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Yang C, Han J, Liu H, He Y, Zhang Z, Liu X, Waqas F, Zhang L, Duan H, He J, Dong L. Storage of plasma-derived exosomes: evaluation of anticoagulant use and preserving temperatures. Platelets 2024; 35:2337255. [PMID: 38630028 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2024.2337255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes carry large cargo of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, serving as versatile biomarkers for disease diagnosis and vehicles for drug delivery. However, up to date, no well recognized standard procedures for exosome storage were available for clinical application. This study aimed to determine the optimal storage conditions and the anticoagulants for plasma-derived exosome isolation. Fresh whole blood samples were collected from healthy participants and preserved in four different anticoagulants including sodium citrate (SC1/4), sodium citrate (SC1/9), lithium heparin (LH), or Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), respectively. Exosomes were extracted from the plasma by differential ultracentrifugation and stored at three different temperatures, 4°C, -20°C or - 80°C for a duration ranging from one week to six months. All plasma samples for storage conditions comparison were pretreated with LH anticoagulant. Exosome features including morphological characteristics, pariticles size diameter, and surface protein profiles (TSG101, CD63, CD81, CD9, CALNEXIN) were assessed by transmission electron microscopy, Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis, and Western Blotting, respectively. Exosomes preserved in LH and SC1/4 group tended to remain intact microstructure with highly abundant protein biomarkers. Exosomes stored at 4°C for short time were prone to be more stable compared to thos at -80°C. Exosomes stored in plasma were superior in terms of ultrastructure, size diameter and surface protein expression to those stored in PBS. In conclusion, plasma-dervied exosome characteristics strictly depend on the anticoagulants and storage temperature and duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiting Yang
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jie Han
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Liu
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuyu He
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaochun Liu
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Farooq Waqas
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lizhong Zhang
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huiping Duan
- Tuberculosis Department, The Fourth People's Hospital of Taiyuan, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing He
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Li Dong
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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2
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Tielens EK, Kelly J. Temperature, not net primary productivity, drives continental-scale variation in insect flight activity. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230114. [PMID: 38705173 PMCID: PMC11070256 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The amount of energy available in a system constrains large-scale patterns of abundance. Here, we test the role of temperature and net primary productivity as drivers of flying insect abundance using a novel continental-scale data source: weather surveillance radar. We use the United States NEXRAD weather radar network to generate a near-daily dataset of insect flight activity across a gradient of temperature and productivity. Insect flight activity was positively correlated with mean annual temperature, explaining 38% of variation across sites. By contrast, net primary productivity did not explain additional variation. Grassland, forest and arid-xeric shrubland biomes differed in their insect flight activity, with the greatest abundance in subtropical and temperate grasslands. The relationship between insect flight abundance and temperature varied across biome types. In arid-xeric shrublands and in forest biomes the temperature-abundance relationship was indirectly (through net primary productivity) or directly (in the form of precipitation) mediated by water availability. These results suggest that temperature constraints on metabolism, development, or flight activity shape macroecological patterns in ectotherm abundance. Assessing the drivers of continental-scale patterns in insect abundance and their variation across biomes is particularly important to predict insect community response to warming conditions. This article is part of the theme issue 'Towards a toolkit for global insect biodiversity monitoring'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elske K Tielens
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019-0390, USA
| | - Jeff Kelly
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019-0390, USA
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Doan TNK, Davis MM, Croyle MA. Identification of film-based formulations that move mRNA lipid nanoparticles out of the freezer. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2024; 35:102179. [PMID: 38606144 PMCID: PMC11007537 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccines consisting of mRNA lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) encoding the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein antigen protected millions of people from severe disease; however, they must be stored frozen prior to use. The objective of this study was to evaluate the compatibility and stability of mRNA LNPs within a polymer-based film matrix. An optimized formulation of polymer base, glycerol, surfactants, and PEGylated lipid that prevents damage to the LNP due to physical changes during the film-forming process (osmotic stress, surface tension, spatial stress, and water loss) was identified. Surfactants added to LNP stock prior to mixing with other film components contributed to this effect. Formulations prepared at pH ≥ 8.5 extended transfection efficiency beyond 4 weeks at 4°C when combined with known nucleic acid stabilizers. mRNA LNPs were most stable in films when manufactured in an environment of ∼50% relative humidity. The optimized formulation offers 16-week stability at 4°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Nguyen Kieu Doan
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Madison M. Davis
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Maria A. Croyle
- College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- John R. LaMontagne Center for Infectious Disease, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Radua J, De Prisco M, Oliva V, Fico G, Vieta E, Fusar-Poli P. Impact of air pollution and climate change on mental health outcomes: an umbrella review of global evidence. World Psychiatry 2024; 23:244-256. [PMID: 38727076 PMCID: PMC11083864 DOI: 10.1002/wps.21219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The impact of air pollution and climate change on mental health has recently raised strong concerns. However, a comprehensive overview analyzing the existing evidence while addressing relevant biases is lacking. This umbrella review systematically searched the PubMed/Medline, Scopus and PsycINFO databases (up to June 26, 2023) for any systematic review with meta-analysis investigating the association of air pollution or climate change with mental health outcomes. We used the R metaumbrella package to calculate and stratify the credibility of the evidence according to criteria (i.e., convincing, highly suggestive, suggestive, or weak) that address several biases, complemented by sensitivity analyses. We included 32 systematic reviews with meta-analysis that examined 284 individual studies and 237 associations of exposures to air pollution or climate change hazards and mental health outcomes. Most associations (n=195, 82.3%) involved air pollution, while the rest (n=42, 17.7%) regarded climate change hazards (mostly focusing on temperature: n=35, 14.8%). Mental health outcomes in most associations (n=185, 78.1%) involved mental disorders, followed by suicidal behavior (n=29, 12.4%), access to mental health care services (n=9, 3.7%), mental disorders-related symptomatology (n=8, 3.3%), and multiple categories together (n=6, 2.5%). Twelve associations (5.0%) achieved convincing (class I) or highly suggestive (class II) evidence. Regarding exposures to air pollution, there was convincing (class I) evidence for the association between long-term exposure to solvents and a higher incidence of dementia or cognitive impairment (odds ratio, OR=1.139), and highly suggestive (class II) evidence for the association between long-term exposure to some pollutants and higher risk for cognitive disorders (higher incidence of dementia with high vs. low levels of carbon monoxide, CO: OR=1.587; higher incidence of vascular dementia per 1 μg/m3 increase of nitrogen oxides, NOx: hazard ratio, HR=1.004). There was also highly suggestive (class II) evidence for the association between exposure to airborne particulate matter with diameter ≤10 μm (PM10) during the second trimester of pregnancy and the incidence of post-partum depression (OR=1.023 per 1 μg/m3 increase); and for the association between short-term exposure to sulfur dioxide (SO2) and schizophrenia relapse (risk ratio, RR=1.005 and 1.004 per 1 μg/m3 increase, respectively 5 and 7 days after exposure). Regarding climate change hazards, there was highly suggestive (class II) evidence for the association between short-term exposure to increased temperature and suicide- or mental disorders-related mortality (RR=1.024), suicidal behavior (RR=1.012), and hospital access (i.e., hospitalization or emergency department visits) due to suicidal behavior or mental disorders (RR=1.011) or mental disorders only (RR=1.009) (RR values per 1°C increase). There was also highly suggestive (class II) evidence for the association between short-term exposure to increased apparent temperature (i.e., the temperature equivalent perceived by humans) and suicidal behavior (RR=1.01 per 1°C increase). Finally, there was highly suggestive (class II) evidence for the association between the temporal proximity of cyclone exposure and severity of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (r=0.275). Although most of the above associations were small in magnitude, they extend to the entire world population, and are therefore likely to have a substantial impact. This umbrella review classifies and quantifies for the first time the global negative impacts that air pollution and climate change can exert on mental health, identifying evidence-based targets that can inform future research and population health actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Radua
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michele De Prisco
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Oliva
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giovanna Fico
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo Fusar-Poli
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Outreach and Support in South-London (OASIS) service, South London and Maudlsey NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Straková B, Kubička L, Červenka J, Kratochvíl L. Pivotal temperature is not for everyone: Evidence for temperature-dependent sex determination in three gecko species. J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol 2024; 341:597-605. [PMID: 38497303 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of environmental sex determination (ESD) in squamate reptiles is often overestimated in the literature. This is surprising because we have reliable data demonstrating ESD in only a few species. The documentation of ESD in three species of geckos presented here has significantly increased our knowledge, given that satisfactory evidence for ESD existed in only eight other gecko species. For the first time, we document the occurrence of ESD in the family Sphaerodactylidae. Our finding of unexpected variability in the shapes of reaction norms among geckos highlights that traditional descriptions using parameters such as pivotal temperature, that is, temperature producing a 50:50 sex ratio, are unsatisfactory. For example, the gecko Pachydactylus tigrinus lacks any pivotal temperature and its sex ratios are strongly female-biased across the entire range of viable temperatures. We argue for the effective capture of the relationship between temperature and sex ratio using specific nonlinear models rather than using classical simplistic descriptions and classifications of reaction norms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Straková
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Kubička
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Červenka
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Kratochvíl
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Wu X, Qian J, He S, Shi X, Chen R, Chen H, Wang L, Wang F, Yang J, Peng N, Tong H. Prediction of in-hospital mortality in patients with exertional heatstroke: a 13-year retrospective study. Int J Environ Health Res 2024; 34:2451-2462. [PMID: 37694573 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2253765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Hyperactivity of coagulation is common in exertional heatstroke (EHS). Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is the most severe form of coagulation dysfunction and associated with poor outcome. DIC, temperature and Glasgow coma scale score were identified as independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality by multivariate logistic regression analysis, and we developed a nomogram for predicting in-hospital mortality in a 13-year EHS patient cohort. The nomogram was assessed by calibration curves and bootstrap with 1,000 resamples. The receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed, and the area under the curve (AUC) was compared. Two hundred and ten patients were included. The in-hospital mortality was 9.0%, and the incidence of DIC was 17.6%. The AUC of the nomogram was 0.897 (95% CI 0.848-0.935, p < .0001) and was non-inferior to SOFA and APACHE II scores but superior to SIRS score, which were widely-used score systems of disease severity. The nomogram contributed to the adverse outcome prediction of EHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghui Wu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Qian
- Graduate school, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songbin He
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Huizhou First People's Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Xuezhi Shi
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ronglin Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huaisheng Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - LuLu Wang
- Shenzhen Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fanfan Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiale Yang
- Graduate school, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Na Peng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huasheng Tong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
