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Development and Evaluation of Modified Cryopreservation for Long-Term Storage of Blastocystis Subtypes 1-3 and 6. Acta Parasitol 2020; 65:535-540. [PMID: 31919797 DOI: 10.2478/s11686-019-00157-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blastocystis is a protozoan parasite living in the intestine of humans and a wide range of animals. Although Blastocystis grows in several cultivation media, axenification and serial cultivations for long time are the main challenges of the researchers. Therefore, the long-term storage of subtypes/strains of Blastocystis using cryopreservation provides a suitable source of this parasite for the physiological, biochemical, and biological studies. METHODS In the current study, seven xenic isolates including two separated isolates from ST1-3 and one isolate from ST6 were cryopreserved using a standard method with minor modifications. After 3 months, all isolates were recovered and cultivated in DMEM medium. RESULTS The findings of the method showed all seven isolates were successfully recovered in DMEM medium. In addition, all isolates remained viable after several sub-cultures. CONCLUSIONS It seems that cryopreservation is a simple method that can provide a suitable condition for the long-term storage of Blastocystis.
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El-Bahy MM, Khalifa MM, Méabed EM. Toxoplasma gondii: Prolonged in-vitro maintenance of virulent tachyzoites in fluid media at low temperatures. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajme.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. El-Bahy
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, El-Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. Khalifa
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, El-Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman M.H. Méabed
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt
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Toxoplasma gondii: One Organism, Multiple Models. Trends Parasitol 2016; 33:113-127. [PMID: 27988095 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an intensely studied protozoan parasite. It is also used as a model organism to research additional clinically relevant human and veterinary parasites due to ease of in vitro culture and genetic manipulation. Recently, it has been developed as a model of inflammatory bowel disease, due to their similar pathologies. However, researchers vary widely in how they use T. gondii, which makes study comparisons and interpretation difficult. The aim of this review is to provide researchers with a tool to: (i) determine the appropriateness of the different T. gondii models to their research, (ii) interpret results from the wide range of study conditions, and (iii) consider new advances in technology which could improve or refine their experimental setup.
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Mzabi A, Escotte-Binet S, Le Naour R, Ortis N, Audonnet S, Dardé ML, Aubert D, Villena I. Optimization of the cryopreservation of biological resources, Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites, using flow cytometry. Cryobiology 2015; 71:459-63. [PMID: 26408852 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The conservation of Toxoplasma gondii strains isolated from humans and animals is essential for conducting studies on Toxoplasma. Conservation is the main function of the French Biological Toxoplasma Resource Centre (BRC Toxoplasma, France, http://www.toxocrb.com/). In this study, we have determined the suitability of a standard cryopreservation methodology for different Toxoplasma strains using the viability of tachyzoites assayed by flow cytometry with dual fluorescent labelling (calcein acetoxymethyl ester and propidium iodide) of tachyzoites. This method provides a comparative quantitative assessment of viability after thawing. The results helped to define and refine quality criteria before tachyzoite cryopreservation and optimization of the cryopreservation parameters. The optimized cryopreservation method uses a volume of 1.0 mL containing 8 × 10(6) tachyzoites, in Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Medium (IMDM) containing 10% foetal calf serum (FCS). The cryoprotectant additive is 10% v/v Me2SO without incubation. A cooling rate of ∼1 °C/min to -80 °C followed, after 48 h, by storage in liquid nitrogen. Thawing was performed using a 37 °C water bath that produced a warming rate of ∼100 °C/min, and samples were then diluted 1:5 in IMDM with 5% FCS, and centrifuged and resuspended for viability assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Mzabi
- EA 3800, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France; Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology, National Reference Centre for Toxoplasmosis, Biological Resource Centre Toxoplasma, Maison Blanche Hospital, Reims, France.
| | - Sandie Escotte-Binet
- EA 3800, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France; Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology, National Reference Centre for Toxoplasmosis, Biological Resource Centre Toxoplasma, Maison Blanche Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Richard Le Naour
- EA 4683, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France; Flow Cytometry Platform URCACyt, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Naïma Ortis
- Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology, National Reference Centre for Toxoplasmosis, Biological Resource Centre Toxoplasma, Maison Blanche Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Sandra Audonnet
- Flow Cytometry Platform URCACyt, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Marie-Laure Dardé
- INSERM, University of Limoges, CHU Limoges, Parasitology Department, UMR-S 1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, Limoges, France; National Reference Centre for Toxoplasmosis, Biological Resource Centre Toxoplasma, Limoges University Hospital, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Dominique Aubert
- EA 3800, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France; Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology, National Reference Centre for Toxoplasmosis, Biological Resource Centre Toxoplasma, Maison Blanche Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Isabelle Villena
- EA 3800, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France; Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology, National Reference Centre for Toxoplasmosis, Biological Resource Centre Toxoplasma, Maison Blanche Hospital, Reims, France
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