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Cai L, Ma A, Lei J, He C. METTL4-mediated N 6-methyladenine DNA modification regulates thermotolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 338:111916. [PMID: 37944704 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
DNA N6-methyladenine (6 mA) is an evolutionarily conserved DNA modification in procaryotes and eukaryotes. The DNA 6 mA methylation is tightly controlled by 6 mA regulatory proteins. DNA N6-adenine methyltransferase 1 (DAMT-1) has been identified as a DNA 6 mA methyltransferase in animals. In plants, DNA 6 mA methylation has been found, however, the DNA 6 mA methyltransferases and their function in plants are largely unknown. In our study, we find METTL4 is a DNA 6 mA methyltransferase in Arabidopsis thaliana. Both in vitro and in vivo evidences support the DNA 6 mA methyltransferase activity of METTL4. mettl4 mutant is hypersensitive to heat stress, suggesting DNA 6 mA methylation plays important role in heat stress adaption. RNA-seq and 6 mA IP-qPCR analysis show that METTL4 participates in heat stress tolerance by regulating expression of heat responsive genes. Our study find METTL4 is a plant DNA 6 mA methyltransferase and illustrates its function in regulating heat stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Cai
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 Hunan, China
| | - Ancheng Ma
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 Hunan, China
| | - Jiao Lei
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 Hunan, China
| | - Chongsheng He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 Hunan, China.
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Wu JR, Zohra R, Duong NKT, Yeh CH, Lu CA, Wu SJ. A plant protein farnesylation system in prokaryotic cells reveals Arabidopsis AtJ3 produced and farnesylated in E. coli maintains its function of protecting proteins from heat inactivation. PLANT METHODS 2023; 19:113. [PMID: 37884965 PMCID: PMC10604809 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-023-01087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein farnesylation involves the addition of a 15-carbon polyunsaturated farnesyl group to proteins whose C-terminus ends with a CaaX motif. This post-translational protein modification is catalyzed by a heterodimeric protein, i.e., farnesyltransferase (PFT), which is composed of an α and a β subunit. Protein farnesylation in plants is of great interest because of its important roles in the regulation of plant development, responses to environmental stresses, and defense against pathogens. The methods traditionally used to verify whether a protein is farnesylated often require a specific antibody and involve isotope labeling, a tedious and time-consuming process that poses hazardous risks. RESULTS Since protein farnesylation does not occur in prokaryotic cells, we co-expressed a known PFT substrate (i.e., AtJ3) and both the α and β subunits of Arabidopsis PFT in E. coli in this study. Farnesylation of AtJ3 was detected using electrophoretic mobility using SDS-PAGE and confirmed using mass spectrometry. AtJ3 is a member of the heat shock protein 40 family and interacts with Arabidopsis HSP70 to protect plant proteins from heat-stress-induced denaturation. A luciferase-based protein denaturation assay demonstrated that farnesylated AtJ3 isolated from E. coli maintained this ability. Interestingly, farnesylated AtJ3 interacted with E. coli HSP70 as well and enhanced the thermotolerance of E. coli. Meanwhile, AtFP3, another known PFT substrate, was farnesylated when co-expressed with AtPFTα and AtPFTβ in E. coli. Moreover, using the same strategy to co-express rice PFT α and β subunit and a potential PFT target, it was confirmed that OsDjA4, a homolog of AtJ3, was farnesylated. CONCLUSION We developed a protein farnesylation system for E. coli and demonstrated its applicability and practicality in producing functional farnesylated proteins from both mono- and dicotyledonous plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Rong Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li District, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Rida Zohra
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li District, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Ngoc Kieu Thi Duong
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li District, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hui Yeh
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li District, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Chung-An Lu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li District, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan.
| | - Shaw-Jye Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li District, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan.
