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McAllister CT, Cloutman DG, Leis EM, Camus AC, Woiak Z, Robison HW. A NEW SPECIES OF THELOHANELLUS (CNIDARIA: MYXOSPOREA: MYXOBOLIDAE) FROM THE GILL OF QUILLBACK, CARPIODES CYPRINUS (CYPRINIFORMES: CATOSTOMIDAE), FROM THE ARKANSAS RIVER DRAINAGE OF OKLAHOMA. J Parasitol 2024; 110:40-48. [PMID: 38344775 DOI: 10.1645/23-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
During May 2022 and again in March 2023, 5 quillbacks, Carpiodes cyprinus, were collected from the Verdigris River, Wagoner County, Oklahoma (n = 1), and the Black River, Lawrence County, Arkansas (n = 4), and their gill, gallbladder, fins, integument, musculature, and other major organs were macroscopically examined for myxozoans. Gill lamellae from the single quillback from the Verdigris River was infected with a new myxozoan, Thelohanellus oklahomaensis n. sp. Qualitative and quantitative morphological data were obtained from fresh and formalin-fixed preserved myxospores, and molecular data consisted of a 1,767 base pair sequence of the partial small subunit (SSU) ribosomal RNA gene. Phylogenetic analysis grouped T. oklahomaensis n. sp. with myxozoans known to infect North American catostomids and Eurasian cyprinids. Histological examination localized plasmodia to an intralamellar developmental site and revealed a possible vestige of a second polar capsule. Although plasmodia markedly expanded lamellae, there were no associated epithelial or inflammatory changes. Thelohanellus oklahomaensis n. sp. is the only member of the genus known to infect the gills of C. cyprinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris T McAllister
- Division of Natural Sciences, Northeast Texas Community College, 2886 FM 1735, Chapel Hill Road, Mt. Pleasant, Texas 75455
| | | | - Eric M Leis
- La Crosse Fish Health Center-Midwest Fisheries Center, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Onalaska, Wisconsin 54650
| | - Alvin C Camus
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30677
| | - Zebadiah Woiak
- Whitney Genetics Laboratory-Midwest Fisheries Center, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Onalaska, Wisconsin 54650
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Banu H, Rathinam RB. Myxozoan fish diseases: possible treatment and zoonoses. J Parasit Dis 2023; 47:215-223. [PMID: 37193499 PMCID: PMC10182238 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-023-01568-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Myxozoan parasites pose huge threat to wild and cultured fishes and reported to cause heavy mortality, retarded growth and post-harvest quality degradation. It is one of the highly divergent groups of parasites which infects skin, gill, muscle, cartilage and internal organs of host fish and the severity of pathology varies depending on the water temperature, species of fish, site of tissue infection and immune resistance of the individual host. Most infections are difficult to treat, as they can easily evade host cellular and humoral defence mechanisms by proliferating or migrating through immune compromised sites of the host and forming large plasmodia encapsulated by the host cellular elements. This spore-forming parasite is harmless to humans but often detected in faecal samples of immunosuppressed humans. The incidences are mostly associated with the consumption of infected fish having a high concentration of spores which causes diarrhea and stomach pain. Currently, there are no immunostimulants or vaccines available for controlling these parasites, however, fumagillin is the drug of choice in fish for controlling this parasitic infection. Excessive usage of fumagillin causes tissue damage and retarded growth in fish, hence feed incorporation of this antibiotic in proper dose is essential for effective treatment. In this review detailed information on the diseases caused by myxozoan parasites in fishes and their zoonotic potential is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husne Banu
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, 700091 India
- Present Address: Department of Fish Health Management, ICAR-CIFA, Bhubaneswar, India
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Immunomolecular response of CD4+, CD8+, TNF-α and IFN-γ in Myxobolus-infected koi (Cyprinus carpio) treated with probiotics. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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4
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Zhang X, Liu Y, Whipps CM, Guo Q, Gu Z. Multiple evolutionary routes of the single polar capsule in Thelohanellus species (Myxozoa; Myxobolidae). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-PARASITES AND WILDLIFE 2018; 8:56-62. [PMID: 30622892 PMCID: PMC6319017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thelohanellus Kudo, 1933 is a species rich genus of Myxosporea, sharing many morphological similarities with species of Myxobolus but the former possesses a single polar capsule, and the latter has two. Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses, this single distinguishing feature is not monophyletic, and members of Thelohanellus are intermixed with Myxobolus species, calling into question the validity of genus Thelohanellus. The occurrence of two polar capsules in a small proportion of Thelohanellus spores as observed in this study suggests that these species have the capacity to express this Myxobolus-like trait, clouding the distinction of these two genera further. Herein, using the most comprehensive data set to date, we explored the phylogenetic relationships of Thelohanellus to other myxobolids, to investigate the evolutionary history of the genus Thelohanellus and the origins of single polar capsule in this group. The phylogenetic analyses and statistical tests of topology revealed Thelohanellus as a strongly supported polyphyletic lineage, clustering in five distinct branches within Myxobolus clade. Ancestral state reconstruction for polar capsule number showed that Thelohanellus species have evolved from myxosporean species with two polar capsules at least four times, which could be classified in three possible evolutionary pathways. The polyphyly of Thelohanellus and the multiple evolutionary origins of single polar capsule of Thelohanellus demonstrate that the distinction of this genus from Myxobolus is largely for convenience, and does not reflect their evolutionary history. Atypical Thelohanellus spores with two polar capsules were firstly observed. Most myxobolid genera involved including Thelohanellus were poly- or paraphyletic. Thelohanellus species have evolved at least four times which could be classified in three different evolutionary pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuping Zhang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Christopher M Whipps
- SUNY-ESF, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Environmental and Forest Biology, 246 Illick Hall, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Qingxiang Guo
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zemao Gu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Zhang B, Zhai Y, Gu Z, Liu Y. Morphological, histological and molecular characterization of Myxobolus kingchowensis and Thelohanellus cf. sinensis infecting gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch, 1782). Acta Parasitol 2018; 63:221-231. [PMID: 29654671 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2018-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A Myxobolus species and a Thelohanellus species infecting Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch, 1782) were redescribed by their morphological, histological and molecular characterization. In the present study, the Myxobolus species infecting the muscle was identified as Myxobolus kingchowensis Chen et Ma, 1998 by the morphological and molecular data. Histologically, mature spores of M. kingchowensis were observed in the intercellular and connective tissue of muscle, though the plasmodia were not found. In addition, scattered spores also occurred in the intercellular of haematopoietic cells, intraepithelial of the renal tubules and interior of the melano-macrophage centres. Phylogenetic analysis showed that M. kingchowensis clustered in the clade of muscle-infecting Myxobolus species, further supporting muscle as the infection site of M. kingchowensis. The present Thelohanellus species infecting the gills was identified conspecific as Thelohanellus sinensis reported in Sun (2006) (mark it as T. sinensis-Sun)based on spore morphology, biological traits (host specificity and organ specificity), and molecular data. However, compared with the original description of T. sinensis Chen et Hsieh, 1960, the present Thelohanellus species and T. sinensis-Sun both infecting the gills of gibel carp are distinguishable from the original description in the host and infection site, which made the validity of T. sinensis-Sun dubious. Due to the absence of molecular data in the original description of T. sinensis, we suggest marking the present species and T. sinensis-Sun as T. cf. sinensis to avoid the confusion until T. sinensis is obtained from the type host and type infection site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Zhai
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zemao Gu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
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Thelohanellus gabori sp. nov. (Myxosporea: Myxozoa) infecting gill filaments of a Cyprinid fish Crossocheilus latius (Hamilton, 1822) inhabiting a cold water wetland in Punjab (India). Parasitol Res 2018; 117:2715-2723. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-5960-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Involvement of aurantiactinomyxon in the life cycle of Thelohanellus testudineus (Cnidaria: Myxosporea) from allogynogenetic gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio, with morphological, ultrastructural, and molecular analysis. Parasitol Res 2017; 116:2449-2456. [PMID: 28707028 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5547-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
During the investigation of actinosporean fauna diversity from commercial fish ponds in Hubei Province, China, a novel aurantiactinomyxon type was found from Branchiura sowerbyi. Spore body of the aurantiactinomyxon was ellipsoidal in side view and triangular in apical view, 15.5 ± 0.5 (14.5-16.4) μm in diameter; three leaf-like caudal processes were approximately equal, measuring 13.2 ± 0.9 (11.5-16.2) μm long and 7.4 ± 0.4 (6.7-8.0) μm wide at the base; three polar capsules were located at the apex of spore body, globular in apical view, 2.2 ± 0.1 (2.0-2.3) μm in diameter, and pyriform in side view, 2.5 ± 0.2 (2.3-2.9) μm in length and 2.0 ± 0.2 (1.8-2.4) μm in width; a total of 32 germ cells were observed within the sporoplasm. Ultrastructural analysis showed that the development was asynchronous between pansporocysts but synchronous within a pansporocyst. The formation of sporoblast and the development of sporogonic stage were also described and discussed. The 18S ribosomal DNA sequences of the current aurantiactinomyxon type corresponded to that of a previously reported Thelohanellus testudineus, suggesting that the newly identified aurantiactinomyxon type is the actinosporean stage in the life cycle of T. testudineus.
