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Tindle R, Castillo P, Doring N, Grant L, Willis R. Developing and validating a university needs instrument to measure the psychosocial needs of university students. BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 92:1550-1570. [PMID: 35586948 PMCID: PMC9790289 DOI: 10.1111/bjep.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND University students are four times more likely to experience elevated levels of psychological distress compared to their peers. The psychosocial needs of university students are associated with high psychological distress, stressful life events, and academic performance. Our study focuses on developing a measure to help universities identify these psychosocial needs. AIMS The study aimed to develop and validate the factor structure of the University Needs Instrument and identify the relationship between psychosocial needs, psychological distress and academic performance among university students. SAMPLE Undergraduate university students (N = 511) currently studying at university. METHOD Participants completed demographic questions, the University Needs Instrument and the Kessler-10 Psychological Distress scale. The University Needs Instrument comprises 30 items within six psychosocial factors (academic support, financial support, support from family, support from friends, practical support and emotional support), each consisting of five items. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis showed that all items significantly loaded on the six hypothesized factors. The hypothesized model was supported by the data displaying excellent model fit and psychometric properties. Our analysis determined that the UNI has strong internal consistency. The results also confirmed that university students' high levels of psychological distress and their academic performance may be affected by their psychosocial needs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings have provided an initial validation of the UNI to help screen and identify the psychosocial needs of university students. This scale can be used to identify the appropriate psychosocial support that can be offered to students and in turn could help reduce their psychological distress, improve their psychosocial well-being and increase academic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Tindle
- School of Health and Behavioural SciencesUniversity of the Sunshine CoastGympieQLDAustralia
| | - Paola Castillo
- Faculty of Business, Justice and Behavioural Sciences, School of PsychologyCharles Sturt UniversityPort MacquarieNSWAustralia
| | - Natalie Doring
- Kirby InstituteUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Leigh Grant
- Faculty of Business, Justice and Behavioural Sciences, School of PsychologyCharles Sturt UniversityPort MacquarieNSWAustralia
| | - Royce Willis
- Faculty of HealthSouthern Cross UniversityCoffs HarbourNSWAustralia
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Masoudifar Z, Rassouli M, Ashrafizadeh H, Fathollah Zadeh E, Dadashi N, Khanali Mojen L. Unfulfilled psychosocial needs of the adolescent siblings of patients with cancer and the identification of the related factors. Front Psychol 2022; 13:983980. [PMID: 36211937 PMCID: PMC9534179 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.983980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe diagnosis of cancer in a child is a stressful experience for the entire family, particularly for adolescent or young adult siblings and their psychosocial needs (PSNs) may remain unfulfilled. The aim of the study was to assess the unfulfilled PSNs of the adolescent siblings of patients with cancer in Iran and examine the relationships between demographic and medical variables and PSNs.MethodsThis descriptive analytical study was conducted in 2019 in seven teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Participants were 188 adolescent siblings of patients with cancer. Sampling was performed consecutively. Data were collected using a demographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire and the Sibling Cancer Needs Instrument (SCNI). To investigate the relationship between demographic variables and the mean score of PSNs subscales, first, the correlation was determined, and afterward, the significant variables were analyzed using multiple linear regression.ResultsIn total, 180 adolescent siblings completed the study. Their mean age was 15.66 ± 2.55 years and the mean summary score of their PSNs was 121.15 ± 32.73. Around 80.60% of adolescents indicated at least one unmet need related to each question. The most common unfulfilled needs of participants were related to the information about sibling’s cancer dimension (INFO) (mean: 2.94 ± 0.79) and the less common unfulfilled needs were related to the practical assistance dimension (UFAM) (mean: 2.38 ± 0.93). Based on the regression coefficients, a significant relationship was observed between the mean summary score of PSNs with the duration of cancer (β = –2.199, p = 0.006) and mother’s age (β = –2.805, p = 0.029).ConclusionThe adolescent siblings of patients with cancer have different unfulfilled PSNs, particularly respecting information about their siblings’ cancer and support for emotional coping. Family members and healthcare providers should provide these adolescents with strong informational support and fulfill their needs in order to promote their health and their emotional coping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Masoudifar
- Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Children’s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Rassouli
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadis Ashrafizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Ensieh Fathollah Zadeh
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Nasrin Dadashi
- Department of Nursing, Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Children’s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Khanali Mojen
- Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Children’s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Leila Khanali Mojen,
