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Akar KE, Bagci P. Prognostic significance of necrosis in ampullary carcinomas. Ir J Med Sci 2024:10.1007/s11845-024-03740-3. [PMID: 38922490 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-024-03740-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Necrosis is an important pathological feature that reflects high malignancy potential in tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma. We aimed to elucidate the prognostic impact of necrosis in ampullary carcinomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed 101 consecutive cases of ampullary carcinoma for tumor necrosis, types of necrosis, macroscopic and microscopic histopathological subtypes, lymphatic-vascular-perineural invasions, and other histopathological parameters. RESULTS Tumor necrosis was present in 19 (18.8%) cases and was identified as an independent poor prognostic indicator in multivariate survival analysis (p = 0.029). CONCLUSION The presence of necrosis in ampullary carcinomas is directly related to vascular and perineural invasion and is a poor prognostic indicator independent of tumor stage. Including the presence of necrosis in the pathology reports of ampullary carcinomas will facilitate risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadriye Ebru Akar
- Department of Pathology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Pelin Bagci
- Department of Pathology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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2
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Qi L, Liang JY, Li ZW, Xi SY, Lai YN, Gao F, Zhang XR, Wang DS, Hu MT, Cao Y, Xu LJ, Chan RC, Xing BC, Wang X, Li YH. Deep learning-derived spatial organization features on histology images predicts prognosis in colorectal liver metastasis patients after hepatectomy. iScience 2023; 26:107702. [PMID: 37701575 PMCID: PMC10494211 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Histopathological images of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) contain rich morphometric information that may predict patients' outcomes. However, to our knowledge, no study has reported any practical deep learning framework based on the histology images of CRLM, and their direct association with prognosis remains largely unknown. In this study, we developed a deep learning-based framework for fully automated tissue classification and quantification of clinically relevant spatial organization features (SOFs) in H&E-stained images of CRLM. The SOFs based risk-scoring system demonstrated a strong and robust prognostic value that is independent of the current clinical risk score (CRS) system in independent clinical cohorts. Our framework enables fully automated tissue classification of H&E images of CRLM, which could significantly reduce assessment subjectivity and the workload of pathologists. The risk-scoring system provides a time- and cost-efficient tool to assist clinical decision-making for patients with CRLM, which could potentially be implemented in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Qi
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie-ying Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-wu Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Shao-yan Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-ni Lai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian-rui Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - De-shen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-tao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-jian Xu
- Centre for Perceptual and Interactive Intelligence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ronald C.K. Chan
- Department of Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bao-cai Xing
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department I, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu-hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Kastinen M, Sirniö P, Elomaa H, Ahtiainen M, Väyrynen SA, Herzig KH, Meriläinen S, Aro R, Häivälä R, Rautio T, Saarnio J, Wirta EV, Helminen O, Seppälä TT, Kuopio T, Böhm J, Tuomisto A, Mecklin JP, Mäkinen MJ, Väyrynen JP. Immunological and prognostic significance of tumour necrosis in colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:2218-2226. [PMID: 37031328 PMCID: PMC10241859 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02258-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) causes the second most cancer deaths worldwide, but the disease course varies according to tumour characteristics and immunological factors. Our objective was to examine the associations of tumour necrosis with tumour characteristics, immune cell infiltrates, serum cytokine concentrations, as well as prognosis in CRC. METHODS Three independent CRC cohorts, including 1413 patients, were analysed. Associations of the areal percentage of tumour necrosis with clinicopathologic parameters, tumour infiltrating immune cells, cytokine concentrations in systemic and mesenteric vein blood, and survival were examined. RESULTS Higher tumour necrosis percentage associated with shorter colorectal cancer-specific survival independent of tumour grade, T, N or M-class, mismatch repair status, BRAF status, and other possible confounding factors. In the largest cohort (N = 1100), the HR for high tumour necrosis percentage (≥40% vs. <3%) was 3.22 (95% CI 1.68-6.17, Ptrend < 0.0001). Tumour necrosis percentage positively correlated with peripheral serum levels of CXCL8, a proinflammatory chemokine, and negatively correlated with mesenteric serum levels of CXCL10 and mast cell densities in the invasive margin of the tumour. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the value of tumour necrosis as a prognostic factor in colorectal cancer. CXCL8 may have a role in the systemic effects of tumour necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meeri Kastinen
- Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Päivi Sirniö
- Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hanna Elomaa
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Department of Education and Research, Wellbeing services county of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Maarit Ahtiainen
- Department of Pathology, Wellbeing services county of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sara A Väyrynen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Sanna Meriläinen
- Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raila Aro
- Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Reetta Häivälä
- Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tero Rautio
- Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Saarnio
- Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Erkki-Ville Wirta
- Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Helminen
- Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Toni T Seppälä
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Applied Tumor Genomics, Research Program Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teijo Kuopio
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Department of Pathology, Wellbeing services county of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jan Böhm
- Department of Pathology, Wellbeing services county of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Anne Tuomisto
- Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jukka-Pekka Mecklin
- Department of Education and Research, Wellbeing services county of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Markus J Mäkinen
- Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha P Väyrynen
- Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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Ye H, Wang Y, Yao S, Liu Z, Liang C, Zhu Y, Cui Y, Zhao K. Necrosis score as a prognostic factor in stage I-III colorectal cancer: a retrospective multicenter study. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:61. [PMID: 37155090 PMCID: PMC10167085 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00655-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis results from failure to meet the requirement for rapid proliferation of tumor, related to unfavorable prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, previous studies used traditional microscopes to evaluate necrosis on slides, lacking a simultaneous phase and panoramic view for assessment. Therefore, we proposed a whole-slide images (WSIs)-based method to develop a necrosis score and validated its prognostic value in multicenter cohorts. METHODS Necrosis score was defined as the proportion of necrosis in the tumor area, semi-quantitatively classified into 3-level score groups by the cut-off of 10% and 30% on HE-stained WSIs. 768 patients from two centers were enrolled in this study, divided into a discovery (N = 445) and a validation (N = 323) cohort. The prognostic value of necrosis score was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier curves and the Cox model. RESULT Necrosis score was associated with overall survival, with hazard ratio for high vs. low in discovery and validation cohorts being 2.62 (95% confidence interval 1.59-4.32) and 2.51 (1.39-4.52), respectively. The 3-year disease free survival rates of necrosis-low, middle, and high were 83.6%, 80.2%, and 59.8% in discovery cohort, and 86.5%, 84.2%, and 66.5% in validation cohort. In necrosis middle plus high subgroup, there was a trend but no significant difference in overall survival between surgery alone and adjuvant chemotherapy group in stage II CRC (P = .075). CONCLUSION As a stable prognostic factor, high-level necrosis evaluated by the proposed method on WSIs was associated with unfavorable outcomes. Additionally, adjuvant chemotherapy provide survival benefits for patients with high necrosis in stage II CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifen Ye
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yiting Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 26 Yuan Cun 2 Cross Road, TianHe District, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Su Yao
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zaiyi Liu
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Changhong Liang
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yaxi Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 26 Yuan Cun 2 Cross Road, TianHe District, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
| | - Yanfen Cui
- Department of Radiology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No.3, Xinjie West Alley, Taiyuan, 030013, China.