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Wootton E, Grossmann M, Warren AM. Dysnatremia in a changing climate: A global systematic review of the association between serum sodium and ambient temperature. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2024; 100:527-541. [PMID: 38634410 DOI: 10.1111/cen.15052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both hyponatremia and hypernatremia have been reported to occur more frequently with higher ambient temperatures, although the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Global temperatures are rising due to climate change, which may impact the incidence of dysnatremia worldwide. We aimed to identify, collate and critically appraise studies analyzing the relationship between climate measures (outdoor temperature, humidity) and serum sodium concentrations. DESIGN Systematic review, reported in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. METHODS MEDLINE and Embase were searched with relevant key terms. Studies assessing the effect on serum sodium measurement of elevated temperature or humidity versus a comparator were included. RESULTS Of 1466 potentially relevant studies, 34 met inclusion criteria, originating from 23 countries spanning all inhabited continents. The majority (30 of 34, 88%) reported a significant association between outdoor temperature and dysnatremia, predominantly lower serum sodium with increased ambient temperature. Humidity had a less consistent effect. Individuals aged above 65 years, children, those taking diuretics and antidepressants, those with chronic renal impairment or those undertaking physical exertion had increased vulnerability to heat-associated dysnatremia. The risk of bias was assessed to be high in all but four studies. CONCLUSIONS Higher ambient temperature is consistently associated with an increased incidence of hyponatremia. We infer that hyponatremia presentations are likely to rise with increasing global temperatures and the frequency of extreme heat events secondary to climate change. Evidence-based public health messages, clinician education and reduction in fossil fuel consumption are necessary to reduce the expected burden on healthcare services worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathis Grossmann
- Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Annabelle M Warren
- Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Thompson CL, Hermann EA. Behavioral thermoregulation in primates: A review of literature and future avenues. Am J Primatol 2024; 86:e23614. [PMID: 38433290 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Primates face severe challenges from climate change, with warming expected to increase animals' thermoregulatory demands. Primates have limited long-term options to cope with climate change, but possess a remarkable capacity for behavioral plasticity. This creates an urgency to better understand the behavioral mechanisms primates use to thermoregulate. While considerable information exists on primate behavioral thermoregulation, it is often scattered in the literature in a manner that is difficult to integrate. This review evaluates the status of the available literature on primate behavioral thermoregulation to facilitate future research. We surveyed peer-reviewed publications on primate thermoregulation for N = 17 behaviors across four thermoregulatory categories: activity budgeting, microhabitat use, body positioning, and evaporative cooling. We recorded data on the primate taxa evaluated, support for a thermoregulatory function, thermal variable assessed, and naturalistic/manipulative study conditions. Behavioral thermoregulation was pervasive across primates, with N = 721 cases of thermoregulatory behaviors identified across N = 284 published studies. Most genera were known to utilize multiple behaviors (x ¯ = 4.5 ± 3.1 behaviors/genera). Activity budgeting behaviors were the most commonly encountered category in the literature (54.5% of cases), while evaporative cooling behaviors were the least represented (6.9% of cases). Behavioral thermoregulation studies were underrepresented for certain taxonomic groups, including lemurs, lorises, galagos, and Central/South American primates, and there were large within-taxa disparities in representation of genera. Support for a thermoregulatory function was consistently high across all behaviors, spanning both hot- and cold-avoidance strategies. This review reveals asymmetries in the current literature and avenues for future research. Increased knowledge of the impact thermoregulatory behaviors have on biologically relevant outcomes is needed to better assess primate responses to warming environments and develop early indicators of thermal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia L Thompson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan, USA
| | - Emily A Hermann
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan, USA
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Li H, Xue M, Zhang H, Zhao F, Li X, Yu S, Jiang D. A warm temperature-released negative feedback loop fine-tunes PIF4-mediated thermomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. Plant Commun 2024; 5:100833. [PMID: 38327058 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Plants can sense temperature changes and adjust their growth accordingly. In Arabidopsis, high ambient temperatures stimulate stem elongation by activating a key thermoresponsive regulator, PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4). Here, we show that warmth promotes the nighttime transcription of GI, which is necessary for the high temperature-induced transcription of TOC1. Genetic analyses suggest that GI prevents excessive thermoresponsive growth by inhibiting PIF4, with this regulatory mechanism being partially reliant on TOC1. GI transcription is repressed by ELF3 and HY5, which concurrently inhibit PIF4 expression and activity. Temperature elevation causes the deactivation or degradation of ELF3 and HY5, leading to PIF4 activation and relief of GI transcriptional repression at high temperatures. This allows PIF4 to further activate GI transcription in response to elevated temperatures. GI, in turn, inhibits PIF4, establishing a negative feedback loop that fine-tunes PIF4 activity. In addition, we demonstrate that ELF3, HY5, and PIF4 regulate GI transcription by modulating the enrichment of histone variant H2A.Z at the GI locus. Together, our findings suggest that thermal release of a negative feedback loop finely adjusts plant thermomorphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mande Xue
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huairen Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengyue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuancang Yu
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Beijing, China
| | - Danhua Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Banousse G, Normandeau E, Semeniuk C, Bernatchez L, Audet C. Parental thermal environment controls the offspring phenotype in Brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis): insights from a transcriptomic study. G3 (Bethesda) 2024; 14:jkae051. [PMID: 38478598 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkae051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Brook charr is a cold-water species which is highly sensitive to increased water temperatures, such as those associated with climate change. Environmental variation can potentially induce phenotypic changes that are inherited across generations, for instance, via epigenetic mechanisms. Here, we tested whether parental thermal regimes (intergenerational plasticity) and offspring-rearing temperatures (within-generational plasticity) modify the brain transcriptome of Brook charr progeny (fry stage). Parents were exposed to either cold or warm temperatures during final gonad maturation and their progeny were reared at 5 or 8 °C during the first stages of development. Illumina Novaseq6000 was used to sequence the brain transcriptome at the yolk sac resorption stage. The number of differentially expressed genes was very low when comparing fry reared at different temperatures (79 differentially expressed genes). In contrast, 9,050 differentially expressed genes were significantly differentially expressed between fry issued from parents exposed to either cold or warm temperatures. There was a significant downregulation of processes related to neural and synaptic activity in fry originating from the warm parental group vs fry from the cold parental one. We also observed significant upregulation of DNA methylation genes and of the most salient processes associated with compensation to warming, such as metabolism, cellular response to stress, and adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghizlane Banousse
- Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Rimouski, QC, Canada G5L 2Z9
| | - Eric Normandeau
- Plateforme de bio-informatique de l'IBIS (Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Christina Semeniuk
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research (GLIER), University of Windsor, Windsor, Ont, Canada N9C 1A2
| | - Louis Bernatchez
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Céline Audet
- Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Rimouski, QC, Canada G5L 2Z9
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Junker JR, Cross WF, Hood JM, Benstead JP, Huryn AD, Nelson D, Ólafsson JS, Gíslason GM. Environmental warming increases the importance of high-turnover energy channels in stream food webs. Ecology 2024:e4314. [PMID: 38710667 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Warming temperatures are altering communities and trophic networks across Earth's ecosystems. While the overall influence of warming on food webs is often context-dependent, increasing temperatures are predicted to change communities in two fundamental ways: (1) by reducing average body size and (2) by increasing individual metabolic rates. These warming-induced changes have the potential to influence the distribution of food web fluxes, food web stability, and the relative importance of deterministic and stochastic ecological processes shaping community assembly. Here, we quantified patterns and the relative distribution of organic matter fluxes through stream food webs spanning a broad natural temperature gradient (5-27°C). We then related these patterns to species and community trait distributions of mean body size and population biomass turnover (P:B) within and across streams. We predicted that (1) communities in warmer streams would exhibit smaller body size and higher P:B and (2) organic matter fluxes within warmer communities would increasingly skew toward smaller, higher P:B populations. Across the temperature gradient, warmer communities were characterized by smaller body size (~9% per °C) and higher P:B (~7% faster turnover per °C) populations on average. Additionally, organic matter fluxes within warmer streams were increasingly skewed toward higher P:B populations, demonstrating that warming can restructure organic matter fluxes in both an absolute and relative sense. With warming, the relative distribution of organic matter fluxes was decreasingly likely to arise through the random sorting of species, suggesting stronger selection for traits driving high turnover with increasing temperature. Our study suggests that a warming world will favor energy fluxes through "smaller and faster" populations, and that these changes may be more predictable than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Junker
- Department of Ecology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Wyatt F Cross
- Department of Ecology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - James M Hood
- The Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jonathan P Benstead
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Alexander D Huryn
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Daniel Nelson
- National Aquatic Monitoring Center, Department of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Jón S Ólafsson
- Marine and Freshwater Research Institute, Hafnarfjördur, Iceland
| | - Gísli M Gíslason
- University of Iceland, Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, Reykjavík, Iceland
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12
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Popa A, Popa I, Badea O, Bosela M. Non-linear response of Norway spruce to climate variation along elevational and age gradients in the Carpathians. Environ Res 2024:119073. [PMID: 38710428 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Climate change, namely increased warming coupled with a rise in extreme events (e.g., droughts, storms, heatwaves), is negatively affecting forest ecosystems worldwide. In these ecosystems, growth dynamics and biomass accumulation are driven mainly by environmental constraints, inter-tree competition, and disturbance regimes. Usually, climate-growth relationships are assessed by linear correlation due to the simplicity and straightforwardness of modeling. However, applying this method may bias results, since the ecological and physiological responses of trees to environmental factors are non-linear, and usually bell-shaped. In the Eastern Carpathian, Norway spruce is at the southeasternmost edge of its natural occurrence; this region is thus potentially vulnerable to climate change. A non-linear assessment of climate-growth relationships using machine-learning techniques for Norway spruce in this area had not been conducted prior to this study. To address this knowledge gap, we analyzed a large tree-ring network from 158 stands, with over 3,000 trees of varying age distributed along an elevational gradient. Our results showed that non-linearity in the growth-climate response of spruce was season-specific: temperatures from the previous autumn and current growing season, along with water availability during winter, induced a bell-shaped response. Moreover, we found that at low elevations, spruce growth was mainly limited by water availability in the growing season, while winter temperatures are likely to have had a slight influence along the entire elevational gradient. Furthermore, at elevations lower than 1400 m, spruce trees were also found to be sensitive to previous autumn water availability. Overall, our results shed new light on the response of Norway spruce to climate in the Carpathians, which may aid in management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Popa
- National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry 'Marin Dracea', Bucharest, Romania; Faculty of Silviculture and Forest Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
| | - Ionel Popa
- National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry 'Marin Dracea', Bucharest, Romania; Center for Mountain Economy (CE-MONT), Vatra Dornei, Romania.
| | - Ovidiu Badea
- National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry 'Marin Dracea', Bucharest, Romania; Faculty of Silviculture and Forest Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
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13
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de la Merced Díaz-González C, Pérez-Bello C, De la Rosa-Hormiga M, González-Henríquez JJ, de las Mercedes Reyes-Noha M. Hospital Environmental Factors That Influence Peripheral Oxygen Saturation Measurements: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:940. [PMID: 38727497 PMCID: PMC11083166 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12090940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulse oximetry is a non-invasive, cost-effective, and generally reliable instrument measuring pulse rate and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2). However, these measurements can be affected by the patient's internal or external factors, including the type of pulse oximeter device (POD). (1) This study's objective was to identify potential environmental factors that may impact the measurements taken by three PODs. (2) Methods: A descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was designed. The patients' SpO2 levels were measured using a standard monitor and two PODs owned by the professionals. The measurements were taken on the patients' fingers. Concurrently, we evaluated the surrounding environmental conditions, encompassing temperature, humidity, illuminance, and noise. (3) Results: This study involved 288 adult participants in the sample. For each 20-decibel increment in noise, there was a reduction in SpO2 by an average of 1%, whereas for every additional degree of ambient temperature, SpO2 decreased by an average of 2% (4) Conclusions: Significant correlations between SpO2 and age, as well as with noise and ambient temperature, were observed. No significant differences between oxygen saturation and lighting or humidity were observed. This study was prospectively registered with the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Gran Canaria at the Dr. Negrín University Hospital, with protocol code 2019-247-1, and approved on 24 May 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candelaria de la Merced Díaz-González
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain; (C.P.-B.); (M.D.l.R.-H.)
| | - Cristina Pérez-Bello
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain; (C.P.-B.); (M.D.l.R.-H.)
