1
|
Qiu S, Du J, Zhu T, Zhang H, Chen S, Wang C, Chen D, Lu S. Electrospun compliant heparinized elastic vascular graft for improving the patency after implantation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126598. [PMID: 37660861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The low patency rate after artificial blood vessel replacement is mainly due to the ineffective use of anticoagulant factors and the mismatch of mechanical compliance after transplantation. Electrospun nanofibers with biomimetic extracellular matrix three-dimensional structure and tunable mechanical strength are excellent carriers for heparin. In this work, we have designed and synthesized a series of biodegradable poly(ester-ether-urethane)ureas (BEPU), following compound with optimized constant concentration of heparin by homogeneous emulsion blending, then spun into the hybrid BEPU/heparin nanofibers tubular graft for replacing rats' abdominal aorta in situ for comprehensive performance evaluation. The results in vitro demonstrated that the electrospun L-PEUUH (LDI-based PEUU with heparin) vascular graft was of regular microstructure, optimum surface wettability, matched mechanical properties, reliable cytocompatibility, and strongest endothelialization in situ. Replacement of resected abdominal artery with the L-PEUUH vascular graft in rat showed that the graft was capable of homogeneous hybrid heparin and significantly promoted the stabilization of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), as well as stabilizing the blood microenvironment. This research demonstrates the L-PEUUH vascular graft with substantial patency, indicating their potential for injured vascular healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shouji Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, The Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 1609 Xietu Rd., Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Juan Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Rd., Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Tonghe Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Rd., Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Rd., Shanghai 200127, PR China
| | - Sihao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Rd., Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, The Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 1609 Xietu Rd., Shanghai 200032, PR China.
| | - Dian Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Rd., Shanghai 200127, PR China.
| | - Shuyang Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, The Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 1609 Xietu Rd., Shanghai 200032, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stahl A, Hao D, Barrera J, Henn D, Lin S, Moeinzadeh S, Kim S, Maloney W, Gurtner G, Wang A, Yang YP. A bioactive compliant vascular graft modulates macrophage polarization and maintains patency with robust vascular remodeling. Bioact Mater 2023; 19:167-178. [PMID: 35510174 PMCID: PMC9034314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional synthetic vascular grafts are associated with significant failure rates due to their mismatched mechanical properties with the native vessel and poor regenerative potential. Though different tissue engineering approaches have been used to improve the biocompatibility of synthetic vascular grafts, it is still crucial to develop a new generation of synthetic grafts that can match the dynamics of native vessel and direct the host response to achieve robust vascular regeneration. The size of pores within implanted biomaterials has shown significant effects on macrophage polarization, which has been further confirmed as necessary for efficient vascular formation and remodeling. Here, we developed biodegradable, autoclavable synthetic vascular grafts from a new polyurethane elastomer and tailored the grafts' interconnected pore sizes to promote macrophage populations with a pro-regenerative phenotype and improve vascular regeneration and patency rate. The synthetic vascular grafts showed similar mechanical properties to native blood vessels, encouraged macrophage populations with varying M2 to M1 phenotypic expression, and maintained patency and vascular regeneration in a one-month rat carotid interposition model and in a four-month rat aortic interposition model. This innovative bioactive synthetic vascular graft holds promise to treat clinical vascular diseases. Small diameter vascular grafts were fabricated from a new elastomeric polyurethane designed for vascular tissue engineering. The grafts combined excellent elasticity, strength, porosity, hemocompatibility, degradability, and biocompatibility. In vivo, grafts maintained patency for four months and supported tissue regeneration resembling the native arterial wall. Pore size was found to influence graft characteristics and efficacy.
