1
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Three dimensional reconstruction of the mouse cerebellum in Hedgehog-driven medulloblastoma models to identify Norrin-dependent effects on preneoplasia. Commun Biol 2022; 5:569. [PMID: 35680976 PMCID: PMC9184598 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03507-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSpontaneous mouse models of medulloblastoma (MB) offer a tractable system to study malignant progression in the brain. Mouse Sonic Hedgehog (Shh)-MB tumours first appear at postnatal stages as preneoplastic changes on the surface of the cerebellum, the external granule layer (EGL). Here we compared traditional histology and 3DISCO tissue clearing in combination with light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) to identify and quantify preneoplastic changes induced by disrupting stromal Norrin/Frizzled 4 (Fzd4) signalling, a potent tumour inhibitory signal in two mouse models of spontaneous Shh-MB. We show that 3DISCO-LSFM is as accurate as traditional histology for detecting Norrin/Fzd4-associated changes in PNL formation in Ptch+/− mice and EGL hyperplasia in Neurod2-SmoA1+/− mice. Moreover, we show that the anti-tumour effect of Norrin/Fzd4 signalling is restricted to the posterior region of the cerebellum and is characterized by defective neural progenitor migration away from the EGL. In conclusion, 3DISCO-LSFM is a valid way to monitor tumour initiation events in mouse MB models and reveals an unanticipated regional restriction of stromal signalling in constraining tumour initiation.
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2
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Smit MJ, Martini TEI, Armandari I, Bočkaj I, Zomerman WW, de Camargo Magalhães ES, Siragna Z, Meeuwsen TGJ, Scherpen FJG, Schoots MH, Ritsema M, den Dunnen WFA, Hoving EW, Paridaen JTML, de Haan G, Guryev V, Bruggeman SWM. The developmental stage of the medulloblastoma cell-of-origin restricts Hedgehog pathway usage and drug sensitivity. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:275628. [PMID: 35535520 PMCID: PMC9234672 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sonic hedgehog (SHH) medulloblastoma originates from the cerebellar granule neuron progenitor (CGNP) lineage, which depends on Hedgehog signaling for its perinatal expansion. Whereas SHH tumors exhibit overall deregulation of this pathway, they also show patient age-specific aberrations. To investigate whether the developmental stage of the CGNP can account for these age-specific lesions, we analyzed developing murine CGNP transcriptomes and observed highly dynamic gene expression as a function of age. Cross-species comparison with human SHH medulloblastoma showed partial maintenance of these expression patterns, and highlighted low primary cilium expression as hallmark of infant medulloblastoma and early embryonic CGNPs. This coincided with reduced responsiveness to upstream SHH pathway component Smoothened, whereas sensitivity to downstream components SUFU and GLI family proteins was retained. Together, these findings can explain the preference for SUFU mutations in infant medulloblastoma and suggest that drugs targeting the downstream SHH pathway will be most appropriate for infant patients. Summary: There is a relationship between the age of the medulloblastoma patient and the developmental age of the tumor cell-of-origin, and this influences the SHH pathway signaling route used by the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlinde J Smit
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing/ERIBA, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tosca E I Martini
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing/ERIBA, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Inna Armandari
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing/ERIBA, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Irena Bočkaj
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing/ERIBA, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Walderik W Zomerman
- Department of Pediatrics/Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Eduardo S de Camargo Magalhães
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing/ERIBA, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21949-590, Brazil
| | - Zillah Siragna
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing/ERIBA, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tiny G J Meeuwsen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frank J G Scherpen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mirthe H Schoots
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martha Ritsema
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing/ERIBA, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wilfred F A den Dunnen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Eelco W Hoving
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Judith T M L Paridaen
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing/ERIBA, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerald de Haan
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing/ERIBA, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Present address: Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1066CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Victor Guryev
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing/ERIBA, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sophia W M Bruggeman
