Synthesis, characterization, and biological activity of some transition metal complexes with Schiff base ligands derived from 4-amino-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol and salicaldehyde

A review: Pharmacological aspects of metal based 1,2,4-triazole derived Schiff bases

Clinical reports have highlighted the radical increase of antibiotic resistance. As a result, multidrug resistance has emerged as a serious threat to human health. Many organic compounds commonly used as drugs in the past, no longer have pure organic mode of action rather need bio-transformation or more activation. Bulk of research has shown that they need trace amount of metal ions incorporated within the chemistry of bioactive molecules for enhancement of their potentiality to fight aggressively against resistance. The deficiency of some metal ions can also be responsible for many diseases like growth retardation, pernicious anemia and heart diseases in infants. To overcome these problems, there is a need to introduce novel strategies which have new mechanism of action along with significant spectrum of biological activity, enhanced safety and efficacy. Bioinorganic compounds have played imperative role in developing the new strategy in the form of "Metal Based Drugs". In current years there have been momentous rise of interest in the application of metal based Schiff base compounds to treat various diseases which are difficult to be treated with conventional methodologies. The unique properties of metal chelates acting as an intermediate between conventional organic and inorganic compounds provided innovative opportunities in the field of pharmaceutical chemistry. In this review, we have exclusively focused on the search of metal based 1,2,4-triazole derived Schiff base compounds (synthesized, reported and reviewed in the past ten years) that possess various biological activities such as antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anthelmintic, anticancer, antiproliferative, cytotoxic and DNA-intercalation activity.

Transition metal complexes of neocryptolepine analogues. Part I: synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and invitro anticancer activity of copper(II) complexes

New generation of copper(II) complexes with aminoalkylaminoneocryptolepine as bidentate ligands has been synthesized and it is characterized by elemental analyses, magnetic moment, spectra (IR, UV-Vis, (1)H NMR and ESR) and thermal studies. The IR data suggest the coordination modes for ligands which behave as a bidentate with copper(II) ion. Based on the elemental analysis, magnetic studies, electronic and ESR data, binuclear square planar geometry was proposed for complexes 7a, 7b, square pyramidal for 9a, 9b and octahedral for 8a, 8b, 10a, 10b. The molar conductance in DMF solution indicates that all complexes are electrolyte except 7a and 7b. The ESR spectra of solid copper(II) complexes in powder form showed an axial symmetry with (2)B1g as a ground state and hyperfine structure. The thermal stability and degradation of the ligands and their metal complexes were studied employing DTA and TG methods. The metal-free ligands and their copper(II) complexes were tested for their in vitro anticancer activity against human colon carcinoma (HT-29). The results showed that the synthesized copper(II) complexes exhibited higher anticancer activity than their free ligands. Of all the studied copper(II) complexes, the bromo-substituted complex 9b exhibited high anticancer activity at low micromolar inhibitory concentrations (IC50=0.58μM), compared to the other complexes and the free ligands.

Spectroscopic and density functional theory investigation of novel Schiff base complexes

Novel Schiff base (H(2)L, 1,2-bis[(2-(2-mercaptophenylimino)methyl)phenoxy] ethane) derived from condensation of bisaldehyde and 2-aminothiophenol was prepared in a molar ratio 1:2. The ligand and its metal complexes are fully characterized with analytical and spectroscopic techniques. The metal complexes with Cr(III), Mn(II), Fe(III), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Th(IV) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analyses, IR and (1)H-NMR spectroscopy, thermal and magnetic measurements. The results suggested that the Schiff base is a bivalent anion with hexadentate OONNSS donors derived from the etheric oxygen (O, O'), azomethine nitrogen (N, N') and thiophenolic sulphur (S, S'). The formulae of the complexes were found to be [ML]·xH(2)O (M=Mn(II) (x=0), Co(II) (x=1), Ni(II), (x=1), Cu(II) (x=2) and Zn(II) (x=0)) and [ML]·nCl (M=Cr(III) (n=1), Fe(III) (n=1) and Th(IV) (n=2)). The thermogravimetric analysis of the complexes shows metal oxide remaining as the final product at 700-1000 °C. Density functional theory at the B3LYP/6-31G(*) level of theory was used to investigate molecular geometry, Mulliken atomic charges and energetics. The synclinal-conformer was found to be responsible for complex formation. The calculation showed that ligand has weak field. Structural deformation and the dihedral angles rotation during complexation were investigated. The binding energy of each complex was calculated. The calculated results are in good agreement with experimental data.