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Fine SL, Blum RW, Bass JK, Lulebo AM, Pinandari AW, Stones W, Wilopo SA, Zuo X, Musci RJ. A latent class approach to understanding patterns of emotional and behavioral problems among early adolescents across four low- and middle-income countries. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:1684-1700. [PMID: 35635213 PMCID: PMC9708939 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422000384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Early adolescents (ages 10-14) living in low- and middle-income countries have heightened vulnerability to psychosocial risks, but available evidence from these settings is limited. This study used data from the Global Early Adolescent Study to characterize prototypical patterns of emotional and behavioral problems among 10,437 early adolescents (51% female) living in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Malawi, Indonesia, and China, and explore the extent to which these patterns varied by country and sex. LCA was used to identify and classify patterns of emotional and behavioral problems separately by country. Within each country, measurement invariance by sex was evaluated. LCA supported a four-class solution in DRC, Malawi, and Indonesia, and a three-class solution in China. Across countries, early adolescents fell into the following subgroups: Well-Adjusted (40-62%), Emotional Problems (14-29%), Behavioral Problems (15-22%; not present in China), and Maladjusted (4-15%). Despite the consistency of these patterns, there were notable contextual differences. Further, tests of measurement invariance indicated that the prevalence and nature of these classes differed by sex. Findings can be used to support the tailoring of interventions targeting psychosocial adjustment, and suggest that such programs may have utility across diverse cross-national settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoshanna L. Fine
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert W. Blum
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Judith K. Bass
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aimée M. Lulebo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kinshasa School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Anggriyani W. Pinandari
- Center for Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - William Stones
- Center for Reproductive Health, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Siswanto A. Wilopo
- Center for Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Xiayun Zuo
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rashelle J. Musci
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Oncioiu SI, Boivin M, Geoffroy MC, Arseneault L, Galéra C, Navarro MC, Brendgen M, Vitaro F, Tremblay RE, Côté SM, Orri M. Mental health comorbidities following peer victimization across childhood and adolescence: a 20-year longitudinal study. Psychol Med 2023; 53:2072-2084. [PMID: 34689845 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721003822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peer victimization is associated with a wide range of mental health problems in youth, yet few studies described its association with mental health comorbidities. METHODS To test the association between peer victimization timing and intensity and mental health comorbidities, we used data from 1216 participants drawn from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development, a population-based birth cohort. Peer victimization was self-reported at ages 6-17 years, and modeled as four trajectory groups: low, childhood-limited, moderate adolescence-emerging, and high-chronic. The outcomes were the number and the type of co-occurring self-reported mental health problems at age 20 years. Associations were estimated using negative binomial and multinomial logistic regression models and adjusted for parent, family, and child characteristics using propensity score inverse probability weights. RESULTS Youth in all peer victimization groups had higher rates of co-occurring mental health problems and higher likelihood of comorbid internalizing-externalizing problems [odds ratios ranged from 2.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.52-2.79 for childhood-limited to 4.34, 95% CI 3.15-5.98 for high-chronic victimization] compared to those in the low victimization group. The strength of these associations was highest for the high-chronic group, followed by moderate adolescence-emerging and childhood-limited groups. All groups also presented higher likelihood of internalizing-only problems relative to the low peer victimization group. CONCLUSIONS Irrespective of timing and intensity, self-reported peer victimization was associated with mental health comorbidities in young adulthood, with the strongest associations observed for high-chronic peer victimization. Tackling peer victimization, especially when persistent over time, could play a role in reducing severe and complex mental health problems in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sînziana I Oncioiu
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Marie-Claude Geoffroy
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Cédric Galéra
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie C Navarro
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Richard E Tremblay
- University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sylvana M Côté
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Massimiliano Orri
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
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Peer Support and Exercise Adherence in Adolescents: The Chain-Mediated Effects of Self-Efficacy and Self-Regulation. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10020401. [PMID: 36832530 PMCID: PMC9955246 DOI: 10.3390/children10020401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
In the context of exercise psychology, the mediating relationship between peer support, self-efficacy and self-regulation, and adolescents' exercise adherence was to be explored. METHODS A questionnaire was distributed among 2200 teenagers from twelve middle schools in Shanghai. The "process" program in SPSS and the bootstrap method were applied to construct and analyze the direct and indirect effects of peer support on adolescents' exercise adherence. RESULTS Peer support directly affected adolescents' exercise adherence (β = 0.135, p < 0.001, effect size of 59%) and self-efficacy (β = 0.493, p < 0.001, effect size accounted for 42%), and self-regulation (β = -0.184, p < 0.001, effect size of 11%) influenced exercise adherence indirectly. In addition, self-efficacy and self-regulation could impose a chain-mediated effect on peer support and exercise adherence (effect size of 6%). CONCLUSION Peer support could promote adolescents' exercise adherence. Self-efficacy and self-regulation are mediating factors of peer support on exercise adherence in teenagers, self-regulation as well as self-efficacy-imposed chain-mediating effects on peer support and adolescents' exercise adherence.