Collapse
|
3
|
Xing Y, Gu Y, Guo L, Guo J, Xu Z, Xiao Y, Fang Z, Wang C, Feng ZG, Wang Z. Gelatin coating promotes in situ endothelialization of electrospun polycaprolactone vascular grafts. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2021; 32:1161-1181. [PMID: 33830866 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2021.1909413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Rapid endothelialization is crucial for in situ tissue engineering vascular grafts to prevent graft failure in the long-term. Gelatin is a promising nature material that can promote endothelial cells (ECs) adhesion, proliferation, and migration. In this study, the internal surface of electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) vascular grafts was coated with gelatin. Endothelialization and vascular wall remolding were investigated by imaging and histological studies in the rat abdominal aorta replacement model. The endothelialization of heparinized gelatin-coated PCL (GP-H) vascular grafts was more rapid and complete than heparinized PCL (P-H) grafts. Intimal hyperplasia was milder in the GP-H vascular grafts than the P-H vascular grafts in the long-term. Meanwhile, smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and extracellular matrix (ECM) regeneration were better in the GP-H vascular grafts. By comparison, an aneurysm was observed in the P-H group in 6 months. Calcification was observed in both groups. All vascular grafts were patient after implantation in both groups. Our results showed that gelatin coating on the internal surface of PCL grafts is a simple and effective way to promote endothelialization. A more rapid endothelialization and complete endothelium can inhibit intimal hyperplasia in the long-term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuehao Xing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongquan Gu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lianrui Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianming Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zeqin Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghao Xiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiping Fang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zeng-Guo Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonggao Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li X, Xu J, Bartolák-Suki E, Jiang J, Tien J. Evaluation of 1-mm-diameter endothelialized dense collagen tubes in vascular microsurgery. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:2441-2449. [PMID: 32017412 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although much progress has been made in engineering vascular grafts for large- and small-diameter arterial repair or bypass, the extension of these results to the microsurgical size scale has been challenging. Here, we evaluated the use of dense collagen tubes (outer diameter 1 mm, inner diameter 0.5 mm) for vascular microsurgery as interpositional grafts to the femoral artery of Lewis rats. These tubes were formed by dehydrating tubular collagen gels around a mandrel, crosslinking them with genipin, seeding with syngeneic endothelial cells, and culturing before implantation by suture anastomosis. The retention of a confluent endothelial lining inside the tubes after mock surgical handling depended strongly on the crosslinker concentration and culture time. Optimized preparation conditions enabled retention of endothelium after mock surgical handling in ~80% of tubes and maintenance of patency 7 days after implantation in ~40% of grafts. Histological analysis showed the development of granulation tissue and the presence of CD31-positive structures on the inner and outer surfaces of implants. This study provides a proof-of-principle demonstration that endothelialized dense collagen tubes can remain patent for up to 7 days after vascular microsurgery, and points to the importance of mild scaffold crosslinking for maintaining firm endothelial adhesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyue Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - John Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joe Tien
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tanaka T, Tanaka R, Ogawa Y, Takagi Y, Asakura T. Development of Small-diameter Polyester Vascular Grafts Coated with Silk Fibroin Sponge. Organogenesis 2019; 16:1-13. [PMID: 31679437 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2019.1686295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the demand for functional small-diameter (< 6 mm) artificial vascular grafts has greatly increased due to an increase in the number of patients with vascular heart disease. However, currently, there are no available commercial small-diameter grafts. The objective of this research was to develop a porous silk fibroin (SF)-coated poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) graft with a diameter < 6 mm. The graft was compared with a gelatin-coated PET graft because the latter PET graft with a diameter ~ 6 mm was widely used as a commercial vascular graft. Initially, porous SF was prepared using Glyc as the porogen [termed SF(Glyc)] and the PET grafts were prepared through the double-Raschel knitting method. Subsequently, the degradation of the SF coating was monitored using protease XIV in vitro and was compared with that observed in gelatin-coated PET grafts. Finally, these grafts were also implanted into rats for an in vivo comparison. In degradation experiments, after 7 days, the SF was clearly digested by protease XIV, but the gelatin on the graft was still remained at the outer surface. In implantation experiments in rats, the SF(Glyc)-coated PET graft was rapidly degraded in vivo and remodeling to self-tissues was promoted compared with the gelatin-coated PET graft. Thrombus formation and intimal hyperplasia were observed in the gelatin-coated PET graft; however, such side reactions were not observed in the SF(Glyc)-coated PET graft. Thus, the porous SF(Glyc)-coated PET graft with a small diameter < 6 mm may be useful as a commercial vascular graft.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Tanaka
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Tanaka
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Ogawa
- Fukui Wrap Knitting Co., Ltd, Fukui, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuo Asakura
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ilanlou S, Khakbiz M, Amoabediny G, Mohammadi J. Preclinical studies of acellular extracellular matrices as small-caliber vascular grafts. Tissue Cell 2019; 60:25-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
7
|
