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Ding C, Yang JF, Wang X, Zhou YF, Khizar H, Jin Z, Zhang XF. Cold EMR vs. Hot EMR for the removal of sessile serrated polyps larger than 10 mm: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Surg 2024; 24:93. [PMID: 38509508 PMCID: PMC10953062 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-024-02325-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) appears to be a promising technique for the removal of sessile serrated polyps (SSPs) ≥ 10 mm. To assess the effectiveness and safety of EMR for removing SSPs ≥ 10 mm, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS We conducted a thorough search of Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases for relevant studies reporting on EMR of SSPs ≥ 10 mm, up until December 2023. Our primary endpoints of interest were rates of technical success, residual SSPs, and adverse events (AE). RESULTS Our search identified 426 articles, of which 14 studies with 2262 SSPs were included for analysis. The rates of technical success, AEs, and residual SSPs were 100%, 2.0%, and 3.1%, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the technical success rates were the same for polyps 10-19 and 20 mm, and en-bloc and piecemeal resection. Residual SSPs rates were similar in en-bloc and piecemeal resection, but much lower in cold EMR (1.0% vs. 4.2%, P = 0.034). AEs rates were reduced in cold EMR compared to hot EMR (0% vs. 2.9%, P = 0.168), in polyps 10-19 mm compared to 20 mm (0% vs. 4.1%, P = 0.255), and in piecemeal resection compared to en-bloc (0% vs. 0.7%, P = 0.169). CONCLUSIONS EMR is an effective and safe technique for removing SSPs ≥ 10 mm. The therapeutic effect of cold EMR is superior to that of hot EMR, with a lower incidence of adverse effects. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023388959.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian-Feng Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Feng Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hayat Khizar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zheng Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Malik TF, Mohan BP, Deliwala S, Kassab LL, Chandan S, Sharma NR, Adler DG. Cold Versus Hot Endoscopic Mucosal Resection for Sessile Serrated Colorectal Polyps ≥10 mm: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Clin Gastroenterol 2023:00004836-990000000-00239. [PMID: 38019045 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis studying the efficacy and safety of cold versus hot endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for resection of sessile serrated polyps (SSPs) ≥10 mm. METHODS Multiple databases were searched until January 2023 for studies reporting outcomes of cold versus hot EMR for SSPs ≥10 mm. The primary outcome was the residual SSP rate. Secondary outcomes included technical success rate, R0 resection rate, and adverse events. We used standard meta-analysis methods using the random-effects model, and I2% was used to assess heterogeneity. RESULTS Thirteen studies were included in the final analysis. In all, 1896 SSPs were included with a mean polyp size of 23.7 mm (range, 15.9 to 33). A total of 1452 SSPs were followed up for a median follow-up duration of 15.3 months (range, 6 to 37). The pooled residual SSP rate for cold EMR was 4.5% (95% CI: 1.0-17.4), and 5.1% (95% CI: 2.4-10.4) for hot EMR (P=0.9). The pooled rates of technical success, R0 resection, immediate bleeding, and perforation were comparable. Hot EMR was significantly associated with lower piecemeal resection (59.2% vs. 99.3%, P<0.001), higher en-bloc resection (41.4% vs. 1.4%, P<0.001), and delayed bleeding rate (4% vs. 0.7%, P=0.05) compared to cold EMR. CONCLUSIONS Cold EMR has similar efficacy compared to hot EMR for resection of SSP ≥ 10 mm, despite limitations in piecemeal R0 resection rate reporting. Although hot EMR was associated with a higher rate of en-bloc resection, it also showed an increased risk of delayed bleeding compared to cold EMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia F Malik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL
| | - Babu P Mohan
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Smit Deliwala
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Lena L Kassab
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Saurabh Chandan
- Department of Gastroenterology, CHI Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Neil R Sharma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Parkview Cancer Institute, Fort Wayne, IN
| | - Douglas G Adler
- Department of Gastroenterology, Center for Advanced Therapeutic Endoscopy (CATE), Centura Health, Porter Adventist Hospital, Denver, CO
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Sakowitz S, Bakhtiyar SS, Mallick S, Khoraminejad B, Olmedo M, Croman M, Benharash P, Lee H. Decreasing rates of colectomy for benign neoplasms: A nationwide analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293389. [PMID: 37878628 PMCID: PMC10599571 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advances in endoscopic techniques for management of benign colonic neoplasms, a rise in rates of surgical treatment has been reported. We used a nationally representative cohort to characterize temporal trends, patient characteristics, and outcomes associated with colectomy for colonic neoplasms. METHODS All patients undergoing elective partial colectomy for benign or malignant colonic neoplasms were identified using the 2012-2019 National Inpatient Sample. Those presenting with inflammatory bowel disease, or experiencing intestinal perforation were excluded. Patients with benign neoplasms were classified as the Benign cohort (others: Malignant). Trends, characteristics, and outcomes were assessed between groups. RESULTS Of 569,280 colectomy procedures included for analysis, 153,435 (27.0%) were performed for benign lesions. The proportion of Benign operations decreased from 28.6% in 2012 to 23.7% in 2019 (P for trend<0.001). While overall national incidence of colectomy for benign neoplasms decreased from 2012 to 2019 (IRD -1.19, 95%CI -1.20- -1.19), Black patients demonstrated an incremental increase (IRD +0.04, 95%CI +0.02-0.06). On average, Benign was younger (66 [57-72] vs 68 years [58-77], P<0.001), and demonstrated a lower Elixhauser comorbidity index (2 [1-3] vs 3 [2-4], P<0.001), relative to Malignancy. Following adjustment, Benign demonstrated lower odds of in-hospital mortality (AOR 0.61, 95%CI 0.50-0.74; P<0.001), stoma creation (AOR 0.46, 95%CI 0.43-0.50; P<0.001), and infectious complications (AOR 0.68, 95%CI 0.63-0.73; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The present national study identifies a decrease in colectomy for benign polyps from 2012-2019. Future investigations should identify patients who would most benefit from surgical resection and address persistent inequities in access to screening and treatment for colonic neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sakowitz
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories (CORELAB), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Syed Shahyan Bakhtiyar
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories (CORELAB), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Saad Mallick
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories (CORELAB), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Baran Khoraminejad
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories (CORELAB), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Manuel Olmedo
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories (CORELAB), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Millicent Croman
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Peyman Benharash
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories (CORELAB), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Hanjoo Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
