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Tourula E, Lenzini M, Rhodes A, Hetz SE, Pearson J. Facial fanning reduces heart rate but not tolerance to a simulated hemorrhagic challenge following exercise heat stress in young healthy humans. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2024; 326:R210-R219. [PMID: 38105763 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00180.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
We investigated whether reducing face skin temperature alters arterial blood pressure control and lower body negative pressure (LBNP) tolerance after exercise heat stress. Eight subjects (1 female; age, 27 ± 9 yr) exercised at ∼63% V̇o2max until core temperature had increased ∼1.5°C before undergoing LBNP to presyncope either with fanning to return face skin temperature to baseline (Δ-5°C, Fan trial) or without (No Fan trial). LBNP tolerance was quantified as cumulative stress index (CSI; mmHg·min). Before LBNP, whole body and face skin temperatures were elevated from baseline in both trials (38.0 ± 0.5°C and 36.3 ± 0.5°C, respectively, both P < 0.001). During LBNP, face skin temperature decreased in the Fan trial (30.9 ± 1.0°C) but was unchanged in the No Fan trial (36.1 ± 0.6°C, between trials P < 0.001). Mean arterial pressure was not different between trials (P = 0.237) and was similarly reduced at presyncope in both trials (from 82 ± 7 to 67 ± 8 mmHg, P < 0.001). During LBNP, heart rate was attenuated in the Fan trial at Mid LBNP (146 ± 16 vs. 158 ± 12 beats/min, P = 0.036) and at peak heart rate (158 ± 15 vs. 170 ± 15 beats/min; P < 0.001). LBNP tolerance was not different between trials (321 ± 248 vs. 328 ± 115 mmHg·min, P = 0.851). In exercise heat-stressed individuals, lowering face skin temperature to normothermic values suppressed heart rate thereby altering cardiovascular control during a simulated hemorrhagic challenge without reducing tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Tourula
- William J. Hybl Sports Medicine and Performance Center, Department of Human Physiology and Nutrition, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States
- Department of Kinesiology, H. H. Morris Human Performance Laboratories, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States
| | - Miramani Lenzini
- William J. Hybl Sports Medicine and Performance Center, Department of Human Physiology and Nutrition, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States
| | - Addison Rhodes
- William J. Hybl Sports Medicine and Performance Center, Department of Human Physiology and Nutrition, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States
| | - Sarah E Hetz
- William J. Hybl Sports Medicine and Performance Center, Department of Human Physiology and Nutrition, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States
| | - James Pearson
- William J. Hybl Sports Medicine and Performance Center, Department of Human Physiology and Nutrition, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States
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Palma JA. Muscarinic control of cardiovascular function in humans: a review of current clinical evidence. Clin Auton Res 2024; 34:31-44. [PMID: 38305989 PMCID: PMC10994193 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-024-01016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the available evidence on the impact of muscarinic receptor modulation on cardiovascular control in humans. METHODS In this narrative Review we summarize data on cardiovascular endpoints from clinical trials of novel subtype-selective or quasi-selective muscarinic modulators, mostly PAMs, performed in the last decade. We also review the cardiovascular phenotype in recently described human genetic and autoimmune disorders affecting muscarinic receptors. RESULTS Recent advancements in the development of compounds that selectively target muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are expanding our knowledge about the physiological function of each muscarinic receptor subtype (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5). Among these novel compounds, positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) have emerged as the preferred therapeutic to regulate muscarinic receptor subtype function. Many muscarinic allosteric and orthosteric modulators (including but not limited to xanomeline-trospium and emraclidine) are now in clinical development and approaching regulatory approval for multiple indications, including the treatment of cognitive and psychiatric symptoms in patients with schizophrenia as well as Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. The results of these clinical trials provide an opportunity to understand the influence of muscarinic modulation on cardiovascular autonomic control in humans. While the results and the impact of each of these therapies on heart rate and blood pressure control have been variable, in part because the clinical trials were not specifically designed to measure cardiovascular endpoints, the emerging data is valuable to elucidate the relative cardiovascular contributions of each muscarinic receptor subtype. CONCLUSION Understanding the muscarinic control of cardiovascular function is of paramount importance and may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for treating cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose-Alberto Palma
- Department of Neurology, NYU Dysautonomia Center, New York University School of Medicine, 530 First Av, Suite 9Q, New York, 10016, USA.
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van Weperen VYH, Ripplinger CM, Vaseghi M. Autonomic control of ventricular function in health and disease: current state of the art. Clin Auton Res 2023; 33:491-517. [PMID: 37166736 PMCID: PMC10173946 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-023-00948-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiac autonomic dysfunction is one of the main pillars of cardiovascular pathophysiology. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the current state of the art on the pathological remodeling that occurs within the autonomic nervous system with cardiac injury and available neuromodulatory therapies for autonomic dysfunction in heart failure. METHODS Data from peer-reviewed publications on autonomic function in health and after cardiac injury are reviewed. The role of and evidence behind various neuromodulatory therapies both in preclinical investigation and in-use in clinical practice are summarized. RESULTS A harmonic interplay between the heart and the autonomic nervous system exists at multiple levels of the neuraxis. This interplay becomes disrupted in the setting of cardiovascular disease, resulting in pathological changes at multiple levels, from subcellular cardiac signaling of neurotransmitters to extra-cardiac, extra-thoracic remodeling. The subsequent detrimental cycle of sympathovagal imbalance, characterized by sympathoexcitation and parasympathetic withdrawal, predisposes to ventricular arrhythmias, progression of heart failure, and cardiac mortality. Knowledge on the etiology and pathophysiology of this condition has increased exponentially over the past few decades, resulting in a number of different neuromodulatory approaches. However, significant knowledge gaps in both sympathetic and parasympathetic interactions and causal factors that mediate progressive sympathoexcitation and parasympathetic dysfunction remain. CONCLUSIONS Although our understanding of autonomic imbalance in cardiovascular diseases has significantly increased, specific, pivotal mediators of this imbalance and the recognition and implementation of available autonomic parameters and neuromodulatory therapies are still lagging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Y H van Weperen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UCLA Cardiac Arrythmia Center, University of California, 100 Medical Plaza, Suite 660, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | | | - Marmar Vaseghi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UCLA Cardiac Arrythmia Center, University of California, 100 Medical Plaza, Suite 660, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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Di X, Gao X, Peng L, Ai J, Jin X, Qi S, Li H, Wang K, Luo D. Cellular mechanotransduction in health and diseases: from molecular mechanism to therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:282. [PMID: 37518181 PMCID: PMC10387486 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01501-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular mechanotransduction, a critical regulator of numerous biological processes, is the conversion from mechanical signals to biochemical signals regarding cell activities and metabolism. Typical mechanical cues in organisms include hydrostatic pressure, fluid shear stress, tensile force, extracellular matrix stiffness or tissue elasticity, and extracellular fluid viscosity. Mechanotransduction has been expected to trigger multiple biological processes, such as embryonic development, tissue repair and regeneration. However, prolonged excessive mechanical stimulation can result in pathological processes, such as multi-organ fibrosis, tumorigenesis, and cancer immunotherapy resistance. Although the associations between mechanical cues and normal tissue homeostasis or diseases have been identified, the regulatory mechanisms among different mechanical cues are not yet comprehensively illustrated, and no effective therapies are currently available targeting mechanical cue-related signaling. This review systematically summarizes the characteristics and regulatory mechanisms of typical mechanical cues in normal conditions and diseases with the updated evidence. The key effectors responding to mechanical stimulations are listed, such as Piezo channels, integrins, Yes-associated protein (YAP) /transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), and transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4). We also reviewed the key signaling pathways, therapeutic targets and cutting-edge clinical applications of diseases related to mechanical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingpeng Di
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoshuai Gao
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Liao Peng
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhong Ai
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xi Jin
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Shiqian Qi
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Kunjie Wang
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Deyi Luo
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.