| | - Ke Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
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Canadas-Sousa A, Santos M, Dias-Pereira P. Protective Effect of HER2 Gene Polymorphism rs24537331 in the Outcome of Canine Mammary Tumors. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081384. [PMID: 37106947 PMCID: PMC10135387 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of HER2 in canine mammary tumors is not completely elucidated, and the contradictory results published so far may be, in part, explained by the genetic variability recognized in the canine HER2 gene. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in HER2 were recently associated with less aggressive canine mammary tumor histotypes. This study assesses the relationship between SNPs rs24537329 and rs24537331 in canine HER2 gene and clinicopathological characteristics and outcome of mammary tumors in a group of 206 female dogs. Allelic variants were observed in 69.8% and 52.7% of the dogs for SNP rs24537329 and rs24537331, respectively. Our results demonstrated that SNP rs24537331 was associated with decreased tumoral necrosis (HR: 3.09; p = 0.012) and with longer disease-specific overall survival (HR: 2.59; p = 0.013). However, no statistically significant associations were found between SNP rs24537329 and the tumors' clinicopathological characteristics or survival. Our data suggest that SNP rs24537331 may have a protective effect in canine mammary tumors, allowing the identification of a subgroup of animals prone to develop less aggressive forms of the disease. This study emphasizes the importance of the genetic tests associated with clinical images and histological examinations when assessing CMT outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Canadas-Sousa
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, ICBAS-UP, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Santos
- Department of Microscopy, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, ICBAS-UP, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Dias-Pereira
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, ICBAS-UP, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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6
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Fenouil T, Lavrut PM, Rabeyrin M, Adham M, Mohkam K, Mabrut JY, Walter T, Hervieu V. Necrosis as a strong independent prognostic factor required in the implementation of pathological reporting for pancreatic adenocarcinoma resection specimens. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 244:154406. [PMID: 36905694 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a major public health issue with an incidence/mortality ratio reaching 98 %. Only 15-20 % of patients with PDAC can undergo surgery. Following PDAC surgical resection, 80 % of patients will experience local or metastatic recurrence of this disease. pTNM staging is the gold standard for risk stratification but is not sufficient to recapitulate the prognosis. Several prognostic factors are known to impact survival after surgery when uncovered during pathological examination. However, necrosis has been poorly studied in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. MATERIALS & METHODS We retrieved clinical data and reviewed all tumor slides from patients who had a pancreatic surgery between January 2004 and December 2017, in the Hospices Civils de Lyon, to assess the presence of histopathological prognosis factors associated with poor prognosis. RESULTS 514 patients with complete clinico-pathological description were included. Necrosis was found in 231 PDAC (44.9 %) and had an important impact on overall survival with a double risk of death when present in tumor samples (HR: 1.871, 95 % CI [1.523; 2.299], p < 0.001). When integrated in the multivariate model, necrosis is the only morphological aggressive feature to retain high statistical significance associated with the TNM staging but independently of it. This effect is independent of the preoperative treatment. CONCLUSIONS Despites improvement in treatment of PDAC, mortality rates remain relatively stable amongst the last years. There is a desperate need to better stratify patients. Here, we report the strong and prognostic impact of necrosis in surgical PDAC samples and encourage pathologists to report its presence in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanguy Fenouil
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude-Bernard Lyon 1 University, Institute of Pathology, Lyon, France,.
| | - Pierre Marie Lavrut
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude-Bernard Lyon 1 University, Institute of Pathology, Lyon, France
| | - Maud Rabeyrin
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude-Bernard Lyon 1 University, Institute of Pathology, Lyon, France
| | - Mustapha Adham
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude-Bernard Lyon 1 University, Department of Digestive Surgery, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Kayvan Mohkam
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Croix-Rousse University Hospital, Claude-Bernard Lyon 1 University, Department of General Surgery & Liver Transplantation, Lyon, France
| | - Jean Yves Mabrut
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Croix-Rousse University Hospital, Claude-Bernard Lyon 1 University, Department of General Surgery & Liver Transplantation, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Walter
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude-Bernard Lyon 1 University, Department of hepato-gastroenterology and digestive medical oncology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Valerie Hervieu