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Xiao Q, Eckardt M, Mohamed A, Ernst H, Behrens A, Homann N, Hielscher T, Kähler G, Ebert M, Belle S, Zhan T. Onset Time and Characteristics of Postprocedural Bleeding after Endoscopic Resection of Colorectal Lesions: A Multicenter Retrospective Study. Dig Dis 2023; 42:78-86. [PMID: 37812925 DOI: 10.1159/000534109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Postprocedural bleeding is a major adverse event after endoscopic resection of colorectal lesions, but the optimal surveillance time after endoscopy is unclear. In this study, we determined onset time and characteristics of postprocedural bleeding events. METHODS We retrospectively screened patients who underwent endoscopic resection of colorectal lesions at three German hospitals between 2010 and 2019 for postprocedural bleeding events using billing codes. Only patients who required re-endoscopy were included for analysis. For identified patients, we collected demographic data, clinical courses, characteristics of colorectal lesions, and procedure-related variables. Factors associated with late-onset bleeding were determined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS From a total of 6,820 patients with eligible billing codes, we identified 113 cases with postprocedural bleeding after endoscopic mucosal (61.9%) or snare resection (38.1%) that required re-endoscopy. The median size of the culprit lesion was 20 mm (interquartile range 14-30 mm). The median onset time of postprocedural bleeding was day 3 (interquartile range: 1-6.5 days), with 48.7% of events occurring within 48 h. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrates that a continued intake of antiplatelet drugs (OR: 3.98, 95% CI: 0.89-10.12, p = 0.025) and a flat morphology of the colorectal lesion (OR: 2.98, 95% CI: 1.08-8.01, p = 0.031) were associated with an increased risk for late postprocedural bleeding (>48 h), whereas intraprocedural bleeding was associated with a decreased risk (OR: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.04-0.50, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Significant postprocedural bleeding can occur up to 18 days after endoscopic resection of colorectal lesions, but was predominantly observed within 48 h. Continued intake of antiplatelet drugs and a flat polyp morphology are associated with risk for late postprocedural bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyun Xiao
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Maximilian Eckardt
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Awsan Mohamed
- Department of Medicine IV, Carl-Thiem-Hospital Cottbus, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Helmut Ernst
- Department of Medicine IV, Carl-Thiem-Hospital Cottbus, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Alexander Behrens
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Academic Teaching Hospital Wolfsburg, Wolfsburg, Germany
| | - Nils Homann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Academic Teaching Hospital Wolfsburg, Wolfsburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hielscher
- Department of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georg Kähler
- Central Interdisciplinary Endoscopy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Cancer Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sebastian Belle
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Central Interdisciplinary Endoscopy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tianzuo Zhan
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Cancer Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Zaffalon D, Daca-Alvarez M, Saez de Gordoa K, Pellisé M. Dilemmas in the Clinical Management of pT1 Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3511. [PMID: 37444621 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Implementation of population-based colorectal cancer screening programs has led to increases in the incidence of pT1 colorectal cancer. These incipient invasive cancers have a very good prognosis and can be treated locally, but more than half of these cases are treated with surgery due to the presence of histological high-risk criteria. These high-risk criteria are suboptimal, with no consensus among clinical guidelines, heterogeneity in definitions and assessment, and poor concordance in evaluation, and recent evidence suggests that some of these criteria considered high risk might not necessarily affect individual prognosis. Current criteria classify most patients as high risk with an indication for additional surgery, but only 2-10.5% have lymph node metastasis, and the residual tumor is present in less than 20%, leading to overtreatment. Patients with pT1 colorectal cancer have excellent disease-free survival, and recent evidence indicates that the type of treatment, whether endoscopic or surgical, does not significantly impact prognosis. As a result, the protective role of surgery is questionable. Moreover, surgery is a more aggressive treatment option, with the potential for higher morbidity and mortality rates. This article presents a comprehensive review of recent evidence on the clinical management of pT1 colorectal cancer. The review analyzes the limitations of histological evaluation, the prognostic implications of histological risk status and the treatment performed, the adverse effects associated with both endoscopic and surgical treatments, and new advances in endoscopic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Zaffalon
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Gastroenterology Department, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Torrebonica, s/n, 08227 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Maria Daca-Alvarez
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karmele Saez de Gordoa
- Pathology Department, Centre de Diagnostic Biomèdic, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Pellisé
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Li DF, Van Overbeke L, Ohata K, Wang LS, Yao J. Efficacy and safety of cold snare polypectomy for sessile serrated polyps ≥ 10 mm: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dig Liver Dis 2022; 54:1486-1493. [PMID: 35168877 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2022.01.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) is a promising technique for the removal of sessile serrated polyps (SSPs) ≥ 10 mm. However, the efficacy and safety of this technique remain undetermined. AIMS We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of CSP for SSPs ≥ 10 mm. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched up to January 2021. RESULTS A total of 10 studies consisting of 1727 SSPs (range, 10-40 mm) from 1021 patients were included. The overall rates of technical success, adverse events (AEs) and residual SSPs were 100%, 0.7% and 2.9%, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the rates of technical success and AEs were comparable between CSP and cold endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) (99.9% vs. 100% and 1.3% vs. 0.5%, respectively), between the proximal and distal colon (100% vs. 99.9% and 0.3% vs. 0, respectively), and between polyps of 10-19 mm and ≥20 mm (99.8% vs. 100% and 0.9% vs. 0, respectively). However, subgroup analysis showed that the rate of residual SSPs was slightly lower in CSP compared with cold EMR (1.3% vs. 3.9%), as well as in polyps of 10-19 mm compared with those ≥20 mm (3.1% vs. 4.7%). CONCLUSION CSP was an effective and safe technique for removing SSPs ≥ 10 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Feng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), No.1017, Dongmen North Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | | | - Ken Ohata
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-8625, Japan
| | - Li-Sheng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), No.1017, Dongmen North Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China.