- Hospital Insular de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Milagros De la Rosa-Hormiga
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain; (C.P.-B.); (M.D.l.R.-H.)
| | - Juan José González-Henríquez
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain;
| | - María de las Mercedes Reyes-Noha
- Continuous Training Department, Primary Care Management, Gran Canaria Health Area, 35006 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain;
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Zheng G, Song L, Xue W, Zhang Z, Zhang B. Combinatorial Quantification of Multi-Features of Coda Waves in Temperature-Affected Concrete Beams. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:2147. [PMID: 38730952 PMCID: PMC11084798 DOI: 10.3390/ma17092147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Coda waves are highly sensitive to changes in medium properties and can serve as a tool for structural health monitoring (SHM). However, high sensitivity also makes them susceptible to noise, leading to excessive dispersion of monitoring results. In this paper, a coda wave multi-feature extraction method is proposed, in which three parameters, the time shift, the time stretch, and the amplitude variation of the wave trains within the time window, are totally derived. These three parameters are each mapped to the temperature variations of concrete beams, and then combined together with their optimal weight coefficients to give a best-fitted temperature-multi-parameter relationship that has the smallest errors. Coda wave signals were collected from an ultrasonic experiment on concrete beams within an environmental temperature range of 14 °C~21 °C to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results indicate that the combination of multi-features derived from coda wave signals to quantify the medium temperature is feasible. Compared to the relationship established by a single parameter, the goodness-of-fit is improved. During identification, the method effectively reduces the dispersion of identification errors and mitigates the impact of noise interference on structural state assessment. Both the identification accuracy and stability are improved by more than 50%, and the order of magnitude of the identification accuracy is improved from 1 °C to 0.1 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China; (L.S.); (W.X.); (Z.Z.); (B.Z.)
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
| | - Linzheng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China; (L.S.); (W.X.); (Z.Z.); (B.Z.)
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
| | - Wenqi Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China; (L.S.); (W.X.); (Z.Z.); (B.Z.)
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China; (L.S.); (W.X.); (Z.Z.); (B.Z.)
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
| | - Benniu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China; (L.S.); (W.X.); (Z.Z.); (B.Z.)
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
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15
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Banu M, Krishnamurthy KS, Srinivasan V, Kandiannan K, Surendran U. Land suitability analysis for turmeric crop for humid tropical Kerala, India, under current and future climate scenarios using advanced geospatial techniques. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:4176-4188. [PMID: 38385763 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Turmeric cultivation primarily thrives in India, followed by Bangladesh, Cambodia, Thailand, China, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines. India leads globally in both area and production of turmeric. Despite this, there is a recognized gap in research regarding the impact of climate change on site suitability of turmeric. The primary objective of the present study was to evaluate both the present and future suitability of turmeric cultivation within the humid tropical region of Kerala, India, by employing advanced geospatial techniques. The research utilized meteorological data from the Indian Meteorological Department for the period of 1986-2020 as historical data and projected future data from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Four climatic scenarios of shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change AR6 model of MIROC6 for the year 2050 (SSP 1-2.6, SSP 2-4.5, SSP 3-7.0 and SSP 5-8.5) were used. RESULTS The results showed that suitable area for turmeric cultivation is declining in future scenario and this decline can be primarily attributed to fluctuations in temperature and an anticipated increase in rainfall in the year 2050. Notable changes in the spatial distribution of suitable areas over time were observed through the application of geographic information system (GIS) techniques. Importantly, as per the suitability criteria provided by ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning (ICAR-NBSS & LUP), all the districts in Kerala exhibited moderately suitable conditions for turmeric cultivation. With the GIS tools, the study identified highly suitable, moderately suitable, marginally suitable and not suitable areas of turmeric cultivation in Kerala. Presently 28% of area falls under highly suitable, 41% of area falls under moderately suitable and 11% falls under not suitable for turmeric cultivation. However, considering the projected scenarios for 2050 under the SSP framework, there will be a significant decrease in highly suitable area by 19% under SSP 5-8.5. This reduction in area will have an impact on the productivity of the crop as a result of changes in temperature and rainfall patterns. CONCLUSION The outcome of the present research suggests that the state of Kerala needs to implement suitable climate change adaptation and management strategies for sustaining the turmeric cultivation. Additionally, the present study includes a discussion on potential management strategies to address the challenges posed by changing climatic conditions for optimizing turmeric production in the region. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Banu
- KSCSTE - Centre for Water Resources Development and Management, Kozhikode, India
| | | | - V Srinivasan
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode, India
| | - K Kandiannan
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode, India
| | - U Surendran
- KSCSTE - Centre for Water Resources Development and Management, Kozhikode, India
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16
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Piper WH, Glines MR, Rose KC. Climate change-associated declines in water clarity impair feeding by common loons. Ecology 2024; 105:e4291. [PMID: 38556944 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Climate change has myriad impacts on ecosystems, but the mechanisms by which it affects individual species can be difficult to pinpoint. One strategy to discover such mechanisms is to identify a specific ecological factor related to survival or reproduction and determine how that factor is affected by climate. Here we used Landsat imagery to calculate water clarity for 127 lakes in northern Wisconsin from 1995 to 2021 and thus investigate the effect of clarity on the body condition of an aquatic visual predator, the common loon (Gavia immer). In addition, we examined rainfall and temperature as potential predictors of water clarity. Body mass tracked July water clarity strongly in loon chicks, which grow chiefly in that month, but weakly in adult males and females. Long-term mean water clarity was negatively related to chick mass but positively related to adult male mass, suggesting that loons foraging in generally clear lakes enjoy good foraging conditions in the long run but might be sensitive to perturbations in clarity during chick-rearing. Finally, chick mass was positively related to the density of docks, perhaps because angling removes large fishes and thus boosts the abundance of the small fishes on which chicks depend. Water clarity itself declined strongly from 1995 to 2021, was negatively related to July rainfall, and was positively related to July air temperature. Our findings identified both long-term and short-term water clarity as strong predictors of loon foraging efficiency, and suggest that climate change, through water clarity, impacts freshwater ecosystems profoundly. Moreover, our results identified the recent decrease in water clarity as a likely cause of population decline in common loons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter H Piper
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, California, USA
| | - Max R Glines
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Kevin C Rose
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
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17
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Barauna AA, Conte MI, Leporati JL, Quiroga LB, Sanabria EA, Fornés MW. Testosterone is closely related to Leydig cell activity, environmental factors, and androgen receptor distribution in adult male lizards of Liolaemus cuyanus (Reptilia: Liolaemidae) during the reproductive cycle. J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol 2024; 341:421-430. [PMID: 38369873 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Testosterone, the primary sex hormone in male lizards, is closely linked to Leydig cell activity (the cells where steroidogenesis occurs) throughout the reproductive cycle, but testosterone action is related to androgen receptors (ARs) distribution in the seminiferous epithelium. In temperate zones, environmental factors detected through the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, downregulate plasma testosterone, resulting in a seasonal reproductive cycle. The aim of this work is to study plasma testosterone in adult male lizards of Liolaemus cuyanus, an oviparous species, throughout its reproductive cycle and its relationship with Leydig cell histology, TotalLeydigCell/ActiveLeydigCell (TLC/ALC) ratio, environmental factors (temperature, relative humidity and solar irradiation) and ARs distribution in seminiferous epithelium. Specimens (N = 27) were captured (October to March) in a semi-arid zone (Valle de Matagusanos, San Juan, Argentina) and grouped into three relevant reproductive periods: pre-reproductive (PrR), reproductive (R), and post-reproductive (PsR). Significant differences in plasma testosterone were found among these periods, highest during R than in PsR. A significant positive correlation between plasma testosterone and TLC/ALC ratio was also observed. Plasma testosterone has a significant positive correlation only with solar irradiation, but not with the other variables. In PrR and R, ARs distribution was cytoplasmic and nuclear, shifting to only cytoplasmic in PsR. These results highlight the close correspondence between plasma testosterone, Leydig cell histology and activity, environmental factors, and ARs distribution, resulting in a synchronization that allows males of L. cuyanus to coordinate their reproductive cycle with the most favorable environmental conditions, probably for mating and birth of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Anabella Barauna
- IHEM (Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza)-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María Inés Conte
- IHEM (Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza)-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Jorge Leandro Leporati
- Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agropecuarias, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Lorena Beatriz Quiroga
- ICB, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, CONICET, Facultad de Filosofía Humanidades y Artes, San Juan, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Alfredo Sanabria
- ICB, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, CONICET, Facultad de Filosofía Humanidades y Artes, San Juan, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Miguel Walter Fornés
- IHEM (Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza)-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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Polat D, Yanmaz LE. Evaluating alternative temperature measurement sites in cats within a home environment: A comparison with rectal temperature. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1423. [PMID: 38520702 PMCID: PMC10960608 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare rectal temperature (RT) with temperatures measured in the pinna, cornea, medial canthus, gingiva, metacarpal pad and axillary region of cats in a home environment. ANIMALS STUDIED Five healthy mixed-breed cats (two females and three males) owned by a veterinarian were used. PROCEDURES All temperature measurements were conducted by the owner by using an infrared camera in the same room and initiated with the pinna, followed by the cornea, medial canthus, gingiva and metacarpal pad. Subsequently, axillary temperature (AT) and RT were recorded by a digital thermometer, respectively. The time taken for a single AT and RT measurements was recorded. RESULTS The average measurement time for RT was 17.34 ± 0.89 s, with a range of 8-32 s, whereas AT measurements took an average of 46.72 ± 1.16 s, with a range of 29-69 s. AT emerged as a superior alternative measurement site compared to others, exhibiting the lowest bias and the highest proportion of readings within the limits of clinical agreement. The mean difference between RT and AT, with 95% limits of agreement for the differences, was -0.26 (-1.13 to 0.61). CONCLUSIONS Anatomical regions were not all interchangeable with the rectum for assessing body temperature (BT), with AT recording the highest level of agreement with RT. When RT is not possible, AT could be considered as an alternative for monitoring BT in clinically healthy cats that live in a home environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dogukan Polat
- Department of SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineBurdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy UniversityBurdurTurkey
| | - Latif Emrah Yanmaz
- Department of SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineBurdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy UniversityBurdurTurkey
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19
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Thomas P, Peele EE, Yopak KE, Sulikowski JA, Kinsey ST. Lectin binding to pectoral fin of neonate little skates reared under ambient and projected-end-of-century temperature regimes. J Morphol 2024; 285:e21698. [PMID: 38669130 PMCID: PMC11064730 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The glycosylation of macromolecules can vary both among tissue structural components and by adverse conditions, potentially providing an alternative marker of stress in organisms. Lectins are proteins that bind carbohydrate moieties and lectin histochemistry is a common method to visualize microstructures in biological specimens and diagnose pathophysiological states in human tissues known to alter glycan profiles. However, this technique is not commonly used to assess broad-spectrum changes in cellular glycosylation in response to environmental stressors. In addition, the binding of various lectins has not been studied in elasmobranchs (sharks, skates, and rays). We surveyed the binding tissue structure specificity of 14 plant-derived lectins, using both immunoblotting and immunofluorescence, in the pectoral fins of neonate little skates (Leucoraja erinacea). Skates were reared under present-day or elevated (+5°C above ambient) temperature regimes and evaluated for lectin binding as an indicator of changing cellular glycosylation and tissue structure. Lectin labeling was highly tissue and microstructure specific. Dot blots revealed no significant changes in lectin binding between temperature regimes. In addition, lectins only detected in the elevated temperature treatment were Canavalia ensiformis lectin (Concanavalin A) in spindle cells of muscle and Ricinus communis agglutinin in muscle capillaries. These results provide a reference for lectin labeling in elasmobranch tissue that may aid future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton Thomas
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA
| | - Emily E. Peele
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA
| | - Kara E. Yopak
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA
| | - James A. Sulikowski
- 2030 SE Marine Science Drive, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97365, USA
| | - Stephen T. Kinsey
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA
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Ramírez Martínez J, Guillou S, Le Prieur S, Di Vittorio P, Bonal F, Taliadoros D, Gueret E, Fournier E, Stukenbrock EH, Valade R, Gladieux P. Deep population structure linked to host vernalization requirement in the barley net blotch fungal pathogen. Microb Genom 2024; 10. [PMID: 38713188 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.001241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Invasive fungal pathogens pose a substantial threat to widely cultivated crop species, owing to their capacity to adapt to new hosts and new environmental conditions. Gaining insights into the demographic history of these pathogens and unravelling the mechanisms driving coevolutionary processes are crucial for developing durably effective disease management programmes. Pyrenophora teres is a significant fungal pathogen of barley, consisting of two lineages, Ptt and Ptm, with global distributions and demographic histories reflecting barley domestication and spread. However, the factors influencing the population structure of P. teres remain poorly understood, despite the varietal and environmental heterogeneity of barley agrosystems. Here, we report on the population genomic structure of P. teres in France and globally. We used genotyping-by-sequencing to show that Ptt and Ptm can coexist in the same area in France, with Ptt predominating. Furthermore, we showed that differences in the vernalization requirement of barley varieties were associated with population differentiation within Ptt in France and at a global scale, with one population cluster found on spring barley and another population cluster found on winter barley. Our results demonstrate how cultivation conditions, possibly associated with genetic differences between host populations, can be associated with the maintenance of divergent invasive pathogen populations coexisting over large geographic areas. This study not only advances our understanding of the coevolutionary dynamics of the Pt-barley pathosystem but also prompts further research on the relative contributions of adaptation to the host versus adaptation to abiotic conditions in shaping Ptt populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Ramírez Martínez
