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Crapnell R, Banks CE. Electroanalytical Overview: The Determination of Levodopa (L-DOPA). ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2023; 3:84-97. [PMID: 37090256 PMCID: PMC10120037 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
L-DOPA (levodopa) is a therapeutic agent which is the most effective medication for treating Parkinson's disease, but it needs dose optimization, and therefore its analytical determination is required. Laboratory analytical instruments can be routinely used to measure L-DOPA but are not always available in clinical settings and traditional research laboratories, and they also have slow result delivery times and high costs. The use of electroanalytical sensing overcomes these problems providing a highly sensitivity, low-cost, and readily portable solution. Consequently, we overview the electroanalytical determination of L-DOPA reported throughout the literature summarizing the endeavors toward sensing L-DOPA, and we offer insights into future research opportunities.
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Jiwanti PK, Wardhana BY, Sutanto LG, Dewi DMM, Putri IZD, Savitri INI. Recent Development of Nano-Carbon Material in Pharmaceutical Application: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:7578. [PMID: 36364403 PMCID: PMC9654677 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials have attracted researchers in pharmaceutical applications due to their outstanding properties and flexible dimensional structures. Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have electrical properties, high thermal surface area, and high cellular internalization, making them suitable for drug and gene delivery, antioxidants, bioimaging, biosensing, and tissue engineering applications. There are various types of carbon nanomaterials including graphene, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, nanodiamond, quantum dots and many more that have interesting applications in the future. The functionalization of the carbon nanomaterial surface could modify its chemical and physical properties, as well as improve drug loading capacity, biocompatibility, suppress immune response and have the ability to direct drug delivery to the targeted site. Carbon nanomaterials could also be fabricated into composites with proteins and drugs to reduce toxicity and increase effectiveness in the pharmaceutical field. Thus, carbon nanomaterials are very effective for applications in pharmaceutical or biomedical systems. This review will demonstrate the extraordinary properties of nanocarbon materials that can be used in pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prastika K. Jiwanti
- Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Kampus C Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Brasstira Y. Wardhana
- Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Kampus C Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Laurencia G. Sutanto
- Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Kampus C Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Diva Meisya Maulina Dewi
- Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Kampus C Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | | | - Ilmi Nur Indira Savitri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
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Imanzadeh H, Bakirhan NK, Kuralay F, Amiri M, Ozkan SA. Achievements of Graphene and Its Derivatives Materials on Electrochemical Drug Assays and Drug-DNA Interactions. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:1263-1284. [PMID: 34941476 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.2018568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Graphene, emerging as a true two-dimensional (2D) material, has attracted increasing attention due to its unique physical and electrochemical properties such as high surface area, excellent conductivity, high mechanical strength, and ease of functionalization and mass production. The entire scientific community recognizes the significance and potential impact of graphene. Electrochemical detection strategies have advantages such as being simple, fast, and low-cost. The use of graphene as an excellent interface for electrode modification provides a promising way to construct more sensitive and stable electrochemical (bio)sensors. The review presents sensors based on graphene and its derivatives for electrochemical drug assays from pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological samples. Future perspectives in this rapidly developing field are also discussed. In addition, the interaction of several important anticancer drug molecules with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that was immobilized onto graphene-modified electrodes has been detailed in terms of dosage regulation and utility purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Imanzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurgul K Bakirhan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gulhane Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Filiz Kuralay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mandana Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Sibel A Ozkan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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4
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Voltammetric Determination of Levodopa Using Mesoporous Carbon-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Sensors. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21186301. [PMID: 34577507 PMCID: PMC8471602 DOI: 10.3390/s21186301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Levodopa is a precursor of dopamine, having important beneficial effects in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. In this study, levodopa was accurately detected by means of cyclic voltammetry using carbon-based (C-SPCE), mesoporous carbon (MC-SPCE) and ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC-SPCE)-modified screen-printed sensors. Screen-printed carbon sensors were initially used for the electrochemical detection of levodopa in a 10−3 M solution at pH 7.0. The mesoporous carbon with an organized structure led to better electroanalysis results and to lower detection and quantification limits of the OMC-SPCE sensor as compared to the other two studied sensors. The range of linearity obtained and the low values of the detection (0.290 µM) and quantification (0.966 µM) limit demonstrate the high sensitivity and accuracy of the method for the determination of levodopa in real samples. Therefore, levodopa was detected by means of OMC-SPCE in three dietary supplements produced by different manufacturers and having various concentrations of the active compound, levodopa. The results obtained by cyclic voltammetry were compared with those obtained by using the FTIR method and no significant differences were observed. OMC-SPCE proved to be stable, and the electrochemical responses did not vary by more than 3% in repeated immersions in a solution with the same concentration of levodopa. In addition, the interfering compounds did not significantly influence the peaks related to the presence of levodopa in the solution to be analyzed.