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Wang L, Cheng J, Bi S, Wang J, Cheng X, Liu S, Gao Y, Lan Q, Shi X, Wang Y, Zhao X, Qi X, Xu S, Wang C. Actin Depolymerization Factor ADF1 Regulated by MYB30 Plays an Important Role in Plant Thermal Adaptation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065675. [PMID: 36982748 PMCID: PMC10051699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Actin filaments are essential for plant adaptation to high temperatures. However, the molecular mechanisms of actin filaments in plant thermal adaptation remain unclear. Here, we found that the expression of Arabidopsis actin depolymerization factor 1 (AtADF1) was repressed by high temperatures. Compared with wild-type seedlings (WT), the mutation of AtADF1 and the overexpression of AtADF1 led to promoted and inhibited plant growth under high temperature conditions, respectively. Further, high temperatures induced the stability of actin filaments in plants. Compared with WT, Atadf1-1 mutant seedlings showed more stability of actin filaments under normal and high temperature conditions, while the AtADF1 overexpression seedlings showed the opposite results. Additionally, AtMYB30 directly bound to the promoter of AtADF1 at a known AtMYB30 binding site, AACAAAC, and promoted the transcription of AtADF1 under high temperature treatments. Genetic analysis further indicated that AtMYB30 regulated AtADF1 under high temperature treatments. Chinese cabbage ADF1 (BrADF1) was highly homologous with AtADF1. The expression of BrADF1 was inhibited by high temperatures. BrADF1 overexpression inhibited plant growth and reduced the percentage of actin cable and the average length of actin filaments in Arabidopsis, which were similar to those of AtADF1 overexpression seedlings. AtADF1 and BrADF1 also affected the expression of some key heat response genes. In conclusion, our results indicate that ADF1 plays an important role in plant thermal adaptation by blocking the high-temperature-induced stability of actin filaments and is directly regulated by MYB30.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (L.W.); (J.C.); (S.B.); (J.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (Y.G.)
- Institute of Germplasm Resource and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China; (Q.L.); (X.S.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (X.Q.); (S.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Jianing Cheng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (L.W.); (J.C.); (S.B.); (J.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Shuangtian Bi
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (L.W.); (J.C.); (S.B.); (J.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Jinshu Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (L.W.); (J.C.); (S.B.); (J.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Xin Cheng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (L.W.); (J.C.); (S.B.); (J.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Shihang Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (L.W.); (J.C.); (S.B.); (J.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yue Gao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (L.W.); (J.C.); (S.B.); (J.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Qingkuo Lan
- Institute of Germplasm Resource and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China; (Q.L.); (X.S.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (X.Q.); (S.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- Institute of Germplasm Resource and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China; (Q.L.); (X.S.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (X.Q.); (S.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Germplasm Resource and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China; (Q.L.); (X.S.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (X.Q.); (S.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Institute of Germplasm Resource and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China; (Q.L.); (X.S.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (X.Q.); (S.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Institute of Germplasm Resource and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China; (Q.L.); (X.S.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (X.Q.); (S.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Shiyong Xu
- Institute of Germplasm Resource and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China; (Q.L.); (X.S.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (X.Q.); (S.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Che Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (L.W.); (J.C.); (S.B.); (J.W.); (X.C.); (S.L.); (Y.G.)
- Correspondence:
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Ku YS, Cheng SS, Cheung MY, Law CH, Lam HM. The Re-Localization of Proteins to or Away from Membranes as an Effective Strategy for Regulating Stress Tolerance in Plants. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12121261. [PMID: 36557168 PMCID: PMC9788111 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12121261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The membranes of plant cells are dynamic structures composed of phospholipids and proteins. Proteins harboring phospholipid-binding domains or lipid ligands can localize to membranes. Stress perception can alter the subcellular localization of these proteins dynamically, causing them to either associate with or detach from membranes. The mechanisms behind the re-localization involve changes in the lipidation state of the proteins and interactions with membrane-associated biomolecules. The functional significance of such re-localization includes the regulation of molecular transport, cell integrity, protein folding, signaling, and gene expression. In this review, proteins that re-localize to or away from membranes upon abiotic and biotic stresses will be discussed in terms of the mechanisms involved and the functional significance of their re-localization. Knowledge of the re-localization mechanisms will facilitate research on increasing plant stress adaptability, while the study on re-localization of proteins upon stresses will further our understanding of stress adaptation strategies in plants.
