1
|
Tanaka S, Saida K, Murayama A, Higuchi D, Shinohara T. Associated factors of new subjective cognitive decline complaints after a 6-month period among community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:136-140. [PMID: 36412008 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the number of new subjective cognitive decline (SCD) complaints and associated factors in community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. METHOD A prospective cohort study was conducted in two periods: May to June 2020, and November 2020 to January 2021. We mailed a questionnaire to 1953 older adults in the first survey, and received 700 responses in the second. We analysed 534 participants without SCD in the first survey. We collected data on sociodemographic characteristics and administered the Questionnaire for Medical Checkup of Old-Old (QMCOO) to assess respondents' health condition. SCD was operationally defined using the QMCOO as reports of (1) forgetfulness, and (2) difficulty in naming dates. The subjects were divided into two groups by their condition at the second survey: an SCD (new SCD complaints) and a no-SCD (no new SCD complaints) group. RESULTS A total of 85 (15.9%) participants had new SCD complaints. The Mann-Whitney U-test and chi-squared test showed that the SCD group had significantly more risk factors of SCD: walking speed (P = 0.001), smoking (P = 0.001), and existence of person with whom the patient could consult when disordered (P = 0.002). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that walking speed (odds ratio (OR) = 2.115, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.259-3.553) and the presence of person to consult (OR = 3.619, 95% CI: 1.553-8.433) were significant related factors of new SCD complaints. CONCLUSION Maintenance of physical condition and social support were associated with new SCD complaints during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeya Tanaka
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Kosuke Saida
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Akihiko Murayama
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Gunma University of Health and Welfare, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Higuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Shinohara
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Major G, Bagnall AM, Bhar S, Bryant C, Dow B, Dunt D, Fearn M, Harper R, Leung WY, Mnatzaganian G, O'Bree B, Doyle C. A Scoping Review of the Measurement of Depression in Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment. Clin Gerontol 2022:1-13. [PMID: 36163627 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2022.2126809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Depression and cognitive impairment are disabling conditions that commonly occur together in older adults. The interaction is challenging when choosing appropriate measurement scales. This review aimed to summarize the scales to measure depression symptoms in older people with cognitive impairment, investigating how cognitive impairment is related to the choice of measurement, and how the setting may affect the choice of measurement. METHODS A scoping review of literature published between 2015 and 2021. RESULTS After screening 1580 articles, 26 were included in the review with 11 different measures of depression symptoms identified. The measures mostly commonly used were the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI-Q). Most studies did not report on the usability of depression scales used with people with cognitive impairment and only two scales (CSDD and NPI-Q, not GDS) have been validated for use with this population. CONCLUSIONS Severe cognitive impairment was under-represented in the identified studies, and no association was detected between study setting, cognitive impairment and type of measure used. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Clinicians and researchers should consider both the cognitive status of participants and the setting they live in when choosing a measure of depression symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Major
- Aged Care Division, National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne-Marie Bagnall
- School of Health and Community Studies, Leeds Beckett University Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Sunil Bhar
- Psychology Department, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christina Bryant
- Emeritus, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Briony Dow
- Aged Care Division, National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Emeritus, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Dunt
- Emeritus, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marcia Fearn
- Aged Care Division, National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robin Harper
- Aged Care Division, National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wing-Yin Leung
- Aged Care Division, National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - George Mnatzaganian
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Paramedicine, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bridget O'Bree
- Aged Care Division, National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Colleen Doyle
- Aged Care Division, National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Psychology Department, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Late-life depression, subjective cognitive decline, and their additive risk in incidence of dementia: A nationwide longitudinal study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254639. [PMID: 34260630 PMCID: PMC8279395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Late-life depression and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) are significant risk factors for dementia. However, studies with a large sample size are needed to clarify their independent and combined risks for subsequent dementia. Methods This nationwide population-based cohort study included all individuals aged 66 years who participated in the National Screening Program between 2009 and 2013 (N = 939,099). Subjects were followed from the day they underwent screening to the diagnosis of dementia, death, or the last follow-up day (December 31, 2017). Results Depressive symptom presentation, recent depressive disorder, and SCD independently increased dementia incidence with adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.286 (95% CI:1.255–1.318), 1.697 (95% CI:1.621–1.776), and 1.748 (95% CI: 689–1.808) respectively. Subjects having both SCD and depression had a higher risk (aHR = 2.466, 95% CI:2.383–2.551) of dementia than having depression (aHR = 1.402, 95% CI:1.364–1.441) or SCD (aHR = 1.748, 95% CI:1.689–1.808) alone. Conclusions Depressive symptoms, depressive disorder, and SCD are independent risk factors for dementia. Co-occurring depression and SCD have an additive effect on the risk of dementia; thus, early intervention and close follow up are necessary for patients with co-occurring SCD and depression.