Asakura T, Tanaka T, Tanaka R. Advanced Silk Fibroin Biomaterials and Application to Small-Diameter Silk Vascular Grafts. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:5561-5577. [PMID: 33405687 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As the incidences of cardiovascular diseases have been on the rise in recent years, the need for small-diameter artificial vascular grafts is increasing globally. Although synthetic polymers such as expanded polytetrafluoroethylene or poly(ethylene terephthalate) have been successfully used for artificial vascular grafts ≥6 mm in diameter, they fail at smaller diameters (<6 mm) due to thrombus formation and intimal hyperplasia. Thus, development of vascular grafts for small diameter vessel replacement that are <6 mm in diameter remains a major clinical challenge. Silk fibroin (SF) from Bombyx mori silkworm is well-known as an excellent textile and also has been used as suture material in surgery for more than 2000 years. Many attempts to develop small-diameter SF vascular grafts with <6 mm in diameter have been reported. Here, research and development in small-diameter vascular grafts with SF are reviewed as follows: (1) the heterogeneous structure of SF fiber (Silk II), including the packing arrangements and type II β-turn structure of SF (Silk I*) before spinning; (2) SF modified by transgenic silkworm, which is more suitable for vascular grafts; (3) preparation of small-diameter SF vascular grafts; (4) characterization of SF in the hydrated state, including dynamics of water molecules by nuclear magnetic resonance; and (5) evaluation of the SF grafts by in vivo implantation experiment. According to the findings, SF is a promising material for small-diameter vascular graft development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Asakura
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Ryo Tanaka
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Freestanding hierarchical vascular structures engineered from ice. Biomaterials 2019; 192:334-345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
9
|
Tissue-engineered submillimeter-diameter vascular grafts for free flap survival in rat model. Biomaterials 2018; 179:156-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
10
|
Lee KW, Gade PS, Dong L, Zhang Z, Aral AM, Gao J, Ding X, Stowell CE, Nisar MU, Kim K, Reinhardt DP, Solari MG, Gorantla VS, Robertson AM, Wang Y. A biodegradable synthetic graft for small arteries matches the performance of autologous vein in rat carotid arteries. Biomaterials 2018; 181:67-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
11
|
Stowell CET, Wang Y. Quickening: Translational design of resorbable synthetic vascular grafts. Biomaterials 2018; 173:71-86. [PMID: 29772461 PMCID: PMC6492619 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Traditional tissue-engineered vascular grafts have yet to gain wide clinical use. The difficulty of scaling production of these cell- or biologic-based products has hindered commercialization. In situ tissue engineering bypasses such logistical challenges by using acellular resorbable scaffolds. Upon implant, the scaffolds become remodeled by host cells. This review describes the scientific and translational advantages of acellular, synthetic vascular grafts. It surveys in vivo results obtained with acellular synthetics over their fifty years of technological development. Finally, it discusses emerging principles, highlights strategic considerations for designers, and identifies questions needing additional research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yadong Wang
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhao Q, Cui H, Wang J, Chen H, Wang Y, Zhang L, Du X, Wang M. Regulation Effects of Biomimetic Hybrid Scaffolds on Vascular Endothelium Remodeling. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:23583-23594. [PMID: 29943973 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b06205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The formation of complete and well-functioning endothelium is critical for the success of tissue-engineered vascular grafts yet remaining a fundamental challenge. Endothelium remodeling onto the lumen of tissue-engineered vascular grafts is affected by their topographical, mechanical, and biochemical characteristics. For meeting multiple requirements, composite strategies have recently emerged for fabricating hybrid scaffolds, where the integrated properties are tuned by varying their compositions. However, the underlying principle how the integrated properties of hybrid scaffolds regulate vascular endothelium remodeling remains unclear. To uncover the regulation effects of hybrid scaffolds on vascular endothelium remodeling, we prepared different biomimetic hybrid scaffolds using gelatin methacrylamide (GelMA) and poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) and then investigated vascular endothelial cell responses on them. GelMA and PCL, respectively, conferred the resulting scaffolds with biomimetic bioactivity and mechanical properties, which were tuned by varying GelMA/PCL mass ratios (3:1, 1:1, or 1:3). On different GelMA/PCL hybrid scaffolds, distinct vascular endothelial cell responses were observed. Firm cell-scaffold/cell-cell interactions were rapidly established on the hybrid scaffolds with the highest mass ratio of bioactive GelMA. However, they were mechanically insufficient as vascular grafts. On the contrary, the scaffolds with the highest mass ratio of PCL showed significantly reinforced mechanical properties but poor biological performance. Between the two extremes, the scaffolds with the same GelMA/PCL mass ratio balanced the pros and cons of two materials. Therefore, they could meet the mechanical requirements of vascular grafts and support the early-stage vascular endothelial cell remodeling by appropriate biological signaling and mechanotransduction. This investigation experimentally proves that scaffold bioactivity is the dominant factor affecting vascular endothelial cell adhesion and remodeling, whereas mechanical properties are crucial factors for the integrity of endothelium. This work offers a universal design strategy for desirable vascular grafts for improved endothelium remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT) , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Huanqing Cui
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT) , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT) , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Hongxu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT) , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Yunlong Wang
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT) , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Lidong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , China
