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Omura M, Cortese S, Bailhache M, Navarro MC, Melchior M, van der Waerden J, Heude B, de Lauzon-Guillain B, Galera C. Associations between symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, socioeconomic status and asthma in children. Npj Ment Health Res 2024; 3:22. [PMID: 38627466 PMCID: PMC11021421 DOI: 10.1038/s44184-024-00064-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Socioeconomic status (SES) influences the risk of both physical diseases, such as asthma, and neurodevelopmental conditions, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Using Causal Mediation Analysis on French birth-cohort data, we found a causal pathway from SES to ADHD symptoms, in part mediated by asthma. An increase in family income at age 3 by one unit resulted in lower ADHD symptoms at age 5, by -0.37 [95% CI: -0.50, -0.24] SDQ-score-points, with additional -0.04 [95% CI: -0.08, -0.01] points reduction indirectly via asthma at age 3, both with statistical significance. Importantly, family income at age 3 exerted both direct and indirect (via asthma) negative effects on later ADHD symptoms with much higher magnitudes for the direct effect. Our findings underscore the importance of apprehending ADHD symptoms in the broader context of socioeconomic disparities, along with their comorbidities with asthma, potentially influencing public health interventions and clinical practice in managing ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Omura
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics, Meiji Gakuin University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
- Institut de Santé Publique d'Epidémiologie et de Développement, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Samuele Cortese
- Center for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
- Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York University Child Study Center, New York City, NY, USA
- DiMePRe-J-Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine-Jonic Area, University "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Marion Bailhache
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux-Urgences Pédiatriques, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Centre, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie C Navarro
- Institut de Santé Publique d'Epidémiologie et de Développement, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Centre, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maria Melchior
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), UMR S 1136, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Judith van der Waerden
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), UMR S 1136, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), F-75004, Paris, France
| | - Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), F-75004, Paris, France
| | - Cédric Galera
- Institut de Santé Publique d'Epidémiologie et de Développement, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Centre, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France
- Centre Hospitalier Perrens, Bordeaux, France
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Montreal, QC, Canada
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2
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Jean FAM, Schwartz AN, Galesne C, Azouz Z, Navarro MC, Montagni I, Macalli M, Côté SM, Tzourio C, Galéra C. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and lifetime use of psychoactive substances among French university students: A cross-sectional study. Psychiatry Res 2023; 328:115489. [PMID: 37742528 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
In a cross sectional study of 13,837 university students, we aimed to explore the association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and lifetime psychoactive substance use (LPSU) on a wide range of illicit substances. Logistic and Hurdel multivariable regressions were used. ADHD symptoms were significantly associated with the lifetime use of ketamine, magic mushrooms, poppers, and nine other psychoactive substances. There was an association between ADHD symptoms and both LPSU and truncated count of lifetime psychoactive substance use. High levels of ADHD symptoms are associated with the use of a large variety and multiple LPSU.
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Affiliation(s)
- François A M Jean
- Dr Jean Eric Techer Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Calais, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux Population Heltch Research Center, UMR1219, HEALTHY Team, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale - INSERM), Bordeaux, France
| | - Ashlyn N Schwartz
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux Population Heltch Research Center, UMR1219, HEALTHY Team, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale - INSERM), Bordeaux, France; Department of Public Health, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
| | - Charline Galesne
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux Population Heltch Research Center, UMR1219, HEALTHY Team, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale - INSERM), Bordeaux, France
| | - Zeineb Azouz
- Dr Jean Eric Techer Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Calais, France
| | - Marie C Navarro
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux Population Heltch Research Center, UMR1219, HEALTHY Team, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale - INSERM), Bordeaux, France
| | - Ilaria Montagni
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux Population Heltch Research Center, UMR1219, HEALTHY Team, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale - INSERM), Bordeaux, France
| | - Mélissa Macalli
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux Population Heltch Research Center, UMR1219, HEALTHY Team, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale - INSERM), Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvana M Côté
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux Population Heltch Research Center, UMR1219, HEALTHY Team, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale - INSERM), Bordeaux, France; University of Montreal, Canada
| | - Christophe Tzourio
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux Population Heltch Research Center, UMR1219, HEALTHY Team, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale - INSERM), Bordeaux, France; Teaching Hospital of Bordeaux (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux), Bordeaux, France
| | - Cédric Galéra
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux Population Heltch Research Center, UMR1219, HEALTHY Team, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale - INSERM), Bordeaux, France; Charles Perrens Hospital, Bordeaux, France.
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Oncioiu SI, Boivin M, Geoffroy MC, Arseneault L, Galéra C, Navarro MC, Brendgen M, Vitaro F, Tremblay RE, Côté SM, Orri M. Mental health comorbidities following peer victimization across childhood and adolescence: a 20-year longitudinal study. Psychol Med 2023; 53:2072-2084. [PMID: 34689845 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721003822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peer victimization is associated with a wide range of mental health problems in youth, yet few studies described its association with mental health comorbidities. METHODS To test the association between peer victimization timing and intensity and mental health comorbidities, we used data from 1216 participants drawn from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development, a population-based birth cohort. Peer victimization was self-reported at ages 6-17 years, and modeled as four trajectory groups: low, childhood-limited, moderate adolescence-emerging, and high-chronic. The outcomes were the number and the type of co-occurring self-reported mental health problems at age 20 years. Associations were estimated using negative binomial and multinomial logistic regression models and adjusted for parent, family, and child characteristics using propensity score inverse probability weights. RESULTS Youth in all peer victimization groups had higher rates of co-occurring mental health problems and higher likelihood of comorbid internalizing-externalizing problems [odds ratios ranged from 2.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.52-2.79 for childhood-limited to 4.34, 95% CI 3.15-5.98 for high-chronic victimization] compared to those in the low victimization group. The strength of these associations was highest for the high-chronic group, followed by moderate adolescence-emerging and childhood-limited groups. All groups also presented higher likelihood of internalizing-only problems relative to the low peer victimization group. CONCLUSIONS Irrespective of timing and intensity, self-reported peer victimization was associated with mental health comorbidities in young adulthood, with the strongest associations observed for high-chronic peer victimization. Tackling peer victimization, especially when persistent over time, could play a role in reducing severe and complex mental health problems in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sînziana I Oncioiu
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Marie-Claude Geoffroy
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Cédric Galéra
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie C Navarro
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Richard E Tremblay
- University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sylvana M Côté
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Massimiliano Orri
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
