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Ola C, Speltz ML, Collett BR. Behavioral and Social Functioning of Children With and Without Positional Plagiocephaly: Late Infancy to School Age. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2022; 59:1361-1370. [PMID: 34647488 PMCID: PMC10507737 DOI: 10.1177/10556656211043739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Positional plagiocephaly and/or brachycephaly (PPB) is associated with cognition, motor, and other developmental outcomes, but little is known about the social-behavioral adjustment of children with PPB. The primary aim of this study was to compare the social-behavioral development of preschool and school-age children with and without PPB and to examine the potential moderating effects of PPB severity on group differences. Two hundred twenty children with a history of PPB and 164 controls participated in at least one behavioral assessment at 4-11 months, 18 months, 36 months, and 7 years. The frequencies of observed problem behaviors and social competence were estimated using the Child Behavior Checklist Ages 1.5-5 (CBCL/1.5-5), Caregiver-Teacher Report Form(C-TRF), CBCL/6-18, and Teacher Report Form. Children with PPB were similar to controls on the internalizing, externalizing, or total problems composites. At 7 years, CBCL/6-18 total competence scores were significantly lower in children with histories of PPB than controls. In analyses stratified by PPB severity, we found that children with moderate/severe PPB had slightly higher scores on the C-TRF internalizing scale at 36 months and lower total competence scores at age 7 years. Children who had a history of mild PPB were similar to controls on all outcomes. This study is the first to examine social and behavioral outcomes in a large cohort of children with and without a history of PPB. We found limited evidence of an association between PPB and parent and teacher-reported social-emotional and behavioral adjustment through early school-age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Ola
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, 145793Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Matthew L Speltz
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, 145793Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brent R Collett
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, 145793Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
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2
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Zachry AH, Woods L. Using the Theoretical Domains Framework and the Behavior Change Wheel to Design a Tummy Time Intervention. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, SCHOOLS, & EARLY INTERVENTION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19411243.2022.2048429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne H. Zachry
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lauren Woods
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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3
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Sacher R, Wuttke M, Göhmann U, Kayser C, Knabe-Ulner K, Ammermann E, Ammermann M, Krocker B, Fünfgeld L, Spittank H, Derlien S, Loudovici-Krug D. Effects of Single Manual Medicine Treatment for Infants with Postural
and Movement Asymmetries and Positional Preference: A Multicentre Randomised
Controlled Trial – SMMT for IPMA. PHYSIKALISCHE MEDIZIN, REHABILITATIONSMEDIZIN, KURORTMEDIZIN 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1704-3494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective The aim of the study was the evaluation of the effects of a
single manual medicine treatment (SMMT) for infants with postural and motor
asymmetries in upper cervical asymmetry disorder respectively kinematic
imbalance due to suboccipital strain (KISS).
Methods Design: Multicentre double-blind randomised study
Subjects/Setting: 202 infants at the age of 14–24 weeks with
postural and movement findings were examined in four study centres using the
standardized 4-item Symmetry-Score (points: 4=symmetric to
17=asymmetric). The inclusion criterion was a score of at least 10
points. The intervention group (IG) received a SMMT, whereas the control group
(CG) did not receive any manual therapy. In addition, the infants of both groups
were trained with a home exercise programme by their parents.
Statistical Methods The primary target parameter was the result of the
Symmetry-Score, measured before the intervention and 4–6 weeks
afterwards.
Results 171 children were randomised
(IG=83/CG=88). All infants enrolled were measured to the
second time-point (Intention-to-treat-analysis). The average improvement of IG
compared to CG in Symmetry-Score was 2.3 points (p<.001). Following the
score definition 80% of IG and 49% of CG fell below the
treatment threshold of 10 points. No side effects were observed.