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude-Bernard Lyon 1 University, Institute of Pathology, Lyon, France
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Sadowska A, Sawicka D, Godlewska K, Guzińska-Ustymowicz K, Zapora E, Sokołowska E, Car H. Beneficial Proapoptotic Effect of Heterobasidion Annosum Extract in Colorectal Cancer Xenograft Mouse Model. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031352. [PMID: 36771018 PMCID: PMC9919637 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal extracts possess potential anticancer activity against many malignant neoplastic diseases. In this research, we focused on the evaluation of Heterobasidion annosum (HA) extract in colorectal cancer in an in vivo model. The mice with implanted DLD-1 human cancer cells were given HA extract, the referential drug-5-fluorouracil (5FU), or were treated with its combination. Thereafter, tumor volume was measured and apoptotic proteins such as caspase-8, caspase-3, p53, Bcl-2, and survivin were analyzed in mice serum with an ELISA assay. The Ki-67 protein was assessed in tumor cells by immunohistochemical examination. The biggest volumes of tumors were confirmed in the DLD-1 group, while the lowest were observed in the population treated with 5FU and/or HA extract. The assessment of apoptosis showed increased concentrations of caspase 8 and p53 protein after the combined administration of 5FU and HA extract. The levels of survivin and Bcl-2 were decreased in all tested groups compared to the DLD-1 group. Moreover, we observed a positive reaction for Ki-67 protein in all tested groups. Our findings confirm the apoptotic effect of extract given alone or with 5FU. The obtained results are innovative and provide a basis for further research concerning the antitumor activity of the HA extract, especially in the range of its interaction with an anticancer chemotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sadowska
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-748-5554
| | - Diana Sawicka
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Godlewska
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Haematology, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Zapora
- Department of Silviculture and Forest Use, Institute of Forest Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Emilia Sokołowska
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Halina Car
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
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Insights on Ferroptosis and Colorectal Cancer: Progress and Updates. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010243. [PMID: 36615434 PMCID: PMC9821926 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Patients with advanced-stage or treatment-resistant colorectal cancer (CRC) benefit less from traditional therapies; hence, new therapeutic strategies may help improve the treatment response and prognosis of these patients. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent type of regulated cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), distinct from other types of regulated cell death. CRC cells, especially those with drug-resistant properties, are characterized by high iron levels and ROS. This indicates that the induction of ferroptosis in these cells may become a new therapeutic approach for CRC, particularly for eradicating CRC resistant to traditional therapies. Recent studies have demonstrated the mechanisms and pathways that trigger or inhibit ferroptosis in CRC, and many regulatory molecules and pathways have been identified. Here, we review the current research progress on the mechanism of ferroptosis, new molecules that mediate ferroptosis, including coding and non-coding RNA; novel inducers and inhibitors of ferroptosis, which are mainly small-molecule compounds; and newly designed nanoparticles that increase the sensitivity of cells to ferroptosis. Finally, the gene signatures and clusters that have predictive value on CRC are summarized.
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Chromosome 12 Open Reading Frame 49 Promotes Tumor Growth and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 68:1306-1315. [PMID: 36348128 PMCID: PMC10102024 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07751-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Little is known about the role of chromosome 12 open reading frame 49 (C12ORF49)-induced metabolic signal transduction in tumor growth. We investigated the relationship between C12ORF49 expression and prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. METHODS C12ORF49 protein expression was measured in CRC tissues by Western blot and immunohistochemistry staining. Knock out of C12ORF49 in CRC cells was then performed, and the role of C12ORF49 in CRC cell proliferation and growth was examined. The expression of C12ORF49 in CRC was analyzed in Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) databases. A prognosis model with 11 C12ORF49-associated genes (CAGs) was generated by TCGA databases. RESULTS C12ORF49 expression was significantly higher in CRC tumor tissue than in non-tumor tissue. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo loss-of-function experiments, showed that C12ORF49 plays critical roles in promoting tumor cell growth. There was a significant correlation between C12ORF49 protein and the presence of tumor necrosis. C12ORF49 is critical for its interaction with SREBF1, TMEM41A, and S1PR3 in the poor prognosis of CRC. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that C12ORF49 plays a key role in CRC tumor growth.