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), No.1017, Dongmen North Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China.
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Castillo-Regalado E, Uchima H. Endoscopic management of difficult laterally spreading tumors in colorectum. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2022; 14:113-128. [PMID: 35432746 PMCID: PMC8984535 DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v14.i3.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the advent of the screening programs for colorectal cancer and the era of quality assurance colonoscopy the number the polyps that can be considered difficult, including large (> 20 mm) laterally spreading tumors (LSTs), has increased in the last decade. All LSTs should be assessed carefully, looking for suspicious areas of submucosal invasion (SMI), such as nodules or depressed areas, describing the morphology according to the Paris classification, the pit pattern, and vascular pattern. The simplest, most appropriate and safest endoscopic treatment with curative intent should be selected. For LST-granular homogeneous type, piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection should be the first option due to its biological low risk of SMI. LST-nongranular pseudodepressed type has an increased risk of SMI, and en bloc resection should be mandatory. Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection is useful in situations where submucosal injection alters the operative field, e.g., for the resection of scar lesions, with no lifting, adjacent tattoo, incomplete resection attempts, lesions into a colonic diverticulum, in ileocecal valve and lesions with intra-appendicular involvement. Endoscopic full thickness resection is very useful for the treatment of difficult to resect lesions of less than 20 up to 25 mm. Among the indications, we highlight the treatment of polyps with suspected malignancy because the acquired tissue allows an exact histologic risk stratification to assign patients individually to the best treatment and avoid surgery for low-risk lesions. Endoscopic submucosal dissection is the only endoscopic procedure that allows completes en bloc resection regardless of the size of the lesion. It should therefore be indicated in the treatment of lesions with risk of SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Castillo-Regalado
- Endoscopy Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona 08916, Spain
- Endoscopic Unit, Creu Groga Medical Center, Calella 08370, Spain
| | - Hugo Uchima
- Endoscopy Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona 08916, Spain
- Endoscopic Unit, Teknon Medical Center, Barcelona 08022, Spain
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Winter K, Włodarczyk M, Włodarczyk J, Dąbrowski I, Małecka-Wojciesko E, Dziki A, Spychalski M. Risk Stratification of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Colon Tumors. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061560. [PMID: 35329886 PMCID: PMC8949025 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a technique proven effective in the treatment of early neoplastic lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. However, in the case of colon lesions, many doubts remain. The purpose of our study is to stratify the success rates of the ESD procedure in the colon. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 601 patients who underwent ESD procedure for colorectal neoplasm from 2016 to 2019 in Center of Bowel Treatment, Brzeziny, Poland. Excluding 335 rectal neoplasms, we selected 266 patients with lesions located in the colon. Results: Lesions located in the left colon were characterized by the statistically higher en bloc resection and success rate, compared with the right colon—87.76% vs. 73.95% (p = 0.004) and 83.67% vs. 69.75% (p = 0.007), respectively. The success rate was significantly lower in lesions with submucosal cancer, compared to low- and high-grade dysplasia (p < 0.001). Polyps located in the right colon were characterized by a slightly higher complication rate compared to the left colon, without statistical significance—13.45% vs. 9.52% (p = 0.315). Conclusions: Our results show that colonic ESD has a high success rate, especially in the left colon, with a low risk of complications, slightly higher than in the right colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Winter
- Center of Bowel Treatment, 95-060 Brzeziny, Poland; (I.D.); (M.S.)
