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Uchino T, Uchida M, Ito R, Fujie S, Iemitsu K, Kojima C, Nakamura M, Shimizu K, Tanimura Y, Shinohara Y, Hashimoto T, Isaka T, Iemitsu M. Effects of different exercise intensities or durations on salivary IgA secretion. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024:10.1007/s00421-024-05467-6. [PMID: 38634902 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-024-05467-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine changes in salivary immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) secretion at different intensities or durations of acute exercise. METHODS Twelve healthy untrained young males were included in randomized crossover trials in Experiment 1 (cycling exercise for 30 min at a work rate equivalent to 35%, 55%, and 75% maximal oxygen uptake [ V ˙ O2max]) and Experiment 2 (cycling exercise at 55% V ˙ O2max intensity for 30, 60, and 90 min). Saliva samples were collected at baseline, immediately after, and 60 min after each exercise. RESULTS Experiment 1: The percentage change in the s-IgA secretion rate in the 75% V ˙ O2max trial was significantly lower than that in the 55% V ˙ O2max trial immediately after exercise (- 45.7%). The percentage change in the salivary concentration of cortisol, an s-IgA regulating factor, immediately after exercise significantly increased compared to that at baseline in the 75% V ˙ O2max trial (+ 107.6%). A significant negative correlation was observed between the percentage changes in saliva flow rate and salivary cortisol concentration (r = - 0.52, P < 0.01). Experiment 2: The percentage change in the s-IgA secretion rate in the 90-min trial was significantly lower than that in the 30-min trial immediately after exercise (-37.0%). However, the percentage change in salivary cortisol concentration remained the same. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that a reduction in s-IgA secretion is induced by exercise intensity of greater than or equal to 75% V ˙ O2max for 30 min or exercise duration of greater than or equal to 90 min at 55% V ˙ O2max in healthy untrained young men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamasa Uchino
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Research for Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Reita Ito
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Research for Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Keiko Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Chihiro Kojima
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Research for Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Mariko Nakamura
- Department of Sport Science and Research, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Nishigaoka Kita-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Shimizu
- Department of Sport Science and Research, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Nishigaoka Kita-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Tanimura
- Department of Sport Science and Research, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Nishigaoka Kita-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shinohara
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Research for Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hashimoto
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Research for Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tadao Isaka
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Research for Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
- Institute of Advanced Research for Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.
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Inoue K, Fujie S, Kurose S, Miyauchi T, Sanada K, Kimura Y, Iemitsu M. Relationships between circulating irisin levels, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiometabolic risk: a cross-sectional study in Japanese adults. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H1318-H1324. [PMID: 37801045 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00573.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
High cardiorespiratory fitness levels achieved through regular aerobic exercise are associated with reduced cardiometabolic risk. The exercise-induced myokine irisin possibly mediates these associations, but these relationships are unclear. This study aimed to clarify the relationships between circulating irisin levels, cardiorespiratory fitness levels, and cardiometabolic risk factors adjusted for sex and age. This cross-sectional study included 328 Japanese participants aged between 18 and 88 yr. We measured serum irisin levels and peak oxygen uptake (V̇o2peak) as cardiorespiratory fitness indicators, and body fat percentage, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides as cardiometabolic risk factors. Cardiometabolic risk scores were calculated from the z-scores of the cardiometabolic risk factors. Quintiles based on V̇o2peak or irisin values, categorized by sex, showed a gradual increase in HDL cholesterol and a gradual decrease in other cardiometabolic risk factors with an increase in cardiorespiratory fitness levels or irisin. Serum irisin levels were negatively correlated with body fat percentage, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, triglyceride levels, and cardiometabolic risk score and positively correlated with HDL cholesterol levels and V̇o2peak in both sexes and young, and middle-aged and older adults. The same relationship was observed in all participants after adjusting for sex and age. These results suggest that circulating irisin levels may be involved in the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic risk factors, regardless of sex and age.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Circulating irisin levels gradually increased, and cardiometabolic risks gradually decreased with increasing cardiorespiratory fitness levels. The fitness levels required to increase irisin levels were moderate for young adults and lower than moderate for middle-aged and older adults. Moreover, circulating irisin levels are correlated with a reduction in cardiometabolic risk and an increase in cardiorespiratory fitness. These data suggest that circulating irisin levels are involved in the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Inoue
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kurose
- Health Science Center, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takumi Miyauchi
- Health Science Center, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sanada
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kimura
- Health Science Center, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
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Horii N, Miyamoto-Mikami E, Fujie S, Uchida M, Inoue K, Iemitsu K, Tabata I, Nakamura S, Tsubota J, Tsubota K, Iemitsu M. Effect of Exogenous Acute β-Hydroxybutyrate Administration on Different Modalities of Exercise Performance in Healthy Rats. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:1184-1194. [PMID: 36893302 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A ketone body (β-hydroxybutyrate [β-HB]) is used as an energy source in the peripheral tissues. However, the effects of acute β-HB supplementation on different modalities of exercise performance remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the effects of acute β-HB administration on the exercise performance of rats. METHODS In study 1, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups: endurance exercise (EE + PL and EE + KE), resistance exercise (RE + PL and RE + KE), and high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE + PL and HIIE + KE) with placebo (PL) or β-HB salt (KE) administration. In study 2, metabolome analysis using capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry was performed to profile the effects of β-HB salt administration on HIIE-induced metabolic responses in the skeletal and heart muscles. RESULTS The maximal carrying capacity (rest for 3 min after each ladder climb, while carrying heavy weights until the rats could not climb) in the RE + KE group was higher than that in the RE + PL group. The maximum number of HIIE sessions (a 20-s swimming session with a 10-s rest between sessions, while bearing a weight equivalent to 16% of body weight) in the HIIE + KE group was higher than that in the HIIE + PL group. However, there was no significant difference in the time to exhaustion at 30 m·min -1 between the EE + PL and the EE + KE groups. Metabolome analysis showed that the overall tricarboxylic acid cycle and creatine phosphate levels in the skeletal muscle were higher in the HIIE + KE group than those in the HIIE + PL group. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that acute β-HB salt administration may accelerate HIIE and RE performance, and the changes in metabolic responses in the skeletal muscle after β-HB salt administration may be involved in the enhancement of HIIE performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eri Miyamoto-Mikami
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, JAPAN
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, JAPAN
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, JAPAN
| | | | - Keiko Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, JAPAN
| | - Izumi Tabata
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, JAPAN
| | - Shigeru Nakamura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, JAPAN
| | - Jun Tsubota
- Energy Technology Laboratories, OSAKA GAS Co., Ltd., Konohana-ku, Osaka, JAPAN
| | | | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, JAPAN
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Uchida M, Fujie S, Yano H, Iemitsu M. Aerobic exercise training-induced alteration of gut microbiota composition affects endurance capacity. J Physiol 2023; 601:2329-2344. [PMID: 37056044 DOI: 10.1113/jp283995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify whether aerobic exercise training-induced alterations in the gut microbiota affect physiological adaptation with endurance exercise capacity. In study 1, ICR mice were randomly divided into three groups: vehicle intake + sedentary (V+S), vehicle intake + exercise training (V+Ex) and antibiotic intake + exercise training (AB+Ex). In the exercise training groups, treadmill running was performed for 8 weeks. During the exercise training intervention, the antibiotic-intake group freely drank water containing antibiotics. In study 2, ICR mice were randomly divided into three groups: Sham, transplantation of caecum microbiota from sedentary mice (Sed-CMT) and exercise training mice (Ex-CMT). In study 1, the treadmill running time to exhaustion, an index of maximal aerobic capacity, after aerobic exercise training in the V+Ex group was significantly longer than that in the V+S and AB+Ex groups. Gastrocnemius muscle citrate synthase (CS) activity and PGC-1α protein levels in the V+Ex group were significantly higher than in the V+S and AB+Ex groups. The bacterial Erysipelotrichaceae and Alcaligenaceae families were positively correlated with treadmill running time to exhaustion. In study 2, the treadmill running time to exhaustion after transplantation was significantly higher in the Ex-CMT group than in the Sham and Sed-CMT groups. Furthermore, CS activity and PGC-1α protein levels in the gastrocnemius muscle were significantly higher in the Ex-CMT group than in the Sham and Sed-CMT groups. Thus, gut microbiota altered by aerobic exercise training may be involved in the augmentation of endurance capacity and muscle mitochondrial energy metabolism. KEY POINTS: Aerobic exercise training changes gut microbiota composition, and the Erysipelotrichaceae and Alcaligenaceae families were among the altered gut bacteria. The gut microbiota was associated with endurance performance and metabolic regulator levels in skeletal muscle after aerobic exercise training. Continuous antibiotic treatment attenuated the increase in endurance performance, citrate synthase activity and PGC-1α levels in skeletal muscle induced by aerobic exercise training. Gut microbiota transplantation from exercise-trained mice improved endurance performance and metabolic regulator levels in recipient skeletal muscle, despite the absence of aerobic exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Uchida