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10
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Neutrophil infiltration combined with necrosis in the primary tumor is a useful prognostic indicator for three‑year disease‑free survival time in patients with colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:199. [PMID: 35572490 PMCID: PMC9100607 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Histopathological evaluation plays a key role in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Tumor-related local inflammation is regarded as a novel prognostic parameter. Neutrophils constitute one of the main types of inflammatory cells. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic value of intratumoral tumor-associated neutrophils (intraTANs), stromal TANs (stromaTANs) and necrosis, as well as their combined parametric value in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections from patients with CRC. For this purpose, a retrospective study of 160 patients with CRC who underwent surgery was conducted. The association of intraTANs, stromaTANs, necrosis and their combined parametric value with the clinicopathological features of patients with CRC was examined. The Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test were used to compare survival curves. To identify independent prognostic factors, uni- and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used. StromaTANs were associated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.049) and tumor deposits (P=0.041). In addition, necrosis was found to be associated with venous (P=0.003), lymphatic (P=0.007) and perineural (P=0.015) invasion, as well as with lymph node metastasis (P=0.033), the number of invaded lymph nodes (P=0.012), and lymph node pouch invasion (P=0.043). Furthermore, necrosis was found to be associated with the white blood cell count (P=0.030), neutrophil count (P=0.011), the combined neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR-PLR) (P=0.038), and the combined platelet and NLR (PLT-NLR status) (P=0.030), as well as with the serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels following surgery (P=0.011) and the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (P=0.023). The combined parametric value was found to be associated with pT stage (P=0.049), venous (P=0.034) and lymphatic (P=0.026) invasion, and with serum CEA levels prior to surgery (P=0.029). The analysis of the 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) time revealed that tumor growth [hazard ratio (HR), 2.070; 95% CI, 1.837-3.808; P=0.003] and the combined parametric value (intraTANs, stromaTANs and necrosis, HR, 1.577; 95% CI, 1.372-3.032; P=0.028) were independent factors for patients with CRC. Taken together, the findings of the present study demonstrated that the combined value of neutrophils and necrosis examined in the cancerous tissue may be used as a prognostic factor for the 3-year DFS time in patients with CRC.
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11
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New Circulating Circular RNAs with Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential in Advanced Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413283. [PMID: 34948079 PMCID: PMC8706615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a group of special endogenous long non-coding RNAs which are highly stable in the circulation, and, thus, more suitable as new biomarkers of colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of our study was to explore the plasma expression levels of four circRNAs: has_circ_0001445, hsa_circ_0003028, hsa_circ_0007915 and hsa_circ_0008717 in patients with CRC and to evaluate their associations with clinicopathological characteristics and the clinical outcome of the patients. CircRNAs were extracted from patients’ plasma obtained prior to chemotherapy. Their expression levels were measured by qPCR and calculated applying the 2−ΔΔCt method. The levels of all four circRNAs were significantly increased in the plasma of CRC patients. At the optimal cut-off values hsa_circ_0001445 and hsa_circ_0007915 in plasma could significantly distinguish between patients with or without metastatic CRC with 92.56% sensitivity and 42.86% specificity, and with 86.07% sensitivity and 57.14% specificity, respectively. The mean overall survival (OS) of patients with high/intermediate expression of hsa_circ_0001445 was 30 months, significantly higher in comparison with the mean OS of the patients with low expression—20 months (log-rank test, p = 0.034). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, the low levels of hsa_circ_0001445 were also associated with shorter survival (HR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.02–2.47, p = 0.040). A prognostic significance of hsa_circ_0001445 for patients with metastatic CRC was established.