- Clinical Department of General and Oncological Gastroenterology, University Clinical Hospital No. 1, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-426-776-664; Fax: +48-678-6480
| | - Marcin Włodarczyk
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland; (M.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Jakub Włodarczyk
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland; (M.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Igor Dąbrowski
- Center of Bowel Treatment, 95-060 Brzeziny, Poland; (I.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Ewa Małecka-Wojciesko
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Adam Dziki
- Department of General and Colorectal Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Haller Square 1, 90-419 Lodz, Poland;
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Staudenmann D, Choi KKH, Kaffes AJ, Saxena P. Current endoscopic closure techniques for the management of gastrointestinal perforations. Ther Adv Gastrointest Endosc 2022; 15:26317745221076705. [PMID: 35252863 PMCID: PMC8891873 DOI: 10.1177/26317745221076705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute gastrointestinal perforations occur either from spontaneous or iatrogenic
causes. However, particular attention should be made in acute iatrogenic
perforations as timely diagnosis and endoscopic closure prevent morbidity and
mortality. With the increasing use of diagnostic endoscopy and advances in
therapeutic endoscopy worldwide, the endoscopist must be able to recognize and
manage perforations. Depending on the size and location of the defect, a variety
of endoscopic clips, stents, and suturing devices are available. This review
aims to prepare and guide the endoscopist to use the right tools and techniques
for optimal patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Staudenmann
- AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Praxis Intesto, Bern, Switzerland; Université de Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Kyung Ho Choi
- AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Arthur John Kaffes
- AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Payal Saxena
- AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, 50 Missenden Road, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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10
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Mann R, Gajendran M, Umapathy C, Perisetti A, Goyal H, Saligram S, Echavarria J. Endoscopic Management of Complex Colorectal Polyps: Current Insights and Future Trends. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:728704. [PMID: 35127735 PMCID: PMC8811151 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.728704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most colorectal cancers arise from adenomatous polyps and sessile serrated lesions. Screening colonoscopy and therapeutic polypectomy can potentially reduce colorectal cancer burden by early detection and removal of these polyps, thus decreasing colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Most endoscopists are skilled in detecting and removing the vast majority of polyps endoscopically during a routine colonoscopy. Polyps can be considered “complex” based on size, location, morphology, underlying scar tissue, which are not amenable to removal by conventional endoscopic polypectomy techniques. They are technically more challenging to resect and carry an increased risk of complications. Most of these polyps were used to be managed by surgical intervention in the past. Rapid advancement in endoscopic resection techniques has led to a decreasing role of surgery in managing these complex polyps. These endoscopic resection techniques do require an expert in the field and advanced equipment to perform the procedure. In this review, we discuss various advanced endoscopic techniques for the management of complex polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupinder Mann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Agnes Medical Center, Fresno, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Rupinder Mann
| | - Mahesh Gajendran
- Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Chandraprakash Umapathy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Abhilash Perisetti
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Interventional Oncology and Surgical Endoscopy (IOSE), Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN, United States
| | - Hemant Goyal
- The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, Scranton, PA, United States
| | - Shreyas Saligram
- Division of Gastroenterology, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Juan Echavarria
- Division of Gastroenterology, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for removal of large polyps is well established in adults. EMR technique in the pediatric population is less utilized due to lower incidence of large intestinal polyps in pediatric patients and limited EMR training for pediatric gastroenterologists. The aim of this study is to retrospectively review safety and efficacy of pediatric EMR cases at two large, tertiary referral centers with adult and pediatric EMR expertise. METHODS A retrospective chart review was conducted at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center from January 2012 to May 2021. Demographic, clinical, technical and follow up data were collected for patients <18 years of age who underwent EMR during the study period. RESULTS Fifteen pediatric EMR procedures were identified in 11 patients (five male, six female) during the study period. Indication was most frequently rectal bleeding. Polyp size removed ranged from 9 to 60 mm and pathology was consistent with juvenile inflammatory polyps in six patients. Technical success was achieved in 14 of 15 (93%) of EMRs with clinical success (desired clinical outcome) in all 13 procedures with clinical follow-up. There were no adverse events. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies a case series of pediatric patients who underwent EMR at two tertiary care centers. This series demonstrates successful EMR in children and shows a high technical and clinical success rate with a low complication rate. More investigation into EMR in pediatric patients is necessary, and its use should be isolated to centers with endoscopists with specific experience in EMR techniques.