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ. Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Sonia Guillou
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ. Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Pauline Di Vittorio
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ. Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Florelle Bonal
- UMR AGAP (Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes), Montpellier, France
| | - Demetris Taliadoros
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, August-Thienemann-Str. 2, 24306, Plön, Germany
- Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 9-11, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Elise Gueret
- MGX-Montpellier GenomiX, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Elisabeth Fournier
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ. Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Eva H Stukenbrock
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, August-Thienemann-Str. 2, 24306, Plön, Germany
- Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 9-11, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Pierre Gladieux
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ. Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
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21
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Flis Ł, Malewski T, Dobosz R. Temperature Effects on Expression Levels of hsp Genes in Eggs and Second-Stage Juveniles of Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, 1949. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4867. [PMID: 38732085 PMCID: PMC11084963 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Meloidogyne hapla is one of the most important nematode pathogens. It is a sedentary, biotrophic parasite of plants that overwinters in the soil or in diseased roots. The development of M. hapla is temperature dependent. Numerous studies have been performed on the effect of temperature on the development of M. hapla, but only a few of them analyzed the heat shock protein (hsp) genes. The aim of the study was to perform expression profiling of eight hsp genes (Mh-hsp90, Mh-hsp1, Mh-hsp4, Mh-hsp6, Mh-hsp60, Mh-dnj19, Mh-hsp43, and Mh-hsp12.2) at two development stages of M. hapla, i.e., in eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2). The eggs and J2 were incubated under cold stress (5 °C), heat stress (35 °C, 40 °C), and non-stress (10 °C, 20 °C, and 30 °C) conditions. Expression profiling was performed by qPCR. It was demonstrated that only two genes, Mh-hsp60 and Mh-dnj19, have been upregulated by heat and cold stress at both development stages. Heat stress upregulated the expression of more hsp genes than cold stress did. The level of upregulation of most hsp genes was more marked in J2 than in eggs. The obtained results suggest that the Mh-hsp90 and Mh-hsp1 genes can be used as bioindicators of environmental impacts on nematodes of the Meloidogyne genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Flis
- Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Tadeusz Malewski
- Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Renata Dobosz
- Department of Entomology and Animal Pests, Institute of Plant Protection-National Research Institute, Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznan, Poland;
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22
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Ghislain M, Bonnet T, Godeau U, Dehorter O, Gimenez O, Henry PY. Synchrony in adult survival is remarkably strong among common temperate songbirds across France. Ecology 2024:e4305. [PMID: 38679955 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Synchronous variation in demographic parameters across species increases the risk of simultaneous local extinction, which lowers the probability of subsequent recolonization. Synchrony therefore tends to destabilize meta-populations and meta-communities. Quantifying interspecific synchrony in demographic parameters, like abundance, survival, or reproduction, is thus a way to indirectly assess the stability of meta-populations and meta-communities. Moreover, it is particularly informative to identify environmental drivers of interspecific synchrony because those drivers are important across species. Using a Bayesian hierarchical multisite multispecies mark-recapture model, we investigated temporal interspecific synchrony in annual adult apparent survival for 16 common songbird species across France for the period 2001-2016. Annual adult survival was largely synchronous among species (73%, 95% credible interval [47%-94%] of the variation among years was common to all species), despite species differing in ecological niche and life history. This result was robust to different model formulations, uneven species sample sizes, and removing the long-term trend in survival. Synchrony was also shared across migratory strategies, which suggests that environmental forcing during the 4-month temperate breeding season has a large-scale, interspecific impact on songbird survival. However, the strong interspecific synchrony was not easily explained by a set of candidate weather variables we defined a priori. Spring weather variables explained only 1.4% [0.01%-5.5%] of synchrony, while the contribution of large-scale winter weather indices may have been stronger but uncertain, accounting for 12% [0.3%-37%] of synchrony. Future research could jointly model interspecific variation and covariation in breeding success, age-dependent survival, and age-dependent dispersal to understand when interspecific synchrony in abundance emerges and destabilizes meta-communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Ghislain
- Mécanismes adaptatifs et évolution (MECADEV UMR 7179), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Brunoy, France
- Centre de Recherches sur la Biologie des Populations d'Oiseaux (CRBPO), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO UMR 7204), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, CP135, Paris, France
- PatriNat (OFB-MNHN-CNRS-IRD), Centre d'expertise et de données sur le patrimoine naturel, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Timothée Bonnet
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, ANU College of Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC UMR 7372), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Ugoline Godeau
- Mécanismes adaptatifs et évolution (MECADEV UMR 7179), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Brunoy, France
- Centre de Recherches sur la Biologie des Populations d'Oiseaux (CRBPO), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO UMR 7204), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, CP135, Paris, France
- Institut national de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l'Environnement et l'Agriculture, Ecosystèmes Forestiers (UR EFNO), Domaine des Barres, Nogent-Sur-Vernisson, France
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Avignon, France
| | - Olivier Dehorter
- Centre de Recherches sur la Biologie des Populations d'Oiseaux (CRBPO), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO UMR 7204), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, CP135, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Gimenez
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE UMR 5175), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Études, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Henry
- Mécanismes adaptatifs et évolution (MECADEV UMR 7179), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Brunoy, France
- Centre de Recherches sur la Biologie des Populations d'Oiseaux (CRBPO), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO UMR 7204), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, CP135, Paris, France
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23
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Liu Y, Jiang T. Effects of Temperature, Ionic Strength and Humic Acid on the Transport of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles in Geosynthetic Clay Liner. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:2082. [PMID: 38730889 PMCID: PMC11084219 DOI: 10.3390/ma17092082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
With the wide application of graphene oxide nanoparticles (GONPs), a great amount of GONP waste is discarded and concentrated in landfills. It has been proven that GONPs have strong toxicity and could gather toxic substances due to their high adsorption capacity. GONPs will seriously pollute the surrounding environment if they leak through the geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) in landfills. To investigate various factors (temperature, ionic strength (IS) and humic acid (HA)) on the transport and retention of GONPs in the GCL, a self-designed apparatus was created and column tests were carried out. The experimental results show that GONPs could be transported through the GCL. The mobility and sorption ratio of GONPs in GCL decreased with an increase in temperature and IS, and increased with an increase in HA. The temperature had little effect on the deposition ratio of GONPs in the GCL. The deposition ratio of GONPs in the GCL increased with IS, and decreased with an increase in HA. The transport of GONPs in GCL, glass beads and quartz sand was compared, and the results show that the retention ability of the GCL is much better than other porous materials. The experimental results could provide significant references for the pollution treatment in landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohui Liu
- School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;
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24
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Gui H, Hu X, Liu H, Zhang C, Li Q, Hu J, Chen J, Gou Y, Shuang Y, Zhang P. Research on the Solid-Liquid Composite Casting Process of Incoloy825/P110 Steel Composite Pipe. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1976. [PMID: 38730782 PMCID: PMC11084185 DOI: 10.3390/ma17091976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Bimetallic composites have a wide range of application prospects in various industries. Different bonding temperatures, as one of the influencing factors, directly affect the bonding effectiveness as well as the performance and application of the materials. Using metallurgical bonding techniques ensures a strong bond at the interface of bimetallic materials, resulting in high-quality composite pipe billets. This paper describes an Incoloy825/P110 steel bimetal composite material made by the solid-liquid composite method. By utilizing ProCAST 14.5 software for simulation and deriving theoretical formulas, an initial range of temperatures for bimetallic preparation has been tentatively determined. And this temperature range will be utilized for on-site experiments to prepare bimetallic samples. After the preparation process is completed, samples will be selected. The influence of the external mold temperature on the interface bonding of Incoloy825/P110 steel solid-liquid composite material is studied using an ultra-depth three-dimensional morphology microscope and a scanning electron microscope. Through research, the optimal preheating temperature range for the solid-liquid composite outer mold of Incoloy825/P110 bimetallic composite material has been determined. The casting temperature of the inner mold has a significant impact on the interface bonding of this bimetal composite material. As the casting temperature of the inner mold increases, the interface thickness gradually increases. At lower temperatures, the interface thickness is lower and the bonding is poorer. At higher temperatures, melting may occur, leading to coarse grains at the interface. When the temperatures of the inner and outer molds are within a certain range, a new phase appears at the interface. Indeed, it increases the strength of the interface bonding. Due to co-melting of the bimetal near the interface, element migration occurs, resulting in increased Ni and Cr content at the interface and enhanced corrosion resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailian Gui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Sciences and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (H.G.); (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.Z.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (Y.S.)
| | - Xiaotong Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Sciences and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (H.G.); (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.Z.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (Y.S.)
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Sciences and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (H.G.); (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.Z.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (Y.S.)
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Sciences and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (H.G.); (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.Z.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (Y.S.)
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Intelligent Manufacturing, Shanxi Vocational University of Engineering Science and Technology, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Jianhua Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Sciences and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (H.G.); (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.Z.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (Y.S.)
| | - Jianxun Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Sciences and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (H.G.); (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.Z.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yujun Gou
- Department of Transportation and Logistics, Taiyuan University of Sciences and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;
| | - Yuanhua Shuang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Sciences and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (H.G.); (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.Z.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (Y.S.)
| | - Pengyue Zhang
- Shanxi Steel Heli New Material Technology Company Limited, Taiyuan 030021, China;
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25
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Kushnir CSE, Robinson CE. Effect of temperature on the dissolution of the lead (II) carbonate hydrocerussite for varying pH and dissolved inorganic carbon conditions. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38655590 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2024.2340388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The effect of temperature on the solubility of lead-bearing solid phases in water distribution systems for different water chemistry conditions remains unclear although lead concentrations are known to vary seasonally. The study objective is to explore the effect of temperature on the solubility of the lead(II) carbonate hydrocerussite under varying pH and DIC conditions. This is achieved through batch dissolution experiments conducted at multiple pHs (6-10) and DIC concentrations (20-200 mg CL-1) at temperatures ranging from 5 to 40 °C. A thermodynamic model was also applied to evaluate the model's ability to predict temperature effects on lead(II) carbonate solubility including solid phase transformations. In general, increasing temperature increased total dissolved lead at high pHs and the effect of temperature was greater for high DIC conditions, particularly for pH > 8. Temperature also influenced the pH at which the dominant lead(II) solid phase switched from hydrocerussite to cerussite (occurred between pH 7.25 to 10). Finally, the model was able to capture the overall trends observed despite thermodynamic data limitations. While this study focuses on a simple lead solid-aqueous system, findings provide important insights regarding the way in which temperature and water chemistry interact to affect lead concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S E Kushnir
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - C E Robinson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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26
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Yan C, Hu H, Li Z, Zeng L, Pei R. Performance Study of High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Amorphous Alloy Considering Temperature Effect. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1928. [PMID: 38673285 PMCID: PMC11051842 DOI: 10.3390/ma17081928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Because the magnetic properties of an amorphous alloy (AA) obviously change with the change of temperature, a finite element simulation method for a motor, considering the effect of temperature, is proposed in this paper. In the early design stage of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the simulation of motor performance is mainly based on the magnetic performance test data at room temperature provided by the material's manufacturer. However, the influence of the temperature rise during the actual operation of the motor will lead to large errors between the simulation results and the measured results. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to measure the magnetic properties of the AA at different temperatures and use them for simulation purposes. In this paper, the magnetization characteristics and iron loss characteristics of the AA and silicon steel (ST100) used for comparison are measured at different temperatures, and the iron loss separation of the two materials at different temperatures is completed, and the hysteresis loss coefficient and eddy current loss coefficient at different temperatures are obtained. On this basis, the performance simulation of a motor model is carried out. The more accurate simulation method proposed in this paper can provide a reference for the design of AA motors in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhao Yan
- Department of Electric Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110178, China; (C.Y.)
| | - Haiyang Hu
- Department of Electric Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110178, China; (C.Y.)
| | - Zhiye Li
- Department of Electric Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110178, China; (C.Y.)
| | - Lubin Zeng
- Suzhou Inn-Mag New Energy Ltd., Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Ruilin Pei
- Department of Electric Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110178, China; (C.Y.)