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12
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Hounsell C, Fan Y. The Duality of Caspases in Cancer, as Told through the Fly. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8927. [PMID: 34445633 PMCID: PMC8396359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspases, a family of cysteine-aspartic proteases, have an established role as critical components in the activation and initiation of apoptosis. Alongside this a variety of non-apoptotic caspase functions in proliferation, differentiation, cellular plasticity and cell migration have been reported. The activity level and context are important factors in determining caspase function. As a consequence of their critical role in apoptosis and beyond, caspases are uniquely situated to have pathological roles, including in cancer. Altered caspase function is a common trait in a variety of cancers, with apoptotic evasion defined as a "hallmark of cancer". However, the role that caspases play in cancer is much more complex, acting both to prevent and to promote tumourigenesis. This review focuses on the major findings in Drosophila on the dual role of caspases in tumourigenesis. This has major implications for cancer treatments, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, with the activation of apoptosis being the end goal. However, such treatments may inadvertently have adverse effects on promoting tumour progression and acerbating the cancer. A comprehensive understanding of the dual role of caspases will aid in the development of successful cancer therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yun Fan
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
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13
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Han X, Taratula O, St Lorenz A, Moses AS, Albarqi HA, Jahangiri Y, Wu Q, Xu K, Taratula O, Farsad K. A novel multimodal nanoplatform for targeting tumor necrosis. RSC Adv 2021; 11:29486-29497. [PMID: 35479549 PMCID: PMC9040648 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05658a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Peri-necrotic tumor regions have been found to be a source of cancer stem cells (CSC), important in tumor recurrence. Necrotic and peri-necrotic tumor zones have poor vascular supply, limiting effective exposure to systemically administered therapeutics. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop agents that can effectively target these relatively protected tumor areas. We have developed a multi-property nanoplatform with necrosis avidity, fluorescence imaging and X-ray tracking capabilities to evaluate its feasibility for therapeutic drug delivery. The developed nanoparticle consists of three elements: poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) as the biodegradable carrier; hypericin as a natural compound with fluorescence and necrosis avidity; and gold nanoparticles for X-ray tracking. This reproducible nanoparticle has a hydrodynamic size of 103.9 ± 1.7 nm with a uniform spherical morphology (polydispersity index = 0.12). The nanoparticle shows safety with systemic administration and a stable 30 day profile. Intravenous nanoparticle injection into a subcutaneous tumor-bearing mouse and intra-arterial nanoparticle injection into rabbits bearing VX2 orthotopic liver tumors resulted in fluorescence and X-ray attenuation within the tumors. In addition, ex vivo and histological analysis confirmed the accumulation of hypericin and gold in areas of necrosis and peri-necrosis. This nanoplatform, therefore, has the potential to enhance putative therapeutic drug delivery to necrotic and peri-necrotic areas, and may also have an application for monitoring early response to anti-tumor therapies. Au-Hyp-NP developed by encapsulation of gold and hypericin into PEG-PCL nanoplatform for fluorescence and X-ray tracking with tumor necrosis targeting.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Han
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, P. R. China
| | - Oleh Taratula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
| | - Anna St Lorenz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
| | - Abraham S. Moses
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
| | - Hassan A. Albarqi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
| | - Younes Jahangiri
- Dotter Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3011, USA
| | - Qirun Wu
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, P. R. China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, P. R. China
| | - Olena Taratula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
| | - Khashayar Farsad
- Dotter Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3011, USA
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14
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Han X, Taratula O, Taratula O, Xu K, St Lorenz A, Moses A, Jahangiri Y, Yu G, Farsad K. Biodegradable Hypericin-Containing Nanoparticles for Necrosis Targeting and Fluorescence Imaging. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:1538-1545. [PMID: 32212709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Necrosis targeting and imaging has significant implications for evaluating tumor growth, therapeutic response, and delivery of therapeutics to perinecrotic tumor zones. Hypericin is a hydrophobic molecule with high necrosis affinity and fluorescence imaging properties. To date, the safe and effective delivery of hypericin to areas of necrosis in vivo remains a challenge because of its incompatible biophysical properties. To address this issue, we have developed a biodegradable nanoparticle (Hyp-NP) for delivery of hypericin to tumors for necrosis targeting and fluorescence imaging. The nanoparticle was developed using methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) and hypericin by a modified solvent evaporation technique. The size of Hyp-NP was 19.0 ± 1.8 nm from cryo-TEM and 37.3 ± 0.7 nm from dynamic light-scattering analysis with a polydispersity index of 0.15 ± 0.01. The encapsulation efficiency of hypericin was 95.05% w/w by UV-vis absorption. After storage for 30 days, 91.4% hypericin was retained in Hyp-NP with nearly no change in hydrodynamic size, representing nanoparticle stability. In an ovarian cancer cell line, Hyp-NP demonstrated cellular internalization with intracellular cytoplasmic localization and preserved fluorescence and necrosis affinity. In a mouse subcutaneous tumor model, tumor accumulation was noted at 8 h postinjection, with near-complete clearance at 96 h postinjection. Hyp-NP was shown to be tightly localized within necrotic tumor zones. Histological analysis of harvested organs demonstrated no gross abnormalities, and in vitro, no hemolysis was observed. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the potential clinical applications of Hyp-NP for necrosis targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Han
