber. The optimized transformation method presented here allows stable CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis and will lay a solid foundation for functional gene manipulation in cucurbit crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongxu Xin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Lab of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haojie Tian
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Lab of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yalin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Lab of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Shenhao Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xutong Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Lab of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mengzhuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Lab of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Hunan Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Huaisong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Lab of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haizhen Li
- Beijing Vegetable Research Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Jieting Xu
- Wimi Biotechnology (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Sanwen Huang
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Xueyong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Ministry of Agriculture, Sino-Dutch Joint Lab of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Vasudevan V, Sathish D, Ajithan C, Sathish S, Manickavasagam M. Efficient Agrobacterium-mediated in planta genetic transformation of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus Thunb.]. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 15:447-457. [DOI: 10.1007/s11816-021-00691-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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Wang KT, Hong MC, Wu YS, Wu TM. Agrobacterium-Mediated Genetic Transformation of Taiwanese Isolates of Lemna aequinoctialis. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081576. [PMID: 34451621 PMCID: PMC8401387 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Duckweed (Lemna aequinoctialis) is one of the smallest flowering plants in the world. Due to its high reproduction rate and biomass, duckweeds are used as biofactors and feedstuff additives for livestock. It is also an ideal system for basic biological research and various practical applications. In this study, we attempt to establish a micropropagation technique and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in L. aequinoctialis. The plant-growth regulator type and concentration and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation were evaluated for their effects on duckweed callus induction, proliferation, regeneration, and gene transformation efficiency. Calli were successfully induced from 100% of explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 25.0 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2.0 μM thidiazuron (TDZ). MS medium containing 4.5 μM 2,4-D and 2.0 μM TDZ supported the long-lasting growth of calli. Fronds regenerated from 100% of calli on Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) medium containing 1.0 μM 6-benzyladenine (6-BA). We also determined that 200 μM acetosyringone in the cocultivation medium for 1 day in the dark was crucial for transformation efficiency (up to 3 ± 1%). Additionally, we propose that both techniques will facilitate efficient high-throughput genetic manipulation in Lemnaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Teng Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (K.-T.W.); (Y.-S.W.)
| | - Ming-Chang Hong
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Sheng Wu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (K.-T.W.); (Y.-S.W.)
| | - Tsung-Meng Wu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (K.-T.W.); (Y.-S.W.)
- Correspondence:
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Wang X, Yu R, Li J. Using Genetic Engineering Techniques to Develop Banana Cultivars With Fusarium Wilt Resistance and Ideal Plant Architecture. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:617528. [PMID: 33519876 PMCID: PMC7838362 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.617528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Bananas (Musa spp.) are an important fruit crop worldwide. The fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), which causes Fusarium wilt, is widely regarded as one of the most damaging plant diseases. Fusarium wilt has previously devastated global banana production and continues to do so today. In addition, due to the current use of high-density banana plantations, desirable banana varieties with ideal plant architecture (IPA) possess high lodging resistance, optimum photosynthesis, and efficient water absorption. These properties may help to increase banana production. Genetic engineering is useful for the development of banana varieties with Foc resistance and ideal plant architecture due to the sterility of most cultivars. However, the sustained immune response brought about by genetic engineering is always accompanied by yield reductions. To resolve this problem, we should perform functional genetic studies of the Musa genome, in conjunction with genome editing experiments, to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying the immune response and the formation of plant architecture in the banana. Further explorations of the genes associated with Foc resistance and ideal architecture might lead to the development of banana varieties with both ideal architecture and pathogen super-resistance. Such varieties will help the banana to remain a staple food worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Bananas, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Renbo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Research Center, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jingyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Bananas, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