- Suzhou Inn-Mag New Energy Ltd., Suzhou 215000, China
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27
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Sioutas G, Gelasakis AI, Papadopoulos E. Spatial Distribution of Dermanyssus gallinae Infestations in Greece and Their Association with Ambient Temperature, Humidity, and Altitude. Pathogens 2024; 13:347. [PMID: 38668302 PMCID: PMC11053509 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13040347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Dermanyssus gallinae, the poultry red mite (PRM), is the most prevalent and harmful ectoparasite of laying hens globally. Although prevalence and risk factor studies can help veterinarians make decisions regarding farm treatments, relevant data are scarce. The present study investigated the prevalence and infestation severity of PRM in poultry farms across Greece and examined potential risk factors. AviVet traps were used to sample 84 farms (51 backyard, 33 industrial) over three years. Farm altitude, temperature, humidity, region, and production systems were assessed as potential risk factors with chi-square tests, initially for all the studied farms and then exclusively for backyard farms. The overall prevalence was 75.0% and was higher in backyard farms (80.4%) compared with industrial ones (66.7%), varying regionally from 66.7 to 90.9%. Altitude and temperature were not significant risk factors, but farms with humidity <60% had a lower infestation risk. Infestation severity did not significantly differ by risk factors. The poultry red mite is highly prevalent across Greek poultry production systems and regions. In the future, global warming, reduced acaricide options, and a ban on cage systems will all threaten a wider spatio-temporal distribution of the PRM, justifying the urgent need for effective monitoring and control methods to protect hen production and welfare and workers' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Sioutas
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Athanasios I. Gelasakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Elias Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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Celis-Seposo AK, Madaniyazi L, Seposo X, Hashizume M, Yoshida LM, Toizumi M. Incidence and seasonality of Kawasaki disease in children in the Philippines, and its association with ambient air temperature. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1358638. [PMID: 38711494 PMCID: PMC11070490 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1358638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite an unknown cause, Kawasaki disease (KD) is currently the primary leading cause of acquired heart disease in developed countries in children and has been increasing in recent years. Research efforts have explored environmental factors related to KD, but they are still unclear especially in the tropics. We aimed to describe the incidence of KD in children, assess its seasonality, and determine its association with ambient air temperature in the National Capital Region (NCR), Philippines from January 2009 to December 2019. Methods Monthly number of KD cases from the Philippine Pediatric Society (PPS) disease registry was collected to determine the incidence of KD. A generalized linear model (GLM) with quasi-Poisson regression was utilized to assess the seasonality of KD and determine its association with ambient air temperature after adjusting for the relevant confounders. Results The majority of KD cases (68.52%) occurred in children less than five years old, with incidence rates ranging from 14.98 to 23.20 cases per 100,000 population, and a male-to-female ratio of 1.43:1. Seasonal variation followed a unimodal shape with a rate ratio of 1.13 from the average, peaking in March and reaching the lowest in September. After adjusting for seasonality and long-term trend, every one-degree Celsius increase in the monthly mean temperature significantly increased the risk of developing KD by 8.28% (95% CI: 2.12%, 14.80%). Season-specific analysis revealed a positive association during the dry season (RR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.11), whereas no evidence of association was found during the wet season (RR: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.95, 1.27). Conclusion We have presented the incidence of KD in the Philippines which is relatively varied from its neighboring countries. The unimodal seasonality of KD and its linear association with temperature, independent of season and secular trend, especially during dry season, may provide insights into its etiology and may support enhanced KD detection efforts in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lina Madaniyazi
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Xerxes Seposo
- Department of Hygiene, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
- Ateneo Center for Research and Innovation, Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health, Ateneo de Manila University, Pasig, Philippines
| | - Masahiro Hashizume
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lay Myint Yoshida
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Michiko Toizumi
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Jiang LL, Li ZG, Wang DY, Zhai JJ, Kong XX. Theoretical Analysis of Thermophysical Properties of 3D Carbon/Epoxy Braided Composites with Varying Temperature. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1166. [PMID: 38675085 PMCID: PMC11053961 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A three-dimensional helix geometry unit cell is established to simulate the complex spatial configuration of 3D braided composites. Initially, different types of yarn factors, such as yarn path, cross-sectional shape, properties, and braid direction, are explained. Then, the multiphase finite element method is used to develop a new theoretical calculation procedure based on the unit cell for predicting the impacts of environmental temperature on the thermophysical properties of 3D four-direction carbon/epoxy braided composites. The changing rule and distribution characteristics of the thermophysical properties for 3D four-direction carbon/epoxy braided composites are obtained at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 200 °C. The influences of environmental temperature on the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) and the coefficients of thermal conduction (CTC) are evaluated, by which some important conclusions are drawn. A comparison is conducted between theoretical and experimental results, revealing that variations in temperature exert a notable influence on the thermophysical characteristics of 3D four-directional carbon/epoxy braided composites. The theoretical calculation procedure is an effective tool for the mechanical property analysis of composite materials with complex geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Jiang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xiamen City University, Xiamen 361008, China; (L.-L.J.); (Z.-G.L.); (D.-Y.W.)
| | - Zhen-Guo Li
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xiamen City University, Xiamen 361008, China; (L.-L.J.); (Z.-G.L.); (D.-Y.W.)
| | - Dong-Ye Wang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xiamen City University, Xiamen 361008, China; (L.-L.J.); (Z.-G.L.); (D.-Y.W.)
| | - Jun-Jun Zhai
- College of Aeronautics and Astronautics, North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering, Langfang 065000, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Trans-Media Aerial Underwater Vehicle, North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering, Langfang 065000, China
| | - Xiang-Xia Kong
- Department of Material Engineering, North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering, Langfang 065000, China;
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30
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Feng Y, Xia Y, Fan B, Li S, Zhang Z, Fang J. Global trends and performances of infrared imaging technology studies on acupuncture: a bibliometric analysis. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1387752. [PMID: 38707590 PMCID: PMC11066257 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1387752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To summarize development processes and research hotspots of infrared imaging technology research on acupuncture and to provide new insights for researchers in future studies. Methods Publications regarding infrared imaging technology in acupuncture from 2008 to 2023 were downloaded from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). VOSviewer 1.6.19, CiteSpace 6.2.R4, Scimago Graphica, and Microsoft Excel software were used for bibliometric analyses. The main analyses include collaboration analyses between countries, institutions, authors, and journals, as well as analyses on keywords and references. Results A total of 346 publications were retrieved from 2008 to 2023. The quantity of yearly publications increased steadily, with some fluctuations over the past 15 years. "Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine" and "American Journal of Chinese Medicine" were the top-cited journals in frequency and centrality. China has the largest number of publications, with the Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine being the most prolific institution. Among authors, Litscher Gerhard from Austria (currently Swiss University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Switzerland) in Europe, was the most published and most cited author. The article published by Rojas RF was the most discussed among the cited references. Common keywords included "Acupuncture," "Near infrared spectroscopy," and "Temperature," among others. Explore the relationship between acupoints and temperature through infrared thermography technology (IRT), evaluate pain objectively by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and explore acupuncture for functional connectivity between brain regions were the hotspots and frontier trends in this field. Conclusion This study is the first to use bibliometric methods to explore the hotspots and cutting-edge issues in the application of infrared imaging technology in the field of acupuncture. It offers a fresh perspective on infrared imaging technology research on acupuncture and gives scholars useful data to determine the field's hotspots, present state of affairs, and frontier trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Feng
- The Third Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunfan Xia
- The Third Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Binke Fan
- The Third Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shimin Li
- The Third People’s Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zuyong Zhang
- The Third People’s Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiao Fang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Zhong KX, Chan AM, Collicutt B, Daspe M, Finke JF, Foss M, Green TJ, Harley CDG, Hesketh AV, Miller KM, Otto SP, Rolheiser K, Saunders R, Sutherland BJG, Suttle CA. The prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbiome of Pacific oyster spat is shaped by ocean warming but not acidification. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0005224. [PMID: 38466091 PMCID: PMC11022565 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00052-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pacific oysters (Magallana gigas, a.k.a. Crassostrea gigas), the most widely farmed oysters, are under threat from climate change and emerging pathogens. In part, their resilience may be affected by their microbiome, which, in turn, may be influenced by ocean warming and acidification. To understand these impacts, we exposed early-development Pacific oyster spat to different temperatures (18°C and 24°C) and pCO2 levels (800, 1,600, and 2,800 µatm) in a fully crossed design for 3 weeks. Under all conditions, the microbiome changed over time, with a large decrease in the relative abundance of potentially pathogenic ciliates (Uronema marinum) in all treatments with time. The microbiome composition differed significantly with temperature, but not acidification, indicating that Pacific oyster spat microbiomes can be altered by ocean warming but is resilient to ocean acidification in our experiments. Microbial taxa differed in relative abundance with temperature, implying different adaptive strategies and ecological specializations among microorganisms. Additionally, a small proportion (~0.2% of the total taxa) of the relatively abundant microbial taxa were core constituents (>50% occurrence among samples) across different temperatures, pCO2 levels, or time. Some taxa, including A4b bacteria and members of the family Saprospiraceae in the phyla Chloroflexi (syn. Chloroflexota) and Bacteroidetes (syn. Bacteroidota), respectively, as well as protists in the genera Labyrinthula and Aplanochytrium in the class Labyrinthulomycetes, and Pseudoperkinsus tapetis in the class Ichthyosporea were core constituents across temperatures, pCO2 levels, and time, suggesting that they play an important, albeit unknown, role in maintaining the structural and functional stability of the Pacific oyster spat microbiome in response to ocean warming and acidification. These findings highlight the flexibility of the spat microbiome to environmental changes.IMPORTANCEPacific oysters are the most economically important and widely farmed species of oyster, and their production depends on healthy oyster spat. In turn, spat health and productivity are affected by the associated microbiota; yet, studies have not scrutinized the effects of temperature and pCO2 on the prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbiomes of spat. Here, we show that both the prokaryotic and, for the first time, eukaryotic microbiome of Pacific oyster spat are surprisingly resilient to changes in acidification, but sensitive to ocean warming. The findings have potential implications for oyster survival amid climate change and underscore the need to understand temperature and pCO2 effects on the microbiome and the cascading effects on oyster health and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Xu Zhong
- Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amy M. Chan
- Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Maxim Daspe
- Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jan F. Finke
- Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Megan Foss
- Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Timothy J. Green
- Centre for Shellfish Research, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher D. G. Harley
- Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amelia V. Hesketh
- Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kristina M. Miller
- Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah P. Otto
- Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - Ben J. G. Sutherland
- Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Curtis A. Suttle
- Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Botany, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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32