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Castaño D, Navarro MC, Herrero H. Cyclonic and anticyclonic rotation in a cylinder cooled inhomogeneously on the top. Chaos 2021; 31:093108. [PMID: 34598456 DOI: 10.1063/5.0061312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we study the development of vortical structures generated in a rotating cylinder non-homogeneously cooled on the top. In the axisymmetric regime, for moderate vertical temperature differences and any rotation rate, cyclonic and anticyclonic rotations coexist in the flow: a counterclockwise motion at upper levels, giving place to a vertical top-down vortex, and a clockwise rotation at lower levels that generates a spin up motion. For lower rotation rates and high enough vertical temperature differences, only cyclonic top-down vortices survive and get stronger. We perform a force balance analysis to explain the phenomena. In the non-axisymmetric regime, no anticyclonic rotation at the bottom is reported and the cyclonic top-down vortex either disappears or splits up in two top-down vortices, depending on the ambient rotation rate. The intensity of the cooling on the top and how localized this cool region is affect the flow developed. When the horizontal temperature difference on the top is larger than the vertical temperature difference between top and bottom, stable axisymmetric top-down vortices with an inner updraft of warmer air are reported. The more localized the cooling above, the more difficult the development of the inner updraft becomes. Results may contribute to the understanding of the relevance of thermal processes in tornadogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Castaño
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Escuela de Ingeniería Industrial y Aeroespacial-IMACI, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - M C Navarro
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IMACI, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - H Herrero
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IMACI, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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5
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Navarro MC, Ouellet-Morin I, Geoffroy MC, Boivin M, Tremblay RE, Côté SM, Orri M. Machine Learning Assessment of Early Life Factors Predicting Suicide Attempt in Adolescence or Young Adulthood. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e211450. [PMID: 33710292 PMCID: PMC7955274 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.1450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although longitudinal studies have reported associations between early life factors (ie, in-utero/perinatal/infancy) and long-term suicidal behavior, they have concentrated on 1 or few selected factors, and established associations, but did not investigate if early-life factors predict suicidal behavior. OBJECTIVE To identify and evaluate the ability of early-life factors to predict suicide attempt in adolescents and young adults from the general population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prognostic study used data from the Québec Longitudinal Study of Child Development, a population-based longitudinal study from Québec province, Canada. Participants were followed-up from birth to age 20 years. Random forest classification algorithms were developed to predict suicide attempt. To avoid overfitting, prediction performance indices were assessed across 50 randomly split subsamples, and then the mean was calculated. Data were analyzed from November 2019 to June 2020. EXPOSURES Factors considered in the analysis included 150 variables, spanning virtually all early life domains, including pregnancy and birth information; child, parents, and neighborhood characteristics; parenting and family functioning; parents' mental health; and child temperament, as assessed by mothers, fathers, and hospital birth records. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The main outcome was self-reported suicide attempt by age 20 years. RESULTS Among 1623 included youths aged 20 years, 845 (52.1%) were female and 778 (47.9%) were male. Models show moderate prediction performance. The areas under the curve for the prediction of suicide attempt were 0.72 (95% CI, 0.71-0.73) for females and 0.62 (95% CI, 0.60-0.62) for males. The models showed low sensitivity (females, 0.50; males, 0.32), moderate positive predictive values (females, 0.60; males, 0.62), and good specificity (females, 0.76; males, 0.82) and negative predicted values (females, 0.75; males, 0.71). The most important factors contributing to the prediction included socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the family (eg, mother and father education and age, socioeconomic status, neighborhood characteristics), parents' psychological state (specifically parents' antisocial behaviors) and parenting practices. Birth-related variables also contributed to the prediction of suicidal behavior (eg, prematurity). Sex differences were also identified, with family-related socioeconomic and demographic characteristics being the top factors for females and parents' antisocial behavior being the top factor for males. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings suggest that early life factors contributed modestly to the prediction of suicidal behavior in adolescence and young adulthood. Although these factors may inform the understanding of the etiological processes of suicide, their utility in the long-term prediction of suicide attempt was limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie C. Navarro
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Ouellet-Morin
- School of Criminology, Research Center of the Montreal Mental Health University Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Geoffroy
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Michel Boivin
- School of Psychology, University of Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Richard E. Tremblay
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Pediatrics and Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sylvana M. Côté
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Massimiliano Orri
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Oncioiu SI, Orri M, Boivin M, Geoffroy MC, Arseneault L, Brendgen M, Vitaro F, Navarro MC, Galéra C, Tremblay RE, Côté SM. Early Childhood Factors Associated With Peer Victimization Trajectories From 6 to 17 Years of Age. Pediatrics 2020; 145:peds.2019-2654. [PMID: 32238448 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-2654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe (1) the developmental trajectories of peer victimization from 6 to 17 years of age and (2) the early childhood behaviors and family characteristics associated with the trajectories. METHODS We used data from 1760 children enrolled in the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development, a population-based birth cohort. Participants self-reported peer victimization at ages 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 15, and 17 years. Participants' behavior and family characteristics were measured repeatedly between ages 5 months and 5 years. RESULTS We identified 4 trajectories of peer victimization from 6 to 17 years of age: low (32.9%), moderate-emerging (29.8%), childhood-limited (26.2%), and high-chronic (11.1%). Compared with children in the low peer victimization trajectory, children in the other 3 trajectories were more likely to exhibit externalizing behaviors in early childhood, and those in the high-chronic and moderate-emerging trajectories were more likely to be male. Paternal history of antisocial behavior was associated with moderate-emerging (odds ratio [OR] = 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09-2.19) and high-chronic (OR = 1.93; 95% CI = 1.25-2.99) relative to low peer victimization. Living in a nonintact family in early childhood was associated with childhood-limited (OR = 1.48; 95% CI = 1.11-1.97) and high-chronic (OR = 1.59; 95% CI = 1.09-2.31) relative to low peer victimization. CONCLUSIONS Early childhood externalizing behaviors and family vulnerabilities were associated with the development of peer victimization. Some children entered the cascade of persistent peer victimization at the beginning of primary school. Support to these children and their families early in life should be an important component of peer victimization preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sînziana I Oncioiu
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Massimiliano Orri
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute and
| | - Michel Boivin
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Geoffroy
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute and.,Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Louise Arseneault
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mara Brendgen
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Frank Vitaro
- School of Psycho-Education, University of Montreal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Marie C Navarro
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cédric Galéra
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, France; and
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- Departments of Pediatrics, Psychology, and.,School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sylvana M Côté
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; .,Social and Preventive Medicine