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Zhu X, Wang S, Cheng Y, Gu H, Zhang X, Teng M, Zhang Y, Wang J, Hua W, Lu X. Physiological ischemic training improves cardiac function through the attenuation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and the activation of the vagus nerve in chronic heart failure. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1174455. [PMID: 37152604 PMCID: PMC10157045 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1174455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study investigated the functional outcomes of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) after physiological ischemic training (PIT), identified the optimal PIT protocol, evaluated its cardioprotective effects and explored the underlying neural mechanisms. Methods Patients with CHF were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 25, PIT intervention + regular treatment) and control group (n = 25, regular treatment). The outcomes included the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and cardiopulmonary parameters. LVEF and cardiac biomarkers in CHF rats after various PIT treatments (different in intensity, frequency, and course of treatment) were measured to identify the optimal PIT protocol. The effect of PIT on cardiomyocyte programmed cell death was investigated by western blot, flow cytometry and fluorescent staining. The neural mechanism involved in PIT-induced cardioprotective effect was assessed by stimulation of the vagus nerve and muscarinic M2 receptor in CHF rats. Results LVEF and VO2max increased while BNP decreased in patients subjected to PIT. The optimal PIT protocol in CHF rats was composed of five cycles of 5 min ischemia followed by 5 min reperfusion on remote limbs for 8 weeks. LVEF and cardiac biomarker levels were significantly improved, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis was inhibited. However, these cardioprotective effects disappeared after subjecting CHF rats to vagotomy or muscarinic M2 receptor inhibition. Conclusion PIT improved functional outcomes in CHF patients. The optimal PIT protocol required appropriate intensity, reasonable frequency, and adequate treatment course. Under these conditions, improvement of cardiac function in CHF was confirmed through cardiomyocyte apoptosis reduction and vagus nerve activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shenrui Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihui Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongmei Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Nantong Geriatric Rehabilitation Hospital, Branch of Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiu Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meiling Teng
- Children’s Healthcare Department, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiayue Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Hua
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Lu,
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Jiang Y, Yeasmin M, Gondin AB, Christopoulos A, Valant C, Burger WAC, Thal DM. Importance of receptor expression in the classification of novel ligands at the M 2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. Br J Pharmacol 2022. [PMID: 36550621 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Affinity-based, selective orthosteric ligands for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are difficult to develop due to high sequence homology across the five subtypes. Selectivity can also be achieved via the selective activation of a particular subtype or signalling pathway. Promisingly, a prior study identified compounds 6A and 7A as functionally selective and Gi biased compounds at the M2 mAChR. Here, we have investigated the activation of individual G protein subfamilies and the downstream signalling profiles of 6A and 7A at the M2 mAChR. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH G protein activation was measured with the TRUPATH assay in M2 mAChR FlpIn CHO cells. Activity in downstream signalling pathways was determined using the cAMP CAMYEL BRET sensor and assay of ERK 1/2 phosphorylation. KEY RESULTS M2 mAChRs coupled to Gɑi1 , GɑoA and Gɑs , but not Gɑq , in response to canonical orthosteric agonists. Compounds 6A and 7A did not elicit any G protein activation, cAMP inhibition or stimulation, or ERK 1/2 phosphorylation. Instead, a Schild analysis indicates a competitive, antagonistic interaction of compounds 6A and 7A with ACh in the Gɑi1 activation assay. Overexpression of the M2 mAChR may suggest an expression-dependent activation profile of compounds 6A and 7A. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These data confirm that the M2 mAChR preferentially couples to Gɑi/o and to a lesser extent to Gɑs in response to canonical orthosteric ligands. However, this study was not able to detect Gɑi bias of compounds 6A and 7A, highlighting the importance of cellular background when classifying new ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Jiang
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mahmuda Yeasmin
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Arisbel B Gondin
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Arthur Christopoulos
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Celine Valant
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wessel A C Burger
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David M Thal
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Carbone AM, Del Calvo G, Nagliya D, Sharma K, Lymperopoulos A. Autonomic Nervous System Regulation of Epicardial Adipose Tissue: Potential Roles for Regulator of G Protein Signaling-4. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:6093-6103. [PMID: 36547076 PMCID: PMC9776453 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44120415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) or epicardial fat is a visceral fat depot in the heart that contains intrinsic adrenergic and cholinergic nerves, through which it interacts with the cardiac sympathetic (adrenergic) and parasympathetic (cholinergic) nervous systems. These EAT nerves represent a significant source of several adipokines and other bioactive molecules, including norepinephrine, epinephrine, and free fatty acids. The production of these molecules is biologically relevant for the heart, since abnormalities in EAT secretion are implicated in the development of pathological conditions, including coronary atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure. Sympathetic hyperactivity and parasympathetic (cholinergic) derangement are associated with EAT dysfunction, leading to a variety of adverse cardiac conditions, such as heart failure, diastolic dysfunction, atrial fibrillation, etc.; therefore, several studies have focused on exploring the autonomic regulation of EAT as it pertains to heart disease pathogenesis and progression. In addition, Regulator of G protein Signaling (RGS)-4 is a protein with significant regulatory roles in both adrenergic and muscarinic receptor signaling in the heart. In this review, we provide an overview of the autonomic regulation of EAT, with a specific focus on cardiac RGS4 and the potential roles this protein plays in this regulation.
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Flores Chang M, Guevara N, Argueta M, Jimenez Y, Vitaly A, Baghdadi S. Case Report: A rare case of symptomatic bradycardia secondary to aripiprazole in a patient with bipolar disorder type I. F1000Res 2022; 11:1233. [PMID: 38283125 PMCID: PMC10818102 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.126979.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
It is well known that typical antipsychotic drugs have been implicated as a cause of ventricular arrhythmias and cardiac arrest; studies have shown that conventional antipsychotics increase the risk of hospitalization for ventricular arrhythmias or cardiac arrest nearly 2-fold. However, atypical antipsychotics are not associated with an increased risk of hospitalization for ventricular arrhythmias or cardiac arrest. The use of atypical antipsychotics increased since they were first discovered and now are the mainstay of treatment, but with their broad use, heart effects have been documented, such as prolonged QT interval. Clozapine has been linked to severe cardiac problems, and risperidone has been linked to an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. We present a case of a patient with bipolar disorder who presented with symptomatic bradycardia secondary to aripiprazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailing Flores Chang
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, St. Barnabas Health System, The Bronx, New York, 10487, USA
| | - Nehemias Guevara
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, St. Barnabas Health System, The Bronx, New York, 10487, USA
| | - Marlon Argueta
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, St. Barnabas Health System, The Bronx, New York, 10487, USA
| | - Yomary Jimenez
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, St. Barnabas Health System, The Bronx, New York, 10487, USA
| | - Adler Vitaly
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, St. Barnabas Health System, The Bronx, New York, 10487, USA
| | - Salim Baghdadi
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St. Barnabas Hospital Health System, The Bronx, New York, 10457, USA
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Tadelle A. QT Interval Prolongation in Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy. RRCC 2022. [DOI: 10.2147/rrcc.s371615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Zhu L, Huang L, Le A, Wang TJ, Zhang J, Chen X, Wang J, Wang J, Jiang C. Interactions between the Autonomic Nervous System and the Immune System after Stroke. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3665-3704. [PMID: 35766834 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Stroke-induced immune-inflammatory response occurs in the perilesion areas and the periphery. Although stroke-induced immunosuppression may alleviate brain injury, it hinders brain repair as the immune-inflammatory response plays a bidirectional role after acute stroke. Furthermore, suppression of the systemic immune-inflammatory response increases the risk of life-threatening systemic bacterial infections after acute stroke. Therefore, it is essential to explore the mechanisms that underlie the stroke-induced immune-inflammatory response. Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activation is critical for regulating the local and systemic immune-inflammatory responses and may influence the prognosis of acute stroke. We review the changes in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems and their influence on the immune-inflammatory response after stroke. Importantly, this article summarizes the mechanisms on how ANS regulates the immune-inflammatory response through neurotransmitters and their receptors in immunocytes and immune organs after stroke. To facilitate translational research, we also discuss the promising therapeutic approaches modulating the activation of the ANS or the immune-inflammatory response to promote neurologic recovery after stroke. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3665-3704, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Leo Huang
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anh Le
- Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tom J Wang
- Winston Churchill High School, Potomac, Maryland, USA
| | - Jiewen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Junmin Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China.,Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