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Thompson MG, Moore WM, Hummel NFC, Pearson AN, Barnum CR, Scheller HV, Shih PM. Agrobacterium tumefaciens: A Bacterium Primed for Synthetic Biology. BIODESIGN RESEARCH 2020; 2020:8189219. [PMID: 37849895 PMCID: PMC10530663 DOI: 10.34133/2020/8189219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is an important tool in plant biotechnology due to its natural ability to transfer DNA into the genomes of host plants. Genetic manipulations of A. tumefaciens have yielded considerable advances in increasing transformational efficiency in a number of plant species and cultivars. Moreover, there is overwhelming evidence that modulating the expression of various mediators of A. tumefaciens virulence can lead to more successful plant transformation; thus, the application of synthetic biology to enable targeted engineering of the bacterium may enable new opportunities for advancing plant biotechnology. In this review, we highlight engineering targets in both A. tumefaciens and plant hosts that could be exploited more effectively through precision genetic control to generate high-quality transformation events in a wider range of host plants. We then further discuss the current state of A. tumefaciens and plant engineering with regard to plant transformation and describe how future work may incorporate a rigorous synthetic biology approach to tailor strains of A. tumefaciens used in plant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell G. Thompson
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - William M. Moore
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Niklas F. C. Hummel
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Allison N. Pearson
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Collin R. Barnum
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Henrik V. Scheller
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Patrick M. Shih
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Genome Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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Deguchi M, Bogush D, Weeden H, Spuhler Z, Potlakayala S, Kondo T, Zhang ZJ, Rudrabhatla S. Establishment and optimization of a hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) agroinfiltration system for gene expression and silencing studies. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3504. [PMID: 32103049 PMCID: PMC7044430 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60323-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a high-yielding annual crop primarily grown for fiber, seeds, and oil. Due to the phytochemical composition of hemp, there has been an increased interest in the market for nutraceuticals and dietary supplements for human health. Recent omics analysis has led to the elucidation of hemp candidate genes involved in the syntheses of specialized metabolites. However, a detailed study of these genes has not been undertaken due to the lack of a stable transformation system. We report for the first time an agroinfiltration system in hemp utilizing vacuum infiltration, which is an alternative method to stable transformation. A combination of 0.015% Silwett L-77, 5 mM ascorbic acid, and thirty second sonication followed by a 10-minute vacuum treatment resulted in the highest β-glucuronidase expression in the leaf, male and female flowers, stem, and root tissues. The phytoene desaturase gene was silenced with a transient hairpin RNA expression, resulting in an albino phenotype in the leaves and the male and female flowers. This agroinfiltration system would be useful for overexpression and silencing studies of target genes to regulate the yield of specialized metabolites in hemp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihito Deguchi
- Penn State Harrisburg, 777 West Harrisburg Pike, Middletown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel Bogush
- Penn State Harrisburg, 777 West Harrisburg Pike, Middletown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hannah Weeden
- Penn State Harrisburg, 777 West Harrisburg Pike, Middletown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zachary Spuhler
- Penn State Harrisburg, 777 West Harrisburg Pike, Middletown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shobha Potlakayala
- Penn State Harrisburg, 777 West Harrisburg Pike, Middletown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Takumasa Kondo
- AGROSAVIA, Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37, Continuo al Penal Palmira, Valle, Colombia
| | - Zhanyuan J Zhang
- Plant Biotechnology Innovation Laboratory, Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Sairam Rudrabhatla
- Penn State Harrisburg, 777 West Harrisburg Pike, Middletown, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Asande LK, Omwoyo RO, Oduor RO, Nyaboga EN. A simple and fast Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system for passion fruit KPF4 ( Passiflora edulis f. edulis × Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa). PLANT METHODS 2020; 16:141. [PMID: 33088337 PMCID: PMC7565748 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-020-00684-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) is an important horticultural crop in the tropics and subtropics, where it has great commercial potential due to high demand for fresh edible fruits and processed juice as well as source of raw materials in cosmetic industries. Genetic engineering shows great potential in passion fruit improvement and can compensate for the limitations of conventional breeding. Despite the success achieved in genetic modification of few passion fruit varieties, transgenic passion fruit production is still difficult for farmer-preferred cultivars. Therefore, it is important to establish a simple and fast Agrobacterium-mediated cell transformation of commercial hybrid passion fruit KPF4 (Passiflora edulis f. edulis × Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa). RESULTS In the present study, we have developed a simple and fast Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system for hybrid passion fruit KPF4 using leaf disc explants. Factors affecting the rate of transient beta (β)-glucuronidase (gusA) expression and consequently transformation efficiency were optimized as follows: Agrobacterium cell density with an OD600 of 0.5, 30 min infection time, 3 days of co-cultivation duration and the incorporation of 200 µM acetosyringone into Agrobacterium infection suspension medium. Using the optimized conditions, transgenic plants of KPF4 were produced within 2 months with an average transformation efficiency of 0.67%. The β-glucuronidase (GUS) histochemical staining confirmed the expression and integration of an intron-containing gusA gene into transformed leaf discs and transgenic plant lines of KPF4. The presence of gusA gene in the transgenic plants was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results confirmed that the gusA gene was efficiently integrated into the passion fruit genome. CONCLUSIONS The developed transformation protocol is simple and rapid and could be useful for functional genomic studies and transferring agronomically important traits into passion fruit hybrid KPF4. This study developed a method that can be used to transfer traits such as resistance to viral diseases, low fruit quality and short storage life. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on genetic transformation system for commercial passion fruit hybrid KPF4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia K. Asande
