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Serrano TD, Vieira DHMD, Pelegrini LS, Fragoso LV, Agostinho BN, Vera M, Porto-Foresti F, Azevedo RKDE, Abdallah VD. Morphological and molecular characterization of Hysterothylacium spp. parasitizing Pomatomus saltatrix and Pagrus pagrus of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20211046. [PMID: 36790269 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320211046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Raphidascarid nematodes have been the focus of several studies, mainly due to the zoonotic potential of some species, even though the cases are underreported. Due to the difficulty in identifying their larvae, the use of diagnostic techniques involving morphological and molecular analyses has grown in the last 20 years. The present study had as objective the morphological and molecular characterization of the L3 larval types of Hysterothylacium collected in Pomatomus saltatrix and Pagrus pagrus from the Brazilian coast, close to the municipality of Santos, State of São Paulo. Twenty specimens of P. saltatrix were necropsied and Hysterothylacium type V (n = 257) and Hysterothylacium type X (n = 5) larvae were found. Five specimens of P. pagrus were necropsied and all were parasitized by Hysterothylacium type V larvae. The analyses showed a genetic proximity relationship between Hysterothylacium types V with other Hysterothylacium V and with H. deardorffoverstreetorum, although this is a species inquirenda. Haplotypes for Hysterothylacium type X found in the present study formed a monophyletic group with other Hysterothylacium X, H. amoyense, and H. zhoushanense. Through this study, new hosts and localities were registered for Hysterothylacium type V and Hysterothylacium type X.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaissa D Serrano
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, 18618-689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Diego H M D Vieira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, 18618-689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Larissa S Pelegrini
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Laboratório de Ictiologia e Ordenamento Pesqueiro do Vale do Rio Madeira, Rua 29 de Agosto, 786, 69800-000 Humaitá, AM, Brazil
| | - Lúcia V Fragoso
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, 18618-689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz N Agostinho
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, 18618-689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Manuel Vera
- University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Faculty of Veterinary, Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Rúa Lope Gómez de Marzoa, s/n, 15782, Lugo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Fábio Porto-Foresti
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo C. Coube, 14-01, 17033-360 Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodney K DE Azevedo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Análise de Sistemas Ambientais, Centro Universitário CESMAC, Rua Cônego Machado, 917, 57051-160 Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Vanessa D Abdallah
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Setor de Parasitologia e Patologia, Campus A. C. Simões, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, 57072-970 Maceió, AL, Brazil
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Redescription of Ascarophis distorta Fusco et Overstreet, 1978 (Nematoda, Cystidicolidae) from the stomach of some butterflyfishes off New Caledonia. Acta Parasitol 2021; 66:907-914. [PMID: 33687644 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-021-00359-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The nematode Ascarophis distorta Fusco et Overstreet, 1978 (Cystidicolidae), originally described from the butterflyfish Chaetodon paucifasciatus Ahl (Perciformes, Chaetodontidae) in the Red Sea, was established based solely on the light microscopical (LM) examination of specimens. However, the present taxonomy of cystidicolid nematodes is mostly based on details of the cephalic structures properly visible only with the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). METHODS Helminthological examinations of some marine fishes from coral reefs off New Caledonia, South Pacific, carried out in the years 2003-2007, revealed the presence of A. distorta in two Chaetodon spp. and thus enabled its redescription. The nematode specimens were studied with the use of both LM and SEM. RESULTS The specimens of A. distorta were obtained from the stomach of the threadfin butterflyfish Chaetodon auriga Forsskål and the vagabond butterflyfish Chaetodon vagabundus Linnaeus. This is just the second record of this parasite since its description 43 years ago. SEM, used in this species for the first time, revealed some taxonomically important, previously unreported or insufficiently described morphological features, such as details in the cephalic structure, the shape of deirids, structure of the distal tip of the left spicule, or the exact number and distribution of male caudal papillae. The finding of A. distorta in C. auriga and C. vagabundus off New Caledonia represents new host and geographical records. The examination of 39 specimens of butterflyfishes from off New Caledonia, belonging to 14 Chaetodon spp. and 3 Heniochus spp., revealed that the nematode was only present in the 2 fish species listed above. CONCLUSIONS This parasite seems to be host-specific to only certain species of butterflyfishes (Chaetodon spp.), and is probably widespread in the Indo-Pacific region, as well as its hosts.
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Suthar J, Shamsi S. The occurrence and abundance of infective stages of zoonotic nematodes in selected edible fish sold in Australian fish markets. Microb Pathog 2021; 154:104833. [PMID: 33711427 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Seafood is nutritious and a healthy source of proteins and its regular consumption is highly recommended by medical professionals and dieticians. Owing to this, the global consumption of seafood per capita has been significantly increasing since the 1960s. Consequently, seafood-borne pathogens, including parasites, have also become more widely known and recognised. In Australia, a vast island country, information about such parasites is extremely limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and abundance of zoonotic parasites, including anisakid nematodes, in selected Australian edible fish. Four species of fish, namely tiger flathead, Platycephalus richardsoni (n = 43), blue mackerel, Scomber australasicus (n = 117), snapper, Pagrus auratus (n = 11) and school whiting, Sillago flindersi (n = 90) were purchased from a fish market. Although a range of parasites was found, due to their significance for human health, the focus of this study was on nematodes whose infectious stage was found in these fish. The prevalence of nematodes in these fish species was 86.05%, 64.10%, 45.45% and 56.67%, respectively. Among the parasites found, Anisakis spp., Contracaecum spp. and Hysterothylacium spp. in tiger flathead, blue mackerel and school whiting, might be of zoonotic importance. Our findings suggest there is a need to revise current seafood safety protocols and develop educational campaigns for seafood industries stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaydipbhai Suthar
- Aquaculture and Sea-ranching, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Australia
| | - Shokoofeh Shamsi
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Australia.
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