| | - Xuemin Du
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT) , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ishii D, Enmi JI, Iwai R, Kurisu K, Tatsumi E, Nakayama Y. One year Rat Study of iBTA-induced “Microbiotube” Microvascular Grafts With an Ultra-Small Diameter of 0.6 mm. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2018; 55:882-887. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
14
|
Chen Q, Jiang X, Feng L. Experimental studies on preparation of the porous and small-diameter poly(ε-caprolactone) external vascular scaffold and its degradability and biocompatibility. Regen Med Res 2018; 6:2. [PMID: 29856704 PMCID: PMC6413829 DOI: 10.1051/rmr/180001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study was aim to prepare a porous poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) biodegradable external vascular scaffold by dipping and leaching method, and to assess its mechanical property, degradability and biocompatibility. Methods: We used the PCL-1, PCL-2 as the raw materials and NaCl particles as the pore-forming agents to construct a porous PCL external vascular scaffold. We tested the mechanical property of the porous PCL external vascular scaffold. The degradability of the scaffold was studied in the presence of thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TL lipase). After 1, 3, and 5, 7 days, the samples were taken out, and the pH of the media was measured. The form-stability of the scaffold was investigated by macroscopic observation and the microstructure of it was observed by SEM. The cytotoxicity of the scaffold was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. Results: PCL-1 could make a white integrated external vascular scaffold with uniform texture. When the concentration of NaCl was less than or equal to 50%, the tensile strength of the porous PCL-1 external vascular scaffolds were higher than 4.2 Mpa, which meet the demand of clinical vascular transplantation. With the degradation of the scaffold in the lipase media, the form-stability of the scaffold was seriously destroyed, the surface of the scaffold began to degrade with some honeycomb holes, and the pH of the media values were lower than the initial reading of 7.4. Rat adipose-derived stem cells (rADSCs) cultured in the extractions of the porous PCL external vascular scaffold had good proliferation and cell morphology compared to the control group. Conclusion: The porous PCL-1-50 external vascular scaffold, with the 50% concentration of NaCl, had the maximum porosity on the basis of enough mechanical strength which meets the demand of clinical vascular transplantation. Moreover, it had good biocompatibility with rADSCs and the degradation mechanism of the scaffold was surface degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xia Jiang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Li Feng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China - Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li X, Xu J, Nicolescu CT, Marinelli JT, Tien J. Generation, Endothelialization, and Microsurgical Suture Anastomosis of Strong 1-mm-Diameter Collagen Tubes. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:335-344. [PMID: 27998245 PMCID: PMC5397228 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-engineered vascular grafts that are based on reconstituted extracellular matrices have been plagued by weak mechanical strength that prevents handling or anastomosis to native vessels. In this study, we devise a method for making dense, suturable collagen tubular constructs of diameter ≤1 mm for potential microsurgical applications, by dehydrating tubes of native rat tail type I collagen and crosslinking them with 20 mM genipin. Crosslinked dense collagen tubes with 1 mm inner diameter yielded ultimate tensile strength of 342 ± 15 gF and burst pressure of 1313 ± 156 mm Hg, comparable to the strength of a rat femoral artery, and supported endothelial cell adhesion and growth. End-to-end anastomosis of 0.5-mm-diameter tubes to explanted arteries displayed anastomotic strength of 82 ± 21 gF, which is sufficient for surgical applications. In vivo implantation of cell-free tubes as interpositional grafts in the rat femoral circulation yielded stable anastomosis with blood flow for 20 min. Seeded dense collagen tubes represent a promising alternative to venous graft that can potentially be used to bridge between short artery stubs in replantation surgeries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyue Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Calin T. Nicolescu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Joe Tien
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Brookline, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fast-degrading bioresorbable arterial vascular graft with high cellular infiltration inhibits calcification of the graft. J Vasc Surg 2016; 66:243-250. [PMID: 27687327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2016.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bioresorbable vascular grafts are biologically active grafts that are entirely reconstituted by host-derived cells through an inflammation-mediated degradation process. Calcification is a detrimental condition that can severely affect graft performance. Therefore, prevention of calcification is of great importance to the success of bioresorbable arterial vascular grafts. The objective of this study was to test whether fast-degrading (FD) bioresorbable arterial grafts with high cellular infiltration will inhibit calcification of grafts. METHODS We created two versions of bioresorbable arterial vascular grafts, slow-degrading (SD) grafts and FD grafts. Both grafts had the same inner layer composed of a 50:50 poly(l-lactic-co-ε-caprolactone) copolymer scaffold. However, the outer layer of SD grafts was composed of poly(l-lactic acid) nanofiber, whereas the outer layer of FD grafts was composed of a combination of poly(l-lactic acid) and polyglycolic acid nanofiber. Both grafts were implanted in 8- to 10-week-old female mice (n = 15 in the SD group, n = 10 in the FD group) as infrarenal aortic interposition conduits. Animals were observed for 8 weeks. RESULTS von Kossa staining showed calcification in 7 of 12 grafts in the SD group but zero in the FD group (P < .01, χ2 test). The cell number in the outer layer of FD grafts was significantly higher than in the SD grafts (SD, 0.87 ± 0.65 × 103/mm2; FD, 2.65 ± 1.91 × 103/mm2; P = .02). CONCLUSIONS The FD bioresorbable arterial vascular graft with high cellular infiltration into the scaffold inhibited calcification of grafts.