Conclusions The SMMT significantly improves postural and motor asymmetries
in infants with KISS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robby Sacher
- Gemeinschaftspraxis Freistuhl 3, Praxis für Manuelle Medizin,
Dortmund, Germany
| | - Marc Wuttke
- Gemeinschaftspraxis Freistuhl 3, Praxis für Manuelle Medizin,
Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ulrich Göhmann
- Praxis, Kinderorthopädie – Manualmedizin, Hannover,
Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Liv Fünfgeld
- Praxis, Praxis für Allgmein- und Manualmedizin, Cottbus,
Germany
| | - Holger Spittank
- Praxis, Praxis für Manuelle Medizin & funktionelle
Orthopädie, Münster, Germany
| | - Steffen Derlien
- Institut für Physiotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Jena,
Jena, Germany
| | - Dana Loudovici-Krug
- Institut für Physiotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Jena,
Jena, Germany
- ÄMM, Forschungsberatungssstelle Manuelle Medizin, Jena,
Germany
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de Almeida Maia D, Bardid F, Koch T, Okuda P, Ploubidis G, Nordahl-Hansen A, Eid M, Cogo-Moreira H. Is Motor Milestone Assessment in Infancy Valid and Scaled Equally Across Sex, Birth Weight, and Gestational Age? Findings From the Millennium Cohort Study. Front Psychol 2022; 12:781602. [PMID: 35069362 PMCID: PMC8769219 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.781602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Is the assessment of motor milestones valid and scaled equivalently for all infants? It is not only important to understand if the way we use gross and fine motor scores are appropriate for monitoring motor milestones but also to determine if these scores are confounded by specific infant characteristics. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate the latent structure underlying motor milestone assessment in infancy and measurement invariance across sex, birth weight, and gestational age. For this study, the birth cohort data from the United Kingdom Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) was used, which includes the assessment of eight motor milestone tasks from the Denver Developmental Screening Test in 9-month-old infants (N = 18,531), depicting early motor development of the first children of generation Z. Confirmatory factor analyses showed a better model fit for a two-factor structure (i.e., gross and fine motor development) compared to a one-factor structure (i.e., general motor development), and multiple indicators multiple causes modeling revealed no differential item functioning related to sex, birth weight, and gestational age. The study provides support for the use of gross and fine motor scores when assessing motor milestones in infants—both boys and girls with different birth weights and of varying gestational ages. Further investigation into widely adopted assessment tools is recommended to support the use of valid composite scores in early childhood research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise de Almeida Maia
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Farid Bardid
- School of Education, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias Koch
- Department of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Paola Okuda
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - George Ploubidis
- Department of Social Science, Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Institute of Education, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anders Nordahl-Hansen
- Department of Education, ICT and Learning, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
| | - Michael Eid
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hugo Cogo-Moreira
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Education, ICT and Learning, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
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Jeličić L, Sovilj M, Bogavac I, Drobnjak A, Gouni O, Kazmierczak M, Subotić M. The Impact of Maternal Anxiety on Early Child Development During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:792053. [PMID: 35002886 PMCID: PMC8728063 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.792053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Maternal prenatal anxiety is among important public health issues as it may affect child development. However, there are not enough studies to examine the impact of a mother's anxiety on the child's early development, especially up to 1 year. Objective: The present prospective cohort study aimed to examine whether maternal trait anxiety, perceived social support, and COVID-19 related fear impacted speech-language, sensory-motor, and socio-emotional development in 12 months old Serbian infants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This follow-up study included 142 pregnant women (Time 1) and their children at 12 months (Time 2). Antenatal maternal anxiety and children's development were examined. Maternal anxiety was assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Child speech-language, sensory-motor, and socio-emotional development were assessed using the developmental scale in the form of an online questionnaire that examined the early psychophysiological child development. Information on socioeconomic factors, child and maternal demographics, clinical factors, and perceived fear of COVID-19 viral infection were collected. Multivariable General Linear Model analysis was conducted, adjusted for demographic, clinical, and coronavirus prenatal experiences, maternal prenatal anxiety levels, perceived social support, speech-language, motor skills, and cognitive and socio-emotional development at the infants' age of 12 months. Results: The study revealed the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal trait anxiety. The association between selected independent factors and infants' development was found in a demographically unified sample except for employment and the number of children. There was a correlation between all observed developmental functions. Univariate General Linear model statistical analysis indicated that linear models with selected independent factors and covariates could account for 30.9% (Cognition) up to 40.6% (Speech-language) of variability in developmental functions. It turned out that two-way and three-way interactions had a dominant role on models, and STAI-T Level and COVID-19 related fear were present in all interaction terms. Conclusion: Our findings reveal important determinants of child developmental outcomes and underline the impact of maternal anxiety on early child development. These findings lay the groundwork for the following interdisciplinary research on pregnancy and child development to facilitate and achieve positive developmental outcomes and maternal mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljiljana Jeličić