- Department of Plant Science, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, P.O. Box 43844 – 00100, Kenya
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197 – 00100, Kenya
| | - Richard O. Omwoyo
- Department of Plant Science, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, P.O. Box 43844 – 00100, Kenya
| | - Richard O. Oduor
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, P.O. Box 43844 – 00100, Kenya
| | - Evans N. Nyaboga
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197 – 00100, Kenya
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Xu S, Tang X, Zhao J, Yu C, He G, Xu H, Wang S, Tang Y, Fu C, Ma Y, Zhou G. Efficient genetic transformation and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing in Lemna aequinoctialis. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:2143-2152. [PMID: 30972865 PMCID: PMC6790374 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The fast growth, ease of metabolic labelling and potential for feedstock and biofuels production make duckweeds not only an attractive model system for understanding plant biology, but also a potential future crop. However, current duckweed research is constrained by the lack of efficient genetic manipulation tools. Here, we report a case study on genome editing in a duckweed species, Lemna aequinoctialis, using a fast and efficient transformation and CRISPR/Cas9 tool. By optimizing currently available transformation protocols, we reduced the duration time of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to 5-6 weeks with a success rate of over 94%. Based on the optimized transformation protocol, we generated 15 (14.3% success rate) biallelic LaPDS mutants that showed albino phenotype using a CRISPR/Cas9 system. Investigations on CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation spectrum among mutated L. aequinoctialis showed that most of mutations were short insertions and deletions. This study presents the first example of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing in duckweeds, which will open new research avenues in using duckweeds for both basic and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- College of Resources and EnvironmentQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Shuqing Xu
- Institute for Evolution and BiodiversityUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Xianfeng Tang
- College of Resources and EnvironmentQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Jinshan Zhao
- College of Resources and EnvironmentQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Changjiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Guo He
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Hua Xu
- College of Resources and EnvironmentQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Shumin Wang
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Yali Tang
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Chunxiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Yubin Ma
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Gongke Zhou
- College of Resources and EnvironmentQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
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Matheka J, Tripathi JN, Merga I, Gebre E, Tripathi L. A simple and rapid protocol for the genetic transformation of Ensete ventricosum. PLANT METHODS 2019; 15:130. [PMID: 31719836 PMCID: PMC6839154 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-019-0512-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Enset (Ensete ventricosum), also known as Ethiopian banana, is a food security crop for more than 20 million people in Ethiopia. As conventional breeding of enset is very challenging, genetic engineering is an alternative option to introduce important traits such as enhanced disease resistance and nutritional value. Genetic transformation and subsequent regeneration of transgenic enset has never been reported mainly due to challenges in developing transformation protocols for this tropical species. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation could be a practical tool for the genetic improvement of enset. However, the efficiency of the transformation system depends on several parameters such as plant regeneration, genotype, explant, selection agent and Agrobacterium strains. As a first step towards the development of transgenic enset, a simple and rapid plant regeneration system was developed using multiple buds as explants. Induction and proliferation of multiple buds from shoot tip explants was achieved on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 5 and 10 mg/l of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), respectively. Shoots were regenerated from multiple buds on MS media containing 2 mg/l BAP and 0.2% activated charcoal. Based on the optimized regeneration protocol, an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method was developed using multiple buds as explants and the binary plasmid pCAMBIA2300-GFP containing the green florescent protein (gfp) reporter gene and neomycin phosphotransferase II (nptII) selection marker gene. Transgenic plantlets were obtained within 4 months at a frequency of about 1.25%. The transgenic lines were validated by PCR analysis using primers specific to the nptII gene. To obtain uniformly transformed plantlets, chimerism was diluted by subculturing and regenerating the transgenic shoots on a selective medium containing kanamycin (150 mg/l) for five cycles. The uniformity of the transgenic plants was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization and RT-PCR analyses on different tissues such as leaf, pseudostem and root of same transgenic plant. In the present study, we report a simple Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system for generating transgenic events of enset. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the stable transformation and regeneration of transgenic events of enset. The transformation system established in this study can be used for the generation of transgenic enset with important traits such as disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Matheka