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Navarro MC, Orri M, Nagin D, Tremblay RE, Oncioiu SI, Ahun MN, Melchior M, van der Waerden J, Galéra C, Côté SM. Adolescent internalizing symptoms: The importance of multi-informant assessments in childhood. J Affect Disord 2020; 266:702-709. [PMID: 32056947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood internalizing symptoms can be associated with adolescent internalizing symptoms, but only a small proportion of symptomatic children are at long-term risk. Our objectives were to (1) distinguish between typical and atypical levels of internalizing symptoms using mother- and teacher-assessments and (2) test the association between childhood internalizing symptoms and adolescent generalized anxiety, depression, and social phobia symptoms in boys and girls. METHODS Multi-trajectory models were used to estimate the evolution of mother- and teacher-reported internalizing symptoms across childhood (1.5 to 12 years) in a large population-based cohort (n = 1431). Multiple linear regression models were implemented to estimate the association between childhood group membership of internalizing symptoms and self-reported specific internalizing symptoms at 15 years by sex. RESULTS Five groups of childhood internalizing symptoms were identified: Mother & teacher low (22.6%), Mother moderate/teacher low (37.9%), Mother moderate/teacher high (18.3%), Mother high/teacher low (11.8%) and Mother & teacher high (9.5%). Multiple linear regression models showed that compared to the low group, (1) boys in the high group reported higher social phobia symptoms (p = 0.04), (2) girls in the high group reported higher depression (p = 0.01) and generalized anxiety (p < 0.01) symptoms, and (3) girls in the moderate/high group reported higher generalized anxiety symptoms (p = 0.02) in adolescence. LIMITATIONS The main limitation is that mothers' and teachers' assessments mostly covered different developmental periods. CONCLUSIONS A multi-informant assessment of childhood internalizing symptoms improves adolescent specific internalizing symptoms identification in a general population sample over reliance on a single informant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie C Navarro
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM U1219 and University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Massimiliano Orri
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM U1219 and University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Daniel Nagin
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychology, University of Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sînziana I Oncioiu
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM U1219 and University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marilyn N Ahun
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Maria Melchior
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 6, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Paris, France
| | - Judith van der Waerden
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 6, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Paris, France
| | - Cédric Galéra
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM U1219 and University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvana M Côté
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM U1219 and University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada; Research Center Ste Justine's Hospital, 3175 Chemin Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.
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Navarro MC, Castaño D, Herrero H. Generation of a magnetic field by a double vortex in a rotating cylinder. Phys Rev E 2019; 99:033109. [PMID: 30999500 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.99.033109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we use simulations of the magnetohydrodynamic equations coupled with heat to show the generation of magnetic field by the dynamical interaction of a pair of vortices in a fluid electrically conducting within a cylindrical domain nonhomogeneously heated from below, setting in a rotation frame. For large enough rotation rates we show that the formation of a pair of vortices inside the primary whirl gives rise to a magnetic field. The magnetic field has a strong horizontal component, and the magnetic lines go from one vortex to the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Navarro
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - D Castaño
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - H Herrero
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Castaño D, Navarro MC, Herrero H. Evolution of secondary whirls in thermoconvective vortices: Strengthening, weakening, and disappearance in the route to chaos. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:013117. [PMID: 26871164 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.013117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The appearance, evolution, and disappearance of periodic and quasiperiodic dynamics of fluid flows in a cylindrical annulus locally heated from below are analyzed using nonlinear simulations. The results reveal a route of the transition from a steady axisymmetric vertical vortex to a chaotic flow. The chaotic flow regime is reached after a sequence of successive supercritical Hopf bifurcations to periodic, quasiperiodic, and chaotic flow regimes. A scenario similar to the Ruelle-Takens-Newhouse scenario is verified in this convective flow. In the transition to chaos we find the appearance of subvortices embedded in the primary axisymmetric vortex, flows where the subvortical structure strengthens and weakens, that almost disappears before reforming again, leading to a more disorganized flow to a final chaotic regime. Results are remarkable as they connect to observations describing formation, weakening, and virtual disappearance before revival of subvortices in some atmospheric swirls such as dust devils.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Castaño
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - M C Navarro
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - H Herrero
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Valero A, Romero MC, Gómez-Mateos M, Hierro I, Navarro MC. Natural products: Perspectives in the pharmacological treatment of gastrointestinal anisakiasis. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2015; 8:612-7. [PMID: 26321513 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the activity of different natural products against L3 larvae of Anisakis type I. METHODS Information on investigations into the activity of natural products against the L3 larvae of Anisakis simplex was collected from scientific journals, books, theses and reports via a library and electronic search (using Pubmed, Scopus, Medline, Web of Science and ScienceDirect). The search terms included: natural products, medicinal plants, essential oils, terpenic derivatives, Anisakis, antinematodal activity. RESULTS In the literature reviewed numerous papers were found concerning the in vitro and in vivo activity against Anisakis type I of various natural products (plant extracts, essential oils and their major components). Analysis of the results showed that in vitro tests the Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil and the ar-turmerone isolated from Curcuma longa displayed the greatest activity. In vivo, the most active compound was perillaldehyde, the main component of Perilla frutescens essential oil. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that some natural products exhibited promising antianisakis properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Valero
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain
| | - M C Romero
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain
| | - M Gómez-Mateos
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain.
| | - I Hierro
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain
| | - M C Navarro
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain
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Castaño D, Navarro MC, Herrero H. Thermoconvective vortices in a cylindrical annulus with varying inner radius. Chaos 2014; 24:043116. [PMID: 25554036 DOI: 10.1063/1.4898732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper shows the influence of the inner radius on the stability and intensity of vertical vortices, qualitatively similar to dust devils and cyclones, generated in a cylindrical annulus non-homogeneously heated from below. Little relation is found between the intensity of the vortex and the magnitude of the inner radius. Strong stable vortices can be found for both small and large values of the inner radius. The Rankine combined vortex structure, that characterizes the tangential velocity in dust devils, is clearly observed when small values of the inner radius and large values of the ratio between the horizontal and vertical temperature differences are considered. A contraction on the radius of maximum azimuthal velocity is observed when the vortex is intensified by thermal mechanisms. This radius becomes then nearly stationary when frictional force balances the radial inflow generated by the pressure drop in the center, despite the vortex keeps intensifying. These results connect with the behavior of the radius of the maximum tangential wind associated with a hurricane.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Castaño
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - M C Navarro
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - H Herrero
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Abstract
In this review, we analyze the efficacy and safety of DT56a in the treatment of postmenopausal symptoms. Similar to all selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), DT56a demonstrates dual agonistic and antagonistic effects due to the synergy between its components. DT56a is referred to as a plant-origin SERM (phyto-SERM) and, for this reason, its therapeutic capacity in postmenopausal women differs from other phytoestrogens used independently. Although interesting data on relief of vasomotor symptoms have been reported for DT56a, further clinical studies with a greater number of cases and a longer period of study are required to correctly identify its indications for use as an alternative to hormone therapy, especially in preventing osteoporosis.