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Wu S, Lu J, Li C, Du H, Xu Y. Pediococcus spp. -mediated competition interaction within Daqu microbiota determines the temperature formation and metabolic profiles. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0179023. [PMID: 38506521 PMCID: PMC11022566 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01790-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Fermented microbiota is critical to the formation of microenvironment and metabolic profiles in spontaneous fermentation. Microorganisms generate a diverse array of metabolites concurrent with the release of heat energy. In the case of Daqu fermentation, the peak temperature exceeded 60°C, forming a typical high-temperature fermentation system known as high-temperature Daqu. However, microorganisms that cause the quality variation in Daqu and how they affect the functional microbiota and microenvironment in the fermentation process are not yet clear. This study adopted high-throughput sequencing and monitored the dynamic fluctuations of metabolites and environmental factors to identify the pivotal microorganism responsible for the alterations in interaction patterns of functional keystone taxa and quality decline in the fermentation system of different operational areas during the in situ fermentation process that had been mainly attributed to operational taxonomic unit (OTU)_22 (Pediococcus acidilactici). Additionally, we used isothermal microcalorimetry, plate inhibition experiments, and in vitro simulation fermentation experiments to explore the impact of Pediococcus spp. on heat generation, microorganisms, and metabolite profiles. Results showed the heat peak generated by Pediococcus spp. was significantly lower than that of Bacillus spp., filamentous fungi, and yeast. In addition, the preferential growth of P. acidilactici strain AA3 would obviously affect other strains to colonize through competition, and its metabolites made a significant impact on filamentous fungi. The addition of P. acidilactici strain AA3 in simulated fermentation would cause the loss of pyrazines and acids in metabolites. These evidences showed that the overgrowth of Pediococcus spp. greatly influenced the formation of high temperatures and compounds in solid-state fermentation systems. Our work illustrated the vital impact of interaction variability mediated by Pediococcus spp. for microbial assembly and metabolites, as well as in forming temperature. These results emphasized the functional role of Daqu microbiota in metabolites and heat production and the importance of cooperation in improving the fermentation quality.IMPORTANCEThe stable and high-quality saccharifying and fermenting starter in traditional solid-state fermentation was the prerequisite for liquor brewing. An imbalance of microbial homeostasis in fermentation can adversely impact production quality. Identification of such critical microorganisms and verifying their associations with other fermentation parameters pose a challenge in a traditional fermentation environment. To enhance the quality of spontaneous fermented products, strategies such as bioaugmentation or the control of harmful microorganisms would be employed. This work started with the differences in high-temperature Daqu metabolites to explore a series of functional microorganisms that could potentially contribute to product disparities, and found that the differences in interactions facilitated directly or indirectly by Pediococcus spp. seriously affected the development of microbial communities and metabolites, as well as the formation of the microenvironment. This study not only identified functional microbiota in Daqu that affected fermentation quality, but also demonstrated how microorganisms interact to affect the fermentation system, which would provide guidance for microbial supervision in the actual production process. Besides, the application of isothermal microcalorimetry in this study was helpful for us to understand the heat production capacity of microorganisms and their adaptability to the environment. This study presented a commendable framework for improving and controlling the quality of traditional fermentation and inspired further investigations in similar systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglu Wu
- Lab of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Guizhou Guotai Liquor Group Co. Ltd., Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Changwen Li
- Guizhou Guotai Liquor Group Co. Ltd., Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Hai Du
- Lab of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Lab of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Greenrod STE, Cazares D, Johnson S, Hector TE, Stevens EJ, MacLean RC, King KC. Warming alters life-history traits and competition in a phage community. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024:e0028624. [PMID: 38624196 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00286-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Host-parasite interactions are highly susceptible to changes in temperature due to mismatches in species thermal responses. In nature, parasites often exist in communities, and responses to temperature are expected to vary between host-parasite pairs. Temperature change thus has consequences for both host-parasite dynamics and parasite-parasite interactions. Here, we investigate the impact of warming (37°C, 40°C, and 42°C) on parasite life-history traits and competition using the opportunistic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa (host) and a panel of three genetically diverse lytic bacteriophages (parasites). We show that phages vary in their responses to temperature. While 37°C and 40°C did not have a major effect on phage infectivity, infection by two phages was restricted at 42°C. This outcome was attributed to disruption of different phage life-history traits including host attachment and replication inside hosts. Furthermore, we show that temperature mediates competition between phages by altering their competitiveness. These results highlight phage trait variation across thermal regimes with the potential to drive community dynamics. Our results have important implications for eukaryotic viromes and the design of phage cocktail therapies.IMPORTANCEMammalian hosts often elevate their body temperatures through fevers to restrict the growth of bacterial infections. However, the extent to which fever temperatures affect the communities of phages with the ability to parasitize those bacteria remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the impact of warming across a fever temperature range (37°C, 40°C, and 42°C) on phage life-history traits and competition using a bacterium (host) and bacteriophage (parasite) system. We show that phages vary in their responses to temperature due to disruption of different phage life-history traits. Furthermore, we show that temperature can alter phage competitiveness and shape phage-phage competition outcomes. These results suggest that fever temperatures have the potential to restrict phage infectivity and drive phage community dynamics. We discuss implications for the role of temperature in shaping host-parasite interactions more widely.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Cazares
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Serena Johnson
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Tobias E Hector
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Emily J Stevens
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - R Craig MacLean
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kayla C King
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Petersen M, Braun A, Franzen R. Thermal Effects on Dental Pulp during Laser-Assisted Bleaching Procedures with Diode Lasers in a Clinical Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2301. [PMID: 38673574 PMCID: PMC11050821 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In the current cosmetics industry, bleaching is often associated with lasers. However, such treatment also harbors risks. Tooth death is observed at pulpal temperature increases ≥5.6 °C. Therefore, it seems important to investigate the effects of using different lasers. The aim of this study was to determine pulpal temperature increases at different laser parameters during bleaching by modeling a realistic environment and to compare the temperature recording using a thermocouple and thermal camera. The authors assumed that there are laser settings for the lasers used at which the pulpal temperature increases are <5.6 °C and that the temperature recordings with thermocouples and thermal cameras differ only minimally. Methods Human teeth were used, which were extracted for dental reasons. During experiment, teeth were bleached conventionally and by laser activation at 940 nm, 445 nm, and 970 nm. The temperature in the pulp was recorded using thermocouples. In a second setup, longitudinally halved teeth were bleached, while the temperature in the pulp was recorded with a thermocouple and thermal camera. Descriptive statistics were used. The significance level is 0.05. Results In addition to conventional bleaching, temperature increases <5.6 °C were observed for bleaching at 940 nm 1.5 W, at 445 nm 0.3 W, and at 970 nm 0.5 W. For bleaching procedures using 940 nm 7 W, 940 nm 2 W, 445 nm 0.5 W, and 970 nm 1 W, the temperature increase was ≥5.6 °C. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in the maximum temperature increases (°C) between all groups. Temperature recordings using a thermocouple and thermal camera differed by about 2.3 °C. The working hypotheses were confirmed. Conclusion With laser bleaching, attention must be paid to the type of laser, its power, and the time in order to avoid excessive overheating of the dental pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Braun
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.P.); (R.F.)
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York JM, Taylor TN, LaPotin S, Lu Y, Mueller U. Hymenopteran-specific TRPA channel from the Texas leaf cutter ant (Atta texana) is heat and cold activated and expression correlates with environmental temperature. Insect Sci 2024. [PMID: 38605428 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Leaf cutting ants of the genus Atta cultivate fungal gardens, carefully modifying environmental conditions to maintain optimal temperature for fungal growth. Antennal nerves from Atta are highly temperature sensitive, but the underlying molecular sensor is unknown. Here, we utilize Atta texana (Texas leaf cutter ant) to investigate the molecular basis of ant temperature sensation and how it might have evolved as the range expanded northeast across Texas from ancestral populations in Mexico. We focus on transient receptor potential (TRP) channel genes, the best characterized temperature sensor proteins in animals. Atta texana antennae express 6 of 13 Hymenopteran TRP channel genes and sequences are under a mix of relaxed and intensified selection. In a behavioral assay, we find A. texana workers prefer 24 °C (range 21-26 °C) for fungal growth. There was no evidence of regulatory evolution across a temperature transect in Texas, but instead Hymenoptera-specific TRPA (HsTRPA) expression highly correlated with ambient temperature. When expressed in vitro, HsTRPA from A. texana is temperature activated with Q10 values exceeding 100 on initial exposure to temperatures above 33 °C. Surprisingly, HsTRPA also appears to be activated by cooling, and therefore to our knowledge, the first non-TRPA1 ortholog to be described with dual heat/cold activation and the first in any invertebrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M York
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Behavior, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
- Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
| | - Timothy N Taylor
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
| | - Sarah LaPotin
- Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
- Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
| | - Ulrich Mueller
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
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Di W, Yu J, Zong D, Ge Y, Zhang Y, Chen X, He X. Effects of ambient temperature, relative humidity and absolute humidity on risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China. Int J Cancer 2024. [PMID: 38598851 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has a unique geographic distribution. It is unknown whether meteorological factors are related to the incidence of NPC. To investigate the effect of ambient temperature, relative humidity (RH), and absolute humidity (AH) on the incidence of NPC, we collected the incidence rate of NPC in 2016 and meteorological data from 2006 to 2016 from 484 cities and counties across 31 provinces in China. Generalized additive models with quasi-Poisson regression and generalized linear models with natural cubic splines were employed respectively to elucidate the nonlinear relationships and specify the partial linear relationships. Subgroup and interactive analysis were also conducted. Temperature (R2 = 0.68, p < .001), RH (R2 = 0.47, p < .001), and AH (R2 = 0.70, p < .001) exhibited nonlinear correlations with NPC incidence rate. The risk of NPC incidence increased by 20.3% (95% confidence intervals [CI]: [18.9%, 21.7%]) per 1°C increase in temperature, by 6.3% (95% CI: [5.3%, 7.2%]) per 1% increase in RH, and by 32.2% (95% CI: [30.7%, 33.7%]) per 1 g/m3 increase in AH, between their the 25th and the 99th percentiles. In addition, the combination of low temperature and low RH was also related to increased risk (relative risk: 1.60, 95% CI: [1.18, 2.17]). Males and eastern or rural populations tended to be more vulnerable. In summary, this study suggests that ambient temperature, RH, and particularly AH are associated with the risk of NPC incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Di
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiamin Yu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Zong
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yizhi Ge
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Health Statistics, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Pokhrel D, Thames HT, Fugate H, Dinh T, Schilling W, White S, Ramachandran R, Sukumaran AT, Zhang L. Increase in temperature facilitates Campylobacter jejuni biofilm formation under both aerobic and microaerobic incubation. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103753. [PMID: 38652947 PMCID: PMC11063496 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The formation of Campylobacter jeuni biofilms on processing surfaces is a significant concern in poultry processing, contributing to food safety risks. This study focused on assessing the biofilm forming capabilities of 12 field isolates of C. jejuni of different aerotolerance categories on stainless steel surfaces, a prevalent material in poultry processing environments. Working cultures of each isolate were prepared to approximately 6 log CFU/mL and incubated on stainless steel coupons under microaerobic or aerobic conditions at room temperature or 42°C for 72 h. Biofilm attached cells were enumerated using direct plating and biofilm density was measured using a crystal violet assay by measuring the optical density (OD600) a. Data analysis was conducted using the PROC GLIMMIX procedure in SAS 9.4 with a significance level of 0.05. The study revealed a notable interaction between aerotolerance categories and temperature (P < 0.039) impacting the number of biofilms attached C. jejuni cells on stainless steel coupons. All isolates had significantly higher counts when incubated at 42°C compared to room temperature, regardless of oxygen level (P < 0.001). Furthermore, stronger biofilm density was observed at 42°C compared to room temperature, regardless of oxygen level. These findings underscore the influence of temperature on the biofilm forming ability of C. jejuni. The ability of these field isolates to form biofilms under various environmental conditions suggests a heightened potential for surface colonization and increased infection risk in poultry processing facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Pokhrel
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi, Mississippi State, USA
| | - Hudson T Thames
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi, Mississippi State, USA
| | - Hailey Fugate
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi, Mississippi State, USA
| | - Thu Dinh
- Tyson Foods, Springdale, Arkansas, USA
| | - Wes Schilling
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi, Mississippi State, USA
| | - Shecoya White
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi, Mississippi State, USA
| | | | | | - Li Zhang
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi, Mississippi State, USA.
