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Prodel E, Souza R, Divino B, Rocha HNM, Rocha NG, Nobrega ACL. Hyperaemia during dynamic handgrip exercise is preserved in healthy young subjects after recovery from COVID-19. Exp Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38460126 DOI: 10.1113/ep091656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
We sought to investigate possible impaired hyperaemia during dynamic handgrip exercise (HGE) in young healthy individuals who had recovered from COVID-19. We tested the vascular function in individuals recovered from COVID-19 using a nitric oxide donor (i.e., sodium nitroprusside; SNP), which could revert a possible impaired endothelial function during HGE. Further, we tested whether individuals who recovered from COVID-19 would present exaggerated brachial vascular resistance under an adrenergic agonist (i.e., phenylephrine; PHE) stimuli during HGE. Participants were distributed into two groups: healthy controls (Control; men: n = 6, 30 ± 3 years, 26 ± 1 kg/m2 ; and women: n = 5, 25 ± 1 years, 25 ± 1 kg/m2 ) and subjects recovered from COVID-19 (post-COVID; men: n = 6, 29 ± 3 years, 25 ± 1 kg/m2 ; and women: n = 10, 32 ± 4 years, 22 ± 1 kg/m2 ). Participants in the post-COVID group tested positive (RT-PCR) 12-14 weeks before the protocol. Heart rate (HR), brachial blood pressure (BP), brachial blood flow (BBF) and vascular conductance (BVC) at rest were not different between groups. The HGE increased HR (Control: Δ9 ± 0.4 bpm; and post-COVID: Δ11 ± 0.4 bpm) and BP (Control: Δ6 ± 1 mmHg; and post-COVID: Δ12 ± 0.6 mmHg) in both groups. Likewise, BBF (Control: Δ632 ± 38 ml/min; and post-COVID: Δ620 ± 27 ml/min) and BVC (Control: Δ6.6 ± 0.4 ml/min/mmHg; and post-COVID: Δ6.1 ± 0.3 ml/min/mmHg) increased during HGE. SNP did not change HGE-induced hyperaemia but did decrease BP, which induced a reflex-related increase in HR. PHE infusion also did not change the HGE-induced hyperaemia but raised BP and reduced HR. In conclusion, exercise-induced hyperaemia is preserved in healthy young subjects 12-14 weeks after recovery from COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Prodel
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Roberto Souza
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Divino
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Helena N M Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Natalia G Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Antonio C L Nobrega
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
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Rocha HNM, Velasco LL, Batista GMS, Storch AS, Garcia VP, Teixeira GF, Mentzinger J, da Nóbrega ACL, Rocha NG. Ascorbic acid prevents stress-induced hypercoagulability in overweight and obese individuals. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3122. [PMID: 38326408 PMCID: PMC10850162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53794-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AA) may contribute to restoring hemostatic balance after mental stress (MS) in overweight/obese adults. We aimed to determine the effects of AA administration on hemostatic responses to MS in overweight/obese men. Fourteen overweight/obesity men (27 ± 7 years; BMI: 29.7 ± 2.6 kg m-2) performed the Stroop color-word stress task for 5 min after non-simultaneous infusion of placebo (PL, 0.9% NaCl) and AA (3 g). Blood was collected at baseline, during MS, and 60 min after MS to measure: activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and fibrinogen concentration, by coagulometer; platelet-derived microvesicles (PMV, mv/μL), by flow cytometry; nitrite (μM), by chemiluminescence. In PL session, MS led to decreases in PTs (stress, p = 0.03; 60 min, p < 0.001), PT-INR (stress, p < 0.001; 60 min, p < 0.01), aPTTs (60 min, p = 0.03), aPTT ratio (60 min, p = 0.04) and fibrinogen (60 min, p = 0.04), while increased PT activity (60 min, p = 0.01) when compared to baseline. Furthermore, AA increased PTs (60 min, p < 0.001), PT-INR (60 min, p = 0.03) and decreased PT activity (60 min, p < 0.001) and fibrinogen (stress, p = 0.04) when compared to PL. Nitrite was increased in response to stress during AA session (p < 0.001 vs PL). There was no difference in PMV. Ascorbic acid prevented the impaired hemostatic profile and improved nitrite response to stress in the overweight and obese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena N M Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, RJ, 24.020-150, Brazil
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) - Physical (In)Activity and Exercise, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Larissa L Velasco
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, RJ, 24.020-150, Brazil
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriel M S Batista
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, RJ, 24.020-150, Brazil
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Amanda S Storch
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, RJ, 24.020-150, Brazil
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vinicius P Garcia
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, RJ, 24.020-150, Brazil
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) - Physical (In)Activity and Exercise, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriel F Teixeira
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, RJ, 24.020-150, Brazil
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana Mentzinger
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, RJ, 24.020-150, Brazil
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio C L da Nóbrega
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, RJ, 24.020-150, Brazil
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) - Physical (In)Activity and Exercise, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natália G Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, RJ, 24.020-150, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) - Physical (In)Activity and Exercise, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Rua Alameda Barros Terra, Sala 110, São Domingos, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Gondim ML, Rocha HNM, Mira PAC, Nobrega ACL, Prodel E. Effects of alpha-adrenergic receptor blockade on coronary circulation in postmenopausal women. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:2779-2790. [PMID: 37368136 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
We sought to investigate the effect of the α1-adrenergic receptor blockade during handgrip exercise (Grip), isolated metaboreflex activation (Metabo), and cold pressor test (CPT) on coronary circulation in young (YW) and postmenopausal women (PMW). Ten YW and 9 PMW underwent two protocols: (1) 3 min of baseline followed by 3 min of CPT and (2) 3 min of rest, 3 min of Grip followed by 3 min of Metabo. Protocols were carried out under control conditions and α1-adrenergic receptor blockade (oral prazosin 0.03 mg·kg-1). Coronary blood velocity (CBV) and vascular conductance (CCI) were lower in PMW. Grip increased CBV only in YW (YW: Δ18.0 ± 21.1% vs. PMW: Δ4.2 ± 10.1%; p < 0.05), and the blockade did not change the CBV response to Grip in YW and PMW. During the Metabo, CBV returned to resting levels in YW and was unchanged from rest in PMW, before (YW:Δ1.7 ± 8.7% vs. PMW: Δ- 1.5 ± 8.6) and under the blockade (YW: Δ4.5 ± 14.8% vs. PMW: Δ9.1 ± 29.5%). CPT did not change CBV in both groups (YW: Δ3.9 ± 8.0 vs. PMW: Δ- 4.1 ± 6.2%), following the α1-blockade, CPT increased CBV only in YW (YW: Δ11.2 ± 12.8% vs. PMW: Δ2.2 ± 7.1%; p < 0.05 for group and condition). CCI decreased during Grip, Metabo, and CPT in YW and PMW, while the blockade prevented that decrease only in YW. The α1-adrenergic receptor plays a role in the control of coronary circulation in young women, evoking stronger vasoconstriction during CPT than Grip and Metabo in YW. PMW have impaired vasomotor control in the coronary circulation, which seems not to be caused by the α1-adrenergic receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maitê L Gondim
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Helena N M Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Pedro A C Mira
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Antonio C L Nobrega
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Eliza Prodel
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil.