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A study on the adaptation of the sibling cancer needs ınstrument to Turkish. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02357-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Mojen LK, Rassouli M, Ashrafizadeh H, Beykmirza R, Masoudifar Z, Jamsahar M, Ansari M, Hatamipour K, Salmani N, Nazari O, Varzeshnejad M. Psychometric evaluation of "Family Inventory of Needs" in parents of cancer children. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2021; 54:102021. [PMID: 34601226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2021.102021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Early childhood cancer creates various challenges in parents' lives and influences new needs, the identification of which requires a valid and reliable tool. The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Family Inventory of Needs (FIN) with the parents of children with cancer. METHOD In this methodological research, 210 parents of children with cancer visiting pediatric oncology referral centers in Iran were selected through convenience sampling, based on the study inclusion criteria. The Farsi version of FIN was developed through translation and back-translation. Face validity as well as construct validity using the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed. The correlation between the score of FIN and the score of Caring Ability of Family Caregivers of Patients with Cancer-mothers' version (CAFCPC-mother's version) was also calculated in order to evaluate the convergent validity. Furthermore, the stability and internal consistency reliability were investigated using software packages LISREL and SPSS. RESULTS The results of CFA showed that the single-factor structure of the tool with 20 items has an appropriate fit with the data and is therefore approved. Pearson coefficient (r) of the correlation between the mean scores of the NFI and the CAFCPC-mothers' version was calculated to be 0.17 (p < 0.01). The Cronbach's alpha of the tool was calculated as 0.90, and the test-retest correlation coefficient as ICC = 0.91. CONCLUSION The Farsi version of the FIN has appropriate psychometric properties among the population of Iranian parents of children with cancer. It may therefore be a suitable tool for measuring the emotional, physical, and psychological support provided for the parents of children with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Khanali Mojen
- Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Rassouli
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hadis Ashrafizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Nursing & Midwifery School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Raziyeh Beykmirza
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeynab Masoudifar
- Pediatric Nursing, Oncology Ward, Mofid Children's Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Jamsahar
- Department of Medical- Surgical, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Ansari
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Iranian Research Center on Healthy Aging School of Paramedical, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Hatamipour
- Department of Nursing, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Nayereh Salmani
- Department of Pediatrics, Nursing Faculty, Meybod Nursing School, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Varzeshnejad
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Niinomi K, Fukui M. Children's psychosocial and behavioural consequences during their siblings' hospitalisation: A qualitative content analysis from caregivers' perspectives. J Clin Nurs 2021; 31:2219-2226. [PMID: 34523173 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This study aimed to comprehensively describe the psychosocial and behavioural consequences experienced by siblings of hospitalised children from the caregivers' perspective. BACKGROUND After children are diagnosed with a major illness, their siblings may begin to exhibit psychological and behavioural problems, coupled with decreased quality of life. DESIGN This study employed qualitative content analysis to describe the perspectives of 147 caregivers of siblings of hospitalised children, following the COREQ guidelines. METHODS From January to March 2015, data were collected from 33 medical institutions in Japan using a survey that utilised an open-ended question. RESULTS Four themes comprising 13 comprehensive categories were extracted: (1) maintaining their usual self, (2) internalising difficulties, (3) externalising difficulties, and (4) personal growth. During data analysis, value judgments were avoided, with the focus instead placed on dividing the perspectives into positive and negative categories. CONCLUSIONS The neutral data analysis enabled us to describe the psychosocial and behavioural adjustments that siblings make to 'maintain their usual self'. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE This study's results can be used to educate healthcare providers, teachers and families about the psychosocial and behavioural effects of hospitalisation on siblings of hospitalised children to ensure that siblings struggling with psychosocial conflicts receive the necessary support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuteru Niinomi
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Minae Fukui
- School of Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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6
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Wawrzynski SE, Schaefer MR, Schvaneveldt N, Alderfer MA. Social support and siblings of children with cancer: A scoping review. Psychooncology 2021; 30:1232-1245. [PMID: 33851490 PMCID: PMC8363579 DOI: 10.1002/pon.5689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social support is essential in healthy adjustment to life stressors. This scoping review examines how social support has been conceptualized, operationalized, and studied among siblings of children with cancer. Gaps in the current literature are identified, and future research directions are proposed. METHODS A rigorous systematic scoping review framework guided our process. Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus were searched for literature regarding social support and siblings of children with cancer. After screening, 57 articles were identified (n = 26 quantitative, n = 21 qualitative, and n = 10 multi-method) and their content extracted for summarization. RESULTS The majority of studies (n = 43, 75.4%) were descriptive; 14 (24.6%) included interventions, and of those, four were experimental. Few studies used a clearly defined theoretical framework, or validated tools to measure social support. Studies explored perceived social support needs of siblings, the provision and availability of formal support through interventions and related outcomes, and informal family social supports. A variety of support types were found to be helpful to siblings in different ways. CONCLUSIONS Social support is a prevalent topic in the literature regarding siblings of children with cancer. It is unclear what types of support are most important due to how it has been conceptualized and measured. Despite some methodological limitations, greater levels of social support have been linked to better adaptation among siblings of children with cancer. Future work is warranted to identify the most beneficial types of support for siblings based on their age, developmental stage, and the cancer trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Wawrzynski