- Ritsumeikan-Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hiromi Yano
- Department of Health and Sports Science, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
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Iemitsu K, Fujie S, Uchida M, Inoue K, Shinohara Y, Iemitsu M. Dioscorea esculenta Intake with Resistance Training Improves Muscle Quantity and Quality in Healthy Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112438. [PMID: 37299401 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance training and Dioscorea esculenta intake have a positive effect on muscle. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether 12-week Dioscorea esculenta intake combined with resistance exercise more effectively improves muscle quantity, quality, and cardiometabolic parameters in healthy middle-aged and older adults. This study is a double-blind trial with 66 volunteers (21 males/45 females; age 53 ± 5 years; body weight 61 ± 11 kg; BMI 24 ± 4 kg) who were randomly divided into four groups: sedentary-control with placebo (Sed and PL) or Dioscorea (Sed and Dio) and resistance training with placebo (RT and PL) or Dioscorea (RT and Dio). Resistance training sessions using elastic bands were performed 3 days/week for a 12-week period. Dioscorea esculenta tablets were ingested at 2000 mg/day once per day. The RT and Dio group showed greater improvements in the femoris muscle's thickness, echo intensity for the rectus femoris (index of muscle quality), and the five times sit-to-stand test compared to that of the Sed and PL group; the echo intensity in the RT and Dio group further improved compared to those in the Sed and Dio, and RT and PL groups (p < 0.05). The circulating levels of C1q (a potential biomarker of muscle fibrosis) in the RT and Dio group were significantly lower than those in the Sed and PL, and Sed and Dio groups (p < 0.05). Chronic Dioscorea esculenta intake combined with low-intensity resistance exercise may more effectively improve muscle quantity and quality indices in healthy middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Inoue
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shinohara
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
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Nakashima D, Fujie S, Togo M, Takeshita S, Hasegawa K, Tabata I. Effect of acute high-intensity intermittent exercise on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentrations. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2023; 63:731-738. [PMID: 36800691 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.23.14596-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine changes in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations after exhaustive high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) and non-exhaustive HIIE, and to compare the two conditions. METHODS Eight healthy male college students (age: 22±1 year) participated in exhaustive (sets: 6-7) and non-exhaustive (sets: 5) HIIE. In both conditions, participants repeated sets of 20 seconds of exercise at 170% V̇O<inf>2</inf>max with 10 seconds of rest between sets. Serum BDNF was measured 8 times in each condition: 30 minutes after resting, 10 minutes after sitting, immediately after HIIE, and 5, 10, 30, 60, and 90 minutes after main exercise. Changes in serum BDNF concentrations over time and between measurement points in both conditions were measured using a two-way repeated measures ANOVA. RESULTS Serum BDNF concentrations were measured, revealing significant interaction between two factors (conditions and measurement points) (F=3.482, P=0.027). In the exhaustive HIIE, there were significant increases at 5 minutes (P<0.01) and 10 minutes (P<0.01) after exercise compared to after resting. In the non-exhaustive HIIE, there was a significant increase immediately after (P<0.01) and 5 minutes after (P<0.01) exercise compared to resting. Comparison of the serum BDNF concentrations at each measurement point showed a significant difference at 10 minutes after exercise, with significantly higher values for the exhaustive HIIE condition (P<0.01, r=0.60). CONCLUSIONS Exhaustive and non-exhaustive HIIE are time-efficient exercises that increase serum BDNF concentrations in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Nakashima
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Naragakuen University, Nara, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masanari Togo
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Takeshita
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Keiji Hasegawa
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Izumi Tabata
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan -
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Jurrissen TJ, Ramirez-Perez FI, Cabral-Amador FJ, Soares RN, Pettit-Mee RJ, Betancourt-Cortes EE, McMillan NJ, Sharma N, Rocha HNM, Fujie S, Morales-Quinones M, Lazo-Fernandez Y, Butler AA, Banerjee S, Sacks HS, Ibdah JA, Parks EJ, Rector RS, Manrique-Acevedo C, Martinez-Lemus LA, Padilla J. Role of adropin in arterial stiffening associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H879-H891. [PMID: 36083795 PMCID: PMC9602697 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00385.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Adropin is a peptide largely secreted by the liver and known to regulate energy homeostasis; however, it also exerts cardiovascular effects. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that low circulating levels of adropin in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) contribute to arterial stiffening. In support of this hypothesis, we report that obesity and T2D are associated with reduced levels of adropin (in liver and plasma) and increased arterial stiffness in mice and humans. Establishing causation, we show that mesenteric arteries from adropin knockout mice are also stiffer, relative to arteries from wild-type counterparts, thus recapitulating the stiffening phenotype observed in T2D db/db mice. Given the above, we performed a set of follow-up experiments, in which we found that 1) exposure of endothelial cells or isolated mesenteric arteries from db/db mice to adropin reduces filamentous actin (F-actin) stress fibers and stiffness, 2) adropin-induced reduction of F-actin and stiffness in endothelial cells and db/db mesenteric arteries is abrogated by inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, and 3) stimulation of smooth muscle cells or db/db mesenteric arteries with a NO mimetic reduces stiffness. Lastly, we demonstrated that in vivo treatment of db/db mice with adropin for 4 wk reduces stiffness in mesenteric arteries. Collectively, these findings indicate that adropin can regulate arterial stiffness, likely via endothelium-derived NO, and thus support the notion that "hypoadropinemia" should be considered as a putative target for the prevention and treatment of arterial stiffening in obesity and T2D.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Arterial stiffening, a characteristic feature of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), contributes to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Herein we establish that adropin is decreased in obese and T2D models and furthermore provide evidence that reduced adropin may directly contribute to arterial stiffening. Collectively, findings from this work support the notion that "hypoadropinemia" should be considered as a putative target for the prevention and treatment of arterial stiffening in obesity and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Jurrissen
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | | | - Rogerio N Soares
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Ryan J Pettit-Mee
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - Neil J McMillan
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Neekun Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Helena N M Rocha
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Mariana Morales-Quinones
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Yoskaly Lazo-Fernandez
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Andrew A Butler
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiological Sciences, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Subhashis Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiological Sciences, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Harold S Sacks
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jamal A Ibdah
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Elizabeth J Parks
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - R Scott Rector
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Camila Manrique-Acevedo
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
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Uchino T, Uchida M, Kato S, Iemitsu K, Fujie S, Inoue K, Ito R, Hashimoto T, Iemitsu M. Acute Effects Of Different Exercise Modes On Salivary Iga And Plasma Cortisol Secretory Responses. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000881152.78973.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Higaki Y, Yamato Y, Fujie S, Inoue K, Shimomura M, Kato S, Horii N, Ogoh S, Iemitsu M. Acute Effects Of The Passive Static Stretching On Central And Peripheral Hemodynamics. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000880680.82347.d0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fujie S, Sanada K, Hamaoka T, Iemitsu M. Time-dependent relationships between exercise training-induced changes in nitric oxide production and hormone regulation. Exp Gerontol 2022; 166:111888. [PMID: 35820510 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Aerobic exercise training (AT) reduces aging-induced deterioration of arterial stiffness and is associated with arterial nitric oxide (NO) production via changes in apelin and adropin as NO-upregulating hormones, and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) as a NO-downregulating hormone. However, the time-dependent effects of AT on NO production via NO-regulating hormones remain unclear. This study aimed to determine whether AT-induced changes in the time course of NO production via NO-regulating hormones, participate in the AT-induced improvement in central arterial stiffening with advancing age. Methods: Thirty-three healthy Japanese middle-aged and older subjects (67 ± 1 years) were randomly divided into two groups: AT intervention and sedentary controls. Subjects in the training group completed 8-week of AT. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity as an index of central arterial stiffness and plasma nitrate/nitrite levels significantly changed from baseline at weeks 6 (P < 0.05) and 8 (P < 0.01). Interestingly, circulating apelin and adropin levels gradually increased during AT intervention and significantly increased from baseline at weeks 4, 6, and 8 (P < 0.01). Additionally, plasma ADMA levels significantly decreased at 8-week AT intervention (P < 0.01). These results suggest that AT-induced changes in the time course of NO production via NO-regulating hormones may participate in AT-induced improvements of central arterial stiffening with advancing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sanada
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hamaoka
- Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.