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Navarro MC, Herrero H. Top-down vortices developed in a cylindrical annulus cooled on the top. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2013; 88:015002. [PMID: 23944599 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.88.015002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we study the generation of top-down vortices by thermoconvective mechanisms in a cylindrical annulus nonhomogeneously cooled on the top. Assuming axisymmetry we study the structure of the vortices, characterized by a spiral downward motion, similar to that observed in tornadoes generated in supercell storms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Navarro
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
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Abstract
This paper shows the influence of horizontal and vertical temperature gradients on the intensity of vertical vortices, qualitatively similar to dust devils, generated by a convective instability in a cylindrical annulus non-homogeneously heated. The behavior of the vortices formed is studied, showing that the increase of the temperature gradients intensifies the strength of the vortical structures developed and vice versa, small horizontal and vertical temperature gradients lead to weaker vortices or even make them disappear. Consequently, the intensity of the vortices can be controlled thermally by cooling or heating adequately the bottom boundary.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Navarro
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
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Navarro MC, Herrero H. Vortices in a cylindrical annulus nonhomogeneously heated: effect of localized heating on their stability and intensity. Phys Rev E 2011; 84:037301. [PMID: 22060538 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.84.037301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we study the influence of localized or widespread nonhomogeneous temperature profiles on the stability and intensity of vertical vortices generated in a cylindrical annulus by a convective instability. Localized profiles lead to more stable vortices while widespread inhomogeneities intensify the spin motion around the inner cylinder.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Navarro
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
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Abstract
Inflammatory Optic Neuritis (ON) is the most frequent cause of acute visual loss in young adults. Although the visual prognosis is excellent in the majority of cases, many patients develop pathology, such as multiple sclerosis, in its subsequent evolution. The natural history of ON has been studied in numerous works in recent years; one of the most important of which is Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial. Magnetic Resonance plays a fundamental role in the etiological diagnosis of ON and in predicting the risk of conversion into multiple sclerosis. New exploratory techniques have recently been incorporated, such as optical coherence tomography, useful for diagnosis and prognosis; serum biomarkers have been identified in the diagnosis of other pathologies with an autoimmune nature that produce ON. A better understanding of the clinical and exploratory data of typical ON will make a more rapid and accurate diagnostic study possible. Treatment of ON with steroids must be individualised bearing in mind that they do not alter the long-term prognosis and an immunomodulating therapy must be proposed for patients with a high risk of conversion into multiple sclerosis. This article reviews the existing data in the literature on its clinical manifestations, its etiological and differential diagnosis, and the treatment of inflammatory ON.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ayuso Blanco
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital de Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain.
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Navarro MC, Witkowski LM, Tuckerman LS, Le Quéré P. Building a reduced model for nonlinear dynamics in Rayleigh-Bénard convection with counter-rotating disks. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2010; 81:036323. [PMID: 20365870 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.81.036323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A reduced model to decrease the number of degrees of freedom of the discretized Navier-Stokes equations to a small set that nevertheless captures the essential dynamics of the flow is proposed. The Rayleigh-Bénard convection problem in a cylinder of aspect ratio one where the lower and upper disks, maintained at hot and cold temperatures, respectively, rotate at equal and opposite angular velocities has been chosen to test the technique. The nonlinear dynamics is rich and complex when the temperature difference between disks and their angular velocity is varied. Representatives states--stationary, periodic near sinusoidal, and near heteroclinic--are presented. In each case, the reduced model is compared with temporal integration, and we show that 41 degrees of freedom are sufficient to reproduce the signal. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the algorithm by which we build our reduced model.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Navarro
- Dpto Matemáticas, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Univ de Castilla La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
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Navarro MC, Sosa M, Saavedra P, Lainez P, Marrero M, Torres M, Medina CD. Poverty is a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporos Int 2009; 20:393-8. [PMID: 18773136 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-008-0697-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2007] [Accepted: 06/05/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study assesses the possible association between poverty and osteoporosis and/or fragility fractures in a population of postmenopausal women. We found that postmenopausal women with low socioeconomic status had lower values of BMD at the lumbar spine, a higher prevalence of densitometric osteoporosis, and a higher prevalence of total and vertebral fractures. INTRODUCTION Some lifestyles are related to the presence of osteoporosis and/or fragility fractures, whereas poverty is related to some lifestyles. Because of this, we studied the possible association of poverty with osteoporosis and fractures. METHODS This was an observational, cross-sectional study performed in the Canary Islands, Spain. Participants consisted of a total of 1,139 ambulatory postmenopausal women aged 50 years or older with no previous osteoporosis diagnosis and who were enrolled in some epidemiological studies. The prevalence of fractures (vertebral and non-vertebral) and the prevalence of osteoporosis (T-score <-2.5 either at the lumbar spine or the femoral neck). A previously validated questionnaire elicited the most important risk factors for osteoporosis: socioeconomic status, defined by the annual income was also assessed by a personal interview. A dorso-lateral X-ray of the spine was performed, and bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by DXA in the lumbar spine (L2-L4) and proximal femur. RESULTS Compared to women with a medium and high socioeconomic status (n = 665), those who were classified into poverty (annual family income lower than 6,346.80 Euros, in a one-member family, n = 474), were older and heavier and had lower height, lower prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption, lower use of HRT and higher use of thiazides. After correcting for age and body mass index (BMI), women in poverty had lower spine BMD values than women with a medium and high socioeconomic status (0.840 g/cm(2) vs. 0.867 g/cm(2), p = 0.005), but there were no statistical differences in femoral neck BMD between groups. The prevalence of osteoporosis was also higher in women in poverty [40.6% vs. 35.6%, (OR 1.35, CI 95%: 1.03; 1.76)] after adjusting by age and BMI. Moreover, 37.8% of women in poverty had a history of at least one fragility fracture compared to 27.7% of women not in poverty (OR: 1.45, CI 95%: 1.11; 1.90). The prevalence of vertebral fractures was also higher in women in poverty 24.7% vs. 13.4%, (OR 2.01, CI 95%: 1.44; 2.81). CONCLUSIONS Postmenopausal women with low socioeconomic status had lower values of BMD at the lumbar spine, and a higher prevalence of densitometric osteoporosis, and a higher prevalence of total and vertebral fractures. Because of this, apart from the well known risk factors for osteoporosis, poverty should be taken into account as a possible risk factor for both osteoporosis and fragility fractures, in order to establish sanitary strategies to protect unfavoured postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Navarro
- Health Education and Promotion Working Group, Canary Islands, Spain.