Collapse
|
17
|
Fukayama T, Ozai Y, Shimokawadoko H, Aytemiz D, Tanaka R, Machida N, Asakura T. Effect of fibroin sponge coating on in vivo performance of knitted silk small diameter vascular grafts. Organogenesis 2016; 11:137-51. [PMID: 26496652 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2015.1093268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular grafts under 5 mm or less in diameter are not developed due to a problem caused by early thrombus formation, neointimal hyperplasia, etc. Bombyx mori silk fibroin (SF) which has biodegradability and tissue infiltration is focused as tube and coating material of vascular grafts. Coating is an important factor to maintain the strength of the anastomotic region of vascular grafts, and to prevent the blood leak from the vascular grafts after implantation. Therefore, in this research, we focused on the SF concentration of the coating solution, and tissue infiltration and remodeling were compared among each SF concentration. Silk poly (-ethylene) glycol diglycidyl ether (PGDE) coating with concentrations of 1.0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, and 7.5% SF were applied for the double-raschel knitted small-sized vessel with 1.5 mm diameter and 1cm in length. The grafts were implanted in the rat abdominal aorta and removed after 3 weeks or 3 months. Vascular grafts patency was monitored by ultrasound, and morphological evaluation was performed by histopathological examination. SF concentration had no significant effects on the patency rate. However, tissue infiltration was significantly higher in the sample of 2.5% SF in 3 weeks, and 1.0% and 2.5% SF in 3 months. Also, in comparison of length inside of the graft, stenosis were not found in 3 weeks, however, found with 5.0% and 7.5% in 3 months. From these results, it is clear that 2.5% SF coating is the most suitable concentration, based on the characteristics of less stenosis, early tissue infiltration, and less neointimal hyperplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiharu Fukayama
- a Department of Veterinary Surgery ; Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology ; Fuchu, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Yusuke Ozai
- a Department of Veterinary Surgery ; Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology ; Fuchu, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Haruka Shimokawadoko
- b Department of Biotechnology ; Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology; Koganei , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Derya Aytemiz
- b Department of Biotechnology ; Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology; Koganei , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Ryou Tanaka
- a Department of Veterinary Surgery ; Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology ; Fuchu, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Noboru Machida
- c Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Oncology; Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology ; Fuchu, Tokyo , Japan
| | - Tetsuo Asakura
- b Department of Biotechnology ; Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology; Koganei , Tokyo , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Antonova LV, Sevostyanova VV, Kutikhin AG, Mironov AV, Krivkina EO, Shabaev AR, Matveeva VG, Velikanova EA, Sergeeva EA, Burago AY, Vasyukov GY, Glushkova TV, Kudryavtseva YA, Barbarash OL, Barbarash LS. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Improves Physico-Mechanical Properties and Enhances Endothelialization of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/Poly(ε-caprolactone) Small-Diameter Vascular Grafts In vivo. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:230. [PMID: 27524968 PMCID: PMC4965475 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of a natural polymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and a synthetic hydrophobic polymer poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is promising for the preparation of biodegradable and biocompatible small-diameter vascular grafts for bypass surgery. However, physico-mechanical properties and endothelialization rate of PHBV/PCL grafts are poor. We suggested that incorporation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) into PHBV/PCL grafts may improve their physico-mechanical properties and enhance endothelialization. Here we compared morphology, physico-mechanical properties, and in vivo performance of electrospun small-diameter vascular grafts prepared from PHBV/PCL with and without VEGF. Structure of the graft surface and physico-mechanical properties were examined by scanning electron microscopy and universal testing machine, respectively. Grafts were implanted into rat abdominal aorta for 1, 3, and 6 months with the further histological, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence examination. PHBV/PCL grafts with and without VEGF were highly porous and consisted mostly of nanoscale and microscale fibers, respectively. Mean pore diameter and mean pore area were significantly lower in PHBV/PCL/VEGF compared to PHBV/PCL grafts (1.47 μm and 10.05 μm(2); 2.63 μm and 47.13 μm(2), respectively). Durability, elasticity, and stiffness of PHBV/PCL grafts with VEGF were more similar to internal mammary artery compared to those without, particularly 6 months postimplantation. Both qualitative examination and quantitative image analysis showed that three-fourths of PHBV/PCL grafts with VEGF were patent and had many CD31-, CD34-, and vWF-positive cells at their inner surface. However, all PHBV/PCL grafts without VEGF were occluded and had no or a few CD31-positive cells at the inner surface. Therefore, VEGF enhanced endothelialization and improved graft patency at all the time points in a rat abdominal aorta replacement model. In conclusion, PHBV/PCL grafts with VEGF have better biocompatibility and physico-mechanical properties compared to those without. Incorporation of VEGF improves graft patency and accelerates formation of endothelial cell monolayer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larisa V Antonova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases Kemerovo, Russia
| | | | - Anton G Kutikhin
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Andrey V Mironov
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Evgeniya O Krivkina
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Amin R Shabaev
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Vera G Matveeva
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Elena A Velikanova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Evgeniya A Sergeeva
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Andrey Y Burago
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Georgiy Y Vasyukov
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Glushkova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases Kemerovo, Russia
| | | | - Olga L Barbarash
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Leonid S Barbarash
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases Kemerovo, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Biazar E. Application of polymeric nanofibers in medical designs, part II: Neural and cardiovascular tissues. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2016.1180619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
20
|
