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Cohen JE, Holsen LM, Ironside M, Moser AD, Duda JM, Null KE, Perlo S, Richards CE, Nascimento NF, Du F, Zuo C, Misra M, Pizzagalli DA, Goldstein JM. Neural response to stress differs by sex in young adulthood. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 332:111646. [PMID: 37146439 PMCID: PMC10247431 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Increase in stress-related disorders in women begins post-puberty and persists throughout the lifespan. To characterize sex differences in stress response in early adulthood, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging while participants underwent a stress task in conjunction with serum cortisol levels and questionnaires assessing anxiety and mood. Forty-two healthy subjects aged 18-25 years participated (21M, 21F). Interaction of stress and sex in brain activation and connectivity were examined. Results demonstrated significant sex differences in brain activity with women exhibiting increased activation in regions that inhibit arousal compared to men during the stress paradigm. Women had increased connectivity among stress circuitry regions and default mode network, whereas men had increased connectivity between stress and cognitive control regions. In a subset of subjects (13F, 17M), we obtained gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) magnetic resonance spectroscopy in rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rostral ACC) and dorsolateral prefrotal cortex (dlPFC) and conducted exploratory analyses to relate GABA measurements with sex differences in brain activation and connectivity. Prefrontal GABA levels were negatively associated with inferior temporal gyrus activation in men and women and with ventromedial prefrontal cortex activation in men. Despite sex differences in neural response, we found similar subjective ratings of anxiety and mood, cortisol levels, and GABA levels between sexes, suggesting sex differences in brain activity result in similar behavioral responses among the sexes. These results help establish sex differences in healthy brain activity from which we can better understand sex differences underlying stress-associated illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine E Cohen
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Innovation Center on Sex Differences in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Laura M Holsen
- Divison of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Ironside
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Amelia D Moser
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Jessica M Duda
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Kaylee E Null
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Perlo
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Christine E Richards
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Nara F Nascimento
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Fei Du
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Chun Zuo
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Madhusmita Misra
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diego A Pizzagalli
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Jill M Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Innovation Center on Sex Differences in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA; Divison of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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He Y, Li Z, Cao L, Han M, Tu J, Deng H, Huang Z, Geng X, Wu J. Effects of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex stimulation on network topological attributes in young individuals with high-level perceived stress: A randomized controlled trial. Psychiatry Res 2023; 326:115297. [PMID: 37320991 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with high-level perceived stress are at higher risk of developing a psychiatric disorder. While repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is effective for improving emotional symptoms, there is little evidence of its effect on perceived stress. This randomized sham-controlled trial investigated the effect of rTMS on ameliorating high-level stress and explored the associated changes in brain network activity. Fifty participants with high-level perceived stress were randomly assigned to either the active or sham rTMS group and received 12 active/sham rTMS sessions over four weeks (three per week). Perceived stress score (PSS), Chinese affective scale (CAS) normal and now statuses, and functional network topology were measured. Our results showed greater improvements in PSS and CAS_Normal scores, and reduced path length in the default mode network after active rTMS. Functional activations of the angular gyrus, posterior insula, and prefrontal cortex were also modulated in the active group. There were significant associations between posterior insula efficiency and PSS scores, and between angular efficiency and CAS_Now scores in the active group. These cumulative findings suggest rTMS as a promising intervention for recovery from high-level perceived stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youze He
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China; The Academy of Rehabilitation Industry, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhaoying Li
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lei Cao
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mengyu Han
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingnan Tu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haiying Deng
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhenming Huang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiujuan Geng
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hongkong, China; Brain and Mind Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jingsong Wu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China; The Academy of Rehabilitation Industry, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
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3
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Raposo-Lima C, Moreira P, Magalhães R, Ferreira S, Sousa N, Picó-Pérez M, Morgado P. Differential patterns of association between resting-state functional connectivity networks and stress in OCD patients. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 118:110563. [PMID: 35569618 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a highly prevalent psychiatric disorder that is characterized by its complex pathophysiology and heterogenous presentation. Multiple studies to date have identified a variety of factors that are involved in the development of symptoms, but little is known about how these affect brain function. In this study, we have tried to understand how stress, one of the most studied risk factors for OCD, may influence resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) by comparing resting brain activity of OCD patients with healthy control subjects, while assessing self-reported levels of perceived stress using the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). Seventy-five OCD patients and seventy-one healthy matched control subjects were enrolled in this study, where we used a data-driven, independent component analysis approach. Our results show differences in connectivity between patients and healthy controls involving the dorsal attention (DAN) and lateral visual networks, with patients presenting increased rsFC within the DAN and decreased rsFC within the lateral visual network. Moreover, connectivity in the anterior default mode (aDMN), dorsal attention and basal ganglia networks was associated with PSS scores in OCD patients. Specifically, rsFC within the DAN and aDMN was positively correlated with PSS scores, while the opposite was observed for the basal ganglia network. This study is the first to report such association between rsFC alterations and self-reported stress levels. Our findings are relevant in the context of OCD pathophysiology given evidence of functional dysconnectivity involving the same networks in previous OCD studies and the possible involvement of these changes in the generation of obsessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Raposo-Lima
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS-3Bs PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center - Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Pedro Moreira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS-3Bs PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center - Braga, Braga, Portugal; Psychology Research Centre (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Magalhães
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS-3Bs PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center - Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Sónia Ferreira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS-3Bs PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center - Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS-3Bs PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center - Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Maria Picó-Pérez
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS-3Bs PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center - Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Pedro Morgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS-3Bs PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center - Braga, Braga, Portugal; Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal.
