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Zhou L, Zhang Z, Wang L. Treatment of anterior resection syndrome: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2024; 50:108336. [PMID: 38626589 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2024.108336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There has been a lack of research comparing the efficacy of various treatments for low anterior resection syndrome (LARS). METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search across six electronic databases and a paired meta-analysis was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of the interventions. Furthermore, a network meta-analysis was utilized to compare the efficacy of different treatments for LARS. RESULTS This study encompassed nine randomized controlled trials, involving a total of 450 patients. Compared to routine care, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists (follow-up<3 months) and percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (3 months ≤ follow-up <6 months) were effective in reducing the LARS score. Pelvic floor rehabilitation (follow-up≤3 months) was effective in decreasing daily number of bowel movements when compared to routine care. The network meta-analysis indicated that 5-HT3 receptor antagonists (follow-up<3 months) were the most effective in reducing both the LARS score and the daily number of bowel movements. Transanal irrigation (3 months ≤ follow-up ≤ 12 months) was most effective in reducing the LARS score. Additionally, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists demonstrated relative efficacy in improving patients' quality of life (follow-up ≤ 1 month). CONCLUSIONS This review indicates that 5-HT3 receptor antagonists and anal irrigation show significant promise in the treatment of LARS. Nevertheless, the contributions of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation and pelvic floor rehabilitation to LARS treatment should not be overlooked. Given the clinical heterogeneity observed among the studies, the results should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- Department of Nursing, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengyang Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Nursing, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Homma Y, Mimura T, Koinuma K, Horie H, Sata N. Incidence of low anterior resection syndrome and its association with the quality of life in patients with lower rectal tumors. Surg Today 2024:10.1007/s00595-024-02796-z. [PMID: 38472547 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-024-02796-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) causes devastating symptoms and impairs the quality of life (QOL). This study investigated the incidence and risk factors of LARS and their association with the QOL in patients with lower rectal tumors. METHODS Patients who underwent anus-preserving surgery for lower rectal tumors between 2014 and 2019 and who had anal defecation between 2020 and 2021 were surveyed. The LARS score measured severity, and the QOL was evaluated using the Japanese version of the Fecal Incontinence Quality-of-Life Scale (JFIQL). The primary endpoint was the incidence of Major LARS, and the secondary endpoints were risk factors and association with the JFIQL. RESULTS Of 107 eligible patients, 82 (76.6%) completed the LARS survey. The incidence of Major LARS was 48%. Independent risk factors included neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and a short interval (< 24 months after surgery; odds ratio, 4.6; 95% confidence interval: 1.1-19, both). The LARS score was moderately correlated with the JFIQL generic score (correlation coefficient: - 0.54). The JFIQL scores were significantly worse in the Minor and Major LARS groups than in the No LARS group. CONCLUSIONS Major LARS was found in 48% of lower rectal tumors, and independent risk factors include neoadjuvant CRT and a short interval. The QOL was significantly impaired in patients with both Minor and Major LARS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Homma
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Toshiki Mimura
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Koji Koinuma
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hisanaga Horie
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
