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Peng L, Li P, Chen J, Deng A, Li J. Recent progress in assembly strategies of nanomaterials-based ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence biosensors for food safety and disease diagnosis. Talanta 2023; 253:123906. [PMID: 36122432 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Electrochemiluminescence (ECL)-based biosensors have received considerable attention in food contaminants and disease diagnosis, due to their fascinating advantages such as low cost, fast analysis speed, wide linear range, high sensitivity, and excellent anti-interference ability. Meanwhile, with the vigorous development and improvement of nanotechnology, biosensor assembly strategies tend to diversify and be multifunctional. This review focuses on the representative ECL biosensors in food safety and disease diagnosis reported by our research group and other research groups based on nanomaterials assembly strategies in recent years. According to the different roles of nanomaterials played in the constitution of ECL biosensors, nanomaterials would be divided into the following two categories to be summarized: (1) Nanomaterials for signal amplification. (2) Nanomaterials as ECL emitters. Finally, this review prospects the perspectives on the future development direction of ECL biosensor in food safety and disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Peng
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Jia Chen
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Anping Deng
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
| | - Jianguo Li
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
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2
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Luo L, Pan Y, Li Q, Zhang Y, Chen C, Shen J, Wang Z. Current progress in the detection of adrenergic receptor agonist residues in animal-derived foods. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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3
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Ouyang S, Yu S, Le Y. Current Advances in Immunoassays for the Detection of β2-Agonists. Foods 2022; 11:foods11060803. [PMID: 35327226 PMCID: PMC8947354 DOI: 10.3390/foods11060803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
β2-agonists are a group of synthetic phenylethanolamine compounds which are traditionally used for treating bronchospasm. These compounds can also increase skeletal muscle mass and decrease body fat. The illegal use of β2-agonists in food-producing animals results in residue of β2-agonists in edible tissues and causes adverse health effects in humans. Thus, the detection of β2-agonists at trace level in complex sample matrices is of great importance for monitoring the abuse of β2-agonists. Many methods have been developed to detect β2-agonists. Among them, a variety of antigen–antibody interaction-based techniques have been established to detect β2-agonists in various samples, including animal feed, urine, serum, milk, tissues and hair. In this review, we summarized current achievement in the extraction of β2-agonists from testing samples and detection of β2-agonists using immunological techniques. Future perspectives were briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Ouyang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (S.O.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shuting Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (S.O.); (S.Y.)
| | - Yingying Le
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (S.O.); (S.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100021, China
- Correspondence:
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4
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Electrochemical Discrimination of Salbutamol from Its Excipients in Ventolin TM at Nanoporous Gold Microdisc Arrays. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21123975. [PMID: 34207616 PMCID: PMC8226559 DOI: 10.3390/s21123975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of specific drug–device combination products in the inhalable pharmaceutical industry demands more sophistication of device functionality in the form of an embedded sensing platform to increase patient safety and extend patent coverage. Controlling the nebuliser function at a miniaturised, integrated electrochemical sensing platform with rapid response time and supporting novel algorithms could deliver such a technology offering. Development of a nanoporous gold (NPG) electrochemical sensor capable of creating a unique fingerprint signal generated by inhalable pharmaceuticals provided the impetus for our study of the electrooxidation of salbutamol, which is the active bronchodilatory ingredient in VentolinTM formulations. It was demonstrated that, at NPG-modified microdisc electrode arrays, salbutamol is distinguishable from the chloride excipient present at 0.0154 M using linear sweep voltammetry and can be detected amperometrically. In contrast, bare gold microdisc electrode arrays cannot afford such discrimination, as the potential for salbutamol oxidation and chloride adsorption reactions overlap. The discriminative power of NPG originates from the nanoconfinement effect for chloride in the internal pores of NPG, which selectively enhances the electron transfer kinetics of this more sluggish reaction relative to that of the faster, diffusion-controlled salbutamol oxidation. Sensing was performed at a fully integrated three-electrode cell-on-chip using Pt as a quasi-reference electrode.