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Prodel E, Cavalvanti T, Divino B, Rocha HNM, Nobrega ACL. Sympathetic control of the coronary circulation during trigeminal nerve stimulation in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:2063-2071. [PMID: 37179503 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05208-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to investigate the sympathetic mechanism controlling coronary circulation during trigeminal nerve stimulation in healthy women. METHODS The protocol consisted of 3 min of trigeminal nerve stimulation (TGS) with cold stimuli to the face, in two conditions: (1) control and β-blockade (oral propranolol), and (2) control and α-blockade (oral prazosin). RESULTS Thirty-one healthy young subjects (women: n = 13; men: n = 18) participated in the study. By design, TGS decreased heart rate (HR), and increased blood pressure (BP) and cardiac output (CO). Before the β-blockade coronary blood velocity (CBV-Δ1.4 ± 1.3 cm s-1) increased along with the decrease of coronary vascular conductance index (CVCi-Δ-0.04 ± 0.04 cm s-1 mmHg-1) during TGS and the β-blockade abolished the CBV increase and a further decrease of CVCi was observed with TGS (Δ-0.06 ± 0.07 cm s-1 mmHg-1). During the α-blockade condition before the blockade, the CBV increased (Δ0.93 ± 1.48 cm s-1) along with the decrease of CVCi (Δ-0.05 ± 1.12 cm s-1 mmHg-1) during TGS, after the α-blockade CBV (Δ0.98 ± cm s-1) and CVCi (Δ-0.03 ± 0.06 cm s-1 mmHg-1) response to TGS did not change. CONCLUSION Coronary circulation increases during sympathetic stimulation even with a decrease in heart rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Prodel
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Alameda Barros Terra S/N, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- National Institute for Science & Technology-INCT (In)Activity & Exercise, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Cavalvanti
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Alameda Barros Terra S/N, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science & Technology-INCT (In)Activity & Exercise, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Divino
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Alameda Barros Terra S/N, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science & Technology-INCT (In)Activity & Exercise, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Helena N M Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Alameda Barros Terra S/N, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science & Technology-INCT (In)Activity & Exercise, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio C L Nobrega
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Alameda Barros Terra S/N, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science & Technology-INCT (In)Activity & Exercise, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Rocha HNM, Teixeira GF, Batista GMS, Storch AS, Garcia VP, Mentzinger J, Gomes EAC, Campos MO, Nóbrega ACL, Rocha NG. AT1R blocker prevents mental stress induced retrograde blood flow in overweight/obese men. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15566. [PMID: 36636769 PMCID: PMC9837474 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The main goal was to determine the impact of mental stress (MS) on blood flow regulation in overweight/obese men. Fourteen overweight/obese men (27 ± 7 years; 29.8 ± 2.6 kg/m2 ) participated in two randomized experimental sessions with oral administration of the AT1R blocker Olmesartan (40 mg; AT1RB) or placebo (PL). After 2 h, a 5-min acute MS session (Stroop Color Word Test) was administered. Blood flow was assessed at baseline and during the first 3 min of MS by vascular ultrasound in the brachial artery. Blood was collected before (baseline) and during mental stress (MS) for measurement of nitrite (chemiluminescence) and endothelin-1 (ELISA kit). The AT1R blocker was able to reverse the MS responses observed in the placebo session for retrograde flow (p < 0.01), retrograde SR (p < 0.01) and oscillatory shear index (p = 0.01). Regarding vasoactive substances, no differences were observed in ET-1 (p > 0.05) responses to MS between experimental sessions. However, for nitrite responses, the administration of the AT1R blocker was able to increase circulating levels of NO (p = 0.03) Blockade of AT1R appears to prevent the decrease in endothelial function by reducing low shear stress and maintaining the vasoactive substances balance after MS in overweight/obese men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena N. M. Rocha
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Exercise SciencesFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Integrative CardiometabologyFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) ‐ Physical (In)activity and Exercise, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Fluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
| | - Gabriel F. Teixeira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Exercise SciencesFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Integrative CardiometabologyFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
| | - Gabriel M. S. Batista
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Exercise SciencesFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Integrative CardiometabologyFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) ‐ Physical (In)activity and Exercise, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Fluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
| | - Amanda S. Storch
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Exercise SciencesFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Integrative CardiometabologyFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) ‐ Physical (In)activity and Exercise, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Fluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
| | - Vinicius P. Garcia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Exercise SciencesFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Integrative CardiometabologyFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) ‐ Physical (In)activity and Exercise, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Fluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
| | - Juliana Mentzinger
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Exercise SciencesFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Integrative CardiometabologyFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
| | - Erika A. C. Gomes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Exercise SciencesFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) ‐ Physical (In)activity and Exercise, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Fluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
| | - Monique O. Campos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Exercise SciencesFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) ‐ Physical (In)activity and Exercise, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Fluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
| | - Antonio C. L. Nóbrega
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Exercise SciencesFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) ‐ Physical (In)activity and Exercise, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Fluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
| | - Natália G. Rocha