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Homma Y, Mimura T, Koinuma K, Horie H, Lefor AK, Sata N. Low anterior resection syndrome: Incidence and association with quality of life. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2024; 8:114-123. [PMID: 38250691 PMCID: PMC10797839 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) causes devastating symptoms and impairs quality of life (QOL). Although its incidence and risk factors have been reported, these data are scarce in Japan. This study aimed to elucidate the incidence and risk factors of LARS as well as to evaluate its association with QOL in Japanese patients. Method Patients with anal defecation at the time of the survey between November 2020 and April 2021 were included, among those who underwent anus-preserving surgery for rectal tumors between 2014 and 2019 in tertiary referral university hospital. The severity of LARS and QOL were evaluated with the LARS score and the Japanese version of the fecal incontinence quality of life scale (JFIQL), respectively. Primary endpoint was the incidence of major LARS. Secondary endpoints were risk factors and association with JFIQL. Results Of 332 eligible patients, 238 (71.7%) answered the LARS survey completely. The incidence of major LARS was 22% overall, and 48% when limited to lower tumors. Independent risk factors included lower tumors (OR: 7.0, 95% CI: 2.1-23.1, p = 0.001) and surgical procedures with lower anastomoses (OR: 4.6, 95% CI: 1.2-18.5, p = 0.03). The JFIQL generic score correlated moderately with the LARS score (correlation coefficient of -0.65). The JFIQL generic score was also significantly lower in lower tumors. Conclusions The incidence of major LARS is 22% in Japanese patients, and independent risk factors include lower tumors and surgical procedures with lower anastomoses. More severe LARS is associated with worse QOL which is significantly more impaired in patients with lower tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Homma
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant SurgeryJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | - Toshiki Mimura
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant SurgeryJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | - Koji Koinuma
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant SurgeryJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | - Hisanaga Horie
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant SurgeryJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | - Alan Kawarai Lefor
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant SurgeryJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant SurgeryJichi Medical UniversityTochigiJapan
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Koneru S, Builth-Snoad L, Rickard MJFX, Keshava A, Chapuis PH, Ng KS. Major low anterior resection syndrome has equivalent health-related quality of life implications as having a permanent colostomy. Tech Coloproctol 2023; 28:17. [PMID: 38099961 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-023-02879-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The literature is inconclusive when comparing health-related quality of life following restorative anterior resection (AR) compared with abdominoperineal resection (APR). Consideration of functional outcomes may explain this inconsistency. The aim of this study was to compare health-related quality of life in patients post-anterior resection, stratified by low anterior resection syndrome score, and post-abdominoperineal resection patients. METHODS A cross-sectional study of consecutive patients post APR and AR for rectal or sigmoid adenocarcinoma at a tertiary centre in Sydney, Australia (Jan 2012- Dec 2021) was performed. HRQoL outcomes (SF36v2 physical [PCS] and mental component summary [MCS] scores) were compared between APR and AR patients, with subgroup analyses stratifying AR patients according to LARS score (no/minor/major). Age- and gender-adjusted comparisons were performed by linear regression. RESULTS Overall, 248 post-AR patients (57.3% male, mean age 70.8 years, SD 11.6) and 64 post-APR patients (62.5% male, mean age 68.1 years, SD 13.1) participated. When stratified by LARS, 'major LARS' had a similar negative effect on age-and sex-adjusted PCS scores as APR. 'No LARS' (p < 0.001) and 'minor LARS' (p < 0.001) patients had higher PCS scores compared to post-APR patients. 'Major LARS' had a similarly negative effect on MCS scores compared with post-APR patients. MCS scores were higher in 'no LARS' (p = 0.006) compared with APR patients. CONCLUSIONS Postoperative bowel dysfunction significantly impacts health-related quality of life. Patients with 'major LARS' have health-related quality of life as poor as those following APR. This requires consideration when counselling patients on postoperative health-related quality of life, especially where poor postoperative bowel function is anticipated following restorative surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koneru
- Concord Institute of Academic Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - L Builth-Snoad
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - M J F X Rickard
- Concord Institute of Academic Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A Keshava
- Concord Institute of Academic Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - P H Chapuis
- Concord Institute of Academic Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - K-S Ng
- Concord Institute of Academic Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Discipline of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Concord Institute of Academic Surgery, Concord, NSW, Australia.