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Ibsa Merga
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nairobi, Kenya
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Endale Gebre
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Leena Tripathi
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nairobi, Kenya
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Dattgonde N, Tiwari S, Sapre S, Gontia-Mishra I. Genetic Transformation of Oat Mediated by Agrobacterium is enhanced with Sonication and Vacuum Infiltration. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 17:e1563. [PMID: 31457038 PMCID: PMC6697858 DOI: 10.21859/ijb.1563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oat (Avena sativa) with high nutritive value and fiber content is used as the main food grain in many countries for human diet as well as animal feed. Recently, it became difficult to transfer new genes through the conventional breeding due to the lack of desirable traits. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed at achieving a standardized protocol for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in oat. MATERIALS AND METHODS For oat transformation, mature seeds were sterilized, germinated, and used for explants generation. Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV3101 with the binary vector pCAMBIA 1305.1, which carries gus as reporter gene, was utilized in the transformation. The co-cultivation treatment assisted with sonication, and vacuum infiltration, and their combination was employed for transformation with different incubation periods of 48, 72, and 96 hours under the dark conditions. RESULTS Among the different transformation treatments, the vacuum treatment with 72 hours dark incubation had the best results. Vacuum infiltration of the cultures from leaf base produced a maximum of 25% hygromycin-resistant explants. These explants upon GUS assay and PCR analysis revealed 21.85% and 19.04% transformation efficiency, respectively. CONCLUSIONS It could be concluded that vacuum infiltration assisted Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is the most efficient method to conduct the genetic improvement of the oat using transformation protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagesh Dattgonde
- Biotechnology Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru Agriculture University, Jabalpur, India
| | - Sharad Tiwari
- Biotechnology Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru Agriculture University, Jabalpur, India
| | - Swapnil Sapre
- Biotechnology Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru Agriculture University, Jabalpur, India
| | - Iti Gontia-Mishra
- Biotechnology Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru Agriculture University, Jabalpur, India
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15
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Karthik S, Pavan G, Sathish S, Siva R, Kumar PS, Manickavasagam M. Genotype-independent and enhanced in planta Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation of peanut [ Arachis hypogaea (L.)]. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:202. [PMID: 29607283 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1231-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Agrobacterium infection and regeneration of the putatively transformed plant from the explant remains arduous for some crop species like peanut. Henceforth, a competent and reproducible in planta genetic transformation protocol is established for peanut cv. CO7 by standardizing various factors such as pre-culture duration, acetosyringone concentration, duration of co-cultivation, sonication and vacuum infiltration. In the present investigation, Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 harboring the binary vector pCAMBIA1301-bar was used for transformation. The two-stage selection was carried out using 4 and 250 mg l-1 BASTA® to completely eliminate the chimeric and non-transformed plants. The transgene integration into plant genome was evaluated by GUS histochemical assay, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and Southern blot hybridization. Among the various combinations and concentrations analyzed, highest transformation efficiency was obtained when the 2-day pre-cultured explants were subjected to sonication for 6 min and vacuum infiltrated for 3 min in Agrobacterium suspension, and co-cultivated on MS medium supplemented with 150 µM acetosyringone for 3 days. The fidelity of the standardized in planta transformation method was assessed in five peanut cultivars and all the cultivars responded positively with a transformation efficiency ranging from minimum 31.3% (with cv. CO6) to maximum 38.6% (with cv. TMV7). The in planta transformation method optimized in this study could be beneficial to develop superior peanut cultivars with desirable genetic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivabalan Karthik
- 1Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Gadamchetty Pavan
- 1Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Selvam Sathish
- 1Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Ramamoorthy Siva
- 2School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Periyasamy Suresh Kumar
- 3Department of Biotechnology, BIT Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Markandan Manickavasagam
- 1Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024 Tamil Nadu India
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Wu X, Giridhar Babu A, Kim BL, Kim JO, Shin JH, Kim DP. Ultrasound-mediated intracellular delivery of fluorescent dyes and DNA into microalgal cells. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Thilip C, Soundar Raju C, Varutharaju K, Aslam A, Shajahan A. Improved Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root culture system of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal using sonication and heat treatment. 3 Biotech 2015; 5:949-956. [PMID: 28324399 PMCID: PMC4624152 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-015-0297-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
