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Cao D, Qin S, Mu Y, Zhong M. The role of MRP1 in the multidrug resistance of colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2471-2476. [PMID: 28454422 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of multidrug resistance associated protein 1 (MRP1) in the multidrug resistance (MDR) of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of MRP1 in MDR CRC and its therapeutic potential for the treatment of patients with this disease. The human MDR CRC cell lines HCT-8 and Colo205 were established through stable exposure to 5-florouracil (5-FU) over a 5-month period. MRP1 was knocked-down in MDR CRC cells through the transfection of short hairpin RNA targeting MRP1 (shMRP1). Western blotting was performed to assess the efficiency of this silencing. MTT and apoptosis assays were conducted to detect cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Compared with their parental cells, HCT-8/5-FU and Colo205/5-FU cells were 23.1 and 15.8 times more resistant to 5-FU, and 17.2 and 20.9 times more resistant oxaliplatin, respectively. The knockdown of MRP1 resulted in the attenuation of the MDR phenotype through the induction of apoptosis. The shMRP1-transfected Colo205/5-FU cells were injected subcutaneously into the right scapular region of BALB/c nude mice and tumor size was measured for 15 days post-injection. This in vivo experiment demonstrated that MRP1 knockdown inhibited tumor growth. On the 9, 12 and 15th day post-injection, tumor volume in the shMRP1-transfected Colo205/5-FU cell-injected group was significantly lower compared with that in the Colo205/5-FU cell-injected group (day 9, 2.1±0.8 vs. 6.9±1.9 mm3, P=0.009; day 12, 3.1±1.4 vs. 14.3±4.0 mm3, P=0.008; day 15, 4.8±2.7 vs. 21.3±3.4 mm3; all P<0.001). These results demonstrate that MRP1 serves a role in the MDR phenotype of CRC through inhibiting apoptosis and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for inhibition, which would increase the efficacy of other chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxing Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Shaolan Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Yifei Mu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
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Micsik T, Lőrincz A, Mersich T, Baranyai Z, Besznyák I, Dede K, Zaránd A, Jakab F, Szöllösi LK, Kéri G, Schwab R, Peták I. Decreased functional activity of multidrug resistance protein in primary colorectal cancer. Diagn Pathol 2015; 10:26. [PMID: 25885226 PMCID: PMC4415444 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-015-0264-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC)-transporter MultiDrug Resistance Protein 1 (MDR1) and Multidrug Resistance Related Protein 1 (MRP1) are expressed on the surface of enterocytes, which has led to the belief that these high capacity transporters are responsible for modulating chemosensitvity of colorectal cancer. Several immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) studies have provided controversial results in regards to the expression levels of these two ABC-transporters in colorectal cancer. Our study was designed to determine the yet uninvestigated functional activity of MDR1 and MRP1 transporters in normal human enterocytes compared to colorectal cancer cells from surgical biopsies. Methods 100 colorectal cancer and 28 adjacent healthy mucosa samples were obtained by intraoperative surgical sampling. Activity of MDR1 and MRP1 of viable epithelial and cancer cells were determined separately with the modified calcein-assay for multidrug resistance activity and sufficient data of 73 cancer and 11 healthy mucosa was analyzed statistically. Results Significantly decreased mean MDR1 activity was found in primary colorectal cancer samples compared to normal mucosa, while mean MRP1 activity showed no significant change. Functional activity was not affected by gender, age, stage or grade and localization of the tumor. Conclusion We found lower MDR activity in cancer cells versus adjacent, apparently, healthy control tissue, thus, contrary to general belief, MDR activity seems not to play a major role in primary drug resistance, but might rather explain preferential/selective activity of Irinotecan and/or Oxaliplatin. Still, this picture might be more complex since chemotherapy by itself might alter MDR activity, and furthermore, today limited data is available about MDR activity of cancer stem cells in colorectal cancers. Virtual slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1675739129145824
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Micsik
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085, Budapest, Hungary. .,Rational Drug Design Laboratories, Cooperative Research Center, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - András Lőrincz
- Rational Drug Design Laboratories, Cooperative Research Center, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085, Budapest, Hungary. .,Hungarian Academy of Sciences,Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biological Nanochemistry, Pusztaszeri út 59-67, 1025, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Tamás Mersich
- Department of Surgery and Vascular Surgery, Uzsoki Teaching Hospital, Uzsoki street 29, H-1145, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Zsolt Baranyai
- Tumorgenetika Human Biospecimen Collection and Research, Kerékgyártó u. 36-38, H-1147, Budapest, Hungary. .,1st Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 78, 1082, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - István Besznyák
- Department of Surgery and Vascular Surgery, Uzsoki Teaching Hospital, Uzsoki street 29, H-1145, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Kristóf Dede
- Department of Surgery and Vascular Surgery, Uzsoki Teaching Hospital, Uzsoki street 29, H-1145, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Attila Zaránd
- Department of Surgery and Vascular Surgery, Uzsoki Teaching Hospital, Uzsoki street 29, H-1145, Budapest, Hungary. .,1st Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 78, 1082, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Ferenc Jakab
- Department of Surgery and Vascular Surgery, Uzsoki Teaching Hospital, Uzsoki street 29, H-1145, Budapest, Hungary.