Cicha I, Singh R, Garlichs CD, Alexiou C. Nano-biomaterials for cardiovascular applications: Clinical perspective. J Control Release 2016; 229:23-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
21
|
Ishii D, Enmi JI, Moriwaki T, Ishibashi-Ueda H, Kobayashi M, Iwana S, Iida H, Satow T, Takahashi JC, Kurisu K, Nakayama Y. Development of in vivo tissue-engineered microvascular grafts with an ultra small diameter of 0.6 mm (MicroBiotubes): acute phase evaluation by optical coherence tomography and magnetic resonance angiography. J Artif Organs 2016; 19:262-9. [PMID: 27003431 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-016-0894-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Biotubes, i.e., in vivo tissue-engineered connective tubular tissues, are known to be effective as vascular replacement grafts with a diameter greater than several millimeters. However, the performance of biotubes with smaller diameters is less clear. In this study, MicroBiotubes with diameters <1 mm were prepared, and their patency was evaluated noninvasively by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). MicroBiotube molds, containing seven stainless wires (diameter 0.5 mm) covered with silicone tubes (outer diameter 0.6 mm) per mold, were embedded into the dorsal subcutaneous pouches of rats. After 2 months, the molds were harvested with the surrounding capsular tissues to obtain seven MicroBiotubes (internal diameter 0.59 ± 0.015 mm, burst pressure 4190 ± 1117 mmHg). Ten-mm-long MicroBiotubes were allogenically implanted into the femoral arteries of rats by end-to-end anastomosis. Cross-sectional OCT imaging demonstrated the patency of the MicroBiotubes immediately after implantation. In a 1-month follow-up MRA, high patency (83.3 %, n = 6) was observed without stenosis, aneurysmal dilation, or elongation. Native-like vascular structure was reconstructed with completely endothelialized luminal surfaces, mesh-like elastin fiber networks, regular circumferential orientation of collagen fibers, and α-SMA-positive cells. Although the long-term patency of MicroBiotubes still needs to be confirmed, they may be useful as an alternative ultra-small-caliber vascular substitute.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daizo Ishii
- Division of Medical Engineering and Materials, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Enmi
- Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Takeshi Moriwaki
- Division of Medical Engineering and Materials, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Hidehiro Iida
- Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Tetsu Satow
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Jun C Takahashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kurisu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Nakayama
- Division of Medical Engineering and Materials, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pashneh-Tala S, MacNeil S, Claeyssens F. The Tissue-Engineered Vascular Graft-Past, Present, and Future. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2015; 22:68-100. [PMID: 26447530 PMCID: PMC4753638 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2015.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 437] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, with this trend predicted to continue for the foreseeable future. Common disorders are associated with the stenosis or occlusion of blood vessels. The preferred treatment for the long-term revascularization of occluded vessels is surgery utilizing vascular grafts, such as coronary artery bypass grafting and peripheral artery bypass grafting. Currently, autologous vessels such as the saphenous vein and internal thoracic artery represent the gold standard grafts for small-diameter vessels (<6 mm), outperforming synthetic alternatives. However, these vessels are of limited availability, require invasive harvest, and are often unsuitable for use. To address this, the development of a tissue-engineered vascular graft (TEVG) has been rigorously pursued. This article reviews the current state of the art of TEVGs. The various approaches being explored to generate TEVGs are described, including scaffold-based methods (using synthetic and natural polymers), the use of decellularized natural matrices, and tissue self-assembly processes, with the results of various in vivo studies, including clinical trials, highlighted. A discussion of the key areas for further investigation, including graft cell source, mechanical properties, hemodynamics, integration, and assessment in animal models, is then presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samand Pashneh-Tala
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield , Broad Lane, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Sheila MacNeil
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield , Broad Lane, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Frederik Claeyssens
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield , Broad Lane, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Catto V, Farè S, Cattaneo I, Figliuzzi M, Alessandrino A, Freddi G, Remuzzi A, Tanzi MC. Small diameter electrospun silk fibroin vascular grafts: Mechanical properties, in vitro biodegradability, and in vivo biocompatibility. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 54:101-11. [PMID: 26046273 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To overcome the drawbacks of autologous grafts currently used in clinical practice, vascular tissue engineering represents an alternative approach for the replacement of small diameter blood vessels. In the present work, the production and characterization of small diameter tubular matrices (inner diameter (ID)=4.5 and 1.5 mm), obtained by electrospinning (ES) of Bombyx mori silk fibroin (SF), have been considered. ES-SF tubular scaffolds with ID=1.5 mm are original, and can be used as vascular grafts in pediatrics or in hand microsurgery. Axial and circumferential tensile tests on ES-SF tubes showed appropriate properties for the specific application. The burst pressure and the compliance of ES-SF tubes were estimated using the Laplace's law. Specifically, the estimated burst pressure was higher than the physiological pressures and the estimated compliance was similar or higher than that of native rat aorta and Goretex® prosthesis. Enzymatic in vitro degradation tests demonstrated a decrease of order and crystallinity of the SF outer surface as a consequence of the enzyme activity. The in vitro cytocompatibility of the ES-SF tubes was confirmed by the adhesion and growth of primary porcine smooth muscle cells. The in vivo subcutaneous implant into the rat dorsal tissue indicated that ES-SF matrices caused a mild host reaction. Thus, the results of this investigation, in which comprehensive morphological and mechanical aspects, in vitro degradation and in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility were considered, indicate the potential suitability of these ES-SF tubular matrices as scaffolds for the regeneration of small diameter blood vessels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Catto
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, Milano, Italy; Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, INSTM, Italy
| | - Silvia Farè
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, Milano, Italy; Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, INSTM, Italy.