Collapse
|
4
|
Giuli C, Paoloni C, Santillo E, Balietti M, Fabbietti P, Postacchini D, Piacenza F. Study of the effects of adapted Tango and multidimensional intervention in pREvention of dementia in agiNG: developing healTHy lifestyle programs (STRENGTH Project)-the experimental protocol of a prospective randomised controlled trial. Aging Clin Exp Res 2020; 32:2529-2537. [PMID: 32124422 PMCID: PMC7680307 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01504-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Dementia represents a key health issue for older adults, with negative consequences on psycho-social and functional status. Treatments that counteract cognitive deficits in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are needed to prevent or delay it. Aim To describe the experimental protocol of the STRENGTH Project. This study investigates a multimodal intervention in older adults with MCI to improve cognitive, functional, biochemical and psycho-social aspects. Methods The prospective randomised controlled trial will enrol 300 subjects with MCI (age ≥ 60 years). Participants will be randomly assigned to: (a) the experimental group, which will undergo sessions of adapted tango, music therapy, engagement in social activities, cognitive intervention and psycho-education for 6 months or (b) the control group, which will receive psycho-education and advice on healthy lifestyle for 6 months. All outcomes will be analysed before intervention (baseline), immediately after termination (follow-up 1), after 6 months (follow-up 2) and after 2 years (follow-up 3). Discussion We expect that the findings of this multidisciplinary study will be useful to optimize clinical and psycho-social interventions for improving cognitive and functional status of subjects with MCI. Conclusions This project could have a meaningful impact on National Health Systems by providing clues on multidisciplinary management of older adults affected by cognitive decline to prevent dementia.
Collapse
|
5
|
Simon SS, Castellani M, Belleville S, Dwolatzky T, Hampstead BM, Bahar-Fuchs A. The design, evaluation, and reporting on non-pharmacological, cognition-oriented treatments for older adults: Results of a survey of experts. ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA-TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS 2020; 6:e12024. [PMID: 32523978 PMCID: PMC7276188 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive decline and dementia significantly affect independence and quality of life in older adults; therefore, it is critical to identify effective cognition-oriented treatments (COTs; eg, cognitive training, rehabilitation) that can help maintain or enhance cognitive functioning in older adults, as well as reduce dementia risk or alleviate symptoms associated with pathological processes. Methods The Cognitive Intervention Design Evaluation and Reporting (CIDER), a working group from the Non-Pharmacological Interventions Professional Interest Area (NPI-PIA) of the Alzheimer's Association conducted as survey in 2017 with experts in COTs worldwide. The survey's aims were three-fold: (1) determine the common attitudes, beliefs, and practices of experts involved in the COTs research targeting older people; (2) identify areas of relative agreement and disagreement among experts in the field; and (3) offer a critical review of the literature, including recommendations for future research. Results The survey identified several areas of agreements among experts on critical features of COTs, and on study design and outcome measures. Nevertheless, there were some areas with relative disagreement. Critically, expert opinions were not always supported by scientific evidence, suggesting that methodologic improvements are needed regarding design, implementation, and reporting of COTs. There was a clear consensus that COTs provide benefits and should be offered to cognitively unimpaired older adults, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and mild dementia, but opinions differed for moderate and severe dementia. In addition, there is no consensus on the potential role of COTs in dementia prevention, indicating that future research should prioritize this aspect. Discussion Evidence of COTs in older adults is encouraging, but additional evidence is needed to enhance dementia prevention. Consensus building and guidelines in the field are critical to improve and accelerate the development of high-quality evidence for COTs in cognitively unimpaired older adults, and those with MCI and dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Sanz Simon