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Yu B, Ming F, Liang Y, Wang Y, Gan Y, Qiu Z, Yan S, Cao B. Heat Stress Resistance Mechanisms of Two Cucumber Varieties from Different Regions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031817. [PMID: 35163740 PMCID: PMC8837171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
High temperatures affect the yield and quality of vegetable crops. Unlike thermosensitive plants, thermotolerant plants have excellent systems for withstanding heat stress. This study evaluated various heat resistance indexes of the thermotolerant cucumber (TT) and thermosensitive cucumber (TS) plants at the seedling stage. The similarities and differences between the regulatory genes were assessed through transcriptome analysis to understand the mechanisms for heat stress resistance in cucumber. The TT plants exhibited enhanced leaf status, photosystem, root viability, and ROS scavenging under high temperature compared to the TS plants. Additionally, transcriptome analysis showed that the genes involved in photosynthesis, the chlorophyll metabolism, and defense responses were upregulated in TT plants but downregulated in TS plants. Zeatin riboside (ZR), brassinosteroid (BR), and jasmonic acid (JA) levels were higher in TT plants than in TS. The heat stress increased gibberellic acid (GA) and indoleacetic acid (IAA) levels in both plant lines; however, the level of GA was higher in TT. Correlation and interaction analyses revealed that heat cucumber heat resistance is regulated by a few transcription factor family genes and metabolic pathways. Our study revealed different phenotypic and physiological mechanisms of the heat response by the thermotolerant and thermosensitive cucumber plants. The plants were also shown to exhibit different expression profiles and metabolic pathways. The heat resistant pathways and genes of two cucumber varieties were also identified. These results enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cucumber response to high-temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingwei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.Y.); (F.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.Q.)
- Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fangyan Ming
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.Y.); (F.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.Q.)
- Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yonggui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.Y.); (F.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.Q.)
- Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yixi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.Y.); (F.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.Q.)
- Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuwei Gan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.Y.); (F.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.Q.)
- Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhengkun Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.Y.); (F.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.Q.)
- Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.Y.); (F.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.Q.)
- Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (B.C.)
| | - Bihao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.Y.); (F.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.Q.)
- Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (B.C.)
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Mathews ES, Jezewski AJ, Odom John AR. Protein Prenylation and Hsp40 in Thermotolerance of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Parasites. mBio 2021; 12:e0076021. [PMID: 34182772 PMCID: PMC8262983 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00760-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
During its complex life cycle, the malaria parasite survives dramatic environmental stresses, including large temperature shifts. Protein prenylation is required during asexual replication of Plasmodium falciparum, and the canonical heat shock protein 40 protein (HSP40; PF3D7_1437900) is posttranslationally modified with a 15-carbon farnesyl isoprenyl group. In other organisms, farnesylation of Hsp40 orthologs controls their localization and function in resisting environmental stress. In this work, we find that plastidial isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) synthesis and protein farnesylation are required for malaria parasite survival after cold and heat shock. Furthermore, loss of HSP40 farnesylation alters its membrane attachment and interaction with proteins in essential pathways in the parasite. Together, this work reveals that farnesylation is essential for parasite survival during temperature stress. Farnesylation of HSP40 may promote thermotolerance by guiding distinct chaperone-client protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S. Mathews
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Andrew J. Jezewski
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Audrey R. Odom John
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Wang TY, Wu JR, Duong NKT, Lu CA, Yeh CH, Wu SJ. HSP70-4 and farnesylated AtJ3 constitute a specific HSP70/HSP40-based chaperone machinery essential for prolonged heat stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 261:153430. [PMID: 33991823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
AtJ3 (J3)-a member of the Arabidopsis cytosolic HSP40 family-harbors a C-terminal CaaX motif for farnesylation, which is exclusively catalyzed by protein farnesyltransferase (PFT). Previously, prolonged incubation at 37 °C for 4 d was found to be lethal to the heat-intolerant 5 (hit5) mutant lacking PFT and transgenic j3 plants expressing a CaaX-abolishing J3C417S construct, indicating that farnesylated J3 is essential for heat tolerance in plants. Given the role of HSP40s as cochaperones of HSP70s, the thermal sensitivity of five individual cytosolic HSP70 (HSP70-1 to HSP70-5) knockout mutants was tested in this study. Only hsp70-4 was sensitive to the prolonged heat treatment like hit5 and j3. The bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay revealed that HSP70-4 interacted with J3 and J3C417Sin vivo at normal (23 °C) and high (37 °C) temperatures. At 23 °C, both HSP70-4-J3 and HSP70-4-J3C417S BiFC signals were uniformly distributed across the cell. However, following treatment at 37 °C, HSP70-4-J3, but not HSP70-4-J3C417S, BiFC signals were detected as discernable foci. These heat-induced HSP70-4-J3 BiFC foci were localized in heat stress granules (HSGs). In addition, hsp70-4 and J3C417S accumulated more insoluble proteins than the wild type. Thus, farnesylated J3 dictates the chaperone function of HSP70-4 in HSGs. Collectively, this study identified the first HSP70/HSP40-type chaperone machinery playing a crucial role in protecting plants against prolonged heat stress, and demonstrated the significance of protein farnesylation in its protective function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yun Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan.