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Tahk MJ, Torp J, Ali MAS, Fishman D, Parts L, Grätz L, Müller C, Keller M, Veiksina S, Laasfeld T, Rinken A. Live-cell microscopy or fluorescence anisotropy with budded baculoviruses-which way to go with measuring ligand binding to M 4 muscarinic receptors? Open Biol 2022; 12:220019. [PMID: 35674179 PMCID: PMC9175271 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that has been associated with alcohol and cocaine abuse, Alzheimer's disease, and schizophrenia which makes it an interesting drug target. For many GPCRs, the high-affinity fluorescence ligands have expanded the options for high-throughput screening of drug candidates and serve as useful tools in fundamental receptor research. Here, we explored two TAMRA-labelled fluorescence ligands, UR-MK342 and UR-CG072, for development of assays for studying ligand-binding properties to M4 receptor. Using budded baculovirus particles as M4 receptor preparation and fluorescence anisotropy method, we measured the affinities and binding kinetics of both fluorescence ligands. Using the fluorescence ligands as reporter probes, the binding affinities of unlabelled ligands could be determined. Based on these results, we took a step towards a more natural system and developed a method using live CHO-K1-hM4R cells and automated fluorescence microscopy suitable for the routine determination of unlabelled ligand affinities. For quantitative image analysis, we developed random forest and deep learning-based pipelines for cell segmentation. The pipelines were integrated into the user-friendly open-source Aparecium software. Both image analysis methods were suitable for measuring fluorescence ligand saturation binding and kinetics as well as for screening binding affinities of unlabelled ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maris-Johanna Tahk
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jane Torp
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mohammed A. S. Ali
- Department of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Narva Street 20, 51009 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Dmytro Fishman
- Department of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Narva Street 20, 51009 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Leopold Parts
- Department of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Narva Street 20, 51009 Tartu, Estonia
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Lukas Grätz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Müller
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Max Keller
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Santa Veiksina
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tõnis Laasfeld
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Narva Street 20, 51009 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ago Rinken
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Alcamo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Pediatric Sepsis Program at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Scott L. Weiss
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Pediatric Sepsis Program at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Choi S, Vivas O, Baudot M, Moreno CM. Aging Alters the Formation and Functionality of Signaling Microdomains Between L-type Calcium Channels and β2-Adrenergic Receptors in Cardiac Pacemaker Cells. Front Physiol 2022; 13:805909. [PMID: 35514336 PMCID: PMC9065441 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.805909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart rate is accelerated to match physiological demands through the action of noradrenaline on the cardiac pacemaker. Noradrenaline is released from sympathetic terminals and activates β1-and β2-adrenergic receptors (ΑRs) located at the plasma membrane of pacemaker cells. L-type calcium channels are one of the main downstream targets potentiated by the activation of β-ARs. For this signaling to occur, L-type calcium channels need to be located in close proximity to β-ARs inside caveolae. Although it is known that aging causes a slowdown of the pacemaker rate and a reduction in the response of pacemaker cells to noradrenaline, there is a lack of in-depth mechanistic insights into these age-associated changes. Here, we show that aging affects the formation and function of adrenergic signaling microdomains inside caveolae. By evaluating the β1 and β2 components of the adrenergic regulation of the L-type calcium current, we show that aging does not alter the regulation mediated by β1-ARs but drastically impairs that mediated by β2-ARs. We studied the integrity of the signaling microdomains formed between L-type calcium channels and β-ARs by combining high-resolution microscopy and proximity ligation assays. We show that consistent with the electrophysiological data, aging decreases the physical association between β2-ARs and L-type calcium channels. Interestingly, this reduction is associated with a decrease in the association of L-type calcium channels with the scaffolding protein AKAP150. Old pacemaker cells also have a reduction in caveolae density and in the association of L-type calcium channels with caveolin-3. Together the age-dependent alterations in caveolar formation and the nano-organization of β2-ARs and L-type calcium channels result in a reduced sensitivity of the channels to β2 adrenergic modulation. Our results highlight the importance of these signaling microdomains in maintaining the chronotropic modulation of the heart and also pinpoint the direct impact that aging has on their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Choi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Oscar Vivas
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Matthias Baudot
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Claudia M Moreno
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Kuptsova AM, Bugrov RK, Ziyatdinova NI, Zefirov TL. Delayed Consequences of Experimental Myocardial Infarction: Functional Responses to Stimulation of α2-Adrenoreceptors in the Isolated Heart. Bull Exp Biol Med 2022; 172:419-422. [PMID: 35175479 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-022-05406-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We carried out a comparative analysis of the performance of the heart isolated from healthy rats and in 54 and 120 days after modeling of myocardium infarction. On day 120, the blood supply and heart contraction force increased, while HR did not change. Stimulation of α2-adrenoreceptors with clonidine hydrochloride (10-9 M) reduced the force and rate of contraction and the blood flow in the isolated heart from healthy rats. Stimulation of α2-adrenoreceptors of the isolated heart on day 54 after modeling of myocardium infarction induced a positive inotropic response, bradycardia, and insignificant changes in the heart blood flow. On day 120, stimulation of α2-adrenoreceptors slightly reduced HR and the force of contraction and induced biphasic changes in the coronary flow of the isolated heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Kuptsova
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
| | - R K Bugrov
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
| | - N I Ziyatdinova
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
| | - T L Zefirov
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia.
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15
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Koncz I, Verkerk AO, Nicastro M, Wilders R, Árpádffy-Lovas T, Magyar T, Tóth N, Nagy N, Madrid M, Lin Z, Efimov IR. Acetylcholine Reduces IKr and Prolongs Action Potentials in Human Ventricular Cardiomyocytes. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020244. [PMID: 35203454 PMCID: PMC8869322 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) has a meaningful basis as a potentially effective treatment for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. There is an ongoing VNS randomized study, and four studies are completed. However, relatively little is known about the effect of acetylcholine (ACh) on repolarization in human ventricular cardiomyocytes, as well as the effect of ACh on the rapid component of the delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr). Here, we investigated the effect of ACh on the action potential parameters in human ventricular preparations and on IKr in human induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Using standard microelectrode technique, we demonstrated that ACh (5 µM) significantly increased the action potential duration in human left ventricular myocardial slices. ACh (5 µM) also prolonged repolarization in a human Purkinje fiber and a papillary muscle. Optical mapping revealed that ACh increased the action potential duration in human left ventricular myocardial slices and that the effect was dose-dependent. Perforated patch clamp experiments demonstrated action potential prolongation and a significant decrease in IKr by ACh (5 µM) in hiPSC-CMs. Computer simulations of the electrical activity of a human ventricular cardiomyocyte showed an increase in action potential duration upon implementation of the experimentally observed ACh-induced changes in the fully activated conductance and steady-state activation of IKr. Our findings support the hypothesis that ACh can influence the repolarization in human ventricular cardiomyocytes by at least changes in IKr.
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Affiliation(s)
- István Koncz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; (I.K.); (M.M.); (Z.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6721 Szeged, Hungary; (T.Á.-L.); (T.M.); (N.T.); (N.N.)
| | - Arie O. Verkerk
- Heart Center, Department of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.O.V.); (M.N.)
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Michele Nicastro
- Heart Center, Department of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.O.V.); (M.N.)
| | - Ronald Wilders
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Tamás Árpádffy-Lovas
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6721 Szeged, Hungary; (T.Á.-L.); (T.M.); (N.T.); (N.N.)
| | - Tibor Magyar
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6721 Szeged, Hungary; (T.Á.-L.); (T.M.); (N.T.); (N.N.)
| | - Noémi Tóth
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6721 Szeged, Hungary; (T.Á.-L.); (T.M.); (N.T.); (N.N.)
| | - Norbert Nagy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6721 Szeged, Hungary; (T.Á.-L.); (T.M.); (N.T.); (N.N.)
- ELKH-SZTE Research Group of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 6721 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Micah Madrid
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; (I.K.); (M.M.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zexu Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; (I.K.); (M.M.); (Z.L.)
| | - Igor R. Efimov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; (I.K.); (M.M.); (Z.L.)
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-202-294-8182
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16
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Zefirov TL, Ziyatdinova NI, Kuptsova AM, Zefirov AL. Effect of Clonidine Hydrochloride on Isolated Newborn Rat Heart. Bull Exp Biol Med 2021; 172:121-124. [PMID: 34855077 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-021-05347-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The concentration dependenies of the chronotropic response and changes in blood supply to the isolated heart of 7-day-old newborn rats induced by application of α2-adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine hydrochloride in concentrations of 10-9-10-6 M were revealed. The minimum concentration of α2-adrenergic receptor agonist caused tachycardia, while higher concentrations led to bradycardia. The maximum effect manifesting in a decrease in coronary flow was recorded at the minimum concentration of the agonist, while the highest concentration had no effect on the coronary flow. When comparing these results with those obtained in control adult rats, we found that the most pronounced differences in the chronotropic effects were observed after addition of the minimum concentration of the α2-adrenergic receptor agonist: bradycardia in adult rats and tachycardia in newborns. The maximum differences in coronary flow parameters were observed after addition of α2-adrenergic receptor agonist in the maximum concentration that induced a two-phase response in adult rats and had no effect on the blood supply in newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Zefirov
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia.
