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Martins EJ, Serrão P, Leonardi-Figueiredo MM, Ravanelli LS, Serenza FS, Mattiello S, Aagaard P, Mattiello-Sverzut A. Isokinetic arm and shoulder muscle torque-velocity characteristics in mobility limited children and adolescents with spina bifida. Physiother Theory Pract 2024; 40:962-972. [PMID: 36482746 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2022.2150529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Propulsive wheelchair capacity may be influenced by arm muscle performance.Objectives: To determine whether children and adolescent wheelchair-users with spina bifida show reduced arm muscle strength compared to their typically developing peers and to compare muscle strength data obtained by isokinetic and handheld dynamometry (HHD). METHODS Participants (mean age 12.5 ± 2.5 years) were assigned to spina bifida (SB; n = 11) or control (n = 22) groups. Isokinetic dynamometry was used to measure peak torque (PT) during dynamic (60°s-1 and 120°s-1) and isometric strength testing (MVIC) for shoulder and elbow flexors and extensors. HHD was used to measure MVIC of the same muscle groups. RESULTS SB showed reduced isokinetic PT for shoulder extensors at 60°s-1 and 120°s-1, shoulder flexor MVIC, and elbow flexors at 60°s-1 and MVIC; higher PT for shoulder flexors and elbow flexors at 120°s-1; and decreased MVIC for elbow flexors but not extensors compared to controls when assessed by HHD. The SB and control groups showed strong positive correlations between MVIC data obtained by the two devices for all muscle groups (r ≥ 0.81; p < .01), except for shoulder flexor MVIC in controls (r = 0.68; p < .01). CONCLUSION SB presented reduced levels of dynamic slow-speed and isometric shoulder and elbow muscle strength and greater dynamic high-speed shoulder and elbow flexor strength than controls possibly due to the exposure to self-sustained wheelchair ambulation. Exercise-based intervention protocols to increase slow-speed arm muscle strength should be considered in youth with SB. Strong positive correlations observed between muscle strength assessed by isokinetic dynamometry and HHD support the use of HHD in this clinical population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela J Martins
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Paula Serrão
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Letícia S Ravanelli
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Felipe S Serenza
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Stela Mattiello
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Per Aagaard
- Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Muscle Physiology and Biomechanics Research Unit, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ana Mattiello-Sverzut
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Martins EJ, Mattiello-Sverzut AC, Franco CSB, de Lemos TW, Aagaard P. Muscle strength, rate of torque development and neuromuscular activation of the upper arm muscles in children and adolescents with spina bifida. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2023; 102:105861. [PMID: 36623326 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2022.105861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of locomotive devices requires sufficient levels of upper limb strength. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the maximal isometric torque, rate of torque development and neuromuscular activation in youth with spina bifida. The objective was to investigate these parameters in the elbow muscles of youth with spina bifida versus healthy age-matched peers. METHODS Forty-eight participants (8-17 years) were recruited: Spina Bifida (n = 23) and non-affected Controls (n = 25). Maximal isometric elbow flexor/extensor contractions were performed to assess maximal muscle strength (peak torque) and rate of torque development, along with synchronized electromyography recording in the biceps and triceps brachii muscles. FINDINGS During elbow flexor contractions, Spina Bifida showed reduced rate of torque development in the early contraction phase (0-50 ms) along with lowered relative rate of torque development in the later rate of torque development phase (0-100/200/300 ms) compared to controls. Spina Bifida showed reduced rate of torque development for the elbow extensors in the later phase of rising muscle force (0-200/300 ms) compared to controls. Lower isometric peak torque and smaller triceps brachii electromyography amplitudes (0-200/300 ms) were observed during elbow extensor contractions in Ambulatory spina bifida participants vs. controls. INTERPRETATION Although a majority of peak torque and rate of torque development parameters did not differ, significant impairments in maximal and rapid elbow muscle force characteristics were noted in Spina Bifida compared to non-affected Controls. Ambulatory and Non-ambulatory spina bifida participants demonstrated similar rate of torque development in their upper arm muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Juvenal Martins