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Exercise SciencesFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory of Integrative CardiometabologyFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT) ‐ Physical (In)activity and Exercise, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Fluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
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Rocha HNM, Batista GMS, Storch AS, Garcia VP, Teixeira GF, Mentzinger J, Gomes EAC, Campos MO, Nóbrega ACL, Rocha NG. Mental stress induces endothelial dysfunction by AT1R-mediated redox imbalance in overweight/obese men. Braz J Med Biol Res 2023; 56:e12547. [PMID: 36995873 PMCID: PMC10041671 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2023e12547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The main goal of this study was to determine whether oxidative imbalance mediated by AT1 receptor (AT1R) is responsible for deleterious endothelial responses to mental stress (MS) in overweight/obese class I men. Fifteen overweight/obese men (27±7 years old; 29.8±2.6 kg/m2) participated in three randomized experimental sessions with oral administration of the AT1R blocker olmesartan (40 mg; AT1R blockade) or ascorbic acid (AA; 3g) infusion or placebo [both intravenously (0.9% NaCl) and orally]. After two hours, endothelial function was determined by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) before (baseline), 30 min (30MS), and 60 min (60MS) after a five-minute acute MS session (Stroop Color Word Test). Blood was collected before (baseline), during MS, and 60 min after MS for redox homeostasis profiling: lipid peroxidation (TBARS; thiobarbituric acid reactive species), protein carbonylation, and catalase activity by colorimetry and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by an ELISA kit. At the placebo session, FMD significantly decreased 30MS (P=0.05). When compared to baseline, TBARS (P<0.02), protein carbonylation (P<0.01), catalase (P<0.01), and SOD (P<0.01) increased during the placebo session. During AT1R blockade, FMD increased 30 min after MS (P=0.01 vs baseline; P<0.01 vs placebo), while AA infusion increased FMD only 60 min after MS. No differences were observed during MS with the AT1R blockade and AA regarding TBARS, protein carbonylation, catalase, and SOD. AT1R-mediated redox imbalances played an important role in endothelial dysfunction to mental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- H N M Rocha
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - (In)Atividade Física e Exercício, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - G M S Batista
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - (In)Atividade Física e Exercício, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - A S Storch
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - (In)Atividade Física e Exercício, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - V P Garcia
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - (In)Atividade Física e Exercício, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - G F Teixeira
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - (In)Atividade Física e Exercício, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - J Mentzinger
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - (In)Atividade Física e Exercício, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - E A C Gomes
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - (In)Atividade Física e Exercício, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - M O Campos
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - A C L Nóbrega
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - (In)Atividade Física e Exercício, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - N G Rocha
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - (In)Atividade Física e Exercício, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
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Jurrissen TJ, Ramirez-Perez FI, Cabral-Amador FJ, Soares RN, Pettit-Mee RJ, Betancourt-Cortes EE, McMillan NJ, Sharma N, Rocha HNM, Fujie S, Morales-Quinones M, Lazo-Fernandez Y, Butler AA, Banerjee S, Sacks HS, Ibdah JA, Parks EJ, Rector RS, Manrique-Acevedo C, Martinez-Lemus LA, Padilla J. Role of adropin in arterial stiffening associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H879-H891. [PMID: 36083795 PMCID: PMC9602697 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00385.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Adropin is a peptide largely secreted by the liver and known to regulate energy homeostasis; however, it also exerts cardiovascular effects. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that low circulating levels of adropin in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) contribute to arterial stiffening. In support of this hypothesis, we report that obesity and T2D are associated with reduced levels of adropin (in liver and plasma) and increased arterial stiffness in mice and humans. Establishing causation, we show that mesenteric arteries from adropin knockout mice are also stiffer, relative to arteries from wild-type counterparts, thus recapitulating the stiffening phenotype observed in T2D db/db mice. Given the above, we performed a set of follow-up experiments, in which we found that 1) exposure of endothelial cells or isolated mesenteric arteries from db/db mice to adropin reduces filamentous actin (F-actin) stress fibers and stiffness, 2) adropin-induced reduction of F-actin and stiffness in endothelial cells and db/db mesenteric arteries is abrogated by inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, and 3) stimulation of smooth muscle cells or db/db mesenteric arteries with a NO mimetic reduces stiffness. Lastly, we demonstrated that in vivo treatment of db/db mice with adropin for 4 wk reduces stiffness in mesenteric arteries. Collectively, these findings indicate that adropin can regulate arterial stiffness, likely via endothelium-derived NO, and thus support the notion that "hypoadropinemia" should be considered as a putative target for the prevention and treatment of arterial stiffening in obesity and T2D.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Arterial stiffening, a characteristic feature of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), contributes to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Herein we establish that adropin is decreased in obese and T2D models and furthermore provide evidence that reduced adropin may directly contribute to arterial stiffening. Collectively, findings from this work support the notion that "hypoadropinemia" should be considered as a putative target for the prevention and treatment of arterial stiffening in obesity and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Jurrissen
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | | | - Rogerio N Soares
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Ryan J Pettit-Mee
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - Neil J McMillan
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Neekun Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Helena N M Rocha
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Mariana Morales-Quinones
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Yoskaly Lazo-Fernandez
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Andrew A Butler
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiological Sciences, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Subhashis Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiological Sciences, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Harold S Sacks
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jamal A Ibdah