| | - N I Ziyatdinova
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
| | - A M Kuptsova
- Department of Human Health Protection, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
| | - A L Zefirov
- Department of Normal Physiology, Kazan State Medical University, Ministry of the Health of the Russian Federation, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
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Zandstra TE, Notenboom RGE, Wink J, Kiès P, Vliegen HW, Egorova AD, Schalij MJ, De Ruiter MC, Jongbloed MRM. Asymmetry and Heterogeneity: Part and Parcel in Cardiac Autonomic Innervation and Function. Front Physiol 2021; 12:665298. [PMID: 34603069 PMCID: PMC8481575 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.665298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiac autonomic nervous system (cANS) regulates cardiac adaptation to different demands. The heart is an asymmetrical organ, and in the selection of adequate treatment of cardiac diseases it may be relevant to take into account that the cANS also has sidedness as well as regional differences in anatomical, functional, and molecular characteristics. The left and right ventricles respond differently to adrenergic stimulation. Isoforms of nitric oxide synthase, which plays an important role in parasympathetic function, are also distributed asymmetrically across the heart. Treatment of cardiac disease heavily relies on affecting left-sided heart targets which are thought to apply to the right ventricle as well. Functional studies of the right ventricle have often been neglected. In addition, many principles have only been investigated in animals and not in humans. Anatomical and functional heterogeneity of the cANS in human tissue or subjects is highly valuable for understanding left- and right-sided cardiac pathology and for identifying novel treatment targets and modalities. Within this perspective, we aim to provide an overview and synthesis of anatomical and functional heterogeneity of the cANS in tissue or subjects, focusing on the human heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjitske E Zandstra
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Robbert G E Notenboom
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Wink
- Department of Anesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Philippine Kiès
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Hubert W Vliegen
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Anastasia D Egorova
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Martin J Schalij
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marco C De Ruiter
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Monique R M Jongbloed
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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18
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Halpert G, Watad A, Tsur AM, Dotan A, Quiros-Lim HE, Heidecke H, Gilburd B, Haik J, Levy Y, Blank M, Amital H, Shoenfeld Y. Autoimmune dysautonomia in women with silicone breast implants. J Autoimmun 2021; 120:102631. [PMID: 33799099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2021.102631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE AND OBJECTIVES There is unmet medical need to understand the pathogenic mechanism of the panoply of clinical manifestations associated with silicone breast implants (SBIs) such as severe fatigue, widespread pain, palpitations, dry mouth and eyes, depression, hearing loss etc. We aimed to determine whether autoantibodies against the autonomic nervous system receptors can explain the enigmatic and subjective clinical manifestation reported by women with SBIs. RESULTS Circulating level of autoantibodies against G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) of the autonomic nervous system (adrenergic, muscarinic, endothelin and angiotensin receptors) have been evaluated in symptomatic women with SBIs using an ELISA method. These women with SBIs addressed our clinic due to various subjective and autonomic-related manifestations such as chronic severe fatigue, cognitive impairment, widespread pain, memory loss, sleep disorders, palpitations, depression, hearing abnormalities etc. We report for the first time, a significant reduction in the sera level of anti-β1 adrenergic receptor (p < 0.001), anti-angiotensin II type 1 receptor (p < 0.001) and anti-endothelin receptor type A (p = 0.001) autoantibodies in women with SBIs (n = 93) as compared with aged matched healthy women (n = 36). Importantly, anti-β1 adrenergic receptor autoantibody was found to significantly correlate with autonomic-related manifestations such as: sleep disorders and depression in women with SBIs. CONCLUSIONS Chronic immune stimulation by silicone material may lead to an autoimmune dysautonomia in a subgroup of potentially genetically susceptible women with SBIs. The appearance of autoantibodies against GPCRs of the autonomic nervous system serve as an explanation for the subjective autonomic-related manifestations reported in women with SBIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilad Halpert
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat- Gan, 52621, Israel; Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Abdulla Watad
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat- Gan, 52621, Israel; Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Medicine 'B' and Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Israel
| | - Avishai M Tsur
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat- Gan, 52621, Israel; Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Israel Defense Forces, Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Department of Military Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Arad Dotan
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat- Gan, 52621, Israel
| | - Hector Enrique Quiros-Lim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. The Chaim Sheba Medical Center at Tel Hashomer. Ramat Gan. Israel
| | | | - Boris Gilburd
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat- Gan, 52621, Israel; Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Josef Haik
- Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. The Chaim Sheba Medical Center at Tel Hashomer. Ramat Gan. Israel; College of Health and Medicine. University of Tasmania, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Institute for Health Research. University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Yair Levy
- Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Medicine E, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Miri Blank
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat- Gan, 52621, Israel; Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Howard Amital
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat- Gan, 52621, Israel; Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Medicine 'B' and Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Israel
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat- Gan, 52621, Israel; Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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19
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Makowska K, Gonkowski S. Changes Caused by Low Doses of Bisphenol A (BPA) in the Neuro-Chemistry of Nerves Located in the Porcine Heart. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030780. [PMID: 33799766 PMCID: PMC7999793 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Bisphenol A (BPA) is a substance commonly used in the plastics industry, which is a part of many everyday items. It may leach from plastics and penetrate food, water, soil and air. It is known that BPA negatively affects living organisms. It impairs the functions of the intestine, neurons, reproductive organs, endocrine glands and immune cells. Previous studies have also reported that BPA negatively influences the cardiovascular system, leading to heart arrhythmia, intensification of atherosclerosis, blood hypertension and increased risk of a heart attack. However, many aspects of the influence of BPA on the heart are still poorly understood. One of these aspects is the BPA impact on heart innervation. Therefore, this article aimed to investigate the influence of low doses of BPA on the number of nerves containing selected active substances taking part in neuronal stimuli conduction located in the porcine heart apex. The results indicate that even relatively low doses of BPA are not neutral to the cardiovascular system, because they affect the neurochemical characterization of nerves in the heart. These changes may underlie the negative effects of BPA on the heart. Abstract Bisphenol A (BPA) contained in plastics used in the production of various everyday objects may leach from these items and contaminate food, water and air. As an endocrine disruptor, BPA negatively affects many internal organs and systems. Exposure to BPA also contributes to heart and cardiovascular system dysfunction, but many aspects connected with this activity remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of BPA in a dose of 0.05 mg/kg body weight/day (in many countries such a dose is regarded as a tolerable daily intake–TDI dose of BPA–completely safe for living organisms) on the neurochemical characterization of nerves located in the heart wall using the immunofluorescence technique. The obtained results indicate that BPA (even in such a relatively low dose) increases the number of nerves immunoreactive to neuropeptide Y, substance P and tyrosine hydroxylase (used here as a marker of sympathetic innervation). However, BPA did not change the number of nerves immunoreactive to vesicular acetylcholine transporter (used here as a marker of cholinergic structures). These observations suggest that changes in the heart innervation may be at the root of BPA-induced circulatory disturbances, as well as arrhythmogenic and/or proinflammatory effects of this endocrine disruptor. Moreover, changes in the neurochemical characterization of nerves in the heart wall may be the first sign of exposure to BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Makowska
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-44895234460
| | - Slawomir Gonkowski
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland;
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Lymperopoulos A, Cora N, Maning J, Brill AR, Sizova A. Signaling and function of cardiac autonomic nervous system receptors: Insights from the GPCR signalling universe. FEBS J 2021; 288:2645-2659. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Lymperopoulos
- Laboratory for the Study of Neurohormonal Control of the Circulation Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale FL USA
| | - Natalie Cora
- Laboratory for the Study of Neurohormonal Control of the Circulation Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale FL USA
| | - Jennifer Maning
- Laboratory for the Study of Neurohormonal Control of the Circulation Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale FL USA
| | - Ava R. Brill
- Laboratory for the Study of Neurohormonal Control of the Circulation Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale FL USA
| | - Anastasiya Sizova
- Laboratory for the Study of Neurohormonal Control of the Circulation Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale FL USA
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21
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Campos-Sánchez JC, Esteban MÁ. Review of inflammation in fish and value of the zebrafish model. J Fish Dis 2021; 44:123-139. [PMID: 33236349 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a crucial step in the development of chronic diseases in humans. Understanding the inflammation environment and its intrinsic mechanisms when it is produced by harmful stimuli may be a key element in the development of human disease diagnosis. In recent decades, zebrafish (Danio rerio) have been widely used in research, due to their exceptional characteristics, as a model of various human diseases. Interestingly, the mediators released during the inflammatory response of both the immune system and nervous system, after its integration in the hypothalamus, could also facilitate the detection of injury through the register of behavioural changes in the fish. Although there are many studies that give well-defined information separately on such elements as the recruitment of cells, the release of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators or the type of neurotransmitters released against different triggers, to the best of our knowledge there are no reviews that put all this knowledge together. In the present review, the main available information on inflammation in zebrafish is presented in order to facilitate knowledge about this important process of innate immunity, as well as the stress responses and behavioural changes derived from it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Carlos Campos-Sánchez
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Esteban
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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22
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Sathnur N, Li JM, Krishnappa D, G Benditt D. Impact of Denervation by Heart Transplantation on Post-operative Atrial Fibrillation Susceptibility. J Atr Fibrillation 2020; 13:2397. [PMID: 33024498 DOI: 10.4022/jafib.2397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation is common following cardiac and non-cardiac thoracic surgery and is associated with poorer outcomes, including: increased risk of stroke, hemodynamic instability, prolonged hospital stay, and increased mortality. Current understanding suggests that post-op atrial fibrillation results from the interplay of local and systemic operative inflammation, increased sympathetic activity, perhaps the release of free radical species in the perioperative period, and the patient's underlying cardiac substrate. Cardiac denervation following orthotopic heart transplant (OHT) using modern bicaval techniques presents a unique opportunity to study the relative contribution of the autonomic nervous system to post-op atrial fibrillation susceptibility. Observational studies show a reduced incidence of post-operative atrial fibrillation following orthotopic heart transplant compared to other cardiac and thoracic surgeries. Moreover, comparison of atrial fibrillation rates with double lung transplant recipients suggests that cardiac denervation has a contribution apart from surgical pulmonary vein isolation alone. This report reviews current concepts of the mechanisms of post-op atrial fibrillation with a focus on the role of the autonomic nervous system, the autonomic regulation of the native heart, and evidence regarding the impact of cardiac denervation following OHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Sathnur
