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Floris I, Battistini R, Tramuta C, Garcia-Vozmediano A, Musolino N, Scardino G, Masotti C, Brusa B, Orusa R, Serracca L, Razzuoli E, Martucci F, Bianchi DM. Antibiotic Resistance in Lactic Acid Bacteria from Dairy Products in Northern Italy. Antibiotics (Basel) 2025; 14:375. [PMID: 40298519 PMCID: PMC12024235 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics14040375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2025] [Revised: 03/27/2025] [Accepted: 04/02/2025] [Indexed: 04/30/2025] Open
Abstract
Background: The spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from the food chain is a significant public health concern. Dairy products from raw milk containing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) resistant to antimicrobials may serve as vectors for the transfer of resistance to commensal or potentially pathogenic bacteria in the human gut. Detecting ARGs in dairy products and milk is, therefore, crucial and could aid in the development of strategies to mitigate resistance dissemination through the food chain. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the presence of ARGs and assess the antibiotic susceptibility of LAB strains isolated from dairy products made from raw milk. Methods: Fifty-four LAB strains were isolated from 41 dairy samples and were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using broth microdilution to determine Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Moreover, the presence of resistance genes related to tetracyclines, beta-lactams, quinolones, and erythromycin was examined using six multiplex PCR assays. Results: Lactobacillus spp. and Leuconostoc spp. strains exhibited a high level of resistance to vancomycin (93-100%). Low-level resistance (4.2-20%) was observed in Lactococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. strains against tetracycline. Additionally, Lactococcus spp. strains showed resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, erythromycin, and clindamycin. Twenty-two out of 54 LAB strains (40.7%) carried at least one antibiotic resistance gene, and five of these were multidrug-resistant. Genes associated with acquired resistance to tetracycline were commonly detected, with tetK being the most frequent determinant. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that LABs in dairy products can act as reservoirs for ARGs, potentially contributing to the horizontal transfer of resistance within microbial communities in food and consumers. These findings highlight the need for the ongoing surveillance of antibiotic resistance in LAB and the implementation of control measures to minimize the dissemination of resistance through dairy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Floris
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (I.F.); (C.T.); (A.G.-V.); (N.M.); (G.S.); (C.M.); (B.B.); (R.O.); (L.S.); (E.R.); (F.M.); (D.M.B.)
| | - Roberta Battistini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (I.F.); (C.T.); (A.G.-V.); (N.M.); (G.S.); (C.M.); (B.B.); (R.O.); (L.S.); (E.R.); (F.M.); (D.M.B.)
| | - Clara Tramuta
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (I.F.); (C.T.); (A.G.-V.); (N.M.); (G.S.); (C.M.); (B.B.); (R.O.); (L.S.); (E.R.); (F.M.); (D.M.B.)
| | - Aitor Garcia-Vozmediano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (I.F.); (C.T.); (A.G.-V.); (N.M.); (G.S.); (C.M.); (B.B.); (R.O.); (L.S.); (E.R.); (F.M.); (D.M.B.)
| | - Noemi Musolino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (I.F.); (C.T.); (A.G.-V.); (N.M.); (G.S.); (C.M.); (B.B.); (R.O.); (L.S.); (E.R.); (F.M.); (D.M.B.)
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale di Asti, Via Conte Verde 125, 14100 Asti, Italy
| | - Giulia Scardino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (I.F.); (C.T.); (A.G.-V.); (N.M.); (G.S.); (C.M.); (B.B.); (R.O.); (L.S.); (E.R.); (F.M.); (D.M.B.)
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale Asl Novara, Viale Roma 7, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Masotti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (I.F.); (C.T.); (A.G.-V.); (N.M.); (G.S.); (C.M.); (B.B.); (R.O.); (L.S.); (E.R.); (F.M.); (D.M.B.)
| | - Beatrice Brusa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (I.F.); (C.T.); (A.G.-V.); (N.M.); (G.S.); (C.M.); (B.B.); (R.O.); (L.S.); (E.R.); (F.M.); (D.M.B.)
| | - Riccardo Orusa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (I.F.); (C.T.); (A.G.-V.); (N.M.); (G.S.); (C.M.); (B.B.); (R.O.); (L.S.); (E.R.); (F.M.); (D.M.B.)