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Elizabeth J Parks
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - R Scott Rector
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Camila Manrique-Acevedo
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
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8
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Prodel E, Gondim ML, Rocha HNM, Mira PAC, Nobrega ACL. Cardiovascular adjustments to cold pressor test in postmenopausal women and the impact of α1-adrenergic blockade. Clin Auton Res 2022; 32:261-269. [DOI: 10.1007/s10286-022-00879-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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9
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Garcia VP, Mattos JD, Mentzinger J, Leite PEC, Rocha HNM, Campos MO, Rocha MP, Mansur DE, Secher NH, Nóbrega ACL, Fernandes IA, Rocha NG. Short isocapnic hyperoxia affects indices of vascular remodeling and intercellular adhesion molecules in healthy men. Braz J Med Biol Res 2022; 55:e12110. [PMID: 35703682 PMCID: PMC9200048 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2022e12110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In preparation for tracheal intubation during induction of anesthesia, the patient may be ventilated with 100% oxygen. To investigate the impact of acute isocapnic hyperoxia on endothelial activation and vascular remodeling, ten healthy young men (24±3 years) were exposed to 5-min normoxia (21% O2) and 10-min hyperoxia trials (100% O2). During hyperoxia, intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM-1) (hyperoxia: 4.16±0.85 vs normoxia: 3.51±0.84 ng/mL, P=0.04) and tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) (hyperoxia: 8.40±3.84 vs normoxia: 5.73±2.15 pg/mL, P=0.04) increased, whereas matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) activity (hyperoxia: 0.53±0.11 vs normoxia: 0.68±0.18 A.U., P=0.03) decreased compared to the normoxia trial. We concluded that even short exposure to 100% oxygen may affect endothelial activation and vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Garcia
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - J D Mattos
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - J Mentzinger
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - P E C Leite
- Laboratório de Bioengenharia e Toxicologia in Vitro, Instituto Nacional de Qualidade e Tecnologia Metrológica, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brasil
| | - H N M Rocha
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - M O Campos
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - M P Rocha
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - D E Mansur
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - N H Secher
- Department of Anesthesia, Rigshospitalet, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A C L Nóbrega
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - I A Fernandes
- NeuroVASQ - Laboratório de Fisiologia Integrativa, Faculdade de Educação Física, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - N G Rocha
- Laboratório de Ciências do Exercício, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
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10
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Prodel E, Cavalcanti T, Rocha HNM, Gondim ML, Mira PAC, Fisher JP, Nobrega ACL. Sympathetic regulation of coronary circulation during handgrip exercise and isolated muscle metaboreflex activation in men. Exp Physiol 2021; 106:2400-2411. [PMID: 34719804 DOI: 10.1113/ep089954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? What is the role of β- and α-adrenergic receptors in the control of the coronary circulation during handgrip exercise and isolated muscle metaboreflex activation in humans? What is the main finding and its importance? β-Adrenergic receptor, but not α-adrenergic receptor, blockade significantly blunted the increases in coronary blood velocity observed during handgrip. Coronary blood velocity was unchanged from baseline during isolated muscle metaboreflex activation. This highlights the important role of β-adrenergic receptors in the coronary circulation during handgrip in humans, and the more limited involvement of the α-adrenergic receptors. ABSTRACT We sought to investigate the role of β- and α-adrenergic receptors in coronary circulation during static handgrip exercise and isolated muscle metaboreflex activation in humans. Seventeen healthy young men underwent two experimental sessions, consisting of 3 min of static handgrip exercise at a target force of 40% maximum voluntary force (not achieved for the full 3 min), and 3 min of metaboreflex activation (post-exercise ischaemia) in two conditions: (1) control and β-blockade (oral propranolol), and (2) control and α-blockade (oral prazosin). In both sessions, coronary blood velocity (CBV, echocardiography) was increased during handgrip (Δ8.0 ± 7.4 cm s-1 ) but unchanged with metaboreflex activation (Δ2.5 ± 3.2 cm s-1 ) under control conditions. β-Blockade abolished the increase in CBV during handgrip, while CBV was unchanged from control with α-blockade. Cardiac work, estimated from rate pressure product (RPP; systolic blood pressure multiplied by heart rate), increased during handgrip and metaboreflex in control conditions in both sessions. β-Blockade reduced RPP responses to handgrip and metaboreflex, whereas α-blockade increased RPP, but the responses to handgrip and metaboreflex were unchanged. CBV and RPP were only significantly correlated during handgrip under control (r = 0.71, P < 0.01) and β-blockade (r = 0.54, P = 0.03) conditions, and the slope of this relationship was unaltered with β-blockade. Collectively, these findings indicate that β-adrenergic receptors play the primary role to the increase of coronary circulation during handgrip exercise, but CBV is unchanged with metaboreflex activation, while α-adrenergic receptor stimulation seems to exert no effect in the control of the coronary circulation during handgrip exercise and isolated muscle metaboreflex activation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Prodel
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil.,National Institute for Science & Technology - INCT, (In)activity & Exercise, Brazil
| | - Thiago Cavalcanti
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil.,National Institute for Science & Technology - INCT, (In)activity & Exercise, Brazil
| | - Helena N M Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil.,National Institute for Science & Technology - INCT, (In)activity & Exercise, Brazil
| | - Maitê L Gondim
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil.,National Institute for Science & Technology - INCT, (In)activity & Exercise, Brazil
| | - Pedro A C Mira
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil.,National Institute for Science & Technology - INCT, (In)activity & Exercise, Brazil
| | - James P Fisher
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Antonio C L Nobrega
- Laboratory of Exercise Science, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil.,National Institute for Science & Technology - INCT, (In)activity & Exercise, Brazil
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11