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing/ERIBA, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Selvadurai HJ, Luis E, Desai K, Lan X, Vladoiu MC, Whitley O, Galvin C, Vanner RJ, Lee L, Whetstone H, Kushida M, Nowakowski T, Diamandis P, Hawkins C, Bader G, Kriegstein A, Taylor MD, Dirks PB. Medulloblastoma Arises from the Persistence of a Rare and Transient Sox2 + Granule Neuron Precursor. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107511. [PMID: 32294450 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.03.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is a neoplasm linked to dysregulated cerebellar development. Previously, we demonstrated that the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) subgroup grows hierarchically, with Sox2+ cells at the apex of tumor progression and relapse. To test whether this mechanism is rooted in a normal developmental process, we studied the role of Sox2 in cerebellar development. We find that the external germinal layer (EGL) is derived from embryonic Sox2+ precursors and that the EGL maintains a rare fraction of Sox2+ cells during the first postnatal week. Through lineage tracing and single-cell analysis, we demonstrate that these Sox2+ cells are within the Atoh1+ lineage, contribute extensively to adult granule neurons, and resemble Sox2+ tumor cells. Critically, constitutive activation of the SHH pathway leads to their aberrant persistence in the EGL and rapid tumor onset. We propose that failure to eliminate this rare but potent developmental population is the tumor initiation mechanism in SHH-subgroup MB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden J Selvadurai
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Erika Luis
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Kinjal Desai
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Xiaoyang Lan
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Maria C Vladoiu
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Owen Whitley
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, ON M5T 1W1, Canada
| | - Ciaran Galvin
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Robert J Vanner
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Lilian Lee
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Heather Whetstone
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Michelle Kushida
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Tomasz Nowakowski
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Phedias Diamandis
- Department of Pathology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; Division of Pathology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Cynthia Hawkins
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Pathology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; Division of Pathology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Gary Bader
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, ON M5T 1W1, Canada
| | - Arnold Kriegstein
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Peter B Dirks
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
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4
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Niesen J, Ohli J, Sedlacik J, Dührsen L, Hellwig M, Spohn M, Holsten T, Schüller U. Pik3ca mutations significantly enhance the growth of SHH medulloblastoma and lead to metastatic tumour growth in a novel mouse model. Cancer Lett 2020; 477:10-18. [PMID: 32112900 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most frequent malignant brain tumour in children with a poor outcome. Divided into four molecular subgroups, MB of the Sonic hedgehog (SHH) subgroup accounts for approximately 25% of the cases and is driven by mutations within components of the SHH pathway, such as its receptors PTCH1 or SMO. A fraction of these cases additionally harbour PIK3CA mutations, the relevance of which is so far unknown. To unravel the role of Pik3ca mutations alone or in combination with a constitutively activated SHH signalling pathway, transgenic mice were used. These mice show mutated variants within Smo, Ptch1 or Pik3ca genes in cerebellar granule neuron precursors, which represent the cellular origin of SHH MB. Our results show that Pik3ca mutations alone are insufficient to cause developmental alterations or to initiate MB. However, they significantly accelerate the growth of Shh MB, induce tumour spread throughout the cerebrospinal fluid, and result in lower survival rates of mice with a double Pik3caH1047R/SmoM2 or Pik3caH1047R/Ptch1 mutation. Therefore, PIK3CA mutations in SHH MB may represent a therapeutic target for first and second line combination treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Niesen
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Research Institute Children's Cancer Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Ohli
- Centre for Neuropathology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Sedlacik
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lasse Dührsen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Malte Hellwig
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Research Institute Children's Cancer Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Spohn
- Research Institute Children's Cancer Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Holsten
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Research Institute Children's Cancer Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Research Institute Children's Cancer Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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5
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Hemmer S, Sippl C, Sahm F, Oertel J, Urbschat S, Ketter R. The Loss of 1p as a Reliable Marker of Progression in a Child with Aggressive Meningioma: A 16-Year Follow-Up Case Report. Pediatr Neurosurg 2020; 55:418-425. [PMID: 33296905 DOI: 10.1159/000512001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Here, we present the case of a 32-year-old female with a progressing history of meningioma for 16 years starting with an ethmoidal lesion in 2002. The initial tumor specimen of this patient showed a deletion of the short arm of chromosome 1 through a translocation between chromosomes 1 and 11 (t[1; 11]) as well as additional chromosomal aberrations, including partial or complete monosomy of chromosomes 2, 6, 7, 11, 13, and 22. These molecular characteristics were already known to be associated with an aggressive course of the disease, and the patient was, therefore, included in a strict follow-up regime. From 2003 to 2019, the patient suffered multiple relapses and consecutive tumor resections. METHODS Tumor specimen from 2017 was examined using a genome-wide methylation analysis as well as a whole-genome sequencing. RESULTS These analyses confirmed the findings of 2002 and proved genetic alteration in the meningioma to be very stable over the time. Yet SMO and AKT1 mutations, which have been described to be paradigmatic in frontobasal meningioma, could not be found. CONCLUSIONS Genetic characteristics seem to be very stable during progression of the disease. The loss of 1p represents to be a potential marker for the poor clinical course of our child meningioma. In 2019, our patient passed away due to the progress of her meningioma disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Hemmer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Christoph Sippl