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Khedr MA, El Sayed HG, El Wakil A. Perceived stress in multiple sclerosis patients: Relationship with mood states and pain experience. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022; 59:103650. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Tripathi V, Garg R. Weak Task Synchronization of Default Mode Network in Task Based Paradigms. Neuroimage 2022; 251:118940. [PMID: 35121184 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.118940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The brains Default mode network (DMN) is generally characterized by brain areas that gets deactivated upon the presentation of a wide variety of externally focused, attention demanding tasks. These areas also exhibit significant intra-DMN functional connectivity and significant negative functional connectivity with other brain areas, especially with attention networks, in both resting state and task conditions. Therefore, the DMN has been hypothesized to be involved in internally directed cognitive activities such as autobiographical recall of the past, future planning and mind wandering. Recent research has discovered the role of bottom-up attention in modulating the behaviour of DMN. We hypothesize that the de-engagement of the DMN regions upon the presentation of an externally-focused attention-demanding stimulus may not be strictly stimulus locked and may exhibit significant trial-to-trial as well as subject-to-subject variability. Due to the involvement of frontoparietal control network in modulating the anticorrelations between DMN and dorsal attention network (DAN), we expect the DMN regions to have lower inter-trial and inter-subject synchronization in their fMRI BOLD responses as compared to the bottom-up early-sensory task-positive regions. To test this hypothesis, we designed new statistical methods called Inter Trial Temporal Synchronization Analysis (IT-TSA) and Inter Subject TSA (IS-TSA) to analyse variability across trials and subjects respectively. We analysed four publicly available datasets (total 223 subjects) across seven tasks related to different cognitive modalities and found out that there is significantly low stimulus-locked synchronization across trials and subjects in the DMN regions as compared to early sensory task positive regions. Our study challenges the understanding of DMN as a strictly task-negative region and supports the recent findings that DMN acts as an active component associated with intrinsic processing which deactivates differentially and non-linearly across trials and subjects in the presence of extrinsic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Tripathi
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Rahul Garg
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, 110052, India; Amar Nath and Shashi Khosla School of Information Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, 110052, India; National Resource Centre for Value Education in Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, 110052, India
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6
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Portugal-Nunes C, Reis J, Coelho A, Moreira PS, Castanho TC, Magalhães R, Marques P, Soares JM, Amorim L, Cunha PG, Santos NC, Costa P, Palha JA, Sousa N, Bessa JM. The Association of Metabolic Dysfunction and Mood Across Lifespan Interacts With the Default Mode Network Functional Connectivity. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:618623. [PMID: 34408637 PMCID: PMC8364979 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.618623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Numerous studies suggest a relationship between depression and metabolic syndrome, which is likely influenced by age. Interestingly, functional imaging analysis has shown an association between functional connectivity in the default mode network (DMN-FC) and components of metabolic syndrome, which is explored in this study. Methods: From a larger longitudinal cohort study on healthy aging, 943 individuals were extensively characterized for mood and cognition. Among these, 120 individuals who were selected for displaying extreme cognitive performance within the normal range (good and poor performers) were further studied. Here, in a cross-sectional design, using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the association between metabolic dysfunction and depressive mood as a function of age and its relationship with DMN-FC was studied. Results: Metabolic dysfunction was modeled as a second-order latent variable using CFA. First-order latent variables were obesity, glucose dysmetabolism, lipids imbalance, and blood pressure. Using multiple linear regression models, this study observed that metabolic dysfunction, glucose dysmetabolism, and lipids imbalance were linearly associated with depressive mood, and the association with obesity was U-shaped. The association of metabolic dysfunction, obesity, and glucose dysmetabolism with depressive mood is positive for the younger individuals in our sample and vanishes with aging. The FC of the right superior temporal gyrus with the DMN correlated with both obesity and depressive mood. In participants with higher obesity scores, FC increased with higher GDS scores, while in those with lower GDS scores, FC decreased. Age and blood pressure were associated with a more complex pattern of association between FC of the right supramarginal gyrus and GDS score. Conclusion: The association of metabolic dysfunction with depressive mood is influenced by age and relates with differential patterns of DMN-FC. The combination of the effects of age, mood, and metabolic dysfunction is likely to explain the heterogeneity of DMN-FC, which deserves further investigation with larger and longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Portugal-Nunes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Reis
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Coelho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Pedro Silva Moreira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal.,Psychological Neuroscience Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Teresa Costa Castanho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Magalhães
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Paulo Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - José Miguel Soares
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Liliana Amorim
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Pedro Guimarães Cunha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Centro Hospitalar do Alto Ave-EPE, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nadine Correia Santos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Patrício Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Almeida Palha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - João Miguel Bessa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
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Bajaj S, Raikes AC, Razi A, Miller MA, Killgore WDS. Blue-Light Therapy Strengthens Resting-State Effective Connectivity within Default-Mode Network after Mild TBI. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis 2021; 13:11795735211015076. [PMID: 34104033 PMCID: PMC8145607 DOI: 10.1177/11795735211015076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Emerging evidence suggests that post concussive symptoms, including mood changes, may be improved through morning blue-wavelength light therapy (BLT). However, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these effects remain unknown. We hypothesize that BLT may influence the effective brain connectivity (EC) patterns within the default-mode network (DMN), particularly involving the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), which may contribute to improvements in mood. Methods: Resting-state functional MRI data were collected from 41 healthy-controls (HCs) and 28 individuals with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Individuals with mTBI also underwent a diffusion-weighted imaging scan and were randomly assigned to complete either 6 weeks of daily morning BLT (N = 14) or amber light therapy (ALT; N = 14). Advanced spectral dynamic causal modeling (sDCM) and diffusion MRI connectometry were used to estimate EC patterns and structural connectivity strength within the DMN, respectively. Results: The sDCM analysis showed dominant connectivity pattern following mTBI (pre-treatment) within the hemisphere contralateral to the one observed for HCs. BLT, but not ALT, resulted in improved directional information flow (ie, EC) from the left lateral parietal cortex (LLPC) to MPFC within the DMN. The improvement in EC from LLPC to MPFC was accompanied by stronger structural connectivity between the 2 areas. For the BLT group, the observed improvements in function and structure were correlated (at a trend level) with changes in self-reported happiness. Conclusions: The current preliminary findings provide empirical evidence that morning short-wavelength light therapy could be used as a novel alternative rehabilitation technique for mTBI. Trial registry: The research protocols were registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov database (CT Identifiers NCT01747811 and NCT01721356).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Bajaj
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (SCAN) Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Multimodal Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (MCNL), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
- Sahil Bajaj, Multimodal Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, 14015 Flanagan Blvd. Suite #102, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA.