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Silva TOC, Sales ARK, Araujo GSM, Fonseca GWP, Braga PGS, Faria D, Rocha HNM, Rocha NG, Lima MF, Mady C, Negrão CE, Alves MJNN. Disturbed Blood Flow Acutely Increases Endothelial Microparticles and Decreases Flow Mediated Dilation in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction. Front Physiol 2021; 12:629674. [PMID: 33776792 PMCID: PMC7991910 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.629674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Disturbed blood flow, characterized by high retrograde and oscillatory shear rate (SR), is associated with a proatherogenic phenotype. The impact of disturbed blood flow in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) remains unknown. We tested the hypothesis that acute elevation to retrograde and oscillatory SR provoked by local circulatory occlusion would increase endothelial microparticles (EMPs) and decrease brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in patients with HFrEF. Methods Eighteen patients with HFrEF aged 55 ± 2 years, with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 26 ± 1%, and 14 control subjects aged 49 ± 2 years with LVEF 65 ± 1 randomly underwent experimental and control sessions. Brachial artery FMD (Doppler) was evaluated before and after 30 min of disturbed forearm blood flow provoked by pneumatic cuff (Hokanson) inflation to 75 mm Hg. Venous blood samples were collected at rest, after 15 and 30 min of disturbed blood flow to assess circulating EMP levels (CD42b−/CD31+; flow cytometry). Results At rest, FMD was lower in patients with HFrEF compared with control subjects (P < 0.001), but blood flow patterns and EMPs had no differences (P > 0.05). The cuff inflation provoked a greater retrograde SR both groups (P < 0.0001). EMPs responses to disturbed blood flow significantly increased in patients with HFrEF (P = 0.03). No changes in EMPs were found in control subjects (P > 0.05). Disturbed blood flow decreased FMD both groups. No changes occurred in control condition. Conclusion Collectively, our findings suggest that disturbed blood flow acutely decreases FMD and increases EMP levels in patients with HFrEF, which may indicate that this set of patients are vulnerable to blood flow disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago O C Silva
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Allan R K Sales
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.,D'OR Institute for Research and Education, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo S M Araujo
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro G S Braga
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Faria
- D'OR Institute for Research and Education, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena N M Rocha
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Natalia G Rocha
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Marta F Lima
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Charles Mady
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos E Negrão
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Rocha MP, Campos MO, Mattos JD, Mansur DE, Rocha HNM, Secher NH, Nóbrega ACL, Fernandes IA. K ATP channels modulate cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery during isocapnic hypoxia in humans. J Physiol 2020; 598:3343-3356. [PMID: 32463117 DOI: 10.1113/jp279751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP ) channels mediate hypoxia-induced cerebral vasodilatation and hyperperfusion in animals. We tested whether KATP channels blockade affects the increase in human cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the maintenance of oxygen delivery (CDO2 ) during hypoxia. Hypoxia-induced increases in the anterior circulation and total cerebral perfusion were attenuated under KATP channels blockade affecting the relative changes of brain oxygen delivery. Therefore, in humans, KATP channels activation modulates the vascular tone in the anterior circulation of the brain, contributing to CBF and CDO2 responses to hypoxia. ABSTRACT ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP ) channels mediate hypoxia-induced cerebral vasodilatation and hyperperfusion in animals. We tested whether KATP channels blockade affects the increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the maintenance of oxygen delivery (CDO2 ) during hypoxia in humans. Nine healthy men were exposed to 5-min trials of normoxia and isocapnic hypoxia (IHX, 10% O2 ) before (BGB) and 3 h after glibenclamide ingestion (AGB). Mean arterial pressure (MAP), arterial saturation ( S a O 2 ), partial pressure of oxygen ( P a O 2 ) and carbon dioxide ( P aC O 2 ), internal carotid artery blood flow (ICABF), vertebral artery blood flow (VABF), total (t)CBF (Doppler ultrasound) and CDO2 were quantified during the trials. IHX provoked similar reductions in S a O 2 and P a O 2 , while MAP was not affected by oxygen desaturation or KATP blockade. A smaller increase in ICABF (ΔBGB: 36 ± 23 vs. ΔAGB 11 ± 18%, p = 0.019) but not in VABF (∆BGB 26 ± 21 vs. ∆AGB 27 ± 27%, p = 0.893) was observed during the hypoxic trial under KATP channels blockade. Thus, IHX-induced increases in tCBF (∆BGB 32 ± 19 vs. ∆AGB 14 ± 13%, p = 0.012) and CDO2 relative changes (∆BGB 7 ± 13 vs. ∆AGB -6 ± 14%, p = 0.048) were attenuated during the AGB hypoxic trial. In a separate protocol, 6 healthy men (5 from protocol 1) underwent a 5-min exposure to normoxia and IHX before and 3 h after placebo (5 mg of cornstarch) ingestion. IHX reduced S a O 2 and P a O 2 , but placebo did not affect the ICABF, VABF, tCBF, or CDO2 responses. Therefore, in humans, KATP channels activation modulates vascular tone in the anterior rather than the posterior circulation of the brain, contributing to tCBF and CDO2 responses to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos P Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Monique O Campos
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, RJ, Brazil
| | - João D Mattos
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniel E Mansur
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Helena N M Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Niels H Secher
- Department of Anaesthesia, The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Antonio C L Nóbrega
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Igor A Fernandes
- NeuroV̇ASQ̇-Integrative Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brazil
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13
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Sales AK, Oliveira TO, Mendonca GSM, Fonseca G, Braga PGS, Rocha HNM, Rocha NG, Lima MF, Negrao CE, Nunes Alves MJN. Disturbed blood flow acutely increases endothelial microparticles and decreases flow mediated dilation in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.09785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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14