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Erro ME, Navarro MC. [Myoclonic spasms: their clinical and neurophysiological characteristics, aetiology and treatment]. Rev Neurol 2009; 48 Suppl 1:S1-S6. [PMID: 19222008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myoclonus refers to the brief, sudden, involuntary movements like jerks or twitches which produce a sudden muscular contraction. AIMS To review the clinical and neurophysiological features of myoclonus, or myoclonic spasms, and to carry out an updated examination of their causation and treatment. DEVELOPMENT Myoclonic spasms can be classified on the basis of different criteria. According to the underlying physiological mechanism, myoclonic spasms can be classified as cortical, subcortical, spinal or peripheral. Myoclonic spasms appear in a wide range of neurological diseases. So-called symptomatic myoclonus is the type that occurs secondary to an identifiable disorder; it is usually accompanied by other neurological signs and is the most frequent kind. Epileptic myoclonus is that which forms part of an epileptic syndrome with a genetic or idiopathic cause, or that is due to static encephalopathy. Essential myoclonus is the least frequent type and includes palatal myoclonus and dystonia-myoclonus syndrome. The main therapeutic objective consists in treating the underlying cause of the myoclonus if possible and in using symptomatic treatment when this is not the case. Antiepileptic drugs that enhance the effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid are still the most effective medication. Among the non-antiepileptic drugs, piracetam and 5-hydroxytryptophan stand out above the rest. Botulinum toxin has proved to be effective in palatal myoclonus. In dystonia-myoclonus syndrome, research has been conducted on the effectiveness of deep brain stimulation on the internal globus pallidus. In the most severe forms of myoclonus, monotherapy is not usually effective. CONCLUSIONS Progress has been made in furthering our knowledge of the neurophysiology of myoclonus, although no very effective forms of treatment have been reported for this motor disorder, which can be extremely disabling.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Erro
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital de Navarra, Irunlarrea, 3. E-31008 Pamplona, Navarra, España.
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Navarro MC, Erro ME, Cabada T, Gállego J. [Recurrent paramedian pontine stroke secondary to saccular basilar trunk aneurysms]. Neurologia 2009; 24:77-78. [PMID: 19214823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
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Navarro MC, Noguera MA, Romero MC, Montilla MP, González de Selgas JM, Valero A. Anisakis simplex s.l.: Larvicidal activity of various monoterpenic derivatives of natural origin against L3 larvae in vitro and in vivo. Exp Parasitol 2008; 120:295-9. [PMID: 18713626 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2008.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2008] [Revised: 07/23/2008] [Accepted: 07/23/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the activity against Anisakis simplex s.l. L(3) larvae of six monoterpenic derivatives obtained from different essential oils, (alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, ocimene, myrcene, geranyl acetate, and cineole). In in vitro assays, alpha-pinene, ocimene and cineole showed high activity at a concentration of 125 microg/mL (48h) but only alpha-pinene and ocimene were active at 62.5 microg/mL. In in vivo assays, L(3) larvae and study compounds were simultaneously administered per os to Wistar rats. The most active compound was alpha-pinene, finding lesions in only 20% of treated rats versus 98% of controls. Further in vivo studies are required to investigate whether addition of these compounds to food could have a prophylactic effect, reducing the pathogenicity of A. simplex s.l. L(3) in humans, and to explore any possible synergy among compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Navarro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Sosa M, Jódar E, Saavedra P, Navarro MC, Gómez de Tejada MJ, Martín A, Peña P, Gómez J. Postmenopausal Canarian women receiving oral glucocorticoids have an increased prevalence of vertebral fractures and low values of bone mineral density measured by quantitative computer tomography and dual X-ray absorptiometry, without significant changes in parathyroid hormone. Eur J Intern Med 2008; 19:51-6. [PMID: 18206602 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2007.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2006] [Revised: 08/28/2007] [Accepted: 08/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Daily doses higher than 7.5 mg/daily of prednisone or equivalents confer a great risk of vertebral and hip fractures with a clear dose dependence of fracture risk. Information regarding the utility in assessing trabecular bone mineral density by quantitative computer tomography (QCT) in these patients, either in the Canaries or in Spain, is lacking. Moreover, in this setting, the importance of secondary hyperparathyroidism is still controversial. DESIGN, PATIENTS AND METHODS Cross-sectional observational study performed on 1177 consecutive Canary postmenopausal women who attended our Bone Metabolic Unit. The Patient Group was composed of 88 postmenopausal women who were taking oral corticosteroids in dose higher than 7.5 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent for more than 6 months (OG group). The Control Group included 838 postmenopausal women who did not take steroids. A complete validated questionnaire for osteoporosis risk assessment and a complete physical examination were performed. A lateral X-ray of the spine was performed on every woman. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at the lumbar spine (LS) by dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) and QCT and at the femoral neck by DXA. Fasting serum and 24 hour urine was collected and biochemical markers of bone remodelling were studied. RESULTS Both groups were comparable in general characteristics and calcium intake. The OG group showed lower values of BMD estimated both by DXA and QCT (p<0.05). LS BMD was closely correlated by using both methods (r=0.636, p<0.001). The OG group showed lower values of osteocalcin (p=0.023) and TRAP (p=0.026) without significant differences in PTH. Patients in OG group had a higher prevalence of vertebral fractures than controls (13.3% vs 8.6%; crude values: p=0.049, OR: 1.63 (0.99-2.67); age adjusted: p=0.003, OR 2.29 (1.33-9.93)). CONCLUSIONS In postmenopausal Canarian women, chronic glucocorticoid therapy is associated with low bone mineral density, measured either by DXA or QCT, with evidence of low turnover and high prevalence of fractures without significant changes in PTH. DXA and QCT provide similar information in the assessment of this high risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sosa
- University Hospital Insular, Department of Internal Medicine, Bone Metabolic Unit, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Investigation Group on Osteoporosis, Canary Islands, Spain.
