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Grygorczyk R, Boudreault F, Ponomarchuk O, Tan JJ, Furuya K, Goldgewicht J, Kenfack FD, Yu F. Lytic Release of Cellular ATP: Physiological Relevance and Therapeutic Applications. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070700. [PMID: 34357072 PMCID: PMC8307140 DOI: 10.3390/life11070700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The lytic release of ATP due to cell and tissue injury constitutes an important source of extracellular nucleotides and may have physiological and pathophysiological roles by triggering purinergic signalling pathways. In the lungs, extracellular ATP can have protective effects by stimulating surfactant and mucus secretion. However, excessive extracellular ATP levels, such as observed in ventilator-induced lung injury, act as a danger-associated signal that activates NLRP3 inflammasome contributing to lung damage. Here, we discuss examples of lytic release that we have identified in our studies using real-time luciferin-luciferase luminescence imaging of extracellular ATP. In alveolar A549 cells, hypotonic shock-induced ATP release shows rapid lytic and slow-rising non-lytic components. Lytic release originates from the lysis of single fragile cells that could be seen as distinct spikes of ATP-dependent luminescence, but under physiological conditions, its contribution is minimal <1% of total release. By contrast, ATP release from red blood cells results primarily from hemolysis, a physiological mechanism contributing to the regulation of local blood flow in response to tissue hypoxia, mechanical stimulation and temperature changes. Lytic release of cellular ATP may have therapeutic applications, as exemplified by the use of ultrasound and microbubble-stimulated release for enhancing cancer immunotherapy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Grygorczyk
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (F.B.); (O.P.); (J.J.T.); (J.G.); (F.D.K.)
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Correspondence: (R.G.); (F.Y.)
| | - Francis Boudreault
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (F.B.); (O.P.); (J.J.T.); (J.G.); (F.D.K.)
| | - Olga Ponomarchuk
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (F.B.); (O.P.); (J.J.T.); (J.G.); (F.D.K.)
| | - Ju Jing Tan
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (F.B.); (O.P.); (J.J.T.); (J.G.); (F.D.K.)
| | - Kishio Furuya
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan;
| | - Joseph Goldgewicht
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (F.B.); (O.P.); (J.J.T.); (J.G.); (F.D.K.)
| | - Falonne Démèze Kenfack
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (F.B.); (O.P.); (J.J.T.); (J.G.); (F.D.K.)
| | - François Yu
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (F.B.); (O.P.); (J.J.T.); (J.G.); (F.D.K.)
- Département de Radiologie, Radio-Oncologie et Médecine Nucléaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Institut de Génie Biomédical, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Correspondence: (R.G.); (F.Y.)
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Tan JJ, Boudreault F, Adam D, Brochiero E, Grygorczyk R. Type 2 secretory cells are primary source of ATP release in mechanically stretched lung alveolar cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 318:L49-L58. [PMID: 31596106 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00321.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular ATP and its metabolites are potent paracrine modulators of lung alveolar cell function, including surfactant secretion and fluid transport, but the sources and mechanism of intra-alveolar ATP release remain unclear. To determine the contribution of gas-exchanging alveolar type 1 (AT1) and surfactant-secreting type 2 (AT2) cells to stretch-induced ATP release, we used quantitative real-time luminescence ATP imaging and rat primary alveolar cells cultured on silicon substrate for 2-7 days. When cultured on solid support, primary AT2 cells progressively transdifferentiated into AT1-like cells with ~20% of cells showing AT1 phenotype by day 2-3 (AT2:AT1 ≈ 4:1), while on day 7, the AT2:AT1 cell ratio was reversed with up to 80% of the cells displaying characteristics of AT1 cells. Stretch (1 s, 5-35%) induced ATP release from AT2/AT1 cell cultures, and it was highest on days 2 and 3 but declined in older cultures. ATP release tightly correlated with the number of remaining AT2 cells in culture, consistent with ~10-fold lower ATP release by AT1 than AT2 cells. ATP release was unaffected by inhibitors of putative ATP channels carbenoxolone and probenecid but was significantly diminished in cells loaded with calcium chelator BAPTA. These pharmacological modulators had similar effects on stretch-induced intracellular Ca2+ responses measured by Fura2 fluorescence. The study revealed that AT2 cells are the primary source of stretch-induced ATP release in heterocellular AT2/AT1 cell cultures, suggesting similar contribution in intact alveoli. Our results support a role for calcium-regulated mechanism but not ATP-conducting channels in ATP release by alveolar epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Jing Tan
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Francis Boudreault
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Damien Adam
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle Brochiero
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ryszard Grygorczyk