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Burch J, Taylor C, Wilson A, Norton C. "You're just on your own": Exploring bowel symptom management needs after rectal cancer surgery through patient and clinician focus groups. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2023; 67:102406. [PMID: 37804751 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2023.102406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Currently cancer survivorship often leaves the needs of patients unidentified and unmet. The study aims to establish the views of experts on managing bowel symptoms following rectal cancer surgery. METHOD People living with bowel symptoms as well as clinicians with expertise in rectal cancer and subsequent bowel changes were invited to participate in online focus groups. Focus groups were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using a modified framework analysis. Results were presented narratively with interpretations and quotations. RESULTS Fourteen patients following rectal cancer treatment attended one of two focus groups. Sixteen clinicians attended one of four groups. Participants described their opinions about bowel symptom management. Three themes were described by both patients and clinicians: expectations of bodily changes, supported self-repair and knowledgeable self-repair. Data from participants frequently concurred; all recognised clinicians needed to support and empower patients to independently manage their cancer consequences. CONCLUSION Well-managed expectations enable patients to set realistic goals and make plans. Clinicians need to support patients to understand potential bowel changes that might occur after rectal cancer surgery, providing support, information and signposting to other relevant information and colleagues. Effective communication through avoidance of jargon and rapport building as well as providing a point of contact help prevent patients feeling alone with their symptoms. Education is needed by both clinicians and patients to ensure consistent and useful advice is provided and understood. A recommendation from the focus groups is to create opportunities for patients to access information with clinician support and signposting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Burch
- Department of Surgery, St Mark's Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Claire Taylor
- Department of Surgery, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Ana Wilson
- Wolfson Unit for Endoscopy, St Mark's Hospital and Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Christine Norton
- Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK
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Moon J, Ehlebracht A, Cwintal M, Faria J, Ghitulescu G, Morin N, Pang A, Vasilevsky CA, Boutros M. Low Anterior Resection Syndrome in a Reference North American Sample: Prevalence and Associated Factors. J Am Coll Surg 2023; 237:679-688. [PMID: 37466264 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) is a well-described consequence of rectal cancer treatment. Studying the degree to which bowel dysfunction exists in the general population may help to better interpret to what extent LARS is related to disease and/or cancer treatment. Currently, North American LARS normative data are lacking. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of bowel dysfunction, as measured by the LARS score, and quality of life (QoL) in a reference North American sample. Quality of life was measured and associations between participant characteristics and LARS were identified. STUDY DESIGN This was a single-institution cross-sectional study of asymptomatic adults who underwent screening and surveillance colonoscopies from 2018 to 2021 with no/benign endoscopic findings. Survey was conducted on select comorbidities, sociodemographic factors, LARS, and QoL. Outcomes were LARS and QoL. Multivariable linear regression accounting for a priori clinical factors associated with bowel dysfunction was performed. RESULTS Of 1,004 subjects approached, 502 (50.0%) participated, and 135 (26.9%) participants had major/minor LARS. On multiple linear regression, female sex (β = 2.15, 95% CI 0.30 to 4.00), younger age (β = -0.10, 95% CI -0.18 to -0.03), White ethnicity (β = 2.45, 95% CI 0.15 to 4.74), and the presence of at least one of the following factors: diabetes, depression, neurologic disorder, or cholecystectomy (β = 3.54, 95% CI 1.57 to 5.51) were independently associated with a higher LARS score. Individuals with LARS had lower global QoL, functional subscales, and various symptom subscale scores. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified the baseline prevalence of LARS in asymptomatic adults who have not undergone a low anterior resection. These normative data will allow for more accurate interpretation of ongoing studies on LARS in North American rectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongyoon Moon
- From the Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada (Moon, Faria, Ghitulescu, Morin, Pang, Vasilevsky, Boutros)
| | - Alexa Ehlebracht
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada (Ehlebracht, Cwintal)
| | - Michelle Cwintal
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada (Ehlebracht, Cwintal)
| | - Julio Faria
- From the Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada (Moon, Faria, Ghitulescu, Morin, Pang, Vasilevsky, Boutros)
| | - Gabriela Ghitulescu
