1
|
Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Horii N, Uchida M, Sanada K, Hamaoka T, Padilla J, Martinez-Lemus LA, Maeda S, Iemitsu M. Aerobic Exercise Restores Aging-Associated Reductions in Arterial Adropin Levels and Improves Adropin-Induced Nitric Oxide-Dependent Vasorelaxation. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020641. [PMID: 33938228 PMCID: PMC8200711 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.020641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Adropin is a peptide hormone that promotes nitric oxide (NO) production via activation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells. Its circulating levels are reduced with aging and increased with aerobic exercise training (AT). Using a mouse model, we hypothesized that AT restores aging-associated reductions in arterial and circulating adropin and improves adropin-induced NO-dependent vasorelaxation. Further, we hypothesized these findings would be consistent with data obtained in elderly humans. Methods and Results In the animal study, 50-week-old SAMP1 male mice that underwent 12 weeks of voluntary wheel running, or kept sedentary, were studied. A separate cohort of 25-week-old SAMP1 male mice were used as a mature adult sedentary group. In the human study, 14 healthy elderly subjects completed an 8-week AT program consisting of 45 minutes of cycling 3 days/week. In mice, we show that advanced age is associated with a decline in arterial and circulating levels of adropin along with deterioration of endothelial function, arterial NO production, and adropin-induced vasodilation. All these defects were restored by AT. Moreover, AT-induced increases in arterial adropin were correlated with increases in arterial eNOS phosphorylation and NO production. Consistently with these findings in mice, AT in elderly subjects enhanced circulating adropin levels and these effects were correlated with increases in circulating nitrite/nitrate (NOx) and endothelial function. Conclusions Changes in arterial adropin that occur with age or AT relate to alterations in endothelial function and NO production, supporting the notion that adropin should be considered a therapeutic target for vascular aging. Registration URL: https://www.umin.ac.jp; Unique identifier: UMIN000035520.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science Ritsumeikan University Shiga Japan.,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center University of Missouri MO
| | - Natsuki Hasegawa
- Research Organization of Science and Technology Ritsumeikan University Shiga Japan
| | - Naoki Horii
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science Ritsumeikan University Shiga Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Tokyo Japan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science Ritsumeikan University Shiga Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sanada
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science Ritsumeikan University Shiga Japan
| | - Takafumi Hamaoka
- Sports Medicine for Health Promotion Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center University of Missouri MO.,Nutrition and Exercise Physiology University of Missouri MO
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center University of Missouri MO.,Medical Pharmacology and Physiology University of Missouri MO
| | - Seiji Maeda
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science Ritsumeikan University Shiga Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Luttrell M, Kim H, Shin SY, Holly D, Massett MP, Woodman CR. Heterogeneous effect of aging on vasorelaxation responses in large and small arteries. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14341. [PMID: 31960593 PMCID: PMC6971410 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with impaired vascular function characterized in part by attenuated vasorelaxation to acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Due to structural and functional differences between conduit and resistance arteries, the effect of aging on vasorelaxation responses may vary along the arterial tree. Our purpose was to determine age-related differences in vasorelaxation responses in large and small arteries. Responses to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine (ACh) and the endothelium-independent vasodilator sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were assessed in abdominal aorta (AA), iliac arteries (IA), femoral arteries (FA), and gastrocnemius feed arteries (GFA) from young and old male rats. ACh-mediated vasorelaxation was significantly impaired in old AA and IA. SNP-mediated vasorelaxation was impaired in old AA. To investigate a potential mechanism for impaired relaxation responses in AA and IA, we assessed eNOS protein content and interactions with caveolin-1 (Cav-1), and calmodulin (CaM) via immunoprecipitation and immunoblot analysis. We found no age differences in eNOS content or interactions with Cav1 and CaM. Combined data from all rats revealed that eNOS content was higher in IA compared to AA and FA (p < .001), and was higher in GFA than AA (p < .05). Cav1:eNOS interaction was greater in FA than in AA and IA (p < .01), and in GFA compared to IA (p < .05). No differences in CaM:eNOS were detected. In conclusion, age-related impairment of vasorelaxation responses occurred in the large conduit, but not small conduit or resistance arteries. These detrimental effects of age were not associated with changes in eNOS or its interactions with Cav-1 or CaM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meredith Luttrell