| | - Laura Serracca
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (I.F.); (C.T.); (A.G.-V.); (N.M.); (G.S.); (C.M.); (B.B.); (R.O.); (L.S.); (E.R.); (F.M.); (D.M.B.)
| | - Elisabetta Razzuoli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (I.F.); (C.T.); (A.G.-V.); (N.M.); (G.S.); (C.M.); (B.B.); (R.O.); (L.S.); (E.R.); (F.M.); (D.M.B.)
| | - Francesca Martucci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (I.F.); (C.T.); (A.G.-V.); (N.M.); (G.S.); (C.M.); (B.B.); (R.O.); (L.S.); (E.R.); (F.M.); (D.M.B.)
| | - Daniela Manila Bianchi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (I.F.); (C.T.); (A.G.-V.); (N.M.); (G.S.); (C.M.); (B.B.); (R.O.); (L.S.); (E.R.); (F.M.); (D.M.B.)
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Lao J, Chen M, Yan S, Gong H, Wen Z, Yong Y, Jia D, Lv S, Zou W, Li J, Tan H, Yin H, Kong X, Liu Z, Guo F, Ju X, Li Y. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus G7 alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by regulating the intestinal microbiota. BMC Microbiol 2025; 25:168. [PMID: 40133818 PMCID: PMC11938729 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-025-03904-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 03/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an intestinal disease caused by many factors that seriously harms the health of humans and animals. Probiotics are currently widely used to treat intestinal inflammation; however, different strains are specific, and the functions and effects of different strains are still unclear. In this study, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus G7 isolated from herdsmen yogurt was used. The results of the in vitro evaluation revealed that it had good tolerance and safety. In mice with colitis, G7 alleviated weight loss and colon shortening and reduced the DAI score. After G7 treatment, the levels of proinflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and histopathological scores decreased, whereas the level of IL-10 increased. In addition, G7 rebalanced the intestinal microbial composition of colitis model mice by increasing the abundance of Faecalibaculum and decreasing the abundance of Bacteroides and Escherichia_Shigella. In summary, G7 has great potential in the prevention of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Lao
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Marine Medical Research and Development Centre, Shenzheng Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzheng, 518120, China
| | - Man Chen
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Shuping Yan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Han Gong
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Zhaohai Wen
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yanhong Yong
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Dan Jia
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shuting Lv
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Wenli Zou
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Junmei Li
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Huiming Tan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Hong Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiangying Kong
- Haibei Integrated Service Center for Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Haibei, Qinghai, 810299, China
| | - Zengyuan Liu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Fucheng Guo
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Xianghong Ju
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
- Marine Medical Research and Development Centre, Shenzheng Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzheng, 518120, China.
| | - Youquan Li
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
- Marine Medical Research and Development Centre, Shenzheng Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzheng, 518120, China.
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Das M, Ojha AK, Dolma KG, Majumdar T, Sarmah P, Hazarika S, Modi D, Gogoi D, Das S, Ramamurthy T. Monitoring the potential dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in foods, environment, and clinical samples: a one health prospective. Food Sci Biotechnol 2025; 34:803-813. [PMID: 39958177 PMCID: PMC11822141 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-024-01676-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2025] Open
Abstract
Circulation of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacteria in the environment, animals, and humans is a major concern. Food chain is an important link to spread AMR across the biosphere. Global warming, preserved and fast foods availability, random use of un-prescribed antimicrobials, unplanned bio-waste management, and using high doses of antibiotics and bio-fertilizers to agricultural fields and animal farms, increase the threat of spreading AMR bacteria. Current study reports prevalence of AMR in enteric pathogens isolated from food, food handlers, environment, and diarrheal patients. The incidence data on AMR pathogens were collected from Assam, Sikkim, Tripura, and Arunachal Pradesh, India, through a well-structured market and hospital surveillance. There were 428 (3.0%) enteric pathogens detected in food and 184 (5.3%) in clinical samples. Most of the pathogens were resistant (70-100%) to commonly used antimicrobials in treatment of diarrheal infection. Result showed a spread of AMR across food chain, underscoring need for swift preventive intervention. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-024-01676-z.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karma G Dolma
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim India