| | - Adam C Raikes
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Adeel Razi
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, and Monash Biomedical Imaging at Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- The Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Electronic Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Michael A Miller
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (SCAN) Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - William DS Killgore
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (SCAN) Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Almdahl IS, Martinussen LJ, Agartz I, Hugdahl K, Korsnes MS. Inhibition of emotions in healthy aging: age-related differences in brain network connectivity. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e02052. [PMID: 33543596 PMCID: PMC8119855 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Successful inhibition of distracting emotions is important for preserving well-being and daily functioning. There is conflicting evidence regarding the impact of healthy aging on emotional inhibition, and possible age-related alterations in the neuronal underpinnings of emotional interference processing are unexplored. METHODS Thirty younger (mean age 26 years; 15 women) and 30 older (mean age 71 years; 13 women) healthy adults performed a face-word emotional Stroop task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. A resting-state scan was acquired for calculating the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations as an estimate of vascular reactivity. Comparisons of brain activation during the task were assessed in a whole-brain, voxel-wise analysis, contrasting congruent, and incongruent conditions. The canonical regions of the frontoparietal, salience, dorsal attention, and default mode networks were used as seed regions for assessing functional connectivity within and between large-scale brain networks. Task performance was evaluated using response accuracy and response time. RESULTS The older adults had longer response times and lower task accuracy than the younger adults, but the emotional interference effect was not significantly different between the groups. Whole-brain analysis revealed no significant age-related differences in brain activation patterns. Rescaling the data for estimated variability in vascular reactivity did not affect the results. In older adults, there was relatively stronger functional connectivity with the default mode network, the sensorimotor network, and the dorsal attention network for the frontoparietal and salience network seeds during the task. Conversely, younger adults had relatively stronger connections within and between the frontoparietal and salience networks. CONCLUSION In this first fMRI study of emotional Stroop interference in older and younger adults, we found that the emotional interference effect was unchanged in healthy aging and replicated the finding from non-emotional task studies that older adults have greater between-network and less within-network connectivity compared to younger adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina S Almdahl
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Liva J Martinussen
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kenneth Hugdahl
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Maria S Korsnes
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Kalafatakis K, Russell GM, Ferguson SG, Grabski M, Harmer CJ, Munafò MR, Marchant N, Wilson A, Brooks JC, Thakrar J, Murphy P, Thai NJ, Lightman SL. Glucocorticoid ultradian rhythmicity differentially regulates mood and resting state networks in the human brain: A randomised controlled clinical trial. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021; 124:105096. [PMID: 33296841 PMCID: PMC7895801 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.105096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Adrenal glucocorticoid secretion into the systematic circulation is characterised by a complex rhythm, composed of the diurnal variation, formed by changes in pulse amplitude of an underlying ultradian rhythm of short duration hormonal pulses. To elucidate the potential neurobiological significance of glucocorticoid pulsatility in man, we have conducted a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, three-way crossover clinical trial on 15 healthy volunteers, investigating the impact of different glucocorticoid rhythms on measures of mood and neural activity under resting conditions by recruiting functional neuroimaging, computerised behavioural tests and ecological momentary assessments. Endogenous glucocorticoid biosynthesis was pharmacologically suppressed, and plasma levels of corticosteroid restored by hydrocortisone replacement in three different regimes, either mimicking the normal ultradian and circadian profile of the hormone, or retaining the normal circadian but abolishing the ultradian rhythm of the hormone, or by our current best oral replacement regime which results in a suboptimal circadian and ultradian rhythm. Our results indicate that changes in the temporal mode of glucocorticoid replacement impact (i) the morning levels of self-perceived vigour, fatigue and concentration, (ii) the diurnal pattern of mood variation, (iii) the within-network functional connectivity of various large-scale resting state networks of the human brain, (iv) the functional connectivity of the default-mode, salience and executive control networks with glucocorticoid-sensitive nodes of the corticolimbic system, and (v) the functional relationship between mood variation and underlying neural networks. The findings indicate that the pattern of the ultradian glucocorticoid rhythm could affect cognitive psychophysiology under non-stressful conditions and opens new pathways for our understanding on the neuropsychological effects of cortisol pulsatility with relevance to the goal of optimising glucocorticoid replacement strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Kalafatakis
- Laboratories of Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, BS1 3NY Bristol, United Kingdom; Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, University of Bristol and University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, BS2 8DX Bristol, United Kingdom; Royal Bristol Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, BS2 8HW Bristol, United Kingdom.