- Department of Health & KinesiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas
| | - Hyoseon Kim
- Department of Health & KinesiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas
- Present address:
Department of Kinesiology and Sport ManagementTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTexas
| | - Song Yi Shin
- Department of Health & KinesiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas
| | - Dylan Holly
- Department of Health & KinesiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas
| | - Michael P. Massett
- Department of Health & KinesiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas
- Present address:
Department of Kinesiology and Sport ManagementTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTexas
| | - Christopher R. Woodman
- Department of Health & KinesiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas
- Department of Veterinary Physiology & PharmacologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ross M, Lithgow H, Hayes L, Florida-James G. Potential Cellular and Biochemical Mechanisms of Exercise and Physical Activity on the Ageing Process. Subcell Biochem 2019; 91:311-338. [PMID: 30888658 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-3681-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exercise in young adults has been consistently shown to improve various aspects of physiological and psychological health but we are now realising the potential benefits of exercise with advancing age. Specifically, exercise improves cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and metabolic health through reductions in oxidative stress, chronic low-grade inflammation and modulating cellular processes within a variety of tissues. In this this chapter we will discuss the effects of acute and chronic exercise on these processes and conditions in an ageing population, and how physical activity affects our vasculature, skeletal muscle function, our immune system, and cardiometabolic risk in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Ross
- School of Applied Science, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
| | - Hannah Lithgow
- School of Applied Science, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Lawrence Hayes
- Active Ageing Research Group, University of Cumbria, Lancaster, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Brito ADF, Silva AS, de Souza AA, Ferreira PB, de Souza ILL, Araujo LCDC, Félix GDS, Sampaio RDS, Silva MDCC, Tavares RL, Pereira RDA, Miranda Neto M, da Silva BA. Aortic Response to Strength Training and Spirulina platensis Dependent on Nitric Oxide and Antioxidants. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1522. [PMID: 30429798 PMCID: PMC6220060 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that supplementation with Spirulina platensis improves vascular reactivity. However, it is unclear whether in association with strength training this effect can be enhanced. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effects of strength training and S. platensis on the reactivity of the aorta from Wistar rat and the possible mechanisms involved. The animals were supplemented with S. platensis and divided into sedentary (SG, SG50, SG150, and SG500) and trained groups (TG, TG50, TG150, and TG500). Nitrite, malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant activity were determined by biochemical assays. To evaluate vascular response, cumulative concentration—response curves to phenylephrine (PHE) and acetylcholine (ACh) were constructed. L-NAME was used to assess the participation of nitric oxide (NO). It was observed that the PHE contractile potency was reduced in TG50, TG150, and TG500 groups compared to SG50, SG150, and SG500 groups, respectively. However, the presence of L-NAME increased the contractile response in all groups. Strength training potentiated the increase in relaxing activity induced by S. platensis, where the pCE50 values of ACh increased in TG150 and TG500. These responses were accompanied by increased nitrite production, MDA reduction and increased antioxidant activity in the aorta of both TG150 and TG500 groups. Thus, the present study demonstrated that combined with strength training, S. platensis potentiates vascular improvement through the participation of NO and reduction of oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline de Freitas Brito
- School of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, Recife, Brazil
| | - Alexandre S Silva
- Post-Graduation Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, Recife, Brazil.,Physical Education Department, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Alesandra A de Souza
- Federal University of Tocantins, Licentiate in Physical Education, Tocantinópolis, Brazil
| | - Paula B Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Products Bioactive, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Iara L L de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Products Bioactive, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Layanne C da Cunha Araujo
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Renata de Souza Sampaio
