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Sarana da Silva A, de Campos GM, Altizani GM, de Carvalho E, Barros AC, Cella E, Kashima S, Sampaio SC, Elias MC, Giovanetti M, Scrideli CA, Slavov SN. Utilizing Viral Metagenomics to Characterize Pathogenic and Commensal Viruses in Pediatric Patients with Febrile Neutropenia. Viruses 2025; 17:345. [PMID: 40143275 PMCID: PMC11946616 DOI: 10.3390/v17030345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2025] [Revised: 02/25/2025] [Accepted: 02/26/2025] [Indexed: 03/28/2025] Open
Abstract
Febrile neutropenia (FN) is one of the most common complications in pediatric oncology patients. It has a complex etiologic nature, which in the majority of cases remains unclear. Intervention often follows empirical treatment protocols, mainly using broad-spectrum antibiotics. To evaluate potential viral etiologic agents, this study applied viral metagenomics to paired plasma and oropharyngeal samples obtained from pediatric patients with oncological diseases diagnosed with FN. Metagenomic sequencing was performed on 15 pediatric patients with oncological diseases and FN at the outpatient clinic of Pediatric Oncology at the University Hospital of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. As a control group, we included 15 pediatric patients with oncological diseases in remission or undergoing treatment. Clinically relevant viruses identified by metagenomics in FN patients predominantly included herpesviruses and viruses found in the respiratory tract, like adenoviruses. Direct molecular confirmation was performed on all of them. Anelloviruses, represented by various genera and species in all groups, were also highly prevalent. The data obtained in this study show that viruses might also have possible implications for the etiology of FN. However, due to the complex nature of this disease, more studies are necessary to evaluate their causal relationship. The results obtained in our study may serve to improve patient treatment and ensure adequate management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anielly Sarana da Silva
- Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14051-140, Brazil; (A.S.d.S.); (G.M.d.C.); (S.K.)
| | - Gabriel Montenegro de Campos
- Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14051-140, Brazil; (A.S.d.S.); (G.M.d.C.); (S.K.)
| | - Gabriela Marengone Altizani
- Department of Puericulture and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (G.M.A.); (C.A.S.)
| | - Enéas de Carvalho
- Butantan Institute, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo 05503-001, Brazil; (E.d.C.); (S.C.S.); (M.C.E.)
| | - Alice Chagas Barros
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital of the Faculty of Medicine in Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-030, Brazil;
| | - Eleonora Cella
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA;
| | - Simone Kashima
- Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14051-140, Brazil; (A.S.d.S.); (G.M.d.C.); (S.K.)
| | - Sandra Coccuzzo Sampaio
- Butantan Institute, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo 05503-001, Brazil; (E.d.C.); (S.C.S.); (M.C.E.)
| | - Maria Carolina Elias
- Butantan Institute, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo 05503-001, Brazil; (E.d.C.); (S.C.S.); (M.C.E.)
| | - Marta Giovanetti
- Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Development and One Health, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy;
- Instituto Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Scrideli
- Department of Puericulture and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (G.M.A.); (C.A.S.)
| | - Svetoslav Nanev Slavov
- Butantan Institute, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo 05503-001, Brazil; (E.d.C.); (S.C.S.); (M.C.E.)