| | - Georgina M Russell
- Laboratories of Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, BS1 3NY Bristol, United Kingdom; Royal Bristol Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, BS2 8HW Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart G Ferguson
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Meryem Grabski
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, BS8 1TU Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine J Harmer
- Department of Psychiatry, Oxford University and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, OX3 7JX Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus R Munafò
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, BS8 1TU Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Marchant
- Laboratories of Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, BS1 3NY Bristol, United Kingdom; Royal Bristol Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, BS2 8HW Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Aileen Wilson
- Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, University of Bristol and University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, BS2 8DX Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan C Brooks
- Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, University of Bristol and University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, BS2 8DX Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jamini Thakrar
- Laboratories of Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, BS1 3NY Bristol, United Kingdom; Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, University of Bristol and University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, BS2 8DX Bristol, United Kingdom; Royal Bristol Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, BS2 8HW Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Murphy
- Laboratories of Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, BS1 3NY Bristol, United Kingdom; Royal Bristol Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, BS2 8HW Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Ngoc J Thai
- Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, University of Bristol and University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, BS2 8DX Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Stafford L Lightman
- Laboratories of Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, BS1 3NY Bristol, United Kingdom; Royal Bristol Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, BS2 8HW Bristol, United Kingdom
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10
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Castanho TC, Santos NC, Meleiro-Neves C, Neto S, Moura GR, Santos MA, Cruz AR, Cunha O, Castro Rodrigues A, Rodrigues AJ, Sousa N. Association of positive and negative life events with cognitive performance and psychological status in late life: A cross-sectional study in Northern Portugal. AGING BRAIN 2021; 1:100020. [PMID: 36911520 PMCID: PMC9997151 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2021.100020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Life events have important effects on psychological well-being. Yet, studies have mainly focused on exploring the impact of traumatic and negative experiences on health and well-being, with positive events receiving marginal attention. In this study, we investigated the association between negative and positive life events, cognitive performance and psychological status in older individuals. Method A cross-sectional approach with a sample of 97 community-dwelling adults, recruited from a network of 23 centres/institutions in Northern Portugal, and aged between 56 and 85 years, was conducted. All participants were evaluated through a battery of tests assessing for depressive mood, perceived stress, and cognitive functioning. Life events were measured using the Lifetime Experiences Scale (LIFES) which covers 75 life experiences organized in eight domains. Results A total of 95.9% of the participants reported more positive life events than negative throughout life. Participants reporting more positive experiences had lower scores in the depressive mood and perceived stress measures. At the domain-level of LIFES scale, more negative experiences in the Work and Health domains were associated with a depressed mood and more perceived stress. Significant positive associations were found between positive life experiences and most cognitive measures, after controlling for sex, education, age and depressive symptoms. Namely, more positive experiences at School, Leisure, and Living conditions were positively associated with better performance across cognitive tests. Discussion This study adds important evidence on the association between of life events, both negative and positive experiences, on cognition and psychological well-being, providing a more balanced view of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Castanho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho - Braga, Portugal.,Association P5 Digital Medical Centre (ACMP5), Braga, Portugal
| | - N C Santos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho - Braga, Portugal.,Association P5 Digital Medical Centre (ACMP5), Braga, Portugal
| | - C Meleiro-Neves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho - Braga, Portugal
| | - S Neto
- Genome Medicine laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - G R Moura
- Genome Medicine laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M A Santos
- Genome Medicine laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A R Cruz
- School of Psychology, University of Minho - Braga, Portugal.,Lusófona University HEI-Lab, Porto, Portugal
| | - O Cunha
- School of Psychology, University of Minho - Braga, Portugal.,Lusófona University HEI-Lab, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Castro Rodrigues
- School of Psychology, University of Minho - Braga, Portugal.,ISPA, William James Center for Research, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A J Rodrigues
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho - Braga, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center - Braga (2CA-B), Braga, Portugal
| | - N Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho - Braga, Portugal.,Association P5 Digital Medical Centre (ACMP5), Braga, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center - Braga (2CA-B), Braga, Portugal
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11
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Keshmiri S. Stress Changes the Resting-State Cortical Flow of Information from Distributed to Frontally Directed Patterns. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E236. [PMID: 32824879 PMCID: PMC7464349 DOI: 10.3390/biology9080236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite converging evidence on the involvement of large-scale distributed brain networks in response to stress, the effect of stress on the components of these networks is less clear. Although some studies identify higher regional activities in response to stress, others observe an opposite effect in the similar regions. Studies based on synchronized activities and coactivation of these components also yield similar differing results. However, these differences are not necessarily contradictory once we observe the effect of stress on these functional networks in terms of the change in information processing capacity of their components. In the present study, we investigate the utility of such a shift in the analysis of the effect of stress on distributed cortical regions through quantification of the flow of information among them. For this purpose, we use the self-assessed responses of 216 individuals to stress-related questionnaires and systematically select 20 of them whose responses showed significantly higher and lower susceptibility to stress. We then use these 20 individuals' resting-state multi-channel electroencephalography (EEG) recordings (both Eyes-Closed (EC) and Eyes-Open (EO) settings) and compute the distributed flow of information among their cortical regions using transfer entropy (TE). The contribution of the present study is three-fold. First, it identifies that the stress-susceptibility is characterized by the change in flow of information in fronto-parietal brain network. Second, it shows that these regions are distributed bi-hemispherically and are sufficient to significantly differentiate between the individuals with high versus low stress-susceptibility. Third, it verifies that the high stress-susceptibility is markedly associated with a higher parietal-to-frontal flow of information. These results provide further evidence for the viewpoint in which the brain's modulation of information is not necessarily accompanied by the change in its regional activity. They further construe the effect of stress in terms of a disturbance that disrupts the flow of information among the brain's distributed cortical regions. These observations, in turn, suggest that some of the differences in the previous findings perhaps reflect different aspects of impaired distributed brain information processing in response to stress. From a broader perspective, these results posit the use of TE as a potential diagnostic/prognostic tool in identification of the effect of stress on distributed brain networks that are involved in stress-response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Keshmiri