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Mohanta D, Mahanta A, Mishra SR, Jasimuddin S, Ahmaruzzaman M. Novel SnO 2@ZIF-8/gC 3N 4 nanohybrids for excellent electrochemical performance towards sensing of p-nitrophenol. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:111077. [PMID: 33794171 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a novel synthetic strategy has been proposed to prepare engineered SnO2@ZIF-8/gC3N4 nanohybrids for electrochemical sensing of p-nitrophenol (p-NP). The electrochemical properties were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The developed nanohybrid sensor displayed an excellent electrochemical performance towards sensing of p-NP with a detection limit of 0.565 μM. The sensitivity of the prepared nanohybrid was found to be 2.63 μAcm-2μM-1. Moreover, the newly fabricated sensor exhibited remarkable selectivity (over tenfold excess) in the presence of common interferents. The simultaneous detection of isomers of nitrophenol is difficult using the developed sensor. However, other common interferents, such as phenol and aminophenol have negligible effects on the sensitivity of SnO2@ZIF-8/gC3N4 towards the detection of p-nitrophenol. Further, the newly developed sensor showed consistency of sensing response up to 30 days. Thus, implementation of SnO2@ZIF-8/gC3N4 nanohybrids as a p-NP electrochemical sensor offers the advantages of simplicity, selectivity, and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipyaman Mohanta
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Assam, 788010, India
| | - Abhinandan Mahanta
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, 788010, India
| | - Soumya Ranjan Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Assam, 788010, India
| | - Sk Jasimuddin
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, 788010, India
| | - Md Ahmaruzzaman
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Assam, 788010, India.
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Solaem Akond U, Barman K, Mahanta A, Jasimuddin S. Electrochemical Sensor for Detection of p‐Nitrophenol Based on Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles/α‐Cyclodextrin Functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Koushik Barman
- Department of Chemistry Assam University Silchar Assam-788011 India
- Department of Chemistry Queens College-CUNY Flushing NY, 11367 USA
| | | | - Sk. Jasimuddin
- Department of Chemistry Assam University Silchar Assam-788011 India
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Chen Y, Sun X, Biswas S, Xie Y, Wang Y, Hu X. Integrating polythiophene derivates to PCN-222(Fe) for electrocatalytic sensing of L-dopa. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 141:111470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Mosammam MK, Ganjali MR, Habibi-Kool-Gheshlaghi M, Faridbod F. Electroanalysis of Catecholamine Drugs using Graphene Modified Electrodes. CURR ANAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666180917113206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Catecholamine drugs are a family of electroactive pharmaceutics, which are
widely analyzed through electrochemical methods. However, for low level online determination and
monitoring of these compounds, which is very important for clinical and biological studies, modified
electrodes having high signal to noise ratios are needed. Numerous materials including nanomaterials
have been widely used as electrode modifies for these families during the years. Among them, graphene
and its family, due to their remarkable properties in electrochemistry, were extensively used in
modification of electrochemical sensors.