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Batista GMS, Rocha HNM, Storch AS, Garcia VP, Teixeira GF, Mentzinger J, Gomes EAC, Velasco LL, Nóbrega ACL, Rocha NG. Ascorbic acid inhibits vascular remodeling induced by mental stress in overweight/obese men. Life Sci 2020; 250:117554. [PMID: 32184123 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental stress (MS) is related to endothelial dysfunction in overweight/obese men. It is believed that the pro-oxidant profile, associated with an imbalance in the vascular remodeling process, may contribute to deleterious effects of MS on endothelial function. However, it is unknown whether administration of ascorbic acid (AA), a potent antioxidant, can prevent oxidative and remodeling dysfunction during MS in these subjects. METHODS Fourteen overweight/obese grade I men (27 ± 7 years; 29.7 ± 2.6 kg·m-2) underwent the Stroop Color Word Test for 5 min to induce MS after AA (3 g) or placebo (PL, 0.9% NaCl) intravenous infusions. Venous blood samples were collected at baseline and the last minute of MS to measure nitrite concentration (chemiluminescence), protein carbonylation, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and catalase activity (colorimetric assays), superoxide dismutase (SOD; immunoenzymatic assay), activities of active/inactive (pro) forms of metalloproteinases-9 and -2 (MMP; zymography) and its respective tissue inhibitors concentration (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2; immunoenzymatic assays). RESULTS At baseline, MMP-9 activity (p < 0.01), the MMP-9/proMMP-9 ratio (p = 0.02) and TIMP-1 concentration (p = 0.05) were reduced, whereas proMPP-9 activity was increased (p = 0.02) after AA compared to PL infusion. After PL infusion, MS increased protein carbonylation (p < 0.01), catalase (p < 0.01), and the MMP-9/proMMP-9 ratio (p = 0.04) when compared to baseline. AA infusion reduced protein carbonylation (p = 0.02), MMP-9 activity (p < 0.01), and MMP-9/pro-MMP-9 ratio (p < 0.01), while SOD (p = 0.04 vs baseline), proMPP-9 (p < 0.01 vs PL), MMP-2 (p < 0.01 vs PL) and TIMP-2 (p = 0.02 vs baseline) remained elevated during MS. CONCLUSIONS AA appears to minimize the oxidative imbalance and vascular remodeling induced by MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M S Batista
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil; Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil
| | - H N M Rocha
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil; Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil
| | - A S Storch
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil; Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil
| | - V P Garcia
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil; Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil
| | - G F Teixeira
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil; Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil
| | - J Mentzinger
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil; Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil
| | - E A C Gomes
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil
| | - L L Velasco
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil; Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil
| | - A C L Nóbrega
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil
| | - N G Rocha
- Laboratory of Integrative Cardiometabology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil; Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil.
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15
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Mattos JD, Campos MO, Rocha MP, Mansur DE, Rocha HNM, Garcia VP, Rocha NG, Alvares TS, Secher NH, Nóbrega ACL, Fernandes IA. Differential vasomotor responses to isocapnic hyperoxia: cerebral versus peripheral circulation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 318:R182-R187. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00248.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Isocapnic hyperoxia (IH) evokes cerebral and peripheral hypoperfusion via both disturbance of redox homeostasis and reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. However, it is not clear whether the magnitude of the vasomotor responses depends on the vessel network exposed to IH. To test the hypothesis that the magnitude of IH-induced reduction in peripheral blood flow (BF) may differ from the hypoperfusion response observed in the cerebral vascular network under oxygen-enriched conditions, nine healthy men (25 ± 3 yr, mean ± SD) underwent 10 min of IH during either saline or vitamin C (3 g) infusion, separately. Femoral artery (FA), internal carotid artery (ICA), and vertebral artery (VA) BF (Doppler ultrasound), as well as arterial oxidant (8-isoprostane), antioxidant [ascorbic acid (AA)], and NO bioavailability (nitrite) markers were simultaneously measured. IH increased 8-isoprostane levels and reduced nitrite levels; these responses were followed by a reduction in both FA BF and ICA BF, whereas VA BF did not change. Absolute and relative reductions in FA BF were greater than IH-induced changes in ICA and VA perfusion. Vitamin C infusion increased arterial AA levels and abolished the IH-induced increase in 8-isoprostane levels and reduction in nitrite levels. Whereas ICA and VA BF did not change during the vitamin C-IH trial, FA perfusion increased and reached similar levels to those observed during normoxia with saline infusion. Therefore, the magnitude of IH-induced reduction in femoral blood flow is greater than that observed in the vessel network of the brain, which might involve the determinant contribution that NO has in the regulation of peripheral vascular perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- João D. Mattos
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Monique O. Campos
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Marcos P. Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Daniel E. Mansur
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Helena N. M. Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Vinicius P. Garcia
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Natalia G. Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Thiago S. Alvares
- Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Brazil
| | - Niels H. Secher
- Department of Anesthesia, The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Igor A. Fernandes
- NeuroV̇ASQ̇-Integrative Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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16
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Storch AS, Rocha HNM, Garcia VP, Batista GMS, Mattos JD, Campos MO, Nóbrega ACL, Fernandes IA, Rocha NG. Inflammatory and oxidative responses to disturbed blood flow in hypertensive men. Hypertens Res 2019; 42:1832-1835. [PMID: 31253943 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0296-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda S Storch
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences (LACE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Helena N M Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences (LACE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vinicius P Garcia
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences (LACE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriel M S Batista
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences (LACE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João Dario Mattos
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences (LACE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Monique O Campos
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences (LACE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio Claudio L Nóbrega
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences (LACE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT)- Physical (In)activity and Exercise, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Igor A Fernandes
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences (LACE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natalia G Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences (LACE), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT)- Physical (In)activity and Exercise, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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17