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Per Aagaard
- Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Muscle Physiology and Biomechanics Research Unit, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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Merlo A, Bò MC, Campanini I. Electrode Size and Placement for Surface EMG Bipolar Detection from the Brachioradialis Muscle: A Scoping Review. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21217322. [PMID: 34770627 PMCID: PMC8587451 DOI: 10.3390/s21217322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The brachioradialis muscle (BRD) is one of the main elbow flexors and is often assessed by surface electromyography (sEMG) in physiology, clinical, sports, ergonomics, and bioengineering applications. The reliability of the sEMG measurement strongly relies on the characteristics of the detection system used, because of possible crosstalk from the surrounding forearm muscles. We conducted a scoping review of the main databases to explore available guidelines of electrode placement on BRD and to map the electrode configurations used and authors’ awareness on the issues of crosstalk. One hundred and thirty-four studies were included in the review. The crosstalk was mentioned in 29 studies, although two studies only were specifically designed to assess it. One hundred and six studies (79%) did not even address the issue by generically placing the sensors above BRD, usually choosing large disposable ECG electrodes. The analysis of the literature highlights a general lack of awareness on the issues of crosstalk and the need for adequate training in the sEMG field. Three guidelines were found, whose recommendations have been compared and summarized to promote reliability in further studies. In particular, it is crucial to use miniaturized electrodes placed on a specific area over the muscle, especially when BRD activity is recorded for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Merlo
- LAM-Motion Analysis Laboratory, S. Sebastiano Hospital, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Circondaria 29, 42015 Correggio, Italy;
- Merlo Bioengineering, 43100 Parma, Italy;
| | | | - Isabella Campanini
- LAM-Motion Analysis Laboratory, S. Sebastiano Hospital, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Circondaria 29, 42015 Correggio, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Davarinia F, Maleki A. Automated estimation of clinical parameters by recurrence quantification analysis of surface EMG for agonist/antagonist muscles in amputees. Biomed Signal Process Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2021.102740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Balbinot G, Li G, Wiest MJ, Pakosh M, Furlan JC, Kalsi-Ryan S, Zariffa J. Properties of the surface electromyogram following traumatic spinal cord injury: a scoping review. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2021; 18:105. [PMID: 34187509 PMCID: PMC8244234 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-021-00888-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts spinal and supraspinal pathways, and this process is reflected in changes in surface electromyography (sEMG). sEMG is an informative complement to current clinical testing and can capture the residual motor command in great detail-including in muscles below the level of injury with seemingly absent motor activities. In this comprehensive review, we sought to describe how the sEMG properties are changed after SCI. We conducted a systematic literature search followed by a narrative review focusing on sEMG analysis techniques and signal properties post-SCI. We found that early reports were mostly focused on the qualitative analysis of sEMG patterns and evolved to semi-quantitative scores and a more detailed amplitude-based quantification. Nonetheless, recent studies are still constrained to an amplitude-based analysis of the sEMG, and there are opportunities to more broadly characterize the time- and frequency-domain properties of the signal as well as to take fuller advantage of high-density EMG techniques. We recommend the incorporation of a broader range of signal properties into the neurophysiological assessment post-SCI and the development of a greater understanding of the relation between these sEMG properties and underlying physiology. Enhanced sEMG analysis could contribute to a more complete description of the effects of SCI on upper and lower motor neuron function and their interactions, and also assist in understanding the mechanisms of change following neuromodulation or exercise therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Balbinot
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada.