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Li D, Zhai Y, Gu Z, Liu Y. Development of a multiplex PCR method for the simultaneous detection of four myxosporeans infecting gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2017; 124:31-39. [PMID: 28357984 DOI: 10.3354/dao03100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch), a commercially important freshwater-cultured fish in China, is threatened by myxosporeans, particularly Thelohanellus wuhanensis, Myxobolus honghuensis, M. wulii and M. turpisrotundus. Here, we developed a multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of these 4 myxosporeans. The specific primers for each species were designed based on the 28S rDNA gene of T. wuhanensis, the ITS-5.8S rDNA of M. honghuensis and M. wulii, and the 18S rDNA gene of M. turpisrotundus. Specificity testing confirmed that the 4 primer sets have no cross-reactivity with other related myxosporean species tested. Detection limits of the multiplex PCR assay were 0.2, 0.3, 3.1 and 3.8 spores for T. wuhanensis, M. honghuensis, M. wulii and M. turpisrotundus, respectively. Following screening of 104 field samples, the analytical sensitivity of the present multiplex PCR assay was found to be similar to the sensitivity obtained by the singleplex PCR assays and was higher than that of microscopic examination. Moreover, Kappa analysis showed a strong agreement between the results of the singleplex and multiplex PCR assays, indicating that the developed multiplex PCR assay was an efficient approach for the diagnosis of the 4 myxosporeans infecting gibel carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
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Guo Q, Zhai Y, Gu Z, Liu Y. Histopathological and ultrastructural studies of Myxobolus turpisrotundus from allogynogenetic gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio in China. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2016; 63. [PMID: 27827339 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2016.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
During an ongoing systematic survey on species diversity of myxozoans parasitising allogynogenetic gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) in China, plasmodia were detected in the fins, lip, jaw, gill chamber, gill arches, operculum and oral cavity of infected fish. Combining the morphological and molecular data, the present species was identified as Myxobolus turpisrotundus Zhang, Wang, Li et Gong, 2010. Histopathological examination revealed that despite infecting different organs, M. turpisrotundus always occurred in dermis, demonstrating its affinity to this tissue. Histopathological effect of M. turpisrotundus on the host is relatively mild except parasites in the gill arches producing compression of the adipose tissue and heavy adductor muscles deformation with lymphohistiocytic infiltrates. In addition, the plasmodia in different sites were with the same complex structure arrangement: cup-like cells with unknown derivation, a thin collagenous fibril layer, areolar connective tissue, basement membrane and host epithelial cell. Ultrastructural analysis showed that the parasite has monosporic pansporoblast and sporogenesis followed the usual pattern of most of the myxosporeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiang Guo
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanhua Zhai
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China.,Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Zemao Gu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China.,Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China.,Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
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10
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Zhao D, Borkhanuddin MH, Wang W, Liu Y, Cech G, Zhai Y, Székely C. The life cycle of Thelohanellus kitauei (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) infecting common carp (Cyprinus carpio) involves aurantiactinomyxon in Branchiura sowerbyi. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:4317-4325. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5215-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Liu XH, Yuan S, Zhao YL, Fang P, Chen H, Zhang JY. Morphological and molecular characterization of Myxobolus sheyangensis n. sp. (Myxosporea: Myxobolidae) with intralamellar sporulation in allogynogenetic gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) in China. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:3567-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5122-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Al-Jufaili SH, Freeman MA, Machkevskyi VK, Al-Nabhani A, Palm HW. Morphological, ultrastructural, and molecular description of Unicapsula fatimae n. sp. (Myxosporea: Trilosporidae) of whitespotted rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus) in Omani waters. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:1173-84. [PMID: 26693719 PMCID: PMC4759220 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4851-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Investigations regarding the parasite fauna of wild whitespotted rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus) Park, 1797 revealed white, spherical, loosely attached cysts measuring 896 (375-1406) μm in diameter in the inner endothelial wall of the esophagus and stomach. Mature spores inside these cysts corresponded to the original description of spores belonging to the genus Unicapsula Davis, 1924. Unicapsula fatimae n. sp. spores were 6.23 (5.60-6.60) μm in length and 6.80 (6.12-7.39) μm in width. The length of large polar capsule was 2.62 (2.18-2.97) μm and width was 2.65 (2.32-2.90) μm, and the extended large polar capsule filament length was 15.50 (11.71-19.99) μm. Transmission electron microscope images of the plasmodia revealed a complex cyst structure that was unique among other Unicapsula spp. Ultrastructural details of the host-parasite interface and developmental stages of a species from the Unicapsula genus are described for the first time. Histology of an infected esophagus revealed some abnormalities and changes in the host tissue around the infection site, including hypertrophy of host esophagus epithelial cells and hyperplasia of host glandular tubules. The parasite presented here has been added to the genus Unicapsula using comparative morphological analysis and ultrastructural investigations supported by 18S small subunit ribosomal DNA molecular analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah H Al-Jufaili
- Aquaculture and Sea-Ranching, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 2, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
- Laboratory of microbiology analysis, Fishery quality control center, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Wealth, Al Bustan, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Mark A Freeman
- Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, St. Kitts, West Indies, the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Volodymyr K Machkevskyi
- Laboratory of microbiology analysis, Fishery quality control center, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Wealth, Al Bustan, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Nabhani
- Department of Electron Microscopy, College of medicine, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoudh, Oman
| | - Harry W Palm
- Aquaculture and Sea-Ranching, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 2, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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Zhai Y, Gu Z, Guo Q, Wu Z, Wang H, Liu Y. New type of pathogenicity of Thelohanellus kitauei Egusa & Nakajima, 1981 infecting the skin of common carp Cyprinus carpio L. Parasitol Int 2016; 65:78-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Xi BW, Zhou ZG, Xie J, Pan LK, Yang YL, Ge XP. Morphological and molecular characterization of actinosporeans infecting oligochaete Branchiura sowerbyi from Chinese carp ponds. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2015; 114:217-228. [PMID: 26036829 DOI: 10.3354/dao02859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We surveyed the actinosporean stages of fish myxosporeans at fish farms in Jiangsu Province, China, from 2011 to 2014. During the surveys, we identified 7 actinosporean types from 4 collective groups: echinactinomyxon (1 type), triactinomyxon (1 type), aurantiactinomyxon (1 type), and neoactinomyxum (4 types), released by the oligochaete Branchiura sowerbyi. The morphological characteristics and DNA sequences of these types are described here. Based on 18S rDNA sequence analysis, the actinosporean of echinactinomyxon type CZ with 4 branches at the end of the caudal processes was identified as Myxobolus wulii, and the neoactinomyxum type JD was identified as Thelohanellus wangi Yuan, Xi, Wang, Xie, Zhang, 2015 (JX458816), a recently nominated species from the gills of allogynogenetic gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio. In addition, actinosporeans of aurantiactinomyxon type JD, neoactinomyxum type CZ-1, neoactinomyxum type CZ-2, and neoactinomyxum type CZ-3 showed high genetic similarity to T. wuhanensis (96.3-96.5%), T. nikolskii (98.0-99.1%), T. wuhanensis (97.8-98.9%), and T. hovorkai (98.7-98.9%), respectively. Phylogenetic analyses showed that these actinosporeans were robustly clustered in the Thelohanellus spp. clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Wen Xi
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081 Wuxi, PR China
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Li YC, Zhang Y, Siriguleng, Sato H. Henneguya doneci (Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) in the gill filaments of Prussian carp Carassius gibelio (Bloch) from the upper Yellow River running through Inner Mongolia, China. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 77:1001-5. [PMID: 25843612 PMCID: PMC4565802 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined 11 Prussian carp, Carassius gibelio (Bloch), from the upper Yellow River running through Inner Mongolia (Wuhai City) to record myxosporean species. Between 6 and 15 elongated cysts of Henneguya doneci were located at the basal part of the gill filaments of 3 carp (27.3%); no more myxosporean plasmodia were found in other organs. Although the morphology and morphometric values of the spores (average measurements of 14 spores in µm: 11.4 long by 9.2 wide with 7.5 in thickness; 2 polar capsules, equal, 5.5 long by 3.2 wide; and a bifurcated caudal process, 51.6 long) with an evident intercapsular appendix were basically coincident with the species, the dimensions of the spore bodies were marginally larger, and the length of the caudal processes was distinctly longer than previously reported values for H. doneci (44.2-59.2 µm vs. 26.8-42.6 µm, respectively). Genetic analysis of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) found few nucleotide substitutions when compared with 3 deposited sequences of H. doneci collected around the Yangtze River (Sichuan and Hubei Provinces), China, indicating that the uniqueness of some of the morphological features exhibited by the present Wuhai isolate should be ascribed to intraspecific variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chun Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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