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12
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Lee CJ, Vemulapalli KC, Rex DK. Colorectal EMR outcomes in octogenarians versus younger patients referred for removal of large (≥20 mm) nonpedunculated polyps. Gastrointest Endosc 2021; 93:699-703. [PMID: 33075367 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2020.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Data are limited on safety and outcomes of colorectal EMR in octogenarians (≥80 years old). We sought to review outcome data for patients aged ≥80 in a prospectively collected database of patients referred for large polyp removal. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated a database of patients referred for large (≥20 mm) nonpedunculated polyp removal. From 2000 to 2019, we compared the rates of follow-up, recurrence, adverse events, and synchronous neoplasia detection between younger patients and patients aged ≥80. RESULTS There were 167 patients aged ≥80 years and 1686 <80 years. Patients in the elderly group returned for surveillance less often (67.1% vs 75.1%, P = .024), had greater first follow-up recurrence rates (27.5% vs 13.8%, P < .001), but had similar adverse event rates (1.8% vs 2.8%, P = .619) compared with younger patients. Rates of synchronous neoplasia were similar and high in both groups. CONCLUSIONS EMR is safe and well tolerated for large polyp removal in patients over 80 years old. Patients aged ≥80 years are less likely to present for follow-up after EMR. They had a higher recurrence rate and a similarly high prevalence of synchronous precancerous lesions. Follow-up after EMR should be encouraged in the elderly, and an attempt to clear the colon of synchronous disease at the time of the initial EMR may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Krishna C Vemulapalli
- Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Douglas K Rex
- Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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13
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Martines G, Picciariello A, Dibra R, Trigiante G, Jambrenghi OC, Chetta N, Altomare DF. Efficacy of cyanoacrylate in the prevention of delayed bleeding after endoscopic mucosal resection of large colorectal polyps: a pilot study. Int J Colorectal Dis 2020; 35:2141-2144. [PMID: 32577871 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-020-03678-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative bleeding is a common complication after endoscopic polypectomy, particularly after endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of large non-pedunculated polyps, despite prophylactic clipping can reduce its occurrence. Cyanoacrylate glue has recently been proposed as a useful tool in reducing bleeding in surgery because of its adhesive and haemostatic properties. The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of endoscopic application of a modified cyanoacrylate glue in the prevention of early or delayed post EMR bleeding. METHODS This is a pilot study. Inclusion criteria were patients between 18 and 75 years old affected by sessile or flat colonic polyps larger than 2 cm. Patients enrolled in the study were randomized in two groups: group A (EMR) and group B (EMR with the application of 0.3 ml of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate + methacryloxysulfolane-Glubran 2®). RESULTS Fifteen patients in both group A and B were enrolled. There were no intraoperative complications but haemostatic clipping was necessary in 3 patients in each group because of active bleeding. Delayed (after 24 h) bleeding occurred in two patients (13.3%) in group A requiring hospital readmission and re-do endoscopy with apposition of haemostatic clips. No case of bleeding was recorded in group B (p = 0.48). CONCLUSION The results of this pilot study suggest a potential role of local spray application of Glubran®2 in reducing post-procedural bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Martines
- Department of Emergency and Organ transplantation, Surgical Unit "M.Rubino", Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Arcangelo Picciariello
- Department of Emergency and Organ transplantation, Surgical Unit "M.Rubino", Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Rigers Dibra
- Department of Emergency and Organ transplantation, Surgical Unit "M.Rubino", Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Trigiante
- Department of Emergency and Organ transplantation, Surgical Unit "M.Rubino", Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - O Caputi Jambrenghi
- Department of Emergency and Organ transplantation, Surgical Unit "M.Rubino", Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Chetta
- Department of Emergency and Organ transplantation, Surgical Unit "M.Rubino", Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Donato Francesco Altomare
- Department of Emergency and Organ transplantation, Surgical Unit "M.Rubino", Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, Bari, Italy. .,IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy. .,Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Piazza G Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
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14
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Xiang BJ, Huang YH, Jiang M, Dai C. Effects of antithrombotic agents on post-operative bleeding after endoscopic resection of gastrointestinal neoplasms and polyps: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Meta-Anal 2020. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v8.i5.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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15
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Xiang BJ, Huang YH, Jiang M, Dai C. Effects of antithrombotic agents on post-operative bleeding after endoscopic resection of gastrointestinal neoplasms and polyps: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Meta-Anal 2020; 8:411-434. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v8.i5.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are some studies investigating the relationship between antithrombotic medication and postoperative bleeding after endoscopic resection (ER) with controversial results.