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11
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Higaki Y, Fujie S, Yamato Y, Oshiden M, Iemitsu M. Four weeks of lower-limb static stretching reduces regional arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older women. J Exerc Nutrition Biochem 2022; 26:22-27. [PMID: 35982626 PMCID: PMC9395250 DOI: 10.20463/pan.2022.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study aimed to clarify whether habitual lower-limb stretching intervention reduces regional arterial stiffness at the stretched site in middle-aged and older women. [Methods] In this study, the effects of 4 weeks of lower-limb static stretching (of the hip extensor and flexor, knee extensor and flexor, and plantar flexor muscles) were investigated on systemic, central, and peripheral arterial stiffness using pulse wave velocity in 14 healthy middle-aged and older women randomly assigned to either a sedentary control group (67.3 ± 5.6 years; n = 7) or a stretching intervention group (63.4 ± 6.4 years; n = 7). [Results] The femoral-ankle pulse wave velocity (an index of peripheral arterial stiffness) significantly decreased in the intervention group (pre, 1222.4 ± 167.5 cm/s; post, 1122.0 ± 141.1 cm/s) but did not change in the control group (pre, 1122.7 ± 107.7 cm/s; post, 1139.9 ± 77.5 cm/s). However, the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity as an index of systemic arterial stiffness (control: pre, 1655.7 ± 296.8 cm/s, post, 1646.4 ± 232.1 cm/s; intervention: pre, 1637.6 ± 259.9 cm/s, post, 1560.8 ± 254.7 cm/s) and the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity as an index of central arterial stiffness (control: pre, 1253.6 ± 346.4 cm/s, post, 1223.6 ± 263.4 cm/s; intervention: pre, 1125.4 ± 204.7 cm/s, post, 1024.9 ± 164.5 cm/s) did not change in either group. [Conclusion] These findings suggest that lower-limb stretching interventions may reduce regional arterial stiffness at the stretched site
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12
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Morishima T, Iemitsu M, Fujie S, Ochi E. Prior beetroot juice ingestion offsets endothelial dysfunction following prolonged sitting. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 133:69-74. [PMID: 35652829 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00200.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional strategies to prevent endothelial dysfunction following prolonged sitting remain largely unknown. Given that beetroot juice (BRJ) ingestion enhances nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, we aimed to evaluate whether prior BRJ ingestion would prevent sitting-induced endothelial dysfunction in the leg. Eleven healthy young males (n = 7) and females (n = 4) underwent two experimental trials of prolonged sitting with prior: 1) placebo ingestion (PL trial) and 2) BRJ ingestion (BRJ trial). All subjects ingested 140 ml of PL or BRJ (~0.0055 or ~12.8 mmol of nitrate, respectively) immediately before 3 h of sitting. Pre and post-sitting measurement of popliteal artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and blood pressure, and blood collection were undertaken. During the sitting period, an hourly assessment of popliteal artery diameter and blood velocity, blood pressure, and blood collection was performed. Popliteal artery blood flow and shear rate were significantly and similarly reduced during the sitting period in both trials (p < 0.001). Plasma nitrate and NOx (total nitrite and nitrate) concentrations were significantly increased relative to baseline in the only BRJ trial, and the overall concentrations were significantly higher in the BRJ trial (p < 0.001). Popliteal artery FMD was significantly reduced after the sitting period in the PL trial (p < 0.05), whereas no reduction was observed in the BRJ trial. Therefore, prior BRJ ingestion would prevent sitting-induced leg endothelial dysfunction via enhancing NO bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Morishima
- Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Chukyo University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Eisuke Ochi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Applied Chemistry, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan.,Graduate School of Sports and Health Studies, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Inoue K, Fujie S, Horii N, Yamazaki H, Uchida M, Iemitsu M. Aerobic exercise training-induced follistatin-like 1 secretion in the skeletal muscle is related to arterial stiffness via arterial NO production in obese rats. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15300. [PMID: 35585770 PMCID: PMC9117810 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Follistatin‐like 1 (FSTL1), which is mainly secreted from skeletal muscle and myocardium, upregulates protein kinase B (Akt) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation in vascular endothelial cells. It is unclear whether skeletal muscle‐ and myocardium‐derived FSTL1 secretion induced by aerobic exercise training is involved in the reduction of arterial stiffness via arterial NO production in obese rats. This study aimed to clarify whether aerobic exercise training‐induced FSTL1 secretion in myocardium and skeletal muscle is associated with a reduction in arterial stiffness via arterial Akt‐eNOS signaling pathway in obese rats. Sixteen Otsuka Long‐Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) obese rats were randomly divided into two groups: sedentary control (OLETF‐CON) and eight‐week aerobic exercise training (treadmill for 60min at 25m/min, 5days/week, OLETF‐AT). Eight Long‐Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats were used as a healthy sedentary control group. In OLETF‐CON, serum FSTL1, arterial Akt and eNOS phosphorylation, and arterial nitrite/nitrate (NOx) levels were significantly lower, and carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was significantly greater than those in LETO. These parameters were improved in the OLETF‐AT compared to the OLETF‐CON. In the OLETF‐AT, FSTL1 levels in slow‐twitch fiber‐rich soleus muscle were significantly greater than those in the OLETF‐CON, but not in myocardium, fast‐twitch fiber‐rich tibialis anterior muscle, and adipose tissue. Serum FSTL1 levels were positively correlated with soleus FSTL1, arterial eNOS phosphorylation, and NOx levels and negatively correlated with cfPWV. Thus, aerobic exercise training‐induced FSTL1 secretion in slow‐twitch fiber‐rich muscles may be associated with a reduction in arterial stiffness via arterial NO production in obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Inoue
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Naoki Horii
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Henry Yamazaki
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
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14
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Higaki Y, Yamato Y, Fujie S, Inoue K, Shimomura M, Kato S, Horii N, Ogoh S, Iemitsu M. Acute effects of the different relaxation periods during passive intermittent static stretching on arterial stiffness. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259444. [PMID: 34780500 PMCID: PMC8592493 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To clarify whether the relaxation period during stretching affects the degree of elevated shear rate and the degree of reduction of arterial stiffness, we examined relaxation duration to build an adequate stretching protocol. In Experiment 1, the changes in cardiac output, the shear rate in the posterior tibial artery, and blood volume in the calf muscle were measured during recovery (0–60 s) from a single bout of one-legged passive calf stretching in 12 healthy young men. In Experiment 2, the effects of different relaxation periods (5-, 10-, 20-, and 60-s) of passive one-legged intermittent calf stretching (30-s × 6 sets) on the femoral-ankle pulse wave velocity (faPWV) as an index of peripheral arterial stiffness were identified in 17 healthy young men. As a result, the stretched leg’s shear rate significantly increased from 0 to 10th s after stretching. The muscle blood volume in the stretched leg significantly reduced during stretching, and then significantly increased during the recovery period after stretching; however, cardiac output remained unchanged during stretching and recovery. Additionally, the reduction in faPWV from the pre-stretching value in the stretched leg was significantly larger in the protocol with 10-s and 20-s relaxation periods than that in the non-stretched leg, but this did not differ in the 5-s and 60-s relaxation periods. These findings suggest that the relaxation periods of intermittent static stretching that cause a high transient increase in shear rate (via reperfusion after microvascular compression by the stretched calf muscles) are effective to reduce arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Higaki
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamato
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Aino University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Inoue
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mio Shimomura
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shosaku Kato
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Naoki Horii
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigehiko Ogoh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toyo University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
- * E-mail:
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15
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Shimomura M, Fujie S, Sanada K, Kajimoto H, Hamaoka T, Iemitsu M. Higher ratio of plasma nitric oxide to asymmetric dimethylarginine levels affects aerobic exercise training-induced reduction of arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Regular aerobic exercise reverses aging-induced deterioration of arterial stiffness via an increased arterial nitric oxide (NO) production. Concurrently, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of NO synthase, was decreased by aerobic exercise training. A recent study showed that the NOx/ADMA ratio reflects endothelial function and may be an index of the states of cardiovascular disease. However, whether changes in the NOx/ADMA ratio by aerobic exercise training are associated with a decrease in arterial stiffness in healthy middle-aged and older male and female adults remains unclear.
Purpose
This study aimed to clarify whether the relationship between plasma ADMA and NOx levels affected aerobic exercise training-induced reduction of arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults. Additionally, we examined whether the effect of AT on circulating ADMA levels differed according to sex.