- The Thomas N. Sato BioMEC-X Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR), Kyoto 619-0237, Japan
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12
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Zhuo C, Ji F, Tian H, Wang L, Jia F, Jiang D, Chen C, Zhou C, Lin X, Zhu J. Transient effects of multi-infusion ketamine augmentation on treatment-resistant depressive symptoms in patients with treatment-resistant bipolar depression - An open-label three-week pilot study. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01674. [PMID: 32621379 PMCID: PMC7428494 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While the psychiatric benefits of ketamine have been verified through clinical trials, there is limited information about ketamine augmentation in patients with treatment-resistant bipolar depression (TRBPD). Hence, in the present study, we investigate the therapeutic efficacy and functional brain alterations associated with multi-infusion ketamine augmentation in patients with TRBPD. METHODS The present three-week study included 38 patients with TRBPD, all of whom received a series of nine ketamine injections over the study period. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) was used to assess the effects of multi-infusion ketamine combined with mood stabilizers. Brain function was evaluated by global functional connectivity density (gFCD). RESULTS Adjunctive treatment with multiple infusions of ketamine, when combined with a mood stabilizer, could effectively alleviate depressive symptoms for one week, yet the symptoms began to relapse during the second week. Functional brain alterations were detected via gFCD. Specifically, gFCD reductions were mainly found in the bilateral insula, right caudate nucleus, and bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, while increased gFCD was mainly located in the bilateral postcentral gyrus, subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, bilateral thalamus, and cerebellum. Although gFCD alterations were sustained for up to three weeks after the first ketamine infusion, the antidepressant effects of ketamine augmentation sharply declined from the end of the second week of treatment. CONCLUSIONS Multi-infusion ketamine augmentation can rapidly alleviate depressive symptoms in patients with TRBPD. The clinical effects were primarily visible in the first week after treatment and partially sustained for two weeks; however, the therapeutic effects and related functional brain alterations sharply decreased from the end of the second week. Based on these findings, we demonstrated that the clinical efficacy and functional brain alterations induced by ketamine augmentation are transient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjun Zhuo
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Department of Psychiatry and Imaging-Genetics and Co-morbidity (PNGC-Lab), Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin Mental Health Center, Mental Health Teaching Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Psychiatry Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Feng Ji
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Hongjun Tian
- Department of Psychiatry and Imaging-Genetics and Co-morbidity (PNGC-Lab), Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin Mental Health Center, Mental Health Teaching Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Imaging-Genetics and Co-morbidity (PNGC-Lab), Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin Mental Health Center, Mental Health Teaching Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Jia
- Department of Psychiatry and Imaging-Genetics and Co-morbidity (PNGC-Lab), Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin Mental Health Center, Mental Health Teaching Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Deguo Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ce Chen
- Department of Psychiatry Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaodong Lin
- Department of Psychiatry Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
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13
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Zhuo C, Lin X, Tian H, Liu S, Bian H, Chen C. Adjunct ketamine treatment of depression in treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients is unsatisfactory in pilot and secondary follow-up studies. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01600. [PMID: 32174025 PMCID: PMC7218248 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of adjunct ketamine treatment on chronic treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients with treatment-resistant depressive symptoms (CTRS-TRD patients), including alterations in brain function. METHODS Intravenous ketamine (0.5 mg/kg body weight) was administered to CTRS-TRD patients over a 1-hr period on days 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, and 25 of our initial pilot study. This treatment method was subsequently repeated 58 days after the start of the pilot study for a secondary follow-up study. Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and regional homogeneity (ReHo) results were used to assess treatment effects and alterations in brain function throughout the entire duration of our studies. RESULTS Between day 7 and day 14 of the first treatment, CDSS scores were reduced by 63.8% and PANSS scores were reduced by 30.04%. In addition, ReHo values increased in the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. However, by day 21, depressive symptoms relapsed. During the second treatment period, CDSS and PANSS scores exhibited no significant differences compared to baseline between day 58 and day 86. On day 65, ReHo values were higher in the temporal, frontal, and parietal lobes. However, on day 79, the increase in ReHo values completely disappeared. CONCLUSIONS Depressive symptoms in CTRS-TRD patients were alleviated with adjunct ketamine treatment for only 1 week during the first treatment period. Moreover, after 1 month, the antidepressant effects of ketamine on CTRS-TRD patients completely disappeared. Correspondingly, ReHo alterations induced by ketamine in the CTRS-TRD patients were not maintained for more than 3 weeks. These pilot findings indicate that adjunct ketamine treatment is not satisfactory for CTRS-TRD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjun Zhuo
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Department of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetics Laboratory (PNG_Lab), Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China.,PNGC-Lab, Tianjin Mental Health Centre, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaodong Lin
- Department of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetics Laboratory (PNG_Lab), Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongjun Tian
- PNGC-Lab, Tianjin Mental Health Centre, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tainyuan, China
| | - Haiman Bian
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Centre Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Affiliated Fourth Centre Hospital, Tianijn, China
| | - Ce Chen
- Department of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetics Laboratory (PNG_Lab), Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
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14