AIM To perform a meta-analysis evaluating the effects of antithrombotic therapy on postoperative bleeding after ER.
METHODS A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of studies. Stata 12.0 was used for statistical analysis. The odds ratio (OR) and 95%CI were calculated and heterogeneity was quantified using Cochran’s Q test and I2.
RESULTS Total 66 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled data suggested that antithrombotic therapy was significantly associated with postoperative bleeding (OR = 2.302, 95%CI: 2.057-2.577, P = 0.000) after ER. The risk of postoperative bleeding after endoscopic submucosal dissection, endoscopic mucosal resection and polypectomy in the antithrombotic group was higher than the non-antithrombotic group (OR = 2.439, 95%CI: 1.916-3.105; OR = 2.688, 95%CI: 1.098-6.582; OR = 2.112, 95%CI: 1.434-3.112).
CONCLUSION The risk of postoperative bleeding after ER correlated with the types and management of antithrombotic agents by our meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Jie Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yu-Hong Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Cong Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
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16
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Thoguluva Chandrasekar V, Aziz M, Patel HK, Sidhu N, Duvvuri A, Dasari C, Kennedy KF, Ashwath A, Spadaccini M, Desai M, Jegadeesan R, Sathyamurthy A, Vennalaganti P, Kohli D, Hassan C, Pellise M, Repici A, Sharma P, Bourke MJ. Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Resection of Sessile Serrated Polyps 10 mm or Larger: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 18:2448-2455.e3. [PMID: 31786330 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The best method for endoscopic resection of sessile serrated polyps (SSP) 10 mm or larger is unclear; studies report variable outcomes in comparison to conventional adenomas. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of resection of SSPs 10 mm or larger in size. METHODS We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Embase, and Cochrane databases for studies reporting data on endoscopic resection of SSPs 10 mm or larger, through May 31st, 2019. The primary outcome was rate of residual SSP, which was the rate of residual SSP found at the polypectomy site during the first follow-up colonoscopy. Secondary outcomes were: technical success (rate of complete macroscopic resection), R0 resection rate (complete histological resection with absence of any polyp tissue at the lateral and deep margins after en-bloc resection), and adverse events (immediate or delayed bleeding and perforation). We performed IQR,group analyses for outcomes based on polyp size and resection techniques. Pooled proportion rates (%) or odds ratio with 95% CIs with heterogeneity (I2) and P < .05. RESULTS A total of 14 studies met the inclusion criteria: 911 patients (50.2% male; mean age, 62.8 ± 4.9 years) who underwent resection of 1137 SSPs (574 SSPs ≥ 20 mm) with a median polyp size of 19.4 mm (interquartile range, 15.9-29.6 mm). Follow-up information was available for 832 SSPs with a median follow-up duration of 12 months (interquartile range, 6-22.5 months). Piecemeal resection was performed in 58.5% SSPs. The pooled residual SSP rate was 4.3% (95% CI, 2%-6.5%). There was a higher residual SSP rate for polyps ≥ 20 mm compared to 10-19 mm (5.9% vs 1.2%; odds ratio, 3.02; 95% CI, 1-9.2; P = .049). Cold endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) had significantly lower rates of delayed bleeding (0 vs 2.3%; P = .03) and residual polyp rate (0.9% vs 5%; P=.01) compared to hot EMR, based on univariate analysis. In multi-variate analysis there was no difference in residual polyp rate. There was no significant difference in other outcomes based on the size or method of resection. CONCLUSIONS In a systematic review and meta-analysis, we found that SSPs ≥ 10 mm can be safely resected with low residual polyp rates. Polyp size ≥ 20 mm is a significant factor for residual polyp. Compared to hot EMR, cold EMR is associated with a lower rate of delayed bleeding. Randomized controlled trials comparing hot and cold resection are needed to standardize techniques and optimize outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Aziz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Harsh K Patel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, Jefferson, Louisiana
| | - Naaz Sidhu
- Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney Medical School, Sydney, Australia
| | - Abhiram Duvvuri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - ChandraShekhar Dasari
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Kevin F Kennedy
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Ashwini Ashwath
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Marco Spadaccini
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Madhav Desai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Ramprasad Jegadeesan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, Illinois
| | - Anjana Sathyamurthy
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Prashanth Vennalaganti
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Divyanshoo Kohli
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Cesare Hassan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nuovo Regina Margherita Hospital, Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Pellise
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alessandro Repici
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Prateek Sharma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Michael J Bourke
- Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney Medical School, Sydney, Australia
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17
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Zhang Z, Xia Y, Cui H, Yuan X, Wang C, Xie J, Tong Y, Wang W, Xu L. Underwater versus conventional endoscopic mucosal resection for small size non-pedunculated colorectal polyps: a randomized controlled trial : (UEMR vs. CEMR for small size non-pedunculated colorectal polyps). BMC Gastroenterol 2020; 20:311. [PMID: 32967616 PMCID: PMC7510164 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-020-01457-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) is a recently developed technique and can be performed during water-aided or ordinary colonoscopy for the treatment of colorectal polyps. The objective of this clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of UEMR in comparison with conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (CEMR) of small non-pedunculated colorectal polyps. METHODS Patients with small size, non-pedunculated colorectal polyps (4-9 mm in size) who underwent colonoscopic polypectomy were enrolled in this multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial. The patients were randomly allocated to two groups, an UEMR group and a CEMR group. Efficacy and safety were compared between groups. RESULTS In the intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, the complete resection rate was 83.1% (59/71) in the UEMR group and 87.3% (62/71) in the CEMR group. The en-bloc resection rate was 94.4% (67/71) in the UEMR group and 91.5% (65/71) in the CEMR group (difference 2.9%; 90% CI - 4.2 to 9.9%), showed noninferiority (noninferiority margin - 5.7% < - 4.2%). No significant difference in procedure time (81 s vs. 72 s, P = 0.183) was observed. Early bleeding was observed in 1.4% of patients in the CEMR group (1/71) and 1.4% of patients in the UEMR group (1/71). None of the patients in the UEMR group complained of postprocedural bloody stool, whereas two patients in the CEMR group (2/64) reported this adverse event. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that UEMR is safer and just as effective as CEMR in En-bloc resection for the treatment of small colorectal polyps as such, UEMR is recommended as an alternative approach to excising small and non-pedunculated colorectal adenomatous polyps. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials.gov, NCT03833492 . Retrospectively registered on February 7, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Zhang
- College of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, China
| | - Yonghong Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ninghai Second Hospital, Ningbo, 315600, China
| | - Hongyao Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Haishu Second Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- College of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, China
| | - Chunnian Wang
- Ningbo Clinical and Pathological Diagnosis Center, Ningbo, 315021, China
| | - Jiarong Xie
- College of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, China
| | - Yarong Tong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ninghai Second Hospital, Ningbo, 315600, China
| | - Weihong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, China.
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, China.
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Rashid MU, Khetpal N, Zafar H, Ali S, Idrisov E, Du Y, Stein A, Jain D, Hasan MK. Colon mucosal neoplasia referred for endoscopic mucosal resection: Recurrence of adenomas and prediction of submucosal invasion. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2020; 12:198-211. [PMID: 32733641 PMCID: PMC7360516 DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v12.i7.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is an effective and minimally invasive alternative to surgery for large polyps and laterally spreading lesions. Gross morphology and surface characteristics may help predict submucosal invasion of the lesion (SMIL) during endoscopic evaluation. This is one of the largest single-center studies reporting endoscopic mucosal resection for larger (≥ 20 mm) colorectal lesions in the United States.
AIM To determine the recurrence rate of adenomas and endoscopic features that may predict submucosal invasion of colonic mucosal neoplasia.
METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study of all the patients referred for endoscopic mucosal resection for lesions ≥ 20 mm, spanning a period from January 2013 to February 2017. The main outcome measure was identifying features that may predict submucosal invasion of mucosal lesions and predict recurrence of adenomas on follow-up surveillance colonoscopy performed at 4-6 mo.
RESULTS A total of 480 patients with 500 lesions were included in the study. The median age was 68 (Inter quantile range: 14) with 52% males. The most common lesion location was ascending colon (161; 32%). Paris classification 0-IIa (Flat elevation of mucosa - 316; 63.2%); Kudo Pit Pattern IIIs (192; 38%) and Granular surface morphology (260; 52%) were most prevalent. Submucosal invasion was present in 23 (4.6%) out of 500 lesions. The independent risk factors for SMIL were Kudo Pit Pattern IIIL + IV and V (Odds ratio: 4.5; P value < 0.004) and Paris classification 0-IIc (Odds ratio: 18.2; P value < 0.01). Out of 500, 354 post-endoscopic mucosal resection scars were examined at surveillance colonoscopy. Recurrence was noted in 21.8% (77 cases).