Methods
Thirty-one healthy middle-aged and older male and female subjects (male = 13, female = 18, 66.4±1.3 years) participated in the study. The subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups: a training group (n=16 [male = 6 / female = 10], 64.8±2.0 years) and a control group (n=15 [male = 7 / female = 8], 68.1±1.6 years). Subjects in the training group performed the AT program, which consisted of cycling on a leg ergometer at 60–70% of peak oxygen uptake (V(·)O2peak)for 45 min/day, 3 days/week for 8 weeks. Before and after the 8-week aerobic exercise training intervention, V(·)O2peak, plasma ADMA levels and plasma NOx levels were measured in all subjects. Also, carotid β-stiffness as an index of arterial stiffness was determined with ultrasonography.
Results
Aerobic exercise training significantly increased V(·)O2peak (P<0.05) and decreased carotid b-stiffness (P<0.01). Moreover, plasma ADMA levels were significantly decreased, and plasma NOx levels and NOx/ADMA ratio were significantly increased by aerobic exercise training (P<0.01). Additionally, no sex differences in aerobic exercise training-induced changes in circulating ADMA and NOx levels, NOx/ADMA ratio, and carotid β-stiffness were observed. Furthermore, the aerobic exercise training-induced increase in circulating ADMA levels was negatively correlated with the increase in circulating NOx levels (r=−0.414, P<0.05), and aerobic exercise training induced increase in NOx/ADMA ratio was negatively correlated with the decrease in carotid β-stiffness (r=−0.514, P<0.01).
Conclusion
These results suggest that higher NOx/ADMA ratio affects aerobic exercise training-induced reduction of arterial stiffness, regardless of sex in middle-aged and older adults.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Fujie
- Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - K Sanada
- Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | | | - T Hamaoka
- Tokyo Medical University, Shinjyuku, Japan
| | - M Iemitsu
- Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
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16
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Kajimoto H, Inoue K, Horii N, Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Uchida M, Kato S, Shinohara Y, Miyachi M, Sanada K, Iemitsu M. Chronic Dietary Animal Protein Intake Cancels Resistance Training-induced Increase In Arterial Stiffness In Older Women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000760028.95018.8a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Shimomura M, Horii N, Fujie S, Inoue K, Hasegawa N, Iemitsu K, Uchida M, Iemitsu M. Decreased muscle-derived musclin by chronic resistance exercise is associated with improved insulin resistance in rats with type 2 diabetes. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14823. [PMID: 33955191 PMCID: PMC8100388 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic resistance exercise induces improved hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Musclin, a muscle‐derived secretory factor, is involved in the induction of insulin resistance via the downregulation of the glucose transporter‐4 (GLUT‐4) signaling pathway in skeletal muscles. However, whether musclin affects the mechanism of resistance exercise remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify whether decreased muscle‐derived musclin secretion in chronic resistance exercise is involved in the improvement of insulin resistance via the GLUT‐4 signaling pathway in rats with type 2 diabetes. Male, 20‐week‐old, Otsuka Long‐Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, a type 2 diabetes model, were randomly divided into two groups: sedentary control (OLETF‐Con) and chronic resistance exercise (OLETF‐RT; climbing a ladder three times a week on alternate days for 8 weeks), whereas Long‐Evans Tokushima Otsuka rats were used as the nondiabetic sedentary control group. OLETF‐Con rats showed increased fasting glucose levels, decreased insulin sensitivity index (QUICKI), muscle GLUT‐4 translocation, and protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation, and concomitantly increased muscle musclin expression. In contrast, OLETF‐RT rats significantly reduced muscle musclin expression, improved hyperglycemia, and QUICKI through an accelerated muscle GLUT‐4/Akt signaling pathway. Moreover, chronic resistance exercise‐induced reduction of muscle musclin was correlated with changes in fasting glucose, QUICKI, GLUT‐4 translocation, and Akt phosphorylation. These findings suggest that the reduction in muscle‐derived musclin production by chronic resistance exercise may be involved in improved insulin resistance in rats with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mio Shimomura
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Naoki Horii
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Inoue
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Natsuki Hasegawa
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Keiko Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
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18
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Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Horii N, Uchida M, Sanada K, Hamaoka T, Padilla J, Martinez-Lemus LA, Maeda S, Iemitsu M. Aerobic Exercise Restores Aging-Associated Reductions in Arterial Adropin Levels and Improves Adropin-Induced Nitric Oxide-Dependent Vasorelaxation. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020641. [PMID: 33938228 PMCID: PMC8200711 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.020641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Adropin is a peptide hormone that promotes nitric oxide (NO) production via activation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells. Its circulating levels are reduced with aging and increased with aerobic exercise training (AT). Using a mouse model, we hypothesized that AT restores aging-associated reductions in arterial and circulating adropin and improves adropin-induced NO-dependent vasorelaxation. Further, we hypothesized these findings would be consistent with data obtained in elderly humans. Methods and Results In the animal study, 50-week-old SAMP1 male mice that underwent 12 weeks of voluntary wheel running, or kept sedentary, were studied. A separate cohort of 25-week-old SAMP1 male mice were used as a mature adult sedentary group. In the human study, 14 healthy elderly subjects completed an 8-week AT program consisting of 45 minutes of cycling 3 days/week. In mice, we show that advanced age is associated with a decline in arterial and circulating levels of adropin along with deterioration of endothelial function, arterial NO production, and adropin-induced vasodilation. All these defects were restored by AT. Moreover, AT-induced increases in arterial adropin were correlated with increases in arterial eNOS phosphorylation and NO production. Consistently with these findings in mice, AT in elderly subjects enhanced circulating adropin levels and these effects were correlated with increases in circulating nitrite/nitrate (NOx) and endothelial function. Conclusions Changes in arterial adropin that occur with age or AT relate to alterations in endothelial function and NO production, supporting the notion that adropin should be considered a therapeutic target for vascular aging. Registration URL: https://www.umin.ac.jp; Unique identifier: UMIN000035520.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science Ritsumeikan University Shiga Japan.,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center University of Missouri MO
| | - Natsuki Hasegawa
- Research Organization of Science and Technology Ritsumeikan University Shiga Japan
| | - Naoki Horii
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science Ritsumeikan University Shiga Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Tokyo Japan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science Ritsumeikan University Shiga Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sanada
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science Ritsumeikan University Shiga Japan
| | - Takafumi Hamaoka
- Sports Medicine for Health Promotion Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center University of Missouri MO.,Nutrition and Exercise Physiology University of Missouri MO
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center University of Missouri MO.,Medical Pharmacology and Physiology University of Missouri MO
| | - Seiji Maeda
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science Ritsumeikan University Shiga Japan
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19
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Shimomura M, Horii N, Fujie S, Inoue K, Hasegawa N, Iemitsu K, Uchida M, Iemitsu M. Decreased Muscle‐derived Musclin by Chronic Resistance Exercise is Associated with Improved Insulin Resistance in Rats with Type 2 Diabetes. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.05350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mio Shimomura
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsu
| | - Naoki Horii
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsu
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceChiyoda‐ku
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsu
| | - Kenichiro Inoue
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsu
| | - Natsuki Hasegawa
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan UniversityKusatsu
| | - Keiko Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsu
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsu
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsu
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20
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Jurrissen T, Fujie S, Ramirez‐Perez F, Butler A, Banerjee S, Sacks H, Manrique‐Acevedo C, Martinez‐Lemus L, Padilla J. Loss of adropin causes arterial stiffening in mouse femoral and mesenteric arteries. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.03018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jurrissen
- Nutrition and Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- University of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterColumbiaMO
- Sport and Health ScienceDalton Cardiovascular Research CenterColumbiaMO
| | | | - Andrew Butler
- Pharmacological & Physiological ScienceSaint Louis UniversitySt. LouisMO
| | | | - Howard Sacks