| | - Irene Cattaneo
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bioengineering Department, via Stezzano 87, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Marina Figliuzzi
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bioengineering Department, via Stezzano 87, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Antonio Alessandrino
- INNOVHUB - SSI, Div. Stazione Sperimentale per la Seta, via G. Colombo 83, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliano Freddi
- INNOVHUB - SSI, Div. Stazione Sperimentale per la Seta, via G. Colombo 83, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Remuzzi
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bioengineering Department, via Stezzano 87, Bergamo, Italy; Università di Bergamo, Industrial Engineering Department, Via Marconi 5, Dalmine, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Tanzi
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, Milano, Italy; Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, INSTM, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tresoldi C, Pellegata AF, Mantero S. Cells and stimuli in small-caliber blood vessel tissue engineering. Regen Med 2015; 10:505-27. [DOI: 10.2217/rme.15.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The absence of successful solutions in treatments of small-caliber vessel diseases led to the Vascular Tissue Engineering approach to develop functional nonimmunogenic tissue engineered blood vessels. In this context, the choice of cells to be seeded and the microenvironment conditioning are pivotal. Biochemical and biomechanical stimuli seem to activate physiological regulatory pathways that induce the production of molecules and proteins stimulating stem cell differentiation toward vascular lineage and reproducing natural cross-talks among vascular cells to improve the maturation of tissue engineered blood vessels. Thus, this review focuses on (1) available cell sources, and (2) biochemical and biomechanical stimuli, with the final aim to obtain the long-term stability of the endothelium and mechanical properties suitable for withstanding physiological load.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tresoldi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials & Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Filippo Pellegata
- Department of Chemistry, Materials & Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Mantero
- Department of Chemistry, Materials & Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fukayama T, Takagi K, Tanaka R, Hatakeyama Y, Aytemiz D, Suzuki Y, Asakura T. Biological reaction to small-diameter vascular grafts made of silk fibroin implanted in the abdominal aortae of rats. Ann Vasc Surg 2014; 29:341-52. [PMID: 25449988 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bombyx mori silk fibroin (SF) is biocompatible and degradable and has been proposed as a new material for small-diameter vascular grafts. We compared biological reactions to vascular grafts made of SF and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to reveal the potential ability of SF as a base and/or coating materials for vascular prostheses. METHODS SF was combined with PET or gelatin (G) to make 4 types of vascular grafts (SF/SF, SF/G, PET/SF, and PET/G, shown as "base/coating material," respectively), which are 1.5 mm in diameter and 10 mm in length. The 4 types of grafts (n = 6, respectively) were implanted into rat abdominal aortae and explanted 2 weeks or 3 months later. RESULTS Two weeks after implantation, there are no significant differences among the 4 kinds of grafts in biological reactions evaluated by histopathologic examination. However, a remarkable difference was observed after 3 months. The area of tissue infiltration into the inside of the graft wall was approximately 2.5 times larger in SF/SF than that in PET/G. The endothelialization was achieved almost 100% in SF/SF, despite only 50% was achieved in PET/G. CONCLUSIONS Results show that SF has a higher potential as a base of vascular grafts than the commercially available PET/G graft. The larger tissue infiltration area in PET/SF compared with that in PET/G also indicates the potential of SF as a coating material. In the present study, SF delivered promising results as base and coating materials for small-diameter vascular prostheses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiharu Fukayama
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takagi
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryou Tanaka
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yui Hatakeyama
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Derya Aytemiz
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Suzuki
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Asakura
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tara S, Kurobe H, Rocco KA, Maxfield MW, Best CA, Yi T, Naito Y, Breuer CK, Shinoka T. Well-organized neointima of large-pore poly(L-lactic acid) vascular graft coated with poly(L-lactic-co-ε-caprolactone) prevents calcific deposition compared to small-pore electrospun poly(L-lactic acid) graft in a mouse aortic implantation model. Atherosclerosis 2014; 237:684-91. [PMID: 25463106 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tissue engineering techniques have emerged that allow bioresorbable grafts to be implanted that restore function and transform into biologically active arteries. However, these implants are susceptible to calcification during the remodeling process. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of pore size of bioabsorbable grafts in the development of calcification. METHODS Two types of grafts were prepared: a large-pore graft constructed of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA) fibers coated with poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) (PLA-PLCL), and a small-pore graft made of electrospun PLA nanofibers (PLA-nano). Twenty-eight PLA-PLCL grafts and twenty-five PLA-nano grafts were implanted as infra-renal aortic interposition conduits in 8-week-old female SCID/Bg mice, and followed for 12 months after implantation. RESULTS Large-pore PLA-PLCL grafts induced a well-organized neointima after 12 months, and Alizarin Red S staining showed neointimal calcification only in the thin neointima of small-pore PLA-nano grafts. At 12 months, macrophage infiltration, evaluated by F4/80 staining, was observed in the thin neointima of the PLA-nano graft, and there were few vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in this layer. On the other hand, the neointima of the PLA-PLCL graft was composed of abundant VSMCs, and a lower density of macrophages (F4/80 positive cells, PLA-PLCL; 68.1 ± 41.4/mm(2) vs PLA-nano; 188.3 ± 41.9/mm(2), p = 0.007). The VSMCs of PLA-PLCL graft expressed transcription factors of both osteoblasts and osteoclasts. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that in mouse arterial circulation, large-pore PLA-PLCL grafts created a well-organized neointima and prevented calcific deposition compared to small-pore, electrospun PLA-nano grafts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Tara
- Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hirotsugu Kurobe
- Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kevin A Rocco
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mark W Maxfield
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cameron A Best
- Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tai Yi
- Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yuji Naito
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Christopher K Breuer
- Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Toshiharu Shinoka
- Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tara S, Kurobe H, Maxfield MW, Rocco KA, Yi T, Naito Y, Breuer CK, Shinoka T. Evaluation of remodeling process in small-diameter cell-free tissue-engineered arterial graft. J Vasc Surg 2014; 62:734-43. [PMID: 24745941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autologous grafts are used to repair atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases; however, many patients lack suitable donor graft tissue. Recently, tissue engineering techniques have emerged to make biologically active blood vessels. We applied this technique to produce arterial grafts using established biodegradable materials without cell seeding. The grafts were evaluated in vivo for vessel remodeling during 12 months. METHODS Poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) scaffolds reinforced by poly(lactic acid) (PLA) fiber were prepared as arterial grafts. Twenty-eight cell-free grafts were implanted as infrarenal aortic interposition grafts in 8-week-old female SCID/Bg mice. Serial ultrasound and micro computed tomography angiography were used to monitor grafts after implantation. Five grafts were harvested for histologic assessments and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis at time points ranging from 4 months to 1 year after implantation. RESULTS Micro computed tomography indicated that most implanted mice displayed aneurysmal changes (three of five mice at 4 months, four of five mice at 8 months, and two of five mice at 12 months). Histologic assessments demonstrated extensive tissue remodeling leading to the development of well-circumscribed neovessels with an endothelial inner lining, a neointima containing smooth muscle cells and elastin, and a collagen-rich extracellular matrix. There were a few observed calcified deposits, located around residual PLA fibers at 12 months after implantation. Macrophage infiltration into the scaffold, as evaluated by F4/80 immunohistochemical staining, remained after 12 months and was focused mostly around residual PLA fibers. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that gene expression of Itgam, a marker for macrophages, and of matrix metalloproteinase 9 was higher than in native aorta during the course of 12 months, indicating prolonged inflammation (Itgam at 8 months: 11.75 ± 0.99 vs native aorta, P < .01; matrix metalloproteinase 9 at 4 months: 4.35 ± 3.05 vs native aorta, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS In this study, we demonstrated well-organized neotissue of cell-free biodegradable arterial grafts. Although most grafts experienced aneurysmal change, such findings provide insight into the process of tissue-engineered vascular graft remodeling and should allow informed rational design of the next generation of arterial grafts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Tara
- Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Hirotsugu Kurobe
- Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mark W Maxfield
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Kevin A Rocco
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Tai Yi
- Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Yuji Naito
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Christopher K Breuer
- Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Toshiharu Shinoka
- Tissue Engineering Program and Surgical Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Vascular Tissue Engineering: Recent Advances in Small Diameter Blood Vessel Regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/923030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality around the globe. The development of a functional and appropriate substitute for small diameter blood vessel replacement is still a challenge to overcome the main drawbacks of autografts and the inadequate performances of synthetic prostheses made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET, Dacron) and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE, Goretex). Therefore, vascular tissue engineering has become a promising approach for small diameter blood vessel regeneration as demonstrated by the increasing interest dedicated to this field. This review is focused on the most relevant and recent studies concerning vascular tissue engineering for small diameter blood vessel applications. Specifically, the present work reviews research on the development of tissue-engineered vascular grafts made of decellularized matrices and natural and/or biodegradable synthetic polymers and their realization without scaffold.
Collapse
|
29
|
Sawa Y, Tatsumi E, Tsukiya T, Matsuda K, Fukunaga K, Kishida A, Masuzawa T, Matsumiya G, Myoui A, Nishimura M, Nishimura T, Nishinaka T, Okamoto E, Tokunaga S, Tomo T, Yagi Y, Yamaoka T. Journal of Artificial Organs 2012: the year in review. J Artif Organs 2013; 16:1-8. [PMID: 23456197 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-013-0690-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Sawa
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|