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Reactive and Proactive Aggression among Children and Adolescents: A Latent Profile Analysis and Latent Transition Analysis. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9111733. [DOI: 10.3390/children9111733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore children’s and adolescents’ profiles of reactive and proactive aggression and the stability of those profiles over a six-month period using latent profile analysis (LPA) and latent transition analysis (LTA). Data were collected at two measurement points from a sample of N = 1468 children and adolescents aged from 9 to 18 years. Results of LPA revealed three distinct profiles, labeled as “Severe Reactively and Proactively Aggressive (S-RA-PA)”, “Highly Reactively and Proactively Aggressive” (H-RA-PA), and “Moderately Low Reactively and Proactively Aggressive” (M-RA-PA). All profiles appeared to be relatively stable over six months, supporting their within-sample consistency. The most stable and largest profile was the “M-RA-PA” profile, while the least stable and smallest profile was the “S-RA-PA” profile. However, there was also some within-person variability in children’s and adolescents’ profile membership because almost 40–50% of the participants of the “S-RA-PA” and “H-RA-PA” profiles transitioned to another profile across six months. In contrast, more than 90% of the participants of the “M-RA-PA” profile remained in their profile. These results provide a dynamic picture of children’s and adolescents’ development of reactive and proactive aggression and bear several implications from a short longitudinal person-oriented perspective.
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5
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Xiong Y, Wei Y, Wang Y, Zhang H, Yang L, Ren P. Self-harm and Aggression in Chinese Early Adolescents: Their Co-occurrence and the Role of Bullying Victimization. J Youth Adolesc 2022; 51:2008-2017. [PMID: 35503194 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01620-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Self-harm and aggression increase markedly during early adolescence. However, few studies considered these harmful behaviors simultaneously. This study employed a person-centered approach to identify profiles of adolescents who differed in their patterns of self-harm, reactive aggression, and proactive aggression, examined the stability of these patterns, and explored the effect of bullying victimization on latent profile membership and transition. A total of 2463 early adolescents (48.8% girls, Mage = 13.93 ± 0.59) participated in two waves of the study over six months. The results indicated that low symptoms profile (80.4%), moderate aggression profile (14.2%), high aggression profile (3.0%), and high self-harm profile (2.4%) were identified at time 1, and low symptoms profile (82.1%), dual-harm profile (7.6%), high aggression profile (7.7%), and high self-harm profile (2.6%) were identified at time 2. Adolescents assigned to at-risk profiles showed moderate to high transition, suggesting the developmental heterogeneity of self-harm and aggression. Moreover, adolescents high in bullying victimization were more likely to belong or transition to at-risk profiles. The findings revealed the co-occurring and transitional nature of self-harm and aggression and the transdiagnostic role of bullying victimization, which can be used to guide prevention and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuke Xiong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yi Wei
- China National Children's Center, 43 Pinganlixi Street, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ping Ren
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China.