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001 P. R. China
| | - Olena Taratula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Oleh Taratula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001 P. R. China
| | - Anna St Lorenz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Abraham Moses
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Younes Jahangiri
- Dotter Interventional Institute, Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3011, United States
| | - Guibo Yu
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001 P. R. China
| | - Khashayar Farsad
- Dotter Interventional Institute, Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3011, United States
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15
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Skarkova V, Kralova V, Vitovcova B, Rudolf E. Selected Aspects of Chemoresistance Mechanisms in Colorectal Carcinoma-A Focus on Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition, Autophagy, and Apoptosis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8030234. [PMID: 30871055 PMCID: PMC6468859 DOI: 10.3390/cells8030234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance has been found in all malignant tumors including colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Nowadays chemoresistance is understood as a major reason for therapy failure, with consequent tumor growth and spreading leading ultimately to the patient's premature death. The chemotherapy-related resistance of malignant colonocytes may be manifested in diverse mechanisms that may exist both prior to the onset of the therapy or after it. The ultimate function of this chemoresistance is to ensure the survival of malignant cells through continuing adaptation within an organism, therefore, the nature and spectrum of cell-survival strategies in CRC represent a highly significant target of scientific inquiry. Among these survival strategies employed by CRC cells, three unique but significantly linked phenomena stand out-epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), autophagy, and cell death. In this mini-review, current knowledge concerning all three mechanisms including their emergence, timeline, regulation, and mutual relationships will be presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Skarkova
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Zborovská 2089, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Vera Kralova
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Zborovská 2089, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbora Vitovcova
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Zborovská 2089, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Emil Rudolf
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Zborovská 2089, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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16
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Scott DA, Norris-Caneda K, Spruill L, Bruner E, Kono Y, Angel PM, Mehta AS, Drake RR. Specific N-Linked Glycosylation Patterns in Areas of Necrosis in Tumor Tissues. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 437:69-76. [PMID: 31031563 PMCID: PMC6483403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijms.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tissue necrosis is a form of cell death common in advanced and aggressive solid tumors, and is associated with areas of intratumoral chronic ischemia. The histopathology of necrotic regions appear as a scaffold of cellular membrane remnants, reflective of the hypoxia and cell degradation events associated with this cellular death pathway. Changes in the glycosylation of cell surface proteins is another common feature of cancer progression. Using a recently developed mass spectrometry imaging approach to evaluate N-linked glycan distributions in human formalin-fixed clinical cancer tissues, differences in the glycan structures of regions of tumor, stroma and necrosis were evaluated. While the structural glycan classes detected in the tumor and stromal regions are typically classified as high mannose or branched glycans, the glycans found in necrotic regions displayed limited branching, contained sialic acid modifications and lack fucose modifications. While this phenomenon was initially classified in breast cancer tissues, it has been also seen in cervical, thyroid and liver cancer samples. These changes in glycosylation within the necrotic regions could provide further mechanistic insight to necrotic changes in cancer tissue and provide new research directions for identifying prognostic markers of necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle A Scott
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and MUSC Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Kim Norris-Caneda
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and MUSC Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Laura Spruill
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and MUSC Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Evelyn Bruner
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and MUSC Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Yuko Kono
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and MUSC Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Peggi M Angel
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and MUSC Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Anand S Mehta
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and MUSC Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Richard R Drake
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and MUSC Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
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17
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Jin Q, Jiang C, Gao M, Zhang D, Yao N, Feng Y, Wu T, Zhang J. Target exploration of rhein as a small-molecule necrosis avid agent by post-treatment click modification. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj06006a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Post-labeling of compound 3 indicated that binding to exposed DNA may be an important mechanism of targeting of rhein compounds to necrotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaomei Jin
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210028