- University of California at Los AngelesLos AngeleCA
| | - Camila Manrique‐Acevedo
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterColumbiaMO
- MedicineDalton Cardiovascular Research CenterColumbiaMO
| | - Luis Martinez‐Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterColumbiaMO
- Medical Pharmacology and PhysiologyDalton Cardiovascular Research CenterColumbiaMO
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Nutrition and Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- University of MissouriColumbiaMO
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21
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Shimomura M, Fujie S, Sanada K, Kajimoto H, Hamaoka T, Iemitsu M. Relationship between plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine and nitric oxide levels affects aerobic exercise training-induced reduction of arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults. Phys Act Nutr 2021; 25:16-22. [PMID: 33887824 PMCID: PMC8076586 DOI: 10.20463/pan.2021.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Aerobic exercise training (AT) reverses aging-induced deterioration of arterial stiffness via increased arterial nitric oxide (NO) production. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of NO synthase, was decreased by AT. However, whether AT-induced changes in ADMA levels are related to changes in nitrite/nitrate (NOx) levels remains unclear. Accordingly, we aimed to clarify whether the relationship between plasma ADMA and NOx levels affected the AT-induced reduction of arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults. Methods Thirty-one healthy middle-aged and older male and female subjects (66.4 ± 1.3 years) were randomly divided into two groups: exercise intervention and sedentary controls. Subjects in the training group completed an 8-week AT (60%-70% peak oxygen uptake [V̇O2peak] for 45 min, 3 days/week). Results AT significantly increased V̇O2peak (P < 0.05) and decreased carotid β-stiffness (P < 0.01). Moreover, plasma ADMA levels were significantly decreased while plasma NOx levels and NOx/ADMA ratio were significantly increased by AT (P < 0.01). Additionally, no sex differences in AT-induced changes of circulating ADMA and NOx levels, NOx/ADMA ratio, and carotid β-stiffness were observed. Furthermore, the AT-induced increase in circulating ADMA levels was negatively correlated with an increase in circulating NOx levels (r = -0.414, P < 0.05), and the AT-induced increase in NOx/ADMA ratio was negatively correlated with a decrease in carotid β-stiffness (r = -0.514, P < 0.01). Conclusion These results suggest that the increase in circulating NOx with reduction of ADMA elicited by AT is associated with a decrease in arterial stiffness regardless of sex in middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mio Shimomura
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sanada
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kajimoto
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hamaoka
- Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
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22
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Horii N, Hasegawa N, Fujie S, Iemitsu K, Uchida M, Hamaoka T, Iemitsu M. Effects of Dioscorea esculenta intake with resistance training on muscle hypertrophy and strength in sprint athletes. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020; 67:338-343. [PMID: 33293777 PMCID: PMC7705086 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.19-124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen hormones are important compounds related to body composition and exercise performance in athletes. The intake of Dioscorea esculenta, known as lesser yam, contains diosgenin and resistance training have been shown to normalize the secretion of androgen hormones. This study aimed to clarify the level of androgen hormone secretion and the effects of Dioscorea esculenta intake with resistance training on muscle hypertrophy and strength in athletes. First, in a cross-sectional study, we compared the serum androgen hormone [dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), testosterone, and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT)] levels between sprint athletes (n = 15) and non-athletes (n = 15). Second, in an 8-week intervention study, sprint athletes were randomly divided into 2 groups: resistance training with placebo (n = 8) or with Dioscorea esculenta (2,000 mg/day) intake (n = 7). The serum DHEA, free testosterone, and DHT levels were lower in athletes than in non-athletes. Dioscorea esculenta intake combined with resistance training increased the arm fat-free mass, the 1 repetition maximum of deadlift and snatch, and the serum DHEA, free testosterone, and DHT levels, compared with resistance training and placebo intake. The results suggested that Dioscorea esculenta intake combined with resistance training has further effects on muscle hypertrophy and strength in athletes by restoring secretion of androgen hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Horii
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Natsuki Hasegawa
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan.,Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Keiko Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hamaoka
- Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
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23
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Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Horii N, Inoue K, Uchida M, Iemitsu M. Effects of combined exercise training and Chlorella intake on vasorelaxation mediated by nitric oxide in aged mice. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 46:479-484. [PMID: 33186051 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic Chlorella intake and aerobic exercise training reduce arterial stiffness and increase circulating nitric oxide (NO) levels, which has beneficial effects. This study aimed to clarify the combined aortic NO-mediated effects of chronic Chlorella intake and aerobic exercise training on endothelial vasorelaxation in aged mice. In this study, 38-week-old male senescence-accelerated mouse prone 1 (SAMP1) mice were divided into aged sedentary control (Con), aerobic exercise training (AT; voluntary wheel running for 12 weeks), Chlorella intake (CH; 0.5% Chlorella powder in normal diet), and AT and CH combined (AT+CH) groups. Endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation by addition of acetylcholine to the isolated mouse aortic rings was significantly higher in the AT, CH, and AT+CH groups than in the Con group; a significantly greater effect was seen in the AT+CH group than in the AT and CH groups. Similarly, plasma and arterial nitrite/nitrate levels and arterial endothelial NO synthase phosphorylation were significantly higher in the AT, CH, and AT+CH groups than in the Con group; the AT+CH group had higher values than the AT and CH groups. Thus, chronic Chlorella intake combined with aerobic exercise training had pronounced effects on endothelial vasorelaxation in aged mice via an additive increase in arterial NO production. Novelty: Endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation was improved by Chlorella intake and exercise. Chlorella intake and exercise increased arterial Akt/eNOS/NO signaling. This combination approach further improved vasorelaxation via arterial NO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Natsuki Hasegawa
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Naoki Horii
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Inoue
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
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24
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Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Sanada K, Hamaoka T, Padilla J, Martinez-Lemus L, Maeda S, Iemitsu M. Time course of improvement in novel nitric oxide-regulated hormones in response to exercise training in middle-aged and older adults. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Cardiovascular disease risk augments with advance of age. The mechanism of the increased cardiovascular disease risk by aging is related to attenuation of arterial function via endothelium-derived relaxing factor, such as nitric oxide (NO). Recently, apelin and adropin have identified as NO-upregulated hormones, whereas augmented secretion of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) have identified as NO-downregulated hormones. However, the effects of exercise training-induced changes in NO-regulated hormones on the reduction of arterial stiffness via NO productions remain unclear.
Purpose
This study aimed to determine the time-dependent changes in NO-regulated hormones related to exercise-training effects of arterial stiffness via NO productions in healthy middle-aged and older adults.
Methods
Thirty-two Japanese healthy middle-aged and older subjects (67±1 years) were randomly divided into two groups: exercise intervention and sedentary controls. Subjects in the training group completed 8-week of aerobic exercise training (60–70% peak oxygen uptake [VO2peak] for 45 min, 3 days/week). We evaluated plasma nitrite/nitrate (NOx), apelin, and ADMA levels, serum apelin level and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) as an index of arterial stiffness, measured every 2 weeks for 8-week in the training group.
Results
cfPWV was gradually declined from baseline to 8-week and significantly decreased from baseline at weeks 6 (P<0.05) and 8 (P<0.01). Plasma NOx level was gradually elevated during exercise intervention and significantly increased from baseline at weeks 6 (P<0.05) and 8 (P<0.01). Interestingly, plasma apelin and serum adropin levels were gradually elevated during exercise intervention and significantly increased from baseline at weeks 4, 6 and 8 (each P<0.01). Additionally, plasma ADMA level was significantly decreased at 8-week intervention (P<0.01). Furthermore, the exercise training-induced increase in plasma NOx level was significantly correlated with the changes in circulating apelin (r=0.505, P<0.05), adropin (r=0.662, P<0.01), or ADMA (r=−0.483, P<0.05) levels before and after the 8-week. The exercise training-induced increase in plasma NOx level was significantly correlated with training-induced changes in circulating apelin (r=0.483, P<0.05) or adropin (r=0.556, P<0.05) before and after the 6-week.