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Erro ME, Gastón I, Navarro MC. [Movement disorders in the emergency department]. An Sist Sanit Navar 2008; 31 Suppl 1:127-140. [PMID: 18528449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Acute or sub-acute movement disorders represent a small percentage of neurological emergencies but it is necessary to be aware of their existence because a failure in their diagnosis or treatment can result in significant morbidity and mortality. Clinical presentation of acute movement disorders can be diverse. In some cases acinesia or rigidity predominates, while others are characterized by dystonia, chorea o balism. The type of movement disorder suggest a specific aetiology. Drugs represent the most frequent etiologic factor and are the cause of neuroleptic malignant syndrome and serotoninergic syndrome. Emergencies secondary to Parkinson's disease are reviewed, including parkinsonism-hyperpirexia syndrome, acute psychosis and the emergencies derived from deep brain stimulators. Different aetiologies of acute dystonia and chorea are also covered and, finally, acute movement disorders due to stroke are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Erro
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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Abstract
We study, from the numerical point of view, instabilities developed in a fluid layer with a free surface in a cylindrical container which is nonhomogeneously heated from below. In particular, we consider the case in which the applied heat is localized around the origin. An axisymmetric basic state appears as soon as a nonzero horizontal temperature gradient is imposed. The basic state may bifurcate to different solutions depending on vertical and lateral temperature gradients and on the shape of the heating function. We find different kinds of instabilities: extended patterns growing on the whole domain, which include those known as targets, and spiral waves. Spirals are present even for infinite Prandtl number. Localized structures both at the origin and at the outer part of the cylinder may appear either as Hopf or stationary bifurcations. An overview of the developed instabilities as functions of the dimensionless parameters is presented in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Navarro
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Navarro MC, Herrero H. Effects of optimal control over thermoconvective patterns. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2007; 75:067203. [PMID: 17677393 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.75.067203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2007] [Revised: 04/17/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper shows that optimal control techniques can be used to avoid some pattern formation in a Rayleigh-Bénard problem with horizontal temperature gradient. Appropriate thermal boundary conditions determined by these techniques lead to new strong controlled basic states with reduced pattern and for which the thermoconvective instability is avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Navarro
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Pérez-Sirvent C, García-Lorenzo ML, Martínez-Sánchez MJ, Navarro MC, Marimón J, Bech J. Metal-contaminated soil remediation by using sludges of the marble industry: toxicological evaluation. Environ Int 2007; 33:502-4. [PMID: 17169426 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2006.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2006] [Revised: 05/30/2006] [Accepted: 11/02/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The major risks due to metal pollution of sediments consist of leaching to groundwater and potential toxicity to animals and/or plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate by means of an ecotoxicological approach the effects of the addition of cutting marble sludges on the mobile metal fraction of sediments polluted with heavy metals. The study was carried out on two sediments derived from mining activities in Portman Bay (SE, Spain) polluted by heavy metals. These sediments were mixed with sludges left after the cutting of marble. The results obtained by leaching experiments showed that the addition of marble cutting sludge, consisting mainly of carbonates, to a heavy-metal polluted sediment produces a decrease of available metal forms. The carbonate content seems to play a role in chemical stabilisation of metals and in a decrease of toxicity of sediments. The leached solutions have a non-toxic effect. The mild remediation by addition of sludge has moreover effects to long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pérez-Sirvent
- University of Murcia, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Geology and Pedology, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Hierro I, Valero A, Navarro MC. In vivo larvicidal activity of monoterpenic derivatives from aromatic plants against L3 larvae of Anisakis simplex s.l. Phytomedicine 2006; 13:527-31. [PMID: 16785045 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2005.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2005] [Accepted: 05/18/2005] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In view of the lack of an effective pharmacological treatment against human anisakiosis, a disease produced by L(3) larvae of the genus Anisakis present in raw fish, we studied the in vivo larvicidal effect of certain monoterpenic derivatives against L(3) of A. simplex s.l. The aldehydic monoterpene citral and the alcoholic citronellol, when they are administered together to the larvae of the nematode at the concentration of 46.90 mg/0.5 ml in olive oil, achieve 85.90% and 67.53% dead L(3), respectively, and also stop rats suffering gastrointestinal hemorrhages produced by the larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hierro
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Navarro MC, Pérez-Sirvent C, Martínez-Sánchez MJ, Vidal J, Marimón J. Lead, cadmium and arsenic bioavailability in the abandoned mine site of Cabezo Rajao (Murcia, SE Spain). Chemosphere 2006; 63:484-9. [PMID: 16213550 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2005] [Revised: 08/02/2005] [Accepted: 08/11/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
An in vitro method that simulated the physiological conditions of the digestive process was applied to samples taken from an old mining site, providing information on the levels of metals (Cd, Pb and As) that can be ingested and assimilated by humans. Samples were first characterized by determining pH, texture, mineralogical composition and total metal contents. The mean pH value was 5.4, ranging from 3.1 to 8.4. The mean total metal content for Pb was 2,632+/-59 mg kg(-1), 65+/-1.5 mg kg(-1) for Cd and 279.9+/-9.9 mg kg(-1) for As. Cadmium was the most bioavailable metal both in the stomach and intestinal phases (mean value of 47% and 27.8%, respectively), followed by lead (25.3% and 11.5%) and arsenic (4.9% and 0.5%). A Pearson correlation matrix suggested that pH and mineralogical composition were important factors controlling metal bioavailability from materials in abandoned mining sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Navarro
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, E-30071 Murcia, Spain