An improved Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated genetic transformation of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal was developed using the bacterial strain R1000 with leaf segment explants of in vitro raised plantlets. Out of the three strains used (R1000, MTCC 2364 and MTCC 532), the strain R1000 proved to be more efficient than others. Among the different conditions tested, the highest (93.3 %) transformation rate was observed after 3 weeks when the explants were subjected to sonication (15 s) and heat treatment (41 °C for 5 min). Transgenic status of the hairy roots was confirmed by PCR using rol B-specific primers. HPLC analysis showed the ability of hairy roots to synthesize withaferin A and withanolide A, both steroidal lactones of medicinal value. This protocol offers new avenue in A. rhizogenes-mediated hairy root induction and is useful for large-scale production of these bioactive compounds from W. somnifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrasekaran Thilip
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Jamal Mohamed College, Tiruchirappalli, 620 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chellappan Soundar Raju
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Jamal Mohamed College, Tiruchirappalli, 620 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kandhan Varutharaju
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Jamal Mohamed College, Tiruchirappalli, 620 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abubakker Aslam
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Jamal Mohamed College, Tiruchirappalli, 620 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Appakan Shajahan
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Jamal Mohamed College, Tiruchirappalli, 620 020, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Mayavan S, Subramanyam K, Jaganath B, Sathish D, Manickavasagam M, Ganapathi A. Agrobacterium-mediated in planta genetic transformation of sugarcane setts. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2015; 34:1835-48. [PMID: 26152769 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-015-1831-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
An efficient, reproducible, and genotype-independent in planta transformation has been developed for sugarcane using setts as explant. Traditional Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation and in vitro regeneration of sugarcane is a complex and time-consuming process. Development of an efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol, which can produce a large number of transgenic plants in short duration is advantageous. Hence, in the present investigation, we developed a tissue culture-independent in planta genetic transformation system for sugarcane using setts collected from 6-month-old sugarcane plants. The sugarcane setts (nodal cuttings) were infected with three Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains harbouring pCAMBIA 1301-bar plasmid, and the transformants were selected against BASTA(®). Several parameters influencing the in planta transformation such as A. tumefaciens strains, acetosyringone, sonication and exposure to vacuum pressure, have been evaluated. The putatively transformed sugarcane plants were screened by GUS histochemical assay. Sugarcane setts were pricked and sonicated for 6 min and vacuum infiltered for 2 min at 500 mmHg in A. tumefaciens C58C1 suspension containing 100 µM acetosyringone, 0.1 % Silwett L-77 showed the highest transformation efficiency of 29.6 % (with var. Co 62175). The three-stage selection process completely eliminated the chimeric transgenic sugarcane plants. Among the five sugarcane varieties evaluated using the standardized protocol, var. Co 6907 showed the maximum transformation efficiency (32.6 %). The in planta transformation protocol described here is applicable to transfer the economically important genes into different varieties of sugarcane in relatively short time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanian Mayavan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
- Center for Bioenergy, Cooperative Research, Lincoln University of Missouri, Jefferson City, MO, 65101, USA
| | - Kondeti Subramanyam
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Glycobiology, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Balusamy Jaganath
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dorairaj Sathish
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Markandan Manickavasagam
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Andy Ganapathi
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India.
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19
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High efficiency transformation of banana [Musa acuminata L. cv. Matti (AA)] for enhanced tolerance to salt and drought stress through overexpression of a peanut salinity-induced pathogenesis-related class 10 protein. Mol Biotechnol 2015; 57:27-35. [PMID: 25173686 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-014-9798-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Bananas and plantains (Musa spp. L.) are important subsistence crops and premium export commodity in several countries, and susceptible to a wide range of environmental and biotic stress conditions. Here, we report efficient, rapid, and reproducible Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and regeneration of an Indian niche cultivar of banana [M. acuminata cv. Matti (AA)]. Apical meristem-derived highly proliferative multiple shoot clump (MSC) explants were transformed with the Agrobacterium strain EHA105 harboring a binary vector pCAMBIA-1301 carrying hptII and uidA. Sequential agro-infiltration (10 min, 400 mmHg), infection (additional 35 min, Agrobacterium density A 600 = 0.8) and co-cultivation (18 h) regimen in 100 µM acetosyringone containing liquid medium were critical factors yielding high transformation efficiency (~81 %) corroborated by transient GUS expression assay. Stable transgenic events were recovered following two cycles of meristem initiation and selection on hygromycin containing medium. Histochemical GUS assay in several tissues of transgenic plants and molecular analyses confirmed stable integration and expression of transgene. The protocol described here allowed recovery of well-established putative transgenic plantlets in as little as 5 months. The transgenic banana plants could be readily acclimatized under greenhouse conditions, and were phenotypically similar to the wild-type untransformed control plants (WT). Transgenic plants overexpressing Salinity-Induced Pathogenesis-Related class 10 protein gene from Arachis hypogaea (AhSIPR10) in banana cv. Matti (AA) showed better photosynthetic efficiency and less membrane damage (P < 0.05) in the presence of NaCl and mannitol in comparison to WT plants suggesting the role of AhSIPR10 in better tolerance of salt stress and drought conditions.