Conclusions
These results suggest that the NO-upregulated hormones (apelin and adropin) were increased at the early stage of exercise training intervention and NO-downregulated hormone (ADMA) was decreased at the late stage of exercise training intervention, and these changes in NO-regulated hormones may be contributed to the reduction of arterial stiffness in the middle-aged and older adults.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fujie
- Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | | | - K Sanada
- Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - T Hamaoka
- Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Padilla
- University of Missouri, Columbia, United States of America
| | | | - S Maeda
- University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Iemitsu
- Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
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25
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Yamato Y, Higaki Y, Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Horii N, Aoyama H, Yamashina Y, Ogoh S, Iemitsu M. Acute effect of passive one-legged intermittent static stretching on regional blood flow in young men. Eur J Appl Physiol 2020; 121:331-337. [PMID: 33079234 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-020-04524-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Passive stretching reduces stiffness in the lower limb arteries of the stretched limb. To address this physiological mechanism, we measured the change in shear rate in the posterior tibial artery during a single bout of one-legged passive calf stretching compared with that in the non-stretched leg. METHODS The diameter, mean blood velocity, blood flow, and shear rate in the posterior tibial artery were measured using Doppler ultrasound before (baseline), during, and after a one-legged passive intermittent calf stretching procedure (six repetitions of 30-s static stretch with 10-s relaxation) in nine healthy young men. RESULTS In the posterior tibial artery of the stretched leg, the arterial diameter significantly decreased from baseline during the stretching period (baseline vs. stretching period of the 6th set, 0.19 ± 0.01 vs. 0.18 ± 0.01 cm, P < 0.05) without any change in shear rate and mean blood velocity. In contrast, during the relaxation period, the mean blood velocity (baseline vs. relaxation period of the 5th set, 2.98 ± 0.54 vs. 6.25 ± 1.48 cm/s) increased, and consequently, the shear rate (baseline vs. relaxation period of the 5th set, 66.75 ± 15.39 vs. 122.85 ± 29.40 s-1) increased (each P < 0.01); however, there was no change in arterial diameter. In contrast, these values in the non-stretched leg were unchanged at all-time points. CONCLUSIONS The stretching procedure increased the shear rate in the peripheral artery of the stretched leg during the relaxation period. This finding indicates that the local hemodynamic response (possibly through endothelial function), resulting from an increase in shear stress, may contribute to stretching-induced attenuation of local arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Yamato
- Department of Physical Therapy, Aino University, Osaka, Japan
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yuya Higaki
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Natsuki Hasegawa
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Naoki Horii
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Aoyama
- Department of Physical Therapy, Aino University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Shigehiko Ogoh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toyo University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
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26
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Horii N, Hasegawa N, Fujie S, Uchida M, Iemitsu M. Resistance exercise‐induced increase in muscle 5α‐dihydrotestosterone contributes to the activation of muscle Akt/mTOR/p70S6K‐ and Akt/AS160/GLUT4‐signaling pathways in type 2 diabetic rats. FASEB J 2020; 34:11047-11057. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903223rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Horii
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science Ritsumeikan University Kusatsu Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Chiyoda‐ku Japan
| | - Natsuki Hasegawa
- Research Organization of Science and Technology Ritsumeikan University Kusatsu Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science Ritsumeikan University Kusatsu Japan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science Ritsumeikan University Kusatsu Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science Ritsumeikan University Kusatsu Japan
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27
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Inoue K, Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Horii N, Uchida M, Iemitsu K, Sanada K, Hamaoka T, Iemitsu M. Aerobic exercise training-induced irisin secretion is associated with the reduction of arterial stiffness via nitric oxide production in adults with obesity. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 45:715-722. [PMID: 31860334 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify whether muscle-derived irisin secretion induced by aerobic exercise training is involved in reduction of arterial stiffness via arterial nitric oxide (NO) productivity in obesity. In animal study, 16 Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats with obesity were randomly divided into 2 groups: sedentary control (OLETF-CON) and 8-week aerobic treadmill training (OLETF-EX) groups. In human study, 15 subjects with obesity completed 8-week aerobic exercise training for 45 min at 60%-70% peak oxygen uptake intensity for 3 days/week. As a result of animal study, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was decreased, and arterial phosphorylation levels of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), protein kinase B (Akt), and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), circulating levels of nitrite/nitrate (NOx) and irisin, and muscle messenger RNA expression of fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (Fndc5) were increased in the OLETF-EX group compared with OLETF-CON group. In a human study, regular aerobic exercise reduced cfPWV and elevated circulating levels of NOx and irisin. Furthermore, change in circulating irisin levels by regular exercise was positively correlated with circulating NOx levels and was negatively correlated with cfPWV. Thus, aerobic exercise training-induced increase in irisin secretion may be related to reduction of arterial stiffness achieved by NO production via activated arterial AMPK-Akt-eNOS signaling pathway in obesity. Novelty Aerobic exercise training promoted irisin secretion with upregulation of muscle Fndc5 gene expression in rats with obesity. Irisin affected the activation of arterial AMPK-Akt-eNOS signaling by aerobic exercise training. Increased serum irisin level by aerobic exercise training was associated with reduction of arterial stiffness in obese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Inoue
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuki Hasegawa
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Naoki Horii
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Keiko Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sanada
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hamaoka
- Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
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28
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Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Sanada K, Hamaoka T, Maeda S, Padilla J, Martinez-Lemus LA, Iemitsu M. Increased serum salusin-α by aerobic exercise training correlates with improvements in arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:1201-1212. [PMID: 31918410 PMCID: PMC7053613 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Aging causes arterial stiffening which can be mitigated by increased physical activity. Although low circulating levels of salusin-α are associated with cardiovascular disease, whether salusin-α decreases with aging and whether the reduced arterial stiffening occurring with exercise training is associated with increased serum salusin-α is unknown. Herein we assessed carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures in a cross-sectional study that compared young (20-39-year-old, n=45) versus middle-aged and older (40-80-year-old, n=60) subjects. We also performed an interventional study in which 36 young and 40 middle-aged and older subjects underwent eight weeks of aerobic exercise training. In the cross-sectional study, serum salusin-α levels were lesser in middle-aged and older subjects compared to young individuals and negatively correlated with age, SBP, DBP, or cfPWV. In the interventional study, exercise training increased serum salusin-α in middle-aged and older subjects. Notably, negative correlations were noted between the exercise training-induced changes in serum salusin-α and cfPWV, SBP and DBP. Results indicate that advanced age associates with low circulating salusin-α, the levels of which can be augmented by exercise training. Importantly, increased serum salusin-α with exercise correlates with improvements in arterial stiffness and a reduction in blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Natsuki Hasegawa
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sanada
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hamaoka
- Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Maeda
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Luis A. Martinez-Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
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29
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Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Sanada K, Hamaoka T, Maeda S, Iemitsu M. 62 Time course of improvement in secretory unbalance of asymmetric dimethylarginine and nitric oxide productions in response to exercise training in middle-aged and older adults. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehz872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (#17H02182, #16K13059, M. Iemitsu; #18J01024, S. Fujie)
Introduction
Aging is well known to elevate risks of cardiovascular diseases. As a mechanism of these increased risks with aging, a reduction of nitric oxide (NO) production via augmented secretion of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of NO synthesis is related. Habitual aerobic exercise has shown to improve secretory unbalance of endothelium-derived regulating factors with aging, such as increase in NO and decrease in ADMA, resulting in the reduction of arterial stiffness. However, the time course of improvement in secretory unbalance of NO and ADMA productions in response to exercise training in middle-aged and older adults remains unclear.
Purpose
This study aimed to determine the time course of changes in plasma nitrite/nitrate (NOx) and ADMA levels related to exercise-training effects of arterial stiffness in healthy middle-aged and older adults.
Methods
Thirty-two Japanese healthy middle-aged and older subjects (67 ± 1 years) were randomly divided into two groups: exercise intervention and sedentary controls. Subjects in the training group completed 8-week of aerobic exercise training (60-70% peak oxygen uptake [VO2peak] for 45 min, 3 days/week). We evaluated plasma NOx and ADMA concentrations and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) as an index of arterial stiffness, measured every 2 weeks for 8-week in the training group.
Results
cfPWV was gradually declined from baseline to 8-week and significantly decreased from baseline at weeks 6 (P < 0.05) and 8 (P < 0.01). Plasma NOx level was gradually elevated during exercise intervention and significantly increased from baseline at weeks 6 (P < 0.05) and 8 (P < 0.01). Interestingly, plasma ADMA level was significantly decreased at 8-week intervention (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the exercise training-induced reduction in plasma ADMA level was negatively correlated with the change in plasma NOx level before and after the 8-week (r = -0.483, P < 0.05). The exercise training-induced change in plasma ADMA concentration was positively correlated with training-induced change in cfPWV before and after the 8-week (r = 0.633, P < 0.01). Additionally, there was a negative correlation between the changes in plasma NOx level and cfPWV before and after the 8-week (r = -0.642, P < 0.05).