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Höltge J, Mc Gee SL, Maercker A, Thoma MV. Steeling in Later Life: Exploring Age-Specific Effects of Varying Levels of Stress on Psychological Resilience. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2019; 92:170-196. [PMID: 31464147 DOI: 10.1177/0091415019871202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The steeling effect suggests that "optimal" stress positively affects well-being by enhancing resilience. However, there is lack of longitudinal investigations in diverse age groups. The aim was to explore steeling in later life and potential predictors. The sample consisted of N = 195 participants. A 1-year longitudinal survey study was conducted. Sociodemographics, experienced stress, resilience resources, and satisfaction with life were assessed. Latent profile analysis was used to identify profiles that differ in the change of resilience resources over time and to examine differences between the profiles across the other study variables. Three profiles emerged: decreased resources (Decrease), stability of resources (Maintenance), and increased resources (Increase). "Decrease" was characterized by low, Maintenance by moderate, and Increase by high stress. Age influenced profile membership. While the results failed to support the classic steeling effect, with high stress associated with increased resilience resources, optimal stress was associated with the maintenance of resilience resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Höltge
- 3688 Psychopathology and Clinical Intervention, Institute of Psychology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program "Dynamics of Healthy Aging," University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shauna L Mc Gee
- 3688 Psychopathology and Clinical Intervention, Institute of Psychology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program "Dynamics of Healthy Aging," University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Maercker
- 3688 Psychopathology and Clinical Intervention, Institute of Psychology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program "Dynamics of Healthy Aging," University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Myriam V Thoma
- 3688 Psychopathology and Clinical Intervention, Institute of Psychology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program "Dynamics of Healthy Aging," University of Zurich, Switzerland
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Zimmer‐Gembeck MJ, Duffy AL, Stuart J. Let’s get physical: Recent research on relations of adolescent peer victimization with psychosomatic symptoms, sleep, and body weight. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jabr.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda L. Duffy
- School of Applied Psychology Griffith University Southport Queensland Australia
| | - Jaimee Stuart
- School of Applied Psychology Griffith University Southport Queensland Australia
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8
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Eastman M, Foshee V, Ennett S, Sotres-Alvarez D, Reyes HLM, Faris R, North K. Profiles of internalizing and externalizing symptoms associated with bullying victimization. J Adolesc 2018; 65:101-110. [PMID: 29573643 PMCID: PMC5932115 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study identified profiles of internalizing (anxiety and depression) and externalizing (delinquency and violence against peers) symptoms among bullying victims and examined associations between bullying victimization characteristics and profile membership. The sample consisted of 1196 bullying victims in grades 8-10 (Mage = 14.4, SD = 1.01) who participated in The Context Study in three North Carolina counties in Fall 2003. Five profiles were identified using latent profile analysis: an asymptomatic profile and four profiles capturing combinations of internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Associations between bullying characteristics and membership in symptom profiles were tested using multinomial logistic regression. More frequent victimization increased odds of membership in the two high internalizing profiles compared to the asymptomatic profile. Across all multinomial logistic regression models, when the high internalizing, high externalizing profile was the reference category, adolescents who received any type of bullying (direct, indirect, or dual) were more likely to be in this category than any others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meridith Eastman
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Rosenau Hall, CB #7440, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Vangie Foshee
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Rosenau Hall, CB #7440, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Susan Ennett
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Rosenau Hall, CB #7440, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 137 E. Franklin St., Suite 203, CB#8030, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - H Luz McNaughton Reyes
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Rosenau Hall, CB #7440, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Robert Faris
- Department of Sociology, University of California Davis, 2247 Social Sciences & Humanities, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kari North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health and Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 137 E. Franklin St., Suite 306, CB# 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
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Causality and Pleiotropy in the Association Between Bullying Victimization in Adolescence and Depressive Episodes in Adulthood. Twin Res Hum Genet 2018; 21:33-41. [PMID: 29369038 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2017.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Children and adolescents who are victims or perpetrators of bullying victimization are at elevated risk for maladjustment problems, concurrently and in the long run. Previous studies suggest that this correlation is partly explained by genetic influence. However, whether the genetic correlation is independent of a causal effect of victimization on maladjustment remains unclear. Using data from 2,510 females from the TwinsUK registry, we applied an innovative extension of the Cholesky decomposition to investigate to what extent the association between victimization in adolescence and self-reported depressive episodes in adulthood is caused by shared genetic effects (pleiotropy), and to what extent it is due to a phenotypic causal relationship. We find that around 60% of the association between victimization and self-reported depressive episodes is due to a causal effect of victimization on depressive episodes, and 40% is due to pleiotropic effects. These findings underline the importance of integrating genetic information into social science research and demonstrate a neat strategy to elucidate causal mechanisms in the absence of experimental designs.