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20
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Almasi MA, Aghapour-Ojaghkandi M, Bagheri K, Ghazvini M, Hosseyni-Dehabadi SM. Comparison and evaluation of two diagnostic methods for detection of npt II and GUS genes in Nicotiana tabacum. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 175:3599-616. [PMID: 25820356 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1529-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To diminish the time required for some diagnostic assays including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and also a visual detection protocol on the basis of npt II and GUS genes in transgenic tobacco plants were used. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Nicotiana tabacum leaf discs was performed with plant transformation vector of pBI 121. From kanamycin-resistant plants selected by their antibiotic resistance, four plants were selected for DNA isolation. Presence of the transgene was confirmed in the transformants by PCR and LAMP. In this regard, all LAMP and PCR primers were designed on the basis of the gene sequences of npt II and GUS. The LAMP assay was applied for direct detection of gene marker from plant samples without DNA extraction steps (direct LAMP assay). Also, a novel colorimetric LAMP assay for rapid and easy detection of npt II and GUS genes was developed here, its potential compared with PCR assay. The LAMP method, on the whole, had the following advantages over the PCR method: easy detection, high sensitivity, high efficiency, simple manipulation, safety, low cost, and user friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Almasi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,
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21
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Arun M, Subramanyam K, Mariashibu TS, Theboral J, Shivanandhan G, Manickavasagam M, Ganapathi A. Application of sonication in combination with vacuum infiltration enhances the Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation in Indian soybean cultivars. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 175:2266-87. [PMID: 25480345 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1360-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is a recalcitrant crop to Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. Development of highly efficient, reproducible, and genotype-independent transformation protocol is highly desirable for soybean genetic improvement. Hence, an improved Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation protocol has been developed for cultivar PK 416 by evaluating various parameters including Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains (LBA4404, EHA101, and EHA105 harboring pCAMBIA1304 plasmid), sonication duration, vacuum infiltration pressure, and vacuum duration using cotyledonary node explants of soybean prepared from 7-day-old seedlings. The transformed plants were successfully developed through direct organogenesis system. Transgene expression was assessed by GUS histochemical and gfp visual assays, and integration was analyzed by PCR and Southern blot hybridization. Among the different combinations and durations evaluated, a maximum transformation efficiency of 18.6 % was achieved when the cotyledonary node explants of cv. PK 416 were sonicated for 20 s and vacuum infiltered for 2 min at 250 mmHg in A. tumefaciens EHA105 suspension. The amenability of the standardized protocol was tested on four more soybean cultivars JS 90-41, Hara Soy, Co 1, and Co 2 in which all the cultivars responded favorably with transformation efficiency ranging from 13.3 to 16.6 %. The transformation protocol developed in the present study would be useful to transform diverse soybean cultivars with desirable traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthukrishnan Arun
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024,, Tamil Nadu, India
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22
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Genetic transformation of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. ‘Estamaran’) via particle bombardment. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:8185-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3720-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Deeba F, Hyder MZ, Shah SH, Naqvi SMS. Multiplex PCR assay for identification of commonly used disarmed Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains. SPRINGERPLUS 2014; 3:358. [PMID: 25089249 PMCID: PMC4117855 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The success of Agrobacterium mediated plant transformation depends to a certain extent on appropriate selection of the A. tumefaciens strain for a particular plant species. Many stages in a plant transformation procedure are prone to bacterial contamination with similar antibiotic resistance that may compromise the identity of the A. tumefaciens strain used, in turn adversely affecting success of a transformation experiment. Different primer sets were designed to exploit genetic differences among different strains of A. tumefaciens which are commonly used for plant genetic transformation, to identity confirmation as well as to distinguish them from one another. The primer sets Ach5FtsZ-F/R specific for Ach5 and C58GlyA-F/R specific for C58 were designed on chromosomal DNA while primer sets pTiBo542-F/R and nptI-F/R specific for plasmid pTiBo542 are capable to identify and distinguish these strains from one another. These primer sets when used simultaneously in multiplex PCR, produce a pattern which uniquely identifies all these strains and distinguishes them except for GV3101 and C58C1, which can further be distinguished from each other by rifampicin screening. The multiplex PCR assay and primers being reported here serve as a valuable tool in determining the identity of A. tumefaciens strains at any stage of plant transformation procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Deeba
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Murree Road, 46300 Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan Hyder
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Hussain Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Murree Road, 46300 Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Muhammad Saqlan Naqvi
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Murree Road, 46300 Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Jaganath B, Subramanyam K, Mayavan S, Karthik S, Elayaraja D, Udayakumar R, Manickavasagam M, Ganapathi A. An efficient in planta transformation of Jatropha curcas (L.) and multiplication of transformed plants through in vivo grafting. PROTOPLASMA 2014; 251:591-601. [PMID: 24150424 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-013-0558-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