Conclusions
These results suggest that habitual aerobic exercise can normalize the secretory unbalance of NO and ADMA productions in 6 to 8 weeks, and these balance normalizations may be contributed to the reduction of arterial stiffness in the middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fujie
- University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - K Sanada
- Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - T Hamaoka
- Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Maeda
- University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Iemitsu
- Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
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30
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Padilla J, Woodford ML, Lastra-Gonzalez G, Martinez-Diaz V, Fujie S, Yang Y, Lising AMC, Ramirez-Perez FI, Aroor AR, Morales-Quinones M, Ghiarone T, Whaley-Connell A, Martinez-Lemus LA, Hill MA, Manrique-Acevedo C. Sexual Dimorphism in Obesity-Associated Endothelial ENaC Activity and Stiffening in Mice. Endocrinology 2019; 160:2918-2928. [PMID: 31617909 PMCID: PMC6853665 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and insulin resistance stiffen the vasculature, with females appearing to be more adversely affected. As augmented arterial stiffness is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD), the increased predisposition of women with obesity and insulin resistance to arterial stiffening may explain their heightened risk for CVD. However, the cellular mechanisms by which females are more vulnerable to arterial stiffening associated with obesity and insulin resistance remain largely unknown. In this study, we provide evidence that female mice are more susceptible to Western diet-induced endothelial cell stiffening compared with age-matched males. Mechanistically, we show that the increased stiffening of the vascular intima in Western diet-fed female mice is accompanied by enhanced epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) activity in endothelial cells (EnNaC). Our data further indicate that: (i) estrogen signaling through estrogen receptor α (ERα) increases EnNaC activity to a larger extent in females compared with males, (ii) estrogen-induced activation of EnNaC is mediated by the serum/glucocorticoid inducible kinase 1 (SGK-1), and (iii) estrogen signaling stiffens endothelial cells when nitric oxide is lacking and this stiffening effect can be reduced with amiloride, an ENaC inhibitor. In aggregate, we demonstrate a sexual dimorphism in obesity-associated endothelial stiffening, whereby females are more vulnerable than males. In females, endothelial stiffening with obesity may be attributed to estrogen signaling through the ERα-SGK-1-EnNaC axis, thus establishing a putative therapeutic target for female obesity-related vascular stiffening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Padilla
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Makenzie L Woodford
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Guido Lastra-Gonzalez
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Vanesa Martinez-Diaz
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yan Yang
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Alexandre M C Lising
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Francisco I Ramirez-Perez
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Annayya R Aroor
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - Thaysa Ghiarone
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Adam Whaley-Connell
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Michael A Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Camila Manrique-Acevedo
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- Correspondence: Camila Manrique-Acevedo, MD, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, D109 Diabetes Center UHC, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65212. E-mail:
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Uchida M, Horii N, Hasegawa N, Fujie S, Oyanagi E, Yano H, Iemitsu M. Gene Expression Profiles for Macrophage in Tissues in Response to Different Exercise Training Protocols in Senescence Mice. Front Sports Act Living 2019; 1:50. [PMID: 33344973 PMCID: PMC7739569 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2019.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-induced chronic inflammation is prevented by aerobic and resistance exercise training. However, the effects of the mechanism of exercise on chronic inflammation in each tissue remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resistance and aerobic training on gene expression profiles for macrophage infiltration and polarization (M1/M2 ratio) with chronic inflammation in various tissues of aged model mice. Male 38-week-old SAMP1 (senescence-accelerated prone mouse 1) mice were randomly divided into three groups—sedentary (Aged-Sed-SAMP1), aerobic training (Aged-AT-SAMP1; voluntary running), and resistance training—for 12 weeks (Aged-RT-SAMP1; climbing ladder). Resistance and aerobic exercise training prevented an increase in circulating TNF-α levels (a marker of systemic inflammation) in aged SAMP1 mice, along with decreases in tissue inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α and IL-1β) mRNA expression in the heart, liver, small intestine, brain, aorta, adipose, and skeletal muscle, but it did not change the levels in the lung, spleen, and large intestine. Moreover, resistance and aerobic exercise training attenuated increases in F4/80 mRNA expression (macrophage infiltration), the ratio of CD11c/CD163 mRNA expression (M1/M2 macrophage polarization), and MCP-1 mRNA expression (chemokine: a regulator of chronic inflammation) in the chronic inflamed tissues of aged SAMP1 mice. These results suggested that resistance and aerobic exercise training-induced changes in gene expression for macrophage infiltration and polarization in various tissues might be involved in the prevention of age-related tissue chronic inflammation, and lead to a reduction of the increase in circulating TNF-α levels, as a marker of systemic inflammation, in aged SAMP1 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Uchida
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Naoki Horii
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuki Hasegawa
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Health and Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Eri Oyanagi
- Department of Health and Sports Science, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Hiromi Yano
- Department of Health and Sports Science, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
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Hasegawa N, Fujie S, Horii N, Uchida M, Iemitsu M. P1534Short time and short term of high-intensity intermittent exercise training reduces arterial stiffness via upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide signalling. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Conventionally, as an exercise mode which leads to reduction of arterial stiffness, it is well used that moderate-intensity continuous exercise training (MICT). High-intensity interval training (HIIT), such as HIIT program with a total exercise time of 15–30 min is highly time-effective as an exercise mode for which reduces risks of cardiovascular disease. Recent study showed that even shorter HIIT leads to an effective reduction in arterial stiffness. Therefore, HIIT is an effectively exercise therapy which can use in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Although MICT induces vasodilation by acceleration of nitric oxide (NO) production via upregulating arterial endothelial NO synthase (eNOS)/protein kinase B (Akt) signalling pathway, an underlying mechanism of HIIT effects remains unclear.
Purpose
This study aimed to clarify the effects of short HIIT on arterial stiffness and arterial NO production in rats.
Methods
Forty 10-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups; CON: 8-week sedentary control, MICT: treadmill running for 60 min at 30m/min, 5 days/wk for 8weeks, HIIT: fourteen 20 sec swimming sessions with a weight equivalent to 14–16% of each body weight and 10 sec pause was allowed between exercise sessions, 4 days/wk for 6 weeks from 12-week-old, and RT: ladder climbing, 8–10sets/day, 3 days/wk for 8 weeks groups (n=10 each group). After training session, we measured aortic pulse wave velocity (aortic PWV) as an index of arterial stiffness and plasma nitrite/nitrate (NOx) concentrations and phosphorylation of eNOS and Akt in the aorta.
Results
Aortic PWV was significantly reduced in both MICT and HIIT groups as compared to CON and RT groups (P<0.05), whereas there was no difference between RT and CON groups. Additionally, arterial phosphorylations of eNOS and Akt and plasma NOx levels were significantly elevated in both MICT and HIIT groups as compared to CON and RT groups (P<0.05), whereas there was no difference between RT and CON groups. Moreover, HIIT-induced reduction of aortic PWV and increase in eNOS and Akt phosphorylations and plasma NOx levels were equal to these MICT effects. Arterial eNOS phosphorylation was negatively correlated with aortic PWV in all groups (r=−0.38, P<0.05). Further study was conducted whether a single-bout high-intensity intermittent exercise accelerates NO production. After acute high-intensity intermittent exercise, plasma NOx levels were significantly elevated (P<0.05).
Conclusion
These results suggest that HIIT increases NO production via the upregulation of arterial Akt/eNOS signalling pathway, resulting in the reduction of arterial stiffness, despite a reduction in total exercise volume as compared with MICT.
Acknowledgement/Funding
JSPS KAKENHI (#17H02182 and #16K13059 for M. Iemitsu; #18H06423 for N. Hasegawa)
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hasegawa
- Ritsumeikan University, Research Organization of Science and Technology, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - S Fujie
- University of Tsukuba, Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - N Horii
- Ritsumeikan University, Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - M Uchida
- Ritsumeikan University, Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - M Iemitsu
- Ritsumeikan University, Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Kusatsu, Japan
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Hasegawa N, Fujie S, Horii N, Uchida M, Toyama Y, Inoue K, Sanada K, Hamaoka T, Iemitsu M. Aging-induced elevation in circulating complement C1q level is associated with arterial stiffness. Exp Gerontol 2019; 124:110650. [PMID: 31279001 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) are candidate blood biomarkers of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, no consensus has been reached on the relationships between aging-induced secretion of cytokines and CVD risk. Complement C1q (C1q) secretion increases with aging, and C1q induces proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Therefore, the secretion of C1q with aging may be a risk factor of CVD and reflect arterial stiffening and blood pressures. This study aimed to clarify whether aging-induced increase in serum C1q, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels are associated with arterial stiffness. One hundred twenty-seven healthy subjects participated in this study. Serum C1q, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV; arterial stiffness index) in middle-aged and older subjects (≥40 years) were significantly increased as compared with those in young subjects (<40 years; P < 0.05). The serum C1q, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels positively correlated with cfPWV (P < 0.05). Furthermore, C1q level contributed independently to the cfPWV variation after adjustment for 11 confounders. Moreover, serum C1q level is associated with cfPWV regardless of sex, but these relationships with TNF-α or IL-6 differed between sex. Importantly, cfPWV gradually increased from the age of 30 years, with simultaneous increase in circulating C1q level. However, TNF-α and IL-6 levels increased after age 50 years, later than the increase in C1q. These results suggest that serum C1q level may reflect the elevation of arterial stiffness that occurs with advancing age and has a potential as a novel biomarker of arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Hasegawa
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu City, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Horii
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu City, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu City, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yuta Toyama
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu City, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Inoue
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu City, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sanada
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu City, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hamaoka
- Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu City, Shiga, Japan.