CONCLUSION There was overall low prevalence of SMIL in our study. Kudo pit pattern (IIIL + IV and V) and Paris classification 0-IIc were the only factors identified as an independent risk factor for submucosal invasion. The independent risk factor for recurrence was adenoma size (> 40 mm). Almost all recurrences (98.8%) were treated endoscopically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoon Ur Rashid
- Department of Internal Medicine, Advent Health Graduate Medical Education, Orlando, FL 32804, United States
| | - Neelam Khetpal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Advent Health Graduate Medical Education, Orlando, FL 32804, United States
| | - Hammad Zafar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Advent Health Graduate Medical Education, Orlando, FL 32804, United States
| | - Saeed Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Univerity of Iowa hospital, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Evgeny Idrisov
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma, OK 73104, United States
| | - Yuan Du
- Department of Internal Medicine, Advent Health Graduate Medical Education, Orlando, FL 32804, United States
| | - Assaf Stein
- Center for Interventional Endoscopy, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32803, United States
| | - Deepanshu Jain
- Center for Interventional Endoscopy, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32803, United States
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19
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Skouras T, Bond A, Gaglia A, Bonnett L, Jiang Lim M, Sarkar S. Outcomes and adverse factors for endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of colorectal polyps in elderly patients. Frontline Gastroenterol 2020; 12:95-101. [PMID: 33613939 PMCID: PMC7873540 DOI: 10.1136/flgastro-2019-101294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is an invaluable technique, however it is associated with significant risks. In the elderly in particular, the long-term survival benefits of polyp resection with EMR are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term outcomes in elderly patients who had undergone EMR and to identify any adverse factors. METHOD A retrospective observational study on patients of 75 years of age or greater, who underwent EMR of colorectal polyps, in a single tertiary centre, from 2005 to 2014. Demographics of the patients, including Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), endoscopic and histological data, were reviewed to identify potential factors predicting outcomes. RESULTS The patients' median age was 80 years. In total 239 procedures were performed in 206 unique patients. The complication rate was 1.6%. Mean overall survival was 6.7 years with only one patient dying from metastatic colorectal cancer (0.5%) and 49 dying from non-colorectal cancer conditions (24%). Age more than 79 years and CCI more than 2 were independent predictors of significantly shorter survival (p=<0.01). Gender, size of the removed polyps and total number of polyps were not statistically significantly affecting survival. Patients who had more than two colonoscopies were found to have a survival benefit (p=0.02). CONCLUSION EMR of colonic polyps is safe even for elderly patients. However, the decision to proceed to complex endoscopic therapy should be individualised considering the patients' age and comorbidities. CCI can help to objectively assess the comorbid state of a patient prior to such decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Skouras
- Gastroenterology, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ashley Bond
- Gastroenterology, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Asimina Gaglia
- Gastroenterology, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Laura Bonnett
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Meng Jiang Lim
- Gastroenterology, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sanchoy Sarkar
- Gastroenterology, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
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20
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Periprocedural adverse events after endoscopic resection of T1 colorectal carcinomas. Gastrointest Endosc 2020; 91:142-152.e3. [PMID: 31525362 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2019.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In contrast to the adverse event (AE) risk of endoscopic resection (ER) of adenomas, the intra- and postprocedural AE risks of ER of T1 colorectal cancer (CRC) are scarcely reported in the literature. It is unclear whether ER of early CRCs, which grow into the submucosal layer and sometimes show incomplete lifting, is associated with an increased AE risk. We aimed to identify the AE rate after ER of T1 CRCs and to identify the risk factors associated with these AEs. METHODS Medical records of patients with T1 CRCs diagnosed between 2000 and 2014 in 15 hospitals in the Netherlands were reviewed. Patients who underwent primary ER were selected. The primary outcome was the occurrence of endoscopy-related AEs. The secondary outcome was the identification of risk factors. Multivariate logistic regression was performed. RESULTS Endoscopic AEs occurred in 59 of 1069 (5.5%) patients, among which 37.3% were classified as mild, 59.3% as moderate, and 3.4% as severe. AEs were postprocedural bleeding (n = 40, 3.7%), perforation (n = 13, 1.2%), and postpolypectomy electrocoagulation syndrome (n = 6, 0.6%). No fatal AEs were observed. Independent predictors for AEs were age >70 years (odds ratio, 2.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-3.96) and tumor size >20 mm (odds ratio, 2.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-4.69). CONCLUSIONS In this large multicenter retrospective cohort study, AE rates of ER of T1 CRC (5.5%) are comparable with reported AE rates for adenomas. Larger tumor size and age >70 years are independent predictors for AEs. This study suggests that endoscopic treatment of T1 CRCs is not associated with an increased periprocedural AE risk.
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Pioche M, Wallenhorst T, Lepetit H, Lépilliez V, Rivory J, Legros R, Rostain F, Bianchi L, Charissoux A, Hervieu V, Moreno-Garcia M, Robinson P, Saurin JC, Ponchon T, Viprey M, Roche L, Subtil F, Jacques J. Endoscopic mucosal resection with anchoring of the snare tip: multicenter retrospective evaluation of effectiveness and safety. Endosc Int Open 2019; 7:E1496-E1502. [PMID: 31673623 PMCID: PMC6811348 DOI: 10.1055/a-0990-9068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) with snare is the recommended technique to resect non-invasive colorectal neoplastic lesions between 10 and 30 mm in diameter. The objective of EMR is to resect completely the neoplastic tissue en bloc and preferably with free margins (R0), avoiding recurrences. Anchoring the tip of the snare in the submucosa is a technical trick that allows snare sliding to be reduced and larger pieces to be caught. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of anchoring-EMR (A-EMR). Methods This was a retrospective analysis of A-EMR procedures for lesions of diameter between 10 and 30 mm (endoscopic evaluation) performed consecutively in four French centers between May 2017 and January 2018. A-EMR was routinely performed for all EMR using Olympus conventional snares (10 or 25 mm). The primary outcome was evaluation of the proportion of R0 resections. Results A total of 141 A-EMR procedures were performed by 10 operators. Mean lesion size was 19.8 mm. Anchoring was feasible in 96.5 % of cases. There were 81.6 % en bloc resections and 70.2 % R0 resections, with the percentage of procedures decreasing with increasing lesion size (82.8 % < 20 mm, 55.3 % 21 - 30 mm, and 50.0 % > 30 mm, P = 0.002). Complete perforations closed endoscopically occurred in 3/141 cases (2.1 %); none occurred in lesions < 20 mm in size (0 /87). Conclusion The A-EMR technique appears to be promising with a high proportion of R0 for lesions of 10 - 20 mm in size without any perforations. It could also offer an alternative to endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), or to hybrid techniques to reach R0 for lesions between 20 and 30 mm in size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Pioche