An efficient and reproducible Agrobacterium-mediated in planta transformation was developed in Jatropha curcas. The various factors affecting J. curcas in planta transformation were optimized, including decapitation, Agrobacterium strain, pin-pricking, vacuum infiltration duration and vacuum pressure. Simple vegetative in vivo cleft grafting method was adopted in the multiplication of transformants without the aid of tissue culture. Among the various parameters evaluated, decapitated plants on pin-pricking and vacuum infiltrated at 250 mmHg for 3 min with the Agrobacterium strain EHA 105 harbouring the binary vector pGA 492 was proved to be efficient in all terms with a transformation efficiency of 62.66%. Transgene integration was evinced by the GUS histochemical analysis, and the GUS positive plants were subjected to grafting. Putatively transformed J. curcas served as "Scion" and the wild type J. curcas plant severed as "Stock". There was no occurrence of graft rejection and the plants were then confirmed by GUS histochemical analysis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern hybridization. Genetic stability of the grafted plants was evaluated by using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), marker which showed 100% genetic stability between mother and grafted plants. Thus, an efficient in planta transformation and grafting based multiplication of J. curcas was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balusamy Jaganath
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
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Mayavan S, Subramanyam K, Arun M, Rajesh M, Kapil Dev G, Sivanandhan G, Jaganath B, Manickavasagam M, Selvaraj N, Ganapathi A. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated in planta seed transformation strategy in sugarcane. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2013; 32:1557-74. [PMID: 23749098 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-013-1467-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 05/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
An efficient, reproducible and genotype-independent in planta transformation has been standardized for sugarcane using seed as explant. Transgenic sugarcane production through Agrobacterium infection followed by in vitro regeneration is a time-consuming process and highly genotype dependent. To obtain more number of transformed sugarcane plants in a relatively short duration, sugarcane seeds were infected with Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA 105 harboring pCAMBIA 1304-bar and transformed plants were successfully established without undergoing in vitro regeneration. Various factors affecting sugarcane seed transformation were optimized, including pre-culture duration, acetosyringone concentration, surfactants, co-cultivation, sonication and vacuum infiltration duration. The transformed sugarcane plants were selected against BASTA(®) and screened by GUS and GFP visual assay, PCR and Southern hybridization. Among the different combinations and concentrations tested, when 12-h pre-cultured seeds were sonicated for 10 min and 3 min vacuum infiltered in 100 µM acetosyringone and 0.1 % Silwett L-77 containing Agrobacterium suspension and co-cultivated for 72-h showed highest transformation efficiency. The amenability of the standardized protocol was tested on five genotypes. It was found that all the tested genotypes responded favorably, though CoC671 proved to be the best responding cultivar with 45.4 % transformation efficiency. The developed protocol is cost-effective, efficient and genotype independent without involvement of any tissue culture procedure and can generate a relatively large number of transgenic plants in approximately 2 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanian Mayavan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
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Pradhan C, Pal A, Das AB, Chand PK. Retraction: Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and efficient regeneration of a timber yielding plant Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 19:613. [PMID: 24068859 PMCID: PMC3781288 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-013-0163-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay Pradhan
- />Plant Cell & Tissue Culture Facility, Post-Graduate
Department of Botany, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751 004 Odisha India
| | - Ajantaa Pal
- />Division of Plant Biotechnology, Regional Plant Resource
Centre, Bhubaneswar, 751 015 Odisha India
- />Department of Life Sciences, Regional Institute of Education,
Bhubaneswar, 751 022 Odisha India
| | - Anath B. Das
- />Division of Plant Biotechnology, Regional Plant Resource
Centre, Bhubaneswar, 751 015 Odisha India
- />Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Orissa University
of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751 003 Odisha India
| | - Pradeep K. Chand
- />Plant Cell & Tissue Culture Facility, Post-Graduate
Department of Botany, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751 004 Odisha India
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Pradhan C, Das AB, Chand PK. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and efficient regeneration of a timber yielding plant Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 19:611. [PMID: 24431531 PMCID: PMC3781289 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-012-0120-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay Pradhan
- />Plant Cell Tissue & Organ Culture Facility, Post-Graduate Department of Botany, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751004 Orissa India
| | - Anath Bandhu Das
- />Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003 Orissa India
| | - Pradeep K. Chand
- />Plant Cell Tissue & Organ Culture Facility, Post-Graduate Department of Botany, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, 751004 Orissa India
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Chong-Pérez B, Reyes M, Rojas L, Ocaña B, Ramos A, Kosky RG, Angenon G. Excision of a selectable marker gene in transgenic banana using a Cre/lox system controlled by an embryo specific promoter. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 83:143-152. [PMID: 23591693 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-013-0058-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic and herbicide resistance genes have been used in transgene technology as powerful selection tools. Nonetheless, once transgenic events have been obtained their presence is no longer needed and can even be undesirable. In this work, we have developed a system to excise the selectable marker and the cre recombinase genes from transgenic banana cv. 'Grande Naine' (Musa AAA). To achieve this, the embryo specific REG-2 promoter was isolated from rice and its expression pattern in banana cell clumps, somatic embryos and regenerated plantlets was characterized by using a pREG2::uidA fusion construct. Subsequently, the REG-2 promoter was placed upstream of the cre gene, conferring Cre functionality in somatic embryos and recombination of lox sites resulting in excision of the selectable marker and cre genes. PCR analysis revealed that 41.7 % of the analysed transgenic plants were completely marker free, results that were thereafter confirmed by Southern blot hybridization. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using developmentally controlled promoters to mediate marker excision in banana. This system does not require any extra handling compared to the conventional transformation procedure and might be useful in other species regenerating through somatic embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borys Chong-Pérez