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine
| | - Jian-Ming Li
- Division of Cardiology, VA Medical Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Darshan Krishnappa
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine
| | - David G Benditt
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine
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23
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Halpert G, Amital H, Shoenfeld Y. Comment on: 'Mast cell biology in the context of dysautonomia and neuropathy' by Dr. Nevio Cimolai. Clin Immunol 2020; 215:108446. [PMID: 32339670 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gilad Halpert
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, 52621, Israel; Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Howard Amital
- Department of Medicine 'B', Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Israel; Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, 52621, Israel; Laboratory of the Mosaic of Autoimmunity, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation; Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Jozefczuk E, Guzik TJ, Siedlinski M. Significance of sphingosine-1-phosphate in cardiovascular physiology and pathology. Pharmacol Res 2020; 156:104793. [PMID: 32278039 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a signaling lipid, synthetized by sphingosine kinases (SPHK1 and SPHK2), that affects cardiovascular function in various ways. S1P signaling is complex, particularly since its molecular action is reliant on the differential expression of its receptors (S1PR1, S1PR2, S1PR3, S1PR4, S1PR5) within various tissues. Significance of this sphingolipid is manifested early in vertebrate development as certain defects in S1P signaling result in embryonic lethality due to defective vasculo- or cardiogenesis. Similar in the mature organism, S1P orchestrates both physiological and pathological processes occurring in the heart and vasculature of higher eukaryotes. S1P regulates cell fate, vascular tone, endothelial function and integrity as well as lymphocyte trafficking, thus disbalance in its production and signaling has been linked with development of such pathologies as arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction and aberrant angiogenesis. Number of signaling mechanisms are critical - from endothelial nitric oxide synthase through STAT3, MAPK and Akt pathways to HDL particles involved in redox and inflammatory balance. Moreover, S1P controls both acute cardiac responses (cardiac inotropy and chronotropy), as well as chronic processes (such as apoptosis and hypertrophy), hence numerous studies demonstrate significance of S1P in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic/fibrotic heart disease, myocardial infarction and heart failure. This review presents current knowledge concerning the role of S1P in the cardiovascular system, as well as potential therapeutic approaches to target S1P signaling in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jozefczuk
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - T J Guzik
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Siedlinski
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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25
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Halpert G, Amital H, Shoenfeld Y. Dysregulation of G protein-coupled receptors of the autonomic nervous system, adrenergic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, in patients with autoimmune dysautonomic-related disorders. Brain Behav Immun Health 2020; 4:100056. [PMID: 34589842 PMCID: PMC8474541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gilad Halpert
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat- Gan, 52621, Israel.,Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Howard Amital
- Department of Medicine 'B' and Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Israel.,Affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Laboratory of the Mosaic of Autoimmunity, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
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26
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Zhao L, Chen T, Hang P, Li W, Guo J, Pan Y, Du J, Zheng Y, Du Z. Choline Attenuates Cardiac Fibrosis by Inhibiting p38MAPK Signaling Possibly by Acting on M 3 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1386. [PMID: 31849653 PMCID: PMC6900736 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Choline has been reported to produce a variety of cellular functions including cardioprotection via activating M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3R) under various insults. However, whether choline offers similar beneficial effects via the same mechanism in cardiac fibrosis remained unexplored. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of choline on cardiac fibrosis and the underlying signaling mechanisms, particularly the possible involvement of M3R. Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mouse model was established to simulate the cardiac fibrosis. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 treatment was employed to induce proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts in vitro. Choline chloride and M3R antagonist 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine methiodide (4-DAMP) were used to unravel the potential role of M3R. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography and interstitial fibrosis was quantified by Masson staining. Protein levels of collagens I and III were determined by Western blot analysis. The role of M3R in the proliferation cardiac fibroblasts was validated by silencing M3R with specific small interference RNA (siRNA). Furthermore, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway including p38MAPK and ERK1/2 as well as the TGF-β1/Smad pathway were analyzed. M3R protein was found abundantly in cardiac fibroblasts. M3R protein level, as identified by Western blotting, was higher in mice with excessive cardiac fibrosis and in TGF-β1-induced cardiac fibrosis as well. Choline significantly inhibited interstitial fibrosis, and this beneficial action was reversed by 4-DAMP. Production of collagens I and III was reduced after choline treatment but restored by 4-DAMP. Expression silence of endogenous M3R using siRNA increased the level of collagen I. Furthermore, the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 and the p38MAPK pathways were both suppressed by choline. In summary, choline produced an anti-fibrotic effect both in vivo and in vitro by regulating the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 and p38MAPK pathways. These findings unraveled a novel pharmacological property of choline linked to M3R, suggesting that choline regulates cardiac fibrosis and the associated heart diseases possibly by acting on M3R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Zhao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Pengzhou Hang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wen Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Pan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingjing Du
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuyang Zheng
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhimin Du
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
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27
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Kokoz YM, Evdokimovskii EV, Maltsev AV. Upregulation of α2-adrenoceptor synthesis in SHR cardiomyocytes: Recompense without sense – Increased amounts, impaired commands. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 674:108109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.108109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Feng J, Zhang C, Lischinsky JE, Jing M, Zhou J, Wang H, Zhang Y, Dong A, Wu Z, Wu H, Chen W, Zhang P, Zou J, Hires SA, Zhu JJ, Cui G, Lin D, Du J, Li Y. A Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Sensor for Rapid and Specific In Vivo Detection of Norepinephrine. Neuron 2019; 102:745-761.e8. [PMID: 30922875 PMCID: PMC6533151 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Norepinephrine (NE) is a key biogenic monoamine neurotransmitter involved in a wide range of physiological processes. However, its precise dynamics and regulation remain poorly characterized, in part due to limitations of available techniques for measuring NE in vivo. Here, we developed a family of GPCR activation-based NE (GRABNE) sensors with a 230% peak ΔF/F0 response to NE, good photostability, nanomolar-to-micromolar sensitivities, sub-second kinetics, and high specificity. Viral- or transgenic-mediated expression of GRABNE sensors was able to detect electrical-stimulation-evoked NE release in the locus coeruleus (LC) of mouse brain slices, looming-evoked NE release in the midbrain of live zebrafish, as well as optogenetically and behaviorally triggered NE release in the LC and hypothalamus of freely moving mice. Thus, GRABNE sensors are robust tools for rapid and specific monitoring of in vivo NE transmission in both physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiesi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Changmei Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Julieta E Lischinsky
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Miao Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jingheng Zhou
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yajun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Ao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhaofa Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Weiyu Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jing Zou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Neurobiology Section, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - S Andrew Hires
- Department of Biological Sciences, Neurobiology Section, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - J Julius Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Guohong Cui
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Dayu Lin
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jiulin Du
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China.
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29
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Riefolo F, Matera C, Garrido-Charles A, Gomila AMJ, Sortino R, Agnetta L, Claro E, Masgrau R, Holzgrabe U, Batlle M, Decker M, Guasch E, Gorostiza P. Optical Control of Cardiac Function with a Photoswitchable Muscarinic Agonist. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:7628-7636. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Riefolo
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Carrer de Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlo Matera
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Carrer de Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aida Garrido-Charles
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Carrer de Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandre M. J. Gomila
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Carrer de Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosalba Sortino
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Carrer de Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luca Agnetta
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Enrique Claro
- Institut de Neurociències (INc), and Dept. Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Masgrau
- Institut de Neurociències (INc), and Dept. Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ulrike Holzgrabe
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Montserrat Batlle
- Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona (UB), IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eduard Guasch
- Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona (UB), IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center in Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBER-CV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pau Gorostiza
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Carrer de Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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30
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Abraham G, Hoffmann S, Hochheim I, Pees M. Distribution and properties of cardiac and pulmonary β-adrenergic receptors in corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus) and Boa constrictor (Boa constrictor). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019; 233:17-23. [PMID: 30930202 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to characterize β-adrenergic receptors in the snake heart and lung of corn and Boa constrictor snakes. The β-adrenergic receptor binding sites were studied in purified heart and lung membranes using the specific β-adrenergic receptor antagonist [125J]-iodocyanopindolol (ICYP) and subtypes using selective β1-adrenergic receptor antagonist CGP-20712A and selective β2-adrenergic receptor antagonist ICI-118.551. A saturable and specific β-adrenergic receptor binding site was detected in cardiac membranes with maximal receptor density (Bmax) of 43.99 ± 3.86 fmol/mg protein (corn snake) and 58.07 ± 2.88 fmol/mg protein (Boa constrictor) as well as KD of 24.21 ± 7.38 pM (corn snake) and 21.48 ± 3.85 pM (Boa constrictor) and in lung membranes (Bmax fmol/mg protein: 55.95 ± 16.28 (corn snake) and 107.00 ± 14.21 (Boa constrictor); KD pM: 71.25 ± 21.92 (corn snake) and 55.04 ± 18.68 (Boa constrictor)). Competition-binding studies showed β-adrenergic receptors with low affinities to the β2-selective adrenergic receptor antagonist and high affinity binding to β1-selective adrenergic receptor antagonist in both heart and lung tissues of both snake species, suggesting the presence of high population of the post-synaptic β1-adrenergic receptor subtype. It seems that the presence of the predominant β1-subtype also in lung tissues may indicate the importance of the vascular system in the snake lung.