Objective:
In this review, working electrodes which have been modified with graphene and its derivatives
and applied for electroanalyses of some important catecholamine drugs are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahya Karami Mosammam
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Habibi-Kool-Gheshlaghi
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnoush Faridbod
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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A novel 3D porous graphene foam prepared by chemical vapor deposition using nickel nanoparticles: Electrochemical determination of levodopa in the presence of uric acid. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Selective determination of L-dopa in the presence of ascorbic acid and uric acid using a 3D graphene foam. J Solid State Electrochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-018-4047-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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11
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Barman K, Changmai B, Jasimuddin S. Electrochemical Detection of Para-nitrophenol using Copper Metal Nanoparticles Modified Gold Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Barman
- Department of Chemistry; Assam University, Silchar; Assam- 788011 India
| | | | - Sk Jasimuddin
- Department of Chemistry; Assam University, Silchar; Assam- 788011 India
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12
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Kumar DR, Kesavan S, Baynosa ML, Shim JJ. 3,5-Diamino-1,2,4-triazole@electrochemically reduced graphene oxide film modified electrode for the electrochemical determination of 4-nitrophenol. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.06.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Silva TR, Smaniotto A, Vieira IC. Exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets and gold nanoparticles based electrochemical sensor for determination of levodopa. J Solid State Electrochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-017-3677-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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SAVAN EKUYUMCU, ERDOĞDU G. Simultaneous determination of levodopa and benserazide using poly(3-methylthiophene) and a multi-walled carbon nanotube sensor. J Solid State Electrochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-017-3549-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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The application of graphene for in vitro and in vivo electrochemical biosensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 89:224-233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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16
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Arvand M, Pourhabib A, Giahi M. Square wave voltammetric quantification of folic acid, uric acid and ascorbic acid in biological matrix. J Pharm Anal 2017; 7:110-117. [PMID: 29404025 PMCID: PMC5686866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, modified electrodes with metal nanoparticles have appeared as an alternative for the electroanalysis of various compounds. In this study, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were chosen as interesting metal nanoparticles for modifying of carbon paste electrode (CPE). GNPs and the gold nanoparticles-modified carbon paste electrode (GNPs/CPE) were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). GNPs/CPE as a simple and sensitive electrode was used to study three important biological molecules: folic acid (FA), uric acid (UA) and ascorbic acid (AA). Square wave voltammetry (SWV) was used as an accurate technique for quantitative measurements. A good linear relation was observed between anodic peak current (ipa) and FA (5.2 × 10−6 – 2.5 × 10−5 M), UA (1.2 × 10−6 – 2.1 × 10−5 M) and AA (1.2 × 10−6 – 2.5 × 10−5 M) concentrations in simultaneous determination of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Arvand
- Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Namjoo Street, P.O. Box: 1914, Rasht, Iran
| | - Akram Pourhabib
- Education Organization of Guilan Province, Farhang Square, P.O. Box: 41849-83111, Rasht, Iran
| | - Masoud Giahi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box: 1616, Lahijan, Iran
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Wu F, Huang T, Hu Y, Yang X, Ouyang Y, Xie Q. Differential pulse voltammetric simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid on a glassy carbon electrode modified with electroreduced graphene oxide and imidazolium groups. Mikrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-016-1895-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yue HY, Zhang H, Huang S, Lin XY, Gao X, Chang J, Yao LH, Guo EJ. Synthesis of ZnO nanowire arrays/3D graphene foam and application for determination of levodopa in the presence of uric acid. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 89:592-597. [PMID: 26852156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.01.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) graphene foam (GF) was prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using nickel foam as the template. ZnO nanowire arrays (ZnO NWAs) were vertically grown on the 3D GF by hydrothermal synthesis to prepare ZnO NWAs/GF. This hybrid combines the properties of ZnO NWAs and 3D GF, which has favorable electrocatalysis and outstanding electrical conductivity. The vertically aligned ZnO NWAs grown on the GF enlarged the electroactive surface area, which was investigated from the Fe(CN)63-4+ redox kinetic study. The ZnO NWAs/GF was used as an electrochemical electrode for the determination of Levodopa (LD) in the presence of uric acid (UA). The electrochemical responses of the ZnO NWAs/GF electrode were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The results show that the sensitivity of the electrode for LD is 3.15μAμM-1 in the concentration range of 0.05-20μM and the measured detection limit of the electrode for LD is 50nM. The electrode also shows good selectivity, reproducibility and stability. The proposed electrode is succsefully used to determine LD in human plasma samples and it is potential for use in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yan Yue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Yu Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Hui Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Er Jun Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