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Toyama Y, Hasegawa N, Horii N, Inoue K, Iemitsu K, Fujie S, Uchida M, Iemitsu M. Effect of Musclin on Aerobic Training-induced Reduction of Arterial Stiffness in Obese Rats. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000562508.45249.5b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hasegawa N, Fujie S, Horii N, Hamaoka T, Iemitsu M. Effects Of Carbonated Sports Drink Intake After High-intensity Exercise On Fatigue Recovery In Athletic Sprinters. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000561686.45108.2f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Inoue K, Hasegawa N, Fujie S, Horii N, Uchida M, Iemitsu M. Aerobic Training-induced Increase In Follistatin-like 1 Secretion Is Associated With eNOS Phosphorylation In Diabetic Rats. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000562504.22378.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Horii N, Uchida M, Maeda S, Padilla J, Martinez-Lemus LA, Iemitsu M. Changes in Arterial Adropin Levels by Age and Aerobic Training Is Related to Arterial Vasodilation. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000562476.11569.df] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Numa A, Iemitsu K, Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Horii N, Uchida M, Tabata I, Shinohara Y, Iemitsu M. Effects of Collagen Gene Polymorphisms on Tendon And Ligament Inflammations in Japanese Male Endurance Athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000562231.96352.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Horii N, Hasegawa N, Fujie S, Uchida M, Iemitsu K, Inoue K, Iemitsu M. Effect of combination of chlorella intake and aerobic exercise training on glycemic control in type 2 diabetic rats. Nutrition 2019; 63-64:45-50. [PMID: 30928787 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chlorella is a type of unicellular green algae that contains various nutrients. Habitual exercise and chlorella treatment can improve insulin resistance in obese or diabetic animal models. However, the additive effects of combined chlorella intake and aerobic exercise training remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a combination of chlorella intake and aerobic exercise training would produce greater effects on improving glycemic control in rats with type 2 diabetes. METHODS Twenty-wk-old male rats with type 2 diabetes (Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty [OLETF] rats) were randomly divided into four groups: sedentary control, aerobic exercise training (treadmill running for 1 h, 25m/min, 5 d/wk), chlorella intake (0.5% chlorella powder in normal diet), or combination of aerobic exercise training and chlorella intake for 8 wk (n = 7 per group). RESULTS Chlorella intake and aerobic exercise training significantly decreased fasting blood glucose, insulin levels, and total glucose area under the curve during the oral glucose tolerance test and increased the insulin sensitivity index concomitant with muscle phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) activity, protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation, and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation levels. Furthermore, a combination of chlorella intake and aerobic exercise training significantly further improved these effects compared with aerobic exercise training or chlorella intake alone. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that chlorella intake combined with aerobic exercise training had more pronounced effects on the improvement of glycemic control via further activation of muscle PI3K/Akt/GLUT4 signaling in rats with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Horii
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan; Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuki Hasegawa
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi, Tokyo, Japan; Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Keiko Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Inoue
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.
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Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Horii N, Oshiden M, Tsuji K, Xu Y, Mizoguchi T, Okumura E, Tabata I, Iemitsu M. Chlorella Intake Further Enhances Anaerobic And Aerobic Capacities Increased By High Intensity Intermittent Training. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000538527.08359.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hasegawa N, Fujie S, Horii N, Miyamoto-Mikami E, Tsuji K, Uchida M, Hamaoka T, Tabata I, Iemitsu M. Different Responses Of Arterial Stiffness And Nitric Oxide Bioavailability To Different Exercise Training Programs. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000536865.70073.b6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Inoue K, Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Horii N, Sanada K, Hamaoka T, Iemitsu M. Increased Serum Irisin Level By Aerobic Training Is Involved In NO Production In Obese Rats. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000536901.93837.ef] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Horii N, Uchida M, Hasegawa N, Fujie S, Oyanagi E, Yano H, Hashimoto T, Iemitsu M. Resistance Training-induced Decrease In Circulating C1q Is Associated With Attenuated Muscle Degradation In Senescent Mice. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000538671.44545.db] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Horii N, Uchida M, Hasegawa N, Fujie S, Oyanagi E, Yano H, Hashimoto T, Iemitsu M. Resistance training prevents muscle fibrosis and atrophy
via
down‐regulation of C1q‐induced Wnt signaling in senescent mice. FASEB J 2018; 32:3547-3559. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700772rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Horii
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
| | - Natsuki Hasegawa
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceTokyoJapan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceTokyoJapan
| | - Eri Oyanagi
- Department of Health and Sports ScienceKawasaki University of Medical WelfareOkayamaJapan
| | - Hiromi Yano
- Department of Health and Sports ScienceKawasaki University of Medical WelfareOkayamaJapan
| | | | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityShigaJapan
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Hasegawa N, Fujie S, Horii N, Uchida M, Kurihara T, Sanada K, Hamaoka T, Iemitsu M. Aerobic exercise training-induced changes in serum C1q/TNF-related protein levels are associated with reduced arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2018; 314:R94-R101. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00212.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin regulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase in endothelial cells, and body fat loss by aerobic exercise training promotes adiponectin secretion. Recently, C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related proteins (CTRPs) have been identified as novel adipokines and are paralogs of adiponectin, but the association between exercise training-induced reduction of arterial stiffness and circulating CTRPs levels remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify whether the reduction of arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults is associated with the change in serum levels of CTRPs induced by exercise training. A total of 52 middle-aged and older participants were randomly divided into two groups: a training group ( n = 26) and a sedentary control group ( n = 26). Participants in the training group completed 8 wk of aerobic exercise training (60–70% peak oxygen uptake for 45 min, 3 days/wk). The reduction of percent whole body fat, abdominal visceral fat area, and carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity (cfPWV) was significantly greater in the training group than in the control group ( P < 0.05). Moreover, the increase in serum adiponectin, CTRP3, and CTRP5 from baseline to 8 wk was significantly higher in the training group compared with the control group ( P < 0.05). Additionally, the training-induced change in cfPWV was negatively correlated with the training-induced change in serum adiponectin, CTRP3, and CTRP5 levels ( r = −0.51, r = −0.48, r = −0.42, respectively, P < 0.05), and increased plasma nitrite/nitrate level by exercise training was correlated only with adiponectin levels ( r = 0.41, P < 0.05). These results suggest that the exercise training-induced increase in serum CTRPs levels may be associated with the reduction of arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Hasegawa
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Horii
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kurihara
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sanada
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hamaoka
- Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
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Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Uchida M, Horii N, Sanada K, Hamaoka T, Iemitsu M. Serum Salusin-α Level Is Associated With Exercise Training-induced Reduction Of Arterial Stiffness In The Elderly. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000519168.61946.bf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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47
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Horii N, Hasegawa N, Fujie S, Uchida M, Miyamoto-Mikami E, Hashimoto T, Tabata I, Iemitsu M. High Intensity Intermittent Training And Chlorella Intake Enhance Muscle Glycolytic And Oxidative Metabolism In Rats. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000519530.52714.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Numa A, Fujie S, Hasegawa N, Horii N, Oshiden M, Uchida M, Tabata I, Iemitsu M. RANK Gene Polymorphism Is Associated With Incidence Of Stress Fractures In Japanese Female Endurance Athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000517976.48616.a6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Hasegawa N, Fujie S, Uchida M, Horii N, Kurihara T, Sanada K, Hamaoka T, Iemitsu M. Serum CTRPs Levels Are Associated With Exercise Training-induced Reduction Of Arterial Stiffness In The Elderly. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000519166.54322.1a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yamato Y, Hasegawa N, Fujie S, Ogoh S, Iemitsu M. Acute effect of stretching one leg on regional arterial stiffness in young men. Eur J Appl Physiol 2017; 117:1227-1232. [PMID: 28397006 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-017-3609-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our previous study demonstrated that a single bout of stretching exercises acutely reduced arterial stiffness. We hypothesized that this acute vascular response is due to regional mechanical stimulation of the peripheral arteries. To test this hypothesis, we examined the effect of a single bout of passive one leg stretching on arterial stiffness, comparing the stretched and the non-stretched leg in the same subject. METHODS Twenty-five healthy young men (20.9 ± 0.3 years, 172.5 ± 1.4 cm, 64.1 ± 1.2 kg) volunteered for the study. Subjects underwent a passive calf stretching on one leg (six repetitions of 30-s static stretch with a 10-s recovery). Pulse wave velocity (PWV, an index of arterial stiffness), blood pressure (BP), and heart rate (HR) were measured before and immediately, 15, and 30 min after the stretching. RESULTS Femoral-ankle PWV (faPWV) in the stretched leg was significantly decreased from baseline (835.0 ± 15.9 cm/s) to immediately (802.9 ± 16.8 cm/s, P < 0.01) and 15 min (810.5 ± 16.0 cm/s, P < 0.01) after the stretching, despite no changes in systolic and diastolic BP, or HR. However, faPWV in the non-stretched leg was not significantly altered at any time. Brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV) also showed similar responses with faPWV, but this response was not significant. Additionally, the passive stretching did not alter carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that mechanical stimulation to peripheral arteries as induced by static passive stretch may modulate arterial wall properties directly, rather than resulting in a systemic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Yamato
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Aino University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Natsuki Hasegawa
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Shigehiko Ogoh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toyo University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
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