| | - Guijin Li
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Matheus Joner Wiest
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada
| | - Maureen Pakosh
- Library & Information Services, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julio Cesar Furlan
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sukhvinder Kalsi-Ryan
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jose Zariffa
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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An YH, Kim J, Kim HJ, Lim K. Effects of leucine-enriched essential amino acid supplementation on muscular fatigue and inflammatory cytokines in wheelchair basketball players. Phys Act Nutr 2020; 24:38-46. [PMID: 32698260 PMCID: PMC7451841 DOI: 10.20463/pan.2020.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the effects of leucine-enriched essential amino acid (LEAA) supplementation on muscle fatigue and the level of inflammatory cytokines in wheelchair basketball players after a basketball game and interval training. METHODS Of the ten recruited wheelchair basketball players (aged 34.5±8.9 years; lean body mass of 34.3±10.0 kg) who had spinal cord injury (SCI) and had undergone amputation, nine participated in the final test. These nine athletes received LEAA supplements (3 times 4.0 g/day) or placebo treatment in a double-blind, randomized, crossover study. We measured variables related to muscular fatigue and inflammatory response before the intense exercise and 4 days after recovery. RESULTS The significant effect of LEAA supplementation was inhibition of circulating IL-6 levels in the LEAA-treated group compared with the placebo group (P < .05). However, no changes were observed in the TNF-α and creatinine kinase levels. Moreover, analysis of variance analysis showed no significant difference in the relative values of muscle soreness. However, the effect size analysis with Cohen's d reported a significant improvement in the relative values of whole body and back muscle soreness. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that LEAA supplementation before and after intense exercise could help reduce muscle soreness and IL-6 levels in wheelchair basketball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hwan An
- Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, SeoulRepublic of Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Kim
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Kiwon Lim
- Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, SeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, SeoulRepublic of Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, SeoulRepublic of Korea
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Rampichini S, Vieira TM, Castiglioni P, Merati G. Complexity Analysis of Surface Electromyography for Assessing the Myoelectric Manifestation of Muscle Fatigue: A Review. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 22:E529. [PMID: 33286301 PMCID: PMC7517022 DOI: 10.3390/e22050529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The surface electromyography (sEMG) records the electrical activity of muscle fibers during contraction: one of its uses is to assess changes taking place within muscles in the course of a fatiguing contraction to provide insights into our understanding of muscle fatigue in training protocols and rehabilitation medicine. Until recently, these myoelectric manifestations of muscle fatigue (MMF) have been assessed essentially by linear sEMG analyses. However, sEMG shows a complex behavior, due to many concurrent factors. Therefore, in the last years, complexity-based methods have been tentatively applied to the sEMG signal to better individuate the MMF onset during sustained contractions. In this review, after describing concisely the traditional linear methods employed to assess MMF we present the complexity methods used for sEMG analysis based on an extensive literature search. We show that some of these indices, like those derived from recurrence plots, from entropy or fractal analysis, can detect MMF efficiently. However, we also show that more work remains to be done to compare the complexity indices in terms of reliability and sensibility; to optimize the choice of embedding dimension, time delay and threshold distance in reconstructing the phase space; and to elucidate the relationship between complexity estimators and the physiologic phenomena underlying the onset of MMF in exercising muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Rampichini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.R.); (G.M.)
| | - Taian Martins Vieira
- Laboratorio di Ingegneria del Sistema Neuromuscolare (LISiN), Dipartimento di Elettronica e Telecomunicazioni, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
- PoliToBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Giampiero Merati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.R.); (G.M.)
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 20148 Milan, Italy;
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Fidalgo-Herrera A, Miangolarra-Page J, Carratalá-Tejada M. Traces of muscular fatigue in the rectus femoris identified with surface electromyography and wavelets on normal gait. Physiother Theory Pract 2020; 38:211-225. [DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2020.1725945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Fidalgo-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Análisis del Movimiento, Biomecánica, Ergonomía y Control Motor (LAMBECOM), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Juan Miangolarra-Page
- Laboratorio de Análisis del Movimiento, Biomecánica, Ergonomía y Control Motor (LAMBECOM), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, Spain
| | - Maria Carratalá-Tejada
- Laboratorio de Análisis del Movimiento, Biomecánica, Ergonomía y Control Motor (LAMBECOM), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
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The Use of a Wheelchair Propulsion Field Test to Determine Peak Heart Rate in Children and Adolescents With Myelomeningocele. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2018; 30:251-258. [PMID: 29485935 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2017-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We analyzed the evolution and pattern of heart rate (HR) during the 12-minute wheelchair propulsion field test (WPFT) and compared the peak HR (HRpeak) from the WPFT to the HRpeak obtained in the progressive cardiopulmonary exercise test on arm cranking ergometer (ACT). We aimed to determine if the field test detects the HRpeak consistently and could be used in clinical practice. METHODS Eleven wheelchair-using children and adolescents with myelomeningocele (aged 8-15 y) performed a maximal ACT and a 12-minute WPFT. HR was recorded continuously at rest, during each minute of the tests, and at recovery. Mixed analysis of variance was used to compare the variables at rest and peak. Bland-Altman plot and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient were used to show agreement between the tests. RESULTS During minute 2 of the WPFT, participants reached 73%-96% of the HRpeak values recorded in the ACT. From minutes 4 to 12, participants reached HRpeak values ranging 86%-109% of the values recorded in the ACT. There is agreement between the ACT and the WPFT tests. CONCLUSION WPFT with minimal duration of 4 minutes may be an alternative tool to obtain HRpeak in children and adolescents with myelomeningocele.