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Center,”Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Sovilj
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Bogavac
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Center,”Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - And̄ela Drobnjak
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olga Gouni
- Cosmoanelixis, Prenatal & Life Sciences, Athens, Greece
- Prenatal Sciences Research Institute, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Miško Subotić
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Center,”Belgrade, Serbia
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Andalò B, Rigo F, Rossi G, Majorano M, Lavelli M. Do motor skills impact on language development between 18 and 30 months of age? Infant Behav Dev 2021; 66:101667. [PMID: 34837789 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2021.101667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent evidence on the relation between motor development and language development in infancy, this relation is still little explored in the late second and third year. This study investigated whether gross and/or fine motor skills affect language outcomes in this age range and whether any such effects narrow over time to specific language categories related to motor experience, such as spatial vocabulary. Thirty-six Italian monolingual toddlers (58% girls) participated, divided into two groups based on their age. They were assessed twice: the younger group at 18 (Time-1) and 24 months (Time-2); the older group at 24 (Time-1) and 30 months (Time-2). At Time-1 motor and language abilities were measured using the Griffiths Mental Development Scales. At Time-2, only language outcomes (three vocabularies: nouns, predicates, and spatial terms) were assessed, using the Picture Naming Game-PiNG. Hierarchical linear regressions show that motor skills affect language abilities also in the late second and third year, but the impact varies according to the type of motor skills (gross vs. fine) and children's age. At 18 months, controlling for linguistic abilities, a global score of gross motor skills predicted predicate production, and a specific gross-motor coordination skill: general dynamic coordination (GDC) predicted noun production at 24 months. At 24 months, controlling for linguistic abilities, GDC predicted predicate production, and a combination of fine- and gross-motor coordination skills (bilateral coordination and GDC) predicted spatial vocabulary comprehension at 30 months. Overall, results suggest that the relation between motor and language development is not simple or stable over time, but rather dynamic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federica Rigo
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Germano Rossi
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy
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Sacher R. Vorgeburtliches Lernen: Warum wissen Babys, was sie wissen? MANUELLE MEDIZIN 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00337-021-00795-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Demographics of Positional Plagiocephaly and Brachycephaly; Risk Factors and Treatment. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32:2736-2740. [PMID: 34231510 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT In the last 3 decades, the incidence of positional cranial deformations in infants, such as positional plagiocephaly and positional brachycephaly, has increased. The deviating shape often causes parental concern for the later psychosocial wellbeing of the child. Treatment options are nonoperative, varying from positional change to helmet therapy, of which the effect has often been debated. Multiple risk factors have been associated with an increased risk on the development of these deformations. The goal of this study was to assess the impact of known risk factors on the type and severity of resulting positional cranial deformation.Parents were asked to fill out a questionnaire regarding the presence of risk factors, such as gender, age, pregnancy duration, method of delivery and reasons for atypical deliveries, breech position, birth weight, developmental status, positional preference, family history, number of siblings, and torticollis presence. Treatment methods were documented and plagiocephalometry was used to measure the cranial proportions. All children were invited to participate in short-term follow-up. The significance of the risk factors and the effect of different kinds of therapy are discussed. Although no significant correlation was found between severity and risk factors, some risk factors could be correlated with the kind of positional cranial deformation. Of the different therapies, helmet therapy had a significant impact on the reduction of positional plagiocephaly.
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Sacher R, Knüdeler M, Wuttke M, Wüstkamp N, Derlien S, Loudovici-Krug D. Manual therapy of infants with postural and movement asymmetries and positional preference. MANUELLE MEDIZIN 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00337-020-00760-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
There are different therapeutic approaches to persistent positional preference (kinematic imbalance due to suboccipital strain, KISS) in infants. There are no evidence-based or controlled studies investigating the effect of manual medicine treatment in children aged 3–6 months, particularly in combination with a home exercise programme. The presented monocentric study on one-time manual medicine treatment of infants aged 14–24 exhibiting these symptoms aims to close this gap.