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Haltigan JD, Vaillancourt T. The Influence of Static and Dynamic Intrapersonal Factors on Longitudinal Patterns of Peer Victimization through Mid-adolescence: a Latent Transition Analysis. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 46:11-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s10802-017-0342-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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11
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How Competent are Adolescent Bullying Perpetrators and Victims in Mastering Normative Developmental Tasks in Early Adulthood? JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 46:41-56. [PMID: 28593601 PMCID: PMC5770496 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-017-0316-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
A substantive body of literature suggests that those involved in bullying as perpetrators but particularly victims are at greater risk for psychological maladjustment. In comparison, relatively little is known about associations between bullying-victimization and perpetration and mastery of early adult tasks in domains including romantic relationships, education, work, financial competence, and conduct. These links were tested using data from two Dutch cohorts (RADAR-young, n = 497, 43% girls; TRAILS, n = 2230, 51% girls) who reported on victimization and perpetration at age 11 (TRAILS) and 13 (RADAR-young) and mastery of developmental tasks in early adulthood. Unadjusted regression analyses suggested for both cohorts that perpetrators were less likely to abide the law and more likely to smoke. Victims in TRAILS were less competent in the domains of education, work, and finances, and more likely to smoke in RADAR-young. Adjusting for childhood demographics and child intelligence and including psychopathology in the prediction models substantially reduced the strength of associations between bullying involvement and later outcomes in both cohorts; although association were retained between victimization and welfare dependence and perpetration and crime involvement in TRAILS. Parental support did not buffer associations in either sample and neither were gender differences detected. Overall, findings underline that negative outcomes of bullying are not only a concern for victims but also for their perpetrators although involvement in bullying is not a stable predictor of mastery of developmental tasks when childhood demographics, child intelligence, and psychopathology are taken into account.
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Jung J, Krahé B, Busching R. Differential Risk Profiles for Reactive and Proactive Aggression. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. This two-wave longitudinal study identified configurations of social rejection, affiliation with aggressive peers, and academic failure and examined their predictivity for reactive and proactive aggression in a sample of 1,479 children and adolescents aged between 9 and 19 years. Latent profile analysis yielded three configurations of risk factors, made up of a non-risk group, a risk group scoring high on measures of social rejection (SR), and a risk group scoring high on measures of affiliation with aggressive peers and academic failure (APAF). Latent path analysis revealed that, as predicted, only membership in the SR group at T1 predicted reactive aggression at T2 17 months later. By contrast, only membership in the APAF group at T1 predicted proactive aggression at T2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis Jung
- Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Barbara Krahé
- Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Germany
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Haltigan JD, Roisman GI, Cauffman E, Booth-LaForce C. Correlates of Childhood vs. Adolescence Internalizing Symptomatology from Infancy to Young Adulthood. J Youth Adolesc 2016; 46:197-212. [PMID: 27757689 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-016-0578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In light of its associations with child and adolescent health and well-being, there remains a need to better understand the etiological underpinnings and developmental course of internalizing symptomatology in children and adolescents. This study leveraged intensive longitudinal data (N = 959; 49.6 % females) to test the hypothesis that internalizing symptoms in childhood may be driven more strongly by family experiences whereas internalizing symptoms in adolescence may derive more uniquely from familial loading for affective disorders (i.e., maternal depression). We evaluated the relative contributions of (a) family experiences (b) maternal depression, and (c) peer influences in testing this hypothesis. The results indicated that family predictors were more strongly correlated with childhood (relative to adolescent) internalizing symptoms. In contrast to previous findings, maternal depression also exhibited stronger associations with childhood internalizing symptoms. Although often overlooked in theories concerning potential differential origins of childhood vs. adolescent internalizing symptomatology, peer experiences explained unique variation in both childhood and adolescent internalizing problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Haltigan
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada.
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Garandeau CF, Lee IA, Salmivalli C. Decreases in the proportion of bullying victims in the classroom. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0165025416667492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sharing a classroom environment with other victimized peers has been shown to mitigate the adverse effects of peer victimization on children’s social and psychological adjustment. By extension, this study hypothesized that classroom reductions in the proportion of victims would be harmful for children who remain victimized. Data were collected at the end of 2 subsequent school years from 4,466 fourth- to sixth-graders (mean age = 11 years), as part of the implementation of the Finnish anti-bullying program KiVa (an acronym for Kiusaamista Vastaan, “against bullying”). Multiple regression analyses were conducted on a subsample of 170 stable victims (children reporting being victimized at least 2–3 times a month at both time points) to test whether a decrease in the proportion of victims in their classrooms had an effect on their adjustment at Time 2. Stable victims felt more depressed, more socially anxious and were less liked at Time 2 in classrooms where the proportion of victims had decreased in 1 year compared to stable victims in classrooms where it had increased or remained the same. These effects were not moderated by the intervention status of the classroom. Paradoxically, an improved social environment can be detrimental for some children. These findings point to the necessity to maintain anti-bullying intervention efforts especially when successful.