- Center for Viral Surveillance and Serological Evaluation (CeVIVas), Butantan Institute, Avenida Vital Brasil 1500, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil
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Daniell H, Guo Y, Singh R, Karki U, Kulchar RJ, Wakade G, Pihlava JM, Khazaei H, Cohen GH. Debulking influenza and herpes simplex virus strains by a wide-spectrum anti-viral protein formulated in clinical grade chewing gum. Mol Ther 2025; 33:184-200. [PMID: 39663701 PMCID: PMC11764783 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 12/06/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Lack of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) vaccine, low vaccination rates of Influenza viruses, waning immunity and viral transmission after vaccination underscore the need to reduce viral loads at their transmission sites. Oral virus transmission is several orders of magnitude higher than nasal transmission. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated neutralization of viruses using a natural viral trap protein (FRIL) formulated in clinical-grade chewing gum. FRIL is highly stable in the lablab bean powder (683 days) and in chewing gum (790 days), and fully functional (794 days) when stored at ambient temperature. They passed the bioburden test with no aerobic bacteria, yeasts/molds, with minimal moisture content (1.28-5.9%). Bean gum extracts trapped HSV-1/HSV-2 75-94% in a dose-dependent manner through virus self-aggregation. Mastication simulator released >50% release of FRIL within 15 min of chewing the bean gum. In plaque reduction assays, >95% neutralization of H1N1 and H3N2 required ∼40 mg/mL, HSV-1 160 mg/mL, and HSV-2 74 mg/mL of bean gum for 1,000 copies/mL virus particles. Therefore, a 2000 mg bean gum tablet has more than adequate potency for clinical evaluation and is safe with no detectable levels of glycosides. These observations augur well for evaluating bean gum in human clinical studies to minimize virus infection/transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Daniell
- Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Yuwei Guo
- Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Uddhab Karki
- Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rachel J Kulchar
- Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Geetanjali Wakade
- Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Hamid Khazaei
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland; Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gary H Cohen
- Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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3
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Zheng T, Jiang L, Li G, Zeng N, Yu B, Duan S, Wang G, Liu Z. Association between human herpes simplex virus and severe headache or migraine among aged 20-49 years: a cross-sectional study. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1476863. [PMID: 39440252 PMCID: PMC11493693 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1476863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Previous studies have shown that human herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection may be associated with the onset of headache or migraine. We aimed to investigate the association between HSV infection and severe headache or migraine. Materials and methods The cross-sectional data on 5,730 participants aged 20-49 years were obtained from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We used weighted logistic regression analysis to assess the association between HSV infection (HSV-1 gG-1 and HSV-2 gG-2) and severe headache or migraine, and performed subgroup analyses. Results Our study found that women, higher education, higher body mass index, better family conditions, smoking and alcohol consumption were all associated with severe headaches or migraines. After adjusting for confounding factors such as sex, age, race, and education, HSV-2 (+) was still significantly associated with severe headache or migraine (OR = 1.22, 95%CI:1.03-1.46, p = 0.0443). In subgroup analyses, we found that participants with HSV-1 (-) and HSV-2 (+) were also significantly associated with severe headache or migraine (OR = 1.41, 95%CI:1.04-1.91, p = 0.0281). Conclusion HSV-2 gG-2(+) was significantly associated with severe headache or migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zheng
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Brain Disease III, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Brain Disease III, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guanglu Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Na Zeng
- Shaodong People's Hospital, Hunan, China
| | - Binyang Yu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shaojie Duan
- Department of Geriatrics, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Zhejiang, China
| | - Gesheng Wang
- Department of Brain Disease III, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zunjing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