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Xiao X, Hu S, Lai X, Peng J, Lai W. Developmental trend of immunoassays for monitoring hazards in food samples: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zhang J, Wei Y, Qiu S, Xiong Y. A highly selective and simple fluorescent probe for salbutamol detection based on thioglycolic acid-capped CdTe quantum dots. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 247:119107. [PMID: 33166780 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a highly fluorescent water-soluble CdTe quantum dots (CdTe QDs) stabilized with thioglycolic acid (TGA) were synthesized for the quantitative and selective determination of salbutamol (SAL). When ten different of 2.09 × 10-6 mol L-1 alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist were added to 4.38 × 10-4 mol L-1CdTe QDs solution, the fluorescence signal of the CdTe QDs quenched obviously by SAL with 57.32% and 0.815% - 7.00% for other nine kinds of veterinary medicine, such as tulobuterol, fenoterol, phenylethanamine A, simatero, penbutolol, clenbuterol, ractopamine, terbutaline and clorprenaline. The result shows that the CdTe QDs is highly sensitive sensor for SAL. The quenching mechanism has been investigated by absorption spectroscopy and KSV at different temperatures, and shew a static quenching process than dynamic quenching. Under the optimal conditions, respectively the straight line equation (F0/F = 0.1491 × 106 C + 1.3078) was found between the relative fluorescence intensity and the concentration of SAL was in the range of 6.27 × 10-8 to 2.09 × 10-7 mol L-1, and the limit of detection was 4.2 × 10-8 mol L-1. The proposed method has been applied to the determination of SAL in pig urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Zhang
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, PR China; Laboratory of Quality Institute & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock and Poultry Products (Nanchang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanchang 330200, PR China
| | - Yihua Wei
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, PR China; Laboratory of Quality Institute & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock and Poultry Products (Nanchang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanchang 330200, PR China
| | - Suyan Qiu
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, PR China; Laboratory of Quality Institute & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock and Poultry Products (Nanchang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanchang 330200, PR China.
| | - Yan Xiong
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, PR China; Laboratory of Quality Institute & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock and Poultry Products (Nanchang, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanchang 330200, PR China
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Li G, Zhang X, Zheng F, Liu J, Wu D. Emerging nanosensing technologies for the detection of β-agonists. Food Chem 2020; 332:127431. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Husain RA, Barman SR, Chatterjee S, Khan I, Lin ZH. Enhanced biosensing strategies using electrogenerated chemiluminescence: recent progress and future prospects. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:3192-3212. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02578b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An overview of enhancement strategies for highly sensitive ECL-based sensing of bioanalytes enabling early detection of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashaad A. Husain
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013
- Taiwan
| | - Snigdha Roy Barman
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013
- Taiwan
| | - Subhodeep Chatterjee
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013
- Taiwan
| | - Imran Khan
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013
- Taiwan
| | - Zong-Hong Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013
- Taiwan
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering
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Yang H, Xu W, Zhou Y. Signal amplification in immunoassays by using noble metal nanoparticles: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:859. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3904-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Electrochemiluminescent immunoassay for neuron specific enolase by using amino-modified reduced graphene oxide loaded with N-doped carbon quantum dots. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:817. [PMID: 31749073 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3986-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence based sandwich immunoassay is presented for determination of neuron specific enolase. The method uses silver-cysteine nanowires as the capture probe and a composite made of amino-modified reduced graphene oxide and nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots as the signal probe. It was synthesized by covalent coupling of amino-modified reduced graphene oxide to the carboxy groups of nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots. The nanowires possess a large specific surface and abundant functional groups which facilitate immobilizing the primary antibody (Ab1). The amino-modified reduced graphene oxide is employed as a carrier for loading a large number of the quantum dots and secondary antibody (Ab2). This increases the electrochemiluminescence intensity of quantum dots. Response to neuron specific enolase is linear in the 0.55 fg·mL-1 to 5.5 ng·mL-1 concentration range. It has a detection limit of 0.18 fg·mL-1 (at S/N = 3). The relative standard deviation (for n = 6) is less than 2.9%. The assay is highly sensitive, reproducible, selective and stable. Graphical abstractA novel electrochemiluminescence immunosensor is described that uses amino-modified reduced graphene oxide (amino-rGO), nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) and silver-cysteine nanowires (SCNWs). It was applied to the determination of neuron specific enolase (NSE). Bovine serum albumin: BSA;1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide: (EDC;, N-hydroxysuccinimide: NHS.
