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Ndayambaje M, Wahnou H, Sow M, Chgari O, Habyarimana T, Karkouri M, Limami Y, Naya A, Oudghiri M. Exploring the multifaceted effects of Ammi visnaga: subchronic toxicity, antioxidant capacity, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory activities. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:150-165. [PMID: 38037686 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2289430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Ammi visnaga (A. visnaga) is an annual herb that has been used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments attributed to the presence of its bioactive compounds. The purpose of this study was to identify and examine the phytochemical properties of the hydroalcoholic extract of A. visnaga using in vitro and in vivo models. Our findings demonstrated that the extract contained a variety of beneficial components, including phenols, flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, saponins, khellin, and visnagin. The total polyphenolic content and total flavonoid content were 23.26 mg/GAE/g dry weight and 13.26 mg/GAE/g dry weight, respectively. In vitro tests demonstrated that the extract possessed antioxidant properties as evidenced by the ability to scavenge free radicals, including DPPH, ABTS, nitric oxide (NO), phosphomolybdate, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Further, the extract was found to inhibit hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced hemolysis. In a 90-d in vivo study, female Wistar rats were administered 1 g/kg of A. visnaga extract orally resulting in a significant increase in total white blood cell count. Although morphological changes were observed in the liver, no marked alterations were noted in kidneys and spleen. In a female Swiss albino mice model of acetic acid-induced vascular permeability, A. visnaga significantly inhibited extravasations of Evans blue at doses of 0.5 or 1 g/kg with inhibition percentages of 51 and 65%, respectively, blocking tissue necrosis. The extract also demonstrated potential immunomodulatory properties in mice by enhancing antibody production in response to antigens. In silico molecular docking studies demonstrated a strong affinity between khellin or visnagin and immunomodulatory proteins, NF-κB, p52, and TNF-α. These findings suggest that A. visnaga may be considered a beneficial antioxidant with immunomodulatory properties and might serve as a therapeutic agent to combat certain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Ndayambaje
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Hicham Wahnou
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Marieme Sow
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Oumaima Chgari
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Mehdi Karkouri
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Youness Limami
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
- Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University of Settat, Settat, Morocco
| | - Abdallah Naya
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mounia Oudghiri
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
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Rituximab as maintenance therapy for ANCA associated vasculitis: how, when and why? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 12:39-46. [PMID: 26255570 DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV) are chronic autoimmune diseases characterized by inflammation and destruction of small vessels. Rituximab is now licensed for use as a remission-induction agent in the treatment of these disorders. During recent years, several non-controlled studies have suggested that rituximab may be of value in maintaining disease remission in AAV. In these series, 3 techniques have been tried: "watch-and-wait", repeated cycles in fixed intervals, or administration based on proposed biomarkers. More importantly, the results of the MAINRITSAN trial showed that this anti-CD20 agent is superior to azathioprine for preventing major relapses in AAV. This review summarizes current information regarding the effectiveness, timing, dosing, duration and safety of rituximab as a valid option for remission maintenance.
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Marinaki S, Skalioti C, Boletis JN. B cell depletion: rituximab in glomerular disease and transplantation. NEPHRON EXTRA 2013; 3:125-30. [PMID: 24550930 PMCID: PMC3919423 DOI: 10.1159/000356050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
B cells play a central role in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases. Selective targeting can be achieved with the use of the monoclonal antibody rituximab. In addition to being a drug for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, rituximab is also an FDA-approved treatment for refractory rheumatoid arthritis and, since recently, ANCA vasculitis. It has shown efficacy in many autoimmune diseases. This review will discuss current evidence and the rationale of the use of rituximab in glomerular diseases, including randomized controlled trials. The focus will be on the use of rituximab in idiopathic membranous nephropathy, systemic lupus erythematosus and ANCA-associated vasculitis. The emerging role of rituximab in renal transplantation, where it seems to be important for the desensitization protocols for highly sensitized patients as well as for the preconditioning of ABO-incompatible recipients and the treatment of antibody-mediated rejection, will also be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marinaki
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplant Unit, General Hospital 'Laiko', Athens, Greece
| | - C Skalioti
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplant Unit, General Hospital 'Laiko', Athens, Greece
| | - J N Boletis
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplant Unit, General Hospital 'Laiko', Athens, Greece
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Marinaki S, Kolovou K, Boletis JN. A male patient with diabetes and bilateral leg swelling. NEPHRON. CLINICAL PRACTICE 2013; 121:c151-c158. [PMID: 23327808 DOI: 10.1159/000342651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Marinaki
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplant Unit, General Hospital Laiko, Athens, Greece.