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division Department of Neurology Columbia University New York New York.,Old Age Research Group (PROTER) Department of Psychiatry São Paulo Medical School University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Mary Castellani
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age Department of Psychiatry University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia
| | - Sylvie Belleville
- Psychology Department Université de Montréal Montreal Canada.,Research Center Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal Montreal Canada
| | - Tzvi Dwolatzky
- Rambam Health Care Campus and Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| | - Benjamin M Hampstead
- Mental Health Service VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System Ann Arbor Michigan.,Neuropsychology Section Department of Psychiatry University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan
| | - Alex Bahar-Fuchs
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age Department of Psychiatry University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Balietti M, Giuli C, Casoli T, Fabbietti P, Conti F. Is Blood Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor a Useful Biomarker to Monitor Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients? Rejuvenation Res 2020; 23:411-419. [PMID: 32200710 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2020.2307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Availability of reliable prognostic biomarkers that are also able to monitor preventive/therapeutic interventions in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is crucial. Cerebral brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) alterations were evidenced in Alzheimer's disease, but the value of blood BDNF in MCI is unclear, especially because of the incomplete/incorrect management of the numerous confounding factors unrelated to the disease. This study, applying a multidisciplinary methodological approach, aimed at clarifying whether blood BDNF can really mirror the cognitive symptoms of MCI, thus supporting the evaluation of clinical protocols' effectiveness as well as the definition of the conversion rate to dementia. Healthy elderly subjects (HE) and MCI patients were assessed for sociodemographic, neuropsychological, pharmacological, and lifestyle data, and plasma BDNF was measured (baseline); then, in the MCI cohort, the biomarker was tested in a comprehensive cognitive stimulation intervention (CS) as well as in a 2-year follow-up period. Plasma BDNF, cleansed from all the interfering factors, (1) did not discriminate HE and MCI patients; (2) in MCI patients reflected mood, social engagement, and subjective memory complaints but not cognition; (3) changed due to CS, although with no correlations to cognitive performances; and (4) predicted no functional deterioration. Our data indicate that the possible biased use of plasma BDNF in MCI is critically risky.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Balietti
- Center for Neurobiology of Aging, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giuli
- Geriatrics Operative Unit, IRCCS INRCA, Fermo, Italy
| | - Tiziana Casoli
- Center for Neurobiology of Aging, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Fabbietti
- Unit of Geriatric Pharmacoepidemiology, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fiorenzo Conti
- Center for Neurobiology of Aging, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy.,Section of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Subjective cognitive decline: preclinical manifestation of Alzheimer's disease. Neurol Sci 2018; 40:41-49. [PMID: 30397816 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-018-3620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD), characterized by a very early and subtle cognitive decline prior to the appearance of objective cognitive impairment, is considered to be the preclinical manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Given the lack of significant abnormalities in standardized neuropsychological assessments for individuals with SCD, biochemical and neuroimaging biomarkers may be important indicators of the preclinical stage of AD. The application of various biomarkers derived from the cerebrospinal fluid and neuroimaging thus has the potential to make AD-related pathology detectable in vivo. In this review, we discuss the conceptual evolution of SCD as an entity and further elucidate characteristic cerebrospinal fluid and neuroimaging biomarkers of SCD.
Collapse
|