- Intermountain Primary Children's Hospital, Pediatric Critical Care Services, College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Megan R Schaefer
- Department of Psychology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Nena Schvaneveldt
- Eccles Health Science Library, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Melissa A Alderfer
- Center for Healthcare Delivery Science, Nemours Children's Health System and Department of Pediatrics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Creating a Pathway for Psychosocial Support in Siblings of Youth with a Chronic Illness: Findings from an International Summit. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2021; 42:331-339. [PMID: 33395147 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000000902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Serious childhood illnesses such as cancer affect all family members. Siblings experience strong emotions and disruptions to their routines as families reorganize to confront the disease and manage treatment. Addressing siblings' psychosocial needs is a standard of care in pediatric oncology, but siblings' needs are rarely met because of systematic barriers in our health care system. Thus, we aimed to re-envision sibling care. We used an appreciative inquiry approach to inform systematic screening of siblings' psychosocial risk and unmet needs as a first step toward providing appropriate support. METHOD Sibling-focused researchers, clinicians, policymakers, advocates, and families of youth with cancer (N = 29) convened for a 2-day community stakeholder-centered international summit to create a vision for standardizing and optimizing sibling-focused psychosocial screening and assessment as a pathway to care, including crafting a research agenda and articulating best clinical practices. RESULTS Summit attendees created a detailed framework for best practices in universal sibling psychosocial screening and pathways to support. The framework emphasizes links between hospital- and community-based care. It highlights the need to prepare systems to feasibly and effectively attend to siblings' needs and recommends incorporating siblings into family-based psychosocial screening at cancer diagnosis, systematically conducting sibling-focused psychosocial screening during and after cancer treatment, and connecting siblings with community-based resources. CONCLUSION A systematic approach to sibling psychosocial services expands the idea of family-centered care to include siblings and ensures that siblings' needs are adequately recognized and met. This framework was created in the context of cancer but is applicable across illness groups.
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8
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Liu JJ, Liu QH, He HY, Zhang T, Song YX, Wang W, Hong JF. Psychometric Testing of the Chinese Version of Supportive Care Needs Survey for Partners and Caregivers of Cancer Patients. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2020; 35:76-85. [PMID: 30448909 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-018-1442-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Supportive Care Needs Survey for Partners and Caregivers (SCNS-P&C-C) among the caregivers of Chinese patients with cancer. The original English version of SCNS-P&C was translated into Chinese using a forward and backward translation approach. The psychometric properties of the SCNS-P&C-C including factor structure, convergent, and discriminative validities and internal consistency were then tested. A convenience sample of 498 caregivers of hospitalized patients with cancer was recruited from oncology units in three tertiary public hospitals in Hefei city, mainland China. Exploratory factor analysis revealed four domains of the SCNS-P&C-C, which resemble the original English version scale. The convergent validity of the SCNS-P&C-C has established with statistically significant correlations between the SCNS-P&C-C and the Chinese version of Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (r = 0.327, P < 0.01). The SCNS-P&C-C has also good internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranging from 0.79 to 0.89 for the four subscales and 0.94 for the total scale. The Chinese version of the SCNS-P&C was found to be reliable and valid to assess the supportive care needs for partners and caregivers of Chinese patients with cancer. The SCNS-P&C-C can be used to assess and understand the supportive care needs of Chinese caregivers of patients with cancer. Such information will help the healthcare professionals to formulate tailored supportive care services for the caregivers of Chinese patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Liu
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, No.69 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiang Su, China
| | - Qun-Hui Liu
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, No.69 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hong-Ye He
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, No.69 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, No.69 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yong-Xia Song
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, No.69 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wenru Wang
- Alice Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing-Fang Hong
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, No.69 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
- Anhui Provincial Nursing International Research Center, An Hui, China.