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Mattos JD, Campos MO, Rocha MP, Mansur DE, Rocha HNM, Garcia VP, Batista G, Alvares TS, Oliveira GV, Souza MV, Videira RLR, Rocha NG, Secher NH, Nóbrega ACL, Fernandes IA. Human brain blood flow and metabolism during isocapnic hyperoxia: the role of reactive oxygen species. J Physiol 2018; 597:741-755. [PMID: 30506968 DOI: 10.1113/jp277122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS It is unknown whether excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production drives the isocapnic hyperoxia (IH)-induced decline in human cerebral blood flow (CBF) via reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and leads to disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or neural-parenchymal damage. Cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMR O 2 ) and transcerebral exchanges of NO end-products, oxidants, antioxidants and neural-parenchymal damage markers were simultaneously quantified under IH with intravenous saline and ascorbic acid infusion. CBF and CMR O 2 were reduced during IH, responses that were followed by increased oxidative stress and reduced NO bioavailability when saline was infused. No indication of neural-parenchymal damage or disruption of the BBB was observed during IH. Antioxidant defences were increased during ascorbic acid infusion, while CBF, CMR O 2 , oxidant and NO bioavailability markers remained unchanged. ROS play a role in the regulation of CBF and metabolism during IH without evidence of BBB disruption or neural-parenchymal damage. ABSTRACT To test the hypothesis that isocapnic hyperoxia (IH) affects cerebral blood flow (CBF) and metabolism through exaggerated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, disturbances in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and neural-parenchymal homeostasis, 10 men (24 ± 1 years) were exposed to a 10 min IH trial (100% O2 ) while receiving intravenous saline and ascorbic acid (AA, 3 g) infusion. Internal carotid artery blood flow (ICABF), vertebral artery blood flow (VABF) and total CBF (tCBF, Doppler ultrasound) were determined. Arterial and right internal jugular venous blood was sampled to quantify the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMR O 2 ), transcerebral exchanges (TCE) of NO end-products (plasma nitrite), antioxidants (AA and AA plus dehydroascorbic acid (AA+DA)) and oxidant biomarkers (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and 8-isoprostane), and an index of BBB disruption and neuronal-parenchymal damage (neuron-specific enolase; NSE). IH reduced ICABF, tCBF and CMR O 2 , while VABF remained unchanged. Arterial 8-isoprostane and nitrite TCE increased, indicating that CBF decline was related to ROS production and reduced NO bioavailability. AA, AA+DA and NSE TCE did not change during IH. AA infusion did not change the resting haemodynamic and metabolic parameters but raised antioxidant defences, as indicated by increased AA/AA+DA concentrations. Negative AA+DA TCE, unchanged nitrite, reductions in arterial and venous 8-isoprostane, and TBARS TCE indicated that AA infusion effectively inhibited ROS production and preserved NO bioavailability. Similarly, AA infusion prevented IH-induced decline in regional and total CBF and re-established CMR O 2 . These findings indicate that ROS play a role in CBF regulation and metabolism during IH without evidence of BBB disruption or neural-parenchymal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- João D Mattos
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Monique O Campos
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Marcos P Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Daniel E Mansur
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Helena N M Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Vinicius P Garcia
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Batista
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Natalia G Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Niels H Secher
- Department of Anaesthesia, The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Antonio C L Nóbrega
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Igor A Fernandes
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil.,NeuroVASQ - Integrative Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brazil
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18
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Fernandes IA, Mattos JD, Campos MO, Rocha MP, Mansur DE, Rocha HNM, Garcia VP, Alvares TS, Videira RR, Batista GMS, Secher NH, Nóbrega ACL. Cerebral Hypoperfusion and Metabolic Regulation during Isocapnic Hyperoxia: The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.922.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Fernandes IA, Rocha MP, Campos MO, Mattos JD, Mansur DE, Rocha HNM, Terra PAC, Garcia VP, Rocha NG, Secher NH, Nóbrega ACL. Reduced arterial vasodilatation in response to hypoxia impairs cerebral and peripheral oxygen delivery in hypertensive men. J Physiol 2018; 596:1167-1179. [PMID: 29462837 DOI: 10.1113/jp275545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Hypoxaemia evokes a repertoire of homeostatic adjustments that maintain oxygen supply to organs and tissues including the brain and skeletal muscles. Because hypertensive patients have impaired endothelial-dependent vasodilatation and an increased sympathetic response to arterial oxygen desaturation, we investigated whether hypertension impairs isocapnic hypoxia-induced cerebral and skeletal muscle hyperaemia to an extent that limits oxygen supply. In middle-aged hypertensive men, vertebral and femoral artery blood flow do not increase in response to isocapnic hypoxia, limiting brain and peripheral hyperaemia and oxygen supply. Increased chemoreflex-induced sympathetic activation impairs skeletal muscle perfusion and oxygen supply, whereas an attenuation of local vasodilatory signalling in the posterior cerebrovasculature reduced brain hyperperfusion of hypertensive middle-aged men in response to isocapnic hypoxia. ABSTRACT The present study investigated whether hypertension impairs isocapnic hypoxia (IH)-induced cerebral and skeletal muscle hyperaemia to an extent that limits oxygen supply. Oxygen saturation (oxymetry), mean arterial pressure (photoplethysmography) and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA; microneugraphy), as well as femoral artery (FA), internal carotid artery and vertebral artery (VA) blood flow (BF; Doppler ultrasound), were quantified in nine normotensive (NT) (aged 40 ± 11 years, systolic pressure 119 ± 7 mmHg and diastolic pressure 73 ± 6 mmHg) and nine hypertensive men (HT) (aged 44 ± 12 years, systolic pressure 152 ± 11 mmHg and diastolic pressure 90 ± 9 mmHg) during 5 min of normoxia (21% O2 ) and IH (10% O2 ). Total cerebral blood flow (tCBF), brain (CDO2 ) and leg (LDO2 ) oxygen delivery were estimated. IH provoked similar oxygen desaturation without changing mean arterial pressure. Internal carotid artery perfusion increased in both groups during IH. However, VA and FA BF only increased in NT. Thus, IH-induced increase in tCBF was smaller in HT. CDO2 only increased in NT and LDO2 decreased in HT. Furthermore, IH evoked a greater increase in HT MSNA. Changes in MSNA were inversely related to FA BF, LDO2 and end-tidal oxygen tension. In conclusion, hypertension disturbs regional and total cerebrovascular and peripheral responses to IH and consequently limits oxygen supply to the brain and skeletal muscle. Although increased chemoreflex-induced sympathetic activation may explain impaired peripheral perfusion, attenuated vasodilatory signalling in the posterior cerebrovasculature appears to be responsible for the small increase in tCBF when HT were exposed to IH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Fernandes