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Carvalho AR, da Silva RL, Vieira Neto EC, Carneiro MC, Motta ACF, Campanelli AP, Fischer Rubira CM, da Silva Santos PS. Oral herpes simplex virus infection in patients undergoing chemotherapy - an integrative review. GMS HYGIENE AND INFECTION CONTROL 2024; 19:Doc28. [PMID: 38883407 PMCID: PMC11177226 DOI: 10.3205/dgkh000483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Aim The purpose of this study is to undertake an integrative literature review in order to determine the prevalence, etiology, and reactivation of oral HSV infection in patients receiving chemotherapy (CT). Methods The study was carried out in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Virtual Health Library, and Scopus databases, using the descriptors "Herpes Simplex", "Viral Diseases", "Mouth", and "Antineoplastic Agents". Results The findings suggest that HSV infection is widespread in this group of patients and can be severe. HSV infection is frequent in CT patients, and treatment should begin as soon as it is feasible, utilizing antivirals to avoid future difficulties, as patients are immunocompromised. Conclusion It is critical for health professionals to be fully informed on the dangers and treatment choices available, with the most appropriate therapy for each circumstance. Furthermore, more recent research with acceptable methodological rigor is required to better quantify the prevalence of HSV in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristéa Ribeiro Carvalho
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Renan Lemos da Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Ed Campos Vieira Neto
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo
| | - Mailon Cury Carneiro
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo
| | - Ana Carolina Fragoso Motta
- Department of Stomatology, Public Health and Forensic Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo
| | - Ana Paula Campanelli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Cassia Maria Fischer Rubira
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
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Tynior W, Świętek A, Hudy D, Ilczuk-Rypuła D, Strzelczyk JK. Molecular Detection of HPV, EBV, HSV-1, HCMV, and H. pylori Pathogens: An Evaluation among Polish Children with Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH). Pathogens 2024; 13:345. [PMID: 38668300 PMCID: PMC11054144 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13040345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a congenital disorder of the enamel tissue, characterized by a quantitative deficiency. In childhood, infections such as EBV, HSV-1, HCMV, or H. pylori may occur and cause various diseases. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of HPV, EBV, HSV-1, HCMV, and H. pylori infections in two groups of children: children with molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and a control group, using molecular methods. The study group included 47 children aged between 6-13 years who had been diagnosed with MIH. The control group consisted of 42 children. The study found that, in the MIH group, the prevalence of HPV-16 was 6.38%, HPV-18 was 4.26%, EBV was 31.91%, HSV-1 was 4.26%, HCMV was 4.26%, and H. pylori was 12.77%. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of any of tested pathogens between the study and the control group (p > 0.05). However, the study found a higher prevalence of EBV infection in children who had smallpox/pneumonia by the age of 3 years. Ten children were found to have at least two pathogens present. Moreover, both groups had a high prevalence and activity of EBV. These findings provide new insights into the carriage of pathogens among children with MIH, providing new information for parents, scientists, and healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Tynior
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Agata Świętek
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
- Silesia LabMed Research and Implementation Centre, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Dorota Hudy
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Danuta Ilczuk-Rypuła
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 2 Traugutta Sq, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
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6
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Güneri P, Epstein JB, Bolukbasi G, Spielberger RT. Neutropenic ulcers in oncology: terminology, diagnosis, and management. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:716. [PMID: 37991547 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-08187-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Neutropenic ulcerations are characterized by mucosal ulcerations which occur in the presence of neutropenia, suggesting a direct link between neutropenia and mucosal ulceration. An oral ulcer can be labeled as "neutropenic" only if the patients have primary (typically congenital) or secondary neutropenia, and neutropenia is the sole causative factor. Oral mucosal ulcers observed in patients undergoing oncologic therapy may also be termed as "neutropenic ulcers", but the pathogenesis of these oral ulcers more likely involves mucosal events related to trauma, microbial factors, and direct cytotoxicity. In cancer patients, the early appearance of oral ulcers is often attributed to oral mucositis which is a condition primarily caused by the direct mucosal cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents and radiation therapy. Oral ulcers that develop later during or after active cancer therapy may result from intraoral trauma and typically manifest on non-keratinized areas of the oral mucosa which are more susceptible to mucosal damage. In patients undergoing chemotherapy, factors such as disturbances in mucosal barrier function as well as bone marrow suppression lead to reduced neutrophil count and function, and can contribute to the development of oral ulcers. While the etiology of oral ulcers in cancer therapy receiving patients can vary, it is important to emphasize that the host's response plays a crucial role in the progression and repair process of these lesions. This narrative review presents the etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, and potential management approaches for oral ulcerations in neutropenic patients, with a particular focus on clarifying the usage of the term "neutropenic ulcer" since this term lacks diagnostic specificity and can be misleading in clinical practice regarding the underlying causes and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Güneri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Ege University School of Dentistry, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Joel B Epstein