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Ardeshirzadeh B, Anaraki NA, Irani M, Rad LR, Shamshiri S. Controlled release of doxorubicin from electrospun PEO/chitosan/graphene oxide nanocomposite nanofibrous scaffolds. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 48:384-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Baptista FR, Belhout SA, Giordani S, Quinn SJ. Recent developments in carbon nanomaterial sensors. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:4433-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00379a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The structural diversity of carbon nanomaterials provides an array of unique electronic, magnetic and optical properties, which when combined with their robust chemistry and ease of manipulation, makes them attractive candidates for sensor applications. In this review recent developments in the use of carbon nanoparticles and nanostructures as sensors and biosensors are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. A. Belhout
- School of Chemistry
- University College Dublin
- Dublin 4
- Ireland
| | - S. Giordani
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT)
- Nano Carbon Materials
- Nanophysics Department
- 16163 Genova
- Italy
| | - S. J. Quinn
- School of Chemistry
- University College Dublin
- Dublin 4
- Ireland
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22
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Arvand M, Anvari M. Graphene nanosheets as a sensing platform for amplified electrochemical measurement of quercetin and uric acid in biological fluids. CAN J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2014-0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A simple and selective electrochemical method was investigated for the simultaneous determination of quercetin (Qu) and uric acid (UA) in aqueous media (citrate buffer solution, pH 4.0) on a glassy carbon electrode modified with graphene nanosheets as a sensing platform (GNSs/GCE). Cyclic voltammetry, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to characterize the nanostructure of the sensor. Separation of the oxidation peak potentials for Qu and UA was about 160 mV, and the anodic currents for the oxidation of both Qu and UA are greatly increased at GNSs/GCE, which makes it suitable for simultaneous determination of these compounds. The detection limits were 0.0011 and 0.0137 μmol/L for Qu and UA, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of Qu and UA in human blood serum and urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Arvand
- Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Namjoo Street, P.O. Box 1914, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mohsen Anvari
- Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Namjoo Street, P.O. Box 1914, Rasht, Iran
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23
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Giribabu K, Suresh R, Manigandan R, Munusamy S, Kumar SP, Muthamizh S, Narayanan V. Nanomolar determination of 4-nitrophenol based on a poly(methylene blue)-modified glassy carbon electrode. Analyst 2014; 138:5811-8. [PMID: 23897002 DOI: 10.1039/c3an00941f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A poly(methylene blue)-modified glassy carbon electrode (PMB/GCE) was fabricated by electropolymerisation of methylene blue on a GCE and further utilized to investigate the electrochemical determination of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry and chronocoulometry. The morphology of the PMB on GCE was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). An oxidation peak of 4-NP at the PMB modified electrode was observed at 0.28 V, and in the case of bare GCE, no oxidation peak was observed, which indicates that PMB/GCE exhibits a remarkable effect on the electrochemical determination of 4-NP. Due to this remarkable effect of PMB/GCE, a sensitive and simple electrochemical method was proposed for the determination of 4-NP. The effect of the scan rate and pH was investigated to determine the optimum conditions at which the PMB/GCE exhibits a higher sensitivity with a lower detection limit. Moreover, kinetic parameters such as the electron transfer number, proton transfer number and standard heterogeneous rate constant were calculated. Under optimum conditions, the oxidation current of 4-NP is proportional to its concentration in the range of 15-250 nM with a correlation coefficient of 0.9963. The detection limit was found to be 90 nM (S/N = 3). The proposed method based on PMB/GCE is simple, easy and cost effective. To further confirm its possible application, the proposed method was successfully used for the determination of 4-NP in real water samples with recoveries ranging from 97% to 101.6%. The interference due to sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc, iron, sulphate, carbonate, chloride, nitrate and phosphate was found to be almost negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamoorthy Giribabu
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Maraimalai Campus, Chennai-600025, India.
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The electrochemical activities of anthraquinone monosulfonate adsorbed on the basal plane of reduced graphene oxide by π–π stacking interaction. J Solid State Electrochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-013-2145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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