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Tu S, Sun C, Zhao N, Xiong Z. Safety and Efficacy of the Erbium Laser in Debonding Dental Accessories: A Narrative Review. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2024. [PMID: 38598279 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2023.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: This article aims to review the safety and efficacy of the Er:YAG laser in debonding dental accessories. Methods: This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Articles published between 2010 and 2022 on the removal of dental accessories using erbium laser were searched. The selected articles were then classified according to the accessories used: adhesives, brackets, restorations, or implant crowns. Enamel surface roughness, shear bond strength, adhesive remnant index, duration time (t), pulp chamber temperature (T), morphology (M), and other variables were then noted. Results: The dental accessories and adhesives used were described along with the laser parameters used, such as frequency, pulse width, irradiation time, scanning mode, water-air cooling, and other variables. Conclusions: Laser removal using Er:YAG laser of dental accessories such as brackets, crowns, and veneers is fundamentally safe, time-saving, and does not cause damage to the enamel nor the underlying dentin. However, there was no distinct advantage with laser removal seen, such as those residual adhesives of brackets on the tooth surface and temporary adhesives of restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Tu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Sun
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai No. 9 Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medical, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengdong Xiong
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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Dufloo J, Sanjuán R. Temperature impacts SARS-CoV-2 spike fusogenicity and evolution. mBio 2024; 15:e0336023. [PMID: 38411986 PMCID: PMC11005339 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03360-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infects both the upper and lower respiratory tracts, which are characterized by different temperatures (33°C and 37°C, respectively). In addition, fever is a common COVID-19 symptom. SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to replicate more efficiently at low temperatures, but the effect of temperature on different viral proteins remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate how temperature affects the SARS-CoV-2 spike function and evolution. We first observed that increasing temperature from 33°C to 37°C or 39°C increased spike-mediated cell-cell fusion. We then experimentally evolved a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike at these different temperatures. We found that spike-mediated cell-cell fusion was maintained during evolution at 39°C but was lost in a high proportion of viruses that evolved at 33°C or 37°C. Consistently, sequencing of the spikes evolved at 33°C or 37°C revealed the accumulation of mutations around the furin cleavage site, a region that determines cell-cell fusion, whereas this did not occur in spikes evolved at 39°C. Finally, using site-directed mutagenesis, we found that disruption of the furin cleavage site had a temperature-dependent effect on spike-induced cell-cell fusion and viral fitness. Our results suggest that variations in body temperature may affect the activity and diversification of the SARS-CoV-2 spike. IMPORTANCE When it infects humans, SARS-CoV-2 is exposed to different temperatures (e.g., replication site and fever). Temperature has been shown to strongly impact SARS-CoV-2 replication, but how it affects the activity and evolution of the spike protein remains poorly understood. Here, we first show that high temperatures increase the SARS-CoV-2 spike fusogenicity. Then, we demonstrate that the evolution of the spike activity and variants depends on temperature. Finally, we show that the functional effect of specific spike mutations is temperature-dependent. Overall, our results suggest that temperature may be a factor influencing the activity and adaptation of the SARS-CoV-2 spike in vivo, which will help understanding viral tropism, pathogenesis, and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Dufloo
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat de València, Paterna, València, Spain
| | - Rafael Sanjuán
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat de València, Paterna, València, Spain
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Smith NG. Opportunities to improve our understanding of the impact of photosynthetic acclimation on terrestrial ecosystem processes under global change. Am J Bot 2024:e16313. [PMID: 38594891 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
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El Harkaoui S, El Kaourat A, El Monfalouti H, Kartah BE, Mariod AA, Charrouf Z, Rohn S, Drusch S, Matthäus B. Chemical Composition and Geographic Variation of Cold Pressed Balanites aegyptiaca Kernel Oil. Foods 2024; 13:1135. [PMID: 38611439 PMCID: PMC11011647 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
With the increasing impacts of climate change, establishing more sustainable and robust plants such as desert dates (Balanites aegyptiaca) seems to be necessary. Known for its resilience in arid conditions, this tree has the potential to become a more important food source, particularly for its potential to yield edible oil. This study characterized Balanites kernel oil (BKO) as a promising oil source in arid regions, studying the influence of geographical origin and environmental factors. Moroccan and Sudanese BKO samples were analyzed and compared with Mauritanian BKO. In the fatty acid profile, unsaturated fatty acids constituted over 70% of the BKO profile, with a predominance of linoleic acid (Li), oleic acid (Ol), palmitic acid (Pa), and stearic acid (St). Consequently, the predominant triacylglycerols were PaLiLi, PaLiOl, LiLiOl, OlLiOl, and StLiOl. α-Tocopherol dominated the tocochromanol composition (324 to 607 mg/kg), followed by γ-tocopherol (120 to 226 mg/kg), constituting 90% of the total tocochromanols. The total phytosterol content in BKO ranged from 871 to 2218 mg/kg oil, with β-sitosterol dominating (58% to 74%). Principal Component Analysis revealed that the geographical origin significantly influences BKO composition, emphasizing environmental factors, particularly water deficit and/or temperatures. Notably, Moroccan BKO collected from an area characterized by high aridity and relatively low winter temperatures, showcased a unique profile in fatty acid, phytosterols, and tocochromanols. The valorization of BKO presents an opportunity for local agricultural development in arid regions and a role model for plant development and agricultural practices in other parts of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said El Harkaoui
- Department for Safety and Quality of Cereals, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Nutrition and Food, Schützenberg 12, 32756 Detmold, Germany;
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany;
- Department of Food Technology and Food Material Science, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Asma El Kaourat
- Laboratory of Plant Chemistry and Organic and Bio-Organic Synthesis, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta B.P., Rabat RP 1014, Morocco; (A.E.K.); (H.E.M.); (B.E.K.); (Z.C.)
| | - Hanae El Monfalouti
- Laboratory of Plant Chemistry and Organic and Bio-Organic Synthesis, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta B.P., Rabat RP 1014, Morocco; (A.E.K.); (H.E.M.); (B.E.K.); (Z.C.)
| | - Badr Eddine Kartah
- Laboratory of Plant Chemistry and Organic and Bio-Organic Synthesis, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta B.P., Rabat RP 1014, Morocco; (A.E.K.); (H.E.M.); (B.E.K.); (Z.C.)
| | - Abdalbasit Adam Mariod
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21931, Saudi Arabia;
- Indigenous Knowledge and Heritage Center, Ghibaish College of Science & Technology, Ghibaish P.O. Box 100, Sudan
| | - Zoubida Charrouf
- Laboratory of Plant Chemistry and Organic and Bio-Organic Synthesis, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta B.P., Rabat RP 1014, Morocco; (A.E.K.); (H.E.M.); (B.E.K.); (Z.C.)
| | - Sascha Rohn
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Stephan Drusch
- Department of Food Technology and Food Material Science, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Bertrand Matthäus
- Department for Safety and Quality of Cereals, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Nutrition and Food, Schützenberg 12, 32756 Detmold, Germany;
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Abdel-Wareth MTA, Zanaty N, Abd El-Hamid RM, Saleh HA. Polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in water canals and their relationships with water quality parameters: Insights into their risk assessment. J Environ Sci Health B 2024; 59:263-276. [PMID: 38584450 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2024.2336859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Water pollution with pesticides is one of the most important environmental problems. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) reach water bodies via agricultural discharge. The aim of this study was to determine the contamination of different water bodies with PCB congeners, and detect the correlation between water quality parameters and seasonal distribution of these PCBs. The results indicated that water canals of AlGharbiah showed the highest ranges of temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS) in spring, and dissolved oxygen (DO) in autumn, while AlQaliobiah water bodies witnessed the highest pH and electrical conductivity (EC) ranges in summer. The highest range of a PCB congener was that of PCB44 (7.96-118.29 µg/g) in sediment samples of Giza, followed by its range (18.01-85.44 µgL-1) in surface water of AlQaliobiah. We found a potential cancer risk from dermal contact with all the investigated PCBs. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed positive correlations between most PCBs and each of EC and TDS, and a negative correlation with DO. While the correlation between PCBs and each of temperature and pH varied according to the geographic location of the governorate. In conclusion, the investigated water canals were contaminated with PCBs, which posed a potential cancer risk and deteriorated water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naglaa Zanaty
- Environmental Studies Department, The National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Science, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M Abd El-Hamid
- Agricultural Research Centre, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hassnaa A Saleh
- Environmental Research Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
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Moisa C, Brata AM, Muresan IC, Dragan F, Ratiu I, Cadar O, Becze A, Carbunar M, Brata VD, Teusdea AC. Comparative Analysis of Vitamin, Mineral Content, and Antioxidant Capacity in Cereals and Legumes and Influence of Thermal Process. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:1037. [PMID: 38611566 PMCID: PMC11013170 DOI: 10.3390/plants13071037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Cereals, as the world's most consumed food, face challenges related to nutrient quality due to climate change and increased production impacting soil health. In this study, we investigated the vitamin and mineral content, polyphenols, and antioxidant activity in cereals from Western Romania, analyzing whole and hulled wheat, rye, oat, and soybeans before and after heat treatment. Samples from 2022 crops were processed into dough and subjected to 220 °C for 30 min. The results reveal that, despite efforts to optimize nutrient content, cereals, particularly after heat processing, exhibited lower vitamin and mineral levels than the recommended daily intake. The decrease in polyphenols and antioxidant capacity was notable, with rye flour experiencing the largest decline (15%). Mineral analysis showed copper levels in decorticated wheat decreased by 82.5%, while iron in rye decreased by 5.63%. Soy flour consistently displayed the highest calcium, magnesium, and potassium levels, whereas oat flour had the highest zinc and copper levels before and after heat processing. The study highlights the concerningly low vitamins and minerals contents in cereals, as well as in the final products reaching consumers in the Western part of Romania, and contributes to the assessment of measures that are meant to improve the contents of these minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Moisa
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, 410028 Oradea, Romania; (C.M.); (F.D.)
| | - Anca Monica Brata
- Department of Engineering of Food Products, Faculty of Environmental Protection, University of Oradea, 26 Gen. Magheru St., 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Iulia C. Muresan
- Department of Economic Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3–5 Manastur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Felicia Dragan
- Department of Pharmacy, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, 410028 Oradea, Romania; (C.M.); (F.D.)
| | - Ioana Ratiu
- Department of Medicine, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, University of Oradea, 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Oana Cadar
- INCDO INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Anca Becze
- INCDO INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Mihai Carbunar
- Faculty of Environmental Protection, University of Oradea, 26 Gen. Magheru St., 410087 Oradea, Romania; (M.C.)
| | - Vlad Dumitru Brata
- Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Alin Cristian Teusdea
- Faculty of Environmental Protection, University of Oradea, 26 Gen. Magheru St., 410087 Oradea, Romania; (M.C.)