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Felix Sahm
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Oertel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Steffi Urbschat
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Ralf Ketter
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany,
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6
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Selective vulnerability of the primitive meningeal layer to prenatal Smo activation for skull base meningothelial meningioma formation. Oncogene 2018; 37:4955-4963. [PMID: 29789719 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0328-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Somatic activating mutations of smoothened (SMO), a component of the embryonic sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway, are found in 3-5% of grade I meningiomas, most of them corresponding to meningothelial meningiomas located at the anterior skull base. By generating different developmental stage-specific conditional activations in mice, we define a restricted developmental window during which conditional activation of Smo in Prostaglandin D2-synthase-positive mesoderm-derived meningeal layer of the skull base results in meningothelial meningioma formation. We show a selective vulnerability of the arachnoid from the skull base to Smo activation to initiate tumor development. This prenatal period and specific topography are correlated to the timing and location of SHH signaling involvement in the formation of craniofacial and meninges patterning, strongly corroborating the hypothesis of a developmental origin for Smo-activated meningiomas. Finally, we provide preclinical in vitro evidence of the efficacy of the SMO-inhibitor Sonidegib, supporting further preclinical and clinical evaluation of targeted treatment for refractory SMO-mutant meningiomas.
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7
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Merk DJ, Ohli J, Merk ND, Thatikonda V, Morrissy S, Schoof M, Schmid SN, Harrison L, Filser S, Ahlfeld J, Erkek S, Raithatha K, Andreska T, Weißhaar M, Launspach M, Neumann JE, Shakarami M, Plenker D, Marra MA, Li Y, Mungall AJ, Moore RA, Ma Y, Jones SJM, Lutz B, Ertl-Wagner B, Rossi A, Wagener R, Siebert R, Jung A, Eberhart CG, Lach B, Sendtner M, Pfister SM, Taylor MD, Chavez L, Kool M, Schüller U. Opposing Effects of CREBBP Mutations Govern the Phenotype of Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome and Adult SHH Medulloblastoma. Dev Cell 2018; 44:709-724.e6. [PMID: 29551561 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent mutations in chromatin modifiers are specifically prevalent in adolescent or adult patients with Sonic hedgehog-associated medulloblastoma (SHH MB). Here, we report that mutations in the acetyltransferase CREBBP have opposing effects during the development of the cerebellum, the primary site of origin of SHH MB. Our data reveal that loss of Crebbp in cerebellar granule neuron progenitors (GNPs) during embryonic development of mice compromises GNP development, in part by downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf). Interestingly, concomitant cerebellar hypoplasia was also observed in patients with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome, a congenital disorder caused by germline mutations of CREBBP. By contrast, loss of Crebbp in GNPs during postnatal development synergizes with oncogenic activation of SHH signaling to drive MB growth, thereby explaining the enrichment of somatic CREBBP mutations in SHH MB of adult patients. Together, our data provide insights into time-sensitive consequences of CREBBP mutations and corresponding associations with human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Merk
- Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jasmin Ohli
- Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Natalie D Merk
- Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Chemistry Department, Technical University, 85747 Munich, Germany
| | - Venu Thatikonda
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sorana Morrissy
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre and Division of Neurosurgery, Hospital for Sick Children (HSC), Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, HSC, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Melanie Schoof
- Research Institute Children's Cancer Center Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, N63 (HPI), Hamburg 20251, Germany
| | - Susanne N Schmid
- Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luke Harrison
- Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Severin Filser
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Ahlfeld
- Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Serap Erkek
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Core Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kaamini Raithatha
- Microarray and Deep-Sequencing Core Facility, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Andreska
- Institute for Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marc Weißhaar
- Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Launspach
- Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Julia E Neumann
- Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mehdi Shakarami
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dennis Plenker
- Department of Translational Genomics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Marco A Marra