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Products Bioactive, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Maria da Conceição C Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Products Bioactive, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Renata L Tavares
- Laboratory of Studies of Physical Training Applied to the Performance and the Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Manoel Miranda Neto
- Laboratory of Studies of Physical Training Applied to the Performance and the Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Bagnólia A da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Products Bioactive, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Woodman CR, Seawright JW, Luttrell MJ, Shin SY, Trache A. Importance of mechanical signals in promoting exercise-induced improvements in vasomotor function of aged skeletal muscle resistance arteries. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 315:H602-H609. [PMID: 29906226 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00732.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Current research indicates that vasomotor responses are altered with aging in skeletal muscle resistance arteries. The changes in vasomotor function are characterized by impaired vasodilator and vasoconstrictor responses. The detrimental effects of aging on vasomotor function are attenuated in some vascular beds after a program of endurance exercise training. The signals associated with exercise responsible for inducing improvements in vasomotor function have been proposed to involve short-duration increases in intraluminal shear stress and/or pressure during individual bouts of exercise. Here, we review evidence that increases in shear stress and pressure, within a range believed to present in these arteries during exercise, promote healthy vasomotor function in aged resistance arteries. We conclude that available research is consistent with the interpretation that short-duration mechanical stimulation, through increases in shear stress and pressure, contributes to the beneficial effects of exercise on vasomotor function in aged skeletal muscle resistance arteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Woodman
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas.,Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas
| | - John W Seawright
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas
| | | | - Song Yi Shin
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas
| | - Andreea Trache
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Han S, Bal NB, Sadi G, Usanmaz SE, Uludag MO, Demirel-Yilmaz E. The effects of resveratrol and exercise on age and gender-dependent alterations of vascular functions and biomarkers. Exp Gerontol 2018; 110:191-201. [PMID: 29908346 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of resveratrol and regular aerobic exercise on vascular functions and biomarkers related to vessel responsiveness in an age and gender-dependent manner. The study used young (3 months) and old (12 months) male and female Wistar albino rats. Resveratrol was given in the drinking water (0.05 mg/ml; approximately 7.5 mg/kg) for 6 weeks. In the exercise group, all rats performed treadmill running at 20 m/min on a 0° incline, 40 min/day, 3 times a week, for 6 weeks. Acetylcholine-induced, endothelium-dependent and sodium nitroprusside-mediated, endothelium-independent relaxations of rat thoracic aorta and blood levels of biomarkers were separately changed by resveratrol intake and exercise-training in an age and gender-dependent manner. Antioxidant enzymes and eNOS expressions in vessels were elevated by resveratrol and exercise. Resveratrol and exercise enhanced gene expressions of non-selective PDE1, 2, 3 and cAMP selective PDE4 but not cGMP selective PDE5 in the aorta. In addition, the aortic mRNA expression of inflammation markers were altered by resveratrol and exercise-training. The results of the study demonstrated that vessel responsiveness and biomarkers related to vascular functions were altered by resveratrol consumption and exercise-training in an age and gender-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sevtap Han
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Etiler, 06330 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Nur Banu Bal
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Etiler, 06330 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Sadi
- Karamanoglu Mehmed Bey University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Turkey
| | - Suzan E Usanmaz
- Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Sihhiye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Orhan Uludag
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Etiler, 06330 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emine Demirel-Yilmaz
- Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Sihhiye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gittemeier EM, Ericson T, Ghosh P, Copp SW, Opoku-Acheampong AB, Behnke BJ. Effects of aging and exercise training on the dynamics of vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle resistance vessels. Eur J Appl Physiol 2017; 117:397-407. [PMID: 28154974 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-017-3541-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