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Cedars Sinai Health System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gaye Bolukbasi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Ege University School of Dentistry, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Ricardo T Spielberger
- Department of Hematology and Cellular Therapy, City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of BMT, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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de Farias Gabriel A, Silveira FM, Curra M, Schuch LF, Wagner VP, Martins MAT, da Silveira Matte U, Siebert M, Botton MR, Brunetto AT, Gregianin LJ, Martins MD. Risk factors associated with the development of oral mucositis in pediatric oncology patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Dis 2021; 28:1068-1084. [PMID: 33774891 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral mucositis (OM) is an acute toxicity related to cancer treatment. This systematic review aimed to identify potential risk factors associated with the development of OM in pediatric cancer patients. METHODS A search was performed in four electronic databases to identify studies that analyzed risk factors for OM in pediatric cancer patients. RESULTS Nineteen articles were included. The incidence of OM ranged from 20% to 80.4%. Chemotherapeutic agents were potential risk factors for OM in eight (42%) studies. Hematological, hepatic, and renal parameters were also considered in eight (42%) studies, while specific individual factors were reported in five (26.3%) studies. Baseline disease, oral microbiota, genetic profile, and biomarkers were reported in four (21.5%) studies each. Meta-analysis showed that groups submitted to high-risk chemotherapy for OM had a 2.79-fold increased risk of OM. CONCLUSIONS Identifying risk factors for OM is essential in order to allow individualized and early prevention treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda de Farias Gabriel
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe Martins Silveira
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Marina Curra
- Department of Oral Pathology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lauren Frenzel Schuch
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Vivian Petersen Wagner
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Trevizani Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ursula da Silveira Matte
- Molecular and Protein Analysis Unit (UAMP), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marina Siebert
- Molecular and Protein Analysis Unit (UAMP), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mariana Rodrigues Botton
- Molecular and Protein Analysis Unit (UAMP), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Lauro José Gregianin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Porto Alegre Clínicas Hospital (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.,Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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8
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Dayyani F, Tavakolian S, Goudarzi H, Biucki FY, Faghihloo E. Prevalence of HSV, Varicella-Zoster, CMV, EBV and HPV in the oral cavity and the larynx carcinoma in Iran. Future Virol 2021. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2020-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Viral diseases can have roles in oral cavity and larynx carcinoma. However, the relationship between HPV, herpetic infection and these cancers is not clear. Materials & methods: DNA of tissues from oral and larynx carcinoma was extracted and the presence of HPV, HSV-1, HSV-2, EBV, CMV and Varicella Zoster virus was detected. Results: We detected five HSV-1 in oral cavity cancer and two HSV-1 in larynx carcinoma. Also, four and two HPV-positive in oral cavity and larynx carcinoma were found, respectively. There were five HPV type 18 and one HPV type 31. None of our samples were infected with EBV, CMV, HSV-2 and Varicella Zoster virus. Conclusion: A higher prevalence of HPV and HSV-1 in cancerous tissues in comparison with normal ones was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Dayyani
- Human Viral Vaccine Department, Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Shaian Tavakolian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Goudarzi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Yazdani Biucki
- Pathology Department, Amiralam hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Faghihloo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Yap T, Khor S, Kim JS, Kim J, Kim SY, Kern JS, Martyres R, Varigos G, Chan HT, McCullough MJ, Thomas ML, Scardamaglia L. Intraoral human herpes viruses detectable by PCR in majority of patients. Oral Dis 2020; 27:378-387. [PMID: 32609943 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify factors which influence the intraoral prevalence of human herpes viruses (HHVs) using mucosal swabs, saliva samples and qPCR analysis. METHODOLOGY In this cross-sectional observational study, matched saliva and oral swabs were collected from a total of 115 subjects: 70 immunocompetent subjects with no mucosal abnormalities, 22 with mucosal abnormalities and 23 therapeutically immunocompromised individuals. Extracted DNA was analysed by multiplex qPCR for detection and quantification of HHVs 1-6. RESULTS At least one human herpes virus was detected in 77.1% of immunocompetent individuals with no mucosal abnormalities, with EBV the most commonly detected at 61.4%. HHV-6 was detected in 17.1%, HSV-1 in 4.3% and CMV in 1.1%. Detection was higher in saliva than in oral swabs. There was no detection of HSV-2 or VZV. Neither presence of oral mucosal abnormality nor therapeutic immunocompromise was related to increased detection of human herpes virus. CONCLUSION Commensal detection rates of EBV are high, and caution in clinical correlation of positive detection is warranted. Commensal CMV rates are low, and detection is likely to be clinically relevant. This study presents a comprehensive commensal detection rate of HHVs 1-6 by qPCR in saliva and swabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tami Yap