- From the Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada (Moon, Faria, Ghitulescu, Morin, Pang, Vasilevsky, Boutros)
| | - Nancy Morin
- From the Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada (Moon, Faria, Ghitulescu, Morin, Pang, Vasilevsky, Boutros)
| | - Allison Pang
- From the Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada (Moon, Faria, Ghitulescu, Morin, Pang, Vasilevsky, Boutros)
| | - Carol-Ann Vasilevsky
- From the Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada (Moon, Faria, Ghitulescu, Morin, Pang, Vasilevsky, Boutros)
| | - Marylise Boutros
- From the Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada (Moon, Faria, Ghitulescu, Morin, Pang, Vasilevsky, Boutros)
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Robitaille S, Maalouf MF, Penta R, Joshua TG, Liberman AS, Fiore JF, Feldman LS, Lee L. The impact of restorative proctectomy versus permanent colostomy on health-related quality of life after rectal cancer surgery using the patient-generated index. Surgery 2023; 174:813-818. [PMID: 37495462 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of bowel dysfunction versus colostomy on quality of life after rectal cancer surgery is poorly understood. BACKGROUND To evaluate the quality of life after rectal cancer surgery in patients with colostomy versus restorative proctectomy. METHODS A mixed-methods study measuring quality of life using the Patient-Generated Index, patients were asked to list up to 5 areas of their life affected by their surgery. Areas were then weighted according to patients' preferences for improvement to generate a score from 0-100. The areas reported by patients were linked to the International Classification of Functioning for content analysis. Bowel dysfunction was measured using the low anterior resection syndrome score, and patients were then grouped according to (1) colostomy, (2) no/minor, or (3) major low anterior resection syndrome. Quality of life was compared between groups. RESULTS Overall, 121 patients were included (colostomy n = 39, restorative proctectomy n = 82). There were no differences in demographics, neoadjuvant radiotherapy, or time to follow-up between groups. In the restorative proctectomy group, 53% had no/minor, and 47% had major low anterior resection syndrome. Overall, patients with colostomy had significantly lower quality-of-life scores than those with restorative proctectomy. However, patients with major low anterior resection syndrome scored similarly to those with colostomy. On content analysis, patients with colostomies reported more problems with sexual function, body image, and sports. Patients with restorative proctectomy reported more problems with sleep, using transportation, and taking care of themselves. CONCLUSION Colostomy has a more detrimental impact on quality of life than restorative proctectomy. However, bowel dysfunction severity is important to consider. The patient experience between treatments differs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Robitaille
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. https://twitter.com/sarobitaille
| | - Michael F Maalouf
- Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. https://twitter.com/MichaelMaalouf
| | - Ruxandra Penta
- Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. https://twitter.com/ruxi0077T
| | - Temitope Grace Joshua
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - A Sender Liberman
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. https://twitter.com/senderliberman
| | - Julio F Fiore
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. https://twitter.com/JulioFioreJr
| | - Liane S Feldman
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. https://twitter.com/lianefeldman
| | - Lawrence Lee
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Maalouf MF, Robitaille S, Penta R, Pook M, Liberman AS, Fiore JF, Feldman LS, Lee L. Understanding the Impact of Bowel Dysfunction on Quality of Life After Rectal Cancer Surgery From the Patient's Perspective. Dis Colon Rectum 2023; 66:1067-1075. [PMID: 36989059 DOI: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000002621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bowel dysfunction is an important consequence of rectal cancer surgery' and the specific quality-of-life domains that are affected remain unclear and unaddressed by generic surveys. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify quality-of-life domains most affected by rectal cancer surgery. DESIGN Qualitative content analysis. SETTINGS Semistructured interviews conducted by telephone with patients recruited from a single university-affiliated colorectal referral center. PATIENTS Adult patients were included if they underwent rectal cancer surgery with sphincter preservation from July 2017 to July 2020. Patients were excluded if their surgery was <1 year since the recruitment date, received a permanent stoma, or developed recurrence or metastasis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Bowel dysfunction was evaluated via the low anterior resection syndrome score. Interview transcripts were coded by 2 independent reviewers and evaluated for concordance. Qualitative content analysis was used to identify themes, and their frequency of occurrence was quantified (percent total number of interviews). RESULTS A total of 54 patient interviews were conducted. Analysis revealed 5 quality-of-life-related themes impacted by bowel dysfunction: experiencing psychological and emotional stress, challenging roles and relationships within society, encountering physical limitations, restricting leisure and recreational activities, and learning self-empowerment and adapting to change. Patients with minor and major bowel dysfunction were more likely to report disruption to their social activities and their role as a sexual partner versus those with no bowel dysfunction. Patients with major bowel dysfunction were more likely to report effects on sleep versus those with no and minor bowel dysfunction. LIMITATIONS Single center, self-reported, and observer bias. CONCLUSION The impact of bowel dysfunction on quality of life includes a wide range of themes that extend beyond traditional measures. These results may help better inform patients in the preoperative setting and serve as a basis for the development of a more patient-centered quality-of-life survey. COMPRENDER EL IMPACTO DE LA DISFUNCIN INTESTINAL EN LA CALIDAD DE VIDA DESPUS DE LA CIRUGA DE CNCER DE RECTO DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DEL PACIENTE ANTECEDENTES:La disfunción intestinal es una consecuencia importante de la cirugía del cáncer de recto y los dominios específicos de la calidad de vida que se ven afectados siguen sin estar claros y sin abordarse en las encuestas genéricas.OBJETIVO:Identificar los dominios de calidad de vida más afectados por la cirugía del cáncer de recto.DISEÑO:Análisis cualitativo de contenido.ÁMBITOS:Entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas por teléfono con pacientes reclutados de un único centro de referencia colorrectal afiliado a una universidad.PACIENTES:Pacientes adultos intervenidos de cáncer de recto con preservación de esfínter del 07/2017 al 07/2020. Los pacientes fueron excluidos si su cirugía fue <1 año desde la fecha de reclutamiento, recibieron un estoma permanente o desarrollaron recurrencia o metástasis.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:La disfunción intestinal se evaluó a través de la puntuación del síndrome de resección anterior baja. Dos revisores independientes codificaron las transcripciones de las entrevistas y evaluaron su concordancia. Se utilizó el análisis de contenido cualitativo para identificar los temas, cuantificando su frecuencia de aparición (porcentaje del número total de entrevistas).RESULTADOS:Se realizaron un total de 54 entrevistas a pacientes. El análisis reveló cinco temas relacionados con la calidad de vida afectados por la disfunción intestinal: experimentar estrés psicológico y emocional, roles y relaciones desafiantes dentro de la sociedad, encontrar limitaciones físicas, restringir actividades recreativas y de ocio, y autoempoderamiento y adaptación al cambio. Los pacientes con disfunción intestinal menor y mayor tenían más probabilidades de informar la interrupción de las actividades sociales y el papel como pareja sexual en comparación con aquellos sin disfunción intestinal. Los pacientes con disfunción intestinal importante tenían más probabilidades de informar efectos sobre el sueño en comparación con aquellos sin disfunción intestinal o con disfunción intestinal menor.LIMITACIONES:Sesgo de un solo centro, autoinformado y observador.CONCLUSIÓN:El impacto de la disfunción intestinal en la calidad de vida incluye una amplia gama de temas que se extienden más allá de las medidas tradicionales. Estos resultados pueden ayudar a informar mejor a los pacientes en el entorno preoperatorio y servir como base para el desarrollo de una encuesta de calidad de vida más centrada en el paciente. (Traducción-Dr. Yesenia Rojas-Khalil ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Maalouf
- Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stephan Robitaille
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ruxandra Penta
- Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Makena Pook
- Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - A Sender Liberman
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julio F Fiore
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Liane S Feldman
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lawrence Lee
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Miranda J, Horvat N, Assuncao AN, de M Machado FA, Chakraborty J, Pandini RV, Saraiva S, Nahas CSR, Nahas SC, Nomura CH. MRI-based radiomic score increased mrTRG accuracy in predicting rectal cancer response to neoadjuvant therapy. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2023; 48:1911-1920. [PMID: 37004557 PMCID: PMC10942660 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-03898-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics score, i.e., "rad-score," and to investigate the performance of rad-score alone and combined with mrTRG in predicting pathologic complete response (pCR) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy. METHODS This retrospective study included consecutive patients with LARC who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery from between July 2011 to November 2015. Volumes of interest of the entire tumor on baseline rectal MRI and of the tumor bed on restaging rectal MRI were manually segmented on T2-weighted images. The radiologist also provided the ymrTRG score on the restaging MRI. Radiomic score (rad-score) was calculated and optimal cut-off points for both mrTRG and rad-score to predict pCR were selected using Youden's J statistic. RESULTS Of 180 patients (mean age = 63 years; 60% men), 33/180 (18%) achieved pCR. High rad-score (> - 1.49) yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.758, comparable to ymrTRG 1-2 which yielded an AUC of 0.759. The combination of high rad-score and ymrTRG 1-2 yielded a significantly higher AUC of 0.836 compared with ymrTRG 1-2 and high rad-score alone (p < 0.001). A logistic regression model incorporating both high rad-score and mrTRG 1-2 was built to calculate adjusted odds ratios for pCR, which was 4.85 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that a rectal restaging MRI-based rad-score had comparable diagnostic performance to ymrTRG. Moreover, the combined rad-score and ymrTRG model yielded a significant better diagnostic performance for predicting pCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao Miranda