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Ray M, Ashwini M, Halami PM. The Occurrence of Colistin Resistance in Potential Lactic Acid Bacteria of Food-Producing Animals in India. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:297. [PMID: 39105865 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03826-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The overuse of colistin, the last-resort antibiotic, has led to the emergence of colistin-resistant bacteria, which is a major concern. Lactic acid bacteria which are generally regarded as safe are known to be reservoirs of antibiotic resistance that possibly pose a threat to human and animal health. Therefore, this study assessed the prevalence of colistin antimicrobial resistance in livestock in India, that is lactic acid bacteria in healthy chickens, sheep, beef, and swine of Mysore. Diverse phenotypic and genotypic colistin resistance were examined among the lactic acid bacterial species (n = 84) isolated from chicken (n = 44), sheep (n = 16), beef (n = 14), and swine (n = 10). Hi-comb, double-disk diffusion tests, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and biofilm formation were assessed for phenotypic colistin resistance. Specific primers for colistin-resistant genes were used for the determination of genotypic colistin resistance. Around 20%, 18%, and 1% were colistin-resistant Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, and Pediococcus species, respectively. Among these, 66.67% exhibited MDR phenotypes, including colistin antibiotic. The identified resistant isolates are Levilactobacillus brevis LBA and LBB (2), Limosilactobacillus fermentum LBF (1), and Pediococcus acidilactici CHBI (1). The mcr-1 and mcr-3 genes were detected in Levilactobacillus brevis LBA, LBB, and Pediococcus acidilactici CHBI isolated from chicken and sheep intestines respectively. The study identified colistin resistance determinants in lactobacilli from food animals, emphasizing the need for enhanced surveillance and monitoring of resistance spread. These findings underscore colistin resistance as a significant medical concern and should be integrated into India's ongoing antimicrobial resistance monitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Ray
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, 570020, India
| | - M Ashwini
- Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Prakash M Halami
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, 570020, India.
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Zheng Q, Long S, Chen Z, Fu J, Ju X, Li L. Characterization of a novel ribose-5-phosphate isomerase B from Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens ZXL1 for D-allose production. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:1641-1649. [PMID: 38623425 PMCID: PMC11016020 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic preparation of rare sugars as an alternative to traditional sweeteners is an effective strategy to achieve a low-calorie healthy diet. Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase B (RpiB) is a key enzyme in the non-oxidative branch of the catalytic pentose phosphate pathway. Here, we investigated the potential of Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens ZXL1 (C. flaccumfaciens ZXL1) derived RpiB (CfRpiB) in D-allose preparation. The optimal reaction conditions for recombinant CfRpiB were found experimentally to be pH 7.0, 55 °C, and no metal ions. The kinetic parameters Km, kcat, and catalytic efficiency kcat/Km were 320 mM, 4769 s-1, and 14.9 mM-1 s-1 respectively. The conversion of D-allulose by purified enzyme (1 g L-1 ) to D-allose was 13% within 1 h. In addition, homology modeling and molecular docking were used to predict the active site residues: Asp13, Asp14, Cys72, Gly73, Thr74, Gly77, Asn106, and Lys144.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, 215009 Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si Long
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, 215009 Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, 215009 Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaolong Fu
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, 215009 Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Ju
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, 215009 Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangzhi Li
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, 215009 Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Ha JS, Lee NK, Paik HD. Heat-Killed Enterococcus faecium KU22001 Having Effective Anti-Cancer Effects on HeLa Cell Lines at a Lower Temperature. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:902-910. [PMID: 38494869 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2310.10050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The anti-cancer effects of heat-killed Enterococcus faecium KU22001 (KU22001), KU22002, and KU22005 isolated from human infant feces were investigated. The anti-proliferative activity of these strains against various cancer cell lines was evaluated using the MTT assay. To determine the production of exopolysaccharides (EPS) with potential anti-cancer effect, ethanol precipitation and phenol-sulfuric acid method was used with the cell free supernatant of strains grown at 25°C or 37°C. The EPS yield of E. faecium strains was higher at 25°C than at 37°C. Among these E. faecium strains, KU22001 grown at 25°C was associated with the highest bax/bcl-2 ratio, effective apoptosis rate, cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, and condensation of the nucleus in the cervical cancer HeLa cell line. In conclusion, these results suggest that KU22001 can be beneficial owing to the anti-cancer effects and production of functional materials, such as EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Su Ha
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Kyoung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Dong Paik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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