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Liu J, Tao J, Liu W, Huang J, Xue X, Li M, Yang M, Zhu J, Lang C, Park J, Tu Y, Wilson G, Chen L, Kong J. Different modulation effects of Tai Chi Chuan and Baduanjin on resting-state functional connectivity of the default mode network in older adults. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2020; 14:217-224. [PMID: 30690554 PMCID: PMC6374601 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsz001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The default mode network (DMN) plays an important role in age-related cognitive decline. This study aims to explore the modulation effect of two mind–body interventions (Tai Chi Chuan and Baduanjin) on DMN in elderly individuals. Participants between 50 and 70 years old were recruited and randomized into a Tai Chi Chuan, Baduanjin or control group. The Wechsler Memory Scale-Chinese Revision and resting-state fMRI scans were administered at baseline and following 12 weeks of exercise. Seed-based resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) was calculated. We found that (i) compared to the Baduanjin group, Tai Chi Chuan was significantly associated with increased rsFC between the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and right putamen/caudate and (ii) compared to the control group, Tai Chi Chuan increased posterior cingulate cortex rsFC with the right putamen/caudate, while Baduanjin decreased rsFC between the mPFC and orbital prefrontal gyrus/putamen. Baseline mPFC rsFC with orbital prefrontal gyrus was negatively correlated with visual reproduction subscore. These results suggest that both Tai Chi Chuan and Baduanjin can modulate the DMN, but through different pathways. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying different mind–body interventions may shed light on the development of new methods to prevent age-related diseases as well as other disorders associated with disrupted DMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- Fujian Rehabilitation Tech Co-innovation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Jing Tao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.,College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weilin Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiehua Xue
- Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ming Li
- Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Mingge Yang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jingfang Zhu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Courtney Lang
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Joel Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Yiheng Tu
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Georgia Wilson
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Lidian Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jian Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
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15
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Ye J, Lin X, Jiang D, Chen M, Zhang Y, Tian H, Li J, Zhuo C, Zhao Y. Adjunct ketamine treatment effects on treatment-resistant depressive symptoms in chronic treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients are short-term and disassociated from regional homogeneity changes in key brain regions – a pilot study. PSYCHIAT CLIN PSYCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1699726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaen Ye
- Department of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetics Laboratory (PNG_Lab), Wenzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Lin
- Department of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetics Laboratory (PNG_Lab), Wenzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Deguo Jiang
- Department of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetics Laboratory (PNG_Lab), Wenzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanchi Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Changchun Sixth People’s Hospital, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongjun Tian
- PNGC-Lab, Tianjin Mental Health Centre, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tainyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuanjun Zhuo
- Department of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetics Laboratory (PNG_Lab), Wenzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Psychiatry, Changchun Sixth People’s Hospital, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- PNGC-Lab, Tianjin Mental Health Centre, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, Qingdao Mental Health Centre, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Association between spontaneous activity of the default mode network hubs and leukocyte telomere length in late childhood and early adolescence. J Psychosom Res 2019; 127:109864. [PMID: 31706071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.109864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The impact of early life stress on mental health and telomere length shortening have been reported. Changes in brain default mode network (DMN) were found to be related to a myriad of psychiatric conditions in which stress may play a role. In this context, family environment and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are potential causes of stress. This is a hypothesis-driven study focused on testing two hypotheses: (i) there is an association between telomere length and the function of two main hubs of DMN: the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC); (ii) this association is modulated by family environment and/or ACEs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating these hypotheses. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data and blood sample were collected from 389 subjects (6-15 age range). We assessed DMN fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) and leukocyte telomere length (LTL). We fitted general linear models to test the main effects of LTL on DMN hubs and the interaction effects with Family Environment Scale (FES) and ACEs. The results did not survive a strict Bonferroni correction. However, uncorrected p-values suggest that LTL was positively correlated with fALFF in PCC and a FES interaction between FES and LTL at mPFC. Although marginal, our results encourage further research on the interaction between DMN hubs, telomere length and family environment, which may play a role on the biological embedding of stress.
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17
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Downey LA, Simpson TN, Ford TC, McPhee G, Suo C, Myers SP, Oliver C, Stough CKK. Increased Posterior Cingulate Functional Connectivity Following 6-Month High-Dose B-Vitamin Multivitamin Supplementation: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Front Nutr 2019; 6:156. [PMID: 31612139 PMCID: PMC6776972 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
B vitamins are essential for optimal brain and body function, and are particularly important for cortical metabolic processes that have downstream effects on mitigating oxidative stress. Oxidative stress has been linked to poor psychological outcomes including psychological distress, which has wide-reaching implications for the community and the workplace. Given work-related stress has been associated with poor mental health outcomes, high-dose B vitamin supplementation may be effective in improving brain function and psychological outcomes via attenuation of oxidative stress. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated psychological outcomes following 6-month supplementation of a high-B-vitamin multivitamin in a large sample of healthy adults (n = 108, aged 30-70 years), as well as changes in default mode network functional connectivity in a subset of the original sample (n = 28). Improvements in occupational stress, general health, perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and mood profiles were identified for both active and placebo groups over time (p < 0.05 corrected). Seed-based functional connectivity analysis centered on the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) showed that connectivity between the PCC and the caudate increased for the active treatment group, but decreased for the placebo group (p < 0.05 corrected). These findings reveal a substantial intervention effect for both active and placebo treatments, which could in part be associated with a placebo effect in subjective measures. There was, however, a significant treatment effect in the objective measure of functional connectivity, suggesting that reduced psychological stress and high-B-vitamin multivitamin supplementation may lead to an increase in DMN and caudate functional connectivity, which might reflect a strengthening of neurocircuitry within areas associated with reward and emotion at rest. Future studies should consider a placebo run-in methodology to reduce the placebo effect on the subjective measures of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke A Downey
- Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tamara N Simpson
- Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Talitha C Ford
- Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Faculty of Heath, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Grace McPhee
- Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chao Suo
- Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen P Myers
- NatMed-Research, Division of Research, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia.,National Centre for Naturopathic Medicine, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Chris Oliver
- Oliver Nutrition, Pty Ltd, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Con K K Stough
- Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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18
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Dioli C, Patrício P, Sousa N, Kokras N, Dalla C, Guerreiro S, Santos-Silva MA, Rego AC, Pinto L, Ferreiro E, Sotiropoulos I. Chronic stress triggers divergent dendritic alterations in immature neurons of the adult hippocampus, depending on their ultimate terminal fields. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:143. [PMID: 31028242 PMCID: PMC6486609 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0477-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress, a suggested precipitant of brain pathologies, such as depression and Alzheimer's disease, is known to impact on brain plasticity by causing neuronal remodeling as well as neurogenesis suppression in the adult hippocampus. Although many studies show that stressful conditions reduce the number of newborn neurons in the adult dentate gyrus (DG), little is known about whether and how stress impacts on dendritic development and structural maturation of these newborn neurons. We, herein, demonstrate that chronic stress impacts differentially on doublecortin (DCX)-positive immature neurons in distinct phases of maturation. Specifically, the density of the DCX-positive immature neurons whose dendritic tree reaches the inner molecular layer (IML) of DG is reduced in stressed animals, whereas their dendritic complexity is increased. On the contrary, no change on the density of DCX-positive neurons whose dendritic tree extends to the medial/outer molecular layer (M/OML) of the DG is found under stress conditions, whereas the dendritic complexity of these cells is diminished. In addition, DCX+ cells displayed a more complex and longer arbor in the dendritic compartments located in the granular cell layer of the DG under stress conditions; on the contrary, their dendritic segments localized into the M/OML were shorter and less complex. These findings suggest that the neuroplastic effects of chronic stress on dendritic maturation and complexity of DCX+ immature neurons vary based on the different maturation stage of DCX-positive cells and the different DG sublayer, highlighting the complex and dynamic stress-driven neuroplasticity of immature neurons in the adult hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysoula Dioli
- 0000 0001 2159 175Xgrid.10328.38Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal ,0000 0001 2159 175Xgrid.10328.38ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Patrício
- 0000 0001 2159 175Xgrid.10328.38Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal ,0000 0001 2159 175Xgrid.10328.38ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- 0000 0001 2159 175Xgrid.10328.38Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal ,0000 0001 2159 175Xgrid.10328.38ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nikolaos Kokras
- 0000 0001 2155 0800grid.5216.0First Department of Psychiatry, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece ,0000 0001 2155 0800grid.5216.0Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Dalla
- 0000 0001 2155 0800grid.5216.0Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sara Guerreiro
- 0000 0001 2159 175Xgrid.10328.38Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal ,0000 0001 2159 175Xgrid.10328.38ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Miguel A. Santos-Silva
- 0000 0001 2159 175Xgrid.10328.38Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal ,0000 0001 2159 175Xgrid.10328.38ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Rego
- 0000 0000 9511 4342grid.8051.cCenter for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal ,0000 0000 9511 4342grid.8051.cInstitute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luísa Pinto
- 0000 0001 2159 175Xgrid.10328.38Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal ,0000 0001 2159 175Xgrid.10328.38ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Ferreiro
- 0000 0000 9511 4342grid.8051.cCenter for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal ,0000 0000 9511 4342grid.8051.cInstitute for Interdisciplinary Research of the University of Coimbra (IIIUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ioannis Sotiropoulos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal. .,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
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19
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Chén OY, Cao H, Reinen JM, Qian T, Gou J, Phan H, De Vos M, Cannon TD. Resting-state brain information flow predicts cognitive flexibility in humans. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3879. [PMID: 30846746 PMCID: PMC6406001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40345-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The human brain is a dynamic system, where communication between spatially distinct areas facilitates complex cognitive functions and behaviors. How information transfers between brain regions and how it gives rise to human cognition, however, are unclear. In this article, using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 783 healthy adults in the Human Connectome Project (HCP) dataset, we map the brain's directed information flow architecture through a Granger-Geweke causality prism. We demonstrate that the information flow profiles in the general population primarily involve local exchanges within specialized functional systems, long-distance exchanges from the dorsal brain to the ventral brain, and top-down exchanges from the higher-order systems to the primary systems. Using an information flow map discovered from 550 subjects, the individual directed information flow profiles can significantly predict cognitive flexibility scores in 233 novel individuals. Our results provide evidence for directed information network architecture in the cerebral cortex, and suggest that features of the information flow configuration during rest underpin cognitive ability in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Y Chén
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Hengyi Cao
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jenna M Reinen
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- IBM Watson Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tianchen Qian
- Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jiangtao Gou
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Huy Phan
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- School of Computing, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Maarten De Vos
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tyrone D Cannon
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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20
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Rebello K, Moura LM, Pinaya WHL, Rohde LA, Sato JR. Default Mode Network Maturation and Environmental Adversities During Childhood. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 2:2470547018808295. [PMID: 32440587 PMCID: PMC7219900 DOI: 10.1177/2470547018808295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Default mode network (DMN) plays a central role in cognition and brain disorders.
It has been shown that adverse environmental conditions impact neurodevelopment,
but how these conditions impact in DMN maturation is still poorly understood.