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31
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Wang MT, Lai JH, Tsai CL, Liou JT. Risk of adverse cardiovascular events with use of inhaled long-acting bronchodilators in management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:657-670. [PMID: 31324282 PMCID: PMC9307027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhaled long-acting bronchodilators, including long-acting β2 agonists (LABAs) and long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) are the mainstay therapy in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a disease that poses a heavy burden on morbidity and mortality worldwide. Use of LABAs and LAMAs in patients with COPD, however, has been concerned about an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events, despite inconsistent findings reported from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies. In this review, we detailed the relevant evidence generated from RCTs and observational studies with respect to the risk of cardiovascular disease with use of LABAs and LAMAs in management of COPD, and analyzed the contradictory findings in the literature, as well as recommended future research directions to clear the air regarding the cardiovascular safety of inhaled long-acting bronchodilators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ting Wang
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jyun-Heng Lai
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Liang Tsai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jun-Ting Liou
- Division of Cardiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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32
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Lang D, Glukhov AV. Functional Microdomains in Heart's Pacemaker: A Step Beyond Classical Electrophysiology and Remodeling. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1686. [PMID: 30538641 PMCID: PMC6277479 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous beating of the sinoatrial node (SAN), the primary pacemaker of the heart, is initiated, sustained, and regulated by a complex system that integrates ion channels and transporters on the cell membrane surface (often referred to as "membrane clock") with subcellular calcium handling machinery (by parity of reasoning referred to as an intracellular "Ca2+ clock"). Stable, rhythmic beating of the SAN is ensured by a rigorous synchronization between these two clocks highlighted in the coupled-clock system concept of SAN timekeeping. The emerging results demonstrate that such synchronization of the complex pacemaking machinery at the cellular level depends on tightly regulated spatiotemporal signals which are restricted to precise sub-cellular microdomains and associated with discrete clusters of different ion channels, transporters, and regulatory receptors. It has recently become evident that within the microdomains, various proteins form an interacting network and work together as a part of a macromolecular signaling complex. These protein-protein interactions are tightly controlled and regulated by a variety of neurohormonal signaling pathways and the diversity of cellular responses achieved with a limited pool of second messengers is made possible through the organization of essential signal components in particular microdomains. In this review, we highlight the emerging understanding of the functionality of distinct subcellular microdomains in SAN myocytes and their functional role in the accumulation and neurohormonal regulation of proteins involved in cardiac pacemaking. We also demonstrate how changes in scaffolding proteins may lead to microdomain-targeted remodeling and regulation of pacemaker proteins contributing to SAN dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Lang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Alexey V Glukhov
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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33
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Bento L, Fonseca-Pinto R, Póvoa P. Autonomic nervous system monitoring in intensive care as a prognostic tool. Systematic review. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva 2018; 29:481-489. [PMID: 29340538 PMCID: PMC5764561 DOI: 10.5935/0103-507x.20170072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To present a systematic review of the use of autonomic nervous system
monitoring as a prognostic tool in intensive care units by assessing heart
rate variability. Methods Literature review of studies published until July 2016 listed in
PubMed/Medline and conducted in intensive care units, on autonomic nervous
system monitoring, via analysis of heart rate variability as a prognostic
tool (mortality study). The following English terms were entered in the
search field: ("autonomic nervous system" OR "heart rate variability") AND
("intensive care" OR "critical care" OR "emergency care" OR "ICU") AND
("prognosis" OR "prognoses" OR "mortality"). Results There was an increased likelihood of death in patients who had a decrease in
heart rate variability as analyzed via heart rate variance, cardiac
uncoupling, heart rate volatility, integer heart rate variability, standard
deviation of NN intervals, root mean square of successive differences, total
power, low frequency, very low frequency, low frequency/high frequency
ratio, ratio of short-term to long-term fractal exponents, Shannon entropy,
multiscale entropy and approximate entropy. Conclusion In patients admitted to intensive care units, regardless of the pathology,
heart rate variability varies inversely with clinical severity and
prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Bento
- Unidade de Urgência Médica, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, EPE - Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rui Fonseca-Pinto
- Instituto Politécnico de Leiria - Leiria, Portugal.,Instituto de Telecomunicações, MSP - Leiria, Portugal
| | - Pedro Póvoa
- Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Polivalente, Hospital São Francisco Xavier - Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental - Lisboa, Portugal.,NOVA Medical School, CEDOC, Universidade Nova de Lisboa - Lisboa, Portugal
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34
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Lakin R, Guzman C, Izaddoustdar F, Polidovitch N, Goodman JM, Backx PH. Changes in Heart Rate and Its Regulation by the Autonomic Nervous System Do Not Differ Between Forced and Voluntary Exercise in Mice. Front Physiol 2018; 9:841. [PMID: 30061838 PMCID: PMC6055008 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Most exercise studies in mice have relied on forced training which can introduce psychological stress. Consequently, the utility of mouse models for understanding exercise-mediated effects in humans, particularly autonomic nervous system (ANS) remodeling, have been challenged. We compared the effects of voluntary free-wheel running vs. non-voluntary swimming on heart function in mice with a focus on the regulation of heart rate (HR) by the ANS. Under conditions where the total excess O2 consumption associated with exercise was comparable, the two exercise models led to similar improvements in ventricular function as well as comparable reductions in HR and its control by parasympathetic nervous activity (PNA) and sympathetic nervous activity (SNA), compared to sedentary mice. Both exercise models also increased HR variability (HRV) by similar amounts, independent of HR reductions. In all mice, HRV depended primarily on PNA, with SNA weakly affecting HRV at low frequencies. The differences in both HR and HRV between exercised vs. sedentary mice were eliminated by autonomic blockade, consistent with the similar intrinsic beating rates observed in atria isolated from exercised vs. sedentary mice. In conclusion, both forced and voluntary exercise induce comparable ventricular physiological remodeling as well as HR reductions and HR-independent enhancements of HRV which were both primarily dependent on increased PNA. New and noteworthy -No previous mouse studies have compared the effects of forced and voluntary exercise on the heart function and its modulation by the autonomic nervous system (ANS).-Both voluntary free-wheel running and forced swimming induced similar improvements in ventricular contractile function, reductions in heart rate (HR) and enhancements of HR variability (HRV).-HR regulation in exercised mice was linked to increased parasympathetic nerve activity and reduced sympathetic nerve activity.- HRV was independent of HR and depended primarily on PNA in both exercised and sedentary mice.- Complete cardiac autonomic blockade eliminated differences in both HR and HRV between exercised and sedentary mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Lakin
- Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Camilo Guzman
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Farzad Izaddoustdar
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nazari Polidovitch
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jack M Goodman
- Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter H Backx
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Skibsbye L, Bengaard AK, Uldum-Nielsen AM, Boddum K, Christ T, Jespersen T. Inhibition of Small Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium (SK) Channels Prevents Arrhythmias in Rat Atria During β-Adrenergic and Muscarinic Receptor Activation. Front Physiol 2018; 9:510. [PMID: 29922167 PMCID: PMC5996028 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sympathetic and vagal activation is linked to atrial arrhythmogenesis. Here we investigated the small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK)-channel pore-blocker N-(pyridin-2-yl)-4-(pyridine-2-yl)thiazol-2-amine (ICA) on action potential (AP) and atrial fibrillation (AF) parameters in isolated rat atria during β-adrenergic [isoprenaline (ISO)] and muscarinic M2 [carbachol (CCh)] activation. Furthermore, antiarrhythmic efficacy of ICA was benchmarked toward the class-IC antiarrhythmic drug flecainide (Fleca). ISO increased the spontaneous beating frequency but did not affect other AP parameters. As expected, CCh hyperpolarized resting membrane potential (-6.2 ± 0.9 mV), shortened APD90 (24.2 ± 1.6 vs. 17.7 ± 1.1 ms), and effective refractory period (ERP; 20.0 ± 1.3 vs. 15.8 ± 1.3 ms). The duration of burst pacing triggered AF was unchanged in the presence of CCh compared to control atria (12.8 ± 5.3 vs. 11.2 ± 3.6 s), while β-adrenergic activation resulted in shorter AF durations (3.3 ± 1.7 s) and lower AF-frequency compared to CCh. Treatment with ICA (10 μM) in ISO -stimulated atria prolonged APD90 and ERP, while the AF burden was reduced (7.1 ± 5.5 vs. 0.1 ± 0.1 s). In CCh-stimulated atria, ICA treatment also resulted in APD90 and ERP prolongation and shorter AF durations. Fleca treatment in CCh-stimulated atria prolonged APD90 and ERP and abbreviated the AF duration to a similar extent as with ICA. Muscarinic activated atria constitutes a more arrhythmogenic substrate than β-adrenoceptor activated atria. Pharmacological inhibition of SK channels by ICA is effective under both conditions and equally efficacious to Fleca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Skibsbye
- Cardiac Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne K Bengaard
- Cardiac Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A M Uldum-Nielsen
- Cardiac Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim Boddum
- Cardiac Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torsten Christ
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, DZHK: German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Jespersen