| | - Jia-Rong Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan.
| | - Ngoc Kieu Thi Duong
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-An Lu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Hui Yeh
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan.
| | - Shaw-Jye Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan.
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Ogata T, Ishizaki T, Fujita M, Fujita Y. CRISPR/Cas9-targeted mutagenesis of OsERA1 confers enhanced responses to abscisic acid and drought stress and increased primary root growth under nonstressed conditions in rice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243376. [PMID: 33270810 PMCID: PMC7714338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) signaling components play an important role in the drought stress response in plants. Arabidopsis thaliana ENHANCED RESPONSE TO ABA1 (ERA1) encodes the β-subunit of farnesyltransferase and regulates ABA signaling and the dehydration response. Therefore, ERA1 is an important candidate gene for enhancing drought tolerance in numerous crops. However, a rice (Oryza sativa) ERA1 homolog has not been characterized previously. Here, we show that rice osera1 mutant lines, harboring CRISPR/Cas9-induced frameshift mutations, exhibit similar leaf growth as control plants but increased primary root growth. The osera1 mutant lines also display increased sensitivity to ABA and an enhanced response to drought stress through stomatal regulation. These results illustrate that OsERA1 is a negative regulator of primary root growth under nonstressed conditions and also of responses to ABA and drought stress in rice. These findings improve our understanding of the role of ABA signaling in the drought stress response in rice and suggest a strategy to genetically improve rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Ogata
- Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takuma Ishizaki
- Tropical Agriculture Research Front (TARF), Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Ishigaki, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Miki Fujita
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yasunari Fujita
- Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Rodriguez M, Scintu A, Posadinu CM, Xu Y, Nguyen CV, Sun H, Bitocchi E, Bellucci E, Papa R, Fei Z, Giovannoni JJ, Rau D, Attene G. GWAS Based on RNA-Seq SNPs and High-Throughput Phenotyping Combined with Climatic Data Highlights the Reservoir of Valuable Genetic Diversity in Regional Tomato Landraces. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1387. [PMID: 33238469 PMCID: PMC7709041 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a widely used model plant species for dissecting out the genomic bases of complex traits to thus provide an optimal platform for modern "-omics" studies and genome-guided breeding. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become a preferred approach for screening large diverse populations and many traits. Here, we present GWAS analysis of a collection of 115 landraces and 11 vintage and modern cultivars. A total of 26 conventional descriptors, 40 traits obtained by digital phenotyping, the fruit content of six carotenoids recorded at the early ripening (breaker) and red-ripe stages and 21 climate-related variables were analyzed in the context of genetic diversity monitored in the 126 accessions. The data obtained from thorough phenotyping and the SNP diversity revealed by sequencing of ripe fruit transcripts of 120 of the tomato accessions were jointly analyzed to determine which genomic regions are implicated in the expressed phenotypic variation. This study reveals that the use of fruit RNA-Seq SNP diversity is effective not only for identification of genomic regions that underlie variation in fruit traits, but also of variation related to additional plant traits and adaptive responses to climate variation. These results allowed validation of our approach because different marker-trait associations mapped on chromosomal regions where other candidate genes for the same traits were previously reported. In addition, previously uncharacterized chromosomal regions were targeted as potentially involved in the expression of variable phenotypes, thus demonstrating that our tomato collection is a precious reservoir of diversity and an excellent tool for gene discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Rodriguez
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.S.); (C.M.P.); (D.R.); (G.A.)