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Patterson P, McDonald FEJ, Costa DSJ, Tindle R, Allison KR, Morris SE. Initial validation of a needs instrument for young people bereaved by familial cancer. Support Care Cancer 2019; 28:3637-3648. [PMID: 31811484 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-05104-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to validate the Bereaved Cancer Needs Instrument (BCNI), an instrument designed to assess the unmet psychosocial needs of adolescents and young adults (AYAs, 12-25 years) who have experienced the death of a parent or sibling to cancer. METHODS In total, 335 participants aged 12 to 25 (M = 15.80, SD = 3.32) who had experienced the death of a parent (N = 297) or sibling (N = 38) from cancer took part in this study. Participants completed the BCNI, the Kessler-10 psychological distress scale (K10), and several items assessing the acceptability of the BCNI. RESULTS Exploratory factor analysis indicated that a seven-factor structure best fit the BCNI, accounting for 56.65% of the variance in unmet psychosocial needs of cancer-bereaved AYAs. The measure had good psychometric properties, high levels of internal consistency for all domains, and correlated strongly with the K10 (r = .59, p < .001). Item response theory analysis demonstrated that the response scale was appropriate, with strong discrimination indices. Analyses also indicated the potential to reduce the BCNI from 58 items to a 37-item short-form, although this will require further validation. CONCLUSIONS The BCNI is the first psychometrically validated instrument to identify the unmet psychosocial needs of bereaved AYAs who have experienced the death of a parent or sibling to cancer. The instrument can be used in research and health care settings to identify the unmet needs of young people bereaved by cancer and provide targeted support to reduce psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandora Patterson
- Research, Evaluation and Social Policy, CanTeen Australia, M: GPO Box 3821, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia. .,Cancer Nursing Research Unit, The University of Sydney, PO Box M30, Missenden Road, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.
| | - Fiona E J McDonald
- Research, Evaluation and Social Policy, CanTeen Australia, M: GPO Box 3821, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia.,Cancer Nursing Research Unit, The University of Sydney, PO Box M30, Missenden Road, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Daniel S J Costa
- Pain Management Research Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard Tindle
- Research, Evaluation and Social Policy, CanTeen Australia, M: GPO Box 3821, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia.,Faculty of Business, Justice, and Behavioural Sciences, School of Psychology, Charles Sturt University, Port Macquarie, NSW, 2444, Australia
| | - Kimberley R Allison
- Research, Evaluation and Social Policy, CanTeen Australia, M: GPO Box 3821, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia
| | - Sue E Morris
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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Long KA, Pariseau EM, Muriel AC, Chu A, Kazak AE, Alderfer MA. Development of a Psychosocial Risk Screener for Siblings of Children With Cancer: Incorporating the Perspectives of Parents. J Pediatr Psychol 2019; 43:693-701. [PMID: 29617821 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsy021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Although many siblings experience distress after a child's cancer diagnosis, their psychosocial functioning is seldom assessed in clinical oncology settings. One barrier to systematic sibling screening is the lack of a validated, sibling-specific screening instrument. Thus, this study developed sibling-specific screening modules in English and Spanish for the Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT), a well-validated screener of family psychosocial risk. Methods A purposive sample of English- and Spanish-speaking parents of children with cancer (N = 29) completed cognitive interviews to provide in-depth feedback on the development of the new PAT sibling modules. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, cleaned, and analyzed using applied thematic analysis. Items were updated iteratively according to participants' feedback. Data collection continued until saturation was reached (i.e., all items were clear and valid). Results Two sibling modules were developed to assess siblings' psychosocial risk at diagnosis (preexisting risk factors) and several months thereafter (reactions to cancer). Most prior PAT items were retained; however, parents recommended changes to improve screening format (separately assessing each sibling within the family and expanding response options to include "sometimes"), developmental sensitivity (developing or revising items for ages 0-2, 3-4, 5-9, and 10+ years), and content (adding items related to sibling-specific social support, global assessments of sibling risk, emotional/behavioral reactions to cancer, and social ecological factors such as family and school). Conclusions Psychosocial screening requires sibling-specific screening items that correspond to preexisting risk (at diagnosis) and reactions to cancer (several months after diagnosis). Validated, sibling-specific screeners will facilitate identification of siblings with elevated psychosocial risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna C Muriel