Methods
This study comprises a controlled double-blind trial and per-protocol-analysis. Primary outcome was the 4-item symmetry score (4–17 points). The second measurement was performed after 4–6 weeks.
Results
A total of 62 infants were treated and evaluated (mean age 17 weeks). The intervention and control groups started with a symmetry score of 12.9 ± 2.1 and 12.5 ± 1.7 points, respectively. In the intervention group the score improved by 4.9 ± 2.4 to 8.0 ± 2.7 points, in the control group it improved by 2.9 ± 2.9 to 9.6 ± 3.0 points. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p = 0.03). Both groups had significantly better values over time (p < 0.001). No adverse events or side effects were observed.
Conclusion
Manual medicine treatment of infants with postural and movement asymmetries as well as positional preference in combination with a home exercise programme is superior to a home exercise programme alone. Both treatment concepts achieved significant improvements. However, the manual medicine treatment played an important role in reducing the symmetry score value for the affected children, such they were no longer in need of treatment.
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10
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Feijen MMW, van Cruchten C, van der Hulst RRWJ. The Effect of Cranial Shape on Esthetic Self-Worth in Bald Men. J Craniofac Surg 2020; 32:233-237. [PMID: 32833829 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT During the last 3 decades, the incidence of positional plagiocephaly and brachycephaly has increased. Treatment options are conservative and can include physiotherapy and molding helmet therapy. The decision to start therapy is based on patient history and subjective assessment of cranial shape by the physician and the parents. To determine the impact of these deformations on esthetic self-worth, as well as cranial shape, this study was conducted on a population of adult bald men.Participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire about the amount of comments received on cranial shape, as well as grade their general esthetic and grade craniofacial features using a visual analogue scale. The cranial proportions and symmetry were measured using plagiocephalometry.50 adult bald men were included in this study. The prevalence of nonsynostotic plagiocephaly was 12%; the prevalence of nonsynostotic brachycephaly was 0%. No significant correlation was found between plagiocephaly or brachycephaly, cranial circumference, width or length and amount of comments on cranial shape, cosmetic assessment of appearance or cosmetic assessment of cranial shape. On average, teeth and eyes were given the highest cosmetic value, eyebrows and chin were given the lowest scores.Cranial shape does not have a significant impact on the amount of comments received on cranial shape, nor the cosmetic assessment of either overall appearance or cranial shape in bald men. For bald men, eyes and teeth are more important craniofacial features in cosmetic assessment. There is no clear esthetic need to treat deviating cranial shape with helmet therapy in male patients.
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Collett BR, Kartin D, Wallace ER, Cunningham ML, Speltz ML. Motor Function in School-Aged Children With Positional Plagiocephaly or Brachycephaly. Pediatr Phys Ther 2020; 32:107-112. [PMID: 32218071 PMCID: PMC10507734 DOI: 10.1097/pep.0000000000000687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether children with a history of positional plagiocephaly/brachycephaly (PPB) show persistent deficits in motor development. METHODS In a longitudinal cohort study, we completed follow-up assessments with 187 school-aged children with PPB and 149 participants without PPB who were originally enrolled in infancy. Primary outcomes were the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Second Edition (BOT-2) composite scores. RESULTS Children with PPB scored lower than controls on the BOT-2. Stratified analyses indicated that differences were restricted to children who had moderate-severe PPB. No consistent differences were observed in children who had mild PPB. CONCLUSION Children who had moderate-severe PPB in infancy show persistent differences in motor function. We suggest close developmental monitoring and early intervention to address motor deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent R Collett
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development (Drs Collett, Wallace, and Speltz), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington; Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Drs Collett and Speltz), Rehabilitation Medicine (Dr Kartin), and Pediatrics (Dr Cunningham), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Seattle Children's Craniofacial Center (Dr Cunningham), Seattle, Washington
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