- Department of Radiology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Natally Horvat
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, Box 29, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Antonildes N Assuncao
- Department of Radiology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Research and Education Institute, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Jayasree Chakraborty
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Samya Saraiva
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cesar Higa Nomura
- Department of Radiology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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10
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Spaander MCW, Zauber AG, Syngal S, Blaser MJ, Sung JJ, You YN, Kuipers EJ. Young-onset colorectal cancer. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2023; 9:21. [PMID: 37105987 PMCID: PMC10589420 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-023-00432-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
In the past decades the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in people under the age of 50 years has increased, which is referred to as early-onset CRC or young-onset CRC (YO-CRC). YO-CRC is expected to account for 11% of colon cancers and 23% of rectal cancers by 2030. This trend is observed in different parts of the world and in both men and women. In 20% of patients with YO-CRC, a hereditary cancer syndrome is found as the underlying cause; however, in the majority of patients no genetic predisposition is present. Beginning in the 1950s, major changes in lifestyle such as antibiotic use, low physical activity and obesity have affected the gut microbiome and may be an important factor in YO-CRC development. Owing to a lack of screening, patients with YO-CRC are often diagnosed with advanced-stage disease. Long-term treatment-related complications should be taken into account in these younger patients, making the more traditional sequential approaches of drug therapy not always the most appropriate option. To better understand the underlying mechanism and define relationships between environmental factors and YO-CRC development, long-term prospective studies are needed with lifestyle data collected from childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon C W Spaander
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center/Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Ann G Zauber
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sapna Syngal
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin J Blaser
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Joseph J Sung
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y Nancy You
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ernst J Kuipers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center/Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Thong MSY, Doege D, Weißer L, Koch-Gallenkamp L, Jansen L, Bertram H, Eberle A, Holleczek B, Nennecke A, Waldmann A, Zeissig SR, Brenner H, Arndt V. Persisting Deficits in Health-Related Quality of Life of Colorectal Cancer Survivors 14–24 Years Post-Diagnosis: A Population-Based Study. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:3373-3390. [PMID: 36975470 PMCID: PMC10047200 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30030257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors >10 years post-diagnosis is understudied. We aimed to compare the HRQOL of CRC survivors 14–24 years post-diagnosis to that of age- and sex-matched non-cancer controls, stratified by demographic and clinical factors. (2) Methods: We used data from 506 long-term CRC survivors and 1489 controls recruited from German population-based multi-regional studies. HRQOL was assessed with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core-30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) questionnaire. We estimated differences in the HRQOL of CRC survivors and controls with multiple regression, adjusted for age at survey, sex, and education, where appropriate. (3) Results: CRC survivors reported poorer social functioning but better health status/QOL than controls. CRC survivors, in general, had higher levels of symptom burden, and in particular diarrhea and constipation, regardless of demographic or clinical factors. In stratified analyses, HRQOL differed by age, sex, cancer type, and having a permanent stoma. (4) Conclusions: Although CRC survivors may have a comparable health status/QOL to controls 14–24 years after diagnosis, they still live with persistent bowel dysfunction that can negatively impact aspects of functioning. Healthcare providers should provide timely and adapted follow-up care to ameliorate potential long-term suffering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa S. Y. Thong
