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Coelho J, Lucas G, Micoulaud-Franchi JA, Philip P, Boyer L, Fond G. Poor sleep is associated with work environment among 10,087 French healthcare workers: Results from a nationwide survey. Psychiatry Res 2023; 328:115448. [PMID: 37713924 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Poor sleep is a prevalent issue among healthcare workers and can have detrimental effects on their health. Various individual and professional factors, including the work environment, may contribute to poor sleep. However, only a limited number of studies have examined the simultaneous influence of these factors. Hence, we conducted a nationwide survey among graduated healthcare workers in both public and private healthcare facilities in France. The aim was to analyze the association between poor sleep, assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (>5), and the work environment, evaluated using the Job Content Questionnaire. The study encompassed 10,087 healthcare workers, among whom 6,540 (64.8%) reported experiencing poor sleep. Nurses, health executives, nursing assistants, and other allied healthcare professionals were more likely to experience poor sleep compared to physicians. Through multivariate regression analysis, we identified several aspects of the work environment associated with an increased likelihood of poor sleep. These factors included high speed and quantity of work, high complexity and intensity, high fragmentation and unpredictability, limited decision-making latitude, underutilization of skills, lack of emotional support from colleagues, and sustained workplace bullying. These findings highlight the significance of considering the work environment in addressing sleep issues among healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Coelho
- Univ. Bordeaux, SANPSY, UMR 6033, F-33000, Bordeaux, France; CNRS, SANPSY, UMR 6033, F-33000, Bordeaux, France; CHU Bordeaux, Service Universitaire de Médecine du sommeil, F-33000, Bordeaux France
| | - Guillaume Lucas
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27, boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Arthur Micoulaud-Franchi
- Univ. Bordeaux, SANPSY, UMR 6033, F-33000, Bordeaux, France; CNRS, SANPSY, UMR 6033, F-33000, Bordeaux, France; CHU Bordeaux, Service Universitaire de Médecine du sommeil, F-33000, Bordeaux France
| | - Pierre Philip
- Univ. Bordeaux, SANPSY, UMR 6033, F-33000, Bordeaux, France; CNRS, SANPSY, UMR 6033, F-33000, Bordeaux, France; CHU Bordeaux, Service Universitaire de Médecine du sommeil, F-33000, Bordeaux France
| | - Laurent Boyer
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27, boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Guillaume Fond
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27, boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
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Domínguez LC, Torregrosa L, Cuevas L, Peña L, Sánchez S, Pedraza M, Sanabria Á. Workplace bullying and sexual harassment among general surgery residents in Colombia. BIOMEDICA : REVISTA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD 2023; 43:252-260. [PMID: 37433160 PMCID: PMC10531255 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.6915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Workplace bullying and sexual harassment are concerns among general surgery residents in Colombia. OBJETIVE To explore the prevalence and impact of workplace bullying and sexual harassment incidents among general surgery residents in Colombia. MATERIALS AND METHODS This nationwide study was conducted in 2020. Residents selfrated their exposure to workplace bullying and to sexual harassment in the forms of gender harassment, unwanted sexual attention, and sexual coercion. We analyzed demographic variables, perpetrator’s characteristics, and differences between victims and non-victims. RESULTS The study included 302 residents. It found that 49% of general surgery residents in Colombia suffered from workplace bullying and 14.9% experienced sexual harassment. The main forms of sexual harassment were gender harassment (47%) and unwanted sexual attention (47%). Women reported significantly higher rates of being sexually harassed. Surgeons were the main perpetrators of sexual harassment. CONCLUSIONS Workplace bullying and sexual harassment are frequent events in general surgery residency in Colombia. These findings suggest the need for interventions to improve the educational culture of surgical departments and decrease the prevalence of these behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lilian Torregrosa
- Departamento de Cirugía, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
| | - Liliana Cuevas
- Departamento de Cirugía, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
| | - Laura Peña
- Departamento de Cirugía, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
| | - Sebastián Sánchez
- Departamento de Cirugía, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
| | - Mauricio Pedraza
- Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
| | - Álvaro Sanabria
- Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
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Relationships Among Pay-for-Performance, Work Stressors, and Depression in Sales Workers: A Structural Equation Model Analysis. J Occup Environ Med 2022; 64:1018-1024. [PMID: 35902366 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine whether pay-for-performance (PFP) affects depression via work stressors. METHODS This study used data from self-administered questionnaires obtained from 1160 sales workers, and the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (covariance structure analysis). Models included "long hour labor condition (LHLC)," which consisted of the number of working hours, hours worked per month, service overtime, and increase or decrease in working hours; seven work stressors; and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. RESULTS According to the final model (CFI = 0.950, RMSEA = 0.035), PFP worsened LHLC (standardized total effect [STE] = 0.357) and improved job control (STE = 0.108), and although slightly, exacerbated depression via other work stressors (STE = 0.051). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest the need for measures to avoid prolonged overwork to prevent worsening of employee mental health when introducing or implementing PFP.
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FOND G, FERNANDES S, LUCAS G, Greenberg N, BOYER L. Depression in healthcare workers: results from the nationwide AMADEUS survey. Int J Nurs Stud 2022; 135:104328. [PMID: 35952535 PMCID: PMC9359895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Liu C, Liu W, Jiao M, Li Y, Zhang G, Wei L, Zhou S, Li Y, Sha Z, Hao Y, Wu Q. A combined behavioural economics- and simulation-based medical education to promote effectiveness among medical residents in coping with workplace violence in Northern China: a quasi-experimental study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1090. [PMID: 35650559 PMCID: PMC9156828 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13497-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Workplace violence is internationally recognised as a major concern for the workforce, which entails serious consequences, and research shows that medical residents are more likely than other doctors to experience violence in the workplace. This study first examines the effectiveness of simulation-based medical education, and then simulation-based medical education combined with behavioural economics as interventions in medical residents' perception of, attitude toward, and self-efficacy in coping with violence in the workplace.