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Galisteo M, Suárez A, Montilla MP, Torres MI, Fernandez MI, Gil A, Navarro MC. Protective effects of Rosmarinus tomentosus ethanol extract on thioacetamide-induced liver cirrhosis in rats. Phytomedicine 2006; 13:101-8. [PMID: 16360939 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2004.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2004] [Accepted: 06/02/2004] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The capability of an ethanol extract of Rosmarinus tomentosus to protect rat liver in an experimental model of cirrhosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA) has been evaluated. Four groups of rats were used: Two of them received 300 mg TAA/l in the drinking water for 3 months while the other two, which served as controls, were given water ad libitum. During the same period and for each one of the treatments, one group received a semi-purified (SP) diet and the other one was fed the same diet supplemented with 1% of the dry residue obtained from R. tomentosus ethanol extract (SP+E). There was a significant reduction of TAA toxicity in rats fed the SP+E diet, as assessed by plasma and liver biochemical markers, and by liver histopathology. Plasma total protein concentration was restored, urea concentration and plasma alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl-transferase activities were reduced. A significant correction of plasma fatty acids concentrations was also evident. Hepatic alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl-transferase activities were significantly reduced in animals fed SP+E diet and glucose-6-phosphatase activity was significantly enhanced. The results suggest that R. tomentosus ethanol extract administered in the diet affords protection against TAA-induced cirrhosis, preventing most of the histological changes and functionality alterations own to this experimental pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Galisteo
- Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
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De Lima AR, Medina R, Uzcanga GL, Noris Suárez K, Contreras VT, Navarro MC, Arteaga R, Bubis J. Tight binding between a pool of the heterodimeric α/β tubulin and a protein kinase CK2 inTrypanosoma cruziepimastigotes. Parasitology 2005; 132:511-23. [PMID: 16332290 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182005009352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2005] [Revised: 09/28/2005] [Accepted: 09/28/2005] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Tubulin is the predominant phosphoprotein inTrypanosoma cruziepimastigotes and is phosphorylated by a protein kinase CK2. Interestingly, the presence or absence of divalent cations affected the solubilization of a pool of the parasite tubulin and the CK2 responsible for its phosphorylation. This fraction of tubulin and its kinase co-eluted using phosphocellulose, DEAE-Sepharose and Sephacryl S-300 chromatographies. Anti-α tubulin antibodies co-immunoprecipitated both tubulin and the CK2 responsible for its phosphorylation, and anti-CK2 α-subunit antibodies immunoprecipitated radioactively labelled α and β tubulin from phosphorylated epimastigote homogenates. Additionally, native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the purified and radioactively labelled fraction containing tubulin and its kinase demonstrated the phosphorylation of a unique band that reacted with both anti-CK2 α-subunit and anti-tubulin antibodies. Together, these results establish a strong interaction between a pool of the heterodimeric α/β tubulin and a CK2 in this parasite. Hydrodynamic measurements indicated that theT. cruzitubulin-CK2 complex is globular with an estimated size of 145·4–147·5 kDa.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R De Lima
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Apartado 89.000, Valle de Sartenejas, Caracas 1081-A, Venezuela
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Trejo CA, Navarro MC, Ambriz GD, Rosado A. Effect of maternal age and parity on preimplantation embryo development and transport in the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus). Lab Anim 2005; 39:290-7. [PMID: 16004688 DOI: 10.1258/0023677054306999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Preimplantation embryo development was studied in the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus). Three groups of regularly cycling female hamsters were used: (I) 30 nulliparous young female (NYF) hamsters; (II) 24 nulliparous adult female (NAF) hamsters and (III) 30 multiparous adult female (MAF) hamsters. Female hamsters were mated with male hamsters of proven fertility. Only 15 min were allowed for mating. The moment of ejaculation was registered. Female hamsters were killed from 60 to 69 h after coitus. Corpora lutea were counted in both ovarian surfaces. Oviducts and uterine horns were flushed separately and embryo number, stage of development and distribution were recorded. Adult female hamsters, nulliparous and multiparous, had significant higher ovulation rates than NYF, but their reproductive efficiency was significantly lower. Preimplantation embryo development and transport were highly synchronous in NYF, but not in adults. Morulae were observed in NYF as early as 62-63 h after coitus. In adult female hamsters, significant numbers of morulae were found until 66-67 h. On the contrary, in NYF four-cell embryos were detected only until 60-61 h, while four-cell embryos were found until 64-65 h in NAF, and until 66-67 h in MAF. Embryo transport from the oviduct to the uterus is practically completed at 62-63 h after coitus in NYF, while it is evidently retarded in adult animals. In NYF all eight-cell embryos reached the uterus by 62 h after coitus. In adult female hamsters, both nulliparous and multiparous, a considerable number of eight-cell embryos fail to migrate into the uterus even at 67 h after coitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Trejo
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Iztapalapa, Av. Michoacán y Purísima Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa, DF, CP 09340, México.
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Hierro I, Valero A, Pérez P, González P, Cabo MM, Montilla MP, Navarro MC. Action of different monoterpenic compounds against Anisakis simplex s.l. L3 larvae. Phytomedicine 2004; 11:77-82. [PMID: 14971725 DOI: 10.1078/0944-7113-00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Different natural monoterpenes (geraniol, citronellol, citral, carvacrol, cuminaldehyde and eugenol) are studied in vitro against Anisakis simplex s.l. L3 larvae, employing perillaldehyde as a reference substance. Final concentrations used were: 12.50, 6.25 and 3.12 microg/ml for each of the tested products. The parameters average survival, survival 50 and maximum survival were determined at 4, 8, 24 and 48 hours after the start of the experiment. All tested products, except eugenol, were active at the highest concentration (12.50 microg/ml). The damage caused to A. simplex s.l. L3 was by examining histological sections. The antioxidant activity of the tested products by DPPH free radical scavenging does not appear to be associated with their larvicide activity against A. simplex s.l. L3.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hierro
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, Granada, Spain
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Navarro MC, Montilla MP, Cabo MM, Galisteo M, Cáceres A, Morales C, Berger I. Antibacterial, antiprotozoal and antioxidant activity of five plants used in Izabal for infectious diseases. Phytother Res 2003; 17:325-9. [PMID: 12722133 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Methanol and aqueous extracts from fi ve plant species, used in traditional medicine in Guatemala for the treatment of microbial infections, were tested in vitro for their ability to scavenge DPPH, OH(.) and O(2) (-) radicals and to inhibit lipoperoxidation (LPO) in order to establish a relationship between their antioxidant activities and their effects against infectious agents. Acalypha guatemalensis, Ocimum micranthum and Smilax spinosa possessed a significant activity against both the three free radicals assayed and LPO; Guazuma ulmifolia showed effects against DPPH and OH(.). Piper auritum showed no activity. These extracts were also evaluated for antibacterial and antiprotozoal activities. A. guatemalensis showed activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa; S. spinosa was active against Salmonella typhi, and A. guatemalensis, and S. spinosa against Trypanosoma cruzi or Leishmania spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Navarro
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain.