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Fang S, Zhang Y, Liu X, Qiu J, Liu Z, Kong F. Development of a highly sensitive time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay for the determination of trace salbutamol in environmental samples. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 679:359-364. [PMID: 31085415 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Veterinary drug residues have become a major source of environmental pollutants. To monitor trace salbutamol (SAL) in the environment, a highly sensitive and reliable time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) was developed. Under the optimum parameters, the half-maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) and the limit of detection (LOD, IC10) were determined to be 0.08 μg/L and 0.66 ng/L with a linear range (IC20 - IC80) of 0.0028-2.25 μg/L for SAL. The IC50 and LOD of the TRFIA improved approximately 5-fold and 31-fold, respectively, when compared with our previously reported ELISA data. When compared to most other conventional methods, the TRFIA also showed an excellent sensitivity and accuracy for the detection of SAL. Recoveries from 83.4 to 111.3% and standard deviations (RSDs) from 3.9 to 14.0% were observed in various environmental SAL-spiked samples, including river water, paddy water, livestock wastewater, vegetable field soil and rice paddy soil. In addition, the developed TRFIA showed largely consistent with analytic results from UPLC-MS/MS (R2 = 0.9825, n = 15). These results suggest that the proposed TRFIA can be applied as a sensitive and reliable monitoring method to detect trace SAL in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Fang
- Laboratory of Tobacco Quality and Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- Laboratory of Tobacco Quality and Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Laboratory of Tobacco Quality and Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jun Qiu
- Laboratory of Tobacco Quality and Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Zhenjiang Liu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Fanyu Kong
- Laboratory of Tobacco Quality and Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
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12
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Carl P, Ramos II, Segundo MA, Schneider RJ. Antibody conjugation to carboxyl-modified microspheres through N-hydroxysuccinimide chemistry for automated immunoassay applications: A general procedure. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218686. [PMID: 31242246 PMCID: PMC6594677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunochemical techniques are the workhorse for sample enrichment and detection of a large variety of analytes. In contrast to classical microtiter plate-based assays, microparticles are a next generation solid support, as they promote automation of immunoassays using flow-based techniques. Antibody immobilization is a crucial step, as these reagents are expensive, and inefficient coupling can result in low sensitivities. This paper proposes a general procedure for efficient immobilization of antibodies onto TentaGel particles, via N-hydroxysuccinimide chemistry. The goal was the preparation of solid supports with optimum immunorecognition, while increasing the sustainability of the process. The influence of buffer composition, activation and coupling time, as well as the amount of antibody on the immobilization efficiency was investigated, resorting to fluorophore-labeled proteins and fluorescence imaging. Buffer pH and activation time are the most important parameters for efficient coupling. It is demonstrated, that the hydrolysis of N-hydroxysuccinimide esters occurs at similar rates as in solution, limiting the utilizable time for coupling. Finally, applicability of the generated material for automated affinity extraction is demonstrated on the mesofluidic platform lab-on-valve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Carl
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inês I. Ramos
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marcela A. Segundo
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rudolf J. Schneider
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
- Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Wang C, Tang Q, Zhao K, Deng A, Li J. Peroxydisulfate/oxygen system-based electrochemiluminescent immunosensing of Hg2+ using Pt/Pd nanodendrites-thiosemicarbazide/norfloxacin as a signal enhancer. Analyst 2019; 144:1590-1599. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an02386g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we described a competitive-type ECL strategy for Hg2+ detection based on S2O82−/O2 system by using Pt/Pd nanodendrites-thiosemicarbazide/norfloxacin covered gold nanoparticles (Pt/Pd-TNG50) as signal enhancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering & Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Qinghui Tang
- Suzhou Industrial Park QingYuan Hong Kong & China Water Co. Ltd
- Suzhou 215000
- China
| | - Kang Zhao
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering & Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Anping Deng
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering & Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Jianguo Li
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering & Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
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14
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Highly sensitive immunochromatographic assay for qualitative and quantitative control of beta-agonist salbutamol and its structural analogs in foods. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Chen W, Zhou R, Yao X, Zhao K, Deng A, Li J. Sensitive detection of enrofloxacin using an electrochemiluminescence immunosensor based on gold-functionalized C60 and Au@BSA nanoflowers. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj02764a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel competitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor based on CdSe quantum dots was developed for the detection of enrofloxacin (Enro).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlu Chen
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering & Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Rong Zhou
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering & Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Xun Yao
- Zhangjiagang Entry-Exit Inspection & Quarantine Bureau
- Zhangjiagang
- China
| | - Kang Zhao
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering & Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Anping Deng
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering & Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Jianguo Li
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering & Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
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