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Neuromuscular Responses and Physiological Changes During Small-Sided Games in Wheelchair Basketball. Adapt Phys Activ Q 2018; 35:20-35. [PMID: 29256634 DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2016-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to analyze the changes of physical performance and physiological responses during a high-intensity training task in wheelchair basketball (WB) players. Thirteen Spanish first division WB male players participated in this study. A test battery (change of direction ability, sprints, and sled towing) was performed to study neuromuscular responses before (pre) and after (post) the small-sided games (SSG). Furthermore, tympanic temperature and blood lactate concentration were measured before and immediately after players finished the SSG. The SSG tasks consisted in four players against four, 4 bouts of 4 min with 2 min of recovery periods. There was a 1.10% decline in performance in both 5- and 20-m sprints (p < .01; effect size [ES] ≤ 0.14), 1.82% decline in 5-m sled towing (p < .05; ES = 0.18), and 2.68% decline in 20-m sled towing (p < .01; ES = 0.27) between pre- and post-SSG. As in physical performance results, significant differences were observed between pre and post in physiological markers, with increasing tympanic temperature (36.21 ± 0.60 °C to 36.97 ± 0.59 °C; p < .001; ES = 1.27) and blood lactate concentrations (1.95 ± 1.30 mmol/L to 5.84 ± 2.04 mmol/L; p < .001; ES = 2.99) after SSG. The SSG produced a decrease in sprint and sled towing performance after 16 min of intense exercise. Moreover, the decrease in physical performance was accompanied with an increase in physiological responses. These neuromuscular responses could be similar in the real game; thus, coaching staff could benefit from this information when changing bench players.
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A case report of shoulder fatigue imbalance in wheelchair rugby: implications to pain and injury. Spinal Cord Ser Cases 2016; 2:16002. [PMID: 28053746 DOI: 10.1038/scsandc.2016.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this case-control study was to examine potential agonist-antagonist fatigue imbalance during wheelchair rugby activity. A 16-channel NORAXON electromyography (EMG) system 1400A with telemetry was used to assess EMG activity in a 39-year-old male with a C6 complete spinal cord injury (American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) A), 17.5 years post injury. Mean amplitude and median frequency were determined for push-phase agonists (anterior deltoid and pectoralis major) and antagonist (posterior deltoid) across four training sessions at a community fitness and Paralympic training facility. Unlike continuous wheelchair pushing, acute muscle imbalances between agonists and antagonists (that is, push and recovery muscles) were not demonstrated. Wheelchair sports such as rugby may reduce risk of shoulder pain and overuse injury due to intermittent activity rather than continuous pushing. The current study is one of the first to document sport fatigue through electromyography during intermittent, live play rather than clinical conditions (that is, continuous pushing).