- Instituto de Biotecnología de Las Plantas, Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas, Carretera A Camajuaní Km 5.5, Santa Clara, Villa Clara, Cuba
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Subramanyam K, Rajesh M, Jaganath B, Vasuki A, Theboral J, Elayaraja D, Karthik S, Manickavasagam M, Ganapathi A. Assessment of factors influencing the Agrobacterium-mediated in planta seed transformation of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.). Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 171:450-68. [PMID: 23852797 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0359-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and reproducible in planta transformation method was developed for brinjal using seed as an explant. The brinjal seeds were infected with Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA 105 harbouring pCAMBIA 1301-bar plasmid, and the transformants were selected against BASTA®. Several parameters influencing the in planta seed transformation such as pre-culture duration, acetosyringone concentration, surfactants, duration of sonication, vacuum pressure and vacuum duration have been evaluated. The putatively transformed (T 0) brinjal plants were screened by GUS histochemical analysis. Among the different combinations and concentrations tested, when the 18-h pre-cultured brinjal seeds were sonicated for 20 min and vacuum infiltered for 3 min at 500 mm of Hg in Agrobacterium suspension containing 100 μM acetosyringone, 0.2 % Silwett L-77 favoured the Agrobacterium infection and showed maximum transformation efficiency. Among the five brinjal varieties evaluated, Arka Samhitha showed maximum transformation efficiency at 45.66 %. The transgene was successfully transmitted to progeny plants (T 1) which was evidenced by GUS histochemical analysis, polymerase chain reaction and Southern hybridisation. The in planta protocol developed in the present study would be beneficial to transfer the economically and nutritionally important genes into different varieties of brinjal, and the transgenic brinjal plants can be produced in less time (approximately 27 days).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kondeti Subramanyam
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
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Physical methods for genetic plant transformation. Phys Life Rev 2012; 9:308-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2012.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Faizal A, Geelen D. Agroinfiltration of intact leaves as a method for the transient and stable transformation of saponin producing Maesa lanceolata. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2012; 31:1517-1526. [PMID: 22534683 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-012-1266-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A method has been developed to genetically transform the medicinal plant Maesa lanceolata. Initially, we tested conditions for transient expression of GFP-bearing constructs in agroinfiltrated leaves. Leaf tissues of M. lanceolata were infiltrated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying a nuclear-targeted GFP construct to allow the quantification of the transformation efficiency. The number of transfected cells was depended on the bacterial density, bacterial strains, the co-cultivation time, and presence of acetosyringone. The transient transformation assay generated the highest ratio of transfected cells over non-transfected cells upon 5 days post-infiltration using A. tumefaciens strain LBA4404 at an OD₆₀₀ = 1.0 in the presence of 100 μM acetosyringone and in the absence of a viral suppressor construct. In a second series of experiments we set up a stable transformation protocol that resulted in the regeneration of kanamycin-resistant plants expressing nuclear GFP. This transformation protocol will be used to introduce overexpression and RNAi constructs into M. lanceolata plants that may interfere with triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis. KEY MESSAGE We have developed a transformation protocol for saponin producing Maesa lanceolata. Using the protocol reported here, now we are able to generate the tools for the modification of saponin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Faizal
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Bakshi S, Sadhukhan A, Mishra S, Sahoo L. Improved Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of cowpea via sonication and vacuum infiltration. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2011; 30:2281-92. [PMID: 21853337 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-011-1133-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
An improved method of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of cowpea was developed employing both sonication and vacuum infiltration treatments. 4 day-old cotyledonary nodes were used as explants for co-cultivation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 harbouring the binary vector pSouv-cry1Ac. Among the different injury treatments, vacuum infiltration and their combination treatments tested, sonication for 20 s followed by vacuum infiltration for 5 min with A. tumefaciens resulted in highest transient GUS expression efficiency (93% explants expressing GUS at regenerating sites). After 3 days of co-cultivation, the explants were cultured in 150 mg/l kanamycin-containing selection medium and putative transformed plants were recovered. The presence, integration and expression of nptII and cry1Ac genes in T0 transgenic plants were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), genomic Southern and qualitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR analysis. Western blot hybridization and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detected and demonstrated the accumulation of Cry1Ac protein in transgenic plants. The cry1Ac gene transmitted in a Mendelian fashion. The stable transformation efficiency increased by 88.4% using both sonication-assisted Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (SAAT) and vacuum infiltration than simple Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in cowpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvika Bakshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
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Hahne G, Horn M, Reski R. Plant biotechnology in support of the Millennium Goals. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2011; 30:245-7. [PMID: 21279643 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-010-0990-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
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