| | | | - György Kéri
- Rational Drug Design Laboratories, Cooperative Research Center, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085, Budapest, Hungary. .,MTA-SE Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Department of Medical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, H-1094, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Richard Schwab
- Rational Drug Design Laboratories, Cooperative Research Center, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085, Budapest, Hungary. .,KPS Medical Biotechnology and Healthcare Services Ltd., Retek utca. 34, H-1022, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - István Peták
- Rational Drug Design Laboratories, Cooperative Research Center, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, H-1085, Budapest, Hungary. .,MTA-SE Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Department of Medical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, H-1094, Budapest, Hungary. .,KPS Medical Biotechnology and Healthcare Services Ltd., Retek utca. 34, H-1022, Budapest, Hungary.
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Paduch R, Jakubowicz-Gil J, Kandefer-Szerszen M. Expression of HSP27, HSP72 and MRP proteins in in vitro co-culture of colon tumour cell spheroids with normal cells after incubation with rhTGF- beta1 and/or CPT-11. J Biosci 2010; 34:927-40. [PMID: 20093746 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-009-0107-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We studied the expression of inducible heat shock protein (HSP27, HSP72) and multidrug-resistance protein (MRP) in co-cultures of human colon carcinoma cell spheroids obtained from different grades of tumour with normal human colon epithelium, myofibroblast and endothelial cell monolayers. We also measured the influence of recombinant human transforming growth factor beta1 (rhTGF-beta1) and camptothecin (CPT-11), added as single agents or in combination, on the levels of the HSPs, MRP, interleukin (IL)-6 and nitric oxide (NO). An immunoblotting analysis with densitometry showed that rhTGF-beta1 and/or CPT-11 increased HSP27, HSP72 and MRP expression in tumour cells and myofibroblasts, as well as in co-cultures compared with appropriate controls. By contrast, in colonic epithelium, inhibition of HSPs and MRP was comparable with that of the control. In endothelial cells, HSP72 was undetectable. Direct interaction of colon tumour spheroids with normal myofibroblasts caused a significant, tumour-grade dependent increase in IL-6 production. Production of IL-6 was significantly lowered by rhTGF-beta1 and/or CPT-11. Tumour cell spheroids cultivated alone produced larger amounts of NO than normal cells. In co-culture, the level of the radical decreased compared with the sum of NO produced by the monocultures of the two types of cells. rhTGF-beta1 and/or CPT-11 decreased NO production both in tumour and normal cell monocultures and their co-cultures. In conclusion, direct interactions between tumour and normal cells influence the expression of HSP27, HSP72 and MRP, and alter IL-6 and NO production. rhTGF-beta1 and/or CPT-11 may potentate resistance to chemotherapy by increasing HSP and MRP expression but, on the other hand, they may limit tumour cell spread by decreasing the level of some soluble mediators of inflammation (IL-6 and NO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Paduch
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
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