- Unit of Cancer Survivorship, Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6221-42-2334
| | - Daniela Doege
- Unit of Cancer Survivorship, Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Linda Weißer
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lena Koch-Gallenkamp
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lina Jansen
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heike Bertram
- Cancer Registry of North Rhine-Westphalia, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Andrea Eberle
- Bremen Cancer Registry, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | | | | | - Annika Waldmann
- Institute for Social Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sylke Ruth Zeissig
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry (ICE-B), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Cancer Registry of Rhineland-Palatinate, 55116 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Arndt
- Unit of Cancer Survivorship, Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Horvat N, El Homsi M, Miranda J, Mazaheri Y, Gollub MJ, Paroder V. Rectal MRI Interpretation After Neoadjuvant Therapy. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 57:353-369. [PMID: 36073323 PMCID: PMC9851947 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several key advances in the management of locally advanced rectal cancer have been made, including the implementation of total mesorectal excision as the standard surgical approach; use of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in selected patients with a high risk of local recurrence, and finally, adoption of organ preservation strategies, through either local excision or nonoperative management in selected patients with clinical complete response following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. This review aims to shed light on the role of rectal MRI in the assessment of treatment response after neoadjuvant therapy, which is especially important given the growing feasibility of nonoperative management. First, an overview of current neoadjuvant therapies and response assessment based on digital rectal examination, endoscopy, and MRI will be provided. Second, the use of a high-quality restaging rectal MRI protocol will be presented. Third, a step-by-step approach to assessing treatment response on restaging rectal MRI following neoadjuvant treatment will be outlined, acknowledging challenges faced by radiologists during MRI interpretation. Finally, research related to response assessment will be discussed. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natally Horvat
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria El Homsi
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joao Miranda
- Department of Radiology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yousef Mazaheri
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marc J. Gollub
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Viktoriya Paroder
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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13
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Does the Low Anterior Resection Syndrome Score Accurately Represent the Impact of Bowel Dysfunction on Health-Related Quality of Life? J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 27:114-121. [PMID: 36253504 PMCID: PMC9576127 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-022-05481-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bowel dysfunction after rectal cancer surgery is common, but its effect on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is complex. Objective measures of bowel function may not be a good representation on the actual impact on HRQOL. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine whether there are differences between patient-reported bowel-related impairment versus a standardized measure of bowel dysfunction on HRQOL. METHODS A prospective database starting in September 2018 of adult patients who had undergone sphincter preserving rectal cancer surgery up to October 2021 was queried. Patients were excluded if they had local recurrence, metastasis, persistent stoma, or had less than 1-year follow-up. Patients were administered the study instruments at their standard surveillance visit: patient-reported bowel-related quality of life(BQOL) impairment, HRQOL using the Short Form-36 (SF-36), and bowel dysfunction using the low anterior resection syndrome(LARS) score. RESULTS Overall, 136 patients were included. There were 43% with no LARS, 22% with minor LARS, and 35% with major LARS. For the BQOL, 26% of subjects reported no impairment, 57% minor impairment, and 17% major impairment. There was a high proportion of discordance between BQOL and LARS, with 23% minor or major LARS in patients with no BQOL impairment, and 32% with no or minor LARS with major BQOL impairment. The BQOL was associated with more changes in SF-36 scores compared to the LARS score. CONCLUSIONS The patient-reported BQOL is likely to be a more relevant outcome of interest to patients than the objective LARS score. This has important implications for shared decision-making for rectal cancer treatments.
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