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School
| | | | - Anne E Kazak
- Nemours Children's Health System.,Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University
| | - Melissa A Alderfer
- Nemours Children's Health System.,Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University
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11
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McDonald FEJ, Patterson P, Tindle R. What young people need when a family member dies of cancer. Support Care Cancer 2019; 28:1631-1638. [PMID: 31280364 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04973-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study uses the newly developed Bereaved Cancer Needs Inventory to identify the unmet psychosocial needs of adolescents and young adults who have experienced the death of a parent or sibling to cancer, and to explore the relationship between unmet needs and psychological distress. METHODS In total, 278 bereaved offspring and 38 bereaved siblings (12-25 years) completed the 58-item Bereaved Cancer Needs Inventory (BCNI) and the Kessler psychological distress scale (K10). RESULTS Bereaved offspring reported 27 unmet needs on average (SD = 16.87, range: 0-58); 94% indicated at least one unmet need, with 80% indicating 10 or more needs. Bereaved siblings reported 23 unmet needs on average (SD = 17.30, range: 0-57); 97% indicated at least one unmet need, with 68% indicating 10 or more needs. For both bereaved offspring and siblings, the needs for "support from other young people" and "time out and recreation" were most frequently reported as unmet. Approximately half of all participants reported high to very high levels of psychological distress. There was a significant positive relationship between the number of unmet needs and the psychological distress score on the K10 for both groups. CONCLUSIONS Bereaved offspring and bereaved siblings report unmet psychosocial needs across many domains, which are associated with their levels of psychological distress. Findings suggest the BCNI may be used by healthcare professionals to identify unmet needs and direct clients to the appropriate services, resources, or support; with the intent to reduce their risk of mental illness and psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona E J McDonald
- CanTeen Australia, M: GPO Box 3821, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia. .,Cancer Nursing Research Unit, Sydney Nursing School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Pandora Patterson
- CanTeen Australia, M: GPO Box 3821, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia.,Cancer Nursing Research Unit, Sydney Nursing School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard Tindle
- CanTeen Australia, M: GPO Box 3821, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia.,School of Psychology, Charles Sturt University, Port Macquarie, Australia
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Masoudifar Z, Khanali Mojen L, Rassouli M, Nasiri M, Patterson P, Mc Donald F, Eshghi P. Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Sibling Cancer Needs Instrument (SCNI). ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION : APJCP 2018; 19:3457-3462. [PMID: 30583669 PMCID: PMC6428549 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2018.19.12.3457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The sibling cancer needs instrument (SCNI) is the first developed specifically for assessing psychosocial unmet needs of adolescents having a sibling with cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of its Persian version.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Masoudifar
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Franklin M, Patterson P, Allison KR, Rosso-Buckton A, Walczak A. An invisible patient: Healthcare professionals’ perspectives on caring for adolescents and young adults who have a sibling with cancer. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2018; 27:e12970. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pandora Patterson
- CanTeen Australia; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Cancer Nursing Research Unit; The University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | | | - Amanda Rosso-Buckton
- Health Education and Training Institute of New South Wales; North Parramatta New South Wales Australia
| | - Adam Walczak
- CanTeen Australia; Sydney New South Wales Australia