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC VSZ 4S6, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Yisu Li
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC VSZ 4S6, Canada
| | - Andrew J Mungall
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC VSZ 4S6, Canada
| | - Richard A Moore
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC VSZ 4S6, Canada
| | - Yussanne Ma
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC VSZ 4S6, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC VSZ 4S6, Canada
| | - Beat Lutz
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Birgit Ertl-Wagner
- Institute of Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Department of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Rabea Wagener
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; Institute for Human Genetics, Ulm University and Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; Institute for Human Genetics, Ulm University and Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Jung
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Charles G Eberhart
- Division of Neuropathology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Boleslaw Lach
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Michael Sendtner
- Institute for Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Core Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre and Division of Neurosurgery, Hospital for Sick Children (HSC), Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, HSC, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Lukas Chavez
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Kool
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Core Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; Research Institute Children's Cancer Center Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, N63 (HPI), Hamburg 20251, Germany; Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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Lateral cerebellum is preferentially sensitive to high sonic hedgehog signaling and medulloblastoma formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018. [PMID: 29531057 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1717815115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The main cell of origin of the Sonic hedgehog (SHH) subgroup of medulloblastoma (MB) is granule cell precursors (GCPs), a SHH-dependent transient amplifying population in the developing cerebellum. SHH-MBs can be further subdivided based on molecular and clinical parameters, as well as location because SHH-MBs occur preferentially in the lateral cerebellum (hemispheres). Our analysis of adult patient data suggests that tumors with Smoothened (SMO) mutations form more specifically in the hemispheres than those with Patched 1 (PTCH1) mutations. Using sporadic mouse models of SHH-MB with the two mutations commonly seen in adult MB, constitutive activation of Smo (SmoM2) or loss-of-Ptch1, we found that regardless of timing of induction or type of mutation, tumors developed primarily in the hemispheres, with SmoM2-mutants indeed showing a stronger specificity. We further uncovered that GCPs in the hemispheres are more susceptible to high-level SHH signaling compared with GCPs in the medial cerebellum (vermis), as more SmoM2 or Ptch1-mutant hemisphere cells remain undifferentiated and show increased tumorigenicity when transplanted. Finally, we identified location-specific GCP gene-expression profiles, and found that deletion of the genes most highly expressed in the hemispheres (Nr2f2) or vermis (Engrailed1) showed opposing effects on GCP differentiation. Our studies thus provide insights into intrinsic differences within GCPs that impact on SHH-MB progression.
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Coluccia D, Figuereido C, Isik S, Smith C, Rutka JT. Medulloblastoma: Tumor Biology and Relevance to Treatment and Prognosis Paradigm. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2016; 16:43. [PMID: 27021772 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-016-0644-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is a malignant embryonic brain tumor arising in the posterior fossa and typically occurring in pediatric patients. Current multimodal treatment regimes have significantly improved the survival rates; however, a marked heterogeneity in therapy response is observed, and one third of all patients die within 5 years after diagnosis. Large-scale genetic and transcriptome analysis revealed four medulloblastoma subgroups (WNT, SHH, Group 3, and Group 4) associated with different demographic parameters, tumor manifestation, and clinical behavior. Future treatment protocols will integrate molecular classification schemes to evaluate subgroup-specific intensification or de-escalation of adjuvant therapies aimed to increase tumor control and reduce iatrogenic induced morbidity. Furthermore, the identification of genetic drivers allows assessing target therapies in order to increase the chemotherapeutic armamentarium. This review highlights the biology behind the current classification system and elucidates relevant aspects of the disease influencing forthcoming clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Coluccia
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, the University of Toronto, Suite 1503, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital of Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Carlyn Figuereido
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, the University of Toronto, Suite 1503, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Semra Isik
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, the University of Toronto, Suite 1503, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Christian Smith
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, the University of Toronto, Suite 1503, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - James T Rutka
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, the University of Toronto, Suite 1503, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.
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