- Cardiac Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Williams AM, Shave RE, Coulson JM, White H, Rosser-Stanford B, Eves ND. Influence of vagal control on sex-related differences in left ventricular mechanics and hemodynamics. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 315:H687-H698. [PMID: 29856652 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00733.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Left ventricular (LV) twist mechanics differ between men and women during acute physiological stress, which may be partly mediated by sex differences in autonomic control. While men appear to have greater adrenergic control of LV twist, the potential contribution of vagal modulation to sex differences in LV twist remains unknown. Therefore, the present study examined the role of vagal control on sex differences in LV twist during graded lower body negative pressure (LBNP) and supine cycling. On two separate visits, LV mechanics were assessed using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography in 18 men (22 ± 2 yr) and 17 women (21 ± 4 yr) during -40- and -60-mmHg LBNP and 25% and 50% of peak supine cycling workload with and without glycopyrrolate (vagal blockade). LV twist was not different at baseline but was greater in women during -60 mmHg in both control (women: 16.0 ± 3.4° and men: 12.9 ± 2.3°, P = 0.004) and glycopyrrolate trials (women: 17.7 ± 5.9° and men: 13.9 ± 3.3°, P < 0.001) due to greater apical rotation during control (women: 11.9 ± 3.6° and men: 7.8 ± 1.5°, P < 0.001) and glycopyrrolate (women: 11.6 ± 4.9° and men: 7.1 ± 3.6°, P = 0.009). These sex differences in LV twist consistently coincided with a greater LV sphericity index (i.e., ellipsoid geometry) in women compared with men. In contrast, LV twist did not differ between the sexes during exercise with or without glycopyrrolate. In conclusion, women have augmented LV twist compared with men during large reductions to preload, even during vagal blockade. As such, differences in vagal control do not appear to contribute to sex differences in the LV twist responses to physiological stress, but they may be related to differences in ventricular geometry. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to specifically examine the role of vagal autonomic control on sex-related differences in left ventricular (LV) mechanics. Contrary to our hypothesis, vagal control does not appear to primarily determine sex differences in LV mechanical or hemodynamic responses to acute physiological stress. Instead, differences in LV geometry may be a more important contributor to sex differences in LV mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Williams
- Centre for Heart, Lung, and Vascular Health, University of British Columbia , Kelowna, British Columbia , Canada
| | - Rob E Shave
- Cardiff School of Sport, Cardiff Metropolitan University , Cardiff , United Kingdom
| | - James M Coulson
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University , Cardiff , United Kingdom
| | - Harriet White
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University , Cardiff , United Kingdom
| | - Bryn Rosser-Stanford
- Cardiff School of Sport, Cardiff Metropolitan University , Cardiff , United Kingdom
| | - Neil D Eves
- Centre for Heart, Lung, and Vascular Health, University of British Columbia , Kelowna, British Columbia , Canada
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Cook RF, Bussey CT, Mellor KM, Cragg PA, Lamberts RR. β1-Adrenoceptor, but not β2-adrenoceptor, subtype regulates heart rate in type 2 diabetic ratsin vivo. Exp Physiol 2017; 102:911-923. [DOI: 10.1113/ep086293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalind F. Cook
- Department of Physiology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, HeartOtago; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Carol T. Bussey
- Department of Physiology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, HeartOtago; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Kimberley M. Mellor
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
| | - Patricia A. Cragg
- Department of Physiology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, HeartOtago; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Regis R. Lamberts
- Department of Physiology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, HeartOtago; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
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Mavropoulos SA, Khan NS, Levy ACJ, Faliks BT, Sison CP, Pavlov VA, Zhang Y, Ojamaa K. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated protection of the rat heart exposed to ischemia reperfusion. Mol Med 2017; 23:120-133. [PMID: 28598489 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2017.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reperfusion injury following acute myocardial infarction is associated with significant morbidity. Activation of neuronal or non-neuronal cholinergic pathways in the heart has been shown to reduce ischemic injury and this effect has been attributed primarily to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. In contrast, the role of nicotinic receptors, specifically alpha-7 subtype (α7nAChR) in the myocardium remains unknown which offers an opportunity to potentially repurpose several agonists/modulators that are currently under development for neurologic indications. Treatment of ex vivo and in vivo rat models of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) with a selective α7nAChR agonist (GTS21) showed significant increases in left ventricular developing pressure, and rates of pressure development without effects on heart rate. These positive functional effects were blocked by co-administration with methyllycaconatine (MLA), a selective antagonist of α7nAChRs. In vivo, delivery of GTS21 at the initiation of reperfusion, reduced infarct size by 42% (p<0.01) and decreased tissue reactive oxygen species (ROS) by 62% (p<0.01). Flow cytometry of MitoTracker Red stained mitochondria showed that mitochondrial membrane potential was normalized in mitochondria isolated from GTS21 treated compared to untreated I/R hearts. Intracellular ATP concentration in cultured cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation was reduced (p<0.001), but significantly increased to normoxic levels with GTS21 treatment, and this was abrogated by MLA pretreatment. Activation of stress-activated kinases, JNK and p38MAPK, were significantly reduced by GTS21 in I/R. We conclude that targeting myocardial 17nAChRs in I/R may provide therapeutic benefit by improving cardiac contractile function through a mechanism that preserves mitochondrial membrane potential, maintains intracellular ATP and reduces ROS generation, thus limiting infarct size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyros A Mavropoulos
- Center for Heart and Lung Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY.,Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine at Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY
| | - Nayaab S Khan
- Center for Heart and Lung Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY
| | - Asaph C J Levy
- Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine at Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY
| | - Bradley T Faliks
- Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine at Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY
| | - Cristina P Sison
- Biostatistics Unit, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research at Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY
| | - Valentin A Pavlov
- Biostatistics Unit, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research at Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY.,Laboratory for Biomedical Sciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research at Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY
| | - Youhua Zhang
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, USA
| | - Kaie Ojamaa
- Center for Heart and Lung Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY.,Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine at Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY.,Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, USA
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Soukup O, Winder M, Killi UK, Wsol V, Jun D, Kuca K, Tobin G. Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors and Drugs Acting on Muscarinic Receptors- Potential Crosstalk of Cholinergic Mechanisms During Pharmacological Treatment. Curr Neuropharmacol 2017; 15:637-653. [PMID: 27281175 PMCID: PMC5543679 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666160607212615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmaceuticals with targets in the cholinergic transmission have been used for decades and are still fundamental treatments in many diseases and conditions today. Both the transmission and the effects of the somatomotoric and the parasympathetic nervous systems may be targeted by such treatments. Irrespective of the knowledge that the effects of neuronal signalling in the nervous systems may include a number of different receptor subtypes of both the nicotinic and the muscarinic receptors, this complexity is generally overlooked when assessing the mechanisms of action of pharmaceuticals. METHODS We have search of bibliographic databases for peer-reviewed research literature focused on the cholinergic system. Also, we have taken advantage of our expertise in this field to deduce the conclusions of this study. RESULTS Presently, the life cycle of acetylcholine, muscarinic receptors and their effects are reviewed in the major organ systems of the body. Neuronal and non-neuronal sources of acetylcholine are elucidated. Examples of pharmaceuticals, in particular cholinesterase inhibitors, affecting these systems are discussed. The review focuses on salivary glands, the respiratory tract and the lower urinary tract, since the complexity of the interplay of different muscarinic receptor subtypes is of significance for physiological, pharmacological and toxicological effects in these organs. CONCLUSION Most pharmaceuticals targeting muscarinic receptors are employed at such large doses that no selectivity can be expected. However, some differences in the adverse effect profile of muscarinic antagonists may still be explained by the variation of expression of muscarinic receptor subtypes in different organs. However, a complex pattern of interactions between muscarinic receptor subtypes occurs and needs to be considered when searching for selective pharmaceuticals. In the development of new entities for the treatment of for instance pesticide intoxication, the muscarinic receptor selectivity needs to be considered. Reactivators generally have a muscarinic M2 receptor acting profile. Such a blockade may engrave the situation since it may enlarge the effect of the muscarinic M3 receptor effect. This may explain why respiratory arrest is the major cause for deaths by esterase blocking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Soukup
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Winder
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Pharmacology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Uday Kumar Killi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Wsol
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jun
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Gunnar Tobin
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Pharmacology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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41
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Ng GA. Neuro-cardiac interaction in malignant ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. Auton Neurosci 2016; 199:66-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Pickard JMJ, Davidson SM, Hausenloy DJ, Yellon DM. Co-dependence of the neural and humoral pathways in the mechanism of remote ischemic conditioning. Basic Res Cardiol 2016; 111:50. [PMID: 27338249 PMCID: PMC4919370 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-016-0568-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The cardioprotection afforded by remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC) is mediated via a complex mechanism involving sensory afferent nerves, the vagus nerve, and release of a humoral blood-borne factor. However, it is unknown whether release of the protective factor depends on vagal activation or occurs independently. This study aimed to evaluate the co-dependence of the neural and humoral pathways of RIC, focussing on the vagus nerve and intrinsic cardiac ganglia. In the first study, anesthetised rats received bilateral cervical vagotomy or sham-surgery immediately prior to RIC (4 × 5 min limb ischemia–reperfusion) or sham-RIC. Venous blood plasma was dialysed across a 12–14 kDa membrane and dialysate perfused through a naïve-isolated rat heart prior to 35-min left anterior descending ischemia and 60-min reperfusion. In the second study, anesthetised rats received RIC (4 × 5-min limb ischemia–reperfusion) or control (sham-RIC). Dialysate was prepared and perfused through a naïve-isolated rat heart in the presence of the ganglionic blocker hexamethonium or muscarinic antagonist atropine, prior to ischemia–reperfusion as above. Dialysate collected from RIC-treated rats reduced infarct size in naïve rat hearts from 40.7 ± 6.3 to 23.7 ± 3.1 %, p < 0.05. Following bilateral cervical vagotomy, the protection of RIC dialysate was abrogated (42.2 ± 3.2 %, p < 0.05 vs RIC dialysate). In the second study, the administration of 50-μM hexamethonium (45.8 ± 2.5 %) or 100-nM atropine (36.5 ± 3.4 %) abrogated the dialysate-mediated protection. Release of a protective factor following RIC is dependent on prior activation of the vagus nerve. In addition, this factor appears to induce cardioprotection via recruitment of intrinsic cardiac ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack M J Pickard
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Derek M Yellon
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK.