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Zomerdijk N, Turner JM, Hill GR. Adult-related haematopoietic stem cell donor experiences and the provision of information and psychosocial support: A systematic literature review. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2018; 28:e12932. [PMID: 30277290 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
For blood cancer patients, haematopoietic stem cells (HSC) donated by a relative can be lifesaving. However, related donors can face significant physical and psychosocial challenges. As the demand for adult-related HSC donors is increasing, it is important to review our understanding of adult-related HSC donors' need for and availability of information and psychosocial support with a view to identifying gaps in the literature. A systematic review of relevant studies (2000-2017) was conducted using five databases with supplementary hand searching. Sixteen studies involving 1,024 related HSC donors met the following criteria: English or Dutch language, peer-reviewed, sampled first-time-related HSC donors, ≥18 years, haematological malignancies, assessed psychosocial aspects, retrospective or prospective and with or without comparison group. Data were abstracted, and study quality was assessed using the PRISMA criteria. Studies contained limited information on the provision of information and psychosocial support. Most studies addressed pre-donation information, and none reported providing information or support to donors post-donation. Additionally, few studies formally assessed unmet needs. Recommendations include improved transparency of reporting for the availability, sources and timing of information and psychosocial support, and the identification of unmet needs to enable the development of educational and psychosocial interventions for this invaluable donor population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nienke Zomerdijk
- Faculty of Medicine, Mental Health Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Jane M Turner
- Faculty of Medicine, Mental Health Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- Faculty of Medicine, Mental Health Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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15
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Long KA, Lehmann V, Gerhardt CA, Carpenter AL, Marsland AL, Alderfer MA. Psychosocial functioning and risk factors among siblings of children with cancer: An updated systematic review. Psychooncology 2018; 27:1467-1479. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.4669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vicky Lehmann
- Department of Pediatrics and Psychology; Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
- Center for Biobehavioral Health Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital; Columbus OH USA
| | - Cynthia A. Gerhardt
- Department of Pediatrics and Psychology; Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
- Center for Biobehavioral Health Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital; Columbus OH USA
| | | | | | - Melissa A. Alderfer
- Nemours Children's Health System/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children; Wilmington DE USA
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College; Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia PA USA
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16
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Patterson P, McDonald FEJ, White KJ, Walczak A, Butow PN. Levels of unmet needs and distress amongst adolescents and young adults (AYAs) impacted by familial cancer. Psychooncology 2017; 26:1285-1292. [PMID: 28295848 PMCID: PMC5599973 DOI: 10.1002/pon.4421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe levels of, and relationships between, distress and psychosocial unmet needs in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with a family member with cancer. METHODS Adolescents and young adults (12-24 years old) with a living sibling or parent with cancer participated. Participants completed demographics, the Kessler 10 (K10) distress scale and the Sibling or Offspring Cancer Needs Instruments. Descriptive statistics were obtained for all measures, item-level frequencies were examined to identify common unmet needs, and relationships between distress and unmet needs were explored. RESULTS Average sibling (N = 106) and offspring (N = 256) distress levels were in the high range (K10total = 22-30), with 29.6% and 31.6% in the very high range (K10total = 31-50), respectively. Siblings had mean = 19.7 unmet needs (range 0-45), 66% had ≥10 unmet needs, and 44% of the 45 needs were unmet on average. Offspring had mean = 22.4 unmet needs (range 0-47), 77% had ≥10 unmet needs, and 48% of the 47 needs were unmet on average. Strong positive correlations were found between K10 distress and the number of sibling/offspring unmet needs (r = 0.599 and r = 0.522, respectively, P = .00). CONCLUSIONS Australian AYA siblings and offspring impacted by familial cancer experience high levels and numbers of unmet needs and substantial distress. Strong associations were found between increased distress and more unmet needs. Distress levels were comparable to AYAs seeking treatment for mental health issues. Insights into the type and number of needs experienced by AYA siblings and offspring will facilitate development and delivery of targeted, age-appropriate interventions, and resources for these vulnerable and underserved young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Patterson