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Dissociation of natriuresis and diuresis by oxytocin molecular forms in rats. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219205. [PMID: 31269062 PMCID: PMC6608960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the rat, oxytocin (OT) produces dose-dependent diuretic and natriuretic responses. Post-translational enzymatic conversion of the OT biosynthetic precursor forms both mature and C-terminally extended peptides. The plasma concentrations of these C-terminally extended peptides (OT-G; OT-GK and OT-GKR) are elevated in newborns and pregnant rats. Intravenous injection of OT-GKR to rats inhibits diuresis, whereas injection of amidated OT stimulates diuresis. Since OT and OT-GKR show different effects on the urine flow, we investigated whether OT-GKR modulates renal action by inhibition of the arginine-vasopressin (AVP) receptor V2 (V2R), the receptor involved in renal water reabsorption. Experiments were carried out in the 8-week-old Wistar rats receiving intravenous (iv) injections of vehicle, OT, OT-GKR or OT+OT-GKR combination. OT (10 μmol/kg) increased urine outflow by 40% (P<0.01) and sodium excretion by 47% (P<0.01). Treatment with OT-GKR (10 μmol/kg) decreased diuresis by 50% (P<0.001), decreased sodium excretion by 50% (P<0.05) and lowered potassium by 42% (P<0.05). OT antagonist (OTA) reduced diuresis and natriuresis exerted by OT, whereas the anti-diuretic effect of OT-GKR was unaffected by OTA. The treatment with V2R antagonist (V2A) in the presence and absence of OT induced diuresis, sodium and potassium outflow. V2A in the presence of OT-GKR only partially increased diuresis and natriuresis. Autoradiography and molecular docking analysis showed potent binding of OT-GKR to V2R. Finally, the release of cAMP from CHO cells overexpressing V2 receptor was induced by low concentration of AVP (EC50:4.2e-011), at higher concentrations of OT (EC50:3.2e-010) and by the highest concentrations of OT-GKR (EC50:1.1e-006). OT-GKR potentiated cAMP release when combined with AVP, but blocked cAMP release when combined with OT. These results suggest that OT-GKR by competing for the OT renal receptor (OTR) and binding to V2R in the kidney, induces anti-diuretic, anti-natriuretic, and anti-kaliuretic effects.
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Tan JJ, Ponomarchuk O, Grygorczyk R, Boudreault F. Wide field of view quantitative imaging of cellular ATP release. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C566-C575. [PMID: 31216191 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00096.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Although several mechanical stressors promote ATP secretion from eukaryotic cells, few mechanosensitive pathways for ATP release have been precisely characterized and none have been clearly identified. To facilitate progress, we report here a wide field of view (∼20 × 20 mm sample area) imaging technique paired with a quantitative image analysis to accurately map the dynamics of ATP release from a cell population. The approach has been tested on A549 cells stretched at high initial strain rate (2-5 s-1) or swelled by hypotonic shock. The amount of ATP secreted in response to a series of five graded stretch pulses (5-37% linear deformation, 1-s duration at 25°C) changed nonmonotonically with respect to strain amplitude and was inhomogeneous across the cell monolayer. In a typical experiment, extracellular ATP density averaged 250 fmol/mm2, but the area of detectable signal covered only ∼40% of the cells. In some areas, ATP accumulation peaked around 900 fmol/mm2, which corresponded to an estimated concentration of 4.5 µM. The total amount of ATP released from the combined stretch pulses reached 384 ± 224 pmol/million cells (n = 4). Compared with stretch, hypotonic shock (50%, 30°C) elicited a more homogeneous ATP secretion from the entire cell population but at a lower yield totaling 28 ± 12 pmol/million cells (n = 4). The quantitative extracellular ATP mapping of several thousand cells at once, with this wide field of view imaging system, will help identify ATP release pathways by providing unique insights on the dynamics and inhomogeneities of the cellular ATP secretion that are otherwise difficult to assess within the smaller field of view of a microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Jing Tan
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Olga Ponomarchuk
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ryszard Grygorczyk
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Francis Boudreault
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Orlov SN, Shiyan A, Boudreault F, Ponomarchuk O, Grygorczyk R. Search for Upstream Cell Volume Sensors: The Role of Plasma Membrane and Cytoplasmic Hydrogel. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2018; 81:53-82. [PMID: 30243440 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The plasma membrane plays a prominent role in the regulation of cell volume by mediating selective transport of extra- and intracellular osmolytes. Recent studies show that upstream sensors of cell volume changes are mainly located within the cytoplasm that displays properties of a hydrogel and not in the plasma membrane. Cell volume changes occurring in anisosmotic medium as well as in isosmotic environment affect properties of cytoplasmic hydrogel that, in turn, trigger rapid regulatory volume increase and decrease (RVI and RVD). The downstream signaling pathways include reorganization of 2D cytoskeleton and altered composition of polyphosphoinositides located on the inner surface of the plasma membrane. In addition to its action on physico-chemical properties of cytoplasmic hydrogel, cell volume changes in anisosmotic conditions affect the ionic strength of the cytoplasm and the [Na+]i/[K+]i ratio. Elevated intracellular ionic strength evoked by long term exposure of cells to hypertonic environment resulted in the activation of TonEBP and augmented expression of genes controlling intracellular organic osmolyte levels. The role of Na+i/K+i -sensitive, Ca2+i -mediated and Ca2+i-independent mechanisms of excitation-transcription coupling in cell volume-adjustment remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei N Orlov
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia; National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Aleksandra Shiyan
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Francis Boudreault
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Olga Ponomarchuk
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ryszard Grygorczyk
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Ponomarchuk OO, Boudreault F, Shiyan AA, Maksimov GV, Grygorczyk R, Orlov SN. A Method to Simultaneously Detect Changes in Intracellular Ca2+ Concentration and Cell Volume. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s000635091803020x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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