This article reviews representative neuroimaging functional studies addressing
the interactions between DMN development and environmental factors, focusing on
early life adversities, a critical period for brain changes. Studies focused on
this period of life offer a special challenge: to disentangle the
neurodevelopmental connectivity changes from those related to environmental
conditions. We first summarized the literature on DMN maturation, providing an
overview of both typical and atypical development patterns in childhood and
early adolescence. Afterward, we focused on DMN changes associated with chronic
exposure to environmental adversities during childhood. This summary suggests
that changes in DMN development could be a potential allostatic neural feature
associated with an embodiment of environmental circumstances. Finally, we
discuss about some key methodological issues that should be considered in
paradigms addressing environmental adversities and open questions for future
investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keila Rebello
- Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, Brazil
| | - Luciana M Moura
- Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, Brazil
| | - Walter H L Pinaya
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Luis A Rohde
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - João R Sato
- Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, Brazil
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21
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Huang CY, Hsieh YM, Lai HL. Effect of Stimulative and Sedative Music Videos on Depressive Symptoms and Physiological Relaxation in Older Adults: A Pilot Study. Res Gerontol Nurs 2017; 9:233-42. [PMID: 27637111 DOI: 10.3928/19404921-20160906-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Music has been found to improve depressive symptoms and relaxation. However, few studies related to this issue have been conducted using music videos (MVs). The aim was to compare the effects of stimulative and sedative MVs on depressive symptoms and physiological relaxation (i.e., electromyography, heart rate variability, and skin conductance) in older adults with depressive symptoms. Using a 2-week crossover design, interventions alternated between watching a stimulative and sedative MV and vice versa. Each intervention lasted for 30 minutes on 1 day during the first week, and was then alternated to another intervention for 1 day during the following week. Stimulative MVs were more effective in treating depressive symptoms than sedative MVs. Stimulative and sedative MVs had beneficial effects on depressive symptoms and physiological relaxation compared with baseline data. These findings add new knowledge to the literature for health care providers to improve psychophysiological health in older adults with depressive symptoms. [Res Gerontol Nurs. 2016; 9(5):233-242.].
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22
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Cognitive performance in healthy older adults relates to spontaneous switching between states of functional connectivity during rest. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5135. [PMID: 28698644 PMCID: PMC5506029 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05425-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence has shown that brain activity at rest slowly wanders through a repertoire of different states, where whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) temporarily settles into distinct FC patterns. Nevertheless, the functional role of resting-state activity remains unclear. Here, we investigate how the switching behavior of resting-state FC relates with cognitive performance in healthy older adults. We analyse resting-state fMRI data from 98 healthy adults previously categorized as being among the best or among the worst performers in a cohort study of >1000 subjects aged 50+ who underwent neuropsychological assessment. We use a novel approach focusing on the dominant FC pattern captured by the leading eigenvector of dynamic FC matrices. Recurrent FC patterns - or states - are detected and characterized in terms of lifetime, probability of occurrence and switching profiles. We find that poorer cognitive performance is associated with weaker FC temporal similarity together with altered switching between FC states. These results provide new evidence linking the switching dynamics of FC during rest with cognitive performance in later life, reinforcing the functional role of resting-state activity for effective cognitive processing.
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23
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Wheelock MD, Harnett NG, Wood KH, Orem TR, Granger DA, Mrug S, Knight DC. Prefrontal Cortex Activity Is Associated with Biobehavioral Components of the Stress Response. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:583. [PMID: 27909404 PMCID: PMC5112266 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Contemporary theory suggests that prefrontal cortex (PFC) function is associated with individual variability in the psychobiology of the stress response. Advancing our understanding of this complex biobehavioral pathway has potential to provide insight into processes that determine individual differences in stress susceptibility. The present study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine brain activity during a variation of the Montreal Imaging Stress Task (MIST) in 53 young adults. Salivary cortisol was assessed as an index of the stress response, trait anxiety was assessed as an index of an individual’s disposition toward negative affectivity, and self-reported stress was assessed as an index of an individual’s subjective psychological experience. Heart rate and skin conductance responses were also assessed as additional measures of physiological reactivity. Dorsomedial PFC, dorsolateral PFC, and inferior parietal lobule demonstrated differential activity during the MIST. Further, differences in salivary cortisol reactivity to the MIST were associated with ventromedial PFC and posterior cingulate activity, while trait anxiety and self-reported stress were associated with dorsomedial and ventromedial PFC activity, respectively. These findings underscore that PFC activity regulates behavioral and psychobiological components of the stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriah D Wheelock
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL, USA
| | - Nathaniel G Harnett
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL, USA
| | - Kimberly H Wood
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL, USA
| | - Tyler R Orem
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL, USA
| | - Douglas A Granger
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience Research, University of California at Irvine, IrvineCA, USA; Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, BaltimoreMD, USA
| | - Sylvie Mrug
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL, USA
| | - David C Knight
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL, USA
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24
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Soares JM, Magalhães R, Moreira PS, Sousa A, Ganz E, Sampaio A, Alves V, Marques P, Sousa N. A Hitchhiker's Guide to Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:515. [PMID: 27891073 PMCID: PMC5102908 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies have become increasingly popular both with clinicians and researchers as they are capable of providing unique insights into brain functions. However, multiple technical considerations (ranging from specifics of paradigm design to imaging artifacts, complex protocol definition, and multitude of processing and methods of analysis, as well as intrinsic methodological limitations) must be considered and addressed in order to optimize fMRI analysis and to arrive at the most accurate and grounded interpretation of the data. In practice, the researcher/clinician must choose, from many available options, the most suitable software tool for each stage of the fMRI analysis pipeline. Herein we provide a straightforward guide designed to address, for each of the major stages, the techniques, and tools involved in the process. We have developed this guide both to help those new to the technique to overcome the most critical difficulties in its use, as well as to serve as a resource for the neuroimaging community.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Soares
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Magalhães
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Pedro S. Moreira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
- Department of Informatics, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
| | - Edward Ganz
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Adriana Sampaio
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
| | - Victor Alves
- Department of Informatics, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
| | - Paulo Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center – BragaBraga, Portugal
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