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Alba MA, Flores-Suárez LF. [Rituximab for the treatment of ANCA associated vasculitis: the future today?]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 7 Suppl 3:S41-6. [PMID: 22115869 DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2011.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Since cyclophosphamide was introduced for the treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis, the mortality of these diseases has decreased considerably. However, such treatment is related to acute and chronic serious adverse effects, which contribute to the morbidity and mortality of such diseases. Therefore, one of the main challenges in the treatment of such conditions is to find newer and effective therapies with a safer profile. Rituximab (RTX), an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody stands at the top of new options for the treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis, and is the strongest candidate to establish itself as a first choice therapeutic agent. Here, we review the rationale of RTX treatment in ANCA-associated small vessel vasculitis, and the current evidence of both its efficacy and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Alba
- Unidad de investigación en Vasculitis, Servicio de Enfermedades Autoinmunes Sistémicas, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, España
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Garcia-Valladares I, Espinoza LR. Is rituximab superior to cyclophosphamide for ANCA-associated vasculitis for induction of remission, and with a better safety profile? Curr Rheumatol Rep 2011; 12:395-8. [PMID: 20844995 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-010-0133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Garcia-Valladares
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70112-2822, USA
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Tadema H, Abdulahad WH, Lepse N, Stegeman CA, Kallenberg CGM, Heeringa P. Bacterial DNA motifs trigger ANCA production in ANCA-associated vasculitis in remission. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010; 50:689-96. [PMID: 21149241 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES CpG motifs, which are highly prevalent in bacterial DNA, have been shown to trigger the production of ANCA in vitro by B lymphocytes from patients with active ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). Staphylococcus aureus is associated with relapses in AAV, and CpG motifs from staphylococcal DNA may trigger ANCA production in AAV patients in remission. We investigated the presence of ANCA-producing B lymphocytes during quiescent disease and tested the capacity of these cells to produce ANCA in response to CpG. METHODS Expression of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) by B lymphocytes from AAV patients and controls was assessed. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from 23 PR3-ANCA and 15 MPO-ANCA patients (33 quiescent, 5 active disease) and 14 healthy controls, and cultured for 12 days in the presence of cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) and IL-2. B-lymphocyte activation, differentiation, immunoglobulin production and in vitro ANCA production were studied. RESULTS TLR9 expression by B lymphocytes was comparable in AAV patients and controls. B lymphocytes were activated and differentiated towards a plasma cell phenotype in response to CpG-ODN and IL-2. ANCA were produced in vitro by 13 out of 23 PR3-ANCA patients and 3 out of 15 MPO-ANCA patients. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that ANCA-producing B lymphocytes can be present in the peripheral blood of AAV patients during remission. These autoreactive B lymphocytes are triggered by CpG-ODN and IL-2 to produce ANCA in vitro. CpG motifs may trigger the production of ANCA in vivo, contributing to the development of relapses in AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henko Tadema
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Vanoni F, Bettinelli A, Keller F, Bianchetti MG, Simonetti GD. Vasculitides associated with IgG antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies in childhood. Pediatr Nephrol 2010; 25:205-12. [PMID: 19641940 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-009-1253-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2009] [Revised: 06/14/2009] [Accepted: 06/15/2009] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (Ig)G antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies are causally associated with necrotizing vasculitides that are characterized immunopathologically by little or no deposition of immunoreactants, such as Wegener granulomatosis, microscopic polyangiitis, Churg-Strauss angiitis, "renal-limited" vasculitis and a number of drug-induced vasculitides. Clinical routine testing targets the antigens myeloperoxidase and proteinase 3. However, in all of the conditions mentioned, the renal histopathologic findings are indistinguishable. Churg-Strauss angiitis (characterized by necrotizing vasculitis, granulomatous inflammation and tissue eosinophilia), Wegener granulomatosis (characterized by necrotizing vasculitis and granulomatous inflammation) and microscopic polyangiitis (characterized by necrotizing vasculitis) often present with fever, weight loss and a multisystem involvement (ear, nose, throat, lung, eyes, peripheral nerve and heart). Fifty years ago these conditions were very often fatal within 6 months of diagnosis. The introduction of corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide has resulted in a dramatic clinical benefit. Patients who develop treatment-related morbidity can be switched from cyclophosphamide to azathioprine after achieving remission. In patients with less severe disease, methotrexate achieves remission with a success rate similar to that of cyclophosphamide. Plasma exchange, in association with immunosuppression, is likely to be a beneficial therapy for patients with severe kidney disease or pulmonary hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Vanoni
- Department of Pediatrics, Bellinzona and Mendrisio Hospitals, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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LUI NL, THUMBOO J, FONG KY. A case of refractory vasculitic ulcers in a systemic lupus erythematosus patient responding to rituximab and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Int J Rheum Dis 2009; 12:366-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1756-185x.2009.01438.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Brunner J, Freund M, Prelog M, Binder E, Sailer-Hoeck M, Jungraithmayr T, Huemer C, Sergi C, Zimmerhackl LB. Successful treatment of severe juvenile microscopic polyangiitis with rituximab. Clin Rheumatol 2009; 28:997-999. [PMID: 19390907 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-009-1177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2009] [Accepted: 03/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) previously called hypersensitivity angiitis is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis affecting predominantly small vessels. MPA involves multiple organ systems including the lung, the kidneys, the joints, and the skin. MPA mostly affects adults in their fourth and fifth decade of life. MPA and Wegener;s granulomatosis are grouped together as ANCA-associated vasculitis. MPA is associated with high titre of myeloperoxidase antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (MPO)-ANCA. We present a 14-year-old female patient presented with MPA. She was treated with steroids and cyclophosphamide. After the complication of severe lung involvement, rituximab was administered as immune-modulating treatment. The MPA came to remission. This is the first report of a pediatric patient with MPA treated with rituximab. Rituximab might be a potential therapeutic option for relapsing ANCA associated vasculitis in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Brunner
- Department of Paediatrics, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
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