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Dermatology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Shuan Khor
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Jung Seo Kim
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Jaeyoung Kim
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Sung Yun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Johannes S Kern
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Raymond Martyres
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - George Varigos
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Hiu Tat Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Michael J McCullough
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | | | - Laura Scardamaglia
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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10
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Foy JP, Bertolus C, Boutolleau D, Agut H, Gessain A, Herceg Z, Saintigny P. Arguments to Support a Viral Origin of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Non-Smoker and Non-Drinker Patients. Front Oncol 2020; 10:822. [PMID: 32528893 PMCID: PMC7253757 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In some western countries, an increasing incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been observed in non-smoker non-drinker patients (NSND), mostly in women with HPV-negative OSCC. In the context of the unknown etiology and mechanisms of tumorigenesis of OSCC in NSND, we discuss data supporting the hypothesis of a viral origin not related to HPV. OSCC from NSND are characterized by an antiviral DNA methylation and gene expression signature. Based on the similar increasing incidence of oral tongue SCC (OTSCC) and oropharyngeal SCC (OPSCC) in young women and men respectively, we hypothesize that changes in sexual behaviors may lead to an increasing incidence of herpesvirus in the oral cavity, especially HSV-2, similarly to what has already been described in HPV-positive OPSCC. Because viral genome integration has not been detected in OSCC from NSND, a "hit and run" viral mechanism involving epigenome deregulation could therefore play a key role at early steps of oral carcinogenesis in this population of patients. In conclusion, epidemiological, clinical and molecular data supports a "hit and run" viral origin of OSCC from NSND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Foy
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Department of Translational Research and Innovation, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles Foix, Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Paris, France
| | - Chloé Bertolus
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles Foix, Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Paris, France
| | - David Boutolleau
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Centre National de Référence Herpèsvirus, Department of Virology, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Henri Agut
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Centre National de Référence Herpèsvirus, Department of Virology, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Gessain
- Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, CNRS, UMR 3569, Paris, France
| | - Zdenko Herceg
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Saintigny
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Department of Translational Research and Innovation, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
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11
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Ribeiro da Silva VC, da Motta Silveira FM, Barbosa Monteiro MG, da Cruz MMD, Caldas Júnior ADF, Pina Godoy G. Photodynamic therapy for treatment of oral mucositis: Pilot study with pediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 21:115-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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12
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Mäki J, Paavilainen H, Kero K, Hukkanen V, Syrjänen S. Herpes simplex and human papilloma virus coinfections in oral mucosa of men-A 6-year follow-up study. J Med Virol 2017; 90:564-570. [PMID: 28975630 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) establishes latency in neurons and recurrent infections in oral mucosa. This prospective study analyzes HSV prevalence in oral mucosal brush samples from men with known human papillomavirus (HPV) status. We hypothesized that HSV-1-infection could facilitate HPV persistence as a cofactor. This study was a part of the Finnish Family HPV study accomplished at the University of Turku/Turku University Hospital, Finland. A total of 139 men (mean age 28.6 ± 4.9 years) were enrolled at 36+-weeks of their partner's pregnancy and thereafter followed-up for 6 years. Altogether, 722 samples, extracted from oral brush samples collected at the enrollment timepoint (baseline) and at 2-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 36-month, and 6 years, were available. HSV DNA was analyzed with quantitative PCR. HSV-1 results were compared with the known HPV data. The prevalence of oral HSV-1 shedding varied between 0-7.2% (mean 2.8%) among the men. Mean copy numbers varied between 4 and 550 genome copies/sample. A total of 18 (12.9%) men were found HSV-1-positive at least once, two of them twice. Neither smoking nor oral sex was associated with the oral HSV-1-DNA finding. HPV/HSV-1 co-infection was found in 6 (4.3%) men, all of them having persistent HPV-infection. In conclusion, HSV-1 and its coinfection with HPV in oral mucosa was rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Mäki