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Hoffmann S, Böhme J, Kube C, Haufe J, Krautwald-Junghanns ME, Abraham G. Differential regulation of the β-adrenoceptor density and cyclic AMP level with age and sex in turkey cardiac chambers. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 777:88-95. [PMID: 26957056 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Decreased responses of the heart to β-adrenoceptor stimulation with aging have been shown to occur merely in selected heart chambers in relation to increased catecholamine levels. However, there are no systematic studies that investigate all cardiac chambers with regard to receptor density and cAMP (adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate) responses. We used meat-type turkey poults (British United Turkey (B.U.T.) Big 6) with increasing age because their heart seems to decrease in weight in relation to body weight and they are often used as an animal model for heart failure. The receptor density and distribution were quantified by radioligand binding analysis using (-)-[(125)I]-iodocyanopindolol and β-adrenoceptor subtype-specific antagonists (ICI 118.551 and CGP 20712 A) in membranes of four cardiac chambers (right and left atria and ventricles) of 6-week-, 12-week-, 16/21-week-, and 57-week-old B.U.T. BIG 6 turkeys. Receptor function was determined by measuring basal and stimulated cAMP production. In both sexes, the β-adrenoceptor density decreased significantly in all chambers with age without altered β-adrenoceptor subtype distribution. The receptor affinity (KD) to the radioligand was similar in hearts of all age groups. β-adrenoceptor-(isoproterenol and guanosine 5'-triphosphate), G-protein-(NaF) and catalytic unit of adenylate cyclase (forskolin, Mn(2+)) mediated cAMP responses were not chamber-dependent. Indeed, the cAMP level was significantly lower in 57-week-old hearts than in 6-week-, 12-week-, 16/21-week-old hearts. These data suggest that with increasing age and body weight, the β-adrenoceptor signal transduction pathway was highly blunted in all cardiac chambers, occurring by decreased receptor density and cAMP responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Hoffmann
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, d-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia Böhme
- Clinic for Birds and Reptiles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, d-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Kube
- Clinic for Birds and Reptiles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, d-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jörg Haufe
- GLU mbH, Rosa-Luxemburg-Damm 1, 15366 Neuenhagen, Germany
| | | | - Getu Abraham
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, d-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Eikemo H, Moltzau LR, Hussain RI, Nguyen CH, Qvigstad E, Levy FO, Skomedal T, Osnes JB. CaMKII in addition to MLCK contributes to phosphorylation of regulatory light chain in cardiomyocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 471:219-25. [PMID: 26809094 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.01.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to identify kinase activities involved in the phosphorylation of regulatory light chain (RLC) in situ in cardiomyocytes. In electrically stimulated rat cardiomyocytes, phosphatase inhibition by calyculin A unmasked kinase activities evoking an increase of phosphorylated RLC (P-RLC) from about 16% to about 80% after 80 min. The phosphorylation rate in cardiomyocytes was reduced by about 40% by the myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) inhibitor, ML-7. In rat ventricular muscle strips, calyculin A induced a positive inotropic effect that correlated with P-RLC levels. The inotropic effect and P-RLC elevation were abolished by ML-7 treatment. The kinase activities phosphorylating RLC in cardiomyocytes were reduced by about 60% by the non-selective kinase inhibitor staurosporine and by about 50% by the calmodulin antagonist W7. W7 eliminated the inhibitory effect of ML-7, suggesting that the cardiac MLCK is Ca(2+)/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent. The CaM-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) inhibitor KN-93 attenuated the calyculin A-induced RLC phosphorylation by about 40%, indicating a contribution from CaMKII. The residual phosphorylation in the presence of W7 indicated that also CaM-independent kinase activities might contribute. RLC phosphorylation was insensitive to protein kinase C inhibition. In conclusion, in addition to MLCK, CaMKII phosphorylates RLC in cardiomyocytes. Involvement of other kinases cannot be excluded.
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Hoshi RA, Vanderlei LCM, de Godoy MF, Bastos FDN, Netto J, Pastre CM. Temporal sequence of recovery-related events following maximal exercise assessed by heart rate variability and blood lactate concentration. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2016; 37:536-543. [DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosangela Akemi Hoshi
- FAMERP - Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto; Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Departament; Transdisciplinary Nucleus of Studies on Complexity and Chaos (NUTECC); São José do Rio Preto São Paulo Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista; campus of Presidente Prudente; Physical Therapy Departament; Presidente Pudente; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Moacir Fernandes de Godoy
- FAMERP - Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto; Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Departament; Transdisciplinary Nucleus of Studies on Complexity and Chaos (NUTECC); São José do Rio Preto São Paulo Brazil
| | - Fábio do Nascimento Bastos
- UENP - Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Physical Therapy Department, Jacarezinho; Paraná Brazil
| | - Jayme Netto
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista; campus of Presidente Prudente; Physical Therapy Departament; Presidente Pudente; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Carlos Marcelo Pastre
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista; campus of Presidente Prudente; Physical Therapy Departament; Presidente Pudente; São Paulo Brazil
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Kong D, Cheng L, Dong L, Pan C, Yao H, Zhou D, Shu X. Three-Dimensional Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Right Ventricular Global and Regional Systolic Function in Patients with Atrial Septal Defect before and after Percutaneous Closure. Echocardiography 2015; 33:596-605. [PMID: 26669805 DOI: 10.1111/echo.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dehong Kong
- Department of Echocardiography; Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging; Shanghai China
| | - Leilei Cheng
- Department of Echocardiography; Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging; Shanghai China
| | - Lili Dong
- Department of Echocardiography; Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging; Shanghai China
| | - Cuizhen Pan
- Department of Echocardiography; Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging; Shanghai China
| | - Haohua Yao
- Department of Echocardiography; Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging; Shanghai China
| | - Daxin Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases; Shanghai China
| | - Xianhong Shu
- Department of Echocardiography; Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging; Shanghai China
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47
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Moustapha ME, Motaleb MA, Sanad MH. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 99mTc-labetalol for β1-adrenoceptor-mediated cardiac imaging. J Radioanal Nucl Chem. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-4622-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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48
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Bartus RT, Bétourné A, Basile A, Peterson BL, Glass J, Boulis NM. β2-Adrenoceptor agonists as novel, safe and potentially effective therapies for Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Neurobiol Dis 2015; 85:11-24. [PMID: 26459114 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a chronic and progressive neuromuscular disease for which no cure exists and better treatment options are desperately needed. We hypothesize that currently approved β2-adrenoceptor agonists may effectively treat the symptoms and possibly slow the progression of ALS. Although β2-agonists are primarily used to treat asthma, pharmacologic data from animal models of neuromuscular diseases suggest that these agents may have pharmacologic effects of benefit in treating ALS. These include inhibiting protein degradation, stimulating protein synthesis, inducing neurotrophic factor synthesis and release, positively modulating microglial and systemic immune function, maintaining the structural and functional integrity of motor endplates, and improving energy metabolism. Moreover, stimulation of β2-adrenoceptors can activate a range of downstream signaling events in many different cell types that could account for the diverse array of effects of these agents. The evidence supporting the possible therapeutic benefits of β2-agonists is briefly reviewed, followed by a more detailed review of clinical trials testing the efficacy of β-agonists in a variety of human neuromuscular maladies. The weight of evidence of the potential benefits from treating these diseases supports the hypothesis that β2-agonists may be efficacious in ALS. Finally, ways to monitor and manage the side effects that may arise with chronic administration of β2-agonists are evaluated. In sum, effective, safe and orally-active β2-agonists may provide a novel and convenient means to reduce the symptoms of ALS and possibly delay disease progression, affording a unique opportunity to repurpose these approved drugs for treating ALS, and rapidly transforming the management of this serious, unmet medical need.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jonathan Glass
- Dept Neurology and Emory ALS Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Nicholas M Boulis
- Dept Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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49
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Siniorakis E, Arvanitakis S, Tzevelekos P, Panta S, Zampelis C, Aivalioti F, Rentoukas E. Hypertensive heart disease and bronchodilators: Potential left ventricular outflow obstruction. Int J Cardiol 2015; 196:123-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.04.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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50
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Roy A, Guatimosim S, Prado VF, Gros R, Prado MAM. Cholinergic activity as a new target in diseases of the heart. Mol Med 2015; 20:527-37. [PMID: 25222914 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2014.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The autonomic nervous system is an important modulator of cardiac signaling in both health and disease. In fact, the significance of altered parasympathetic tone in cardiac disease has recently come to the forefront. Both neuronal and nonneuronal cholinergic signaling likely play a physiological role, since modulating acetylcholine (ACh) signaling from neurons or cardiomyocytes appears to have significant consequences in both health and disease. Notably, many of these effects are solely due to changes in cholinergic signaling, without altered sympathetic drive, which is known to have significant adverse effects in disease states. As such, it is likely that enhanced ACh-mediated signaling not only has direct positive effects on cardiomyocytes, but it also offsets the negative effects of hyperadrenergic tone. In this review, we discuss recent studies that implicate ACh as a major regulator of cardiac remodeling and provide support for the notion that enhancing cholinergic signaling in human patients with cardiac disease can reduce morbidity and mortality. These recent results support the idea of developing large clinical trials of strategies to increase cholinergic tone, either by stimulating the vagus or by increased availability of Ach, in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashbeel Roy
- Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Silvia Guatimosim
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vania F Prado
- Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Gros
- Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marco A M Prado
- Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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