- China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine
| | - Cuihua Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210028
- China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine
| | - Meng Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210028
- China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine
| | - Dongjian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210028
- China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine
| | - Nan Yao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210028
- China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine
| | - Yuanbo Feng
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210028
- China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine
| | - Tianze Wu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210028
- China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine
| | - Jian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210028
- China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine
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18
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Luo S, Li Z, Mao L, Chen S, Sun S. Sodium butyrate induces autophagy in colorectal cancer cells through LKB1/AMPK signaling. J Physiol Biochem 2018; 75:53-63. [PMID: 30362049 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-018-0651-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Butyrate is produced by the fermentation of undigested dietary fibers and acts as the promising candidate for cancer treatment. However, the mechanism underlying sodium butyrate (NaB)-induced autophagy in colorectal cancer is not yet completely understood. The expressions of LC3-II protein and mRNA were detected by western blot and quantitative RT-PCR in colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines HCT-116 and HT-29, respectively. Autolysosome formation was observed by transmission electron microscope. AMPK and LKB1 were inhibited by chemical inhibitor or siRNAs and confirmed by western blot. NaB elevated the protein and mRNA expressions of LC3 in a dose-dependent manner. NaB treatment increased the formation of autolysosome and expression of phosphorylated liver kinase B1 (LKB1), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). Treatment with compound C (an inhibitor of AMPK) and siRNA-mediated knockdown of AMPK and LKB1 significantly attenuated NaB-induced autophagy in CRC cells. Collectively, these findings indicated that LKB1 and AMPK are critical for NaB-mediated autophagy and may act as the novel targets for colorectal cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1023 South Sha-Tai Rd, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.,School of Laboratory Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, 418000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyin Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1023 South Sha-Tai Rd, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianzhi Mao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1023 South Sha-Tai Rd, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqiang Chen
- Guangzhou Customs District, No.66, Huacheng Avenue, Zhujiang Xincheng, Guangzhou, 510623, People's Republic of China
| | - Suxia Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1023 South Sha-Tai Rd, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Abstract
When apoptotic cells are not cleared in an efficient and timely manner, they progress to secondary necrosis and lose their membrane integrity. This results in a leakage of immunostimulatory, danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), similar to accidental (or primary) necrosis. However, primary necrosis is a sudden event with an inadvertent release of almost unmodified DAMPs. Secondary necrotic cells, in contrast, have gone through various modifications during the process of apoptosis. Recent research revealed that the molecules released from the cytoplasm or exposed on the cell surface differ between primary necrosis, secondary necrosis, and regulated necrosis such as necroptosis. This review gives an overview of these differences and focusses their effects on the immune response. The implications to human physiology and diseases are manifold and will be discussed in the context of cancer, neurodegenerative disorders and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sachet
- Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ying Yu Liang
- Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rudolf Oehler
- Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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20
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Qian HR, Shi ZQ, Zhu HP, Gu LH, Wang XF, Yang Y. Interplay between apoptosis and autophagy in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:62759-62768. [PMID: 28977986 PMCID: PMC5617546 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis are two pivotal mechanisms in mediating cell survival and death. Cross-talk of autophagy and apoptosis has been documented in the tumorigenesis and progression of cancer, while the interplay between the two pathways in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not yet been comprehensively summarized. In this study, we outlined the basis of apoptosis and autophagy machinery firstly, and then reviewed the recent evidence in cellular settings or animal studies regarding the interplay between them in CRC. In addition, several key factors that modulate the cross-talk between autophagy and apoptosis as well as its significance in clinical practice were discussed. Understanding of the interplay between the cell death mechanisms may benefit the translation of CRC treatment from basic research to clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ran Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Minimally Invasive, Surgery of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhao-Qi Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Minimally Invasive, Surgery of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - He-Pan Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Minimally Invasive, Surgery of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Li-Hu Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Minimally Invasive, Surgery of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xian-Fa Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Minimally Invasive, Surgery of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hangzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, Zhejiang, PR China
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