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Menendez MC, Garcia MJ, Navarro MC, Gonzalez-y-Merchand JA, Rivera-Gutierrez S, Garcia-Sanchez L, Cox RA. Characterization of an rRNA operon (rrnB) of Mycobacterium fortuitum and other mycobacterial species: implications for the classification of mycobacteria. J Bacteriol 2002; 184:1078-88. [PMID: 11807068 PMCID: PMC134815 DOI: 10.1128/jb.184.4.1078-1088.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2001] [Accepted: 11/15/2001] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacteria are thought to have either one or two rRNA operons per genome. All mycobacteria investigated to date have an operon, designated rrnA, located downstream from the murA gene. We report that Mycobacteriun fortuitum has a second rrn operon, designated rrnB, which is located downstream from the tyrS gene; tyrS is very close to the 3' end of a gene (3-mag) coding for 3-methylpurine-DNA-glycosylase. The second rrn operon of Mycobacterium smegmatis was shown to have a similar organization, namely, 5' 3-mag-tyrS-rrnB 3'. The rrnB operon of M. fortuitum was found to have a single dedicated promoter. During exponential growth in a rich medium, the rrnB and rrnA operons were the major and minor contributors, respectively, to pre-rRNA synthesis. Genomic DNA was isolated from eight other fast-growing mycobacterial species. Samples were investigated by Southern blot analysis using probes for murA, tyrS, and 16S rRNA sequences. The results revealed that both rrnA and rrnB operons were present in each species. The results form the basis for a proposed new scheme for the classification of mycobacteria. The approach, which is phylogenetic in concept, is based on particular properties of the rrn operons of a cell, namely, the number per genome and a feature of 16S rRNA gene sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Menendez
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28029-Madrid, Spain
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Menendez MC, Palenque E, Navarro MC, Nuñez MC, Rebollo MJ, Garcia MJ. Characterization of a Mycobacterium intracellulare variant strain by molecular techniques. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:4241-6. [PMID: 11724827 PMCID: PMC88531 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.39.12.4241-4246.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes a Mycobacterium intracellulare variant strain causing an unusual infection. Several isolates obtained from an immunocompromised patient were identified as members of the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) by the commercial AccuProbe system and biochemical standard identification. Further molecular approaches were undertaken for a more accurate characterization of the bacteria. Up to seven different genomic sequences were analyzed, ranging from conserved mycobacterial genes such as 16S ribosomal DNA to MAC-specific genes such as mig (macrophage-induced gene). The results obtained identify the isolates as a variant of M. intracellulare, an example of the internal variability described for members of the MAC, particularly within that species. The application of other molecular approaches is recommended for more accurate identification of bacteria described as MAC members.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Menendez
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Sosa M, Láinez P, Arbelo A, Navarro MC. The effect of 25-dihydroxyvitamin D on the bone mineral metabolism of elderly women with hip fracture. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2000; 39:1263-8. [PMID: 11085807 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/39.11.1263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As there is little evidence of the efficacy of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-HCC) in reducing the risk of new fractures in osteoporotic women, we performed an open, prospective study with a follow-up of 1 yr in 58 females over 65 yr of age with osteoporosis and proximal femoral fractures. The patient group received 1 g calcium per day and 10 640 IU 25-HCC per week, while the control group received 1 g calcium daily. Biochemical markers of bone remodelling, serum calcium and parathyroid hormone were determined. Bone mineral density was assessed in the lumbar spine and in the proximal femur by two methods. After 1 yr of treatment, 25-HCC corrected secondary hyperparathyroidism, increased urine calcium excretion, and increased bone mass in the femoral neck, but had no effect upon the appearance of new fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sosa
- University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Department of Medicine and Hospital Universitario Insular, Bone Metabolic Unit, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
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Agil A, Miró M, Jimenez J, Aneiros J, Caracuel MD, García-Granados A, Navarro MC. Isolation of ani-hepatotoxic principle form the juice of Ecballium elaterium. Planta Med 1999; 65:673-675. [PMID: 15609462 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-960847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The antihepatotoxic activity of elaterium (dried juice of the fruits of Ecballium elaterium, Cucurbitaceae) and cucurbitacin B (isolated from the juice) was studied against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. Pre- and posttreatment with elaterium and cucurbitacin B reduced CCl4-hepatotoxicity, as shown reduction in the anormally increased sGPT levels. Posttreatment caused a significant reduction in the degree of steatosis observed inthe control group, treated only with CCl4. In conclusion, elaterium and cucurbitacin B had preventive and curative effects against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Navarro MC, Valencia J, Vázquez C, Cózar E, Villanueva C. Crude Mare Follicular Fluid Exerts Chemotactic Effects on Stallion Spermatozoa. Reprod Domest Anim 1998. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.1998.tb01365.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sosa M, Dominguez M, Navarro MC, Segarra MC, Hernández D, de Pablos P, Betancor P. Bone mineral metabolism is normal in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complications 1996; 10:201-5. [PMID: 8835919 DOI: 10.1016/1056-8727(95)00062-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Because of the previous controversial findings in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), we measured bone-mineral density (BMD) by two different methods, studied biochemical markers of bone remodeling and calciotropic hormones (parathyroid hormone and calcitonin) in women with NIDDM, and compared the results with age-matched controls. Forty-seven women with NIDDM and 252 healthy nondiabetic women as controls were recruited for this study. BMD was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and by quantitative computed tomography (QCT). Biochemical markers of bone remodeling included plasma alkaline phosphatase (AP), osteocalcin (BGP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin (CT), and 24-h urine calcium, hydroxyproline. Diabetic patients were more obese with a higher body-mass index (BMI) than controls. Bone mass was normal in NIDDM, both by DEXA and by QCT. Biochemical markers of bone remodeling, PTH and CT were also normal. There was no statistical correlation between bone mass and any of the other measurements studied. There is no evidence that NIDDM produces any change in bone metabolism or mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sosa
- University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Hospital Insular, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
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Utrilla MP, Navarro MC, Jimenez J, Montilla MP, Martin A. Santolindiacetylene, a polyacetylene derivative isolated from the essential oil of Santolina canescens. J Nat Prod 1995; 58:1749-1752. [PMID: 8594153 DOI: 10.1021/np50125a018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The yield, composition, and some pharmacological activities (hepatoprotective and antioxidant) of the essential oil of Santolina canescens aerial parts have been investigated. The essential oil qualitative data were determined by gc and gc-ms. The main component, santolindiacetylene [1], was isolated and characterized by spectral methods, and the structure assigned as 1-(2'-naphthyl)hexa-2,4-diyne. The protective activities of the essential oil and its main component [1] were evaluated against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in a rat model. In both cases a significant hepatoprotective effect was observed, as evident from the strong decrease of elevated GPT serum levels caused by carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Utrilla
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain
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Fernández-González AL, Llorens R, Herreros JM, Di Stefano S, Barba J, Olavide I, Navarro MC. Intracardiac thrombi after orthotopic heart transplantation: clinical significance and etiologic factors. J Heart Lung Transplant 1994; 13:236-40. [PMID: 8031805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The frequency and clinical significance of intracardiac thrombi after orthotopic heart transplantation are still not fully understood. The aim of this article is to present five patients with heart transplants with intracardiac thrombi and to subject the possible cause, methods of diagnosis, and treatment of this phenomenon to scrutiny. The frequency of intracardiac thrombi may well be higher than anticipated, with emboli occurring only in a small proportion of cases. Hematologic, anatomic, and hemodynamic factors seem to have a bearing on thrombogenesis. Further multicenter studies are required to gain a better understanding of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Fernández-González
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Abstract
1. Enzyme polymorphism, analyzed by starch gel electrophoresis, was found to be zero for acid phosphatase, phosphoglucomutase, phosphoglucose isomerase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme, in one Brazilian and two Venezuelan strains of Schistosoma mansoni. 2. All loci studied were monomorphic within strains, but the isoenzymic patterns were, however, different among the strains. 3. Results suggest a drastic loss of the genetic variability usually found in natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Navarro
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo, Valencia, Venezuela
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Sosa Enríguez M, Betancor León P, Rosas C, Navarro MC. [Multiple sclerosis in the province of Las Palmas]. Arch Neurobiol (Madr) 1983; 46:161-6. [PMID: 6639275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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