- CanTeen Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Cancer Nursing Research Unit, Sydney Nursing School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - F E J McDonald
- CanTeen Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Cancer Nursing Research Unit, Sydney Nursing School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - K J White
- Cancer Nursing Research Unit, Sydney Nursing School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A Walczak
- CanTeen Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - P N Butow
- Psycho-Oncology Cooperative Research Group (PoCoG), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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17
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The needs of siblings of children with a life-threatening illness, part 1: Conceptualization and development of a measure. Palliat Support Care 2017; 15:644-664. [DOI: 10.1017/s1478951516001127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective:The presence of a child afflicted with a life-threatening illness is a difficult situation for the child's siblings, especially when their own needs are left unmet. The present article describes the first three phases of research involved in the conceptualization, development, and content validation of an initial version of the Inventaire des Besoins de la Fratrie d'Enfants Malades Sévèrement (IBesFEMS) [Needs Inventory for Siblings of Critically ill Children].Method:The first phase of the development of this instrument was conducted using qualitative methodology (focus groups: 6 siblings, 8 parents). The second phase consisted of validating the content of a pool of items developed according to the needs identified in the first phase. Some 21 participants (3 psychometricians, 3 researchers, 9 clinicians, and 6 siblings) evaluated each item for relevance and clarity. Finally, during the third phase, the acceptability and administration procedures of the preliminary version of the instrument were assessed qualitatively by five siblings.Results:The first phase led to production of a typology made up of 43 needs in 10 different environments. The second phase allowed for selection of the items that were clearest and most relevant, based on expert opinion. This procedure gave rise to a first version of the IBesFEMS, which consisted of 48 items.Significance of results:The IBesFEMS appears to be a promising tool for specifically assessing the needs of the adolescent siblings of seriously ill children.
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18
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Tasker SL, Stonebridge GGS. Siblings, You Matter: Exploring the Needs of Adolescent Siblings of Children and Youth With Cancer. J Pediatr Nurs 2016; 31:712-722. [PMID: 27439791 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan L Tasker
- University of Victoria, Department of Educational Psychology & Leadership Studies, Canada.
| | - Genevieve G S Stonebridge
- University of Victoria, Department of Educational Psychology & Leadership Studies, Canada; Clinical Counsellor, InspireHealth, Supportive Cancer Care, Victoria, BC, Canada
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19
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The needs of siblings of children with a life-threatening illness, part 2: Psychometric validation of the IBesFEMS. Palliat Support Care 2016; 15:20-31. [PMID: 27230818 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951516000316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Life-threatening illnesses in children have a significant impact on the lives of their brothers and sisters. Consequently, special attention must be paid to the specific needs of these siblings to help them cope with their situations. To address this issue, we developed an inventory of the needs of the adolescent siblings of severely ill children, the Inventaire des Besoins de la Fratrie d'Enfants Malades Sévèrement (IBesFEMS) [Needs Inventory for Siblings of Critically Ill Children]. The present article describes a preliminary validation study of this new instrument. METHOD In a prospective cohort study, the 48-item instrument was administered via a website or paper to 58 siblings. RESULTS Our study revealed that the measure has an estimated internal consistency of 0.96 and a temporal stability intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.86 (p < 0.01). Its convergence validity is also satisfactory. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Our findings suggest that the IBesFEMS is highly relevant for pediatric palliative care clinicians and researchers. Future studies should investigate its factorial structure and predictive validities.