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Oral Pathology, Institute of Dentistry, and Medicity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Finnish Doctoral Programme in Oral Sciences, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Henrik Paavilainen
- Department of Virology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Drug Research Doctoral Programme, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Katja Kero
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Veijo Hukkanen
- Department of Virology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Stina Syrjänen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Oral Pathology, Institute of Dentistry, and Medicity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Turku University hospital, Turku, Finland
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13
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Risk factors for herpes simplex virus-1/2 viremia and clinical outcomes following unmanipulated haploidentical haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. J Clin Virol 2017; 95:20-25. [PMID: 28837858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1/2 can still be reactivated after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) even when the prophylactic acyclovir is used. However, the risk factors for HSV-1/2 viremia and the clinical outcomes following unmanipulated haploidentical HSCT remain unknown. OBJECTIVES AND STUDY DESIGN Nineteen patients with HSV-1/2 viremia and fifty-seven patients without HSV-1/2 viremia which were selected using the case-pair method after undergoing haploidentical HSCT were enrolled. We analysed the risk factors for HSV-1/2 viremia and compared the clinical outcomes between the two groups. RESULTS The risk factors for HSV-1/2 viremia included HLA disparity ≥2 loci (p=0.049) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation (p=0.028). The incidences of platelet engraftment, oral mucositis and severe haemorrhagic cystitis (HC) in patients with and without HSV-1/2 viremia were 77% and 94% (p=0.003), 78% and 13% (p=0.000), and 25% and 6% (p=0.04), respectively. Moreover, the median time to platelet engraftment in patients with and without HSV-1/2 viremia was +25days (range, +11-+80) and +17days (range, +8-+67) (p=0.004), respectively. According to the multivariate analyses, HSV-1/2 viremia was associated with delayed platelet engraftment (p=0.038), a higher incidence of oral mucositis (p=0.000) and severe HC (p=0.038). However, HSV-1/2 viremia was not associated with non-relapse mortality (34.0% vs. 31.5%, p=0.26), leukaemia-free survival (60.9% vs. 57.9%, p=0.46) and overall survival (61.2% vs. 60.7%, p=0.37). CONCLUSIONS Based on our study results, we recommend that HSV-1/2 PCR should be performed upon clinical suspicion of HSV-1/2 infection.
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Mendonça RMHD, Araújo MD, Levy CE, Morari J, Silva RA, Yunes JA, Brandalise SR. Oral Mucositis in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients: Evaluation of Microbiological and Hematological Factors. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2016; 32:322-30. [PMID: 26086683 DOI: 10.3109/08880018.2015.1034819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to investigate the associations of oral microbiota, leucocytes count, neutrophil count, platelet counts and hemoglobin level, and the severity of oral mucositis in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) receiving chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS 71 prospective patients were included. Analyses of oral microbiota and blood sample were conducted on days 14 (D14) and 56 (D56) of the Brazilian GBTLI-99 treatment protocol. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) identification was performed by PCR followed by DNA sequencing analysis. Bacteria and fungi identification was obtained by standard microbiological culture tests. RESULTS 103 episodes of mucositis occurred, being 65 at D14 and 38 at D56. Most cases positive for herpes viral DNA sequences were identified as HSV-1. At D14, we found a significant association between the severity of mucositis and presence of HSV-1 (p = 0.0347), Candida spp. (p = 0.0078), and low platelet count (p = 0.0064). At D56, we found a significant association between the severity of mucositis and the presence of HSV-1 (p = 0.0317), previous HSV-1 presence on D14 (p < 0.0001) and neutrophil count (p = 0.0211). CLINICAL RELEVANCE the identification of risk factors for mucositis in children and adolescents may contribute to the development of new strategies for prevention and/or treatment, reducing the complications associated with this condition. CONCLUSIONS the presence of HSV, platelet count, and Candida spp. presence at D14 of ALL induction treatment is associated with increased severity of mucositis in children and adolescents. At D56 of ALL treatment, mucositis severity was associated with neutrophil count, HSV presence, and previous presence of HSV (at D14).
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