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Pavillon H, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France,Inserm U1032, Labtau, Lyon, France,Corresponding author Mathieu Pioche, MD PhD Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit – Digestive Disease DepartmentH Pavillon – Edouard Herriot Hospital69437 Lyon CedexFrance+33-4-72110147
| | - Timothée Wallenhorst
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Hugo Lepetit
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Vincent Lépilliez
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Mermoz Private Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Jérôme Rivory
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Pavillon H, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Romain Legros
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Florian Rostain
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Pavillon H, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Bianchi
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | | | | | - Maira Moreno-Garcia
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Pavillon H, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Philip Robinson
- Délégation de la Recherche Clinique et de l’Innovation, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Saurin
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Pavillon H, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Thierry Ponchon
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Pavillon H, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Marie Viprey
- Pôle de Santé Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, HESPER EA 7425, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Roche
- Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Fabien Subtil
- Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jérémie Jacques
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
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Cold snare endoscopic resection of nonpedunculated colorectal polyps larger than 10 mm: a systematic review and pooled-analysis. Gastrointest Endosc 2019; 89:929-936.e3. [PMID: 30639542 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hot snare polypectomy and EMR are the standard of care in resecting colorectal polyps ≥10 mm. To avoid the risk of electrocautery-induced damage, there is recent evidence about using cold snare polypectomy and cold EMR for such lesions. The aim of this pooled analysis is to report outcomes of cold snare resection for polyps ≥10 mm. METHODS PubMed/Medline, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases were searched up to July 2018 to identify studies that performed cold snare resection for colorectal polyps ≥10 mm. Primary outcomes were adverse events (bleeding, perforation, and postpolypectomy abdominal pain), and secondary outcomes were the rates of complete resection, overall residual polyp rates, and rates for adenomas versus sessile serrated polyps (SSPs). Subgroup analysis was performed focusing on lesion size, location, and resection technique. RESULTS Eight studies were included in the final analysis that included 522 colorectal polyps with a mean polyp size of 17.5 mm (range, 10-60). The overall adverse event rate was 1.1% (95% confidence interval, CI, 0.2%-2.0%; I2 = 0%). Intra- and postprocedural bleeding rates were .7% (95% CI, 0%-1.4%) and .5% (95% CI, .1%-1.2%), respectively, with abdominal pain rate being .6% (95% CI, .1%-1.3%). Polyps ≥20 mm had a higher intraprocedural bleeding rate of 1.3% (95% CI, .7%-3.3%) and abdominal pain rate of 1.2% (95% CI, .7%-3.0%) but no delayed bleedings. No perforations were reported. The complete resection rate was 99.3% (95% CI, 98.6%-100%). Overall pooled residual rates of polyps of any histology, adenomas, and SSPs were 4.1% (95% CI, .2%-8.4%), 11.1% (95% CI, 4.1%-18.1%), and 1.0% (95% CI, .4%-2.4%), respectively, during a follow-up period ranging from 154 to 258 days. CONCLUSIONS The results of this systematic review and pooled analysis were excellent with cold snare resection of colorectal polyps >10 mm in terms of postpolypectomy bleeding, complete resection, and residual polyp rates. Randomized controlled trials comparing cold snare resection with hot snare resections of polyps ≥10 mm are required for further investigation.
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Dang H, de Vos Tot Nederveen Cappel WH, van der Zwaan SMS, van den Akker-van Marle ME, van Westreenen HL, Backes Y, Moons LMG, Holman FA, Peeters KCMJ, van der Kraan J, Langers AMJ, Lijfering WM, Hardwick JCH, Boonstra JJ. Quality of life and fear of cancer recurrence in T1 colorectal cancer patients treated with endoscopic or surgical tumor resection. Gastrointest Endosc 2019; 89:533-544. [PMID: 30273589 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2018.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To optimize therapeutic decision-making in early invasive colorectal cancer (T1 CRC) patients, it is important to elicit the patient's perspective next to considering medical outcome. Because empirical data on patient-reported impact of different treatment options are lacking, we evaluated patients' quality of life, perceived time to recovery, and fear of cancer recurrence after endoscopic or surgical treatment for T1 CRC. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we selected patients with histologically confirmed T1 CRC who participated in the Dutch Bowel Cancer Screening Programme and received endoscopic or surgical treatment between January 2014 and July 2017. Quality of life was measured using the European Organization for Research and Treatment 30-item Core Quality of Life Questionnaire and the 5-level EuroQoL 5-dimension questionnaire. We used the Cancer Worry Scale (CWS) to evaluate patients' fear of cancer recurrence. A question on perceived time to recovery after treatment was also included in the set of questionnaires sent to patients. RESULTS Of all 119 eligible patients, 92.4% responded to the questionnaire (endoscopy group, 55/62; surgery group, 55/57). Compared with the surgery group, perceived time to recovery was on average 3 months shorter in endoscopically treated patients after adjustment for confounders (19.9 days vs 111.3 days; P = .001). The 2 treatment groups were comparable with regard to global quality of life, functioning domains, and symptom severity scores. Moreover, patients in the endoscopy group did not report more fear of cancer recurrence than those in the surgery group (CWS score, 0-40; endoscopy 7.6 vs surgery 9.7; P = .140). CONCLUSIONS From the patient's perspective, endoscopic treatment provides a quicker recovery than surgery, without provoking more fear of cancer recurrence or any deterioration in quality of life. These results contribute to the shared therapeutic decision-making process of clinicians and T1 CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sarita M S van der Zwaan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Yara Backes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Leon M G Moons
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Fabian A Holman
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Koen C M J Peeters
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jolein van der Kraan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra M J Langers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Willem M Lijfering
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - James C H Hardwick
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jurjen J Boonstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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