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20
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Zegaczewski T, Chang K, Coddington J, Berg A. Factors Related to Healthy Siblings’ Psychosocial Adjustment to Children With Cancer. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 2015; 33:218-27. [PMID: 26483426 DOI: 10.1177/1043454215600426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To identify factors related to the psychosocial adjustment of healthy siblings of children with cancer (HSCC). Design and Method: An integrative review was conducted. Controlled vocabularies relevant to siblings, pediatrics, children, neoplasms, and psychosocial adaptation were used to search Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature and PubMed. Articles that met inclusion criteria (eg, quantitative studies related to HSCC’s psychosocial adjustment; had sample sizes of at least 30; and HSCC age between 1 and 19 years) were reviewed. Key findings of selected articles were analyzed according to sibling characteristics, social support, and contextual factors. Results: Seven nonexperimental and 5 quasi-experimental studies were reviewed. HSCC’s characteristics (eg, age, gender), perceived social support from family and summer camp, and perceived contextual factors (eg, role overload, family adaptability) were significant factors that correlated with HSCC’s psychosocial adjustment. Conclusion: When caring for a child diagnosed with cancer, nurses need to include HSCC in the assessment of a family unit’s adaptation to cancer distress and provide appropriate interventions to promote HSCC’s psychosocial well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Abby Berg
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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21
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McDonald FEJ, Patterson P, White KJ, Butow PN, Costa DSJ, Kerridge I. Correlates of unmet needs and psychological distress in adolescent and young adults who have a parent diagnosed with cancer. Psychooncology 2015; 25:447-54. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.3942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. E. J. McDonald
- CanTeen Australia; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Cancer Nursing Research Unit, Sydney Nursing School; The University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - P. Patterson
- CanTeen Australia; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Cancer Nursing Research Unit, Sydney Nursing School; The University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - K. J. White
- Cancer Nursing Research Unit, Sydney Nursing School; The University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - P. N. Butow
- Psycho-Oncology Co-operative Research Group (POCoG); The University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-based Decision-making (CeMPED); The University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - D. S. J. Costa
- Psycho-Oncology Co-operative Research Group (POCoG); The University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - I. Kerridge
- Centre for Values, Ethics and Law in Medicine; The University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
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22
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Recent developments in supporting adolescent and young adult siblings of cancer patients. Curr Opin Oncol 2015; 27:311-5. [DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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McDonald FEJ, Patterson P. Evaluation of a Resource for Adolescents and Young Adults Diagnosed With Cancer. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 2015; 32:284-94. [DOI: 10.1177/1043454214563408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) have a need for information about their cancer diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a book for AYAs diagnosed with cancer, in particular to assess satisfaction, changes in perceived knowledge and coping, the impact of health literacy (HL) on perceived knowledge, and the impact of the book on distress levels. Methods: Forty-six AYAs (12-24 years of age) completed questionnaires before and after receiving the Now What . . . ? book designed to provide broad and comprehensive information to AYAs with cancer. Results: Overall satisfaction with the book was excellent. Levels of perceived knowledge increased in several domains; however, levels of distress, which were elevated, did not improve after participants received the book. Levels of HL related to prebook perceived knowledge, but not to postbook perceived knowledge, suggested that the book is useful for people with all levels of HL. Conclusions: The usefulness and high levels of satisfaction with the book, including the qualitative feedback, demonstrate the potential benefit of the Now What . . . ? books for AYA patients diagnosed with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona E. J. McDonald
- CanTeen Australia, NSW, Australia
- Cancer Nursing Research Unit, Sydney Nursing School, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pandora Patterson
- CanTeen Australia, NSW, Australia
- Cancer Nursing Research Unit, Sydney Nursing School, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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24
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McDonald FEJ, Patterson P, White KJ, Butow P, Bell ML. Predictors of unmet needs and psychological distress in adolescent and young adult siblings of people diagnosed with cancer. Psychooncology 2014; 24:333-40. [PMID: 25132314 DOI: 10.1002/pon.3653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Predictors of psychological distress and unmet needs amongst adolescents and young adults (AYAs) who have a brother or sister diagnosed with cancer were examined. METHODS There were 106 AYAs (12-24 years old) who completed questionnaires covering demographics, psychological distress (Kessler 10), unmet needs (Sibling Cancer Needs Instrument) and family relationships (Family Relationship Index; Adult Sibling Relationship Questionnaire; Sibling Perception Questionnaire (SPQ)). Three models were analysed (demographic variables, cancer-specific variables and family functioning variables) using multiple linear regression to determine the role of the variables in predicting psychological distress and unmet needs. RESULTS Unmet needs were higher for AYA siblings when treatment was current or a relapse had occurred. Higher scores on the SPQ-Interpersonal subscale indicating a perceived decrease in the quality of relationships with parents and others were associated with higher levels of distress and unmet needs. The age and gender of the AYA sibling, whether it was their brother or sister who was diagnosed with cancer, the age difference between them, the number of parents living with the AYA sibling, parental birth country, time since diagnosis, Family Relationship Index, Adult Sibling Relationship Questionnaire and the SPQ-Communication subscale did not significantly impact outcome variables. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the variables that can assist in identifying AYA siblings of cancer patients who are at risk and have a greater need for psychosocial assistance. Variables that may be associated with increased distress and unmet needs are reported to assist with future research. The results are also useful in informing the development of targeted psychosocial support for AYA siblings of cancer patients.
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