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Kretschmer T, Sentse M, Meeus W, Verhulst FC, Veenstra R, Oldehinkel AJ. Configurations of Adolescents' Peer Experiences: Associations With Parent-Child Relationship Quality and Parental Problem Behavior. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2016; 26:474-491. [PMID: 28581651 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents' peer experiences embrace behavior, relationship quality, status, and victimization, but studies that account for multiple dimensions are rare. Using latent profile modeling and measures of peer behavior, relationship quality, peer status, and victimization assessed from 1,677 adolescents, four profiles were identified: High Quality, Low Quality, Low Quality Victimized, and Deviant Peers. Multinomial logistic regressions showed that negative parent-child relationships in preadolescence reduced the likelihood of High Quality peer relations in mid-adolescence but only partly differentiated between the other three profiles. Moderation by gender was partly found with girls showing greater sensitivity to parent-child relationship quality with respect to peer experiences. Results underline the multifaceted nature of peer experiences, and practical and theoretical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wim Meeus
- Utrecht University
- Tilburg University
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16
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Bullying development across adolescence, its antecedents, outcomes, and gender-specific patterns. Dev Psychopathol 2016; 29:941-955. [PMID: 27417540 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579416000596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to victimization, prior research on the antecedents and outcomes of bullying perpetration has provided little conclusive knowledge. Some adolescent bullies may be well adjusted and popular among peers, while other bullies are rejected and lack self-control. There is also great variation in the outcomes, with a number of studies (but not all) showing increased risk for externalizing and internalizing problems. We used a developmental framework and data from 2,230 participants of the Dutch Tracking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS) to examine bullying perpetration across adolescence, to test the links with various antecedents in preadolescence, and to elucidate the outcomes in early adulthood. Latent growth models indicated significant variance in initial bullying perpetration levels and an overall decrease between pre- and late adolescence. Individual, family, and peer factors were associated with initial levels and partially associated with bullying development over time. Bullying perpetration was linked to later maladjustment and substance use, although only in girls. Finally, bullying perpetration appears to function as an intermediate variable between preadolescent individual, family, and peer risk and substance use more than 10 years later. These results have important implications for understanding the gender-specific nature of bullying perpetration and its outcomes and for demonstrating that bullying carries early risk into adulthood.
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Developmental Outcomes of Using Physical Violence Against Dates and Peers. J Adolesc Health 2016; 58:665-71. [PMID: 27086092 PMCID: PMC4877208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The negative impact on adolescents of being a victim of violence is well documented, but the impact of being a perpetrator of violence is less well known. Knowing the negative outcomes of being a perpetrator could inform clinical interactions with adolescents, development of violence prevention strategies, and estimates of the societal burden of violence. This longitudinal study examined the effects of physical dating violence (DV) and peer violence (PV) perpetration on internalizing symptoms, relationships with friends and family, academic aspirations and grades, and substance use. METHODS The four-wave longitudinal study (N = 3,979), conducted in two North Carolina counties over 2½ years, spanned grades 8-12. Generalized linear mixed models were used to examine prospective lagged effects of each type of violence perpetration on each outcome and sex and grade as moderators of effects. RESULTS Perpetrating DV significantly predicted lower college aspirations and greater likelihood of marijuana use. The effect of DV perpetration on increased family conflict was moderated by school grade; the effect decreased in significance across grades. Perpetrating PV significantly predicted greater likelihood of cigarette and marijuana use. The effects of PV perpetration on increased internalizing symptoms and alcohol intensity and decreased college aspirations were moderated by school grade; effects decreased in significance across grades. Neither type of perpetration predicted changes in number of reciprocated friendships, social status, or academic grades, and no effects varied by sex. CONCLUSIONS These detrimental outcomes for the perpetrator need to be considered in clinical interactions with adolescents and violence prevention programming.
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