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcos P Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Monique O Campos
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - João D Mattos
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniel E Mansur
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Helena N M Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paulo A C Terra
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vinícius P Garcia
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Natália G Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Niels H Secher
- Department of Anaesthesia, The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Antonio C L Nóbrega
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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20
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Barbosa TC, Vianna LC, Fernandes IA, Prodel E, Rocha HNM, Garcia VP, Rocha NG, Secher NH, Nobrega ACL. Intrathecal fentanyl abolishes the exaggerated blood pressure response to cycling in hypertensive men. J Physiol 2016; 594:715-25. [PMID: 26659384 DOI: 10.1113/jp271335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The increase in blood pressure observed during physical activities is exaggerated in patients with hypertension, exposing them to a higher cardiovascular risk. Neural signals from the skeletal muscles appear to be overactive, resulting in this abnormal response in hypertensive patients. In the present study, we tested whether the attenuation of these neural signals in hypertensive patients could normalize their abnormal increase in blood pressure during physical activity. Attenuation of the neural signals from the leg muscles with intrathecal fentanyl injection reduced the blood pressure of hypertensive men during cycling exercise to a level comparable to that of normotensive men. Skeletal muscle afferent overactivity causes the abnormal cardiovascular response to exercise and was reverted in this experimental model, appearing as potential target for treatment. Hypertensive patients present an exaggerated increase in blood pressure and an elevated cardiovascular risk during exercise. Although controversial, human studies suggest that group III and IV skeletal muscle afferents might contribute to this abnormal response. In the present study, we investigated whether attenuation of the group III and IV muscle afferent signal of hypertensive men eliminates the exaggerated increase in blood pressure occurring during exercise. Eight hypertensive men performed two sessions of 5 min of cycling exercise at 40 W. Between sessions, the subjects were provided with a lumbar intrathecal injection of fentanyl, a μ-opioid receptor agonist, aiming to attenuate the central projection of opioid-sensitive group III and IV muscle afferent nerves. The cardiovascular response to exercise of these subjects was compared with that of six normotensive men. During cycling, the hypertensive group demonstrated an exaggerated increase in blood pressure compared to the normotensive group (mean ± SEM: +17 ± 3 vs. +8 ± 1 mmHg, respectively; P < 0.05), whereas the increase in heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output and vascular conductance was similar (P > 0.05). Fentanyl inhibited the blood pressure response to exercise in the hypertensive group (+11 ± 2 mmHg) to a level comparable to that of the normotensive group (P > 0.05). Moreover, fentanyl increased the responses of vascular conductance and stroke volume to exercise (P < 0.05), whereas the heart rate response was attenuated (P < 0.05) and the cardiac output response was maintained (P > 0.05). The results of the present study show that attenuation of the exercise pressor reflex normalizes the blood pressure response to cycling exercise in hypertensive individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thales C Barbosa
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lauro C Vianna
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Igor A Fernandes
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eliza Prodel
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Helena N M Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vinicius P Garcia
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Natalia G Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Niels H Secher
- Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Antonio C L Nobrega
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, RJ, Brazil
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Sales ARK, Fernandes IA, Rocha NG, Costa LS, Rocha HNM, Mattos JDM, Vianna LC, Silva BM, Nóbrega ACL. Aerobic exercise acutely prevents the endothelial dysfunction induced by mental stress among subjects with metabolic syndrome: the role of shear rate. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 306:H963-71. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00811.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mental stress induces transient endothelial dysfunction, which is an important finding for subjects at cardiometabolic risk. Thus, we tested whether aerobic exercise prevents this dysfunction among subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and whether an increase in shear rate during exercise plays a role in this phenomenon. Subjects with MetS participated in two protocols. In protocol 1 ( n = 16), endothelial function was assessed using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Subjects then underwent a mental stress test followed by either 40 min of leg cycling or rest across two randomized sessions. FMD was assessed again at 30 and 60 min after exercise or rest, with a second mental stress test in between. Mental stress reduced FMD at 30 and 60 min after the rest session (baseline: 7.7 ± 0.4%, 30 min: 5.4 ± 0.5%, and 60 min: 3.9 ± 0.5%, P < 0.05 vs. baseline), whereas exercise prevented this reduction (baseline: 7.5 ± 0.4%, 30 min: 7.2 ± 0.7%, and 60 min: 8.7 ± 0.8%, P > 0.05 vs. baseline). Protocol 2 ( n = 5) was similar to protocol 1 except that the first period of mental stress was followed by either exercise in which the brachial artery shear rate was attenuated via forearm cuff inflation or exercise without a cuff. Noncuffed exercise prevented the reduction in FMD (baseline: 7.5 ± 0.7%, 30 min: 7.0 ± 0.7%, and 60 min: 8.7 ± 0.8%, P > 0.05 vs. baseline), whereas cuffed exercise failed to prevent this reduction (baseline: 7.5 ± 0.6%, 30 min: 5.4 ± 0.8%, and 60 min: 4.1 ± 0.9%, P < 0.05 vs. baseline). In conclusion, exercise prevented mental stress-induced endothelial dysfunction among subjects with MetS, and an increase in shear rate during exercise mediated this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan R. K. Sales
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and
| | - Igor A. Fernandes
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and
| | - Natália G. Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and
| | - Lucas S. Costa
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and
| | - Helena N. M. Rocha
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and
| | - João D. M. Mattos
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and
| | - Lauro C. Vianna
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and
| | - Bruno M. Silva
- Department of Physiology, Section of Exercise Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio C. L. Nóbrega
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and
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