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Raquel G, Namba EL, Bonotto D, Ribeiro Rosa EA, Trevilatto PC, Naval Machado MÂ, Vianna-Lara MS, Azevedo-Alanis LR. The use of a custom-made mouthguard stabilizes the electromyographic activity of the masticatory muscles among Karate-Dō athletes. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2016; 21:109-116. [PMID: 28167165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To analyze and compare the electromyographic activity of the temporal (anterior portion) and masseter muscles among Karate-Dō athletes before and after training, with and without the use of a mouthguard. METHODS Twenty athletes (14 males and 6 females) with a mean age of 23.7 ± 7.5 years participated. They had surface electromyography recordings taken of their bilateral temporal and masseter muscles before and after training under the following conditions: no mouthguard, with a ready-made mouthguard, and with a custom-made mouthguard. Activity was examined at mandibular rest, while clenching, and at maximum voluntary contraction. The data were normalized using the mean maximum voluntary contraction. RESULTS The right (p = 0.005) and left (p = 0.015) temporal muscles showed significantly lower electromyographic activity with a custom-made mouthguard compared with no mouthguard after training while clenching. The electromyographic activity of the temporal and masseter muscles did not show significant differences when tested at mandibular rest and while clenching before or after training with a custom-made mouthguard (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The use of a custom-made mouthguard preserved participants' electromyographic profiles before and after training; thus, they allow for stable muscle activity during the training of Karate-Dō athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilsane Raquel
- Midwest State University (Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste; Unicentro), Irati, PR, Brazil
| | - Eli Luis Namba
- Coordinator of the Graduate Course in Sports Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Daniel Bonotto
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Edvaldo Antônio Ribeiro Rosa
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Health and Biosciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Paula Cristina Trevilatto
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Health and Biosciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Michelle Santos Vianna-Lara
- School of Health and Biosciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Department of Anatomy, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Luciana Reis Azevedo-Alanis
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Health and Biosciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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Naik GR, Baker KG, Nguyen HT. Dependence Independence Measure for Posterior and Anterior EMG Sensors Used in Simple and Complex Finger Flexion Movements: Evaluation Using SDICA. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2015; 19:1689-1696. [DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2014.2340397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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The physiological responses to repeated upper-body sprint exercise in highly trained athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol 2015; 115:1381-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-015-3128-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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AHAMED NIZAMUDDIN, SUNDARAJ KENNETH, AHMAD BADLISHAH, RAHMAN MATIUR, ALI MDASRAF, ISLAM MDANAMUL. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE UPPER LIMB MUSCLES OF CRICKET BOWLERS: RECOMMENDATIONS FROM STUDIES OF OVERHEAD-THROWING ATHLETES. J MECH MED BIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519414300051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was twofold: (i) to review the existing literature on electromyographic (EMG) analysis of the upper limb muscles of present overhead-throwing (OT) athletes during throwing and of cricket bowlers (CBs) during cricket bowling (CB) and, (ii) to discuss the importance of and generate recommendations for the EMG assessment of the muscle activity of CBs with respect to previous studies of OT athletes. A literature search of the PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar electronic databases was performed to identify relevant articles published up to December 2012. This search was performed to evaluate the following areas, (i) what are the upper limb muscles that should be evaluated during OT sports and cricket bowling? (ii) what types of EMG methodologies have been used? (iii) what are the anthropometric, performance and physical functional variables that are usually selected? and (iv) what recommendations can be made for the assessment of the muscle activity of CBs? The search identifies 32 publications on OT athletes and 4 on CBs. The results note the following conclusions: (i) there are relatively few CB-related papers that utilize EMG, particularly for the assessment of muscle activity and coordination, (ii) a total of 22 upper limb muscles were investigated using EMG (from both criteria), (iii) surface electrodes are used more frequently than needle electrodes, (iv) most of the article normalized and analyzed the EMG amplitudes than the frequency, and the data was more often analyzed through a descriptive statistical analysis and (v) the majority of the studies analyzed the right limb of physically normal (uninjured) male's both the amateur and professional athletes that were 20 to 29 years of age. Finally, the published evidence on CBs is inadequate to validate a sound recommendation for the assessment of the muscles of CBs using EMG. However, the studies on OT athletes do provide guidelines that can be used to analyze CBs. The overall conclusion of this review show that, further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of EMG for the assessment of the upper limb muscle of CBs to ultimately identify and prevent injury which is still a matter of discussion in the sports medicine community.
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Affiliation(s)
- NIZAM UDDIN AHAMED
- AI-Rehab Research Group, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kampus Pauh Putra, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - KENNETH SUNDARAJ
- AI-Rehab Research Group, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kampus Pauh Putra, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - BADLISHAH AHMAD
- AI-Rehab Research Group, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kampus Pauh Putra, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - MATIUR RAHMAN
- College of Computer Science and Information System, Najran University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - MD. ASRAF ALI
- AI-Rehab Research Group, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kampus Pauh Putra, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - MD. ANAMUL ISLAM
- AI-Rehab Research Group, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kampus Pauh Putra, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
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