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Maitra P, Hrynkiewicz K, Szuba A, Jagodziński AM, Al-Rashid J, Mandal D, Mucha J. Metabolic niches in the rhizosphere microbiome: dependence on soil horizons, root traits and climate variables in forest ecosystems. Front Plant Sci 2024; 15:1344205. [PMID: 38645395 PMCID: PMC11026606 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1344205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Understanding belowground plant-microbial interactions is important for biodiversity maintenance, community assembly and ecosystem functioning of forest ecosystems. Consequently, a large number of studies were conducted on root and microbial interactions, especially in the context of precipitation and temperature gradients under global climate change scenarios. Forests ecosystems have high biodiversity of plants and associated microbes, and contribute to major primary productivity of terrestrial ecosystems. However, the impact of root metabolites/exudates and root traits on soil microbial functional groups along these climate gradients is poorly described in these forest ecosystems. The plant root system exhibits differentiated exudation profiles and considerable trait plasticity in terms of root morphological/phenotypic traits, which can cause shifts in microbial abundance and diversity. The root metabolites composed of primary and secondary metabolites and volatile organic compounds that have diverse roles in appealing to and preventing distinct microbial strains, thus benefit plant fitness and growth, and tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought. Climatic factors significantly alter the quantity and quality of metabolites that forest trees secrete into the soil. Thus, the heterogeneities in the rhizosphere due to different climate drivers generate ecological niches for various microbial assemblages to foster beneficial rhizospheric interactions in the forest ecosystems. However, the root exudations and microbial diversity in forest trees vary across different soil layers due to alterations in root system architecture, soil moisture, temperature, and nutrient stoichiometry. Changes in root system architecture or traits, e.g. root tissue density (RTD), specific root length (SRL), and specific root area (SRA), impact the root exudation profile and amount released into the soil and thus influence the abundance and diversity of different functional guilds of microbes. Here, we review the current knowledge about root morphological and functional (root exudation) trait changes that affect microbial interactions along drought and temperature gradients. This review aims to clarify how forest trees adapt to challenging environments by leveraging their root traits to interact beneficially with microbes. Understanding these strategies is vital for comprehending plant adaptation under global climate change, with significant implications for future research in plant biodiversity conservation, particularly within forest ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulak Maitra
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Hrynkiewicz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szuba
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Andrzej M. Jagodziński
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
- Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jubair Al-Rashid
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Dipa Mandal
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Joanna Mucha
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
- Department of Forest Entomology and Pathology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Vos R, Koper MTM. Nickel as Electrocatalyst for CO (2) Reduction: Effect of Temperature, Potential, Partial Pressure, and Electrolyte Composition. ACS Catal 2024; 14:4432-4440. [PMID: 38601778 PMCID: PMC11002821 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction on Ni has recently been shown to have the unique ability to produce longer hydrocarbon chains in small but measurable amounts. However, the effects of the many parameters of this reaction remain to be studied in more detail. Here, we have investigated the effect of temperature, bulk CO2 concentration, potential, the reactant, cations, and anions on the formation of hydrocarbons via a chain growth mechanism on Ni. We show that temperature increases the activity but also the formation of coke, which deactivates the catalyst. The selectivity and thus the chain growth probability is mainly affected by the potential and the electrolyte composition. Remarkably, CO reduction shows lower activity but a higher chain growth probability than CO2 reduction. We conclude that hydrogenation is likely to be the rate-determining step and hypothesize that this could happen either by *CO hydrogenation or by termination of the hydrocarbon chain. These insights open the way to further development and optimization of Ni for electrochemical CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaël
E. Vos
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O.Box 9502, 2300
RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marc T. M. Koper
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O.Box 9502, 2300
RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Hu X, Wang Z, He K, Xie H, Wang Y. Age-stage, two-sex life table, and population projection of Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) at different temperatures. J Econ Entomol 2024:toae052. [PMID: 38572760 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toae052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), a highly destructive pest in Asia, poses a significant threat to maize production by causing substantial yield losses. However, there is a lack of information regarding the impact of temperature variations on its population dynamics and the age-stage and two-sex life table. This study aimed to investigate the impact of 4 temperatures (20 °C, 24 °C, 28 °C, 32 °C) on the development, reproduction, and survival of O. furnacalis under controlled laboratory conditions. Our results revealed that O. furnacalis successfully developed, survived, and laid eggs across the tested temperatures (20-32 °C). The shortest developmental duration for all immature stages was observed at 32 °C. Conversely, increasing temperatures led to decreased longevity. Among the temperatures tested, 28 °C proved to be optimal for O. furnacalis, exhibiting the highest intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase, and net reproductive rate. Our findings indicate that O. furnacalis thrives within a wide temperature range of 20-32 °C, with 28 °C being the most favorable for reproduction. These insights are crucial for predicting population dynamics under diverse climatic conditions and developing effective control strategies against O. furnacalis. This study enhances our understanding of O. furnacalis' life-history traits and provides valuable information for targeted pest management approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, P.R. China
| | - Zhenying Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Kanglai He
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Haicui Xie
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, P.R. China
| | - Yueqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
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Roussin-Léveillée C, Rossi CAM, Castroverde CDM, Moffett P. The plant disease triangle facing climate change: a molecular perspective. Trends Plant Sci 2024:S1360-1385(24)00060-8. [PMID: 38580544 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Variations in climate conditions can dramatically affect plant health and the generation of climate-resilient crops is imperative to food security. In addition to directly affecting plants, it is predicted that more severe climate conditions will also result in greater biotic stresses. Recent studies have identified climate-sensitive molecular pathways that can result in plants being more susceptible to infection under unfavorable conditions. Here, we review how expected changes in climate will impact plant-pathogen interactions, with a focus on mechanisms regulating plant immunity and microbial virulence strategies. We highlight the complex interactions between abiotic and biotic stresses with the goal of identifying components and/or pathways that are promising targets for genetic engineering to enhance adaptation and strengthen resilience in dynamically changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christina A M Rossi
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3C5, Canada
| | | | - Peter Moffett
- Centre SÈVE, Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
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Chung KW, Key PB, Tanabe P, DeLorenzo ME. Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) Toxicity in Larval Estuarine Organisms. Toxics 2024; 12:267. [PMID: 38668490 PMCID: PMC11053673 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a persistent contaminant that has been found globally within the environment. Key data gaps exist in the toxicity of PFOS to marine organisms, especially estuarine species that are crucial to the food web: fish, shrimp, and mollusks. This study developed toxicity thresholds for larval estuarine species, including grass shrimp (Palaemon pugio), sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus), mysids (Americamysis bahia), and Eastern mud snails (Tritia obsoleta). Multiple abiotic stressors (salinity and temperature) were included as variables in testing the toxicity of PFOS. Acute 96 h toxicity testing under standard test conditions of 25 °C and 20 ppt seawater yielded LC50 values of 0.919 mg/L for C. variegatus, 1.375 mg/L for A. bahia, 1.559 mg/L for T. obsoleta, and 2.011 mg/L for P. pugio. The effects of increased temperature (32 °C) and decreased salinity (10 ppt) varied with test species. PFOS toxicity for the sheepshead minnows increased with temperature but was not altered by decreased salinity. For grass shrimp and mud snails, PFOS toxicity was greater under lower salinity. The combination of higher temperature and lower salinity was observed to lower the toxicity thresholds for all species. These data demonstrate that expanding toxicity testing to include a wider range of parameters will improve the environmental risk assessment of chemical contaminants, especially for species inhabiting dynamic estuarine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy W. Chung
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Charleston, SC 29412, USA; (P.B.K.); (P.T.); (M.E.D.)
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Æsøy MS, Juliebø-Jones P, Beisland C, Ulvik Ø. Temperature Measurements During Flexible Ureteroscopic Laser Lithotripsy: A Prospective Clinical Trial. J Endourol 2024; 38:308-315. [PMID: 38185920 DOI: 10.1089/end.2023.0660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: The primary aim of the study was to explore intrarenal temperatures (IRTs) during flexible ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy (FURSL). The secondary aim was to investigate the correlation between temperatures and renal pelvis anteroposterior diameter (APD). Materials and Methods: From February 2023 to June 2023, 10 patients with an indwelling nephrostomy tube (NT) undergoing FURSL were enrolled in the study. Sheathless FURSL was performed using gravitational irrigation (23°C) at 60 cm. A sterile K-type thermocouple was inserted through the NT. Temperatures were recorded for 120 seconds with continuous laser activation and for another 60 seconds after deactivation. Thulium fiber laser delivered energy using a 150 μm fiber and incremental power settings of 5, 10, 20, and 30 W. The laser was deactivated whenever the IRT reached 43°C. Results: IRT correlated directly to power settings. Each time the power settings were increased, the temperature rose significantly. The increase in average peak temperature was 2.6°C between 5 and 10 W (p < 0.001), 3.4°C between 10 and 20 W (p < 0.001), and 2.5°C between 20 and 30 W (p < 0.001). Temperatures reached 43°C in three patients applying 20 W and in eight patients applying 30 W. The shortest activation-time until threshold was 12 and 28 seconds with 30 and 20 W settings, respectively. When reaching 43°C, temperatures remained above this threshold for an additional 29 seconds on average. There was a significant correlation between IRT and renal APD. For example, when 10 W was applied in the setting of APD ≤20 mm, the recorded temperature was on average 2.3°C higher compared with APD >20 mm, with the same power settings applied, p < 0.001. Conclusion: During FURSL, IRT correlates directly with power settings and is inversely correlated with renal pelvic APD. Using a sheathless approach, power settings ≥20 W should arguably be avoided, especially in the context of a nondilated renal pelvis. ClinicalTrials: The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05677425).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Sørstrand Æsøy
- Department of Urology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Patrick Juliebø-Jones
- Department of Urology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Christian Beisland
- Department of Urology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Øyvind Ulvik
- Department of Urology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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50
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Xu M, Zhao X, Yu M, Wang G, Feng J, Zhang M. The amino acid pattern and dynamics of body protein, body fat deposition in male and female broilers under different temperatures. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103525. [PMID: 38394866 PMCID: PMC10906514 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted 1) to investigate the effects of gender and temperature on growth performance in broiler chickens and 2) to establish body protein and fat deposition curves and amino acid patterns for broilers of both genders at different ambient temperatures. A total of 432 1-day-old (d) Arbor Acres chickens with a male/female ratio of 1:1 were randomly divided into the following 4 treatment groups: the male thermoneutral group, the female thermoneutral group, the male heat stress group, and the female heat stress group. The chickens in the thermoneutral groups were kept at a comfortable temperature from 1 to 42 d, while chickens in the heat stress groups were kept at a comfortable temperature from 1 to 28 d and at a high ambient temperature from d 29 to 42. The body composition retention data were obtained by comparative slaughter method, and the models were constructed by the Gompertz model. The results revealed significant variation in body protein content (BPC) and body fat deposition efficiency (BFE) between both genders and the 2 temperatures. Moreover, a noteworthy interaction between gender and temperature was observed in terms of the BPC and protein deposition efficiency (BPE). The following equations for body protein and body fat deposition in the thermoneutral groups were obtained: Body protein weight of male broilers: [Formula: see text] ; Body protein weight of female broilers: [Formula: see text] ; Body fat weight of male broilers: [Formula: see text] ; Body fat weight of female broilers: [Formula: see text] . Where t means age (d). The following equations for body protein and body fat deposition in the heat stress groups were obtained: Body protein weight of male broilers: [Formula: see text] ; Body protein weight of female broilers: [Formula: see text] ; Body fat weight of male broilers: [Formula: see text] ; Body fat weight of female broilers: [Formula: see text] . Where t means age (d). In addition, no significant difference in amino acid content was found between different genders and temperatures. The amino acid pattern could be divided into 2 stages: 0 to 14 d and 15 to 42 d. Our equations and patterns enable a deeper understanding of the nutritional requirements in broiler chickens under various temperature conditions. This enables researchers to develop more accurate feeding programs to fulfill the growth and health requirements of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Xu
- State key laboratory of animal nutrition and feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State key laboratory of animal nutrition and feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Miao Yu
- State key laboratory of animal nutrition and feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guangju Wang
- State key laboratory of animal nutrition and feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708WD, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jinghai Feng
- State key laboratory of animal nutrition and feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Minhong Zhang
- State key laboratory of animal nutrition and feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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