It is unknown whether aging or exercise training affect the dynamics of arteriolar vasoconstriction. PURPOSE We hypothesized that old age will slow, and exercise training will speed, the dynamics of skeletal muscle arteriolar vasoconstriction in resistance vessels of aged rats. METHOD Young (6 month old) and aged (24 month old) male Fischer-344 rats were assigned to sedentary (Sed: n = 6/age group) or exercise-trained (ET: n = 5 aged and 6 young; via treadmill running for 10-12 weeks) groups. After completion of training, arterioles from the red portion of the gastrocnemius muscle were removed, cannulated, and exposed to 10-4 M norepinephrine (NE) or 20 mM caffeine. Changes in luminal diameter were recorded for analysis of constrictor dynamics. RESULT Old age blunted all kinetic parameters (i.e., time delay, time constant) resulting in vasoconstriction taking ~3 times as long to reach a steady state (SS) versus younger counterparts for NE (aged-sed: 15.6 ± 6.0 versus young-sed: 4.6 ± 0.5 s; P < 0.05) with a similar time course to caffeine. Exercise training resulted in a similar time to SS between age groups for NE (aged-ET: 6.8 ± 1.6 versus young-ET: 7.0 ± 0.6 s) and caffeine (aged-ET: 7.8 ± 0.6 versus young-ET: 8.6 ± 1.0 s). CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrate that aging blunts the rate of vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle resistance vessels to the sympathetic neurotransmitter NE due, in part, to an attenuated rate of contraction from intracellular calcium release. Further, exercise training speeds the dynamics of constriction to both NE and caffeine with old age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tyler Ericson
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Payal Ghosh
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Steven W Copp
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | | | - Bradley J Behnke
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA. .,Department of Kinesiology, Johnson Cancer Research Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vascular Ageing and Exercise: Focus on Cellular Reparative Processes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:3583956. [PMID: 26697131 PMCID: PMC4678076 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3583956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is associated with an increased risk of developing noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The increased risk can be attributable to increased prolonged exposure to oxidative stress. Often, CVD is preceded by endothelial dysfunction, which carries with it a proatherothrombotic phenotype. Endothelial senescence and reduced production and release of nitric oxide (NO) are associated with “vascular ageing” and are often accompanied by a reduced ability for the body to repair vascular damage, termed “reendothelialization.” Exercise has been repeatedly shown to confer protection against CVD and diabetes risk and incidence. Regular exercise promotes endothelial function and can prevent endothelial senescence, often through a reduction in oxidative stress. Recently, endothelial precursors, endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), have been shown to repair damaged endothelium, and reduced circulating number and/or function of these cells is associated with ageing. Exercise can modulate both number and function of these cells to promote endothelial homeostasis. In this review we look at the effects of advancing age on the endothelium and these endothelial precursors and how exercise appears to offset this “vascular ageing” process.
Collapse
|
9
|
Chronic aerobic exercise training attenuates aortic stiffening and endothelial dysfunction through preserving aortic mitochondrial function in aged rats. Exp Gerontol 2014; 56:37-44. [PMID: 24607516 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Aging leads to large vessel arterial stiffening and endothelial dysfunction, which are important determinants of cardiovascular risk. The aim of present work was to assess the effects of chronic aerobic exercise training on aortic stiffening and endothelial dysfunction in aged rats and investigate the underlying mechanism about mitochondrial function. Chronic aerobic exercise training attenuated aortic stiffening with age marked by reduced collagen concentration, increased elastin concentration and reduced pulse wave velocity (PWV), and prevented aging-related endothelial dysfunction marked by improved endothelium-mediated vascular relaxation of aortas in response to acetylcholine. Chronic aerobic exercise training abated oxidative stress and nitrosative stress in aortas of aged rats. More importantly, we found that chronic aerobic exercise training in old rats preserved aortic mitochondrial function marked by reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and mitochondrial swelling, increased ATP formation and mitochondrial DNA content, and restored activities of complexes I and III and electron-coupling capacity between complexes I and III and between complexes II and III. In addition, it was found that chronic aerobic exercise training in old rats enhanced protein expression of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α), manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH-2), prohibitin (PHB) and AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation in aortas. In conclusion, chronic aerobic exercise training preserved mitochondrial function in aortas, which, at least in part, explained the aorta-protecting effects of exercise training in aging.
Collapse
|