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Schmitz D, Villa PM, Michel RFM, Putzke J, Pereira AB, Schaefer CEGR. Species composition, diversity and coverage pattern of associated communities of mosses-lichens along a pedoenvironmental gradient in Maritime Antarctica. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 94:e20200094. [PMID: 34730668 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120200094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Maritime Antarctica is one of the major terrestrial ecosystems dominated by lichens and mosses, which represent important ecological indicators. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the changes in associated communities of mosses-lichens diversity and coverage along a pedoenvironmental gradient on Half Moon Island, Maritime Antarctica. We focused on how patterns in associated communities of mosses-lichens species diversity (richness, species composition and beta diversity) and coverage are associated with soil properties using plant inventory data from 174 plots across 14 contrasting pedoenvironments. The results clearly show marked differences in soil properties along the pedoenvironmental gradient, which determine variations in species composition, richness and coverage. We presumed that these variations are common in Maritime Antarctica owing to varying periglacial processes, weathering degree, parent material and biological influence (especially by penguins and other birds). The community species richness and coverage along the pedoenvironmental gradient differ, nevertheless share common species present in most pedoenvironments, despite differences in coverage. We assume that most of the pedoenvironments are habitats to rare species that occur only under specific soil conditions, additionally promotes high β-diversity between pedoenvironments and low species similarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Schmitz
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Pedro Manuel Villa
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberto F M Michel
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Salobrinho, 45662-900 Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Jair Putzke
- Núcleo de Estudos da Vegetação Antártica (NEVA), Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Antônio B Pereira
- Núcleo de Estudos da Vegetação Antártica (NEVA), Universidade Federal do Pampa, 97300-000 São Gabriel, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ernesto G R Schaefer
- Campus Universitário, Núcleo TERRANTAR, Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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Whale bones: a key and endangered substrate for cryptogams in Antarctica. Polar Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-021-02944-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Wietrzyk-Pełka P, Rola K, Patchett A, Szymański W, Węgrzyn MH, Björk RG. Patterns and drivers of cryptogam and vascular plant diversity in glacier forelands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:144793. [PMID: 33497901 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Vascular and nonvascular plants are affected by environmental factors determining their distribution and shaping their diversity and cover. Despite the cryptogam commonness in Arctic communities, previous studies have often focused on limited number of factors and their impact on only selected species of vascular plants or cryptogams. Our study aimed to investigate in detail the differences in species diversity and cover of cryptogams and vascular plants in the glacier forelands and mature tundra on Svalbard. Furthermore, we determined the biotic and abiotic factors that affected diversity, cover and distribution of cryptogam and vascular plant species. In 2017, we established 201 plots in eight locations (each including habitat type of foreland and mature tundra) and surveyed species abundance, sampled soils and environmental data. Results revealed that diversity and cover of analysed groups differed significantly between locations and habitat types, except for cryptogam cover in mature tundra in terms of location. Distance to the glacier terminus, slope, soil conductivity, nutrient content, and clay content impacted both plant groups' diversity. In contrast, distance to the glacier terminus, nutrient content and soil pH affected their cover. In addition, for cryptogam diversity and cover, foreland location and vascular plant cover were also important, while for vascular plant cover time elapsed after glacier retreat was significant. Distribution of both groups' species in forelands was associated with time elapsed after glacier retreat, soil pH, and nutrient contents. Soil texture and distance to the glacier terminus additionally influenced cryptogam distribution. The positive impact of vascular plants on cryptogam diversity and cover indicates complex relationships between these groups, even in forelands' relatively simple communities. As the cryptogam diversity in the polar areas is high but still largely unknown, future studies on species ecology and climate change impact on vegetation should consider both vascular plants and cryptogams and interactions between these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Wietrzyk-Pełka
- Professor Z. Czeppe Department of Polar Research and Documentation, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 460, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Kaja Rola
- Department of Plant Ecology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Aurora Patchett
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 460, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 461, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Wojciech Szymański
- Department of Pedology and Soil Geography, Institute of Geography and Spatial Management, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał H Węgrzyn
- Professor Z. Czeppe Department of Polar Research and Documentation, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Robert G Björk
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 460, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 461, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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The pioneer lichen Placopsis in maritime Antarctica: Genetic diversity of their mycobionts and green algal symbionts, and their correlation with deglaciation time. Symbiosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-019-00624-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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