- Centro per la Conservazione e Valorizzazione della Biodiversità Vegetale—CBV, Università degli Studi di Sassari, 07041 Alghero, Italy
| | - Alessandro Scintu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.S.); (C.M.P.); (D.R.); (G.A.)
| | - Chiara M. Posadinu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.S.); (C.M.P.); (D.R.); (G.A.)
| | - Yimin Xu
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research and U.S. Department of Agriculture—Agriculture Research Service, Ithaca, New York, NY 14853, USA; (Y.X.); (H.S.); (Z.F.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Cuong V. Nguyen
- Global Institute for Food Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada;
| | - Honghe Sun
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research and U.S. Department of Agriculture—Agriculture Research Service, Ithaca, New York, NY 14853, USA; (Y.X.); (H.S.); (Z.F.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Elena Bitocchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali—D3A, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Elisa Bellucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali—D3A, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Roberto Papa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali—D3A, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research and U.S. Department of Agriculture—Agriculture Research Service, Ithaca, New York, NY 14853, USA; (Y.X.); (H.S.); (Z.F.); (J.J.G.)
| | - James J. Giovannoni
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research and U.S. Department of Agriculture—Agriculture Research Service, Ithaca, New York, NY 14853, USA; (Y.X.); (H.S.); (Z.F.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Domenico Rau
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.S.); (C.M.P.); (D.R.); (G.A.)
| | - Giovanna Attene
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.S.); (C.M.P.); (D.R.); (G.A.)
- Centro per la Conservazione e Valorizzazione della Biodiversità Vegetale—CBV, Università degli Studi di Sassari, 07041 Alghero, Italy
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10
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Fu L, Ding Z, Sun X, Zhang J. Physiological and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Distorted Ion Homeostasis and Responses in the Freshwater Plant Spirodela polyrhiza L. under Salt Stress. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10100743. [PMID: 31554307 PMCID: PMC6826491 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Duckweeds are a family of freshwater angiosperms with morphology reduced to fronds and propagation by vegetative budding. Unlike other angiosperm plants such as Arabidopsis and rice that have physical barriers between their photosynthetic organs and soils, the photosynthetic organs of duckweeds face directly to their nutrient suppliers (waters), therefore, their responses to salinity may be distinct. In this research, we found that the duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza L. accumulated high content of sodium and reduced potassium and calcium contents in large amounts under salt stress. Fresh weight, Rubisco and AGPase activities, and starch content were significantly decreaseded in the first day but recovered gradually in the following days and accumulated more starch than control from Day 3 to Day 5 when treated with 100 mM and 150 mM NaCl. A total of 2156 differentially expressed genes were identified. Overall, the genes related to ethylene metabolism, major CHO degradation, lipid degradation, N-metabolism, secondary metabolism of flavonoids, and abiotic stress were significantly increased, while those involved in cell cycle and organization, cell wall, mitochondrial electron transport of ATP synthesis, light reaction of photosynthesis, auxin metabolism, and tetrapyrrole synthesis were greatly inhibited. Moreover, salt stress also significantly influenced the expression of transcription factors that are mainly involved in abiotic stress and cell differentiation. However, most of the osmosensing calcium antiporters (OSCA) and the potassium inward channels were downregulated, Na+/H+ antiporters (SOS1 and NHX) and a Na+/Ca2+ exchanger were slightly upregulated, but most of them did not respond significantly to salt stress. These results indicated that the ion homeostasis was strongly disturbed. Finally, the shared and distinct regulatory networks of salt stress responses between duckweeds and other plants were intensively discussed. Taken together, these findings provide novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of salt stress response in duckweeds, and can be served as a useful foundation for salt tolerance improvement of duckweeds for the application in salinity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Fu
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, MOA Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Biology and Genetic Resources, Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Hainan Bioenergy Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Zehong Ding
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, MOA Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Biology and Genetic Resources, Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Hainan Bioenergy Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Xuepiao Sun
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, MOA Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Biology and Genetic Resources, Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Hainan Bioenergy Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, MOA Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Biology and Genetic Resources, Hainan Academy of Tropical Agricultural Resource, Hainan Bioenergy Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, China.
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