Methods
A quasi-experimental design was used, 190 participants were randomised into three study groups to respectively test the effect of simulation-based medical education only and simulation-based medical education plus behavioural economics interventions, compared with a control group. Data were obtained from structured questionnaires, including (1) a perception of aggression scale, a management of aggression and violence attitude scale, a general self-efficacy scale, and (2) socio-demographic characteristics.
Results
The results show that the scores attained by simulation-based medical education (SBME) and simulation-based medical education combined with behavioural economics (SBME + BE) interventions for perception, attitude, and self-efficacy were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < .01). The SBME + BE group recorded a greater improvement in perception, which could be ascribed to the behavioural economics effect. Furthermore, the higher perception of workplace violence is correlated with single residents and those with more work experience, prior experiences of violence in the workplace, and training related to workplace violence. A higher positive correlation of workplace violence was recorded by female and widowed residents,and a higher level of self-efficacy related to violence in the workplace correlated with male, widowed,and senior (third-year) residents.
Conclusions
This study contributes important evidence regarding changes in the perception, attitude, and self-efficacy of subjects following both the SBME + BE and SBME interventions among medical residents in coping with workplace violence, the biggest perception change having been recorded after the SBME + BE intervention, which can be explained by the inclusion of behavioural economics.
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Lucas G, Colson S, Boyer L, Gentile S, Fond G. Work environment and mental health in nurse assistants, nurses and health executives: results from the AMADEUS study. J Nurs Manag 2022; 30:2268-2277. [PMID: 35332585 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore work environment and mental health in nurse assistants, nurses and health executives in a national large-scale study. BACKGROUND We have data for physicians but not for other healthcare workers categories. METHODS 6935 participants were recruited between 2021 May and June by professional mailings and professional networks. RESULTS All professional categories reported high rates of high psychological demand (>90%), low social support (>60%) burnout (50 to 60%), exposure to potentially morally injurious events (>40%) depression (approximately 30%). Surgery nurses reported the highest exposure to potentially morally injurious events. Major depression was identified in approximately 30% of participants in all categories but less than 10% reported consuming antidepressants. 31 to 49% of participants reported sleep disorders and 16 to 21% reported consuming regularly hypnotics. Physicians reported high hazardous drinking behavior and nurse assistant high smoking rates. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Our results suggest that preventing burnout and depression in healthcare workers is a priority. To reach this goal, nursing managers could develop some interventions to reduce psychological demand and increase personal accomplishment and social support between colleagues, prevent sustained bullying at the workplace and health risk behaviors. These interventions should be further developed and evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Lucas
- AP-HM, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Aix Marseille Université, EA3279-CEReSS, Marseille Cedex, France
| | - Sébastien Colson
- AP-HM, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Aix Marseille Université, EA3279-CEReSS, Marseille Cedex, France
| | - Laurent Boyer
- AP-HM, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Aix Marseille Université, EA3279-CEReSS, Marseille Cedex, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Stéphanie Gentile
- AP-HM, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Aix Marseille Université, EA3279-CEReSS, Marseille Cedex, France
| | - Guillaume Fond
- AP-HM, Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Aix Marseille Université, EA3279-CEReSS, Marseille Cedex, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
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Gianakos AL, Freischlag JA, Mercurio AM, Haring RS, LaPorte DM, Mulcahey MK, Cannada LK, Kennedy JG. Bullying, Discrimination, Harassment, Sexual Harassment, and the Fear of Retaliation During Surgical Residency Training: A Systematic Review. World J Surg 2022; 46:1587-1599. [PMID: 35006329 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-021-06432-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The negative effects of bullying, discrimination, harassment, and sexual harassment (BDHS) on well-being and productivity of surgical residents in training have been well documented. Despite this, little has changed over the past decade and these behaviors continue. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of each abusive behavior experienced by residents, identify the perpetrators, and examine the reporting tendency. METHODS A systematic review of articles published between 2010 and 2020 in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases was performed following PRISMA guidelines. The following search terms were used: bullying, harassment, sexual harassment, discrimination, abuse, residency, surgery, orthopedic surgery, general surgery, otolaryngology, obstetrics, gynecology, urology, plastic surgery, and training. RESULTS Twenty-five studies with 29,980 surgical residents were included. Sixty-three percent, 43, 29, and 27% of surgical residents experienced BDHS, respectively. Female residents reported experiencing all BDHS behaviors more often. Thirty-seven percent of resident respondents reported burnout, and 33% reported anxiety/depression. Attending surgeons, followed by senior co-residents, were the most common perpetrators. Seventy-one percent did not report the behavior to their institution. Fifty-one percent stated this was due to fear of retaliation. Of those who reported their experiences, 56% stated they had a negative experience reporting. CONCLUSION Our review demonstrates high prevalence rates of BDHS experienced by residents during surgical training, which have been associated with burnout, anxiety, and depression. The majority of residents did not report BDHS due to fear of retaliation. Residency programs need to devise methods to have a platform for residents to safely voice their complaints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna L Gianakos
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard-Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Dawn M LaPorte
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary K Mulcahey
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Lisa K Cannada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Novant Health Orthopaedics, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - John G Kennedy
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
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